| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2021-09-14 15:20:02 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0000667 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | L-Thyronine |
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| Description | Thyronine (T0) is a de-iodinated form of thyroxine. Thyronine are a group of metabolites derived from thyroxine and triiodothyronine via the peripheral enzymatic removal of iodines from the thyroxine nucleus. Thyronine is the thyroxine nucleus devoid of its four iodine atoms. Thyronine (T0) has been identified in human urine. In 22 normal individuals urinary thyronine concentrations were found to range between 8-25 nmol‚ÅÑ24h (PMID: 479355 ). Thyronine is thought to be a byproduct of thyroxine metabolism and arises through the action of thyroxine deiodinases. |
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| Structure | N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C15H15NO4/c16-14(15(18)19)9-10-1-5-12(6-2-10)20-13-7-3-11(17)4-8-13/h1-8,14,17H,9,16H2,(H,18,19)/t14-/m0/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| 4-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy)-L-phenylalanine | ChEBI | | O-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-L-tyrosine | ChEBI | | b-(p-Hydroxyphenoxy)phenylalanine | HMDB | | beta-(p-Hydroxyphenoxy)phenylalanine | HMDB | | Desiodothyroxine | HMDB | | O-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)tyrosine | HMDB | | Thyronine | HMDB | | Thyronines | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C15H15NO4 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 273.2839 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 273.100107973 |
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| IUPAC Name | (2S)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid |
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| Traditional Name | thyronine |
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| CAS Registry Number | 1596-67-4 |
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| SMILES | N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(O)=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C15H15NO4/c16-14(15(18)19)9-10-1-5-12(6-2-10)20-13-7-3-11(17)4-8-13/h1-8,14,17H,9,16H2,(H,18,19)/t14-/m0/s1 |
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| InChI Key | KKCIOUWDFWQUBT-AWEZNQCLSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylalanine and derivatives. Phenylalanine and derivatives are compounds containing phenylalanine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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| Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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| Direct Parent | Phenylalanine and derivatives |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Phenylalanine or derivatives
- Diphenylether
- Diaryl ether
- 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
- Amphetamine or derivatives
- Alpha-amino acid
- L-alpha-amino acid
- Phenol ether
- Phenoxy compound
- Aralkylamine
- Phenol
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Benzenoid
- Amino acid
- Carboxylic acid
- Ether
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Amine
- Organic oxide
- Primary amine
- Carbonyl group
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | 255 °C | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 2.74 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 10.6323 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 5.64 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 165.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1037.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 263.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 132.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 168.9 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 140.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 351.1 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 364.0 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 582.5 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 825.9 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 344.1 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 850.4 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 227.7 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 286.7 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 345.2 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 302.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 126.0 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| L-Thyronine,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@H](N)C(=O)O)C=C2)C=C1 | 2699.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1 | 2671.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,1TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O | 2749.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1 | 2640.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,2TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O | 2697.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,2TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2675.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,2TMS,isomer #4 | C[Si](C)(C)N([C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C | 2889.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2639.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2512.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 3000.8 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1 | 2821.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1 | 2620.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1 | 3124.3 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 2802.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 2637.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 3095.9 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,4TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 2805.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,4TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 2598.3 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,4TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 2897.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@H](N)C(=O)O)C=C2)C=C1 | 2978.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1 | 2945.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,1TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O | 3008.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1 | 3187.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O | 3268.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,2TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3205.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,2TBDMS,isomer #4 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N([C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3376.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3386.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3115.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3280.6 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1 | 3599.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1 | 3176.4 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1 | 3328.2 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3544.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3194.3 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3297.4 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,4TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3755.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,4TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3328.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | L-Thyronine,4TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3223.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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| Disease References | | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
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- Malin JP, Kodding R, Fuhrmann H, von zur Muhlen A: T4, T3 and rT3 levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol. 1989 Jan;236(1):57-9. [PubMed:2915230 ]
| | Hyperthyroidism |
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- Chopra IJ, Boado RJ, Geffner DL, Solomon DH: A radioimmunoassay for measurement of thyronine and its acetic acid analog in urine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988 Sep;67(3):480-7. [PubMed:3410934 ]
| | Chronic kidney disease |
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- Ramsden DB, Farmer M, Mohammed MN, McGonigle RS, Sheppard MC: 3,5-Diiodotyrosine and thyronine in the urine of patients with chronic renal disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1986 May;24(5):491-5. [PubMed:3098453 ]
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| General References | - Chopra IJ, Wu SY, Teco GN, Santini F: A radioimmunoassay for measurement of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine sulfate: studies in thyroidal and nonthyroidal diseases, pregnancy, and neonatal life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Jul;75(1):189-94. [PubMed:1619009 ]
- Malin JP, Kodding R, Fuhrmann H, von zur Muhlen A: T4, T3 and rT3 levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol. 1989 Jan;236(1):57-9. [PubMed:2915230 ]
- Lomo LC, Zhang F, McCormick DJ, Giraldo AA, David CS, Kong YC: Flexibility of the thyroiditogenic T cell repertoire for murine autoimmune thyroiditis in CD8-deficient (beta2m -/-) and T cell receptor Vbeta(c) congenic mice. Autoimmunity. 1998;27(3):127-33. [PubMed:9609129 ]
- LoPresti JS, Anderson KP, Nicoloff JT: Does a hidden pool of reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) production contribute to total thyroxine (T4) disposal in high T4 states in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990 May;70(5):1479-84. [PubMed:2335581 ]
- Ramsden DB, Farmer M, Mohammed MN, Willetts P: Mass spectral properties of volatile derivatives of thyronine (T0) and use of these in the study of thyronine excretion in eu-, hyper- and hypothyroidism. Biomed Mass Spectrom. 1984 Apr;11(4):193-8. [PubMed:6733255 ]
- Morell M, Fernandez-Guillien FJ, Lopez-Garcia JM: Levels of L-T3 in maternal and foetal compartments following experimental modifications of the maternal thyroid state in rats. Arch Int Physiol Biochim Biophys. 1994 Jan-Feb;102(1):1-3. [PubMed:7516725 ]
- Kohrle J: The deiodinase family: selenoenzymes regulating thyroid hormone availability and action. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2000 Dec;57(13-14):1853-63. [PubMed:11215512 ]
- Willetts P, Crossley DN, Ramsden DB, Hoffenberg R: The role of thyronine in thyroid hormone metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1979 Oct;49(4):658-60. doi: 10.1210/jcem-49-4-658. [PubMed:479355 ]
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