| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2012-09-11 20:02:11 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:24:36 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0035093 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | D-Citronellol |
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| Description | Citronellol is formally classified as alkylalcohol although it is biochemically a monoterpenoid as it is synthesized from isoprene units. Citronellol is a neutral compound. It is a naturally occurring organic compound found in cannabis plants (PMID:6991645 ). Citronellol occurs in many essential oils as either - or + enantiomers. -Citronellol is found in the oils of rose (18-55%) and Pelargonium geraniums while + citronellol is found in citronella oils extracted from the leaves and stems of Cymbopogon nardus or citronella grass. Citronellol has a citrus, floral, and geranium taste with a floral leathery waxy rose citrus odor ( Ref:DOI). It is used in perfumery to add scents to soaps and incense. It is an insect repellent that repels mosquitos at short distances (PMID:2862274 ). Citronellol is found in highest concentrations in gingers, sweet basils, and winter savories and in lower concentrations in highbush blueberries, bilberries, and cardamoms. Citronellol has also been detected in blackcurrants, fennels, evergreen blackberries, herbs and spices, and nutmegs making citronellol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Citronellol has promising pharmacological activities (PMID:30453001 ) against human lung cancer (PMID:31280209 ), against induced rat breast cancer (PMID:31313341 ), has antifungal activity against Candida species (PMID:32150884 ) and has anti-hypertensive properties (PMID:26872991 ). |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C10H20O/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11/h5,10-11H,4,6-8H2,1-3H3/t10-/m1/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (R)-(+)-Citronellol | Kegg | | (+)-beta-Citronellol | HMDB | | (+)-R-Citronellol | HMDB | | (3R)-3,7-Dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol | HMDB | | (R)-(+)-beta -Citronellol | HMDB | | (R)-(+)-beta-Citronellol | HMDB | | (R)-3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol | HMDB | | (R)-3,7-Dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol | HMDB | | 3,7-Dimethyl-(3R)-6-octen-1-ol | HMDB | | 3,7-Dimethyl-(R)-6-octen-1-ol | HMDB | | Citronellol, (+-)-isomer | MeSH, HMDB | | Citronellol | MeSH, HMDB | | Citronellol, (R)-isomer | MeSH, HMDB | | Citronellol, (S)-isomer | MeSH, HMDB | | Citronellol, titanium (+4) salt | MeSH, HMDB | | b-Citronellol | Generator, HMDB | | Β-citronellol | Generator, HMDB | | (+)-(R)-Citronellol | HMDB | | (+)-Citronellol | HMDB | | (+)-β-Citronellol | HMDB | | (3R)-(+)-beta-Citronellol | HMDB | | (3R)-(+)-β-Citronellol | HMDB | | (3R)-3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol | HMDB | | (R)-(+)-3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol | HMDB | | (R)-(+)-β-Citronellol | HMDB | | (R)-Citronellol | HMDB | | (R)-beta-Citronellol | HMDB | | (R)-β-Citronellol | HMDB | | D-Citronellol | HMDB | | d-Citronellol | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C10H20O |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 156.2652 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 156.151415262 |
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| IUPAC Name | (3R)-3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol |
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| Traditional Name | β-citronellol |
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| CAS Registry Number | 1117-61-9 |
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| SMILES | C[C@@H](CCO)CCC=C(C)C |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C10H20O/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11/h5,10-11H,4,6-8H2,1-3H3/t10-/m1/s1 |
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| InChI Key | QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-SNVBAGLBSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Prenol lipids |
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| Sub Class | Monoterpenoids |
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| Direct Parent | Acyclic monoterpenoids |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Acyclic monoterpenoid
- Fatty alcohol
- Fatty acyl
- Organic oxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary alcohol
- Organooxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 5.93 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 13.6671 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 2.84 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 24.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2177.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 403.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 158.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 219.5 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 132.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 531.3 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 558.7 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 69.5 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1131.5 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 429.2 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1162.2 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 378.6 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 352.4 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 325.1 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 389.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 9.0 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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| Spectra |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0296-9400000000-ba08b011d6d2fa548e82 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0ir0-9620000000-5dec8fa14f289a16a8b8 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-015c-9000000000-dfb40ffb3fb172759b4f | 2015-03-01 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-052r-1900000000-9f559c6b6bae07c69978 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-052r-8900000000-f8c3d1ff7e6f87d6e43d | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-066u-9100000000-8ae7fa4f01b76f1eed16 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-82f8313ff8eb7c68242b | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-056r-0900000000-de94d5335c77bdb5afcf | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a6u-9800000000-b04acf4b20ad46274796 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-f6034c6a8245c68a37ac | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0ab9-0900000000-4432dcd3f704b4a61b30 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-9400000000-fe45ce059cb434ed5e0c | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-05o0-9200000000-e66f9e249b523e6771bb | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-053r-9000000000-6e0012cc1ab177db56c0 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Citronellol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-97567d47518fef28ec28 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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IR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | |
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Feces | Detected and Quantified | 0-17960.919 nmol/g wet feces | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Feces | Detected and Quantified | 0-717668.852 nmol/g wet feces | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Treated celiac disease | | details |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | | Celiac disease |
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- Di Cagno R, De Angelis M, De Pasquale I, Ndagijimana M, Vernocchi P, Ricciuti P, Gagliardi F, Laghi L, Crecchio C, Guerzoni ME, Gobbetti M, Francavilla R: Duodenal and faecal microbiota of celiac children: molecular, phenotype and metabolome characterization. BMC Microbiol. 2011 Oct 4;11:219. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-11-219. [PubMed:21970810 ]
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| Associated OMIM IDs | |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | FDB013722 |
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| KNApSAcK ID | C00003038 |
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| Chemspider ID | 92127 |
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| KEGG Compound ID | C09849 |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | Citronellol |
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| METLIN ID | Not Available |
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| PubChem Compound | 101977 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 10360 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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| Good Scents ID | rw1056991 |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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| General References | - Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
- Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
- Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
- Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
- Turner CE, Elsohly MA, Boeren EG: Constituents of Cannabis sativa L. XVII. A review of the natural constituents. J Nat Prod. 1980 Mar-Apr;43(2):169-234. doi: 10.1021/np50008a001. [PubMed:6991645 ]
- Taylor WG, Schreck CE: Chiral-phase capillary gas chromatography and mosquito repellent activity of some oxazolidine derivatives of (+)- and (-)-citronellol. J Pharm Sci. 1985 May;74(5):534-9. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600740508. [PubMed:2862274 ]
- Santos PL, Matos JPSCF, Picot L, Almeida JRGS, Quintans JSS, Quintans-Junior LJ: Citronellol, a monoterpene alcohol with promising pharmacological activities - A systematic review. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Jan;123:459-469. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.030. Epub 2018 Nov 16. [PubMed:30453001 ]
- Yu WN, Lai YJ, Ma JW, Ho CT, Hung SW, Chen YH, Chen CT, Kao JY, Way TD: Citronellol Induces Necroptosis of Human Lung Cancer Cells via TNF-alpha Pathway and Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation. In Vivo. 2019 Jul-Aug;33(4):1193-1201. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11590. [PubMed:31280209 ]
- Rajendran J, Pachaiappan P, Subramaniyan S: Dose-dependent chemopreventive effects of citronellol in DMBA-induced breast cancer among rats. Drug Dev Res. 2019 Sep;80(6):867-876. doi: 10.1002/ddr.21570. Epub 2019 Jul 16. [PubMed:31313341 ]
- Silva D, Diniz-Neto H, Cordeiro L, Silva-Neta M, Silva S, Andrade-Junior F, Leite M, Nobrega J, Morais M, Souza J, Rosa L, Melo T, Souza H, Sousa A, Rodrigues G, Oliveira-Filho A, Lima E: (R)-(+)-beta-Citronellol and (S)-(-)-beta-Citronellol in Combination with Amphotericin B against Candida Spp. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Mar 5;21(5). pii: ijms21051785. doi: 10.3390/ijms21051785. [PubMed:32150884 ]
- Ribeiro-Filho HV, de Souza Silva CM, de Siqueira RJ, Lahlou S, dos Santos AA, Magalhaes PJ: Biphasic cardiovascular and respiratory effects induced by beta-citronellol. Eur J Pharmacol. 2016 Mar 15;775:96-105. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.02.025. Epub 2016 Feb 9. [PubMed:26872991 ]
- (). Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.. .
- Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.
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