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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:09 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001338
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB0059623
  • HMDB01338
  • HMDB59623
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePalmityl-CoA
Descriptionhexadecanoyl-CoA belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity. Thus, hexadecanoyl-CoA is considered to be a fatty ester lipid molecule. hexadecanoyl-CoA is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Outside of the human body, hexadecanoyl-CoA has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as hedge mustards, swedes, nances, pak choy, and sacred lotus. This could make hexadecanoyl-CoA a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.
Structure
Data?1600030876
Synonyms
ValueSource
coenzyme A, S-HexadecanoateChEBI
Palmitoyl coenzyme AChEBI
S-Palmitoylcoenzyme AChEBI
coenzyme A, S-Hexadecanoic acidGenerator
Hexadecanoyl-CoAChEBI
CoA, HexadecanoylMeSH
CoA, PalmitylMeSH
Hexadecanoyl CoAMeSH
coenzyme A, PalmitoylMeSH
Palmityl CoAMeSH
CoA, PalmitoylMeSH
Palmitoyl CoAMeSH
Hexadecanoyl-coenzyme AHMDB
Palmityl coenzyme AHMDB
Palmityl-CoAHMDB
Palmityl-coenzyme AHMDB
S-Palmityl coenzyme AHMDB
S-Palmityl-CoAHMDB
S-Palmityl-coenzyme AHMDB
Chemical FormulaC37H66N7O17P3S
Average Molecular Weight1005.943
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight1005.344873947
IUPAC Name{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-({[({[(3R)-3-[(2-{[2-(hexadecanoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropoxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy}methyl)-4-hydroxyoxolan-3-yl]oxy}phosphonic acid
Traditional Namepalmitoyl-coa
CAS Registry Number1763-10-6
SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)[C@H](O)C(C)(C)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2N
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C37H66N7O17P3S/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-28(46)65-21-20-39-27(45)18-19-40-35(49)32(48)37(2,3)23-58-64(55,56)61-63(53,54)57-22-26-31(60-62(50,51)52)30(47)36(59-26)44-25-43-29-33(38)41-24-42-34(29)44/h24-26,30-32,36,47-48H,4-23H2,1-3H3,(H,39,45)(H,40,49)(H,53,54)(H,55,56)(H2,38,41,42)(H2,50,51,52)/t26-,30-,31-,32+,36-/m1/s1
InChI KeyMNBKLUUYKPBKDU-BBECNAHFSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentHexoses
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Hexose monosaccharide
  • Oxane
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Hemiacetal
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Polyol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.74 g/LALOGPS
logP2.35ALOGPS
logP0.6ChemAxon
logS-2.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)0.82ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)4.01ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count17ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count9ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area363.63 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count34ChemAxon
Refractivity236.65 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability102.2 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
AllCCS[M+H]+292.78832859911
AllCCS[M-H]-294.92532859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+230.78530932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-229.23530932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-264.14430932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+237.58930932474
AllCCS[M+H]+292.832859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+293.432859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+292.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+292.032859911
AllCCS[M-H]-294.932859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-300.732859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-307.032859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Not Available
Spectra

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-2709000101-7863d2df84c4c4e06bd22016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-1829200000-77fb81a8f15c5d2b616c2016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-1914000000-016e1dd6b88c119f09b82016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0far-8971333504-cdf5697f5a74af8e63d12016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001r-2910301001-24e89da24748049880af2016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-056r-7900100000-2cd78f62ff0a7c2cb5b82016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-9000000000-a5e30ac28e6aa4c5b77d2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0ug0-9010201301-1162e12d8cb42839e7622021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004r-4102301209-063dede4760b705c02d92021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-d041dea4fa9f52102bd42021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-3801000429-6b8dc383575e6c3d2b722021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Palmityl-CoA 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-0001900000-a96e69193e5f6d6515462021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue Locations
  • Brain
  • Erythrocyte
  • Fibroblasts
  • Heart
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Lung
  • Neuron
  • Pancreas
  • Placenta
  • Skeletal Muscle
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022562
KNApSAcK IDC00007462
Chemspider ID559149
KEGG Compound IDC00154
BioCyc IDPALMITYL-COA
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound644109
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID15525
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Bajaj M, Suraamornkul S, Romanelli A, Cline GW, Mandarino LJ, Shulman GI, DeFronzo RA: Effect of a sustained reduction in plasma free fatty acid concentration on intramuscular long-chain fatty Acyl-CoAs and insulin action in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes. 2005 Nov;54(11):3148-53. [PubMed:16249438 ]
  2. Gohil K, Jones DA, Edwards RH: Fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria from needle biopsy samples of human skeletal muscle. Clin Sci (Lond). 1984 Feb;66(2):173-8. [PubMed:6319070 ]
  3. Berge RK, Hagen LE, Farstad M: Isolation of palmitoyl-CoA hydrolases from human blood platelets. Biochem J. 1981 Dec 1;199(3):639-47. [PubMed:6122441 ]
  4. Casteels M, Schepers L, Parmentier G, Eyssen HJ, Mannaerts GP: Activation and peroxisomal beta-oxidation of fatty acids and bile acid intermediates in liver from Bombina orientalis and from the rat. Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1989;92(1):129-32. [PubMed:2706931 ]
  5. Carroll JE, McGuire BS, Hall CL: Fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase enzymes in human skeletal muscle. Clin Chim Acta. 1986 Dec 30;161(3):327-33. [PubMed:3802539 ]
  6. Holloway GP, Bezaire V, Heigenhauser GJ, Tandon NN, Glatz JF, Luiken JJ, Bonen A, Spriet LL: Mitochondrial long chain fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid translocase/CD36 content and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity in human skeletal muscle during aerobic exercise. J Physiol. 2006 Feb 15;571(Pt 1):201-10. Epub 2005 Dec 15. [PubMed:16357012 ]
  7. Bakken AM, Farstad M: Identical subcellular distribution of palmitoyl-CoA and arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase activities in human blood platelets. Biochem J. 1989 Jul 1;261(1):71-6. [PubMed:2528345 ]
  8. Fukao T, Watanabe H, Orii K, Takahashi Y, Hirano A, Kondo T, Yamaguchi S, Aoyama T, Kondo N: Myopathic form of very-long chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency: evidence for temperature-sensitive mild mutations in both mutant alleles in a Japanese girl. Pediatr Res. 2001 Feb;49(2):227-31. [PubMed:11158518 ]
  9. Haughey NJ, Cutler RG, Tamara A, McArthur JC, Vargas DL, Pardo CA, Turchan J, Nath A, Mattson MP: Perturbation of sphingolipid metabolism and ceramide production in HIV-dementia. Ann Neurol. 2004 Feb;55(2):257-67. [PubMed:14755730 ]
  10. Tonsgard JH, Stephens JK, Rhead WJ, Penn D, Horwitz AL, Kirschner BS, Whitington PF, Berger S, Tripp ME: Defect in fatty acid oxidation: laboratory and pathologic findings in a patient. Pediatr Neurol. 1991 Mar-Apr;7(2):125-30. [PubMed:2059253 ]
  11. Wanders RJ, van Roermund CW, de Vries CT, van den Bosch H, Schrakamp G, Tager JM, Schram AW, Schutgens RB: Peroxisomal beta-oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA in human liver homogenates and its deficiency in the cerebro-hepato-renal (Zellweger) syndrome. Clin Chim Acta. 1986 Aug 30;159(1):1-10. [PubMed:2944672 ]
  12. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  13. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  14. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  15. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  16. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 150 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups
Specific function:
Abolishes BNIP3-mediated apoptosis and mitochondrial damage.
Gene Name:
ACAA2
Uniprot ID:
P42765
Molecular weight:
41923.82
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ACAA1
Uniprot ID:
P09110
Molecular weight:
34664.46
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
HADHB
Uniprot ID:
P55084
Molecular weight:
51293.955
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Plays a role in valine and pyrimidine metabolism. Binds fatty acyl-CoA.
Gene Name:
ALDH6A1
Uniprot ID:
Q02252
Molecular weight:
57839.31
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ACADL
Uniprot ID:
P28330
Molecular weight:
47655.275
Reactions
Palmityl-CoA + FAD → (2E)-Hexadecenoyl-CoA + FADHdetails
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ACADS
Uniprot ID:
P16219
Molecular weight:
44296.705
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
This enzyme is specific for acyl chain lengths of 4 to 16.
Gene Name:
ACADM
Uniprot ID:
P11310
Molecular weight:
46587.98
Reactions
Palmityl-CoA + FAD → (2E)-Hexadecenoyl-CoA + FADHdetails
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the desaturation of acyl-CoAs to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs. Isoform 1 shows highest activity against medium-chain fatty acyl-CoAs and activity decreases with increasing chain length. Isoform 2 is active against a much broader range of substrates and shows activity towards very long-chain acyl-CoAs. Isoform 2 is twice as active as isoform 1 against 16-hydroxy-palmitoyl-CoA and is 25% more active against 1,16-hexadecanodioyl-CoA.
Gene Name:
ACOX1
Uniprot ID:
Q15067
Molecular weight:
70135.205
Reactions
Palmityl-CoA + FAD → (2E)-Hexadecenoyl-CoA + FADHdetails
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Oxidizes the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and tri-hydroxycholestanoic acids.
Gene Name:
ACOX2
Uniprot ID:
Q99424
Molecular weight:
76826.14
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
IVD
Uniprot ID:
P26440
Molecular weight:
43055.325

Transporters

General function:
Lipid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Involved in translocation of long-chain fatty acids (LFCA) across the plasma membrane. The LFCA import appears to be hormone-regulated in a tissue-specific manner. In adipocytes, but not myocytes, insulin induces a rapid translocation of FATP1 from intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane, paralleled by increased LFCA uptake. May act directly as a bona fide transporter, or alternatively, in a cytoplasmic or membrane- associated multimeric protein complex to trap and draw fatty acids towards accumulation. Plays a pivotal role in regulating available LFCA substrates from exogenous sources in tissues undergoing high levels of beta-oxidation or triglyceride synthesis. May be involved in regulation of cholesterol metabolism. Has acyl-CoA ligase activity for long-chain and very-long-chain fatty acids
Gene Name:
SLC27A1
Uniprot ID:
Q6PCB7
Molecular weight:
71107.5

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 150 proteins in total.