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Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:14:48 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000408
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00408
Metabolite Identification
Common Name2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid
Description2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid is a metabolite of beta-leucine in the beta-keto pathway of leucine metabolism. 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid is a known pathological metabolite and associated with propionic acidemia, especially during periods of ketoacidosis; a severe deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase in cultured fibroblasts has been detected in some neonatal cases. (PMID 7389125 , 6820422 , 7119896 , 7430116 , 3356699 ). 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid induces a strong activity of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH; the rate-limiting enzyme in GTP synthesis), mimicking glucose. (PMID: 11145582 ).
Structure
Data?1676999688
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-Methyl-3-oxo-pentanoic acidChEBI
2-Methyl-3-oxovaleric acidChEBI
beta-Ketoisocaproic acidChEBI
2-Methyl-3-oxo-pentanoateGenerator
2-Methyl-3-oxovalerateGenerator
b-KetoisocaproateGenerator
b-Ketoisocaproic acidGenerator
beta-KetoisocaproateGenerator
Β-ketoisocaproateGenerator
Β-ketoisocaproic acidGenerator
2-Methyl-3-ketovalerateGenerator
Chemical FormulaC6H10O3
Average Molecular Weight130.1418
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight130.062994186
IUPAC Name2-methyl-3-oxopentanoic acid
Traditional Name2-methyl-3-oxovaleric acid
CAS Registry Number14925-93-0
SMILES
CCC(=O)C(C)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C6H10O3/c1-3-5(7)4(2)6(8)9/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)
InChI KeyQTLYPQZWYOHATR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain keto acids and derivatives. These are keto acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassKeto acids and derivatives
Sub ClassShort-chain keto acids and derivatives
Direct ParentShort-chain keto acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Beta-keto acid
  • Branched fatty acid
  • Methyl-branched fatty acid
  • Short-chain keto acid
  • Beta-hydroxy ketone
  • Fatty acyl
  • 1,3-dicarbonyl compound
  • Ketone
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility30 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility60.6 g/LALOGPS
logP0.72ALOGPS
logP1.24ChemAxon
logS-0.33ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.32ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-7.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area54.37 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity31.74 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability12.95 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+128.01731661259
DarkChem[M-H]-124.16531661259
AllCCS[M+H]+131.17632859911
AllCCS[M-H]-128.15232859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+126.5330932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-123.58230932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-160.15430932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+135.09630932474
AllCCS[M+H]+131.232859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+127.032859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+135.132859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+136.232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-128.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-130.932859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-134.032859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acidCCC(=O)C(C)C(O)=O2087.1Standard polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acidCCC(=O)C(C)C(O)=O1003.0Standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acidCCC(=O)C(C)C(O)=O1098.8Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,1TMS,isomer #1CCC(=O)C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1141.2Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,1TMS,isomer #2CCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)O1263.4Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,1TMS,isomer #3CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)C(=O)O1249.1Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TMS,isomer #1CCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1343.2Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TMS,isomer #1CCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1313.7Standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TMS,isomer #1CCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1318.8Standard polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TMS,isomer #2CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1300.4Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TMS,isomer #2CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1262.0Standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TMS,isomer #2CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1352.7Standard polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCC(=O)C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1363.0Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2CCC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)O1483.0Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #3CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)C(=O)O1482.6Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1767.8Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1744.7Standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1657.7Standard polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1720.4Semi standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1726.1Standard non polar33892256
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1669.4Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0a4i-9100000000-7fc8c1cd090e8a94323b2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00g3-8900000000-6b17fb77410d2c11984c2017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-001i-2900000000-b53ef30491933435a7492012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-001i-4900000000-3c46dc3d99a57de6904e2012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-001i-6900000000-ed7da1f432da0405f0b92012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-01qi-4900000000-a3f116ad9911c34a5e5a2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-01p9-9300000000-b6eb6753b3767b8c43542017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-056r-9000000000-daaf55f6c5e553cfd6182017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-5900000000-429ffb363a166c7cfbb62017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-9000000000-4e936ea24083981286fe2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0aor-9000000000-fb4f1d84bfa6c035eded2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0570-9400000000-6cd1f5166260e1e67f842021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-23eebb53587356e31ba22021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4l-9000000000-632e2ff5b89ffa46bd282021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kr-9000000000-67c35a311d3242dc41d62021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-2d27a7ba4efbf949e5e62021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-066r-9000000000-3c066192b61f5dc1f39f2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Experimental 2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-05Wishart LabView Spectrum

IR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified<2 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 18 years old)Both
Normal
    • BC Children's Hos...
details
UrineDetected and Quantified1.1(0.8-1.3) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
  1. Gronwald W, Klein MS, Zeltner R, Schulze BD, Reinhold SW, Deutschmann M, Immervoll AK, Boger CA, Banas B, Eckardt KU, Oefner PJ: Detection of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease by NMR spectroscopic fingerprinting of urine. Kidney Int. 2011 Jun;79(11):1244-53. doi: 10.1038/ki.2011.30. Epub 2011 Mar 9. [PubMed:21389975 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 601313 (Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease)
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022024
KNApSAcK IDC00052124
Chemspider ID164251
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN ID5397
PubChem Compound189028
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID86365
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceHirai, Yasuhiro; Aida, Takuzo; Inoue, Shohei. Artificial photosynthesis of b-ketocarboxylic acids from carbon dioxide and ketones via enolate complexes of aluminum porphyrin. , Journal of the American Chemical Society (1989), 111(8), 3062-3.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Kuhara T, Shinka T, Matsuo M, Matsumoto I: Increased excretion of lactate, glutarate, 3-hydroxyisovalerate and 3-methylglutaconate during clinical episodes of propionic acidemia. Clin Chim Acta. 1982 Aug 4;123(1-2):101-9. [PubMed:7116632 ]
  2. Kuhara T, Matsumoto I: Studies on the urinary acidic metabolites from three patients with methylmalonic aciduria. Biomed Mass Spectrom. 1980 Oct;7(10):424-8. [PubMed:6111361 ]
  3. Lehnert W, Junker A: [2-Methyl-3-oxovaleric acid: a characteristic metabolite in propionic acidemia]. Clin Chim Acta. 1980 May 21;104(1):47-51. [PubMed:7389125 ]
  4. Stabler SP, Lindenbaum J, Allen RH: Failure to detect beta-leucine in human blood or leucine 2,3-aminomutase in rat liver using capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Biol Chem. 1988 Apr 25;263(12):5581-8. [PubMed:3356699 ]
  5. DelValle JA, Merinero B, Jimenez A, Garcia MJ, Ugarte M, Omenaca F, Neustadt G, Quero J: Dietary treatment and biochemical studies on a neonatal case of propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1982;5(2):121-4. [PubMed:6820422 ]
  6. Boebel KP, Baker DH: Comparative utilization of the alpha-keto and D- and L-alpha-hydroxy analogs of leucine, isoleucine and valine by chicks and rats. J Nutr. 1982 Oct;112(10):1929-39. [PubMed:7119896 ]
  7. Poston JM: Cobalamin-dependent formation of leucine and beta-leucine by rat and human tissue. Changes in pernicious anemia. J Biol Chem. 1980 Nov 10;255(21):10067-72. [PubMed:7430116 ]
  8. Metz S, Holland S, Johnson L, Espling E, Rabaglia M, Segu V, Brockenbrough JS, Tran PO: Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase is required for mitogenic competence of transformed pancreatic beta cells. Endocrinology. 2001 Jan;142(1):193-204. [PubMed:11145582 ]
  9. Brunk E, Sahoo S, Zielinski DC, Altunkaya A, Drager A, Mih N, Gatto F, Nilsson A, Preciat Gonzalez GA, Aurich MK, Prlic A, Sastry A, Danielsdottir AD, Heinken A, Noronha A, Rose PW, Burley SK, Fleming RMT, Nielsen J, Thiele I, Palsson BO: Recon3D enables a three-dimensional view of gene variation in human metabolism. Nat Biotechnol. 2018 Mar;36(3):272-281. doi: 10.1038/nbt.4072. Epub 2018 Feb 19. [PubMed:29457794 ]