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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00068
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5297
Name 85/88 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
Synonyms
  1. CaI-PLA2
  2. GVI PLA2
  3. Group VI phospholipase A2
  4. iPLA2
  5. Intracellular membrane-associated calcium-independent phospholipase A2 beta
  6. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 9
  7. iPLA2-beta
  8. PNPLA9
Gene Name PLA2G6
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in metabolic process
Specific Function Catalyzes the release of fatty acids from phospholipids. It has been implicated in normal phospholipid remodeling, nitric oxide-induced or vasopressin-induced arachidonic acid release and in leukotriene and prostaglandin production. May participate in fas mediated apoptosis and in regulating transmembrane ion flux in glucose-stimulated B-cells. Has a role in cardiolipin (CL) deacylation. Required for both speed and directionality of monocyte MCP1/CCL2-induced chemotaxis through regulation of F-actin polymerization at the pseudopods. Isoform ankyrin-iPLA2-1 and isoform ankyrin-iPLA2-2, which lack the catalytic domain, are probably involved in the negative regulation of iPLA2 activity.
Pathways
  • alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism
  • Arachidonic acid metabolism
  • Ether lipid metabolism
  • Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis
  • Glycerophospholipid metabolism
  • Linoleic acid metabolism
  • Vascular smooth muscle contraction
Reactions
Phosphatidylcholine + Water → 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate details
Phosphatidylcholine + Water → 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Fatty acid details
Phosphatidylcholine + Water → 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Arachidonic acid details
Phosphatidylethanolamine + Water → 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + Fatty acid details
Phosphatidylcholine + Water → 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Linoleic acid details
O-1-Alk-1-enyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + Water → 1-(1-Alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + Carboxylate details
1-Radyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Water → 1-Organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Carboxylate details
Phosphatidylcholine + Water → 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + alpha-Linolenic acid details
GO Classification
Biological Process
phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling
phosphatidylethanolamine acyl-chain remodeling
chemotaxis
lipid catabolic process
cardiolipin acyl-chain remodeling
cardiolipin biosynthetic process
cell death
Cellular Component
cytosol
centrosome
membrane
Molecular Function
phospholipase A2 activity
calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity
Process
metabolic process
primary metabolic process
lipid metabolic process
Cellular Location
  1. Isoform SH-iPLA2:Cytoplasm
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 22
Locus 22q13.1
SNPs PLA2G6
Gene Sequence
>2421 bp
ATGCAGTTCTTTGGCCGCCTGGTCAATACCTTCAGTGGCGTCACCAACTTGTTCTCTAAC
CCATTCCGGGTGAAGGAGGTGGCTGTGGCCGACTACACCTCGAGTGACCGAGTTCGGGAG
GAAGGGCAGCTGATTCTGTTCCAGAACACTCCCAACCGCACCTGGGACTGCGTCCTGGTC
AACCCCAGGAACTCACAGAGTGGATTCCGACTCTTCCAGCTGGAGTTGGAGGCTGACGCC
CTAGTGAATTTCCATCAGTATTCTTCCCAGCTGCTACCCTTCTATGAGAGCTCCCCTCAG
GTCCTGCACACTGAGGTCCTGCAGCACCTGACCGACCTCATCCGTAACCACCCCAGCTGG
TCAGTGGCCCACCTGGCTGTGGAGCTAGGGATCCGCGAGTGCTTCCATCACAGCCGTATC
ATCAGCTGTGCCAATTGCGCGGAGAACGAGGAGGGCTGCACACCCCTGCACCTGGCCTGC
CGCAAGGGTGATGGGGAGATCCTGGTGGAGCTGGTGCAGTACTGCCACACTCAGATGGAT
GTCACCGACTACAAGGGAGAGACCGTCTTCCATTATGCTGTCCAGGGTGACAATTCTCAG
GTGCTGCAGCTCCTTGGAAGGAACGCAGTGGCTGGCCTGAACCAGGTGAATAACCAAGGG
CTGACCCCGCTGCACCTGGCCTGCCAGCTGGGGAAGCAGGAGATGGTCCGCGTGCTGCTG
CTGTGCAATGCTCGGTGCAACATCATGGGCCCCAACGGCTACCCCATCCACTCGGCCATG
AAGTTCTCTCAGAAGGGGTGTGCGGAGATGATCATCAGCATGGACAGCAGCCAGATCCAC
AGCAAAGACCCCCGTTACGGAGCCAGCCCCCTCCACTGGGCCAAGAACGCAGAGATGGCC
CGCATGCTGCTGAAACGGGGCTGCAACGTGAACAGCACCAGCTCCGCGGGGAACACGGCC
CTGCACGTGGCGGTGATGCGCAACCGCTTCGACTGTGCCATAGTGCTGCTGACCCACGGG
GCCAACGCGGATGCCCGCGGAGAGCACGGCAACACCCCGCTGCACCTGGCCATGTCGAAA
GACAACGTGGAGATGATCAAGGCCCTCATCGTGTTCGGAGCAGAAGTGGACACCCCGAAT
GACTTTGGGGAGACTCCTACATTCCTAGCCTCCAAAATCGGCAGACTTGTCACCAGGAAG
GCGATCTTGACTCTGCTGAGAACCGTGGGGGCCGAATACTGCTTCCCACCCATCCACGGG
GTCCCCGCGGAGCAGGGCTCTGCAGCGCCACATCATCCCTTCTCCCTGGAAAGAGCTCAG
CCCCCACCGATCAGCCTAAACAACCTAGAACTACAGGATCTCATGCACATCTCACGGGCC
CGGAAGCCAGCGTTCATCCTGGGCTCCATGAGGGACGAGAAGCGGACCCACGACCACCTG
CTGTGCCTGGATGGAGGAGGAGTGAAAGGCCTCATCATCATCCAGCTCCTCATCGCCATC
GAGAAGGCCTCGGGTGTGGCCACCAAGGACCTGTTTGACTGGGTGGCGGGCACCAGCACT
GGAGGCATCCTGGCCCTGGCCATTCTGCACAGTAAGTCCATGGCCTACATGCGCGGCATG
TACTTTCGCATGAAGGATGAGGTGTTCCGGGGCTCCAGGCCCTACGAGTCGGGGCCCCTG
GAGGAGTTCCTGAAGCGGGAGTTTGGGGAGCACACCAAGATGACGGACGTCAGGAAACCC
AAGGTGATGCTGACAGGGACACTGTCTGACCGGCAGCCGGCTGAACTCCACCTCTTCCGG
AACTACGATGCTCCAGAAACTGTCCGGGAGCCTCGTTTCAACCAGAACGTTAACCTCAGG
CCTCCAGCTCAGCCCTCAGACCAGCTGGTGTGGCGGGCGGCCCGAAGCAGCGGGGCAGCT
CCTACTTACTTCCGACCCAATGGGCGCTTCCTGGACGGTGGGCTGCTGGCCAACAACCCC
ACGCTGGATGCCATGACCGAGATCCATGAGTACAATCAGGACCTGATCCGCAAGGGTCAG
GCCAACAAGGTGAAGAAACTCTCCATCGTTGTCTCCCTGGGGACAGGGAGGTCCCCACAA
GTGCCTGTGACCTGTGTGGATGTCTTCCGTCCCAGCAACCCCTGGGAGCTGGCCAAGACT
GTTTTTGGGGCCAAGGAACTGGGCAAGATGGTGGTGGACTGTTGCACGGATCCAGACGGG
CGGGCTGTGGACCGGGCACGGGCCTGGTGCGAGATGGTCGGCATCCAGTACTTCAGATTG
AACCCCCAGCTGGGGACGGACATCATGCTGGATGAGGTCAGTGACACAGTGCTGGTCAAC
GCCCTCTGGGAGACCGAGGTCTACATCTATGAGCACCGCGAGGAGTTCCAGAAGCTCATC
CACCTGCTGCTCTCACCCTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 806
Molecular Weight 84092.635
Theoretical pI 7.235
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
MQFFGRLVNTFSGVTNLFSNPFRVKEVAVADYTSSDRVREEGQLILFQNTPNRTWDCVLV
NPRNSQSGFRLFQLELEADALVNFHQYSSQLLPFYESSPQVLHTEVLQHLTDLIRNHPSW
SVAHLAVELGIRECFHHSRIISCANCAENEEGCTPLHLACRKGDGEILVELVQYCHTQMD
VTDYKGETVFHYAVQGDNSQVLQLLGRNAVAGLNQVNNQGLTPLHLACQLGKQEMVRVLL
LCNARCNIMGPNGYPIHSAMKFSQKGCAEMIISMDSSQIHSKDPRYGASPLHWAKNAEMA
RMLLKRGCNVNSTSSAGNTALHVAVMRNRFDCAIVLLTHGANADARGEHGNTPLHLAMSK
DNVEMIKALIVFGAEVDTPNDFGETPTFLASKIGRLVTRKAILTLLRTVGAEYCFPPIHG
VPAEQGSAAPHHPFSLERAQPPPISLNNLELQDLMHISRARKPAFILGSMRDEKRTHDHL
LCLDGGGVKGLIIIQLLIAIEKASGVATKDLFDWVAGTSTGGILALAILHSKSMAYMRGM
YFRMKDEVFRGSRPYESGPLEEFLKREFGEHTKMTDVRKPKVMLTGTLSDRQPAELHLFR
NYDAPETVREPRFNQNVNLRPPAQPSDQLVWRAARSSGAAPTYFRPNGRFLDGGLLANNP
TLDAMTEIHEYNQDLIRKGQANKVKKLSIVVSLGTGRSPQVPVTCVDVFRPSNPWELAKT
VFGAKELGKMVVDCCTDPDGRAVDRARAWCEMVGIQYFRLNPQLGTDIMLDEVSDTVLVN
ALWETEVYIYEHREEFQKLIQLLLSP
GenBank ID Protein 3142700
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O60733
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2G6_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID AF064594
GeneCard ID PLA2G6
GenAtlas ID PLA2G6
HGNC ID HGNC:9039
References
General References
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  3. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed:10591208 ]
  4. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed:17974005 ]
  5. Larsson PK, Claesson HE, Kennedy BP: Multiple splice variants of the human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and their effect on enzyme activity. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 2;273(1):207-14. [PubMed:9417066 ]
  6. Ma Z, Wang X, Nowatzke W, Ramanadham S, Turk J: Human pancreatic islets express mRNA species encoding two distinct catalytically active isoforms of group VI phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) that arise from an exon-skipping mechanism of alternative splicing of the transcript from the iPLA2 gene on chromosome 22q13.1. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 2;274(14):9607-16. [PubMed:10092647 ]
  7. Larsson Forsell PK, Kennedy BP, Claesson HE: The human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 gene multiple enzymes with distinct properties from a single gene. Eur J Biochem. 1999 Jun;262(2):575-85. [PubMed:10336645 ]
  8. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed:15461802 ]
  9. Malhotra A, Edelman-Novemsky I, Xu Y, Plesken H, Ma J, Schlame M, Ren M: Role of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 in the pathogenesis of Barth syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 17;106(7):2337-41. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0811224106. Epub 2009 Jan 21. [PubMed:19164547 ]
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  12. Paisan-Ruiz C, Bhatia KP, Li A, Hernandez D, Davis M, Wood NW, Hardy J, Houlden H, Singleton A, Schneider SA: Characterization of PLA2G6 as a locus for dystonia-parkinsonism. Ann Neurol. 2009 Jan;65(1):19-23. doi: 10.1002/ana.21415. [PubMed:18570303 ]