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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Indoleacetaldehyde (HMDB01190)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2009-05-05 20:58:35
Accession Number HMDB01190
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name Indoleacetaldehyde
Description Indoleacetaldehyde is a substrate for Retina-specific copper amine oxidase, Aldehyde dehydrogenase X (mitochondrial), Amine oxidase B, Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase, Aldehyde dehydrogenase (mitochondrial), Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase, 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase, Aldehyde dehydrogenase (dimeric NADP-preferring), Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1, Amine oxidase A, Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 and Membrane copper amine oxidase.
Synonyms
  1. 1H-Indol-3-ylacetaldehyde
  2. 1H-indole-3-acetaldehyde
  3. 2-(3-Indolyl)acetaldehyde
  4. 2-(indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde
  5. Indol-3-ylacetaldehyde
  6. Indoleacetaldehyde
  7. Tryptaldehyde
  8. indole-3-acetaldehyde
Chemical IUPAC Name 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde
Chemical Formula C10H9NO
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Heterocyclic molecules
Class
  • Indoles and Indole Derivatives
Sub Class
  • Miscellaneous Indoles
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • aldehyde
  • aromatic compound
  • heterocyclic compound
Biofunction
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 159.185
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 159.068420
Isomeric SMILES O=CCC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12
Canonical SMILES O=CCC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12
KEGG Compound ID C00637 Link Image
BioCyc ID INDOLE_ACETALDEHYDE Link Image
BiGG ID 35561 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Not Available
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01190 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB01190 Link Image
METLIN ID 6068 Link Image
PubChem Compound 800 Link Image
PubChem Substance 3910 Link Image
ChEBI ID 18086 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 2591-98-2
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C10H9NO/c12-6-5-8-7-11-10-4-2-1-3-9(8)10/h1-4,6-7,11H,5H2
Synthesis Reference Gray, Reed A. Preparation and properties of 3-indoleacetaldehyde. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics (1959), 81 480-8.
Melting Point (Experimental) Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 1.01 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge 0
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity 2.32 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; 1.9 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Not Available
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum Not Available
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm
  • mitochondria
Biofluid Location Not Available
Tissue Location Not Available
Concentrations (Normal) Not Available
Concentrations (Abnormal) Not Available
Associated Disorders Not Available
OMIM ID Not Available
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Tryptophan Metabolism SMP00063 Link Image map00380 Link Image
General References
  1. Tottmar O, Hellstrom E: Aldehyde dehydrogenase in blood: a sensitive assay and inhibition by disulfiram. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983;18 Suppl 1:103-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
  2. Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
  3. 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
  4. Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
  5. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3
  6. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  7. Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
  8. Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial
  9. Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]
  10. cDNA, FLJ93072, Homo sapiens monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA (Monoamine oxidase B, isoform CRA_a)
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5393
Enzyme 1 Name Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. Monoamine oxidase type B
  2. MAO-B
Enzyme 1 Gene Name MAOB
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
MSNKCDVVVVGGGISGMAAAKLLHDSGLNVVVLEARDRVGGRTYTLRNQKVKYVDLGGSY
VGPTQNRILRLAKELGLETYKVNEVERLIHHVKGKSYPFRGPFPPVWNPITYLDHNNFWR
TMDDMGREIPSDAPWKAPLAEEWDNMTMKELLDKLCWTESAKQLATLFVNLCVTAETHEV
SALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIISTTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDRVKLERPVIYIDQ
TRENVLVETLNHEMYEAKYVISAIPPTLGMKIHFNPPLPMMRNQMITRVPLGSVIKCIVY
YKEPFWRKKDYCGTMIIDGEEAPVAYTLDDTKPEGNYAAIMGFILAHKARKLARLTKEER
LKKLCELYAKVLGSLEALEPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTTYFPPGILTQYGRVLRQPVDR
IYFAGTETATHWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREILHAMGKIPEDEIWQSEPESVDVPAQPITTT
FLERHLPSVPGLLRLIGLTTIFSATALGFLAHKRGLLVRV
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 520
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 58762.5
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 7.55
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 1 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOB preferentially degrades benzylamine and phenylethylamine
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2 [RN:R01853]
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • 490-516
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P27338 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AOFB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID 2BK3 Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB File Show
Enzyme 1 3D Structure
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >1560 bp
ATGAGCAACAAATGCGACGTGGTCGTGGTGGGGGGCGGCATCTCAGGTATGGCAGCAGCC
AAACTTCTGCATGACTCTGGACTGAATGTGGTTGTTCTGGAAGCCCGGGACCGTGTGGGA
GGCAGGACTTACACTCTTAGGAACCAAAAGGTTAAATATGTGGACCTTGGAGGATCCTAT
GTTGGACCAACCCAGAATCGTATCTTGAGATTAGCCAAGGAGCTAGGATTGGAGACCTAC
AAAGTGAATGAGGTTGAGCGTCTGATCCACCATGTAAAGGGCAAATCATACCCCTTCAGG
GGGCCATTCCCACCTGTATGGAATCCAATTACCTACTTAGATCATAACAACTTTTGGAGG
ACAATGGATGACATGGGGCGAGAGATTCCGAGTGATGCCCCATGGAAGGCTCCCCTTGCA
GAAGAGTGGGACAACATGACAATGAAGGAGCTACTGGACAAGCTCTGCTGGACTGAATCT
GCAAAGCAGCTTGCCACTCTCTTTGTGAACCTGTGTGTCACTGCAGAGACCCATGAGGTC
TCTGCTCTCTGGTTCCTGTGGTATGTGAAGCAGTGTGGAGGCACAACAAGAATCATCTCG
ACAACAAATGGAGGACAGGAGAGGAAATTTGTGGGCGGATCTGGTCAAGTGAGTGAGCGG
ATAATGGACCTCCTTGGAGACCGAGTGAAGCTGGAGAGGCCTGTGATCTACATTGACCAG
ACAAGAGAAAATGTCCTTGTGGAGACCCTAAACCATGAGATGTATGAGGCTAAATATGTG
ATTAGTGCTATTCCTCCTACTCTGGGCATGAAGATTCACTTCAATCCCCCTCTGCCAATG
ATGAGAAACCAGATGATCACTCGTGTGCCTTTGGGTTCAGTCATCAAGTGTATAGTTTAT
TATAAAGAGCCTTTCTGGAGGAAAAAGGATTACTGTGGAACCATGATTATTGATGGAGAA
GAAGCTCCAGTTGCCTACACGTTGGATGATACCAAACCTGAAGGCAACTATGCTGCCATA
ATGGGATTTATCCTGGCCCACAAAGCCAGAAAACTGGCACGTCTTACCAAAGAGGAAAGG
TTGAAGAAACTTTGTGAACTCTATGCCAAGGTTCTGGGTTCCCTAGAAGCTCTGGAGCCA
GTGCATTATGAAGAAAAGAACTGGTGTGAGGAGCAGTACTCTGGGGGCTGCTACACAACT
TATTTCCCCCCTGGGATCCTGACTCAATATGGAAGGGTTCTACGCCAGCCAGTGGACAGG
ATTTACTTTGCAGGCACCGAGACTGCCACACACTGGAGCGGCTACATGGAGGGGGCTGTA
GAGGCCGGGGAGAGAGCAGCCCGAGAGATCCTGCATGCCATGGGGAAGATTCCAGAGGAT
GAAATCTGGCAGTCAGAACCAGAGTCTGTGGATGTCCCTGCACAGCCCATCACCACCACC
TTTTTGGAGAGACATTTGCCCTCCGTGCCAGGCCTGCTCAGGCTGATTGGATTGACCACC
ATCTTTTCAGCAACGGCTCTTGGCTTCCTGGCCCACAAAAGGGGGCTACTTGTGAGAGTC
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID S62734 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID MAOB Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID MAOB Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:6834 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Grimsby J, Chen K, Wang LJ, Lan NC, Shih JC: Human monoamine oxidase A and B genes exhibit identical exon-intron organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 1;88(9):3637-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bach AW, Lan NC, Johnson DL, Abell CW, Bembenek ME, Kwan SW, Seeburg PH, Shih JC: cDNA cloning of human liver monoamine oxidase A and B: molecular basis of differences in enzymatic properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4934-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chen K, Wu HF, Shih JC: The deduced amino acid sequences of human platelet and frontal cortex monoamine oxidase B are identical. J Neurochem. 1993 Jul;61(1):187-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, Scherer S, McLay K, Muzny D, Platzer M, Howell GR, Burrows C, Bird CP, Frankish A, Lovell FL, Howe KL, Ashurst JL, Fulton RS, Sudbrak R, Wen G, Jones MC, Hurles ME, Andrews TD, Scott CE, Searle S, Ramser J, Whittaker A, Deadman R, Carter NP, Hunt SE, Chen R, Cree A, Gunaratne P, Havlak P, Hodgson A, Metzker ML, Richards S, Scott G, Steffen D, Sodergren E, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Ainscough R, Ambrose KD, Ansari-Lari MA, Aradhya S, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Ballabio A, Banerjee R, Barker GE, Barlow KF, Barrett IP, Bates KN, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Beck A, Bethel G, Blechschmidt K, Brady N, Bray-Allen S, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Brown MJ, Bonnin D, Bruford EA, Buhay C, Burch P, Burford D, Burgess J, Burrill W, Burton J, Bye JM, Carder C, Carrel L, Chako J, Chapman JC, Chavez D, Chen E, Chen G, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chinault C, Ciccodicola A, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Clifford K, Cobley V, Cole CG, Conquer JS, Corby N, Connor RE, David R, Davies J, Davis C, Davis J, Delgado O, Deshazo D, Dhami P, Ding Y, Dinh H, Dodsworth S, Draper H, Dugan-Rocha S, Dunham A, Dunn M, Durbin KJ, Dutta I, Eades T, Ellwood M, Emery-Cohen A, Errington H, Evans KL, Faulkner L, Francis F, Frankland J, Fraser AE, Galgoczy P, Gilbert J, Gill R, Glockner G, Gregory SG, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gu Y, Gwilliam R, Hamilton C, Hart EA, Hawes A, Heath PD, Heitmann K, Hennig S, Hernandez J, Hinzmann B, Ho S, Hoffs M, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hume J, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Isherwood J, Jacob L, Johnson D, Jones S, de Jong PJ, Joseph SS, Keenan S, Kelly S, Kershaw JK, Khan Z, Kioschis P, Klages S, Knights AJ, Kosiura A, Kovar-Smith C, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leversha M, Lewis L, Liu W, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loulseged H, Loveland JE, Lovell JD, Lozado R, Lu J, Lyne R, Ma J, Maheshwari M, Matthews LH, McDowall J, McLaren S, McMurray A, Meidl P, Meitinger T, Milne S, Miner G, Mistry SL, Morgan M, Morris S, Muller I, Mullikin JC, Nguyen N, Nordsiek G, Nyakatura G, O'Dell CN, Okwuonu G, Palmer S, Pandian R, Parker D, Parrish J, Pasternak S, Patel D, Pearce AV, Pearson DM, Pelan SE, Perez L, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Reichwald K, Rhodes S, Ridler KA, Schlessinger D, Schueler MG, Sehra HK, Shaw-Smith C, Shen H, Sheridan EM, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Sotheran EC, Steingruber HE, Steward CA, Storey R, Swann RM, Swarbreck D, Tabor PE, Taudien S, Taylor T, Teague B, Thomas K, Thorpe A, Timms K, Tracey A, Trevanion S, Tromans AC, d'Urso M, Verduzco D, Villasana D, Waldron L, Wall M, Wang Q, Warren J, Warry GL, Wei X, West A, Whitehead SL, Whiteley MN, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams G, Williams L, Williamson A, Williamson H, Wilming L, Woodmansey RL, Wray PW, Yen J, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zoghbi H, Zorilla S, Buck D, Reinhardt R, Poustka A, Rosenthal A, Lehrach H, Meindl A, Minx PJ, Hillier LW, Willard HF, Wilson RK, Waterston RH, Rice CM, Vaudin M, Coulson A, Nelson DL, Weinstock G, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Gibbs RA, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature. 2005 Mar 17;434(7031):325-37. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Zhu QS, Grimsby J, Chen K, Shih JC: Promoter organization and activity of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B genes. J Neurosci. 1992 Nov;12(11):4437-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Newton-Vinson P, Hubalek F, Edmondson DE: High-level expression of human liver monoamine oxidase B in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif. 2000 Nov;20(2):334-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Cesura AM, Gottowik J, Lahm HW, Lang G, Imhof R, Malherbe P, Rothlisberger U, Da Prada M: Investigation on the structure of the active site of monoamine oxidase-B by affinity labeling with the selective inhibitor lazabemide and by site-directed mutagenesis. Eur J Biochem. 1996 Mar 15;236(3):996-1002. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Wu HF, Chen K, Shih JC: Site-directed mutagenesis of monoamine oxidase A and B: role of cysteines. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):888-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Binda C, Newton-Vinson P, Hubalek F, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Structure of human monoamine oxidase B, a drug target for the treatment of neurological disorders. Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Jan;9(1):22-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Binda C, Li M, Hubalek F, Restelli N, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Insights into the mode of inhibition of human mitochondrial monoamine oxidase B from high-resolution crystal structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 19;100(17):9750-5. Epub 2003 Aug 11. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Binda C, Hubalek F, Li M, Herzig Y, Sterling J, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Crystal structures of monoamine oxidase B in complex with four inhibitors of the N-propargylaminoindan class. J Med Chem. 2004 Mar 25;47(7):1767-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Hubalek F, Binda C, Khalil A, Li M, Mattevi A, Castagnoli N, Edmondson DE: Demonstration of isoleucine 199 as a structural determinant for the selective inhibition of human monoamine oxidase B by specific reversible inhibitors. J Biol Chem. 2005 Apr 22;280(16):15761-6. Epub 2005 Feb 14. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Binda C, Hubalek F, Li M, Herzig Y, Sterling J, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Binding of rasagiline-related inhibitors to human monoamine oxidases: a kinetic and crystallographic analysis. J Med Chem. 2005 Dec 29;48(26):8148-54. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5401
Enzyme 2 Name Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. Monoamine oxidase type A
  2. MAO-A
Enzyme 2 Gene Name MAOA
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
MENQEKASIAGHMFDVVVIGGGISGLSAAKLLTEYGVSVLVLEARDRVGGRTYTIRNEHV
DYVDVGGAYVGPTQNRILRLSKELGIETYKVNVSERLVQYVKGKTYPFRGAFPPVWNPIA
YLDYNNLWRTIDNMGKEIPTDAPWEAQHADKWDKMTMKELIDKICWTKTARRFAYLFVNI
NVTSEPHEVSALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIFSVTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDQVKL
NHPVTHVDQSSDNIIIETLNHEHYECKYVINAIPPTLTAKIHFRPELPAERNQLIQRLPM
GAVIKCMMYYKEAFWKKKDYCGCMIIEDEDAPISITLDDTKPDGSLPAIMGFILARKADR
LAKLHKEIRKKKICELYAKVLGSQEALHPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTAYFPPGIMTQYG
RVIRQPVGRIFFAGTETATKWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREVLNGLGKVTEKDIWVQEPESKD
VPAVEITHTFWERNLPSVSGLLKIIGFSTSVTALGFVLYKYKLLPRS
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 527
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 59681.3
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 7.96
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOA preferentially oxidizes biogenic amines such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine and epinephrine
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2 [RN:R01853]
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • 498-518
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 187355 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P21397 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AOFA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID 1O5W Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB File Show
Enzyme 2 3D Structure
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >1584 bp
ATGGAGAATCAAGAGAAGGCGAGTATCGCGGGCCACATGTTCGACGTAGTCGTGATCGGA
GGTGGCATTTCAGGACTATCTGCTGCCAAACTCTTGACTGAATATGGCGTTAGTGTTTTG
GTTTTAGAAGCTCGGGACAGGGTTGGAGGAAGAACATATACTATAAGGAATGAGCATGTT
GATTACGTAGATGTTGGTGGAGCTTATGTGGGACCAACCCAAAACAGAATCTTACGCTTG
TCTAAGGAGCTGGGCATAGAGACTTACAAAGTGAATGTCAGTGAGCGTCTCGTTCAATAT
GTCAAGGGGAAAACATATCCATTTCGGGGCGCCTTTCCACCAGTATGGAATCCCATTGCA
TATTTGGATTACAATAATCTGTGGAGGACAATAGATAACATGGGGAAGGAGATTCCAACT
GATGCACCCTGGGAGGCTCAACATGCTGACAAATGGGACAAAATGACCATGAAAGAGCTC
ATTGACAAAATCTGCTGGACAAAGACTGCTAGGCGGTTTGCTTATCTTTTTGTGAATATC
AATGTGACCTCTGAGCCTCACGAAGTGTCTGCCCTGTGGTTCTTGTGGTATGTGAAGCAG
TGCGGGGGCACCACTCGGATATTCTCTGTCACCAATGGTGGCCAGGAACGGAAGTTTGTA
GGTGGATCTGGTCAAGTGAGCGAACGGATAATGGACCTCCTCGGAGACCAAGTGAAGCTG
AACCATCCTGTCACTCACGTTGACCAGTCAAGTGACAACATCATCATAGAGACGCTGAAC
CATGAACATTATGAGTGCAAATACGTAATTAATGCGATCCCTCCGACCTTGACTGCCAAG
ATTCACTTCAGACCAGAGCTTCCAGCAGAGAGAAACCAGTTAATTCAGCGTCTTCCAATG
GGAGCTGTCATTAAGTGCATGATGTATTACAAGGAGGCCTTCTGGAAGAAGAAGGATTAC
TGTGGCTGCATGATCATTGAAGATGAAGATGCTCCAATTTCAATAACCTTGGATGACACC
AAGCCAGATGGGTCACTGCCTGCCATCATGGGCTTCATTCTTGCCCGGAAAGCTGATCGA
CTTGCTAAGCTACATAAGGAAATAAGGAAGAAGAAAATCTGTGAGCTCTATGCCAAAGTG
CTGGGATCCCAAGAAGCTTTACATCCAGTGCATTATGAAGAGAAGAACTGGTGTGAGGAG
CAGTACTCTGGGGGCTGCTACACGGCCTACTTCCCTCCTGGGATCATGACTCAATATGGA
AGGGTGATTCGTCAACCCGTGGGCAGGATTTTCTTTGCGGGCACAGAGACTGCCACAAAG
TGGAGCGGCTACATGGAAGGGGCAGTTGAGGCTGGAGAACGAGCAGCTAGGGAGGTCTTA
AATGGTCTCGGGAAGGTGACCGAGAAAGACATCTGGGTACAAGAACCTGAATCAAAGGAC
GTTCCAGCGGTAGAAATCACCCACACCTTCTGGGAAAGGAACCTGCCCTCTGTTTCTGGC
CTGCTGAAGATCATTGGATTTTCCACATCAGTAACTGCCCTGGGGTTTGTGCTGTACAAA
TACAAGCTCCTGCCACGGTCTTGA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID M69226 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID MAOA Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID MAOA Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:6833 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Hsu YP, Weyler W, Chen S, Sims KB, Rinehart WB, Utterback MC, Powell JF, Breakefield XO: Structural features of human monoamine oxidase A elucidated from cDNA and peptide sequences. J Neurochem. 1988 Oct;51(4):1321-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bach AW, Lan NC, Johnson DL, Abell CW, Bembenek ME, Kwan SW, Seeburg PH, Shih JC: cDNA cloning of human liver monoamine oxidase A and B: molecular basis of differences in enzymatic properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4934-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chen ZY, Hotamisligil GS, Huang JK, Wen L, Ezzeddine D, Aydin-Muderrisoglu N, Powell JF, Huang RH, Breakefield XO, Craig I, et al.: Structure of the human gene for monoamine oxidase type A. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Aug 25;19(16):4537-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Grimsby J, Chen K, Wang LJ, Lan NC, Shih JC: Human monoamine oxidase A and B genes exhibit identical exon-intron organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 1;88(9):3637-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Zhu QS, Grimsby J, Chen K, Shih JC: Promoter organization and activity of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B genes. J Neurosci. 1992 Nov;12(11):4437-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Denney RM: The promoter of the human monoamine oxidase A gene. Prog Brain Res. 1995;106:57-66. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Denney RM, Sharma A, Dave SK, Waguespack A: A new look at the promoter of the human monoamine oxidase A gene: mapping transcription initiation sites and capacity to drive luciferase expression. J Neurochem. 1994 Sep;63(3):843-56. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Chen SA, Weyler W: Partial amino acid sequence analysis of human placenta monoamine oxidase A and bovine liver monoamine oxidase B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Oct 14;156(1):445-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Weyler W: Monoamine oxidase A from human placenta and monoamine oxidase B from bovine liver both have one FAD per subunit. Biochem J. 1989 Jun 15;260(3):725-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Li M, Hubalek F, Newton-Vinson P, Edmondson DE: High-level expression of human liver monoamine oxidase A in Pichia pastoris: comparison with the enzyme expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Protein Expr Purif. 2002 Feb;24(1):152-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Wu HF, Chen K, Shih JC: Site-directed mutagenesis of monoamine oxidase A and B: role of cysteines. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):888-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. De Colibus L, Li M, Binda C, Lustig A, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Three-dimensional structure of human monoamine oxidase A (MAO A): relation to the structures of rat MAO A and human MAO B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Sep 6;102(36):12684-9. Epub 2005 Aug 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Brunner HG, Nelen M, Breakefield XO, Ropers HH, van Oost BA: Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A. Science. 1993 Oct 22;262(5133):578-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Son SY, Ma J, Kondou Y, Yoshimura M, Yamashita E, Tsukihara T: Structure of human monoamine oxidase A at 2.2-A resolution: the control of opening the entry for substrates/inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr 15;105(15):5739-44. Epub 2008 Apr 7. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 5526
Enzyme 3 Name 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. TMABADH
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase E3 isozyme
  3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 9 member A1
  4. Gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
  5. R-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 3 Gene Name ALDH9A1
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
MSTGTFVVSQPLNYRGGARVEPADASGTEKAFEPATGRVIATFTCSGEKEVNLAVQNAKA
AFKIWSQKSGMERCRILLEAARIIREREDEIATMECINNGKSIFEARLDIDISWQCLEYY
AGLAASMAGEHIQLPGGSFGYTRREPLGVCVGIGAWNYPFQIASWKSAPALACGNAMVFK
PSPFTPVSALLLAEIYSEAGVPPGLFNVVQGGAATGQFLCQHPDVAKVSFTGSVPTGMKI
MEMSAKGIKPVTLELGGKSPLIIFSDCDMNNAVKGALMANFLTQGQVCCNGTRVFVQKEI
LDKFTEEVVKQTQRIKIGDPLLEDTRMGPLINRPHLERVLGFVKVAKEQGAKVLCGGDIY
VPEDPKLKDGYYMRPCVLTNCRDDMTCVKEEIFGPVMSILSFDTEAEVLERANDTTFGLA
AGVFTRDIQRAHRVVAELQAGTCFINNYNVSPVELPFGGYKKSGFGRENGRVTIEYYSQL
KTVCVEMGDVESAF
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 494
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 53801.5
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 5.61
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Converts gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde into gamma- butyrobetaine. Catalyzes the irreversible oxidation of a broad range of aldehydes to the corresponding acids in an NAD-dependent reaction
Enzyme 3 Pathways
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • 4-trimethylammoniobutanal + NAD+ + H2O = 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+ [RN:R03283]
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 7248636 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49189 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL9A1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >1485 bp
ATGAGCACTGGCACCTTCGTCGTGTCGCAGCCGCTCAATTACCGCGGCGGGGCCCGCGTG
GAGCCGGCGGACGCCTCCGGTACCGAGAAAGCTTTCGAGCCAGCAACCGGCCGAGTGATA
GCTACTTTCACATGTTCAGGAGAAAAGGAAGTAAATTTGGCTGTTCAAAATGCAAAGGCT
GCTTTTAAAATATGGAGTCAAAAATCTGGCATGGAGCGTTGCCGAATCCTTTTGGAGGCT
GCCAGGATAATAAGGGAACGGGAGGATGAAATTGCTACTATGGAGTGCATCAACAATGGC
AAGTCCATCTTTGAGGCCCGCTTGGACATTGACATTTCCTGGCAGTGCCTGGAGTATTAT
GCGGGCTTGGCTGCATCCATGGCTGGTGAACACATCCAGCTCCCAGGTGGATCGTTTGGT
TATACCAGAAGAGAACCACTTGGGGTATGTGTGGGAATAGGAGCATGGAACTACCCCTTT
CAGATTGCCTCTTGGAAGTCGGCTCCAGCATTAGCCTGTGGTAATGCCATGGTCTTTAAA
CCTTCTCCCTTTACACCTGTTTCTGCATTGCTACTGGCTGAAATCTACAGTGAGGCTGGT
GTACCTCCTGGGCTCTTCAATGTGGTGCAGGGAGGGGCTGCCACAGGCCAGTTTCTGTGT
CAGCATCCCGATGTGGCCAAAGTCTCCTTCACTGGAAGTGTGCCCACTGGCATGAAGATC
ATGGAGATGTCAGCTAAAGGAATCAAACCTGTTACCTTGGAACTTGGAGGCAAATCTCCA
CTCATCATCTTCTCAGACTGTGATATGAACAATGCTGTAAAGGGGGCGCTGATGGCCAAC
TTCCTCACACAAGGCCAGGTTTGCTGTAATGGCACAAGAGTATTTGTGCAGAAAGAAATT
CTTGATAAATTTACAGAGGAAGTGGTGAAACAGACCCAAAGGATTAAAATTGGAGATCCC
CTTCTGGAAGATACAAGGATGGGTCCACTCATCAACCGACCACACCTGGAGCGAGTCCTT
GGGTTTGTCAAAGTGGCAAAGGAGCAGGGTGCTAAAGTGTTATGTGGTGGAGATATATAT
GTACCTGAAGATCCCAAATTAAAGGATGGATATTACATGAGACCTTGTGTATTAACTAAT
TGCAGAGACGACATGACCTGTGTGAAGGAAGAGATCTTTGGGCCTGTTATGTCCATTTTA
TCATTTGACACTGAAGCTGAGGTTCTAGAAAGAGCCAATGATACCACTTTTGGACTAGCA
GCTGGCGTCTTTACCAGGGACATCCAACGGGCTCATAGAGTGGTAGCTGAGCTTCAGGCT
GGGACGTGCTTCATTAACAACTATAACGTCAGCCCAGTGGAGTTGCCCTTTGGTGGATAT
AAGAAGTCAGGATTTGGCAGAGAGAACGGCCGTGTGACAATCGAATATTATTCACAGCTG
AAGACTGTGTGTGTGGAGATGGGTGATGTGGAATCTGCTTTTTGA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID AF172093 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID ALDH9A1 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID ALDH9A1 Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:412 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 3 Locus 1q23.1
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Lin SW, Chen JC, Hsu LC, Hsieh CL, Yoshida A: Human gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH9): cDNA sequence, genomic organization, polymorphism, chromosomal localization, and tissue expression. Genomics. 1996 Jun 15;34(3):376-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Vaz FM, Fouchier SW, Ofman R, Sommer M, Wanders RJ: Molecular and biochemical characterization of rat gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase and evidence for the involvement of human aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 in carnitine biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 10;275(10):7390-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kikonyogo A, Pietruszko R: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from adult human brain that dehydrogenates gamma-aminobutyraldehyde: purification, characterization, cloning and distribution. Biochem J. 1996 May 15;316 ( Pt 1):317-24. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kurys G, Shah PC, Kikonygo A, Reed D, Ambroziak W, Pietruszko R: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. cDNA cloning and primary structure of the enzyme that catalyzes dehydrogenation of 4-aminobutyraldehyde. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Dec 1;218(2):311-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Kurys G, Ambroziak W, Pietruszko R: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. Purification and characterization of a third isozyme with low Km for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde. J Biol Chem. 1989 Mar 15;264(8):4715-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 5528
Enzyme 4 Name Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 4 Synonyms
  1. Alpha-AASA dehydrogenase
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1
  3. Antiquitin-1
  4. Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase
  5. Delta1-piperideine-6-carboxylate dehydrogenase
  6. P6c dehydrogenase
Enzyme 4 Gene Name ALDH7A1
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
MWRLPRALCVHAAKTSKLSGPWSRPAAFMSTLLINQPQYAWLKELGLREENEGVYNGSWG
GRGEVITTYCPANNEPIARVRQASVADYEETVKKAREAWKIWADIPAPKRGEIVRQIGDA
LREKIQVLGSLVSLEMGKILVEGVGEVQEYVDICDYAVGLSRMIGGPILPSERSGHALIE
QWNPVGLVGIITAFNFPVAVYGWNNAIAMICGNVCLWKGAPTTSLISVAVTKIIAKVLED
NKLPGAICSLTCGGADIGTAMAKDERVNLLSFTGSTQVGKQVGLMVQERFGRSLLELGGN
NAIIAFEDADLSLVVPSALFAAVGTAGQRCTTARRLFIHESIHDEVVNRLKKAYAQIRVG
NPWDPNVLYGPLHTKQAVSMFLGAVEEAKKEGGTVVYGGKVMDRPGNYVEPTIVTGLGHD
ASIAHTETFAPILYVFKFKNEEEVFAWNNEVKQGLSSSIFTKDLGRIFRWLGPKGSDCGI
VNVNIPTSGAEIGGAFGGEKHTGGGRESGSDAWKQYMRRSTCTINYSKDLPLAQGIKFQ
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 539
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 58486.7
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 8.09
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 4 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Multifunctional enzyme mediating important protective effects. Metabolizes betaine aldehyde to betaine, an important cellular osmolyte and methyl donor. Protects cells from oxidative stress by metabolizing a number of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes. Involved in lysine catabolism
Enzyme 4 Pathways
Enzyme 4 Reactions
  • L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = L-2-aminoadipate + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R03102 R03103]
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein 188035924 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49419 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL7A1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >1620 bp
ATGTGGCGCCTTCCTCGCGCGCTGTGTGTGCACGCTGCAAAGACCAGCAAGCTCTCTGGA
CCTTGGAGCAGGCCTGCCGCCTTCATGTCCACTCTCCTCATCAATCAGCCCCAGTATGCG
TGGCTGAAAGAGCTGGGGCTCCGCGAGGAAAACGAGGGCGTGTATAATGGAAGCTGGGGA
GGCCGGGGAGAGGTTATTACGACCTATTGCCCTGCTAACAACGAGCCAATAGCAAGAGTC
CGACAGGCCAGTGTGGCAGACTATGAAGAAACTGTAAAGAAAGCAAGAGAAGCATGGAAA
ATCTGGGCAGATATTCCTGCTCCAAAACGAGGAGAAATAGTAAGACAGATTGGCGATGCC
TTGCGGGAGAAGATCCAAGTACTAGGAAGCTTGGTGTCTTTGGAGATGGGGAAAATCTTA
GTGGAAGGTGTGGGTGAAGTTCAGGAGTATGTGGATATCTGTGACTATGCTGTTGGTTTA
TCAAGGATGATTGGAGGACCTATCTTGCCTTCTGAAAGATCTGGCCATGCACTGATTGAG
CAGTGGAATCCCGTAGGCCTGGTTGGAATCATCACGGCATTCAATTTCCCTGTGGCAGTG
TATGGTTGGAACAACGCCATCGCCATGATCTGTGGAAATGTCTGCCTCTGGAAAGGAGCT
CCAACCACTTCCCTCATTAGTGTGGCTGTCACAAAGATAATAGCCAAGGTTCTGGAGGAC
AACAAGCTGCCTGGTGCAATTTGTTCCTTGACTTGTGGTGGAGCAGATATTGGCACAGCA
ATGGCCAAAGATGAACGAGTGAACCTGCTGTCCTTCACTGGGAGCACTCAGGTGGGAAAA
CAGGTGGGCCTGATGGTGCAGGAGAGGTTTGGGAGAAGTCTGTTGGAACTTGGAGGAAAC
AATGCCATTATTGCCTTTGAAGATGCAGACCTCAGCTTAGTTGTTCCATCAGCTCTCTTC
GCTGCTGTGGGAACAGCTGGCCAGAGGTGTACCACTGCGAGGCGACTGTTTATACATGAA
AGCATCCATGATGAGGTTGTAAACAGACTTAAAAAGGCCTATGCACAGATCCGAGTTGGG
AACCCATGGGACCCTAATGTTCTCTATGGGCCACTCCACACCAAGCAGGCAGTGAGCATG
TTTCTTGGAGCAGTGGAAGAAGCAAAGAAAGAAGGTGGCACAGTGGTCTATGGGGGCAAG
GTTATGGATCGCCCTGGAAATTATGTAGAACCGACAATTGTGACAGGTCTTGGCCACGAT
GCGTCCATTGCACACACAGAGACTTTTGCTCCGATTCTCTATGTCTTTAAATTCAAGAAT
GAAGAAGAGGTCTTTGCATGGAATAATGAAGTAAAACAGGGACTTTCAAGTAGCATCTTT
ACCAAAGATCTGGGCAGAATCTTTCGCTGGCTTGGACCTAAAGGATCAGACTGTGGCATT
GTAAATGTCAACATTCCAACAAGTGGGGCTGAGATTGGAGGTGCCTTTGGAGGAGAAAAG
CACACTGGTGGTGGCAGGGAGTCTGGCAGTGATGCCTGGAAACAGTACATGAGAAGGTCT
ACTTGTACTATCAACTACAGTAAAGACCTTCCTCTGGCCCAAGGAATCAAGTTTCAGTAA
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID NM_001182.3 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID ALDH7A1 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID ALDH7A1 Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:877 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 4 Locus 5q31
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Lee P, Kuhl W, Gelbart T, Kamimura T, West C, Beutler E: Homology between a human protein and a protein of the green garden pea. Genomics. 1994 May 15;21(2):371-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A, Couronne O, Grimwood J, Lowry S, Gordon LA, Scott D, Xie G, Huang W, Hellsten U, Tran-Gyamfi M, She X, Prabhakar S, Aerts A, Altherr M, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chan YM, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Lopez F, Lou Y, Martinez D, Medina C, Morgan J, Nandkeshwar R, Noonan JP, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Priest J, Ramirez L, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wheeler J, Wu K, Yang J, Dickson M, Cheng JF, Eichler EE, Olsen A, Pennacchio LA, Rokhsar DS, Richardson P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5. Nature. 2004 Sep 16;431(7006):268-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Skvorak AB, Robertson NG, Yin Y, Weremowicz S, Her H, Bieber FR, Beisel KW, Lynch ED, Beier DR, Morton CC: An ancient conserved gene expressed in the human inner ear: identification, expression analysis, and chromosomal mapping of human and mouse antiquitin (ATQ1). Genomics. 1997 Dec 1;46(2):191-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Brocker C, Lassen N, Estey T, Pappa A, Cantore M, Orlova VV, Chavakis T, Kavanagh KL, Oppermann U, Vasiliou V: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) is a novel enzyme involved in cellular defense against hyperosmotic stress. J Biol Chem. 2010 Jun 11;285(24):18452-63. Epub 2010 Mar 5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Mills PB, Struys E, Jakobs C, Plecko B, Baxter P, Baumgartner M, Willemsen MA, Omran H, Tacke U, Uhlenberg B, Weschke B, Clayton PT: Mutations in antiquitin in individuals with pyridoxine-dependent seizures. Nat Med. 2006 Mar;12(3):307-9. Epub 2006 Feb 19. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 5529
Enzyme 5 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3
Enzyme 5 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 6
  2. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3
  3. RALDH-3
  4. RalDH3
Enzyme 5 Gene Name ALDH1A3
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3
MATANGAVENGQPDRKPPALPRPIRNLEVKFTKIFINNEWHESKSGKKFATCNPSTREQI
CEVEEGDKPDVDKAVEAAQVAFQRGSPWRRLDALSRGRLLHQLADLVERDRATLAALETM
DTGKPFLHAFFIDLEGCIRTLRYFAGWADKIQGKTIPTDDNVVCFTRHEPIGVCGAITPW
NFPLLMLVWKLAPALCCGNTMVLKPAEQTPLTALYLGSLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGFGPTV
GAAISSHPQINKIAFTGSTEVGKLVKEAASRSNLKRVTLELGGKNPCIVCADADLDLAVE
CAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAASRVFVEEQVYSEFVRRSVEYAKKRPVGDPFDVKTEQGPQIDQK
QFDKILELIESGKKEGAKLECGGSAMEDKGLFIKPTVFSEVTDNMRIAKEEIFGPVQPIL
KFKSIEEVIKRANSTDYGLTAAVFTKNLDKALKLASALESGTVWINCYNALYAQAPFGGF
KMSGNGRELGEYALAEYTEVKTVTIKLGDKNP
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 512
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 56108.0
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 7.29
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 5 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 5 Specific Function Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Seems to be the key enzyme in the formation of an RA gradient along the dorso-ventral axis during the early eye development and also in the development of the olfactory system
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = an acid + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R00538 R00634]
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein 46621670 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P47895 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1A3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence >1539 bp
ATGGCCACCGCTAACGGGGCCGTGGAAAACGGGCAGCCGGACAGGAAGCCGCCGGCCCTG
CCGCGCCCCATCCGCAACCTGGAGGTCAAGTTCACCAAGATATTTATCAACAATGAATGG
CACGAATCCAAGAGTGGGAAAAAGTTTGCTACATGTAACCCTTCAACTCGGGAGCAAATA
TGTGAAGTGGAAGAAGGAGATAAGCCCGACGTGGACAAGGCTGTGGAGGCTGCACAGGTT
GCCTTCCAGAGGGGCTCGCCATGGCGCCGGCTGGATGCCCTGAGTCGTGGGCGGCTGCTG
CACCAGCTGGCTGACCTGGTGGAGAGGGACCGCGCCACCTTGGCCGCCCTGGAGACGATG
GATACAGGGAAGCCATTTCTTCATGCTTTTTTCATCGACCTGGAGGGCTGTATTAGAACC
CTCAGATACTTTGCAGGGTGGGCAGACAAAATCCAGGGCAAGACCATCCCCACAGATGAC
AACGTCGTGTGCTTCACCAGGCATGAGCCCATTGGTGTCTGTGGGGCCATCACTCCATGG
AACTTCCCCCTGCTGATGCTGGTGTGGAAGCTGGCACCCGCCCTCTGCTGTGGGAACACC
ATGGTCCTGAAGCCTGCGGAGCAGACACCTCTCACCGCCCTTTATCTCGGCTCTCTGATC
AAAGAGGCCGGGTTCCCTCCAGGAGTGGTGAACATTGTGCCAGGATTCGGGCCCACAGTG
GGAGCAGCAATTTCTTCTCACCCTCAGATCAACAAGATCGCCTTCACCGGCTCCACAGAG
GTTGGAAAACTGGTTAAAGAAGCTGCGTCCCGGAGCAATCTGAAGCGGGTGACGCTGGAG
CTGGGGGGGAAGAACCCCTGCATCGTGTGTGCGGACGCTGACTTGGACTTGGCAGTGGAG
TGTGCCCATCAGGGAGTGTTCTTCAACCAAGGCCAGTGTTGCACGGCAGCCTCCAGGGTG
TTCGTGGAGGAGCAGGTCTACTCTGAGTTTGTCAGGCGGAGCGTGGAGTATGCCAAGAAA
CGGCCCGTGGGAGACCCCTTCGATGTCAAAACAGAACAGGGGCCTCAGATTGATCAAAAG
CAGTTCGACAAAATCTTAGAGCTGATCGAGAGTGGGAAGAAGGAAGGGGCCAAGCTGGAA
TGCGGGGGCTCAGCCATGGAAGACAAGGGGCTCTTCATCAAACCCACTGTCTTCTCAGAA
GTCACAGACAACATGCGGATTGCCAAAGAGGAGATTTTCGGGCCAGTGCAACCAATACTG
AAGTTCAAAAGTATCGAAGAAGTGATAAAAAGAGCGAATAGCACCGACTATGGACTCACA
GCAGCCGTGTTCACAAAAAATCTCGACAAAGCCCTGAAGTTGGCTTCTGCCTTAGAGTCT
GGAACGGTCTGGATCAACTGCTACAACGCCCTCTATGCACAGGCTCCATTTGGTGGCTTT
AAAATGTCAGGAAATGGCAGAGAACTAGGTGAATACGCTTTGGCCGAATACACAGAAGTG
AAAACTGTCACCATCAAACTTGGCGACAAGAACCCCTGA
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID BC069274 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID ALDH1A3 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID ALDH1A3 Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:409 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 5 Locus 15q26.3
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Hiraoka L, Hsieh CL: Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and chromosomal localization of an additional human aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, ALDH6. Genomics. 1994 Nov 15;24(2):333-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 5530
Enzyme 6 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 6 Synonyms
  1. ALDH class 2
  2. ALDH-E2
  3. ALDHI
Enzyme 6 Gene Name ALDH2
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MLRAAARFGPRLGRRLLSAAATQAVPAPNQQPEVFCNQIFINNEWHDAVSRKTFPTVNPS
TGEVICQVAEGDKEDVDKAVKAARAAFQLGSPWRRMDASHRGRLLNRLADLIERDRTYLA
ALETLDNGKPYVISYLVDLDMVLKCLRYYAGWADKYHGKTIPIDGDFFSYTRHEPVGVCG
QIIPWNFPLLMQAWKLGPALATGNVVVMKVAEQTPLTALYVANLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPG
FGPTAGAAIASHEDVDKVAFTGSTEIGRVIQVAAGSSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIMSDADM
DWAVEQAHFALFFNQGQCCCAGSRTFVQEDIYDEFVERSVARAKSRVVGNPFDSKTEQGP
QVDETQFKKILGYINTGKQEGAKLLCGGGIAADRGYFIQPTVFGDVQDGMTIAKEEIFGP
VMQILKFKTIEEVVGRANNSTYGLAAAVFTKDLDKANYLSQALQAGTVWVNCYDVFGAQS
PFGGYKMSGSGRELGEYGLQAYTEVKTVTVKVPQKNS
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 517
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 56380.9
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 7.05
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 6 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 6 Specific Function An aldehyde + NAD(+) + H(2)O = an acid + NADH
Enzyme 6 Pathways
Enzyme 6 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+ [RN:R00538]
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein 28606 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P05091 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ALDH2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID 1OF7 Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB File Show
Enzyme 6 3D Structure
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence >1551 bp
ATGTTGCGCGCTGCCGCCGCTCGGGCCCCGCCTGGCCGCCGCCTCTTGTCAGCCGCCGCC
ACCCAGGCCGTGCCTGCCCCCAACCAGCAGCCCGAGGTCTTCTGCAACCAGATTTTCATA
AACAATGAATGGCACGATGCCGTCAGCAGGAAAACATTCCCCACCGTCAATCCGTCCACT
GGAGAGGTCATCTGTCAGGTAGCTGAAGGGGACAAGGAAGATGTGGACAAGGCACGTGAA
GGCCGCCCGGGCGCCTTCCAGCTGGGCTCACCTTGGCGCCGCATGGACGCATCACACAGC
GGCCGGCTGCTGAACCGCCTGGCCGATCTGATCGAGCGGGACCGGACCTACCTGGCGGCC
TTGGAGACCCTGGACAATGGCAAGCCCTATGTCATCTCCTACCTGGTGGATTTGGACATG
GTCCTCAAATGTCTCCGGTATTATGCCGGCTGGGCTGATAAGTACCACGGGAAAACCATC
CCCATTGACGGAGACTTCTTCAGCTACACACGCCATGAACCTGTGGGGGTGTGCGGGCAG
ATCATTCCGTGGAATTTCCCGCTCCTGATGCAAGCATGGAAGCTGGGCCCAGCCTTGGCA
ACTGGAAACGTGGTTGTGATGAAGGTAGCTGAGCAGACACCCCTCACCGCCCTCTATGTG
GCCAACCTGATCAAGGAGGCTGGCTTTCCCCCTGGTGTGGTCAACATTGTGCCTGGATTT
GGCCCCACGGCTGGGGCCGCCATTGCCTCCCATGAGGATGTGGACAAAGTGGCATTCACA
GGCTCCACTGAGATTGGCCGCGTAATCCAGGTTGCTGCTGGGAGCAGCAACCTCAAGAGA
GTGACCTTGGAGCTGGGGGGGAAGAGCCCCAACATCATCATGTCAGATGCCGATATGGAT
TGGGCCGTGGAACAGGCCCACTTCGCCCTGTTCTTCAACCAGGGCCAGTGCTGCTGTGCC
GGCTCCCGGACCTTCGTGCAGGAGGACATCTATGATGAGTTTGTGGTGCGGAGCGTTGCC
CGGGCCAAGTCTCGGGTGGTCGGGAACCCCTTTGATAGCAAGACCGAGCAGGGGCCGCAG
GTGGATGAAACTCAGTTTAAGAAGATCCTCGGCTACATCAACACGGGGAAGCAAGAGGGG
GCGAAGCTGCTGTGTGGTGGGGGCATTGCTGCTGACCGTGGTTACTTCATCCAGCCCACT
GTGTTTGGAGATGTGCAGGATGGCATGACCATCGCCAAGGAGGAGATCTTCGGGCCAGTG
ATGCAGATCCTGAAGTTCAAGACCATAGAGGAGGTTGTTGGGAGAGCCAACAATTCCACG
TACGGGCTGGCCGCAGCTGTCTTCACAAAGGATTTGGACAAGGCCAATTACCTGTCCCAG
GCCCTCCAGGCGGGCACTGTGTGGGTCAACTGCTATGATGTGTTTGGAGCCCAGTCACCC
TTTGGTGGCTACAAGATGTCGGGGAGTGGCCGGGAGTTGGGCGAGTACGGGCTGCAGGCA
TACACTGAAGTGAAAACTGTCACAGTCAAAGTGCCTCAGAAGAACTCATAA
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID X05409 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID ALDH2 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID ALDH2 Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:404 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 6 Locus 12q24.2
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References
  1. Braun T, Bober E, Singh S, Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Evidence for a signal peptide at the amino-terminal end of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. FEBS Lett. 1987 May 11;215(2):233-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Braun T, Bober E, Singh S, Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Isolation and sequence analysis of a full length cDNA clone coding for human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Apr 10;15(7):3179. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hsu LC, Bendel RE, Yoshida A: Genomic structure of the human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Genomics. 1988 Jan;2(1):57-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hempel J, Kaiser R, Jornvall H: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver. Primary structure, differences in relation to the cytosolic enzyme, and functional correlations. Eur J Biochem. 1985 Nov 15;153(1):13-28. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hsu LC, Tani K, Fujiyoshi T, Kurachi K, Yoshida A: Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(11):3771-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Yoshida A, Ikawa M, Hsu LC, Tani K: Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases. Alcohol. 1985 Jan-Feb;2(1):103-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Aboulaich N, Vainonen JP, Stralfors P, Vener AV: Vectorial proteomics reveal targeting, phosphorylation and specific fragmentation of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) at the surface of caveolae in human adipocytes. Biochem J. 2004 Oct 15;383(Pt 2):237-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes and alcohol sensitivity. Isozymes Curr Top Biol Med Res. 1987;16:21-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Hempel J, Hoog JO, Jornvall H: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Homology of putative targeting sequence to that of carbamyl phosphate synthetase I revealed by correlation of cDNA and protein data. FEBS Lett. 1987 Sep 28;222(1):95-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Ni L, Zhou J, Hurley TD, Weiner H: Human liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase: three-dimensional structure and the restoration of solubility and activity of chimeric forms. Protein Sci. 1999 Dec;8(12):2784-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Yoshida A, Huang IY, Ikawa M: Molecular abnormality of an inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase variant commonly found in Orientals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(1):258-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Novoradovsky A, Tsai SJ, Goldfarb L, Peterson R, Long JC, Goldman D: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphism in Asian and American Indian populations: detection of new ALDH2 alleles. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Oct;19(5):1105-10. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 7 [top]
Enzyme 7 ID 5531
Enzyme 7 Name Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 7 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 10
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member A2
  3. Microsomal aldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 7 Gene Name ALDH3A2
Enzyme 7 Protein Sequence >Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
MELEVRRVRQAFLSGRSRPLRFRLQQLEALRRMVQEREKDILTAIAADLCKSEFNVYSQE
VITVLGEIDFMLENLPEWVTAKPVKKNVLTMLDEAYIQPQPLGVVLIIGAWNYPFVLTIQ
PLIGAIAAGNAVIIKPSELSENTAKILAKLLPQYLDQDLYIVINGGVEETTELLKQRFDH
IFYTGNTAVGKIVMEAAAKHLTPVTLELGGKSPCYIDKDCDLDIVCRRITWGKYMNCGQT
CIAPDYILCEASLQNQIVWKIKETVKEFYGENIKESPDYERIINLRHFKRILSLLEGQKI
AFGGETDEATRYIAPTVLTDVDPKTKVMQEEIFGPILPIVPVKNVDEAINFINEREKPLA
LYVFSHNHKLIKRMIDETSSGGVTGNDVIMHFTLNSFPFGGVGSSGMGAYHGKHSFDTFS
HQRPCLLKSLKREGANKLRYPPNSQSKVDWGKFFLLKRFNKEKLGLLLLTFLGIVAAVLV
KAEYY
Enzyme 7 Number of Residues 485
Enzyme 7 Molecular Weight 54847.4
Enzyme 7 Theoretical pI 7.99
Enzyme 7 GO Classification
Function
  • aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Process
  • cellular aldehyde metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 7 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 7 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acids. Active on a variety of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes between 6 and 24 carbons in length
Enzyme 7 Pathways
Enzyme 7 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+ [RN:R00538]
Enzyme 7 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 7 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 7 Transmembrane Regions
  • 464-480
Enzyme 7 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 7 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P51648 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL3A2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 7 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Gene Sequence >1458 bp
ATGGAGCTCGAAGTCCGGCGGGTCCGACAGGCGTTCCTGTCCGGCCGGTCGCGACCTCTG
CGGTTTCGGCTGCAGCAGCTGGAGGCCCTGCGGAGGATGGTGCAGGAGCGCGAGAAGGAT
ATCCTGACGGCCATCGCCGCCGACCTGTGCAAGAGTGAATTCAATGTGTACAGTCAGGAA
GTCATTACTGTCCTTGGGGAAATTGATTTTATGCTTGAGAATCTTCCTGAATGGGTTACT
GCTAAACCAGTTAAGAAGAACGTGCTCACCATGCTGGATGAGGCCTATATTCAGCCACAG
CCTCTGGGAGTGGTGCTGATAATCGGAGCTTGGAATTACCCCTTCGTTCTCACCATTCAG
CCACTGATAGGAGCCATCGCTGCAGGAAATGCTGTGATTATAAAGCCTTCTGAACTGAGT
GAAAATACAGCCAAGATCTTGGCAAAGCTTCTCCCTCAGTATTTAGACCAGGATCTCTAT
ATTGTTATTAATGGTGGTGTTGAGGAAACCACGGAGCTCCTGAAGCAGCGATTTGACCAC
ATTTTCTATACGGGAAACACTGCGGTTGGCAAAATTGTCATGGAAGCTGCTGCCAAGCAT
CTGACCCCTGTGACTCTTGAACTGGGAGGGAAAAGTCCATGTTATATTGATAAAGATTGT
GACCTGGACATTGTTTGCAGACGCATAACCTGGGGAAAATACATGAATTGTGGCCAAACC
TGCATTGCACCCGACTATATTCTCTGTGAAGCATCCCTCCAAAATCAAATTGTATGGAAG
ATTAAGGAAACAGTGAAGGAATTTTATGGAGAAAATATAAAAGAGTCTCCTGATTATGAA
AGGATCATCAATCTTCGTCATTTTAAGAGGATACTAAGTTTGCTTGAAGGACAAAAGATA
GCTTTTGGTGGGGAGACTGATGAGGCCACACGCTACATAGCCCCAACAGTACTTACCGAT
GTTGATCCTAAAACCAAGGTGATGCAAGAAGAAATTTTTGGACCAATTCTTCCAATAGTG
CCTGTGAAAAATGTAGATGAGGCCATAAATTTCATAAATGAACGTGAAAAGCCTCTGGCT
CTTTATGTATTTTCGCATAACCATAAGCTCATCAAACGGATGATTGATGAGACATCCAGT
GGAGGTGTCACAGGCAATGACGTCATTATGCACTTCACGCTCAACTCTTTCCCATTTGGA
GGAGTGGGTTCCAGTGGGATGGGAGCTTATCACGGAAAACATAGTTTTGATACTTTTTCT
CATCAGCGTCCCTGTTTATTAAAAAGTTTAAAGAGAGAAGGTGCTAACAAACTCAGATAT
CCTCCCAACAGCCAGTCAAAGGTGGATTGGGGGAAATTTTTTCTCTTGAAACGGTTCAAC
AAAGAAAAACTCGGTCTCCTGTTGCTCACTTTCCTGGGTATTGTAGCCGCTGTGCTTGTC
AAGGCAGAATATTACTGA
Enzyme 7 GenBank Gene ID L47162 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GeneCard ID ALDH3A2 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GenAtlas ID ALDH3A2 Link Image
Enzyme 7 HGNC ID HGNC:403 Link Image
Enzyme 7 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 7 Locus 17p11.2
Enzyme 7 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 7 General References
  1. De Laurenzi V, Rogers GR, Hamrock DJ, Marekov LN, Steinert PM, Compton JG, Markova N, Rizzo WB: Sjogren-Larsson syndrome is caused by mutations in the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Nat Genet. 1996 Jan;12(1):52-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rogers GR, Markova NG, De Laurenzi V, Rizzo WB, Compton JG: Genomic organization and expression of the human fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (FALDH). Genomics. 1997 Jan 15;39(2):127-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chang C, Yoshida A: Human fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH10): organization and tissue-dependent expression. Genomics. 1997 Feb 15;40(1):80-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sillen A, Jagell S, Wadelius C: A missense mutation in the FALDH gene identified in Sjogren-Larsson syndrome patients originating from the northern part of Sweden. Hum Genet. 1997 Aug;100(2):201-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Sillen A, Anton-Lamprecht I, Braun-Quentin C, Kraus CS, Sayli BS, Ayuso C, Jagell S, Kuster W, Wadelius C: Spectrum of mutations and sequence variants in the FALDH gene in patients with Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(6):377-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Rizzo WB, Carney G, Lin Z: The molecular basis of Sjogren-Larsson syndrome: mutation analysis of the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Dec;65(6):1547-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Aoki N, Suzuki H, Ito K, Ito M: A novel point mutation of the FALDH gene in a Japanese family with Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 May;114(5):1065-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 7 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 8 [top]
Enzyme 8 ID 5532
Enzyme 8 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial
Enzyme 8 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member B1
Enzyme 8 Gene Name ALDH1B1
Enzyme 8 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial
MLRFLAPRLLSLQGRTARYSSAAALPSPILNPDIPYNQLFINNEWQDAVSKKTFPTVNPT
TGEVIGHVAEGDRADVDRAVKAAREAFRLGSPWRRMDASERGRLLNLLADLVERDRVYLA
SLETLDNGKPFQESYALDLDEVIKVYRYFAGWADKWHGKTIPMDGQHFCFTRHEPVGVCG
QIIPWNFPLVMQGWKLAPALATGNTVVMKVAEQTPLSALYLASLIKEAGFPPGVVNIITG
YGPTAGAAIAQHMDVDKVAFTGSTEVGHLIQKAAGDSNLKRVTLELGGKSPSIVLADADM
EHAVEQCHEALFFNMGQCCCAGSRTFVEESIYNEFLERTVEKAKQRKVGNPFELDTQQGP
QVDKEQFERVLGYIQLGQKEGAKLLCGGERFGERGFFIKPTVFGGVQDDMRIAKEEIFGP
VQPLFKFKKIEEVVERANNTRYGLAAAVFTRDLDKAMYFTQALQAGTVWVNTYNIVTCHT
PFGGFKESGNGRELGEDGLKAYTEVKTVTIKVPQKNS
Enzyme 8 Number of Residues 517
Enzyme 8 Molecular Weight 57238.0
Enzyme 8 Theoretical pI 6.79
Enzyme 8 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 8 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 8 Specific Function ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde. They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation
Enzyme 8 Pathways
Enzyme 8 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+ [RN:R00538]
Enzyme 8 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 8 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 8 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 8 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 8 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P30837 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1B1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 8 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 8 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 8 Gene Sequence >1554 bp
ATGCTGCGCTTCCTGGCACCCCGGCTGCTTAGCCTCCAGGGCAGGACCGCCCGCTACTCC
TCGGCAGCAGCCCTCCCAAGCCCCATTCTGAACCCAGACATCCCCTACAACCAGCTGTTC
ATCAACAATGAATGGCAAGATGCAGTCAGCAAGAAGACCTTCCCGACGGTCAACCCTACC
ACCGGGGAGGTCATCGGGCACGTGGCTGAAGGTGACCGGGCTGATGTGGATCGGGCCGTG
AAAGCAGCCCGGGAAGCCTTCCGCCTGGGGTCCCCATGGCGCCGGATGGATGCCTCTGAG
CGGGGCCGGCTGCTGAACCTCCTGGCAGACCTAGTGGAGCGGGATCGAGTCTACTTGGCC
TCACTCGAGACCTTGGACAATGGGAAGCCTTTCCAAGAGTCTTACGCCTTGGACTTGGAT
GAGGTCATCAAGGTGTATCGGTACTTTGCTGGCTGGGCTGACAAGTGGCATGGCAAGACC
ATCCCCATGGATGGCCAGCATTTCTGCTTCACCCGGCATGAGCCCGTTGGTGTCTGTGGC
CAGATCATCCCGTGGAACTTCCCCTTGGTCATGCAGGGTTGGAAACTTGCCCCGGCACTC
GCCACAGGCAACACTGTGGTTATGAAGGTGGCAGAGCAGACCCCCCTCTCTGCCCTGTAT
TTGGCCTCCCTCATCAAGGAGGCAGGCTTTCCCCCTGGGGTGGTGAACATCATCACGGGG
TATGGCCCAACAGCAGGTGCGGCCATCGCCCAGCACATGGATGTTGACAAAGTTGCCTTC
ACCGGTTCCACCGAGGTGGGCCACCTGATCCAGAAAGCAGCTGGCGATTCCAACCTCAAG
AGAGTCACCCTGGAGCTGGGTGGTAAGAGCCCCAGCATCGTGCTGGCCGATGCTGACATG
GAGCATGCCGTGGAGCAGTGCCACGAAGCCCTGTTCTTCAACATGGGCCAGTGCTGCTGT
GCTGGCTCCCGGACCTTCGTGGAAGAATCCATCTACAATGAGTTTCTCGAGAGAACCGTG
GAGAAAGCAAAGCAGAGGAAAGTGGGGAACCCCTTTGAGCTGGACACCCAGCAGGGGCCT
CAGGTGGACAAGGAGCAGTTTGAACGAGTCCTAGGCTACATCCAGCTTGGCCAGAAGGAG
GGCGCAAAACTCCTCTGTGGCGGAGAGCGTTTCGGGGAGCGTGGTTTCTTCATCAAGCCT
ACTGTCTTTGGTGGCGTGCAGGATGACATGAGAATTGCCAAAGAGGAGATCTTTGGGCCT
GTGCAGCCCCTGTTCAAGTTCAAGAAGATTGAGGAGGTGGTTGAGAGGGCCAACAACACC
AGGTATGGCCTGGCTGCGGCTGTGTTCACCCGGGATCTGGACAAGGCCATGTACTTCACC
CAGGCACTCCAGGCCGGGACCGTGTGGGTAAACACCTACAACATCGTCACCTGCCACACG
CCATTTGGAGGGTTTAAGGAATCTGGAAACGGGAGGGAGCTGGGTGAGGATGGGCTTAAG
GCCTACACAGAGGTAAAGACGGTCACCATCAAGGTTCCTCAGAAGAACTCGTAG
Enzyme 8 GenBank Gene ID BT007418 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GeneCard ID ALDH1B1 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GenAtlas ID ALDH1B1 Link Image
Enzyme 8 HGNC ID HGNC:407 Link Image
Enzyme 8 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 8 Locus 9p11.1
Enzyme 8 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 8 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC: Cloning and characterization of a new functional human aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jul 5;266(19):12257-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sherman D, Dave V, Hsu LC, Peters TJ, Yoshida A: Diverse polymorphism within a short coding region of the human aldehyde dehydrogenase-5 (ALDH5) gene. Hum Genet. 1993 Nov;92(5):477-80. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 8 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 9 [top]
Enzyme 9 ID 5627
Enzyme 9 Name Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]
Enzyme 9 Synonyms
  1. DAO
  2. Diamine oxidase
  3. Amiloride-binding protein
  4. ABP
  5. Histaminase
  6. Kidney amine oxidase
  7. KAO
Enzyme 9 Gene Name ABP1
Enzyme 9 Protein Sequence >Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]
MPALGWAVAAILMLQTAMAEPSPGTLPRKAGVFSDLSNQELKAVHSFLWSKKELRLQPSS
TTTMAKNTVFLIEMLLPKKYHVLRFLDKGERHPVREARAVIFFGDQEHPNVTEFAVGPLP
GPCYMRALSPRPGYQSSWASRPISTAEYALLYHTLQEATKPLHQFFLNTTGFSFQDCHDR
CLAFTDVAPRGVASGQRRSWLIIQRYVEGYFLHPTGLELLVDHGSTDAGHWAVEQVWYNG
KFYGSPEELARKYADGEVDVVVLEDPLPGGKGHDSTEEPPLFSSHKPRGDFPSPIHVSGP
RLVQPHGPRFRLEGNAVLYGGWSFAFRLRSSSGLQVLNVHFGGERIAYEVSVQEAVALYG
GHTPAGMQTKYLDVGWGLGSVTHELAPGIDCPETATFLDTFHYYDADDPVHYPRALCLFE
MPTGVPLRRHFNSNFKGGFNFYAGLKGQVLVLRTTSTVYNYDYIWDFIFYPNGVMEAKMH
ATGYVHATFYTPEGLRHGTRLHTHLIGNIHTHLVHYRVDLDVAGTKNSFQTLQMKLENIT
NPWSPRHRVVQPTLEQTQYSWERQAAFRFKRKLPKYLLFTSPQENPWGHKRTYRLQIHSM
ADQVLPPGWQEEQAITWARYPLAVTKYRESELCSSSIYHQNDPWHPPVVFEQFLHNNENI
ENEDLVAWVTVGFLHIPHSEDIPNTATPGNSVGFLLRPFNFFPEDPSLASRDTVIVWPRD
NGPNYVQRWIPEDRDCSMPPPFSYNGTYRPV
Enzyme 9 Number of Residues 751
Enzyme 9 Molecular Weight 85377.1
Enzyme 9 Theoretical pI 7.10
Enzyme 9 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • cofactor binding
  • copper ion binding
  • ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • primary amine oxidase activity
  • quinone binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • amine metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 9 General Function Involved in copper ion binding
Enzyme 9 Specific Function Catalyzes the degradation of compounds such as putrescine, histamine, spermine, and spermidine, substances involved in allergic and immune responses, cell proliferation, tissue differentiation, tumor formation, and possibly apoptosis. Placental DAO is thought to play a role in the regulation of the female reproductive function
Enzyme 9 Pathways
Enzyme 9 Reactions
  • histamine + H2O + O2 = (imidazol-4-yl)acetaldehyde + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R02150]
Enzyme 9 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 9 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 9 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 9 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 9 GenBank ID Protein 73486661 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P19801 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ABP1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 9 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 9 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 9 Gene Sequence >2256 bp
ATGCCGGCCCTGGGCTGGGCCGTGGCTGCCATCCTGATGCTGCAGACGGCCATGGCGGAG
CCCTCCCCGGGGACTCTGCCCAGGAAGGCAGGGGTGTTTTCAGACCTAAGCAACCAAGAG
CTGAAGGCAGTGCACAGCTTCCTCTGGTCCAAGAAGGAGCTGAGGCTGCAGCCCTCCAGT
ACCACCACCATGGCCAAGAACACCGTGTTTCTCATCGAGATGCTGCTGCCCAAGAAGTAC
CATGTGCTGAGGTTTCTGGATAAAGGTGAAAGGCATCCTGTGCGGGAAGCCCGTGCCGTC
ATCTTCTTTGGTGACCAGGAGCATCCCAATGTCACCGAGTTTGCTGTGGGGCCCCTGCCA
GGGCCCTGCTACATGCGAGCACTGTCCCCCAGGCCTGGGTACCAGTCCTCCTGGGCATCG
AGGCCCATCTCCACAGCAGAGTATGCCCTCCTCTACCACACCCTGCAGGAAGCCACCAAG
CCCCTGCATCAGTTCTTCCTCAATACCACAGGCTTCTCATTCCAAGACTGCCATGACAGA
TGCCTGGCCTTCACCGATGTGGCCCCCCGGGGTGTGGCTTCTGGCCAGCGCCGCAGTTGG
CTTATCATACAGCGCTATGTAGAAGGCTACTTTCTGCACCCCACTGGGCTGGAGCTCCTC
GTGGATCATGGGAGCACAGATGCTGGGCACTGGGCCGTGGAGCAGGTGTGGTACAACGGG
AAGTTCTATGGGAGCCCAGAGGAACTGGCTCGGAAGTATGCAGATGGAGAGGTGGACGTG
GTGGTCCTGGAGGACCCGCTGCCTGGGGGCAAGGGGCATGACAGCACAGAGGAGCCGCCC
CTCTTCTCCTCCCACAAGCCCCGCGGGGACTTCCCCAGCCCCATCCATGTGAGCGGCCCC
CGCTTGGTCCAGCCCCACGGCCCTCGCTTCAGGCTGGAGGGCAACGCTGTGCTCTACGGC
GGCTGGAGCTTTGCCTTCCGGCTGCGCTCCTCCTCCGGGCTGCAGGTCCTGAACGTGCAC
TTCGGCGGAGAGCGCATTGCCTATGAGGTCAGCGTGCAAGAGGCAGTGGCGCTGTATGGA
GGACACACACCTGCAGGCATGCAGACCAAGTACCTCGATGTCGGCTGGGGCCTGGGCAGC
GTCACTCATGAGTTAGCCCCCGGCATCGACTGCCCGGAGACCGCCACCTTCCTGGACACT
TTCCACTACTATGATGCCGATGACCCGGTCCATTATCCCCGAGCCCTCTGCCTCTTTGAA
ATGCCCACAGGGGTGCCCCTTCGGCGGCACTTTAATTCCAACTTTAAAGGTGGCTTCAAC
TTCTATGCGGGGCTGAAGGGCCAGGTGCTGGTGCTGCGGACAACTTCAACTGTCTACAAT
TATGATTACATTTGGGACTTTATCTTCTACCCCAACGGGGTGATGGAGGCCAAGATGCAT
GCCACTGGCTACGTCCACGCCACCTTCTACACCCCCGAGGGGCTGCGCCACGGCACTCGC
CTGCACACCCACCTGATTGGCAACATACACACTCACTTGGTGCACTACCGCGTAGACCTG
GATGTGGCAGGCACCAAGAACAGCTTCCAGACACTGCAGATGAAGCTAGAAAACATCACC
AACCCCTGGAGCCCAAGACACCGCGTGGTCCAGCCAACTCTGGAGCAGACGCAGTACTCC
TGGGAGCGCCAGGCGGCCTTCCGCTTCAAAAGGAAGCTGCCTAAGTACCTGCTCTTTACC
AGCCCCCAGGAGAACCCCTGGGGCCACAAGCGCACGTACCGCCTGCAGATCCACTCCATG
GCCGACCAGGTGCTGCCCCCAGGCTGGCAGGAGGAGCAGGCCATCACCTGGGCAAGGTAC
CCCCTGGCAGTGACCAAGTACCGGGAGTCGGAGCTGTGCAGCAGCAGCATCTACCACCAG
AACGACCCCTGGCACCCGCCCGTGGTCTTTGAGCAGTTTCTTCACAACAACGAGAACATT
GAAAATGAGGACCTGGTGGCCTGGGTGACGGTGGGCTTCCTGCACATCCCCCACTCAGAG
GACATTCCCAACACAGCCACACCTGGGAACTCCGTGGGCTTCCTGCTCCGGCCATTCAAC
TTCTTCCCAGAGGACCCCTCCCTGGCATCCAGAGACACTGTGATCGTGTGGCCTCGGGAC
AACGGCCCCAACTACGTCCAGCGCTGGATCCCTGAGGACAGGGACTGCTCGATGCCTCCC
CCTTTTAGCTACAATGGGACCTATAGACCTGTGTGA
Enzyme 9 GenBank Gene ID NM_001091.2 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GeneCard ID ABP1 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GenAtlas ID ABP1 Link Image
Enzyme 9 HGNC ID HGNC:80 Link Image
Enzyme 9 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 9 Locus 7q34-q36
Enzyme 9 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 9 General References
  1. Barbry P, Champe M, Chassande O, Munemitsu S, Champigny G, Lingueglia E, Maes P, Frelin C, Tartar A, Ullrich A, et al.: Human kidney amiloride-binding protein: cDNA structure and functional expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7347-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Chassande O, Renard S, Barbry P, Lazdunski M: The human gene for diamine oxidase, an amiloride binding protein. Molecular cloning, sequencing, and characterization of the promoter. J Biol Chem. 1994 May 20;269(20):14484-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Zhang X, Kim J, McIntire WS: cDNA sequences of variant forms of human placenta diamine oxidase. Biochem Genet. 1995 Aug;33(7-8):261-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Novotny WF, Chassande O, Baker M, Lazdunski M, Barbry P: Diamine oxidase is the amiloride-binding protein and is inhibited by amiloride analogues. J Biol Chem. 1994 Apr 1;269(13):9921-5. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 9 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 10 [top]
Enzyme 10 ID 16425
Enzyme 10 Name cDNA, FLJ93072, Homo sapiens monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA (Monoamine oxidase B, isoform CRA_a)
Enzyme 10 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 10 Gene Name MAOB
Enzyme 10 Protein Sequence >cDNA, FLJ93072, Homo sapiens monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA (Monoamine oxidase B, isoform CRA_a)
MSNKCDVVVVGGGISGMAAAKLLHDSGLNVVVLEARDRVGGRTYTLRNQKVKYVDLGGSY
VGPTQNRILRLAKELGLETYKVNEVERLIHHVKGKSYPFRGPFPPVWNPITYLDHNNFWR
TMDDMGREIPSDAPWKAPLAEEWDNMTMKELLDKLCWTESAKQLATLFVNLCVTAETHEV
SALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIISTTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDRVKLERPVIYIDQ
TRENVLVETLNHEMYEAKYVISAIPPTLGMKIHFNPPLPMMRNQMITRVPLGSVIKCIVY
YKEPFWRKKDYCGTMIIDGEEAPVAYTLDDTKPEGNYAAIMGFILAHKARKLARLTKEER
LKKLCELYAKVLGSLEALEPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTTYFPPGILTQYGRVLRQPVDR
IYFAGTETATHWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREILHAMGKIPEDEIWQSEPESVDVPAQPITTT
FLERHLPSVPGLLRLIGLTTIFSATALGFLAHKRGLLVRV
Enzyme 10 Number of Residues 520
Enzyme 10 Molecular Weight 58764
Enzyme 10 Theoretical pI 7.55
Enzyme 10 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 10 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 10 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 10 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 10 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 10 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 10 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 10 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 10 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 10 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B2R6R3 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B2R6R3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 10 PDB ID 2BK3 Link Image
Enzyme 10 PDB File Show
Enzyme 10 3D Structure
Enzyme 10 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 10 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 10 GenBank Gene ID AK312679 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GeneCard ID B2R6R3 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 10 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 10 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 10 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 10 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 10 General References Not Available
Enzyme 10 Metabolite References Not Available