| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2021-09-11 08:53:28 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2021-09-26 23:03:34 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0251528 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | DL-Proline |
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| Description | Proline, also known as DL-proline or hpro, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as proline and derivatives. Proline and derivatives are compounds containing proline or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. In humans, proline is involved in the metabolic disorder called hyperornithinemia with gyrate atrophy (hoga). Proline is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as milk (cow), wheats (Triticum), and oats (Avena sativa) and in a lower concentration in winter squashes (Cucurbita maxima), pacific jack mackerels (Trachurus symmetricus), and coconuts (Cocos nucifera). Proline has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, tallow, soybean oil, and vodka. This could make proline a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Proline is a secondary metabolite. Secondary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically non-essential metabolites that may serve a role as defense or signalling molecules. In some cases they are simply molecules that arise from the incomplete metabolism of other secondary metabolites. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Proline. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Dl-proline is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically DL-Proline is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources. |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C5H9NO2/c7-5(8)4-2-1-3-6-4/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,7,8) |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| DL-Proline | ChEBI | | Hpro | ChEBI | | Prolin | ChEBI | | Prolina | ChEBI | | Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid | ChEBI | | Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate | Generator | | L-Proline | MeSH | | L Proline | MeSH |
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| Chemical Formula | C5H9NO2 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 115.1305 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 115.063328537 |
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| IUPAC Name | pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid |
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| Traditional Name | proline |
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| CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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| SMILES | OC(=O)C1CCCN1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C5H9NO2/c7-5(8)4-2-1-3-6-4/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,7,8) |
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| InChI Key | ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as proline and derivatives. Proline and derivatives are compounds containing proline or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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| Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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| Direct Parent | Proline and derivatives |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Proline or derivatives
- Alpha-amino acid
- Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid
- Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives
- Pyrrolidine
- Amino acid
- Azacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Secondary amine
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Secondary aliphatic amine
- Carboxylic acid
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 8.6006 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 6.41 minutes | 32390414 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 460.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 305.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 56.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 189.8 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 51.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 268.1 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 229.5 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 779.1 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 559.2 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 36.1 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 637.6 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 194.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 240.8 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 779.8 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 444.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 324.1 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| DL-Proline,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1CCCN1[Si](C)(C)C | 1309.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | DL-Proline,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1CCCN1[Si](C)(C)C | 1355.6 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | DL-Proline,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1CCCN1[Si](C)(C)C | 1532.9 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | DL-Proline,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1CCCN1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1780.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | DL-Proline,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1CCCN1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1767.1 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | DL-Proline,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1CCCN1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1826.2 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - DL-Proline GC-MS (2 TMS) | splash10-000f-1910000000-b8957703cfe144c9ad7b | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - DL-Proline GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00di-9000000000-7dd244dbf0508fe182ff | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - DL-Proline GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - DL-Proline GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - DL-Proline GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - DL-Proline GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - DL-Proline GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-00di-9000000000-8e834b710573540358a5 | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 80V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9100000000-a6bbffba8116bbdc5a94 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 70V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00xr-9400000000-8bbbdcc46ff61a5ac426 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 60V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01b9-8900000000-504c896ab454f1d6fcf8 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 50V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-4900000000-b961d92566bf15c6cc1f | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 65V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00xr-9700000000-fc663594a67062eb0452 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 85V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9100000000-4b4cba41642e3cc79527 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 75V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9300000000-392c18e3d993f397b2e0 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 25V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-3900000000-6b96d6dad4cf93db3ba5 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 35V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-1900000000-7bcd694d06468f15ae12 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-2900000000-cb2b03d8034018052c28 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 90V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9000000000-057cd991d0f1568b7696 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9000000000-2aaadae925722a4a5c54 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 55V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9000000000-91b526c5c2fc8d4096f6 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 50V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-da8c3b5579a29637e732 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-c4b889ece4c7b298c7b4 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 15V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01b9-8900000000-000cb5f6ae87b559450a | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9000000000-4e3718c9acec851a59a5 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9300000000-524823738c524593c4e6 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-3900000000-9902a9c205c6392f8d9c | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014j-9700000000-8350fad6cf90ce2164c7 | 2015-05-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9100000000-e8dbf4b646043f5803dd | 2015-05-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-006x-9000000000-75c83a1618771632b3bd | 2015-05-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03di-5900000000-137050657da637e2e728 | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-022a-9400000000-4910911b3be890774d63 | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - DL-Proline 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-f087bd626084f2042512 | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-10-13 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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