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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00205
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5437
  • HMDBP03802
Name Retinal dehydrogenase 2
Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A2
  2. RALDH 2
  3. RALDH(II)
  4. RalDH2
  5. Retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase type 2
Gene Name ALDH1A2
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific Function Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Does metabolize octanal and decanal but does not metabolize citral, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal efficiently (By similarity).
Pathways
  • Retinol metabolism
  • Retinol Metabolism
  • Vitamin A Deficiency
Reactions
Retinal + NAD + Water → 13-cis-Retinoic acid + NADH details
Retinal + NAD + Water → all-trans-Retinoic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
9-cis-Retinal + NAD + Water → 9-cis-Retinoic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
GO Classification
Biological Process
positive regulation of apoptotic process
positive regulation of cell proliferation
retinol metabolic process
retinoic acid metabolic process
liver development
retinal metabolic process
9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthetic process
anterior/posterior pattern specification
blood vessel development
cellular response to retinoic acid
determination of bilateral symmetry
embryonic camera-type eye development
embryonic forelimb morphogenesis
face development
embryonic digestive tract development
heart morphogenesis
hindbrain development
kidney development
lung development
midgut development
morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium
negative regulation of cell proliferation
neural crest cell development
neural tube development
neuron differentiation
pancreas development
pituitary gland development
positive regulation of gene expression
proximal/distal pattern formation
regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
response to cytokine stimulus
response to estradiol stimulus
response to vitamin A
retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway
ureter maturation
vitamin A metabolic process
Cellular Component
cytosol
cytoplasm
nucleus
Function
catalytic activity
oxidoreductase activity
Molecular Function
retinal dehydrogenase activity
3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity
retinal binding
Process
metabolic process
oxidation reduction
Cellular Location
  1. Cytoplasm
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 15
Locus 15q21.3
SNPs ALDH1A2
Gene Sequence
>1557 bp
ATGACTTCCAGCAAGATAGAGATGCCCGGCGAGGTGAAGGCCGACCCCGCCGCCCTCATG
GCGTCGCTGCACCTCCTGCCGTCGCCCACGCCCAATCTCGAAATTAAGTACACCAAGATC
TTTATAAACAACGAGTGGCAGAACTCAGAGAGTGGGAGAGTGTTCCCTGTCTATAATCCA
GCCACAGGAGAACAGGTGTGTGAAGTTCAAGAAGCAGACAAGGCAGATATAGACAAAGCA
GTGCAGGCAGCCCGCCTGGCTTTCTCTCTTGGTTCAGTGTGGAGAAGGATGGATGCTTCA
GAAAGGGGACGTCTGTTGGATAAGCTTGCAGACTTGGTGGAACGGGACAGGGCAGTTCTT
GCAACCATGGAATCCCTAAATGGTGGCAAACCATTCCTGCAAGCTTTTTATGTGGATTTG
CAGGGCGTCATCAAAACCTTTCGATATTACGCAGGCTGGGCTGATAAAATTCATGGGATG
ACCATTCCTGTAGATGGAGACTATTTTACCTTTACAAGACATGAACCCATTGGAGTGTGT
GGACAGATCATCCCATGGAACTTCCCCCTGCTGATGTTTGCCTGGAAAATAGCTCCAGCT
TTGTGCTGTGGCAATACAGTAGTTATTAAGCCAGCAGAGCAAACACCACTCAGTGCACTC
TACATGGGAGCCCTCATCAAGGAGGCTGGCTTTCCTCCCGGGGTCATCAATATTTTGCCA
GGATATGGGCCAACGGCTGGGGCAGCAATAGCTTCTCACATTGGCATAGACAAGATTGCA
TTCACAGGGTCTACTGAGGTTGGAAAGCTTATCCAAGAAGCAGCTGGAAGAAGTAATTTG
AAGAGAGTAACTCTGGAACTTGGAGGCAAAAGTCCTAATATTATTTTTGCTGATGCTGAC
TTGGACTATGCTGTGGAGCAGGCCCACCAGGGTGTGTTCTTCAATCAAGGTCAGTGCTGC
ACTGCAGGCTCTCGCATCTTCGTGGAGGAGTCCATCTATGAGGAGTTTGTGAGAAGAAGC
GTGGAGCGGGCCAAGAGGCGCATAGTGGGGAGTCCCTTTGACCCCACCACTGAGCAGGGT
CCCCAGATTGATAAGAAACAGTACAACAAGATCTTGGAACTCATCCAGAGTGGTGTGGCT
GAGGGCGCCAAGCTGGAATGTGGAGGCAAAGGACTGGGCCGAAAGGGGTTTTTCATTGAG
CCCACAGTGTTTTCCAACGTCACTGATGATATGCGGATTGCCAAGGAGGAGATCTTTGGC
CCTGTTCAGGAAATTTTGAGATTTAAGACGATGGATGAAGTTATCGAAAGAGCCAATAAC
TCAGACTTTGGACTCGTAGCAGCTGTCTTTACTAATGACATCAACAAGGCCCTCACAGTG
TCTTCTGCAATGCAAGCTGGGACTGTTTGGATCAATTGTTACAATGCCTTAAATGCCCAG
AGCCCCTTTGGGGGATTCAAGATGTCTGGAAATGGGAGAGAAATGGGAGAATTTGGCTTG
CGGGAGTACTCAGAAGTTAAGACGGTGACAGTAAAGATCCCCCAGAAGAACTCCTAA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 518
Molecular Weight 54672.24
Theoretical pI 6.589
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Retinal dehydrogenase 2
MTSSKIEMPGEVKADPAALMASLHLLPSPTPNLEIKYTKIFINNEWQNSESGRVFPVYNP
ATGEQVCEVQEADKADIDKAVQAARLAFSLGSVWRRMDASERGRLLDKLADLVERDRAVL
ATMESLNGGKPFLQAFYVDLQGVIKTFRYYAGWADKIHGMTIPVDGDYFTFTRHEPIGVC
GQIIPWNFPLLMFAWKIAPALCCGNTVVIKPAEQTPLSALYMGALIKEAGFPPGVINILP
GYGPTAGAAIASHIGIDKIAFTGSTEVGKLIQEAAGRSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIFADAD
LDYAVEQAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAGSRIFVEESIYEEFVRRSVERAKRRVVGSPFDPTTEQG
PQIDKKQYNKILELIQSGVAEGAKLECGGKGLGRKGFFIEPTVFSNVTDDMRIAKEEIFG
PVQEILRFKTMDEVIERANNSDFGLVAAVFTNDINKALTVSSAMQAGTVWINCYNALNAQ
SPFGGFKMSGNGREMGEFGLREYSEVKTVTVKIPQKNS
GenBank ID Protein 3970842
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O94788
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1A2_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID AB015226
GeneCard ID ALDH1A2
GenAtlas ID ALDH1A2
HGNC ID HGNC:15472
References
General References
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  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  3. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed:17974005 ]
  4. Ono Y, Fukuhara N, Yoshie O: TAL1 and LIM-only proteins synergistically induce retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 expression in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by acting as cofactors for GATA3. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Dec;18(12):6939-50. [PubMed:9819382 ]