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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-23 18:11:37 UTC
Update Date2021-09-23 18:11:39 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0302493
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common Namegamma-Elemene
DescriptionGamma-Elemene, also known as g-elemene, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sesquiterpenoids. Sesquiterpenoids are terpenes that contain 15 carbon atoms and are comprised of three isoprene units. The biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes is known to occur mainly through the mevalonic acid pathway (MVA), in the cytosol. However, recent studies have found evidence of pathway crosstalk with the methyl-erythritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway in the cytosol. Farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cyclic sesquiterpenes. FPP undergoes several cyclization reactions to yield a diverse number of cyclic arrangements. More formally, gamma-elemene is a cyclohexane substituted at positions 1, 1, 2, and 4 by methyl, vinyl, isopropenyl and isopropylidene groups, respectively. There are four known elemene isomers including α-, β-, γ-, and δ-elemene. The elemenes contribute to the floral aromas of some plants and are used as pheromones by some insects. Gamma-elemene is found in many essential plant oils including wormwood leaf oil, peppermint oil, pepper tree leaf oil, parsley leaf oil, orange peel oil, lime oil, juniper berry oil, hinoki leaf oil, angelica root oil, and angelica seed oil. Gamma-elemene has been shown to exhibit good insecticidal activity against the crop pest Spodoptera litura (tobacco cutworm or cotton leafworm) and could be useful as an eco-friendly biopesticide (PMID:28634795 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(+)-gamma-ElemeneChEBI
(+)-g-ElemeneGenerator
(+)-Γ-elemeneGenerator
g-ElemeneGenerator
Γ-elemeneGenerator
Chemical FormulaC15H24
Average Molecular Weight204.357
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight204.187800773
IUPAC Name(1S,2S)-1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclohexane
Traditional Name(1S,2S)-1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclohexane
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
CC(C)=C1CC[C@@](C)(C=C)[C@@H](C1)C(C)=C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-7-15(6)9-8-13(11(2)3)10-14(15)12(4)5/h7,14H,1,4,8-10H2,2-3,5-6H3/t14-,15+/m0/s1
InChI KeyBQSLMQNYHVFRDT-LSDHHAIUSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sesquiterpenoids. These are terpenes with three consecutive isoprene units.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassSesquiterpenoids
Direct ParentSesquiterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Sesquiterpenoid
  • Branched unsaturated hydrocarbon
  • Cyclic olefin
  • Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
  • Unsaturated hydrocarbon
  • Olefin
  • Hydrocarbon
  • Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP5.09ALOGPS
logP4.64ChemAxon
logS-4.4ALOGPS
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity69.03 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability25.8 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
AllCCS[M+H]+146.77232859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+142.86832859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+151.45132859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+150.40432859911
AllCCS[M-H]-154.58632859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-155.28832859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-156.1632859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+155.92430932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-153.56630932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-186.45230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+162.01830932474

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Not Available
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0019-4900000000-fb790115baaf4a3d16162017-07-27Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0090000000-6bfd709831d5599e9c1e2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0290000000-b951c20dccfd334852ad2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-1900000000-9c9cef0e084401e873e92016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0090000000-7ccf03fa1149a1e9f55f2021-10-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0090000000-7ccf03fa1149a1e9f55f2021-10-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0zg0-0940000000-75fae33c5b380ac995912021-10-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-1890000000-450e146224ccff06d6172016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-07br-3910000000-61daee527832bc1811302016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0gb9-9300000000-84044dadf41caec7632f2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-022i-0900000000-b8727734b8bc280cd8072021-10-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-053r-9710000000-8f184d721121df33f4dc2021-10-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Elemene 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-069u-9300000000-dc6712d7b870be6f2b3a2021-10-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB004787
KNApSAcK IDC00012012
Chemspider ID4937571
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem CompoundNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID132656
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Benelli G, Govindarajan M, AlSalhi MS, Devanesan S, Maggi F: High toxicity of camphene and gamma-elemene from Wedelia prostrata essential oil against larvae of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Apr;25(11):10383-10391. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9490-7. Epub 2017 Jun 20. [PubMed:28634795 ]