Hmdb loader
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP03091
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 8628
Name Dual oxidase 2
Synonyms
  1. Large NOX 2
  2. Long NOX 2
  3. NADH/NADPH thyroid oxidase p138-tox
  4. NADPH oxidase/peroxidase DUOX2
  5. NADPH thyroid oxidase 2
  6. Thyroid oxidase 2
  7. p138 thyroid oxidase
Gene Name DUOX2
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in calcium ion binding
Specific Function Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain.
Pathways
  • thyroid hormone biosynthesis
  • Thyroid hormone synthesis
Reactions
NAD(P)H + Oxygen → NAD(P)(+) + Hydrogen peroxide details
GO Classification
Biological Process
response to virus
bone mineralization
cuticle development
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
hormone biosynthetic process
thyroid hormone generation
adenohypophysis morphogenesis
fertilization
inner ear development
thyroid gland development
multicellular organism growth
hydrogen peroxide catabolic process
response to cAMP
Cellular Component
apical plasma membrane
integral to membrane
Component
cell part
membrane part
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Function
peroxidase activity
ion binding
cation binding
metal ion binding
binding
catalytic activity
transition metal ion binding
nucleoside binding
purine nucleoside binding
adenyl nucleotide binding
electron carrier activity
iron ion binding
antioxidant activity
heme binding
oxidoreductase activity
fad or fadh2 binding
calcium ion binding
Molecular Function
heme binding
NAD(P)H oxidase activity
peroxidase activity
calcium ion binding
Process
response to stimulus
response to stress
response to oxidative stress
metabolic process
oxidation reduction
Cellular Location
  1. Multi-pass membrane protein
  2. Apical cell membrane
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 15
Locus 15q15.3
SNPs DUOX2
Gene Sequence
>4647 bp
ATGCTCCGTGCAAGACCAGAGGCACTGATGCTCCTGGGAGCTCTTCTGACTGGATCCCTG
GGTCCATCGGGCAATCAGGACGCACTCTCACTGCCCTGGGAAGTGCAGCGCTATGACGGC
TGGTTTAACAACCTGAGGCACCACGAGCGTGGTGCTGTTGGCTGCCGGTTGCAGCGCCGC
GTACCAGCCAATTACGCCGACGGTGTGTATCAGGCTCTGGAGGAGCCGCAGCTGCCCAAC
CCGCGCCGGCTCAGCAACGCAGCCACGCGGGGCATAGCCGGCCTGCCGTCGCTCCACAAC
CGCACCGTACTGGGGGTCTTCTTTGGCTACCATGTTCTTTCCGACGTGGTGAGCGTGGAA
ACGCCCGGTTGCCCCGCCGAGTTCCTCAACATCCGCATCCCACCTGGAGACCCCGTGTTC
GACCCCGACCAGCGCGGGGACGTGGTGCTGCCCTTCCAGAGGAGCCGCTGGGACCCCGAG
ACCGGACGGAGTCCCAGCAACCCCCGGGACCTGGCCAACCAGGTGACGGGCTGGCTGGAC
GGCAGCGCCATCTATGGCTCCTCGCACTCCTGGAGCGACGCGCTGCGGAGCTTCTCGGGG
GGACAGCTGGCGTCGGGGCCCGACCCCGCTTTCCCCCGAGACTCGCAGAACCCCCTGCTC
ATGTGGGCGGCGCCCGACCCCGCCACCGGGCAGAACGGGCCCCGGGGGCTGTACGCCTTC
GGGGCAGAGAGAGGGAACCGGGAACCCTTCCTGCAGGCGCTGGGCCTGCTCTGGTTCCGC
TACCACAACCTGTGGGCGCAGAGGCTGGCCCGCCAGCACCCAGACTGGGAGGACGAGGAG
CTGTTCCAGCACGCACGCAAGAGGGTCATCGCCACCTACCAGAACATCGCTGTGTATGAG
TGGCTGCCCAGCTTCCTGCAGAAAACACTCCCGGAGTATACAGGATACCGTCCTTTCCTA
GACCCCAGCATCTCCCCGGAATTTGTGGTGGCCTCTGAGCAGTTCTTCTCTACCATGGTG
CCCCCTGGTGTCTACATGAGAAATGCCAGCTGTCATTTCCGGAAGGTCCTGAACAAGGGT
TTTCAAAGCTCCCAAGCTCTCAGGGTCTGCAACAACTACTGGATTCGGGAGAACCCCAAT
CTGAACAGTACCCAGGAGGTGAATGAGCTGCTGCTGGGAATGGCCTCCCAGATTTCGGAG
TTGGAGGACAACATAGTGGTTGAAGATCTGAGGGATTACTGGCCTGGCCCTGGCAAATTC
TCCCGTACAGACTATGTGGCCAGCAGCATCCAACGTGGCCGAGATATGGGGCTGCCCAGC
TATAGCCAGGCCCTGCTGGCCTTTGGGCTGGACATCCCAAGGAACTGGAGTGATCTCAAC
CCTAATGTGGACCCCCAGGTGCTGGAGGCCACAGCTGCCCTGTACAACCAGGACCTATCC
CAGCTAGAGCTGCTCCTTGGGGGGCTCCTGGAGAGCCATGGGGACCCTGGACCCCTGTTC
AGTGCCATTGTCCTCGACCAGTTTGTACGGCTGCGGGATGGTGACCGCTACTGGTTTGAG
AACACCAGGAATGGGCTGTTCTCCAAGAAGGAGATTGAAGACATCCGAAATACCACCCTG
CGGGACGTGCTGGTCGCTGTTATCAACATTGACCCCAGTGCCCTGCAGCCCAATGTCTTT
GTCTGGCATAAAGGTGCACCCTGCCCTCAACCTAAGCAGCTCACAACTGACGGCCTGCCC
CAGTGTGCACCCCTGACTGTGCTTGACTTCTTTGAAGGCAGCAGCCCTGGTTTTGCCATC
ACCATCATTGCTCTCTGCTGCCTTCCCTTAGTGAGTCTGCTTCTCTCTGGAGTGGTGGCC
TATTTCCGGGGCCGAGAACACAAGAAGCTACAAAAGAAACTCAAAGAGAGCGTGAAGAAG
GAAGCAGCCAAAGATGGAGTGCCAGCGATGGAGTGGCCAGGCCCCAAGGAGAGGAGCAGT
CCCATCATCATCCAGCTGCTGTCAGACAGGTGTCTGCAGGTCCTGAACAGGCATCTCACT
GTGCTCCGTGTGGTCCAGCTGCAGCCTCTGCAGCAGGTCAACCTCATCCTGTCCAACAAC
CGAGGATGCCGCACCCTGCTGCTCAAGATCCCTAAGGAGTATGACCTGGTGCTGCTGTTT
AGTTCTGAAGAGGAACGGGGCGCCTTTGTGCAGCAGCTATGGGACTTCTGCGTGCGCTGG
GCTCTGGGCCTCCATGTGGCTGAGATGAGCGAGAAGGAGCTATTTAGGAAGGCTGTGACA
AAGCAGCAGCGGGAACGCATCCTGGAGATCTTCTTCAGACACCTTTTTGCTCAGGTGCTG
GACATCAACCAGGCCGACGCAGGGACCCTGCCCCTGGACTCCTCCCAGAAGGTGCGGGAG
GCCCTGACCTGCGAGCTGAGCAGGGCCGAGTTTGCCGAGTCCCTGGGCCTCAAGCCCCAG
GACATGTTTGTGGAGTCCATGTTCTCTCTGGCTGACAAGGATGGCAATGGCTACCTGTCC
TTCCGAGAGTTCCTGGACATCCTGGTGGTCTTCATGAAAGGCTCCCCAGAGGATAAGTCC
CGTCTAATGTTTACCATGTATGACCTGGATGAGAATGGCTTCCTCTCCAAGGACGAATTC
TTCACCATGATGCGATCCTTCATCGAGATCTCCAACAACTGCCTGTCCAAGGCCCAGCTG
GCCGAGGTGGTGGAGTCTATGTTCCGGGAGTCGGGATTCCAGGACAAGGAGGAGCTGACA
TGGGAGGATTTTCACTTCATGCTGCGGGACCATGACAGCGAGCTCCGCTTCACGCAGCTC
TGTGTCAAAGGTGGAGGTGGAGGTGGAAATGGTATTAGAGATATCTTTAAACAAAACATC
AGCTGTCGAGTCTCGTTCATCACTCGGACACCTGGGGAGCGCTCCCACCCCCAGGGACTG
GGGCCCCCTGCCCCAGAAGCCCCAGAGCTGGGAGGCCCTGGACTGAAGAAGAGGTTTGGC
AAAAAGGCAGCAGTGCCCACTCCCCGGCTGTACACAGAGGCGCTGCAAGAGAAGATGCAG
CGAGGCTTCCTAGCCCAAAAGCTGCAGCAGTACAAGCGCTTCGTGGAGAACTACCGGAGG
CACATCGTGTGTGTGGCAATCTTCTCGGCCATCTGTGTTGGCGTGTTTGCAGATCGTGCT
TACTACTATGGCTTTGCCTCGCCACCCTCGGACATTGCACAGACCACCCTCGTGGGCATC
ATCCTGTCACGAGGCACGGCGGCCAGCGTCTCCTTCATGTTCTCTTATATCTTGCTCACC
ATGTGCCGCAACCTCATAACCTTCCTGCGAGAGACTTTCCTCAACCGCTATGTGCCTTTT
GATGCCGCAGTGGACTTCCACCGCTGGATCGCCATGGCTGCTGTTGTCCTGGCCATTTTG
CACAGTGCTGGCCACGCAGTCAATGTCTACATCTTCTCAGTCAGCCCACTCAGCCTGCTG
GCCTGCATATTCCCCAACGTCTTTGTGAATGATGGGTCCAAGCTTCCCCAGAAGTTCTAT
TGGTGGTTCTTCCAGACCGTCCCAGGTATGACAGGTGTGCTTCTGCTCCTGGTCCTGGCC
ATCATGTATGTCTTCGCCTCCCACCACTTCCGCCGCCGCAGCTTCCGGGGCTTCTGGCTG
ACCCACCACCTCTACATCCTGCTCTATGCCCTGCTCATCATCCATGGCAGCTATGCTCTG
ATCCAGCTGCCCACTTTCCACATCTACTTCCTGGTCCCGGCAATCATCTATGGAGGTGAC
AAGCTGGTGAGCCTGAGCCGGAAGAAGGTGGAGATCAGCGTGGTGAAGGCGGAGCTGCTG
CCCTCAGGAGTGACCTACCTGCAATTCCAGAGGCCCCAAGGCTTTGAGTACAAGTCAGGA
CAGTGGGTGCGGATCGCCTGCCTGGCTCTGGGGACCACCGAGTACCACCCCTTCACACTG
ACCTCCGCGCCCCATGAGGACACACTCAGCCTGCACATCCGGGCAGTGGGGCCCTGGACC
ACTCGCCTCAGGGAGATCTACTCATCCCCAAAGGGCAATGGCTGTGCTGGATACCCAAAG
CTGTACCTTGATGGACCGTTTGGAGAGGGCCATCAGGAGTGGCATAAATTTGAGGTGTCA
GTGTTGGTGGGAGGGGGCATTGGGGTCACCCCCTTTGCCTCCATCCTCAAAGACCTGGTC
TTCAAGTCATCCTTGGGCAGCCAAATGCTGTGTAAGAAGATCTACTTCATCTGGGTGACA
CGGACCCAGCGTCAGTTTGAGTGGCTGGCTGACATCATCCAAGAGGTGGAGGAGAACGAC
CACCAGGACCTGGTGTCTGTGCACATTTATGTCACCCAGCTGGCTGAGAAGTTCGACCTC
AGGACCACCATGCTATACATCTGCGAGCGGCACTTCCAGAAAGTGCTGAACCGGAGTCTG
TTCACGGGCCTGCGCTCCATCACCCACTTTGGCCGTCCCCCCTTCGAGCCCTTCTTCAAC
TCCCTGCAGGAGGTCCACCCACAGGTGCGCAAGATCGGGGTGTTCAGCTGCGGCCCTCCA
GGAATGACCAAGAATGTAGAGAAGGCCTGTCAGCTCGTCAACAGGCAGGACCGAGCCCAC
TTCATGCACCACTATGAGAACTTCTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 1548
Molecular Weight 175362.865
Theoretical pI 7.854
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Dual oxidase 2
MLRARPEALMLLGALLTGSLGPSGNQDALSLPWEVQRYDGWFNNLRHHERGAVGCRLQRR
VPANYADGVYQALEEPQLPNPRRLSNAATRGIAGLPSLHNRTVLGVFFGYHVLSDVVSVE
TPGCPAEFLNIRIPPGDPVFDPDQRGDVVLPFQRSRWDPETGRSPSNPRDLANQVTGWLD
GSAIYGSSHSWSDALRSFSGGQLASGPDPAFPRDSQNPLLMWAAPDPATGQNGPRGLYAF
GAERGNREPFLQALGLLWFRYHNLWAQRLARQHPDWEDEELFQHARKRVIATYQNIAVYE
WLPSFLQKTLPEYTGYRPFLDPSISPEFVVASEQFFSTMVPPGVYMRNASCHFRKVLNKG
FQSSQALRVCNNYWIRENPNLNSTQEVNELLLGMASQISELEDNIVVEDLRDYWPGPGKF
SRTDYVASSIQRGRDMGLPSYSQALLAFGLDIPRNWSDLNPNVDPQVLEATAALYNQDLS
QLELLLGGLLESHGDPGPLFSAIVLDQFVRLRDGDRYWFENTRNGLFSKKEIEDIRNTTL
RDVLVAVINIDPSALQPNVFVWHKGAPCPQPKQLTTDGLPQCAPLTVLDFFEGSSPGFAI
TIIALCCLPLVSLLLSGVVAYFRGREHKKLQKKLKESVKKEAAKDGVPAMEWPGPKERSS
PIIIQLLSDRCLQVLNRHLTVLRVVQLQPLQQVNLILSNNRGCRTLLLKIPKEYDLVLLF
SSEEERGAFVQQLWDFCVRWALGLHVAEMSEKELFRKAVTKQQRERILEIFFRHLFAQVL
DINQADAGTLPLDSSQKVREALTCELSRAEFAESLGLKPQDMFVESMFSLADKDGNGYLS
FREFLDILVVFMKGSPEDKSRLMFTMYDLDENGFLSKDEFFTMMRSFIEISNNCLSKAQL
AEVVESMFRESGFQDKEELTWEDFHFMLRDHDSELRFTQLCVKGGGGGGNGIRDIFKQNI
SCRVSFITRTPGERSHPQGLGPPAPEAPELGGPGLKKRFGKKAAVPTPRLYTEALQEKMQ
RGFLAQKLQQYKRFVENYRRHIVCVAIFSAICVGVFADRAYYYGFASPPSDIAQTTLVGI
ILSRGTAASVSFMFSYILLTMCRNLITFLRETFLNRYVPFDAAVDFHRWIAMAAVVLAIL
HSAGHAVNVYIFSVSPLSLLACIFPNVFVNDGSKLPQKFYWWFFQTVPGMTGVLLLLVLA
IMYVFASHHFRRRSFRGFWLTHHLYILLYALLIIHGSYALIQLPTFHIYFLVPAIIYGGD
KLVSLSRKKVEISVVKAELLPSGVTYLQFQRPQGFEYKSGQWVRIACLALGTTEYHPFTL
TSAPHEDTLSLHIRAVGPWTTRLREIYSSPKGNGCAGYPKLYLDGPFGEGHQEWHKFEVS
VLVGGGIGVTPFASILKDLVFKSSLGSQMLCKKIYFIWVTRTQRQFEWLADIIQEVEEND
HQDLVSVHIYVTQLAEKFDLRTTMLYICERHFQKVLNRSLFTGLRSITHFGRPPFEPFFN
SLQEVHPQVRKIGVFSCGPPGMTKNVEKACQLVNRQDRAHFMHHYENF
GenBank ID Protein 132566532
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NRD8
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DUOX2_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID NM_014080.4
GeneCard ID DUOX2
GenAtlas ID DUOX2
HGNC ID HGNC:13273
References
General References
  1. Zody MC, Garber M, Sharpe T, Young SK, Rowen L, O'Neill K, Whittaker CA, Kamal M, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Kodira CD, Madan A, Qin S, Yang X, Abbasi N, Abouelleil A, Arachchi HM, Baradarani L, Birditt B, Bloom S, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Burke J, Butler J, Cook A, DeArellano K, DeCaprio D, Dorris L 3rd, Dors M, Eichler EE, Engels R, Fahey J, Fleetwood P, Friedman C, Gearin G, Hall JL, Hensley G, Johnson E, Jones C, Kamat A, Kaur A, Locke DP, Madan A, Munson G, Jaffe DB, Lui A, Macdonald P, Mauceli E, Naylor JW, Nesbitt R, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Ratcliffe A, Rounsley S, She X, Sneddon KM, Stewart S, Sougnez C, Stone SM, Topham K, Vincent D, Wang S, Zimmer AR, Birren BW, Hood L, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: Analysis of the DNA sequence and duplication history of human chromosome 15. Nature. 2006 Mar 30;440(7084):671-5. [PubMed:16572171 ]
  2. Wang D, De Deken X, Milenkovic M, Song Y, Pirson I, Dumont JE, Miot F: Identification of a novel partner of duox: EFP1, a thioredoxin-related protein. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jan 28;280(4):3096-103. Epub 2004 Nov 22. [PubMed:15561711 ]
  3. De Deken X, Wang D, Many MC, Costagliola S, Libert F, Vassart G, Dumont JE, Miot F: Cloning of two human thyroid cDNAs encoding new members of the NADPH oxidase family. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 28;275(30):23227-33. [PubMed:10806195 ]
  4. Edens WA, Sharling L, Cheng G, Shapira R, Kinkade JM, Lee T, Edens HA, Tang X, Sullards C, Flaherty DB, Benian GM, Lambeth JD: Tyrosine cross-linking of extracellular matrix is catalyzed by Duox, a multidomain oxidase/peroxidase with homology to the phagocyte oxidase subunit gp91phox. J Cell Biol. 2001 Aug 20;154(4):879-91. [PubMed:11514595 ]
  5. Dupuy C, Ohayon R, Valent A, Noel-Hudson MS, Deme D, Virion A: Purification of a novel flavoprotein involved in the thyroid NADPH oxidase. Cloning of the porcine and human cdnas. J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 24;274(52):37265-9. [PubMed:10601291 ]
  6. De Deken X, Wang D, Dumont JE, Miot F: Characterization of ThOX proteins as components of the thyroid H(2)O(2)-generating system. Exp Cell Res. 2002 Feb 15;273(2):187-96. [PubMed:11822874 ]
  7. Moreno JC, Bikker H, Kempers MJ, van Trotsenburg AS, Baas F, de Vijlder JJ, Vulsma T, Ris-Stalpers C: Inactivating mutations in the gene for thyroid oxidase 2 (THOX2) and congenital hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 11;347(2):95-102. [PubMed:12110737 ]
  8. Geiszt M, Witta J, Baffi J, Lekstrom K, Leto TL: Dual oxidases represent novel hydrogen peroxide sources supporting mucosal surface host defense. FASEB J. 2003 Aug;17(11):1502-4. Epub 2003 Jun 3. [PubMed:12824283 ]
  9. Schwarzer C, Machen TE, Illek B, Fischer H: NADPH oxidase-dependent acid production in airway epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 27;279(35):36454-61. Epub 2004 Jun 21. [PubMed:15210697 ]
  10. El Hassani RA, Benfares N, Caillou B, Talbot M, Sabourin JC, Belotte V, Morand S, Gnidehou S, Agnandji D, Ohayon R, Kaniewski J, Noel-Hudson MS, Bidart JM, Schlumberger M, Virion A, Dupuy C: Dual oxidase2 is expressed all along the digestive tract. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 May;288(5):G933-42. Epub 2004 Dec 9. [PubMed:15591162 ]
  11. Ameziane-El-Hassani R, Morand S, Boucher JL, Frapart YM, Apostolou D, Agnandji D, Gnidehou S, Ohayon R, Noel-Hudson MS, Francon J, Lalaoui K, Virion A, Dupuy C: Dual oxidase-2 has an intrinsic Ca2+-dependent H2O2-generating activity. J Biol Chem. 2005 Aug 26;280(34):30046-54. Epub 2005 Jun 22. [PubMed:15972824 ]
  12. Vigone MC, Fugazzola L, Zamproni I, Passoni A, Di Candia S, Chiumello G, Persani L, Weber G: Persistent mild hypothyroidism associated with novel sequence variants of the DUOX2 gene in two siblings. Hum Mutat. 2005 Oct;26(4):395. [PubMed:16134168 ]
  13. Varela V, Rivolta CM, Esperante SA, Gruneiro-Papendieck L, Chiesa A, Targovnik HM: Three mutations (p.Q36H, p.G418fsX482, and g.IVS19-2A>C) in the dual oxidase 2 gene responsible for congenital goiter and iodide organification defect. Clin Chem. 2006 Feb;52(2):182-91. Epub 2005 Dec 1. [PubMed:16322276 ]