| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2006-05-18 08:33:38 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-09-22 17:43:47 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0001923 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Naproxen |
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| Description | Naproxen (INN) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for the reduction of mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, injury (like fractures), menstrual cramps, tendonitis, bursitis, and the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Naproxen and naproxen sodium are marketed under various trade names including: Aleve, Anaprox, Naprogesic, Naprosyn, Naprelan; Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for the reduction of mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, injury (like fractures), menstrual cramps, tendonitis, bursitis, and the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Naproxen and naproxen sodium are marketed under various trade names including: Aleve, Anaprox, Naprogesic, Naprosyn, Naprelan. Naproxen was first marketed as the prescription drug Naprosyn in 1976 and naproxen sodium was first marketed under the trade name Anaprox in 1980. It remains a prescription-only drug in much of the world. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of naproxen sodium as an over-the-counter (OTC) drug in 1991, where OTC preparations are sold under the trade name Aleve. In Australia, small packets of lower-strength preparations of naproxen sodium are Schedule 2 Pharmacy Medicines; Naproxen is a member of the 2-arylpropionic acid (profen) family of NSAIDs. It is an odorless, white to off-white crystalline substance. It is lipid-soluble, practically insoluble in water with a low pH (below pH 4), while freely soluble in water at 6 pH and above. Naproxen has a melting point of 153 degree centigrade. |
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| Structure | COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C=C(C=C2)[C@H](C)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C14H14O3/c1-9(14(15)16)10-3-4-12-8-13(17-2)6-5-11(12)7-10/h3-9H,1-2H3,(H,15,16)/t9-/m0/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (+)-(S)-6-Methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid | ChEBI | | (+)-(S)-Naproxen | ChEBI | | (+)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid | ChEBI | | (+)-2-(Methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propionic acid | ChEBI | | (+)-2-(Methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propionsaeure | ChEBI | | (+)-Naproxen | ChEBI | | (S)-(+)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid | ChEBI | | (S)-(+)-Naproxen | ChEBI | | (S)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propanoic acid | ChEBI | | (S)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid | ChEBI | | (S)-6-Methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid | ChEBI | | (S)-Naproxen | ChEBI | | Naproxene | ChEBI | | Naproxeno | ChEBI | | Naproxenum | ChEBI | | Naprosyn | Kegg | | (+)-(S)-6-Methoxy-a-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetate | Generator | | (+)-(S)-6-Methoxy-a-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid | Generator | | (+)-(S)-6-Methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetate | Generator | | (+)-(S)-6-Methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetate | Generator | | (+)-(S)-6-Methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid | Generator | | (+)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionate | Generator | | (+)-2-(Methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propionate | Generator | | (S)-(+)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionate | Generator | | (S)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propanoate | Generator | | (S)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionate | Generator | | (S)-6-Methoxy-a-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetate | Generator | | (S)-6-Methoxy-a-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid | Generator | | (S)-6-Methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetate | Generator | | (S)-6-Methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetate | Generator | | (S)-6-Methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid | Generator | | 2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid | HMDB | | Acusprain | HMDB | | Anexopen | HMDB | | Apronax | HMDB | | Artagen | HMDB | | Arthrisil | HMDB | | Artrixen | HMDB | | Artroxen | HMDB | | Atiflan | HMDB | | Axer | HMDB | | Bipronyl | HMDB | | Calosen | HMDB | | Clinosyn | HMDB | | Congex | HMDB | | D-Naproxen | HMDB | | Danaprox | HMDB | | Daprox | HMDB | | Diocodal | HMDB | | DL Naproxen | HMDB | | DL-Naproxen | HMDB | | Duk | HMDB | | Dysmenalgit | HMDB | | Dysmenalgit N | HMDB | | Ec-naprosyn | HMDB | | Equiproxen | HMDB | | Flexipen | HMDB | | Floginax | HMDB | | Fuxen | HMDB | | Genoxen | HMDB | | Lefaine | HMDB | | Leniartil | HMDB | | Nafasol | HMDB | | Naixan | HMDB | | Nalyxan | HMDB | | Napflam | HMDB | | Napmel | HMDB | | Naposin | HMDB | | Naprosyne | HMDB | | Naproxen sodium | HMDB | | Novonaprox | HMDB | | Nycopren | HMDB | | Opipramol | HMDB | | Anaprox | HMDB | | Methoxypropiocin | HMDB | | Naprosin | HMDB | | Proxen | HMDB | | Aleve | HMDB | | Sodium, naproxen | HMDB | | MNPA | HMDB | | Synflex | HMDB | | Naproxenate, sodium | HMDB | | Sodium naproxenate | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C14H14O3 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 230.2592 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 230.094294314 |
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| IUPAC Name | (2S)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoic acid |
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| Traditional Name | naproxen |
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| CAS Registry Number | 22204-53-1 |
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| SMILES | COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C=C(C=C2)[C@H](C)C(O)=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C14H14O3/c1-9(14(15)16)10-3-4-12-8-13(17-2)6-5-11(12)7-10/h3-9H,1-2H3,(H,15,16)/t9-/m0/s1 |
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| InChI Key | CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as naphthalenes. Naphthalenes are compounds containing a naphthalene moiety, which consists of two fused benzene rings. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Benzenoids |
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| Class | Naphthalenes |
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| Sub Class | Not Available |
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| Direct Parent | Naphthalenes |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Naphthalene
- Anisole
- Alkyl aryl ether
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Ether
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aromatic homopolycyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic homopolycyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Not Available | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | 153 °C | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | 0.016 mg/mL at 25 °C | Not Available | | LogP | 3.18 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 7.06 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 13.6573 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 1.07 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 29.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1784.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 406.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 184.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 219.7 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 107.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 613.9 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 656.7 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 112.5 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 936.7 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 548.5 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1451.4 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 362.4 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 408.6 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 421.7 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 315.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 21.7 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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| General References | - Haupt D, Pettersson C, Westerlund D: Separation of (R)- and (S)-naproxen using micellar chromatography and an alpha 1-acid-glycoprotein column: application for chiral monitoring in human liver microsomes by coupled-column chromatography. J Biochem Biophys Methods. 1992 Dec;25(4):273-84. [PubMed:1494036 ]
- Rossat J, Maillard M, Nussberger J, Brunner HR, Burnier M: Renal effects of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition in normotensive salt-depleted subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Jul;66(1):76-84. [PubMed:10430112 ]
- Cakrt M, Hercegova A, Lesko J, Polonsky J, Sadecka J, Skacani I: Isotachophoretic determination of naproxen in the presence of its metabolite in human serum. J Chromatogr A. 2001 May 4;916(1-2):207-14. [PubMed:11382293 ]
- Bertin P, Lapicque F, Payan E, Rigaud M, Bailleul F, Jaeger S, Treves R, Netter P: Sodium naproxen: concentration and effect on inflammatory response mediators in human rheumatoid synovial fluid. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1994;46(1):3-7. [PubMed:8005184 ]
- Ozkaya-Bayazit E: Topical provocation in fixed drug eruption due to metamizol and naproxen. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2004 Jul;29(4):419-22. [PubMed:15245546 ]
- Bruno R, Iliadis A, Jullien I, Guego M, Pinhas H, Cunci S, Cano JP: Naproxen kinetics in synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1988 Jul;26(1):41-4. [PubMed:3203059 ]
- Fagerholm U, Breuer O, Swedmark S, Hoogstraate J: Pre-clinical pharmacokinetics of the cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donor (CINOD) AZD3582. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 May;57(5):587-97. [PubMed:15901348 ]
- Schwartz JI, Vandormael K, Malice MP, Kalyani RN, Lasseter KC, Holmes GB, Gertz BJ, Gottesdiener KM, Laurenzi M, Redfern KJ, Brune K: Comparison of rofecoxib, celecoxib, and naproxen on renal function in elderly subjects receiving a normal-salt diet. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2002 Jul;72(1):50-61. [PubMed:12152004 ]
- Hercegova A, Sadecka J, Polonsky J: Determination of some antirheumatics by capillary isotachophoresis. Electrophoresis. 2000 Aug;21(14):2842-7. [PubMed:11001292 ]
- Jick H, Derby LE, Garcia Rodriguez LA, Jick SS, Dean AD: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and certain rare, serious adverse events: a cohort study. Pharmacotherapy. 1993 May-Jun;13(3):212-7. [PubMed:8321735 ]
- Toothaker RD, Barker SH, Gillen MV, Helsinger SA, Kindberg CG, Hunt TL, Powell JH: Absence of pharmacokinetic interaction between orally co-administered naproxen sodium and diphenhydramine hydrochloride. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2000 Sep;21(6):229-33. [PubMed:11304721 ]
- el Mouelhi M, Beck S, Bock KW: Stereoselective glucuronidation of (R)- and (S)-naproxen by recombinant rat phenol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1) and its human orthologue. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Oct 5;46(7):1298-300. [PubMed:8216382 ]
- van Hecken A, Depre M, Wynants K, Vanbilloen H, Verbruggen A, Arnout J, Vanhove P, Cariou R, De Schepper PJ: Effect of clopidogrel on naproxen-induced gastrointestinal blood loss in healthy volunteers. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 1998;14(3):193-205. [PubMed:10366994 ]
- Mikami E, Goto T, Ohno T, Matsumoto H, Nishida M: Simultaneous analysis of naproxen, nabumetone and its major metabolite 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid in pharmaceuticals and human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2000 Oct;23(5):917-25. [PubMed:11022916 ]
- Rodrigues AD, Kukulka MJ, Roberts EM, Ouellet D, Rodgers TR: [O-methyl 14C]naproxen O-demethylase activity in human liver microsomes: evidence for the involvement of cytochrome P4501A2 and P4502C9/10. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Jan;24(1):126-36. [PubMed:8825200 ]
- Albrecht C, Melgert BN, Reichen J, Poelstra K, Meijer DK: Effect of chronic bile duct obstruction and LPS upon targeting of naproxen to the liver using naproxen-albumin conjugate. J Drug Target. 1998;6(2):105-17. [PubMed:9886235 ]
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