| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:49:02 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0000494 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Stigmastanol |
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| Description | Stigmastanol, also known as sitostanol or (3b)-stigmastan-3-ol, belongs to stigmastanes and derivatives class of compounds. Those are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24. Stigmastanol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Stigmastanol can be found primarily in blood and feces, as well as in human skeletal muscle tissue. Stigmastanol can be found anywhere throughout the human cell, such as in in the peroxisome, in the cytoplasm, in the Golgi apparatus, and in the membrane (predicted from logP). It can also be found in the extracellular space. Moreover, stigmastanol is found to be associated with sitosterolemia, an inborn error of metabolism. Stigmastanol (sitostanol) is a phytosterol found in a variety of plant sources. Similar to sterol esters and stanol esters, stigmastanol inhibits the absorption of cholesterol from the diet. Animal studies suggest that it also inhibits biosynthesis of cholesterol in the liver (Wikipedia ). Stigmastanol is plant stanol. It can decrease the circulating LDL-cholesterol level by reducing intestinal cholesterol absorption (PMID 16910223 ). |
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| Structure | CC[C@H](CC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CCC4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C)C(C)C InChI=1S/C29H52O/c1-7-21(19(2)3)9-8-20(4)25-12-13-26-24-11-10-22-18-23(30)14-16-28(22,5)27(24)15-17-29(25,26)6/h19-27,30H,7-18H2,1-6H3/t20-,21-,22?,23+,24+,25-,26+,27+,28+,29-/m1/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| Dihydrositosterol | MeSH | | 24 alpha-Ethyl-5 beta-cholestan-3 alpha-ol | MeSH | | beta-Sitostanol | MeSH | | Sitostanol | MeSH | | Stigmastanol, (3beta,5beta,24S)-isomer | MeSH | | 24 alpha-Ethyl-5 alpha-cholestan-3 beta-ol | MeSH | | (3b)-Stigmastan-3-ol | HMDB | | (3beta)-Stigmastan-3-ol | HMDB | | (3beta,5alpha)-Stigmastan-3-ol | HMDB | | 24-alpha-Ethylcholestanol | HMDB | | 24a-Ethylcholestanol | HMDB | | 4a-Methyl-5a,14a-lumistan-3b-ol | HMDB | | 4a-Methylcampestanol | HMDB | | 5,6-dihydro-b-Sitosterol | HMDB | | 5,6-dihydro-beta-Sitosterol | HMDB | | 5a-Stigmastan-3b-ol | HMDB | | 5alpha-Stigmastan-3beta-ol | HMDB | | b-Sitostanol | HMDB | | beta-dihydro-Sitosterol | HMDB | | dihydro-b-Sitosterol | HMDB | | dihydro-beta-Sitosterol | HMDB | | Dihydrositosterin | HMDB | | Fucostanol | HMDB | | Spinastanol | HMDB | | Stigmastan-3-ol | HMDB | | Stigmastane-3-beta-ol | HMDB | | Stigmastanol | MeSH |
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| Chemical Formula | C29H52O |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 416.734 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 416.401816294 |
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| IUPAC Name | (1S,2S,5S,10R,11S,14R,15R)-14-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-5-ol |
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| Traditional Name | stigmastane-3-β-ol |
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| CAS Registry Number | 83-45-4 |
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| SMILES | CC[C@H](CC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CCC4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C)C(C)C |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C29H52O/c1-7-21(19(2)3)9-8-20(4)25-12-13-26-24-11-10-22-18-23(30)14-16-28(22,5)27(24)15-17-29(25,26)6/h19-27,30H,7-18H2,1-6H3/t20-,21-,22?,23+,24+,25-,26+,27+,28+,29-/m1/s1 |
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| InChI Key | LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-KZXGMYDKSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as stigmastanes and derivatives. These are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Steroids and steroid derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Stigmastanes and derivatives |
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| Direct Parent | Stigmastanes and derivatives |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Triterpenoid
- Stigmastane-skeleton
- C24-propyl-sterol-skeleton
- 3-beta-hydroxysteroid
- Hydroxysteroid
- 3-hydroxysteroid
- Cyclic alcohol
- Secondary alcohol
- Organic oxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Ontology |
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| Not Available | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | 144 °C | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 9.32 minutes | 32390414 | | Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 8.81 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 29.2251 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 2.87 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 45.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 3884.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 915.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 348.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 368.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 826.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1418.1 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1201.9 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 111.1 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2263.6 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 803.2 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2462.5 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 770.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 660.7 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 307.3 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 705.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 8.9 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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| Spectra |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol GC-MS (1 TMS) | splash10-066u-4942100000-604c3357e69c5eff6d37 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) | splash10-066u-4942100000-604c3357e69c5eff6d37 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0f79-2109200000-a86730d94764ca5efe85 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00di-3103900000-2af97f9cf8a2adff3196 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00kb-0019600000-d66897ecdbe2fe845508 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0002-4149200000-b304e7e4678a4df85f02 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0002-8089100000-404a21c90ecdfcc88b6b | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-0002900000-5b14a67727dfd30debe9 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-0004900000-af8991b83701d4b9f081 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0012-1009000000-eebc7b9b36cf260dbceb | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-0000900000-b5f23f2410b0642246b1 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-0000900000-bb6fb31d418e3fc0bd50 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-02ta-0004900000-0b0cca9041a827eb2238 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-2125900000-88705afd06ff3d3ec277 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-9022300000-71d6fc93ae624cc61e6c | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stigmastanol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9610000000-0304da0e562e0b20612f | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | - Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
- Membrane (predicted from logP)
- Mitochondria
- Nucleus
- Lysosome
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
- Peroxisome
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 2.8 +/- 8.8 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 168.0 +/- 2.8 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Phytosterolemia | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | | Sitosterolemia |
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- Lutjohann D, Bjorkhem I, Beil UF, von Bergmann K: Sterol absorption and sterol balance in phytosterolemia evaluated by deuterium-labeled sterols: effect of sitostanol treatment. J Lipid Res. 1995 Aug;36(8):1763-73. [PubMed:7595097 ]
| | Colorectal cancer |
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- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
- Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
- Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
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| Associated OMIM IDs | |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | Not Available |
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| KNApSAcK ID | C00025214 |
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| Chemspider ID | Not Available |
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| KEGG Compound ID | C11682 |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | Stigmastanol |
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| METLIN ID | Not Available |
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| PubChem Compound | 72340 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 9479 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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| Good Scents ID | rw1818711 |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Bengtsson, B. E. A comparison between sitostanol and stigmastanol. Z. physiol. Chem. (1935), 237 46-51. |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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| General References | - Miller TR, Anderson RJ, Linas SL, Henrich WL, Berns AS, Gabow PA, Schrier RW: Urinary diagnostic indices in acute renal failure: a prospective study. Ann Intern Med. 1978 Jul;89(1):47-50. [PubMed:666184 ]
- Connor WE, Lin DS, Pappu AS, Frohlich J, Gerhard G: Dietary sitostanol and campestanol: accumulation in the blood of humans with sitosterolemia and xanthomatosis and in rat tissues. Lipids. 2005 Sep;40(9):919-23. [PubMed:16331855 ]
- Skrede B, Bjorkhem I, Bergesen O, Kayden HJ, Skrede S: The presence of 5 alpha-sitostanol in the serum of a patient with phytosterolemia, and its biosynthesis from plant steroids in rats with bile fistula. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Oct 2;836(3):368-75. [PubMed:4041477 ]
- Devaraj S, Jialal I: The role of dietary supplementation with plant sterols and stanols in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Nutr Rev. 2006 Jul;64(7 Pt 1):348-54. [PubMed:16910223 ]
- Phillips KM, Ruggio DM, Bailey JA: Precise quantitative determination of phytosterols, stanols, and cholesterol metabolites in human serum by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Sep 10;732(1):17-29. [PubMed:10517218 ]
- Trump DL: Serious hyponatremia in patients with cancer: management with demeclocycline. Cancer. 1981 Jun 15;47(12):2908-12. [PubMed:6790160 ]
- Ostlund RE Jr, Spilburg CA, Stenson WF: Sitostanol administered in lecithin micelles potently reduces cholesterol absorption in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Nov;70(5):826-31. [PubMed:10539742 ]
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