| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2006-08-13 23:57:32 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:49:21 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0004670 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0010223
- HMDB04670
- HMDB10223
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | alpha-Dimorphecolic acid |
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| Description | alpha-Dimorphecolic acid or 9(S)-HODE is an endogenous fatty acid (PPAR)gamma agonist synthesized in the body from linoleic acid. alpha-Dimorphecolic acid activates peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)gamma in human endothelial cells increasing plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) is a major physiological inhibitor of fibrinolysis, with its plasma levels correlating with the risk for myocardial infarction and venous thrombosis. The regulation of PAI-1 transcription by endothelial cells (ECs), a major source of PAI-1, remains incompletely understood. Adipocytes also produce PAI-1, suggesting possible common regulatory pathways between adipocytes and ECs. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)gamma is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to various mediators such as 15-deoxy-delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) and oxidized linoleic acid (9- and 13-HODE). alpha-Dimorphecolic acid is a ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor G2A (PMID: 10073956 , 16647253 , 16236715 ). alpha-Dimorphecolic acid inhibits the proliferation of NHEK cells by suppressing DNA synthesis and arresting the cell cycle in the G0/1-phase. alpha-Dimorphecolic acid-G2A signalling plays proinflammatory roles in the skin under oxidative conditions (PMID: 18034171 ). |
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| Structure | CCCCC\C=C/C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O InChI=1S/C18H32O3/c1-2-3-4-5-6-8-11-14-17(19)15-12-9-7-10-13-16-18(20)21/h6,8,11,14,17,19H,2-5,7,9-10,12-13,15-16H2,1H3,(H,20,21)/b8-6-,14-11+/t17-/m1/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (10E,12Z)-(9S)-9-Hydroxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid | ChEBI | | (9S)-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid | ChEBI | | (9S)-Hydroxyoctadecadinoiec acid | ChEBI | | (10E,12Z)-(9S)-9-Hydroxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoate | Generator | | (9S)-Hydroxyoctadecadienoate | Generator | | a-Dimorphecolate | Generator | | a-Dimorphecolic acid | Generator | | alpha-Dimorphecolate | Generator | | Α-dimorphecolate | Generator | | Α-dimorphecolic acid | Generator | | (9S,10E,12Z)-9-Hydroxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoate | HMDB | | (9S,10E,12Z)-9-Hydroxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid | HMDB | | 9(S)-HODE | HMDB | | 9S-Hydroxy-10E,12Z-octadecadienoate | HMDB | | 9S-Hydroxy-10E,12Z-octadecadienoic acid | HMDB | | alpha-Dimorphecolic | HMDB | | [S-(e,Z)]-9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoate | HMDB | | [S-(e,Z)]-9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, (R-(e,Z))-isomer | HMDB | | 9-HODE | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, (e,Z)-isomer | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, (S-(e,Z))-isomer | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxylinoleic acid | HMDB | | Dimorphecolic acid | HMDB | | 9-OH-18:2DElta(10t,12t) | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, (e,e)-(+-)-isomer | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, (e,e)-isomer | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, (e,Z)-(+-)-isomer | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid | HMDB | | 9S-HOD acid | HMDB | | (+)-alpha-Dimorphecolic acid | HMDB | | (+)-Α-dimorphecolic acid | HMDB | | (10E,12Z)-9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid | HMDB | | (9S,10E,12Z)-9-Hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid | HMDB | | (±)-alpha-dimorphecolic acid | HMDB | | (±)-α-dimorphecolic acid | HMDB | | 9-(e,Z)-HODE | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10(e),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid | HMDB | | 9-Hydroxy-10-trans,12-cis-octadecadienoic acid | HMDB | | 9S-HODE | HMDB | | alpha-Dimorphecolic acid | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C18H32O3 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 296.4449 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 296.23514489 |
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| IUPAC Name | (9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid |
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| Traditional Name | α-dimorphecolic |
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| CAS Registry Number | 73543-67-6 |
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| SMILES | CCCCC\C=C/C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C18H32O3/c1-2-3-4-5-6-8-11-14-17(19)15-12-9-7-10-13-16-18(20)21/h6,8,11,14,17,19H,2-5,7,9-10,12-13,15-16H2,1H3,(H,20,21)/b8-6-,14-11+/t17-/m1/s1 |
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| InChI Key | NPDSHTNEKLQQIJ-UINYOVNOSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as lineolic acids and derivatives. These are derivatives of lineolic acid. Lineolic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 18 carbon long fatty acid, with two CC double bonds at the 9- and 12-positions. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Fatty Acyls |
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| Sub Class | Lineolic acids and derivatives |
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| Direct Parent | Lineolic acids and derivatives |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Octadecanoid
- Long-chain fatty acid
- Hydroxy fatty acid
- Fatty acid
- Unsaturated fatty acid
- Secondary alcohol
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Carboxylic acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organic oxide
- Organic oxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Carbonyl group
- Organooxygen compound
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 9.1 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 19.7736 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 1.06 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 35.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2898.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 444.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 203.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 239.2 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 553.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 881.6 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 602.9 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 100.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1896.7 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 590.5 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1642.0 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 666.3 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 459.8 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 404.2 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 480.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 8.1 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| alpha-Dimorphecolic acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC/C=C\C=C\[C@H](CCCCCCCC(=O)O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2533.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | alpha-Dimorphecolic acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | CCCCC/C=C\C=C\[C@@H](O)CCCCCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2480.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | alpha-Dimorphecolic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC/C=C\C=C\[C@H](CCCCCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2544.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | alpha-Dimorphecolic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC/C=C\C=C\[C@H](CCCCCCCC(=O)O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2777.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | alpha-Dimorphecolic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CCCCC/C=C\C=C\[C@@H](O)CCCCCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2724.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | alpha-Dimorphecolic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC/C=C\C=C\[C@H](CCCCCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3044.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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| General References | - Marx N, Bourcier T, Sukhova GK, Libby P, Plutzky J: PPARgamma activation in human endothelial cells increases plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression: PPARgamma as a potential mediator in vascular disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999 Mar;19(3):546-51. [PubMed:10073956 ]
- Hampel JK, Brownrigg LM, Vignarajah D, Croft KD, Dharmarajan AM, Bentel JM, Puddey IB, Yeap BB: Differential modulation of cell cycle, apoptosis and PPARgamma2 gene expression by PPARgamma agonists ciglitazone and 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid in monocytic cells. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 May;74(5):283-93. Epub 2006 May 2. [PubMed:16647253 ]
- Obinata H, Hattori T, Nakane S, Tatei K, Izumi T: Identification of 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid and other oxidized free fatty acids as ligands of the G protein-coupled receptor G2A. J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 9;280(49):40676-83. Epub 2005 Oct 19. [PubMed:16236715 ]
- Hattori T, Obinata H, Ogawa A, Kishi M, Tatei K, Ishikawa O, Izumi T: G2A plays proinflammatory roles in human keratinocytes under oxidative stress as a receptor for 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid. J Invest Dermatol. 2008 May;128(5):1123-33. Epub 2007 Nov 22. [PubMed:18034171 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
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