| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:51:46 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0014853 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Paroxetine |
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| Description | Paroxetine hydrochloride and paroxetine mesylate belong to a class of antidepressant agents known as selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Despite distinct structural differences between compounds in this class, SSRIs possess similar pharmacological activity. As with other antidepressant agents, several weeks of therapy may be required before a clinical effect is seen. SSRIs are potent inhibitors of neuronal serotonin reuptake. They have little to no effect on norepinephrine or dopamine reuptake and do not antagonize α- or β-adrenergic, dopamine D2 or histamine H1 receptors. During acute use, SSRIs block serotonin reuptake and increase serotonin stimulation of somatodendritic 5-HT1A and terminal autoreceptors. Chronic use leads to desensitization of somatodendritic 5-HT1A and terminal autoreceptors. The overall clinical effect of increased mood and decreased anxiety is thought to be due to adaptive changes in neuronal function that leads to enhanced serotonergic neurotransmission. Side effects include dry mouth, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, sexual dysfunction and headache (see Toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects). Side effects generally occur during the first two weeks of therapy and are usually less severe and frequent than those observed with tricyclic antidepressants. Paroxetine hydrochloride and mesylate are considered therapeutic alternatives rather than generic equivalents by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA); both agents contain the same active moiety (i.e. paroxetine), but are formulated as different salt forms. Clinical studies establishing the efficacy of paroxetine in various conditions were performed using paroxetine hydrochloride. Since both agents contain the same active moiety, the clinical efficacy of both agents is thought to be similar. Paroxetine may be used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety disorder (social phobia), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Paroxetine has the most evidence supporting its use for anxiety-related disorders of the SSRIs. It has the greatest anticholinergic activity of the agents in this class and compared to other SSRIs, paroxetine may cause greater weight gain, sexual dysfunction, sedation and constipation. |
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| Structure | FC1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@@H]1CCNC[C@H]1COC1=CC2=C(OCO2)C=C1 InChI=1S/C19H20FNO3/c20-15-3-1-13(2-4-15)17-7-8-21-10-14(17)11-22-16-5-6-18-19(9-16)24-12-23-18/h1-6,9,14,17,21H,7-8,10-12H2/t14-,17-/m0/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (-)-(3S,4R)-4-(p-Fluorophenyl)-3-((3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenoxy)methyl)piperidine | ChEBI | | (3S-trans)-3-((1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidine | ChEBI | | Paroxetina | ChEBI | | Paroxetinum | ChEBI | | Hydrochloride hemihydrate, paroxetine | HMDB | | Hydrochloride, hemihydrate paroxetine | HMDB | | Acetate, paroxetine | HMDB | | Maleate, paroxetine | HMDB | | Paroxetine acetate | HMDB | | Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate | HMDB | | Paroxetine, trans-(+)-isomer | HMDB | | Seroxat | HMDB | | Aropax | HMDB | | Hemihydrate paroxetine hydrochloride | HMDB | | Paroxetine hydrochloride anhydrous | HMDB | | Paroxetine, cis-(+)-isomer | HMDB | | Paxil | HMDB | | Anhydrous, paroxetine hydrochloride | HMDB | | Hemihydrate, paroxetine hydrochloride | HMDB | | Hydrochloride anhydrous, paroxetine | HMDB | | Hydrochloride, paroxetine | HMDB | | Paroxetine hydrochloride | HMDB | | Paroxetine hydrochloride, hemihydrate | HMDB | | Paroxetine maleate | HMDB | | Paroxetine, cis-(-)-isomer | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C19H20FNO3 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 329.3654 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 329.142721716 |
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| IUPAC Name | (3S,4R)-3-[(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidine |
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| Traditional Name | paroxetine |
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| CAS Registry Number | 61869-08-7 |
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| SMILES | FC1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@@H]1CCNC[C@H]1COC1=CC2=C(OCO2)C=C1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C19H20FNO3/c20-15-3-1-13(2-4-15)17-7-8-21-10-14(17)11-22-16-5-6-18-19(9-16)24-12-23-18/h1-6,9,14,17,21H,7-8,10-12H2/t14-,17-/m0/s1 |
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| InChI Key | AHOUBRCZNHFOSL-YOEHRIQHSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpiperidines. Phenylpiperidines are compounds containing a phenylpiperidine skeleton, which consists of a piperidine bound to a phenyl group. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organoheterocyclic compounds |
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| Class | Piperidines |
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| Sub Class | Phenylpiperidines |
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| Direct Parent | Phenylpiperidines |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Phenylpiperidine
- Benzodioxole
- Alkyl aryl ether
- Fluorobenzene
- Halobenzene
- Aralkylamine
- Aryl fluoride
- Aryl halide
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Benzenoid
- Ether
- Secondary aliphatic amine
- Acetal
- Oxacycle
- Secondary amine
- Azacycle
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organofluoride
- Organohalogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Amine
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | 129 - 131 °C | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | 0.0085 g/L | Not Available | | LogP | 3.6 | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 5.44 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 11.5681 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 2.75 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 75.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1533.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 245.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 176.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 189.3 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 124.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 430.3 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 440.2 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 457.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 951.0 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 421.6 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1266.6 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 312.2 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 318.1 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 380.7 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 250.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 30.1 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| Paroxetine,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N1CC[C@@H](C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)[C@H](COC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)C1 | 2699.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Paroxetine,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N1CC[C@@H](C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)[C@H](COC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)C1 | 2813.8 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | Paroxetine,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N1CC[C@@H](C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)[C@H](COC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)C1 | 3559.2 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | Paroxetine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1CC[C@@H](C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)[C@H](COC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)C1 | 2950.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Paroxetine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1CC[C@@H](C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)[C@H](COC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)C1 | 3011.1 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | Paroxetine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1CC[C@@H](C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)[C@H](COC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)C1 | 3702.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Paroxetine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0f9i-1911000000-12c3e68d4fb152fcf19a | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Paroxetine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0006-8900000000-0a273deac3c7836cdc76 | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-3709000000-7d029049c2e6d638ecbe | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-2409000000-077fb077fbf0e4210f51 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-0009000000-56cd88a7bae65159b40e | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9300000000-95d57654f38599951250 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine -1V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-3609000000-814e80528f9dde6c33a5 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001l-6809000000-6461647e2077c359be2e | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 35V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001l-2906000000-a8c78adc02d4f098ec53 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 35V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-2309000000-dae2fa8b8f5f0d2d9c83 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-0409000000-034c664e49ac69cc6701 | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0uel-1915000000-1cceed9b83dba502dc39 | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-6900000000-a45d96d1002ba6a0049e | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0409000000-7b0c408204b05629f155 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-002r-1829000000-c76de0eff9bcad218ff4 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-4900000000-77810e81d9b6e4cb0cf7 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-0409000000-52ccb63e39824262697a | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001r-0915000000-6663900bf83beabe3f50 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004r-0901000000-7e65658f2aa91b98e293 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-0903000000-8712cfe4d48fe9ccd484 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004r-0927000000-031f43eecdb967cf56ae | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Paroxetine 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-1900000000-6adcbe9a9b2a0603a1ce | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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| General References | - Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, Bandelow B, Bond A, Davidson JR, den Boer JA, Fineberg NA, Knapp M, Scott J, Wittchen HU: Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol. 2005 Nov;19(6):567-96. [PubMed:16272179 ]
- Yonkers KA, Gullion C, Williams A, Novak K, Rush AJ: Paroxetine as a treatment for premenstrual dysphoric disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1996 Feb;16(1):3-8. [PubMed:8834412 ]
- Waldinger MD, Hengeveld MW, Zwinderman AH, Olivier B: Effect of SSRI antidepressants on ejaculation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study with fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1998 Aug;18(4):274-81. [PubMed:9690692 ]
- Baldwin D, Bobes J, Stein DJ, Scharwachter I, Faure M: Paroxetine in social phobia/social anxiety disorder. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Paroxetine Study Group. Br J Psychiatry. 1999 Aug;175:120-6. [PubMed:10627793 ]
- Waldinger MD, Zwinderman AH, Olivier B: SSRIs and ejaculation: a double-blind, randomized, fixed-dose study with paroxetine and citalopram. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001 Dec;21(6):556-60. [PubMed:11763001 ]
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