| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Expected but not Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:51:45 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0014804 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Nafarelin |
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| Description | Nafarelin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a potent synthetic agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone with 3-(2-naphthyl)-D-alanine substitution at residue 6. Nafarelin has been used in the treatments of central precocious puberty and endometriosis. [PubChem]Like GnRH, initial or intermittent administration of nafarelin stimulates release of the gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland, which in turn transiently increases production of estradiol in females and testosterone in both sexes. However, with continuous daily administration, nafarelin continuously occupies the GnRH receptor, leading to a reversible down-regulation of the GnRH receptors in the pituitary gland and desensitization of the pituitary gonadotropes. This causes a significant and sustained decline in the production of LH and FSH. A decline in gonadotropin production and release causes a dramatic reversible decrease in synthesis of estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone by the ovaries or testes. Like normal endometrium, endometriotic implants contain estrogen receptors. Estrogen stimulates the growth of endometrium. Use of nafarelin induces anovulation and amenorrhea and decreases serum concentrations of estradiol to the postmenopausal range, which induces atrophy of endometriotic implants. However, nafarelin does not abolish the underlying pathophysiology of endometriosis. In children with central precocious puberty receiving nafarelin, serum LH, testosterone, and estradiol concentrations return to prepubertal levels. This results in the supression of secondary sexual characteristics and decrased rate of linear growth and skeletal maturation. Following disconinuation of nafarelin, the effects of the drug is reversed, meaning FSH and LH concentrations usually return to pretreatment levels. |
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| Structure | CC(C)CC(NC(=O)C(CC1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1)NC(=O)C(CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12)NC(=O)C(CC1=CNC=N1)NC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)NCC(N)=O InChI=1S/C66H83N17O13/c1-36(2)25-48(58(89)76-47(13-7-23-71-66(68)69)65(96)83-24-8-14-54(83)64(95)73-33-55(67)86)77-60(91)50(28-38-15-18-39-9-3-4-10-40(39)26-38)78-59(90)49(27-37-16-19-43(85)20-17-37)79-63(94)53(34-84)82-61(92)51(29-41-31-72-45-12-6-5-11-44(41)45)80-62(93)52(30-42-32-70-35-74-42)81-57(88)46-21-22-56(87)75-46/h3-6,9-12,15-20,26,31-32,35-36,46-54,72,84-85H,7-8,13-14,21-25,27-30,33-34H2,1-2H3,(H2,67,86)(H,70,74)(H,73,95)(H,75,87)(H,76,89)(H,77,91)(H,78,90)(H,79,94)(H,80,93)(H,81,88)(H,82,92)(H4,68,69,71) |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| Nafarelin acetate | HMDB | | Nafarelin acetate, hydrate | HMDB | | Synarel | HMDB | | Nafarelin monoacetate | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C66H83N17O13 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 1322.4713 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 1321.635625827 |
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| IUPAC Name | N-(5-carbamimidamido-1-{2-[(carbamoylmethyl)carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl}-1-oxopentan-2-yl)-2-{2-[2-(3-hydroxy-2-{2-[3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-[(5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl)formamido]propanamido]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanamido}propanamido)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamido]-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)propanamido}-4-methylpentanamide |
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| Traditional Name | nafarelin |
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| CAS Registry Number | 76932-56-4 |
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| SMILES | CC(C)CC(NC(=O)C(CC1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1)NC(=O)C(CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12)NC(=O)C(CC1=CNC=N1)NC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)NCC(N)=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C66H83N17O13/c1-36(2)25-48(58(89)76-47(13-7-23-71-66(68)69)65(96)83-24-8-14-54(83)64(95)73-33-55(67)86)77-60(91)50(28-38-15-18-39-9-3-4-10-40(39)26-38)78-59(90)49(27-37-16-19-43(85)20-17-37)79-63(94)53(34-84)82-61(92)51(29-41-31-72-45-12-6-5-11-44(41)45)80-62(93)52(30-42-32-70-35-74-42)81-57(88)46-21-22-56(87)75-46/h3-6,9-12,15-20,26,31-32,35-36,46-54,72,84-85H,7-8,13-14,21-25,27-30,33-34H2,1-2H3,(H2,67,86)(H,70,74)(H,73,95)(H,75,87)(H,76,89)(H,77,91)(H,78,90)(H,79,94)(H,80,93)(H,81,88)(H,82,92)(H4,68,69,71) |
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| InChI Key | RWHUEXWOYVBUCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as polypeptides. These are peptides containing ten or more amino acid residues. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organic Polymers |
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| Class | Polypeptides |
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| Sub Class | Not Available |
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| Direct Parent | Polypeptides |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Polypeptide
- Alpha peptide
- Tyrosine or derivatives
- Phenylalanine or derivatives
- Histidine or derivatives
- Leucine or derivatives
- N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives
- Proline or derivatives
- Alpha-amino acid amide
- Triptan
- Serine or derivatives
- N-substituted-alpha-amino acid
- 3-alkylindole
- Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
- Naphthalene
- Amphetamine or derivatives
- Indole or derivatives
- Indole
- Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives
- N-acylpyrrolidine
- Pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
- Phenol
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Fatty amide
- N-acyl-amine
- Fatty acyl
- Benzenoid
- Substituted pyrrole
- Pyrrolidone
- 2-pyrrolidone
- Azole
- Pyrrolidine
- Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
- Pyrrole
- Imidazole
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Primary carboxylic acid amide
- Carboxamide group
- Guanidine
- Lactam
- Secondary carboxylic acid amide
- Carboximidamide
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Azacycle
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Carbonyl group
- Organopnictogen compound
- Alcohol
- Primary alcohol
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Imine
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | 0.017 g/L | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross Sections| Predictor | Adduct Type | CCS Value (Å2) | Reference |
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| DeepCCS | [M-2H]- | 384.01 | 30932474 | | DeepCCS | [M+Na]+ | 357.789 | 30932474 |
Predicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 0.97 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 16.4247 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 6.04 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 289.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2689.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 159.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 283.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 206.5 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 171.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 488.3 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 559.8 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 1569.3 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1070.6 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 792.6 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1965.8 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 394.7 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 505.9 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 316.0 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 711.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 26.0 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesNot Available |
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| MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00dr-9037302120-f0facb1967d30439597d | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9011200000-e32adcd953ac1c721212 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00e9-9011100000-0e896538a04b95abd857 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0ukc-2194100000-e5cb37d2eafc7e73ef96 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-11b9-6595010100-3cfda325f415bde10f61 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-052f-9410011130-eb97257a1937988394bc | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0kg9-0017900031-0ad2341a5a6f67386398 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0abd-1133910111-a355010b703bbfdcb57f | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0pbl-1611920110-b8ca31d70aed9fbf9a0e | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00dl-1109300000-0c7604e46e8e28bdf55f | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0fkl-3829202140-80a733fe94b1819e25e8 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafarelin 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0096-5911304005-08b37dbd696b4e3af318 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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