| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:15:36 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0001325 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine |
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| Description | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine is a methylated derivative of the amino acid lysine. It is a component of histone proteins, a precursor of carnitine and a coenzyme of fatty acid oxidation. N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine residues are found in a number of proteins and are generated by the action of S-adenosyl-L-methionine on exposed lysine residues. When trimethyllysine is released from cognate proteins via proteolysis, it serves as a precursor for carnitine biosynthesis. Mitochondrial 6-N-trimethyllysine dioxygenase converts 6-N-trimethyllysine to 3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine as the first step for carnitine biosynthesis. Because the subsequent carnitine biosynthesis enzymes are cytosolic, 3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine must be transported out of the mitochondria by a putative mitochondrial 6-N-trimethyllysine/3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine transporter system. Plasma -N-trimethyllysine concentrations are significantly lower in systemic carnitine deficiency patients compared to normal individuals, but no significant difference in urinary -N-trimethyllysine excretion is seen between the two groups. |
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| Structure | C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O InChI=1S/C9H20N2O2/c1-11(2,3)7-5-4-6-8(10)9(12)13/h8H,4-7,10H2,1-3H3/t8-/m0/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (S)-2-Amino-6-(trimethylammonio)hexanoate | HMDB | | (S)-2-Amino-6-(trimethylammonio)hexanoic acid | HMDB | | delta-Trimethyllysine | HMDB | | epsilon-N-Trimethyl-L-lysine | HMDB | | epsilon-Trimethyl-L-lysine | HMDB | | N(6),N(6),N(6)-Trimethyl-L-lysine | HMDB | | S)-5-Amino-5-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-pentanaminium | HMDB | | Trimethyllysine | HMDB | | 6-N-L-Trimethyl-L-lysine | HMDB | | epsilon-N-Trimethyl-lysine | HMDB | | TRIMETHYLLLYSINE | HMDB | | Trimethyllysine hydroxide, inner salt, (S)-isomer | HMDB | | Trimethyllysine, (+-)-isomer | HMDB | | Trimethyllysine hydroxide,inner salt, (+-)-isomer | HMDB | | Trimethyllysine chloride, (S)-isomer | HMDB | | (2S)-2-Amino-6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexanoic acid | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C9H20N2O2 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 188.2673 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 188.152477894 |
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| IUPAC Name | (2S)-2-amino-6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexanoate |
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| Traditional Name | n-trimethyllysine |
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| CAS Registry Number | 19253-88-4 |
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| SMILES | C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C9H20N2O2/c1-11(2,3)7-5-4-6-8(10)9(12)13/h8H,4-7,10H2,1-3H3/t8-/m0/s1 |
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| InChI Key | MXNRLFUSFKVQSK-QMMMGPOBSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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| Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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| Direct Parent | L-alpha-amino acids |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - L-alpha-amino acid
- Medium-chain fatty acid
- Amino fatty acid
- Fatty acyl
- Fatty acid
- Tetraalkylammonium salt
- Quaternary ammonium salt
- Carboxylic acid salt
- Amino acid
- Carboxylic acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Amine
- Organic zwitterion
- Organic salt
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary amine
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Ontology |
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| Not Available | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 1.22 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 9.2589 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 7.36 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 420.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 392.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 231.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 98.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 168.2 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 60.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 252.9 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 264.5 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 961.0 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 676.9 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 40.2 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 852.5 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 170.2 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 189.2 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 933.8 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 638.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 196.1 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@H](N[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-] | 1509.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@H](N[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-] | 1574.0 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@H](N[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-] | 1897.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1715.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1717.9 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1818.4 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CCCC[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-] | 1721.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CCCC[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-] | 1791.0 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@@H](CCCC[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-] | 1997.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N([C@@H](CCCC[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-])[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2144.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N([C@@H](CCCC[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-])[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2130.0 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N([C@@H](CCCC[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)[O-])[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1956.6 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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| Disease References | | Colorectal cancer |
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- Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
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| General References | - Terada N, Inoue F, Okochi M, Nakajima H, Kizaki Z, Kinugasa A, Sawada T: Measurement of carnitine precursors, epsilon-trimethyllysine and gamma-butyrobetaine in human serum by tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Aug 6;731(1):89-95. [PubMed:10491993 ]
- Inoue R, Miyake M, Kanazawa A, Sato M, Kakimoto Y: Decrease of 3-methylhistidine and increase of NG,NG-dimethylarginine in the urine of patients with muscular dystrophy. Metabolism. 1979 Aug;28(8):801-4. [PubMed:454517 ]
- Mizobuchi M, Miyake M, Sano A, Kakimoto Y: High concentration of free trimethyllysine in red blood cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 Feb 26;1033(2):119-23. [PubMed:2106342 ]
- Minkler PE, Erdos EA, Ingalls ST, Griffin RL, Hoppel CL: Improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of 6-N,N,N-trimethyllysine in plasma and urine: biomedical application of chromatographic figures of merit and amine mobile phase modifiers. J Chromatogr. 1986 Aug 2;380(2):285-99. [PubMed:3093513 ]
- Lehman LJ, Olson AL, Rebouche CJ: Measurement of epsilon-N-trimethyllysine in human blood plasma and urine. Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):137-42. [PubMed:3111294 ]
- Park KS, Lee HW, Hong SY, Shin S, Kim S, Paik WK: Determination of methylated amino acids in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1988 May 25;440:225-30. [PubMed:3136187 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
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