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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Acetic acid (HMDB00042)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2009-05-29 10:14:57
Accession Number HMDB00042
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name Acetic acid
Description Acetic acid is one of the simplest carboxylic acids. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical that is used in the production of plastic soft drink bottles, photographic film; and polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, as well as many synthetic fibres and fabrics. In households diluted acetic acid is often used as a cleaning agent. In the food industry acetic acid is used as an acidity regulator. The acetyl group, derived from acetic acid, is fundamental to the biochemistry of virtually all forms of life. When bound to coenzyme A it is central to the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. However, the concentration of free acetic acid in cells is kept at a low level to avoid disrupting the control of the pH of the cell contents. Acetic acid is produced and excreted by certain bacteria, notably the Acetobacter genus and Clostridium acetobutylicum. These bacteria are found universally in foodstuffs, water, and soil, and acetic acid is produced naturally as fruits and some other foods spoil. Acetic acid is also a component of the vaginal lubrication of humans and other primates, where it appears to serve as a mild antibacterial agent.
Synonyms
  1. Acetate
  2. Ethanoate
  3. Ethanoic acid
  4. Ethylate
  5. Ethylic acid
  6. Glacial acetate
  7. Glacial acetic acid
  8. Kyselina octova
  9. Methanecarboxylate
  10. Methanecarboxylic acid
  11. Vinegar
  12. Vinegar acid
Chemical IUPAC Name acetic acid
Chemical Formula C2H4O2
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Organic acids
Class
  • Fatty Acids
Sub Class
  • Short chain fatty acids
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • carboxylic acid
Biofunction
  • Component of Glycerophospholipid metabolism
  • Component of Propanoate metabolism
  • Component of Pyruvate metabolism
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 60.052
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 60.021130
Isomeric SMILES CC(O)=O
Canonical SMILES CC(O)=O
KEGG Compound ID C00033 Link Image
BioCyc ID ACET Link Image
BiGG ID 33590 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Acetic acid Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB00042 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB00042 Link Image
METLIN ID 3206 Link Image
PubChem Compound 176 Link Image
PubChem Substance 11538534 Link Image
ChEBI ID 15366 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 64-19-7
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C2H4O2/c1-2(3)4/h1H3,(H,3,4)
Synthesis Reference Law, David John. Process for the preparation of carboxylic acids and/or derivatives thereof. PCT Int. Appl. (2007), 14pp.
Melting Point (Experimental) 16.6 oC
Experimental Water Solubility 1000.0 mg/mL [MERCK INDEX (1996)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 323.0 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge -1
State Liquid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity -0.17 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -0.12 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -0.1 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID 1AT5 Link Image
Experimental PDB File Show
Experimental PDB Structure
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Varian)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
  • Extracellular
  • golgi apparatus
  • mitochondria
Biofluid Location
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Urine
Tissue Location
Tissue References
Most Tissues
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 30.4 (22.0-40.0) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 165-177. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp., Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Biofluid CSF
Value 284.0 +/- 126.0 uM
Age Children:1-13 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Subramanian A, Gupta A, Saxena S, Gupta A, Kumar R, Nigam A, Kumar R, Mandal SK, Roy R: Proton MR CSF analysis and a new software as predictors for the differentiation of meningitis in children. NMR Biomed. 2005 Jun;18(4):213-25. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 116.0 +/- 55.0 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 165-177. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp., Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Biofluid CSF
Value 100.0 +/- 30.0 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Commodari F, Arnold DL, Sanctuary BC, Shoubridge EA: 1H NMR characterization of normal human cerebrospinal fluid and the detection of methylmalonic acid in a vitamin B12 deficient patient. NMR Biomed. 1991 Aug;4(4):192-200. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 58.0 +/- 27.0 uM
Age N/A
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Wishart DS, Lewis MJ, Morrissey JA, Flegel MD, Jeroncic K, Xiong Y, Cheng D, Eisner R, Gautam B, Tzur D, Sawhney S, Bamforth F, Greiner R, Li L: The human cerebrospinal fluid metabolome. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2008 Aug 15;871(2):164-173. Epub 2008 May 8. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 44.7 +/- 52.6 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Biofluid Urine
Value 3.31 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Male
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Shaykhutdinov RA, MacInnis GD, Dowlatabadi R, Weljie AM, Vogel HJ. Quantitative analysis of metabolite concentrations in human urine samples using 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy. Metabolomics. 2009
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid CSF
Value 35.3 - 211.7 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Multiple sclerosis
Comments Not Available
References
  • Lutz NW, Viola A, Malikova I, Confort-Gouny S, Audoin B, Ranjeva JP, Pelletier J, Cozzone PJ: Inflammatory multiple-sclerosis plaques generate characteristic metabolic profiles in cerebrospinal fluid. PLoS ONE. 2007 Jul 4;2(7):e595. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 53.0 +/- 71.0 umol/mmol creatinine
Age N/A
Sex Both
Condition Lung Cancer
Comments Not Available
References
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Lung Cancer
Multiple sclerosis
  • Lutz NW, Viola A, Malikova I, Confort-Gouny S, Audoin B, Ranjeva JP, Pelletier J, Cozzone PJ: Inflammatory multiple-sclerosis plaques generate characteristic metabolic profiles in cerebrospinal fluid. PLoS ONE. 2007 Jul 4;2(7):e595. [PubMed Link Image]
OMIM ID
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Amino Sugar Metabolism SMP00045 Link Image map00520 Link Image
Ethanol Degradation SMP00449 Link Image
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis SMP00456 Link Image
Pyruvate Metabolism SMP00060 Link Image map00620 Link Image
General References
  1. Muniz-Junqueira MI, Braga Lopes C, Magalhaes CA, Schleicher CC, Veiga JP: Acute and chronic influence of hemodialysis according to the membrane used on phagocytic function of neutrophils and monocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines production in chronic renal failure patients. Life Sci. 2005 Nov 4;77(25):3141-55. Epub 2005 Jul 11. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Silwood CJ, Lynch E, Claxson AW, Grootveld MC: 1H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic analysis of human saliva. J Dent Res. 2002 Jun;81(6):422-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Sugawara G, Nagino M, Nishio H, Ebata T, Takagi K, Asahara T, Nomoto K, Nimura Y: Perioperative synbiotic treatment to prevent postoperative infectious complications in biliary cancer surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2006 Nov;244(5):706-14. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Camoutsis C, Trafalis D, Pairas G, Papageorgiou A: On the formation of 4-[N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl acetic acid esters of hecogenin and aza-homo-hecogenin and their antileukemic activity. Farmaco. 2005 Oct;60(10):826-9. Epub 2005 Aug 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Subramanian A, Gupta A, Saxena S, Gupta A, Kumar R, Nigam A, Kumar R, Mandal SK, Roy R: Proton MR CSF analysis and a new software as predictors for the differentiation of meningitis in children. NMR Biomed. 2005 Jun;18(4):213-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Nicholson JK, Foxall PJ, Spraul M, Farrant RD, Lindon JC: 750 MHz 1H and 1H-13C NMR spectroscopy of human blood plasma. Anal Chem. 1995 Mar 1;67(5):793-811. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Li M, Pan XL, Wang LL, Feng Y, Huang N, Wu Q, Li X, Wang BY: [Study of antmicrobial mechanisms of human cervical mucus: isolation and characterization of antibacterial polypeptides] Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2005 Apr 27;85(16):1109-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Vaca G, Hernandez A, Ibarra B, Velazquez A, Olivares N, Sanchez-Corona J, Medina C, Cantu JM: Detection of inborn errors of metabolism in 1,117 patients studied because of suspected inherited disease. Arch Invest Med (Mex). 1981;12(3):341-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Commodari F, Arnold DL, Sanctuary BC, Shoubridge EA: 1H NMR characterization of normal human cerebrospinal fluid and the detection of methylmalonic acid in a vitamin B12 deficient patient. NMR Biomed. 1991 Aug;4(4):192-200. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Yagi K, Nakamura A, Sekine A: [Magnification endoscopy diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus with methylene blue and acetic acid] Nippon Rinsho. 2005 Aug;63(8):1411-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Fan DD, Luo Y, Mi Y, Ma XX, Shang L: Characteristics of fed-batch cultures of recombinant Escherichia coli containing human-like collagen cDNA at different specific growth rates. Biotechnol Lett. 2005 Jun;27(12):865-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Syrjanen K, Naud P, Derchain S, Roteli-Martins C, Longatto-Filho A, Tatti S, Branca M, Erzen M, Hammes LS, Matos J, Gontijo R, Sarian L, Braganca J, Arlindo FC, Maeda MY, Lorincz A, Dores GB, Costa S, Syrjanen S: Comparing PAP smear cytology, aided visual inspection, screening colposcopy, cervicography and HPV testing as optional screening tools in Latin America. Study design and baseline data of the LAMS study. Anticancer Res. 2005 Sep-Oct;25(5):3469-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Yri OE, Bjoro T, Fossa SD: Failure to achieve castration levels in patients using leuprolide acetate in locally advanced prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2006 Jan;49(1):54-8; discussion 58. Epub 2005 Nov 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Wikipedia Link Image
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 12
  2. Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic
  3. Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial
  4. Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3
  5. 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
  6. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring
  7. Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
  8. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3
  9. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  10. Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
  11. Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial
  12. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase
  13. Acetylcholinesterase
  14. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit gamma
  15. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta
  16. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, cytoplasmic
  17. Sialate O-acetylesterase
  18. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2
  19. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1
  20. Acylphosphatase-2
  21. Acylphosphatase-1
  22. Aminoacylase-1
  23. Aspartoacylase
  24. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha
  25. N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol de-N-acetylase
  26. Aspartoacylase-2
  27. Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase
  28. Putative N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase
  29. Citrate lyase subunit beta-like protein, mitochondrial
  30. ACSS2 protein
  31. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member B1, isoform CRA_c
  32. Paraoxonase 2
  33. Paraoxonase 3 (HCG2023324, isoform CRA_a)
  34. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, 40kDa (Platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, 40kDa, isoform CRA_a)
  35. cDNA FLJ76635, highly similar to Homo sapiens phosphatidylinositol glycan, class L (PIGL), mRNA (Phosphatidylinositol glycan, class L, isoform CRA_b)
  36. cDNA, FLJ93559, Homo sapiens platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoformIb, alpha subunit 45kDa (PAFAH1B1), mRNA (Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform Ib, alpha subunit 45kDa)
  37. cDNA FLJ31531 fis, clone NT2RI2000585, highly similar to Sialate O-acetylesterase (EC 3.1.1.53)
  38. cDNA FLJ16680 fis, clone TLIVE2008221, highly similar to Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 12 (EC 3.1.2.1)
  39. cDNA, FLJ92383, Homo sapiens acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (common) type (ACYP1), mRNA (Acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (Common) type)
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5253
Enzyme 1 Name Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 12
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 12
  2. Acyl-CoA thioester hydrolase 12
  3. Cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA hydrolase 1
  4. CACH-1
  5. hCACH-1
  6. START domain-containing protein 15
  7. StARD15
Enzyme 1 Gene Name ACOT12
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 12
MERPAPGEVVMSQAIQPAHATARGELSAGQLLKWIDTTACLAAEKHAGVSCVTASVDDIQ
FEETARVGQVITIKAKVTRAFSTSMEISIKVMVQDMLTGIEKLVSVAFSTFVAKPVGKEK
IHLKPVTLLTEQDHVEHNLAAERRKVRLQHEDTFNNLMKESSKFDDLIFDEEEGAVSTRG
TSVQSIELVLPPHANHHGNTFGGQIMAWMETVATISASRLCWAHPFLKSVDMFKFRGPST
VGDRLVFTAIVNNTFQTCVEVGVRVEAFDCQEWAEGRGRHINSAFLIYNAADDKENLITF
PRIQPISKDDFRRYRGAIARKRIRLGRKYVISHKEEVPLCIHWDISKQASLSDSNVEALK
KLAAKRGWEVTSTVEKIKIYTLEEHDVLSVWVEKHVGSPAHLAYRLLSDFTKRPLWDPHF
VSCEVIDWVSEDDQLYHITCPILNDDKPKDLVVLVSRRKPLKDGNTYTVAVKSVILPSVP
PSPQYIRSEIICAGFLIHAIDSNSCIVSYFNHMSASILPYFAGNLGGWSKSIEETAASCI
QFLENPPDDGFVSTF
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 555
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 62033.5
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 6.76
Enzyme 1 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 1 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Hydrolyzes acetyl-CoA to acetate and CoA
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • acetyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + acetate [RN:R00227]
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 18307694 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8WYK0 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACO12_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >1668 bp
ATGGAGCGGCCGGCGCCCGGCGAGGTGGTCATGAGCCAAGCCATCCAGCCGGCGCACGCC
ACTGCGCGCGGCGAGCTGAGCGCGGGGCAGCTGCTCAAGTGGATCGACACCACCGCCTGC
CTGGCGGCTGAGAAACATGCTGGAGTTTCCTGCGTTACAGCCTCAGTGGATGACATACAG
TTTGAGGAGACAGCTAGAGTTGGACAAGTTATAACCATCAAAGCAAAAGTTACTAGAGCA
TTCAGCACAAGCATGGAGATCAGTATCAAGGTCATGGTACAGGATATGCTCACTGGCATT
GAGAAGCTTGTTAGTGTGGCTTTCTCCACATTTGTAGCCAAACCAGTTGGAAAAGAAAAG
ATTCATTTAAAACCAGTCACACTTCTAACTGAACAAGATCATGTGGAACATAATCTGGCT
GCTGAGAGAAGGAAAGTTCGATTACAACATGAAGATACCTTTAACAATTTAATGAAGGAA
AGTAGCAAATTTGATGATCTCATTTTTGATGAAGAGGAAGGAGCGGTTTCCACAAGGGGC
ACCTCCGTTCAGAGCATTGAACTGGTCCTCCCACCCCATGCAAACCATCACGGAAATACA
TTTGGTGGCCAGATTATGGCGTGGATGGAGACAGTGGCTACTATTTCTGCAAGCCGCCTG
TGTTGGGCTCATCCCTTTCTGAAGTCCGTAGATATGTTTAAGTTCCGGGGACCATCTACA
GTTGGAGATCGTCTTGTCTTCACTGCCATTGTCAACAATACATTTCAGACCTGTGTTGAA
GTTGGAGTTCGCGTGGAGGCCTTTGACTGTCAGGAATGGGCCGAGGGCCGAGGGCGTCAC
ATCAACAGTGCTTTTCTCATTTACAATGCTGCTGATGATAAGGAAAATCTCATCACGTTT
CCCAGAATCCAACCCATTTCAAAGGATGATTTCAGACGCTATCGGGGAGCTATTGCACGC
AAGCGAATTCGCCTAGGCAGAAAATATGTTATTTCCCACAAAGAAGAGGTTCCACTTTGC
ATACACTGGGATATCAGCAAGCAGGCATCCCTGAGTGACAGCAATGTGGAGGCCCTCAAA
AAACTGGCAGCCAAAAGGGGTTGGGAGGTTACCAGCACTGTGGAAAAGATAAAAATATAT
ACTCTGGAAGAGCATGATGTTTTATCTGTTTGGGTTGAAAAGCACGTGGGAAGTCCAGCA
CATTTGGCTTATCGTCTCTTGTCTGACTTTACAAAGCGACCTTTGTGGGACCCCCATTTT
GTGTCCTGTGAAGTCATAGACTGGGTGAGTGAAGATGATCAGCTGTATCACATCACCTGT
CCTATACTGAATGATGACAAACCCAAAGACTTGGTAGTACTCGTATCACGAAGAAAACCC
CTCAAAGATGGTAACACTTACACAGTGGCAGTGAAGTCGGTCATTTTGCCATCGGTCCCC
CCGTCTCCACAGTACATCAGAAGTGAAATCATATGTGCCGGATTTCTCATCCATGCTATT
GACAGCAATTCATGCATCGTATCTTACTTTAACCATATGTCTGCTAGCATCCTTCCTTAC
TTTGCTGGAAATCTTGGTGGCTGGTCAAAATCCATTGAAGAAACAGCAGCCTCTTGTATA
CAGTTCTTAGAGAATCCTCCTGATGATGGGTTTGTAAGCACATTTTAA
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID AB078619 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID ACOT12 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID ACOT12 Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:24436 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 1 Locus 5q14.1
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Suematsu N, Isohashi F: Molecular cloning and functional expression of human cytosolic acetyl-CoA hydrolase. Acta Biochim Pol. 2006;53(3):553-61. Epub 2006 Sep 2. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5266
Enzyme 2 Name Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. Acetate--CoA ligase
  2. Acetyl-CoA synthetase
  3. ACS
  4. AceCS
  5. Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2
  6. Acyl-activating enzyme
Enzyme 2 Gene Name ACSS2
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic
MGLPEERVRSGSGSRGQEEAGAGGRARSWSPPPEVSRSAHVPSLQRYRELHRRSVEEPRE
FWGDIAKEFYWKTPCPGPFLRYNFDVTKGKIFIEWMKGATTNICYNVLDRNVHEKKLGDK
VAFYWEGNEPGETTQITYHQLLVQVCQFSNVLRKQGIQKGDRVAIYMPMIPELVVAMLAC
ARIGALHSIVFAGFSSESLCERILDSSCSLLITTDAFYRGEKLVNLKELADEALQKCQEK
GFPVRCCIVVKHLGRAELGMGDSTSQSPPIKRSCPDVQISWNQGIDLWWHELMQEAGDEC
EPEWCDAEDPLFILYTSGSTGKPKGVVHTVGGYMLYVATTFKYVFDFHAEDVFWCTADIG
WITGHSYVTYGPLANGATSVLFEGIPTYPDVNRLWSIVDKYKVTKFYTAPTAIRLLMKFG
DEPVTKHSRASLQVLGTVGEPINPEAWLWYHRVVGAQRCPIVDTFWQTETGGHMLTPLPG
ATPMKPGSATFPFFGVAPAILNESGEELEGEAEGYLVFKQPWPGIMRTVYGNHERFETTY
FKKFPGYYVTGDGCQRDQDGYYWITGRIDDMLNVSGHLLSTAEVESALVEHEAVAEAAVV
GHPHPVKGECLYCFVTLCDGHTFSPKLTEELKKQIREKIGPIATPDYIQNAPGLPKTRSG
KIMRRVLRKIAQNDHDLGDMSTVADPSVISHLFSHRCLTIQ
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 701
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 78579.1
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 6.43
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • AMP binding
  • CoA-ligase activity
  • acetate-CoA ligase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • adenyl ribonucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • ligase activity, forming carbon-sulfur bonds
  • nucleoside binding
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Involved in acetate-CoA ligase activity
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Activates acetate so that it can be used for lipid synthesis or for energy generation
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • ATP + acetate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA [RN:R00235]
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NR19 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACSA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >2106 bp
ATGGGGCTTCCTGAGGAGCGGGTCCGGAGCGGCAGCGGGAGCCGGGGCCAGGAGGAAGCT
GGAGCCGGAGGCCGGGCGCGGAGTTGGTCTCCGCCGCCCGAGGTCAGCCGCTCCGCGCAC
GTCCCCTCGCTGCAGCGCTACCGCGAGCTGCACCGGCGCTCCGTGGAGGAGCCGCGGGAA
TTCTGGGGAGACATTGCCAAGGAATTTTACTGGAAGACTCCATGCCCTGGCCCATTCCTT
CGGTACAACTTTGATGTGACTAAAGGGAAAATCTTCATTGAGTGGATGAAAGGAGCAACT
ACCAACATCTGCTACAATGTACTGGATCGAAATGTCCATGAGAAAAAGCTTGGAGATAAA
GTTGCTTTTTACTGGGAGGGCAATGAGCCAGGGGAGACCACTCAGATCACATACCATCAG
CTTCTGGTCCAAGTGTGTCAGTTCAGCAATGTTCTCCGAAAACAGGGCATTCAGAAGGGG
GACCGAGTGGCCATCTACATGCCTATGATCCCAGAGCTTGTGGTGGCCATGCTGGCATGT
GCCCGCATTGGGGCTTTGCACTCCATTGTGTTTGCAGGCTTCTCTTCAGAGTCTCTATGT
GAACGGATCTTGGATTCCAGCTGCAGTCTTCTCATCACTACAGATGCCTTCTACAGGGGG
GAAAAGCTTGTGAACCTGAAGGAGCTGGCTGACGAGGCCCTGCAGAAGTGTCAGGAGAAG
GGTTTCCCAGTAAGATGCTGCATTGTGGTCAAGCACCTGGGGCGGGCAGAGCTCGGCATG
GGTGACTCCACCAGCCAGTCCCCCCCAATTAAGAGGTCATGCCCAGATGTGCAGATCTCA
TGGAACCAAGGGATTGACTTGTGGTGGCATGAGCTCATGCAAGAGGCAGGGGATGAGTGT
GAGCCCGAGTGGTGTGATGCCGAGGACCCACTCTTCATCCTGTACACCAGTGGCTCCACA
GGCAAACCCAAGGGTGTGGTTCACACAGTTGGGGGCTACATGCTCTATGTAGCCACAACC
TTCAAGTATGTGTTTGACTTCCATGCAGAGGATGTGTTCTGGTGCACGGCAGACATTGGT
TGGATCACTGGTCATTCCTACGTCACCTATGGGCCACTGGCCAATGGTGCCACCAGTGTT
TTGTTTGAGGGGATTCCCACATATCCGGACGTGAACCGCCTGTGGAGCATTGTGGACAAA
TACAAGGTGACCAAGTTCTACACAGCACCCACAGCCATCCGTCTGCTCATGAAGTTTGGA
GATGAGCCTGTCACCAAGCATAGCCGGGCATCCTTGCAGGTGTTAGGCACAGTGGGTGAA
CCCATCAACCCTGAGGCCTGGCTATGGTACCACCGGGTGGTAGGTGCCCAGCGCTGCCCC
ATCGTGGACACCTTCTGGCAAACAGAGACAGGTGGCCACATGTTGACTCCCCTTCCTGGT
GCCACACCCATGAAACCCGGTTCTGCTACTTTCCCATTCTTTGGTGTAGCTCCTGCAATC
CTGAATGAGTCCGGGGAAGAGTTGGAAGGTGAAGCTGAAGGTTATCTGGTGTTCAAGCAG
CCCTGGCCAGGGATCATGCGCACAGTCTATGGGAACCACGAACGCTTTGAGACAACCTAC
TTTAAGAAGTTTCCTGGATACTATGTTACAGGAGATGGCTGCCAGCGGGACCAGGATGGC
TATTACTGGATCACTGGCAGGATTGATGACATGCTCAATGTATCTGGACACCTGCTGAGT
ACAGCAGAGGTGGAGTCAGCACTTGTGGAACATGAGGCTGTTGCAGAGGCAGCTGTGGTG
GGCCACCCTCATCCTGTGAAGGGTGAATGCCTCTACTGCTTTGTCACCTTGTGTGATGGC
CACACCTTCAGCCCCAAGCTCACCGAGGAGCTCAAGAAGCAGATTAGAGAAAAGATTGGC
CCCATTGCCACACCAGACTACATCCAGAATGCACCTGGCTTGCCTAAAACCCGCTCAGGG
AAAATCATGAGGCGAGTGCTTCGGAAGATTGCTCAGAATGACCATGACCTCGGGGACATG
TCTACTGTGGCTGACCCATCTGTCATCAGTCACCTCTTCAGCCACCGCTGCCTGACCATC
CAGTGA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID AF263614 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID ACSS2 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID ACSS2 Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:15814 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 2 Locus 20q11.22
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Luong A, Hannah VC, Brown MS, Goldstein JL: Molecular characterization of human acetyl-CoA synthetase, an enzyme regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. J Biol Chem. 2000 Aug 25;275(34):26458-66. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Zahedi RP, Lewandrowski U, Wiesner J, Wortelkamp S, Moebius J, Schutz C, Walter U, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):526-34. Epub 2007 Dec 19. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 5271
Enzyme 3 Name Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. Acetate--CoA ligase 2
  2. Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2
  3. AceCS2
  4. Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 1
Enzyme 3 Gene Name ACSS1
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial
MAARTLGRGVGRLLGSLRGLSGQPARPPCGVSAPRRAASGPSGSAPAVAAAAAQPGSYPA
LSAQAAREPAAFWGPLARDTLVWDTPYHTVWDCDFSTGKIGWFLGGQLNVSVNCLDQHVR
KSPESVALIWERDEPGTEVRITYRELLETTCRLANTLKRHGVHRGDRVAIYMPVSPLAVA
AMLACARIGAVHTVIFAGFSAESLAGRINDAKCKVVITFNQGLRGGRVVELKKIVDEAVK
HCPTVQHVLVAHRTDNKVHMGDLDVPLEQEMAKEDPVCAPESMGSEDMLFMLYTSGSTGM
PKGIVHTQAGYLLYAALTHKLVFDHQPGDIFGCVADIGWITGHSYVVYGPLCNGATSVLF
ESTPVYPNAGRYWETVERLKINQFYGAPTAVRLLLKYGDAWVKKYDRSSLRTLGSVGEPI
NCEAWEWLHRVVGDSRCTLVDTWWQTETGGICIAPRPSEEGAEILPAMAMRPFFGIVPVL
MDEKGSVVEGSNVSGALCISQAWPGMARTIYGDHQRFVDAYFKAYPGYYFTGDGAYRTEG
GYYQITGRMDDVINISGHRLGTAEIEDAIADHPAVPESAVIGYPHDIKGEAAFAFIVVKD
SAGDSDVVVQELKSMVATKIAKYAVPDEILVVKRLPKTRSGKVMRRLLRKIITSEAQELG
DTTTLEDPSIIAEILSVYQKCKDKQAAAK
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 689
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 74856.1
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 7.11
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • AMP binding
  • CoA-ligase activity
  • acetate-CoA ligase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • adenyl ribonucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • ligase activity, forming carbon-sulfur bonds
  • nucleoside binding
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Involved in acetate-CoA ligase activity
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Important for maintaining normal body temperature during fasting and for energy homeostasis. Essential for energy expenditure under ketogenic conditions. Converts acetate to acetyl-CoA so that it can be used for oxidation through the tricarboxylic cycle to produce ATP and CO(2)
Enzyme 3 Pathways
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • ATP + acetate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA [RN:R00235]
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 24659677 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NUB1 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACS2L_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >2070 bp
ATGGCGGCGCGCACCCTGGGCCGCGGCGTCGGGAGGCTGCTGGGCAGCCTGCGAGGGCTC
TCGGGGCAGCCCGCGCGGCCGCCGTGCGGGGTGAGCGCGCCGCGCAGGGCGGCCTCGGGA
CCCTCGGGCAGCGCTCCCGCAGTTGCAGCAGCAGCAGCACAGCCAGGCTCGTATCCCGCG
CTGAGTGCACAGGCAGCCCGGGAGCCGGCCGCCTTCTGGGGGCCTCTGGCGCGGGACACT
CTCGTGTGGGACACCCCCTACCACACCGTCTGGGACTGCGACTTCAGCACTGGCAAGATC
GGCTGGTTCCTGGGAGGCCAGTTAAATGTCTCTGTCAACTGCTTGGACCAGCATGTTCGG
AAGTCCCCCGAGAGCGTTGCTTTGATCTGGGAGCGCGATGAGCCTGGAACGGAAGTGAGG
ATCACCTACAGGGAACTACTGGAGACCACGTGCCGCCTGGCCAACACGCTGAAGAGGCAT
GGAGTCCACCGTGGGGACCGTGTTGCCATCTACATGCCCGTGTCCCCATTGGCTGTGGCA
GCAATGCTGGCCTGTGCCAGGATCGGAGCTGTCCACACAGTCATCTTTGCTGGCTTCAGT
GCGGAGTCCTTGGCTGGGAGGATCAATGATGCCAAGTGCAAGGTGGTTATCACCTTCAAC
CAAGGACTCCGGGGTGGGCGCGTGGTGGAGCTGAAGAAAATAGTGGATGAGGCTGTGAAG
CACTGCCCCACCGTGCAGCATGTCCTGGTGGCTCACAGGACAGACAACAAGGTCCACATG
GGGGATCTGGACGTCCCGCTGGAGCAGGAAATGGCCAAGGAGGACCCTGTTTGCGCCCCA
GAGAGCATGGGCAGTGAGGACATGCTCTTCATGCTGTACACCTCAGGGAGCACCGGAATG
CCCAAGGGCATCGTCCATACCCAGGCAGGCTACCTGCTCTATGCCGCCCTGACTCACAAG
CTTGTGTTTGACCACCAGCCAGGTGACATCTTTGGCTGTGTGGCCGACATCGGTTGGATT
ACAGGACACAGCTACGTGGTGTATGGGCCTCTCTGCAATGGTGCCACCAGCGTCCTTTTT
GAGAGCACCCCAGTTTATCCCAATGCTGGTCGGTACTGGGAGACAGTAGAGAGGTTGAAG
ATCAATCAGTTCTATGGCGCCCCAACGGCTGTCCGGCTGTTGCTGAAATACGGTGATGCC
TGGGTGAAGAAGTATGATCGCTCCTCCCTGCGGACCCTGGGGTCAGTGGGAGAGCCCATC
AACTGTGAGGCCTGGGAGTGGCTTCACAGGGTGGTGGGGGACAGCAGGTGCACGCTGGTG
GACACCTGGTGGCAGACAGAAACAGGTGGCATCTGCATCGCACCACGGCCCTCGGAAGAA
GGGGCGGAAATCCTCCCTGCCATGGCGATGAGGCCCTTCTTTGGCATCGTCCCCGTCCTC
ATGGATGAGAAGGGCAGCGTCATGGAGGGCAGCAACGTCTCCGGGGCCCTGTGCATCTCC
CAGGCCTGGCCGGGCATGGCCAGGACCATCTATGGCGACCACCAGCGATTTGTGGACGCC
TACTTCAAGGCCTACCCAGGCTATTACTTCACTGGAGACGGGGCTTACCGAACTGAGGGC
GGCTATTACCAGATCACAGGGCGGATGGATGATGTCATCAACATCAGTGGCCACCGGCTG
GGGACCGCAGAGATTGAGGACGCCATCGCCGACCACCCTGCAGTACCAGAAAGTGCTGTC
ATTGGCTACCCCCACGACATCAAAGGAGAAGCTGCCTTTGCCTTCATTGTGGTGAAAGAT
AGTGCGGGTGACTCAGATGTGGTGGTGCAGGAGCTCAAGTCCATGGTGGCCACCAAGATC
GCCAAATATGCTGTGCCTGATGAGATCCTGGTGGTGAAACGTCTTCCAAAAACCAGGTCT
GGGAAGGTCATGCGGCGGCTCCTGAGGAAGATCATCACTAGTGAGGCCCAGGAGCTGGGA
GACACTACCACCTTGGAGGACCCCAGCATCATCGCAGAGATCCTGAGTGTCTACCAGAAG
TGCAAGGACAAGCAGGCTGCTGCTAAGTGA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID BC039261 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID ACSS1 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID ACSS1 Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:16091 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 3 Locus 20p11.23-p11.21
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Nagase T, Nakayama M, Nakajima D, Kikuno R, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. DNA Res. 2001 Apr 27;8(2):85-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H, Kikuno R, Ohara O, Nagase T: Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones. DNA Res. 2002 Jun 30;9(3):99-106. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Schwer B, Bunkenborg J, Verdin RO, Andersen JS, Verdin E: Reversible lysine acetylation controls the activity of the mitochondrial enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 5;103(27):10224-9. Epub 2006 Jun 20. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Jin L, Wei W, Jiang Y, Peng H, Cai J, Mao C, Dai H, Choy W, Bemis JE, Jirousek MR, Milne JC, Westphal CH, Perni RB: Crystal structures of human SIRT3 displaying substrate-induced conformational changes. J Biol Chem. 2009 Sep 4;284(36):24394-405. Epub 2009 Jun 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 5321
Enzyme 4 Name Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3
Enzyme 4 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Name PON3
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3
MGKLVALVLLGVGLSLVGEMFLAFRERVNASREVEPVEPENCHLIEELESGSEDIDILPS
GLAFISSGLKYPGMPNFAPDEPGKIFLMDLNEQNPRAQALEISGGFDKELFNPHGISIFI
DKDNTVYLYVVNHPHMKSTVEIFKFEEQQRSLVYLKTIKHELLKSVNDIVVLGPEQFYAT
RDHYFTNSLLSFFEMILDLRWTYVLFYSPREVKVVAKGFCSANGITVSADQKYVYVADVA
AKNIHIMEKHDNWDLTQLKVIQLGTLVDNLTVDPATGDILAGCHPNPMKLLNYNPEDPPG
SEVLRIQNVLSEKPRVSTVYANNGSVLQGTSVASVYHGKILIGTVFHKTLYCEL
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 354
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 39607.2
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 5.10
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
  • arylesterase activity
  • carboxylesterase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
Component
  • extracellular region
Enzyme 4 General Function Involved in arylesterase activity
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Has low activity towards the organophosphate paraxon and aromatic carboxylic acid esters. Rapidly hydrolyzes lactones such as statin prodrugs (e.g. lovastatin). Hydrolyzes aromatic lactones and 5- or 6-member ring lactones with aliphatic substituents but not simple lactones or those with polar substituents
Enzyme 4 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 4 Reactions
  • an aryl dialkyl phosphate + H2O = dialkyl phosphate + an aryl alcohol [RN:R03979]
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • 1-
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein 29788996 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q15166 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PON3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >1065 bp
ATGGGGAAGCTCGTGGCGCTGGTCCTGCTGGGGGTCGGCCTGTCCTTAGTCGGGGAGATG
TTCCTGGCGTTTAGAGAAAGGGTGAATGCCTCTCGAGAAGTGGAGCCAGTAGAACCTGAA
AACTGCCACCTTATTGAGGAACTTGAAAGTGGCTCTGAAGATATTGATATACTTCCTAGT
GGGCTGGCTTTTATCTCCAGTGGATTAAAATATCCAGGCATGCCAAACTTTGCGCCAGAT
GAACCAGGAAAAATCTTCTTGATGGATCTGAATGAACAAAACCCAAGGGCACAAGCGCTA
GAAATCAGTGGTGGATTTGACAAAGAATTATTTAATCCACATGGGATCAGTATTTTCATC
GACAAAGACAATACTGTGTATCTTTATGTTGTGAATCATCCCCACATGAAGTCCACTGTG
GAGATATTTAAATTTGAGGAACAACAACGTTCTCTGGTATACCTGAAAACTATAAAACAT
GAACTTCTCAAAAGTGTGAATGACATTGTGGTTCTTGGACCAGAACAGTTCTATGCCACC
AGAGACCACTATTTTACCAACTCCCTCCTGTCATTTTTTGAGATGATCTTGGATCTTCGC
TGGACTTATGTTCTTTTCTACAGCCCAAGGGAGGTTAAAGTGGTGGCCAAAGGATTTTGT
AGTGCCAATGGGATCACAGTCTCAGCAGACCAGAAGTATGTCTATGTAGCTGATGTAGCA
GCTAAGAACATTCACATAATGGAAAAACATGATAACTGGGATTTAACTCAACTGAAGGTG
ATACAGTTGGGCACCTTAGTGGATAACCTGACTGTCGATCCTGCCACAGGAGACATTTTG
GCAGGATGCCATCCTAATCCTATGAAGCTACTGAACTATAACCCTGAGGACCCTCCAGGA
TCAGAAGTACTTCGCATCCAGAATGTTTTGTCTGAGAAGCCCAGGGTGAGCACCGTGTAT
GCCAACAATGGCTCTGTGCTTCAGGGCACCTCTGTGGCTTCTGTGTACCATGGGAAAATT
CTCATAGGCACCGTATTTCACAAAACTCTGTACTGTGAGCTCTAG
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID NM_000940.2 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID PON3 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID PON3 Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:9206 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 4 Locus 7q21.3
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, Osborne LR, Nakabayashi K, Herbrick JA, Carson AR, Parker-Katiraee L, Skaug J, Khaja R, Zhang J, Hudek AK, Li M, Haddad M, Duggan GE, Fernandez BA, Kanematsu E, Gentles S, Christopoulos CC, Choufani S, Kwasnicka D, Zheng XH, Lai Z, Nusskern D, Zhang Q, Gu Z, Lu F, Zeesman S, Nowaczyk MJ, Teshima I, Chitayat D, Shuman C, Weksberg R, Zackai EH, Grebe TA, Cox SR, Kirkpatrick SJ, Rahman N, Friedman JM, Heng HH, Pelicci PG, Lo-Coco F, Belloni E, Shaffer LG, Pober B, Morton CC, Gusella JF, Bruns GA, Korf BR, Quade BJ, Ligon AH, Ferguson H, Higgins AW, Leach NT, Herrick SR, Lemyre E, Farra CG, Kim HG, Summers AM, Gripp KW, Roberts W, Szatmari P, Winsor EJ, Grzeschik KH, Teebi A, Minassian BA, Kere J, Armengol L, Pujana MA, Estivill X, Wilson MD, Koop BF, Tosi S, Moore GE, Boright AP, Zlotorynski E, Kerem B, Kroisel PM, Petek E, Oscier DG, Mould SJ, Dohner H, Dohner K, Rommens JM, Vincent JB, Venter JC, Li PW, Mural RJ, Adams MD, Tsui LC: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. Science. 2003 May 2;300(5620):767-72. Epub 2003 Apr 10. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Primo-Parmo SL, Sorenson RC, Teiber J, La Du BN: The human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase gene (PON1) is one member of a multigene family. Genomics. 1996 May 1;33(3):498-507. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Draganov DI, Teiber JF, Speelman A, Osawa Y, Sunahara R, La Du BN: Human paraoxonases (PON1, PON2, and PON3) are lactonases with overlapping and distinct substrate specificities. J Lipid Res. 2005 Jun;46(6):1239-47. Epub 2005 Mar 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 5526
Enzyme 5 Name 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 5 Synonyms
  1. TMABADH
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase E3 isozyme
  3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 9 member A1
  4. Gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
  5. R-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 5 Gene Name ALDH9A1
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
MSTGTFVVSQPLNYRGGARVEPADASGTEKAFEPATGRVIATFTCSGEKEVNLAVQNAKA
AFKIWSQKSGMERCRILLEAARIIREREDEIATMECINNGKSIFEARLDIDISWQCLEYY
AGLAASMAGEHIQLPGGSFGYTRREPLGVCVGIGAWNYPFQIASWKSAPALACGNAMVFK
PSPFTPVSALLLAEIYSEAGVPPGLFNVVQGGAATGQFLCQHPDVAKVSFTGSVPTGMKI
MEMSAKGIKPVTLELGGKSPLIIFSDCDMNNAVKGALMANFLTQGQVCCNGTRVFVQKEI
LDKFTEEVVKQTQRIKIGDPLLEDTRMGPLINRPHLERVLGFVKVAKEQGAKVLCGGDIY
VPEDPKLKDGYYMRPCVLTNCRDDMTCVKEEIFGPVMSILSFDTEAEVLERANDTTFGLA
AGVFTRDIQRAHRVVAELQAGTCFINNYNVSPVELPFGGYKKSGFGRENGRVTIEYYSQL
KTVCVEMGDVESAF
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 494
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 53801.5
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 5.61
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 5 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 5 Specific Function Converts gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde into gamma- butyrobetaine. Catalyzes the irreversible oxidation of a broad range of aldehydes to the corresponding acids in an NAD-dependent reaction
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • 4-trimethylammoniobutanal + NAD+ + H2O = 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+ [RN:R03283]
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein 7248636 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49189 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL9A1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence >1485 bp
ATGAGCACTGGCACCTTCGTCGTGTCGCAGCCGCTCAATTACCGCGGCGGGGCCCGCGTG
GAGCCGGCGGACGCCTCCGGTACCGAGAAAGCTTTCGAGCCAGCAACCGGCCGAGTGATA
GCTACTTTCACATGTTCAGGAGAAAAGGAAGTAAATTTGGCTGTTCAAAATGCAAAGGCT
GCTTTTAAAATATGGAGTCAAAAATCTGGCATGGAGCGTTGCCGAATCCTTTTGGAGGCT
GCCAGGATAATAAGGGAACGGGAGGATGAAATTGCTACTATGGAGTGCATCAACAATGGC
AAGTCCATCTTTGAGGCCCGCTTGGACATTGACATTTCCTGGCAGTGCCTGGAGTATTAT
GCGGGCTTGGCTGCATCCATGGCTGGTGAACACATCCAGCTCCCAGGTGGATCGTTTGGT
TATACCAGAAGAGAACCACTTGGGGTATGTGTGGGAATAGGAGCATGGAACTACCCCTTT
CAGATTGCCTCTTGGAAGTCGGCTCCAGCATTAGCCTGTGGTAATGCCATGGTCTTTAAA
CCTTCTCCCTTTACACCTGTTTCTGCATTGCTACTGGCTGAAATCTACAGTGAGGCTGGT
GTACCTCCTGGGCTCTTCAATGTGGTGCAGGGAGGGGCTGCCACAGGCCAGTTTCTGTGT
CAGCATCCCGATGTGGCCAAAGTCTCCTTCACTGGAAGTGTGCCCACTGGCATGAAGATC
ATGGAGATGTCAGCTAAAGGAATCAAACCTGTTACCTTGGAACTTGGAGGCAAATCTCCA
CTCATCATCTTCTCAGACTGTGATATGAACAATGCTGTAAAGGGGGCGCTGATGGCCAAC
TTCCTCACACAAGGCCAGGTTTGCTGTAATGGCACAAGAGTATTTGTGCAGAAAGAAATT
CTTGATAAATTTACAGAGGAAGTGGTGAAACAGACCCAAAGGATTAAAATTGGAGATCCC
CTTCTGGAAGATACAAGGATGGGTCCACTCATCAACCGACCACACCTGGAGCGAGTCCTT
GGGTTTGTCAAAGTGGCAAAGGAGCAGGGTGCTAAAGTGTTATGTGGTGGAGATATATAT
GTACCTGAAGATCCCAAATTAAAGGATGGATATTACATGAGACCTTGTGTATTAACTAAT
TGCAGAGACGACATGACCTGTGTGAAGGAAGAGATCTTTGGGCCTGTTATGTCCATTTTA
TCATTTGACACTGAAGCTGAGGTTCTAGAAAGAGCCAATGATACCACTTTTGGACTAGCA
GCTGGCGTCTTTACCAGGGACATCCAACGGGCTCATAGAGTGGTAGCTGAGCTTCAGGCT
GGGACGTGCTTCATTAACAACTATAACGTCAGCCCAGTGGAGTTGCCCTTTGGTGGATAT
AAGAAGTCAGGATTTGGCAGAGAGAACGGCCGTGTGACAATCGAATATTATTCACAGCTG
AAGACTGTGTGTGTGGAGATGGGTGATGTGGAATCTGCTTTTTGA
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID AF172093 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID ALDH9A1 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID ALDH9A1 Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:412 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 5 Locus 1q23.1
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Lin SW, Chen JC, Hsu LC, Hsieh CL, Yoshida A: Human gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH9): cDNA sequence, genomic organization, polymorphism, chromosomal localization, and tissue expression. Genomics. 1996 Jun 15;34(3):376-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Vaz FM, Fouchier SW, Ofman R, Sommer M, Wanders RJ: Molecular and biochemical characterization of rat gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase and evidence for the involvement of human aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 in carnitine biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 10;275(10):7390-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kikonyogo A, Pietruszko R: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from adult human brain that dehydrogenates gamma-aminobutyraldehyde: purification, characterization, cloning and distribution. Biochem J. 1996 May 15;316 ( Pt 1):317-24. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kurys G, Shah PC, Kikonygo A, Reed D, Ambroziak W, Pietruszko R: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. cDNA cloning and primary structure of the enzyme that catalyzes dehydrogenation of 4-aminobutyraldehyde. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Dec 1;218(2):311-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Kurys G, Ambroziak W, Pietruszko R: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. Purification and characterization of a third isozyme with low Km for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde. J Biol Chem. 1989 Mar 15;264(8):4715-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 5527
Enzyme 6 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring
Enzyme 6 Synonyms
  1. ALDHIII
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3
  3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member A1
Enzyme 6 Gene Name ALDH3A1
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring
MSKISEAVKRARAAFSSGRTRPLQFRIQQLEALQRLIQEQEQELVGALAADLHKNEWNAY
YEEVVYVLEEIEYMIQKLPEWAADEPVEKTPQTQQDELYIHSEPLGVVLVIGTWNYPFNL
TIQPMVGAIAAGNAVVLKPSELSENMASLLATIIPQYLDKDLYPVINGGVPETTELLKER
FDHILYTGSTGVGKIIMTAAAKHLTPVTLELGGKSPCYVDKNCDLDVACRRIAWGKFMNS
GQTCVAPDYILCDPSIQNQIVEKLKKSLKEFYGEDAKKSRDYGRIISARHFQRVMGLIEG
QKVAYGGTGDAATRYIAPTILTDVDPQSPVMQEEIFGPVLPIVCVRSLEEAIQFINQREK
PLALYMFSSNDKVIKKMIAETSSGGVAANDVIVHITLHSLPFGGVGNSGMGSYHGKKSFE
TFSHRRSCLVRPLMNDEGLKVRYPPSPAKMTQH
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 453
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 50378.6
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 6.52
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Process
  • cellular aldehyde metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 6 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 6 Specific Function ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde. They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation. This protein preferentially oxidizes aromatic aldehyde substrates. It may play a role in the oxidation of toxic aldehydes
Enzyme 6 Pathways
Enzyme 6 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = an acid + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R00538 R00634]
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein 22907049 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P30838 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL3A1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence >1362 bp
ATGAGCAAGATCAGCGAGGCCGTGAAGCGCGCCCGCGCCGCCTTCAGCTCGGGCAGGACC
CGTCCGCTGCAGTTCCGGATCCAGCAGCTGGAGGCGCTGCAGCGCCTGATCCAGGAGCAG
GAGCAGGAGCTGGTGGGCGCGCTGGCCGCAGACCTGCACAAGAATGAATGGAACGCCTAC
TATGAGGAGGTGGTGTACGTCCTAGAGGAGATCGAGTACATGATCCAGAAGCTCCCTGAG
TGGGCCGCGGATGAGCCCGTGGAGAAGACGCCCCAGACTCAGCAGGACGAGCTCTACATC
CACTCGGAGCCACTGGGCGTGGTCCTCGTCATTGGCACCTGGAACTACCCCTTCAACCTC
ACCATCCAGCCCATGGTGGGCGCCATCGCTGCAGGGAACTCAGTGGTCCTCAAGCCCTCG
GAGCTGAGTGAGAACATGGCGAGCCTGCTGGCTACCATCATCCCCCAGTACCTGGACAAG
GATCTGTACCCAGTAATCAATGGGGGTGTCCCTGAGACCACGGAGCTGCTCAAGGAGAGG
TTCGACCATATCCTGTACACGGGCAGCACGGGGGTGGGGAAGATCATCATGACGGCTGCT
GCCAAGCACCTGACCCCTGTCACGCTGGAGCTGGGAGGGAAGAGTCCCTGCTACGTGGAC
AAGAACTGTGACCTGGACGTGGCCTGCCGACGCATCGCCTGGGGGAAATTCATGAACAGT
GGCCAGACCTGCGTGGCCCCTGACTACATCCTCTGTGACCCCTCGATCCAGAACCAAATT
GTGGAGAAGCTCAAGAAGTCACTGAAAGAGTTCTACGGGGAAGATGCTAAGAAATCCCGG
GACTATGGAAGAATCATTAGTGCCCGGCACTTCCAGAGGGTGATGGGCCTGATTGAGGGC
CAGAAGGTGGCTTATGGGGGCACCGGGGATGCCGCCACTCGCTACATAGCCCCCACCATC
CTCACGGACGTGGACCCCCAGTCCCCGGTGATGCAAGAGGAGATCTTCGGGCCTGTGCTG
CCCATCGTGTGCGTGCGCAGCCTGGAGGAGGCCATCCAGTTCATCAACCAGCGTGAGAAG
CCCCTGGCCCTCTACATGTTCTCCAGCAACGACAAGGTGATTAAGAAGATGATTGCAGAG
ACATCCAGTGGTGGGGTGGCGGCCAACGATGTCATCGTCCACATCACCTTGCACTCTCTG
CCCTTCGGGGGCGTGGGGAACAGCGGCATGGGATCCTACCATGGCAAGAAGAGCTTCGAG
ACTTTCTCTCACCGCCGCTCTTGCCTGGTGAGGCCTCTGATGAATGATGAAGGCCTGAAG
GTCAGATACCCCCCGAGCCCGGCCAAGATGACCCAGCACTGA
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID NM_000691.4 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID ALDH3A1 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID ALDH3A1 Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:405 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 6 Locus 17p11.2
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Shibuya A, Yoshida A: Human stomach aldehyde dehydrogenase cDNA and genomic cloning, primary structure, and expression in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1992 Feb 15;267(5):3030-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hsu LC, Yoshida A: Human stomach aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALDH3. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;328:141-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Zody MC, Garber M, Adams DJ, Sharpe T, Harrow J, Lupski JR, Nicholson C, Searle SM, Wilming L, Young SK, Abouelleil A, Allen NR, Bi W, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Bugalter BE, Butler J, Chang JL, Chen CK, Cook A, Corum B, Cuomo CA, de Jong PJ, DeCaprio D, Dewar K, FitzGerald M, Gilbert J, Gibson R, Gnerre S, Goldstein S, Grafham DV, Grocock R, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hart E, Norman CH, Humphray S, Jaffe DB, Jones M, Kamal M, Khodiyar VK, LaButti K, Laird G, Lehoczky J, Liu X, Lokyitsang T, Loveland J, Lui A, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews L, Mauceli E, McCarroll SA, Mihalev AH, Mudge J, Nguyen C, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Osoegawa K, Schwartz DC, Shaw-Smith C, Stankiewicz P, Steward C, Swarbreck D, Venkataraman V, Whittaker CA, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Bradley A, Hubbard T, Birren BW, Rogers J, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage. Nature. 2006 Apr 20;440(7087):1045-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Yin SJ, Vagelopoulos N, Wang SL, Jornvall H: Structural features of stomach aldehyde dehydrogenase distinguish dimeric aldehyde dehydrogenase as a 'variable' enzyme. 'Variable' and 'constant' enzymes within the alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase families. FEBS Lett. 1991 May 20;283(1):85-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Eckey R, Timmann R, Hempel J, Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Biochemical, immunological, and molecular characterization of a "high Km" aldehyde dehydrogenase. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1991;284:43-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Tsukamoto N, Chang C, Yoshida A: Mutations associated with Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. Ann Hum Genet. 1997 May;61(Pt 3):235-42. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 7 [top]
Enzyme 7 ID 5528
Enzyme 7 Name Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 7 Synonyms
  1. Alpha-AASA dehydrogenase
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1
  3. Antiquitin-1
  4. Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase
  5. Delta1-piperideine-6-carboxylate dehydrogenase
  6. P6c dehydrogenase
Enzyme 7 Gene Name ALDH7A1
Enzyme 7 Protein Sequence >Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
MWRLPRALCVHAAKTSKLSGPWSRPAAFMSTLLINQPQYAWLKELGLREENEGVYNGSWG
GRGEVITTYCPANNEPIARVRQASVADYEETVKKAREAWKIWADIPAPKRGEIVRQIGDA
LREKIQVLGSLVSLEMGKILVEGVGEVQEYVDICDYAVGLSRMIGGPILPSERSGHALIE
QWNPVGLVGIITAFNFPVAVYGWNNAIAMICGNVCLWKGAPTTSLISVAVTKIIAKVLED
NKLPGAICSLTCGGADIGTAMAKDERVNLLSFTGSTQVGKQVGLMVQERFGRSLLELGGN
NAIIAFEDADLSLVVPSALFAAVGTAGQRCTTARRLFIHESIHDEVVNRLKKAYAQIRVG
NPWDPNVLYGPLHTKQAVSMFLGAVEEAKKEGGTVVYGGKVMDRPGNYVEPTIVTGLGHD
ASIAHTETFAPILYVFKFKNEEEVFAWNNEVKQGLSSSIFTKDLGRIFRWLGPKGSDCGI
VNVNIPTSGAEIGGAFGGEKHTGGGRESGSDAWKQYMRRSTCTINYSKDLPLAQGIKFQ
Enzyme 7 Number of Residues 539
Enzyme 7 Molecular Weight 58486.7
Enzyme 7 Theoretical pI 8.09
Enzyme 7 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 7 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 7 Specific Function Multifunctional enzyme mediating important protective effects. Metabolizes betaine aldehyde to betaine, an important cellular osmolyte and methyl donor. Protects cells from oxidative stress by metabolizing a number of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes. Involved in lysine catabolism
Enzyme 7 Pathways
Enzyme 7 Reactions
  • L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = L-2-aminoadipate + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R03102 R03103]
Enzyme 7 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 7 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 7 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 7 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 7 GenBank ID Protein 188035924 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49419 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL7A1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 7 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Gene Sequence >1620 bp
ATGTGGCGCCTTCCTCGCGCGCTGTGTGTGCACGCTGCAAAGACCAGCAAGCTCTCTGGA
CCTTGGAGCAGGCCTGCCGCCTTCATGTCCACTCTCCTCATCAATCAGCCCCAGTATGCG
TGGCTGAAAGAGCTGGGGCTCCGCGAGGAAAACGAGGGCGTGTATAATGGAAGCTGGGGA
GGCCGGGGAGAGGTTATTACGACCTATTGCCCTGCTAACAACGAGCCAATAGCAAGAGTC
CGACAGGCCAGTGTGGCAGACTATGAAGAAACTGTAAAGAAAGCAAGAGAAGCATGGAAA
ATCTGGGCAGATATTCCTGCTCCAAAACGAGGAGAAATAGTAAGACAGATTGGCGATGCC
TTGCGGGAGAAGATCCAAGTACTAGGAAGCTTGGTGTCTTTGGAGATGGGGAAAATCTTA
GTGGAAGGTGTGGGTGAAGTTCAGGAGTATGTGGATATCTGTGACTATGCTGTTGGTTTA
TCAAGGATGATTGGAGGACCTATCTTGCCTTCTGAAAGATCTGGCCATGCACTGATTGAG
CAGTGGAATCCCGTAGGCCTGGTTGGAATCATCACGGCATTCAATTTCCCTGTGGCAGTG
TATGGTTGGAACAACGCCATCGCCATGATCTGTGGAAATGTCTGCCTCTGGAAAGGAGCT
CCAACCACTTCCCTCATTAGTGTGGCTGTCACAAAGATAATAGCCAAGGTTCTGGAGGAC
AACAAGCTGCCTGGTGCAATTTGTTCCTTGACTTGTGGTGGAGCAGATATTGGCACAGCA
ATGGCCAAAGATGAACGAGTGAACCTGCTGTCCTTCACTGGGAGCACTCAGGTGGGAAAA
CAGGTGGGCCTGATGGTGCAGGAGAGGTTTGGGAGAAGTCTGTTGGAACTTGGAGGAAAC
AATGCCATTATTGCCTTTGAAGATGCAGACCTCAGCTTAGTTGTTCCATCAGCTCTCTTC
GCTGCTGTGGGAACAGCTGGCCAGAGGTGTACCACTGCGAGGCGACTGTTTATACATGAA
AGCATCCATGATGAGGTTGTAAACAGACTTAAAAAGGCCTATGCACAGATCCGAGTTGGG
AACCCATGGGACCCTAATGTTCTCTATGGGCCACTCCACACCAAGCAGGCAGTGAGCATG
TTTCTTGGAGCAGTGGAAGAAGCAAAGAAAGAAGGTGGCACAGTGGTCTATGGGGGCAAG
GTTATGGATCGCCCTGGAAATTATGTAGAACCGACAATTGTGACAGGTCTTGGCCACGAT
GCGTCCATTGCACACACAGAGACTTTTGCTCCGATTCTCTATGTCTTTAAATTCAAGAAT
GAAGAAGAGGTCTTTGCATGGAATAATGAAGTAAAACAGGGACTTTCAAGTAGCATCTTT
ACCAAAGATCTGGGCAGAATCTTTCGCTGGCTTGGACCTAAAGGATCAGACTGTGGCATT
GTAAATGTCAACATTCCAACAAGTGGGGCTGAGATTGGAGGTGCCTTTGGAGGAGAAAAG
CACACTGGTGGTGGCAGGGAGTCTGGCAGTGATGCCTGGAAACAGTACATGAGAAGGTCT
ACTTGTACTATCAACTACAGTAAAGACCTTCCTCTGGCCCAAGGAATCAAGTTTCAGTAA
Enzyme 7 GenBank Gene ID NM_001182.3 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GeneCard ID ALDH7A1 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GenAtlas ID ALDH7A1 Link Image
Enzyme 7 HGNC ID HGNC:877 Link Image
Enzyme 7 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 7 Locus 5q31
Enzyme 7 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 7 General References
  1. Lee P, Kuhl W, Gelbart T, Kamimura T, West C, Beutler E: Homology between a human protein and a protein of the green garden pea. Genomics. 1994 May 15;21(2):371-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A, Couronne O, Grimwood J, Lowry S, Gordon LA, Scott D, Xie G, Huang W, Hellsten U, Tran-Gyamfi M, She X, Prabhakar S, Aerts A, Altherr M, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chan YM, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Lopez F, Lou Y, Martinez D, Medina C, Morgan J, Nandkeshwar R, Noonan JP, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Priest J, Ramirez L, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wheeler J, Wu K, Yang J, Dickson M, Cheng JF, Eichler EE, Olsen A, Pennacchio LA, Rokhsar DS, Richardson P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5. Nature. 2004 Sep 16;431(7006):268-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Skvorak AB, Robertson NG, Yin Y, Weremowicz S, Her H, Bieber FR, Beisel KW, Lynch ED, Beier DR, Morton CC: An ancient conserved gene expressed in the human inner ear: identification, expression analysis, and chromosomal mapping of human and mouse antiquitin (ATQ1). Genomics. 1997 Dec 1;46(2):191-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Brocker C, Lassen N, Estey T, Pappa A, Cantore M, Orlova VV, Chavakis T, Kavanagh KL, Oppermann U, Vasiliou V: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) is a novel enzyme involved in cellular defense against hyperosmotic stress. J Biol Chem. 2010 Jun 11;285(24):18452-63. Epub 2010 Mar 5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Mills PB, Struys E, Jakobs C, Plecko B, Baxter P, Baumgartner M, Willemsen MA, Omran H, Tacke U, Uhlenberg B, Weschke B, Clayton PT: Mutations in antiquitin in individuals with pyridoxine-dependent seizures. Nat Med. 2006 Mar;12(3):307-9. Epub 2006 Feb 19. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 7 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 8 [top]
Enzyme 8 ID 5529
Enzyme 8 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3
Enzyme 8 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 6
  2. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3
  3. RALDH-3
  4. RalDH3
Enzyme 8 Gene Name ALDH1A3
Enzyme 8 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3
MATANGAVENGQPDRKPPALPRPIRNLEVKFTKIFINNEWHESKSGKKFATCNPSTREQI
CEVEEGDKPDVDKAVEAAQVAFQRGSPWRRLDALSRGRLLHQLADLVERDRATLAALETM
DTGKPFLHAFFIDLEGCIRTLRYFAGWADKIQGKTIPTDDNVVCFTRHEPIGVCGAITPW
NFPLLMLVWKLAPALCCGNTMVLKPAEQTPLTALYLGSLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGFGPTV
GAAISSHPQINKIAFTGSTEVGKLVKEAASRSNLKRVTLELGGKNPCIVCADADLDLAVE
CAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAASRVFVEEQVYSEFVRRSVEYAKKRPVGDPFDVKTEQGPQIDQK
QFDKILELIESGKKEGAKLECGGSAMEDKGLFIKPTVFSEVTDNMRIAKEEIFGPVQPIL
KFKSIEEVIKRANSTDYGLTAAVFTKNLDKALKLASALESGTVWINCYNALYAQAPFGGF
KMSGNGRELGEYALAEYTEVKTVTIKLGDKNP
Enzyme 8 Number of Residues 512
Enzyme 8 Molecular Weight 56108.0
Enzyme 8 Theoretical pI 7.29
Enzyme 8 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 8 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 8 Specific Function Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Seems to be the key enzyme in the formation of an RA gradient along the dorso-ventral axis during the early eye development and also in the development of the olfactory system
Enzyme 8 Pathways
Enzyme 8 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = an acid + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R00538 R00634]
Enzyme 8 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 8 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 8 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 8 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 8 GenBank ID Protein 46621670 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P47895 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1A3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 8 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 8 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 8 Gene Sequence >1539 bp
ATGGCCACCGCTAACGGGGCCGTGGAAAACGGGCAGCCGGACAGGAAGCCGCCGGCCCTG
CCGCGCCCCATCCGCAACCTGGAGGTCAAGTTCACCAAGATATTTATCAACAATGAATGG
CACGAATCCAAGAGTGGGAAAAAGTTTGCTACATGTAACCCTTCAACTCGGGAGCAAATA
TGTGAAGTGGAAGAAGGAGATAAGCCCGACGTGGACAAGGCTGTGGAGGCTGCACAGGTT
GCCTTCCAGAGGGGCTCGCCATGGCGCCGGCTGGATGCCCTGAGTCGTGGGCGGCTGCTG
CACCAGCTGGCTGACCTGGTGGAGAGGGACCGCGCCACCTTGGCCGCCCTGGAGACGATG
GATACAGGGAAGCCATTTCTTCATGCTTTTTTCATCGACCTGGAGGGCTGTATTAGAACC
CTCAGATACTTTGCAGGGTGGGCAGACAAAATCCAGGGCAAGACCATCCCCACAGATGAC
AACGTCGTGTGCTTCACCAGGCATGAGCCCATTGGTGTCTGTGGGGCCATCACTCCATGG
AACTTCCCCCTGCTGATGCTGGTGTGGAAGCTGGCACCCGCCCTCTGCTGTGGGAACACC
ATGGTCCTGAAGCCTGCGGAGCAGACACCTCTCACCGCCCTTTATCTCGGCTCTCTGATC
AAAGAGGCCGGGTTCCCTCCAGGAGTGGTGAACATTGTGCCAGGATTCGGGCCCACAGTG
GGAGCAGCAATTTCTTCTCACCCTCAGATCAACAAGATCGCCTTCACCGGCTCCACAGAG
GTTGGAAAACTGGTTAAAGAAGCTGCGTCCCGGAGCAATCTGAAGCGGGTGACGCTGGAG
CTGGGGGGGAAGAACCCCTGCATCGTGTGTGCGGACGCTGACTTGGACTTGGCAGTGGAG
TGTGCCCATCAGGGAGTGTTCTTCAACCAAGGCCAGTGTTGCACGGCAGCCTCCAGGGTG
TTCGTGGAGGAGCAGGTCTACTCTGAGTTTGTCAGGCGGAGCGTGGAGTATGCCAAGAAA
CGGCCCGTGGGAGACCCCTTCGATGTCAAAACAGAACAGGGGCCTCAGATTGATCAAAAG
CAGTTCGACAAAATCTTAGAGCTGATCGAGAGTGGGAAGAAGGAAGGGGCCAAGCTGGAA
TGCGGGGGCTCAGCCATGGAAGACAAGGGGCTCTTCATCAAACCCACTGTCTTCTCAGAA
GTCACAGACAACATGCGGATTGCCAAAGAGGAGATTTTCGGGCCAGTGCAACCAATACTG
AAGTTCAAAAGTATCGAAGAAGTGATAAAAAGAGCGAATAGCACCGACTATGGACTCACA
GCAGCCGTGTTCACAAAAAATCTCGACAAAGCCCTGAAGTTGGCTTCTGCCTTAGAGTCT
GGAACGGTCTGGATCAACTGCTACAACGCCCTCTATGCACAGGCTCCATTTGGTGGCTTT
AAAATGTCAGGAAATGGCAGAGAACTAGGTGAATACGCTTTGGCCGAATACACAGAAGTG
AAAACTGTCACCATCAAACTTGGCGACAAGAACCCCTGA
Enzyme 8 GenBank Gene ID BC069274 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GeneCard ID ALDH1A3 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GenAtlas ID ALDH1A3 Link Image
Enzyme 8 HGNC ID HGNC:409 Link Image
Enzyme 8 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 8 Locus 15q26.3
Enzyme 8 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 8 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Hiraoka L, Hsieh CL: Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and chromosomal localization of an additional human aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, ALDH6. Genomics. 1994 Nov 15;24(2):333-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 8 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 9 [top]
Enzyme 9 ID 5530
Enzyme 9 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 9 Synonyms
  1. ALDH class 2
  2. ALDH-E2
  3. ALDHI
Enzyme 9 Gene Name ALDH2
Enzyme 9 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MLRAAARFGPRLGRRLLSAAATQAVPAPNQQPEVFCNQIFINNEWHDAVSRKTFPTVNPS
TGEVICQVAEGDKEDVDKAVKAARAAFQLGSPWRRMDASHRGRLLNRLADLIERDRTYLA
ALETLDNGKPYVISYLVDLDMVLKCLRYYAGWADKYHGKTIPIDGDFFSYTRHEPVGVCG
QIIPWNFPLLMQAWKLGPALATGNVVVMKVAEQTPLTALYVANLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPG
FGPTAGAAIASHEDVDKVAFTGSTEIGRVIQVAAGSSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIMSDADM
DWAVEQAHFALFFNQGQCCCAGSRTFVQEDIYDEFVERSVARAKSRVVGNPFDSKTEQGP
QVDETQFKKILGYINTGKQEGAKLLCGGGIAADRGYFIQPTVFGDVQDGMTIAKEEIFGP
VMQILKFKTIEEVVGRANNSTYGLAAAVFTKDLDKANYLSQALQAGTVWVNCYDVFGAQS
PFGGYKMSGSGRELGEYGLQAYTEVKTVTVKVPQKNS
Enzyme 9 Number of Residues 517
Enzyme 9 Molecular Weight 56380.9
Enzyme 9 Theoretical pI 7.05
Enzyme 9 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 9 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 9 Specific Function An aldehyde + NAD(+) + H(2)O = an acid + NADH
Enzyme 9 Pathways
Enzyme 9 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+ [RN:R00538]
Enzyme 9 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 9 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 9 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 9 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 9 GenBank ID Protein 28606 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P05091 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ALDH2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 9 PDB ID 1OF7 Link Image
Enzyme 9 PDB File Show
Enzyme 9 3D Structure
Enzyme 9 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 9 Gene Sequence >1551 bp
ATGTTGCGCGCTGCCGCCGCTCGGGCCCCGCCTGGCCGCCGCCTCTTGTCAGCCGCCGCC
ACCCAGGCCGTGCCTGCCCCCAACCAGCAGCCCGAGGTCTTCTGCAACCAGATTTTCATA
AACAATGAATGGCACGATGCCGTCAGCAGGAAAACATTCCCCACCGTCAATCCGTCCACT
GGAGAGGTCATCTGTCAGGTAGCTGAAGGGGACAAGGAAGATGTGGACAAGGCACGTGAA
GGCCGCCCGGGCGCCTTCCAGCTGGGCTCACCTTGGCGCCGCATGGACGCATCACACAGC
GGCCGGCTGCTGAACCGCCTGGCCGATCTGATCGAGCGGGACCGGACCTACCTGGCGGCC
TTGGAGACCCTGGACAATGGCAAGCCCTATGTCATCTCCTACCTGGTGGATTTGGACATG
GTCCTCAAATGTCTCCGGTATTATGCCGGCTGGGCTGATAAGTACCACGGGAAAACCATC
CCCATTGACGGAGACTTCTTCAGCTACACACGCCATGAACCTGTGGGGGTGTGCGGGCAG
ATCATTCCGTGGAATTTCCCGCTCCTGATGCAAGCATGGAAGCTGGGCCCAGCCTTGGCA
ACTGGAAACGTGGTTGTGATGAAGGTAGCTGAGCAGACACCCCTCACCGCCCTCTATGTG
GCCAACCTGATCAAGGAGGCTGGCTTTCCCCCTGGTGTGGTCAACATTGTGCCTGGATTT
GGCCCCACGGCTGGGGCCGCCATTGCCTCCCATGAGGATGTGGACAAAGTGGCATTCACA
GGCTCCACTGAGATTGGCCGCGTAATCCAGGTTGCTGCTGGGAGCAGCAACCTCAAGAGA
GTGACCTTGGAGCTGGGGGGGAAGAGCCCCAACATCATCATGTCAGATGCCGATATGGAT
TGGGCCGTGGAACAGGCCCACTTCGCCCTGTTCTTCAACCAGGGCCAGTGCTGCTGTGCC
GGCTCCCGGACCTTCGTGCAGGAGGACATCTATGATGAGTTTGTGGTGCGGAGCGTTGCC
CGGGCCAAGTCTCGGGTGGTCGGGAACCCCTTTGATAGCAAGACCGAGCAGGGGCCGCAG
GTGGATGAAACTCAGTTTAAGAAGATCCTCGGCTACATCAACACGGGGAAGCAAGAGGGG
GCGAAGCTGCTGTGTGGTGGGGGCATTGCTGCTGACCGTGGTTACTTCATCCAGCCCACT
GTGTTTGGAGATGTGCAGGATGGCATGACCATCGCCAAGGAGGAGATCTTCGGGCCAGTG
ATGCAGATCCTGAAGTTCAAGACCATAGAGGAGGTTGTTGGGAGAGCCAACAATTCCACG
TACGGGCTGGCCGCAGCTGTCTTCACAAAGGATTTGGACAAGGCCAATTACCTGTCCCAG
GCCCTCCAGGCGGGCACTGTGTGGGTCAACTGCTATGATGTGTTTGGAGCCCAGTCACCC
TTTGGTGGCTACAAGATGTCGGGGAGTGGCCGGGAGTTGGGCGAGTACGGGCTGCAGGCA
TACACTGAAGTGAAAACTGTCACAGTCAAAGTGCCTCAGAAGAACTCATAA
Enzyme 9 GenBank Gene ID X05409 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GeneCard ID ALDH2 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GenAtlas ID ALDH2 Link Image
Enzyme 9 HGNC ID HGNC:404 Link Image
Enzyme 9 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 9 Locus 12q24.2
Enzyme 9 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 9 General References
  1. Braun T, Bober E, Singh S, Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Evidence for a signal peptide at the amino-terminal end of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. FEBS Lett. 1987 May 11;215(2):233-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Braun T, Bober E, Singh S, Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Isolation and sequence analysis of a full length cDNA clone coding for human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Apr 10;15(7):3179. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hsu LC, Bendel RE, Yoshida A: Genomic structure of the human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Genomics. 1988 Jan;2(1):57-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hempel J, Kaiser R, Jornvall H: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver. Primary structure, differences in relation to the cytosolic enzyme, and functional correlations. Eur J Biochem. 1985 Nov 15;153(1):13-28. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hsu LC, Tani K, Fujiyoshi T, Kurachi K, Yoshida A: Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(11):3771-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Yoshida A, Ikawa M, Hsu LC, Tani K: Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases. Alcohol. 1985 Jan-Feb;2(1):103-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Aboulaich N, Vainonen JP, Stralfors P, Vener AV: Vectorial proteomics reveal targeting, phosphorylation and specific fragmentation of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) at the surface of caveolae in human adipocytes. Biochem J. 2004 Oct 15;383(Pt 2):237-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes and alcohol sensitivity. Isozymes Curr Top Biol Med Res. 1987;16:21-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Hempel J, Hoog JO, Jornvall H: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Homology of putative targeting sequence to that of carbamyl phosphate synthetase I revealed by correlation of cDNA and protein data. FEBS Lett. 1987 Sep 28;222(1):95-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Ni L, Zhou J, Hurley TD, Weiner H: Human liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase: three-dimensional structure and the restoration of solubility and activity of chimeric forms. Protein Sci. 1999 Dec;8(12):2784-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Yoshida A, Huang IY, Ikawa M: Molecular abnormality of an inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase variant commonly found in Orientals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(1):258-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Novoradovsky A, Tsai SJ, Goldfarb L, Peterson R, Long JC, Goldman D: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphism in Asian and American Indian populations: detection of new ALDH2 alleles. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Oct;19(5):1105-10. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 9 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 10 [top]
Enzyme 10 ID 5531
Enzyme 10 Name Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 10 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 10
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member A2
  3. Microsomal aldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 10 Gene Name ALDH3A2
Enzyme 10 Protein Sequence >Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
MELEVRRVRQAFLSGRSRPLRFRLQQLEALRRMVQEREKDILTAIAADLCKSEFNVYSQE
VITVLGEIDFMLENLPEWVTAKPVKKNVLTMLDEAYIQPQPLGVVLIIGAWNYPFVLTIQ
PLIGAIAAGNAVIIKPSELSENTAKILAKLLPQYLDQDLYIVINGGVEETTELLKQRFDH
IFYTGNTAVGKIVMEAAAKHLTPVTLELGGKSPCYIDKDCDLDIVCRRITWGKYMNCGQT
CIAPDYILCEASLQNQIVWKIKETVKEFYGENIKESPDYERIINLRHFKRILSLLEGQKI
AFGGETDEATRYIAPTVLTDVDPKTKVMQEEIFGPILPIVPVKNVDEAINFINEREKPLA
LYVFSHNHKLIKRMIDETSSGGVTGNDVIMHFTLNSFPFGGVGSSGMGAYHGKHSFDTFS
HQRPCLLKSLKREGANKLRYPPNSQSKVDWGKFFLLKRFNKEKLGLLLLTFLGIVAAVLV
KAEYY
Enzyme 10 Number of Residues 485
Enzyme 10 Molecular Weight 54847.4
Enzyme 10 Theoretical pI 7.99
Enzyme 10 GO Classification
Function
  • aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Process
  • cellular aldehyde metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 10 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 10 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acids. Active on a variety of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes between 6 and 24 carbons in length
Enzyme 10 Pathways
Enzyme 10 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+ [RN:R00538]
Enzyme 10 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 10 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 10 Transmembrane Regions
  • 464-480
Enzyme 10 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 10 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P51648 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL3A2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 10 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 10 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 10 Gene Sequence >1458 bp
ATGGAGCTCGAAGTCCGGCGGGTCCGACAGGCGTTCCTGTCCGGCCGGTCGCGACCTCTG
CGGTTTCGGCTGCAGCAGCTGGAGGCCCTGCGGAGGATGGTGCAGGAGCGCGAGAAGGAT
ATCCTGACGGCCATCGCCGCCGACCTGTGCAAGAGTGAATTCAATGTGTACAGTCAGGAA
GTCATTACTGTCCTTGGGGAAATTGATTTTATGCTTGAGAATCTTCCTGAATGGGTTACT
GCTAAACCAGTTAAGAAGAACGTGCTCACCATGCTGGATGAGGCCTATATTCAGCCACAG
CCTCTGGGAGTGGTGCTGATAATCGGAGCTTGGAATTACCCCTTCGTTCTCACCATTCAG
CCACTGATAGGAGCCATCGCTGCAGGAAATGCTGTGATTATAAAGCCTTCTGAACTGAGT
GAAAATACAGCCAAGATCTTGGCAAAGCTTCTCCCTCAGTATTTAGACCAGGATCTCTAT
ATTGTTATTAATGGTGGTGTTGAGGAAACCACGGAGCTCCTGAAGCAGCGATTTGACCAC
ATTTTCTATACGGGAAACACTGCGGTTGGCAAAATTGTCATGGAAGCTGCTGCCAAGCAT
CTGACCCCTGTGACTCTTGAACTGGGAGGGAAAAGTCCATGTTATATTGATAAAGATTGT
GACCTGGACATTGTTTGCAGACGCATAACCTGGGGAAAATACATGAATTGTGGCCAAACC
TGCATTGCACCCGACTATATTCTCTGTGAAGCATCCCTCCAAAATCAAATTGTATGGAAG
ATTAAGGAAACAGTGAAGGAATTTTATGGAGAAAATATAAAAGAGTCTCCTGATTATGAA
AGGATCATCAATCTTCGTCATTTTAAGAGGATACTAAGTTTGCTTGAAGGACAAAAGATA
GCTTTTGGTGGGGAGACTGATGAGGCCACACGCTACATAGCCCCAACAGTACTTACCGAT
GTTGATCCTAAAACCAAGGTGATGCAAGAAGAAATTTTTGGACCAATTCTTCCAATAGTG
CCTGTGAAAAATGTAGATGAGGCCATAAATTTCATAAATGAACGTGAAAAGCCTCTGGCT
CTTTATGTATTTTCGCATAACCATAAGCTCATCAAACGGATGATTGATGAGACATCCAGT
GGAGGTGTCACAGGCAATGACGTCATTATGCACTTCACGCTCAACTCTTTCCCATTTGGA
GGAGTGGGTTCCAGTGGGATGGGAGCTTATCACGGAAAACATAGTTTTGATACTTTTTCT
CATCAGCGTCCCTGTTTATTAAAAAGTTTAAAGAGAGAAGGTGCTAACAAACTCAGATAT
CCTCCCAACAGCCAGTCAAAGGTGGATTGGGGGAAATTTTTTCTCTTGAAACGGTTCAAC
AAAGAAAAACTCGGTCTCCTGTTGCTCACTTTCCTGGGTATTGTAGCCGCTGTGCTTGTC
AAGGCAGAATATTACTGA
Enzyme 10 GenBank Gene ID L47162 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GeneCard ID ALDH3A2 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GenAtlas ID ALDH3A2 Link Image
Enzyme 10 HGNC ID HGNC:403 Link Image
Enzyme 10 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 10 Locus 17p11.2
Enzyme 10 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 10 General References
  1. De Laurenzi V, Rogers GR, Hamrock DJ, Marekov LN, Steinert PM, Compton JG, Markova N, Rizzo WB: Sjogren-Larsson syndrome is caused by mutations in the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Nat Genet. 1996 Jan;12(1):52-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rogers GR, Markova NG, De Laurenzi V, Rizzo WB, Compton JG: Genomic organization and expression of the human fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (FALDH). Genomics. 1997 Jan 15;39(2):127-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chang C, Yoshida A: Human fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH10): organization and tissue-dependent expression. Genomics. 1997 Feb 15;40(1):80-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sillen A, Jagell S, Wadelius C: A missense mutation in the FALDH gene identified in Sjogren-Larsson syndrome patients originating from the northern part of Sweden. Hum Genet. 1997 Aug;100(2):201-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Sillen A, Anton-Lamprecht I, Braun-Quentin C, Kraus CS, Sayli BS, Ayuso C, Jagell S, Kuster W, Wadelius C: Spectrum of mutations and sequence variants in the FALDH gene in patients with Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(6):377-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Rizzo WB, Carney G, Lin Z: The molecular basis of Sjogren-Larsson syndrome: mutation analysis of the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Dec;65(6):1547-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Aoki N, Suzuki H, Ito K, Ito M: A novel point mutation of the FALDH gene in a Japanese family with Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 May;114(5):1065-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 10 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 11 [top]
Enzyme 11 ID 5532
Enzyme 11 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial
Enzyme 11 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member B1
Enzyme 11 Gene Name ALDH1B1
Enzyme 11 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial
MLRFLAPRLLSLQGRTARYSSAAALPSPILNPDIPYNQLFINNEWQDAVSKKTFPTVNPT
TGEVIGHVAEGDRADVDRAVKAAREAFRLGSPWRRMDASERGRLLNLLADLVERDRVYLA
SLETLDNGKPFQESYALDLDEVIKVYRYFAGWADKWHGKTIPMDGQHFCFTRHEPVGVCG
QIIPWNFPLVMQGWKLAPALATGNTVVMKVAEQTPLSALYLASLIKEAGFPPGVVNIITG
YGPTAGAAIAQHMDVDKVAFTGSTEVGHLIQKAAGDSNLKRVTLELGGKSPSIVLADADM
EHAVEQCHEALFFNMGQCCCAGSRTFVEESIYNEFLERTVEKAKQRKVGNPFELDTQQGP
QVDKEQFERVLGYIQLGQKEGAKLLCGGERFGERGFFIKPTVFGGVQDDMRIAKEEIFGP
VQPLFKFKKIEEVVERANNTRYGLAAAVFTRDLDKAMYFTQALQAGTVWVNTYNIVTCHT
PFGGFKESGNGRELGEDGLKAYTEVKTVTIKVPQKNS
Enzyme 11 Number of Residues 517
Enzyme 11 Molecular Weight 57238.0
Enzyme 11 Theoretical pI 6.79
Enzyme 11 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 11 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 11 Specific Function ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde. They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation
Enzyme 11 Pathways
Enzyme 11 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+ [RN:R00538]
Enzyme 11 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 11 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 11 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 11 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 11 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P30837 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1B1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 11 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 11 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 11 Gene Sequence >1554 bp
ATGCTGCGCTTCCTGGCACCCCGGCTGCTTAGCCTCCAGGGCAGGACCGCCCGCTACTCC
TCGGCAGCAGCCCTCCCAAGCCCCATTCTGAACCCAGACATCCCCTACAACCAGCTGTTC
ATCAACAATGAATGGCAAGATGCAGTCAGCAAGAAGACCTTCCCGACGGTCAACCCTACC
ACCGGGGAGGTCATCGGGCACGTGGCTGAAGGTGACCGGGCTGATGTGGATCGGGCCGTG
AAAGCAGCCCGGGAAGCCTTCCGCCTGGGGTCCCCATGGCGCCGGATGGATGCCTCTGAG
CGGGGCCGGCTGCTGAACCTCCTGGCAGACCTAGTGGAGCGGGATCGAGTCTACTTGGCC
TCACTCGAGACCTTGGACAATGGGAAGCCTTTCCAAGAGTCTTACGCCTTGGACTTGGAT
GAGGTCATCAAGGTGTATCGGTACTTTGCTGGCTGGGCTGACAAGTGGCATGGCAAGACC
ATCCCCATGGATGGCCAGCATTTCTGCTTCACCCGGCATGAGCCCGTTGGTGTCTGTGGC
CAGATCATCCCGTGGAACTTCCCCTTGGTCATGCAGGGTTGGAAACTTGCCCCGGCACTC
GCCACAGGCAACACTGTGGTTATGAAGGTGGCAGAGCAGACCCCCCTCTCTGCCCTGTAT
TTGGCCTCCCTCATCAAGGAGGCAGGCTTTCCCCCTGGGGTGGTGAACATCATCACGGGG
TATGGCCCAACAGCAGGTGCGGCCATCGCCCAGCACATGGATGTTGACAAAGTTGCCTTC
ACCGGTTCCACCGAGGTGGGCCACCTGATCCAGAAAGCAGCTGGCGATTCCAACCTCAAG
AGAGTCACCCTGGAGCTGGGTGGTAAGAGCCCCAGCATCGTGCTGGCCGATGCTGACATG
GAGCATGCCGTGGAGCAGTGCCACGAAGCCCTGTTCTTCAACATGGGCCAGTGCTGCTGT
GCTGGCTCCCGGACCTTCGTGGAAGAATCCATCTACAATGAGTTTCTCGAGAGAACCGTG
GAGAAAGCAAAGCAGAGGAAAGTGGGGAACCCCTTTGAGCTGGACACCCAGCAGGGGCCT
CAGGTGGACAAGGAGCAGTTTGAACGAGTCCTAGGCTACATCCAGCTTGGCCAGAAGGAG
GGCGCAAAACTCCTCTGTGGCGGAGAGCGTTTCGGGGAGCGTGGTTTCTTCATCAAGCCT
ACTGTCTTTGGTGGCGTGCAGGATGACATGAGAATTGCCAAAGAGGAGATCTTTGGGCCT
GTGCAGCCCCTGTTCAAGTTCAAGAAGATTGAGGAGGTGGTTGAGAGGGCCAACAACACC
AGGTATGGCCTGGCTGCGGCTGTGTTCACCCGGGATCTGGACAAGGCCATGTACTTCACC
CAGGCACTCCAGGCCGGGACCGTGTGGGTAAACACCTACAACATCGTCACCTGCCACACG
CCATTTGGAGGGTTTAAGGAATCTGGAAACGGGAGGGAGCTGGGTGAGGATGGGCTTAAG
GCCTACACAGAGGTAAAGACGGTCACCATCAAGGTTCCTCAGAAGAACTCGTAG
Enzyme 11 GenBank Gene ID BT007418 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GeneCard ID ALDH1B1 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GenAtlas ID ALDH1B1 Link Image
Enzyme 11 HGNC ID HGNC:407 Link Image
Enzyme 11 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 11 Locus 9p11.1
Enzyme 11 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 11 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC: Cloning and characterization of a new functional human aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jul 5;266(19):12257-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sherman D, Dave V, Hsu LC, Peters TJ, Yoshida A: Diverse polymorphism within a short coding region of the human aldehyde dehydrogenase-5 (ALDH5) gene. Hum Genet. 1993 Nov;92(5):477-80. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 11 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 12 [top]
Enzyme 12 ID 5771
Enzyme 12 Name Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase
Enzyme 12 Synonyms
  1. PAF acetylhydrolase
  2. 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase
  3. 2-acetyl-1-alkylglycerophosphocholine esterase
  4. Group-VIIA phospholipase A2
  5. gVIIA-PLA2
  6. LDL-associated phospholipase A2
  7. LDL-PLA(2)
  8. PAF 2-acylhydrolase
Enzyme 12 Gene Name PLA2G7
Enzyme 12 Protein Sequence >Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase
MVPPKLHVLFCLCGCLAVVYPFDWQYINPVAHMKSSAWVNKIQVLMAAASFGQTKIPRGN
GPYSVGCTDLMFDHTNKGTFLRLYYPSQDNDRLDTLWIPNKEYFWGLSKFLGTHWLMGNI
LRLLFGSMTTPANWNSPLRPGEKYPLVVFSHGLGAFRTLYSAIGIDLASHGFIVAAVEHR
DRSASATYYFKDQSAAEIGDKSWLYLRTLKQEEETHIRNEQVRQRAKECSQALSLILDID
HGKPVKNALDLKFDMEQLKDSIDREKIAVIGHSFGGATVIQTLSEDQRFRCGIALDAWMF
PLGDEVYSRIPQPLFFINSEYFQYPANIIKMKKCYSPDKERKMITIRGSVHQNFADFTFA
TGKIIGHMLKLKGDIDSNVAIDLSNKASLAFLQKHLGLHKDFDQWDCLIEGDDENLIPGT
NINTTNQHIMLQNSSGIEKYN
Enzyme 12 Number of Residues 441
Enzyme 12 Molecular Weight 50077.0
Enzyme 12 Theoretical pI 7.61
Enzyme 12 GO Classification
Function
  • 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity
  • carboxylesterase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • lipid catabolic process
  • lipid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • primary metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 12 General Function Involved in 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity
Enzyme 12 Specific Function Modulates the action of platelet-activating factor (PAF) by hydrolyzing the sn-2 ester bond to yield the biologically inactive lyso-PAF. Has a specificity for substrates with a short residue at the sn-2 position. It is inactive against long-chain phospholipids
Enzyme 12 Pathways
Enzyme 12 Reactions
  • 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate [RN:R04452]
Enzyme 12 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 12 Signals
  • 1-21
Enzyme 12 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 12 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 12 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q13093 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PAFA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 12 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 12 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 12 Gene Sequence >1326 bp
ATGGTGCCACCCAAATTGCATGTGCTTTTCTGCCTCTGCGGCTGCCTGGCTGTGGTTTAT
CCTTTTGACTGGCAATACATAAATCCTGTTGCCCATATGAAATCATCAGCATGGGTCAAC
AAAATACAAGTACTGATGGCTGCTGCAAGCTTTGGCCAAACTAAAATCCCCCGGGGAAAT
GGGCCTTATTCCGTTGGTTGTACAGACTTAATGTTTGATCACACTAATAAGGGCACCTTC
TTGCGTTTATATTATCCATCCCAAGATAATGATCGCCTTGACACCCTTTGGATCCCAAAT
AAAGAATATTTTTGGGGTCTTAGCAAATTTCTTGGAACACACTGGCTTATGGGCAACATT
TTGAGGTTACTCTTTGGTTCAATGACAACTCCTGCAAACTGGAATTCCCCTCTGAGGCCT
GGTGAAAAATATCCACTTGTTGTTTTTTCTCATGGTCTTGGGGCATTCAGGACACTTTAT
TCTGCTATTGGCATTGACCTGGCATCTCATGGGTTTATAGTTGCTGCTGTAGAACACAGA
GATAGATCTGCATCTGCAACTTACTATTTCAAGGACCAATCTGCTGCAGAAATAGGGGAC
AAGTCTTGGCTCTACCTTAGAACCCTGAAACAAGAGGAGGAGACACATATACGAAATGAG
CAGGTACGGCAAAGAGCAAAAGAATGTTCCCAAGCTCTCAGTCTGATTCTTGACATTGAT
CATGGAAAGCCAGTGAAGAATGCATTAGATTTAAAGTTTGATATGGAACAACTGAAGGAC
TCTATTGATAGGGAAAAAATAGCAGTAATTGGACATTCTTTTGGTGGAGCAACGGTTATT
CAGACTCTTAGTGAAGATCAGAGATTCAGATGTGGTATTGCCCTGGATGCATGGATGTTT
CCACTGGGTGATGAAGTATATTCCAGAATTCCTCAGCCCCTCTTTTTTATCAACTCTGAA
TATTTCCAATATCCTGCTAATATCATAAAAATGAAAAAATGCTACTCACCTGATAAAGAA
AGAAAGATGATTACAATCAGGGGTTCAGTCCACCAGAATTTTGCTGACTTCACTTTTGCA
ACTGGCAAAATAATTGGACACATGCTCAAATTAAAGGGAGACATAGATTCAAATGTAGCT
ATTGATCTTAGCAACAAAGCTTCATTAGCATTCTTACAAAAGCATTTAGGACTTCATAAA
GATTTTGATCAGTGGGACTGCTTGATTGAAGGAGATGATGAGAATCTTATTCCAGGGACC
AACATTAACACAACCAATCAACACATCATGTTACAGAACTCTTCAGGAATAGAGAAATAC
AATTAG
Enzyme 12 GenBank Gene ID U20157 Link Image
Enzyme 12 GeneCard ID PLA2G7 Link Image
Enzyme 12 GenAtlas ID PLA2G7 Link Image
Enzyme 12 HGNC ID HGNC:9040 Link Image
Enzyme 12 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 12 Locus 6p21.2-p12
Enzyme 12 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 12 General References
  1. Tjoelker LW, Wilder C, Eberhardt C, Stafforini DM, Dietsch G, Schimpf B, Hooper S, Le Trong H, Cousens LS, Zimmerman GA, et al.: Anti-inflammatory properties of a platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase. Nature. 1995 Apr 6;374(6522):549-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Tew DG, Southan C, Rice SQ, Lawrence MP, Li H, Boyd HF, Moores K, Gloger IS, Macphee CH: Purification, properties, sequencing, and cloning of a lipoprotein-associated, serine-dependent phospholipase involved in the oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996 Apr;16(4):591-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Tjoelker LW, Eberhardt C, Unger J, Trong HL, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Stafforini DM, Prescott SM, Gray PW: Plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is a secreted phospholipase A2 with a catalytic triad. J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 27;270(43):25481-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Samanta U, Bahnson BJ: Crystal structure of human plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase: structural implication to lipoprotein binding and catalysis. J Biol Chem. 2008 Nov 14;283(46):31617-24. Epub 2008 Sep 10. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Samanta U, Kirby SD, Srinivasan P, Cerasoli DM, Bahnson BJ: Crystal structures of human group-VIIA phospholipase A2 inhibited by organophosphorus nerve agents exhibit non-aged complexes. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Aug 15;78(4):420-9. Epub 2009 Apr 24. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Stafforini DM, Satoh K, Atkinson DL, Tjoelker LW, Eberhardt C, Yoshida H, Imaizumi T, Takamatsu S, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Gray PW, Prescott SM: Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase deficiency. A missense mutation near the active site of an anti-inflammatory phospholipase. J Clin Invest. 1996 Jun 15;97(12):2784-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Yamada Y, Yokota M: Loss of activity of plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase due to a novel Gln281-->Arg mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Jul 30;236(3):772-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Hiramoto M, Yoshida H, Imaizumi T, Yoshimizu N, Satoh K: A mutation in plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (Val279-->Phe) is a genetic risk factor for stroke. Stroke. 1997 Dec;28(12):2417-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Yamada Y, Ichihara S, Fujimura T, Yokota M: Identification of the G994--> T missense in exon 9 of the plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in Japanese men. Metabolism. 1998 Feb;47(2):177-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Yoshida H, Imaizumi T, Fujimoto K, Itaya H, Hiramoto M, Yoshimizu N, Fukushi K, Satoh K: A mutation in plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (Val279Phe) is a genetic risk factor for cerebral hemorrhage but not for hypertension. Thromb Haemost. 1998 Sep;80(3):372-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Kruse S, Mao XQ, Heinzmann A, Blattmann S, Roberts MH, Braun S, Gao PS, Forster J, Kuehr J, Hopkin JM, Shirakawa T, Deichmann KA: The Ile198Thr and Ala379Val variants of plasmatic PAF-acetylhydrolase impair catalytical activities and are associated with atopy and asthma. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 May;66(5):1522-30. Epub 2000 Mar 24. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 12 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 13 [top]
Enzyme 13 ID 5772
Enzyme 13 Name Acetylcholinesterase
Enzyme 13 Synonyms
  1. AChE
Enzyme 13 Gene Name ACHE
Enzyme 13 Protein Sequence >Acetylcholinesterase
MRPPQCLLHTPSLASPLLLLLLWLLGGGVGAEGREDAELLVTVRGGRLRGIRLKTPGGPV
SAFLGIPFAEPPMGPRRFLPPEPKQPWSGVVDATTFQSVCYQYVDTLYPGFEGTEMWNPN
RELSEDCLYLNVWTPYPRPTSPTPVLVWIYGGGFYSGASSLDVYDGRFLVQAERTVLVSM
NYRVGAFGFLALPGSREAPGNVGLLDQRLALQWVQENVAAFGGDPTSVTLFGESAGAASV
GMHLLSPPSRGLFHRAVLQSGAPNGPWATVGMGEARRRATQLAHLVGCPPGGTGGNDTEL
VACLRTRPAQVLVNHEWHVLPQESVFRFSFVPVVDGDFLSDTPEALINAGDFHGLQVLVG
VVKDEGSYFLVYGAPGFSKDNESLISRAEFLAGVRVGVPQVSDLAAEAVVLHYTDWLHPE
DPARLREALSDVVGDHNVVCPVAQLAGRLAAQGARVYAYVFEHRASTLSWPLWMGVPHGY
EIEFIFGIPLDPSRNYTAEEKIFAQRLMRYWANFARTGDPNEPRDPKAPQWPPYTAGAQQ
YVSLDLRPLEVRRGLRAQACAFWNRFLPKLLSATDTLDEAERQWKAEFHRWSSYMVHWKN
QFDHYSKQDRCSDL
Enzyme 13 Number of Residues 614
Enzyme 13 Molecular Weight 67795.5
Enzyme 13 Theoretical pI 6.24
Enzyme 13 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylesterase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cholinesterase activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
Enzyme 13 General Function Involved in carboxylesterase activity
Enzyme 13 Specific Function Terminates signal transduction at the neuromuscular junction by rapid hydrolysis of the acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft. Role in neuronal apoptosis
Enzyme 13 Pathways
Enzyme 13 Reactions
  • acetylcholine + H2O = choline + acetate [RN:R01026]
Enzyme 13 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 13 Signals
  • 1-31
Enzyme 13 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 13 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 13 GenBank ID Protein 177975 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P22303 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACES_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 13 PDB ID 1F8U Link Image
Enzyme 13 PDB File Show
Enzyme 13 3D Structure
Enzyme 13 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 13 Gene Sequence >1845 bp
ATGAGGCCCCCGCAGTGTCTGCTGCACACGCCTTCCCTGGCTTCCCCACTCCTTCTCCTC
CTCCTCTGGCTCCTGGGTGGAGGAGTGGGGGCTGAGGGCCGGGAGGATGCAGAGCTGCTG
GTGACGGTGCGTGGGGGCCGGCTGCGGGGCATTCGCCTGAAGACCCCCGGGGGCCCTGTC
TCTGCTTTCCTGGGCATCCCCTTTGCGGAGCCACCCATGGGACCCCGTCGCTTTCTGCCA
CCGGAGCCCAAGCAGCCTTGGTCAGGGGTGGTAGACGCTACAACCTTCCAGAGTGTCTGC
TACCAATATGTGGACACCCTATACCCAGGTTTTGAGGGCACCGAGATGTGGAACCCCAAC
CGTGAGCTGAGCGAGGACTGCCTGTACCTCAACGTGTGGACACCATACCCCCGGCCTACA
TCCCCCACCCCTGTCCTCGTCTGGATCTATGGGGGTGGCTTCTACAGTGGGGCCTCCTCC
TTGGACGTGTACGATGGCCGCTTCTTGGTACAGGCCGAGAGGACTGTGCTGGTGTCCATG
AACTACCGGGTGGGAGCCTTTGGCTTCCTGGCCCTGCCGGGGAGCCGAGAGGCCCCGGGC
AATGTGGGTCTCCTGGATCAGAGGCTGGCCCTGCAGTGGGTGCAGGAGAACGTGGCAGCC
TTCGGGGGTGACCCGACATCAGTGACGCTGTTTGGGGAGAGCGCGGGAGCCGCCTCGGTG
GGCATGCACCTGCTGTCCCCGCCCAGCCGGGGCCTGTTCCACAGGGCCGTGCTGCAGAGC
GGTGCCCCCAATGGACCCTGGGCCACGGTGGGCATGGGAGAGGCCCGTCGCAGGGCCACG
CAGCTGGCCCACCTTGTGGGCTGTCCTCCAGGCGGCACTGGTGGGAATGACACAGAGCTG
GTAGCCTGCCTTCGGACACGACCAGCGCAGGTCCTGGTGAACCACGAATGGCACGTGCTG
CCTCAAGAAAGCGTCTTCCGGTTCTCCTTCGTGCCTGTGGTAGATGGAGACTTCCTCAGT
GACACCCCAGAGGCCCTCATCAACGCGGGAGACTTCCACGGCCTGCAGGTGCTGGTGGGT
GTGGTGAAGGATGAGGGCTCGTATTTTCTGGTTTACGGGGCCCCAGGCTTCAGCAAAGAC
AACGAGTCTCTCATCAGCCGGGCCGAGTTCCTGGCCGGGGTGCGGGTCGGGGTTCCCCAG
GTAAGTGACCTGGCAGCCGAGGCTGTGGTCCTGCATTACACAGACTGGCTGCATCCCGAG
GACCCGGCACGCCTGAGGGAGGCCCTGAGCGATGTGGTGGGCGACCACAATGTCGTGTGC
CCCGTGGCCCAGCTGGCTGGGCGACTGGCTGCCCAGGGTGCCCGGGTCTACGCCTACGTC
TTTGAACACCGTGCTTCCACGCTCTCCTGGCCCCTGTGGATGGGGGTGCCCCACGGCTAC
GAGATCGAGTTCATCTTTGGGATCCCCCTGGACCCCTCTCGAAACTACACGGCAGAGGAG
AAAATCTTCGCCCAGCGACTGATGCGATACTGGGCCAACTTTGCCCGCACAGGGGATCCC
AATGAGCCCCGAGACCCCAAGGCCCCACAATGGCCCCCGTACACGGCGGGGGCTCAGCAG
TACGTTAGTCTGGACCTGCGGCCGCTGGAGGTGCGGCGGGGGCTGCGCGCCCAGGCCTGC
GCCTTCTGGAACCGCTTCCTCCCCAAATTGCTCAGCGCCACCGACACGCTCGACGAGGCG
GAGCGCCAGTGGAAGGCCGAGTTCCACCGCTGGAGCTCCTACATGGTGCACTGGAAGAAC
CAGTTCGACCACTACAGCAAGCAGGATCGCTGCTCAGACCTGTGA
Enzyme 13 GenBank Gene ID M55040 Link Image
Enzyme 13 GeneCard ID ACHE Link Image
Enzyme 13 GenAtlas ID ACHE Link Image
Enzyme 13 HGNC ID HGNC:108 Link Image
Enzyme 13 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 13 Locus 7q22
Enzyme 13 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 13 General References
  1. Soreq H, Ben-Aziz R, Prody CA, Seidman S, Gnatt A, Neville L, Lieman-Hurwitz J, Lev-Lehman E, Ginzberg D, Lipidot-Lifson Y, et al.: Molecular cloning and construction of the coding region for human acetylcholinesterase reveals a G + C-rich attenuating structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9688-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Karpel R, Ben Aziz-Aloya R, Sternfeld M, Ehrlich G, Ginzberg D, Tarroni P, Clementi F, Zakut H, Soreq H: Expression of three alternative acetylcholinesterase messenger RNAs in human tumor cell lines of different tissue origins. Exp Cell Res. 1994 Feb;210(2):268-77. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Wilson MD, Riemer C, Martindale DW, Schnupf P, Boright AP, Cheung TL, Hardy DM, Schwartz S, Scherer SW, Tsui LC, Miller W, Koop BF: Comparative analysis of the gene-dense ACHE/TFR2 region on human chromosome 7q22 with the orthologous region on mouse chromosome 5. Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 Mar 15;29(6):1352-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Chhajlani V, Derr D, Earles B, Schmell E, August T: Purification and partial amino acid sequence analysis of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. FEBS Lett. 1989 Apr 24;247(2):279-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Velan B, Grosfeld H, Kronman C, Leitner M, Gozes Y, Lazar A, Flashner Y, Marcus D, Cohen S, Shafferman A: The effect of elimination of intersubunit disulfide bonds on the activity, assembly, and secretion of recombinant human acetylcholinesterase. Expression of acetylcholinesterase Cys-580----Ala mutant. J Biol Chem. 1991 Dec 15;266(35):23977-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Shafferman A, Kronman C, Flashner Y, Leitner M, Grosfeld H, Ordentlich A, Gozes Y, Cohen S, Ariel N, Barak D, et al.: Mutagenesis of human acetylcholinesterase. Identification of residues involved in catalytic activity and in polypeptide folding. J Biol Chem. 1992 Sep 5;267(25):17640-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Yang L, He HY, Zhang XJ: Increased expression of intranuclear AChE involved in apoptosis of SK-N-SH cells. Neurosci Res. 2002 Apr;42(4):261-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Felder CE, Botti SA, Lifson S, Silman I, Sussman JL: External and internal electrostatic potentials of cholinesterase models. J Mol Graph Model. 1997 Oct;15(5):318-27, 335-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Kryger G, Harel M, Giles K, Toker L, Velan B, Lazar A, Kronman C, Barak D, Ariel N, Shafferman A, Silman I, Sussman JL: Structures of recombinant native and E202Q mutant human acetylcholinesterase complexed with the snake-venom toxin fasciculin-II. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2000 Nov;56(Pt 11):1385-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Dvir H, Harel M, Bon S, Liu WQ, Vidal M, Garbay C, Sussman JL, Massoulie J, Silman I: The synaptic acetylcholinesterase tetramer assembles around a polyproline II helix. EMBO J. 2004 Nov 10;23(22):4394-405. Epub 2004 Nov 4. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Bartels CF, Zelinski T, Lockridge O: Mutation at codon 322 in the human acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) gene accounts for YT blood group polymorphism. Am J Hum Genet. 1993 May;52(5):928-36. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 13 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 14 [top]
Enzyme 14 ID 5777
Enzyme 14 Name Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit gamma
Enzyme 14 Synonyms
  1. PAF acetylhydrolase 29 kDa subunit
  2. PAF-AH 29 kDa subunit
  3. PAF-AH subunit gamma
  4. PAFAH subunit gamma
Enzyme 14 Gene Name PAFAH1B3
Enzyme 14 Protein Sequence >Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit gamma
MSGEENPASKPTPVQDVQGDGRWMSLHHRFVADSKDKEPEVVFIGDSLVQLMHQCEIWRE
LFSPLHALNFGIGGDGTQHVLWRLENGELEHIRPKIVVVWVGTNNHGHTAEQVTGGIKAI
VQLVNERQPQARVVVLGLLPRGQHPNPLREKNRQVNELVRAALAGHPRAHFLDADPGFVH
SDGTISHHDMYDYLHLSRLGYTPVCRALHSLLLRLLAQDQGQGAPLLEPAP
Enzyme 14 Number of Residues 231
Enzyme 14 Molecular Weight 25734.1
Enzyme 14 Theoretical pI 6.84
Enzyme 14 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 14 General Function Involved in hydrolase activity
Enzyme 14 Specific Function Inactivates paf by removing the acetyl group at the sn-2 position. This is a catalytic subunit. Plays an important role during the development of brain
Enzyme 14 Pathways
Enzyme 14 Reactions
  • 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate [RN:R04452]
Enzyme 14 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 14 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 14 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 14 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 14 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q15102 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA1B3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 14 PDB ID 1FXW Link Image
Enzyme 14 PDB File Show
Enzyme 14 3D Structure
Enzyme 14 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 14 Gene Sequence >696 bp
ATGAGTGGAGAGGAGAACCCAGCCAGCAAGCCCACGCCGGTGCAGGACGTACAGGGCGAC
GGGCGCTGGATGTCCCTGCACCATCGGTTCGTGGCTGACAGCAAAGATAAGGAACCCGAA
GTCGTCTTCATCGGGGACTCCTTGGTCCAGCTCATGCACCAGTGCGAGATCTGGCGCGAG
CTCTTCTCTCCTCTGCATGCACTTAACTTTGGCATTGGTGGTGACGGCACACAGCATGTA
CTGTGGCGGCTGGAGAATGGGGAGCTGGAACACATCCGGCCCAAGATTGTGGTGGTCTGG
GTGGGCACCAACAACCACGGACACACAGCAGAGCAGGTGACTGGTGGCATCAAGGCCATT
GTGCAACTGGTGAATGAGCGACAGCCCCAGGCCCGGGTTGTGGTGCTGGGCCTGCTTCCG
CGAGGCCAACATCCCAACCCACTTCGGGAGAAGAACCGACAGGTGAACGAGCTGGTACGG
GCGGCACTGGCTGGCCACCCTCGGGCCCACTTCCTAGATGCCGACCCTGGCTTTGTGCAC
TCAGATGGCACCATCAGCCATCATGACATGTATGATTACCTGCATCTGAGCCGCCTGGGC
TACACACCTGTTTGCCGGGCTCTGCACTCCCTGCTTCTGCGTCTGCTGGCCCAAGACCAG
GGCCAAGGTGCTCCCCTGCTGGAGCCCGCACCCTAA
Enzyme 14 GenBank Gene ID D63391 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GeneCard ID PAFAH1B3 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GenAtlas ID PAFAH1B3 Link Image
Enzyme 14 HGNC ID HGNC:8576 Link Image
Enzyme 14 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 14 Locus 19q13.1
Enzyme 14 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 14 General References
  1. Adachi H, Tsujimoto M, Hattori M, Arai H, Inoue K: cDNA cloning of human cytosolic platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gamma-subunit and its mRNA expression in human tissues. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Sep 5;214(1):180-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A, Terry A, Schmutz J, Lamerdin J, Hellsten U, Goodstein D, Couronne O, Tran-Gyamfi M, Aerts A, Altherr M, Ashworth L, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caenepeel S, Carrano A, Caoile C, Chan YM, Christensen M, Cleland CA, Copeland A, Dalin E, Dehal P, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Garcia C, Georgescu AM, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Ho I, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Larionov V, Leem SH, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McCready P, Medina C, Morgan J, Nelson K, Nolan M, Ovcharenko I, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Popkie AP, Predki P, Quan G, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, She X, Smith D, Slezak T, Solovyev V, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wagner M, Wheeler J, Wu K, Xie G, Yang J, Dubchak I, Furey TS, DeJong P, Dickson M, Gordon D, Eichler EE, Pennacchio LA, Richardson P, Stubbs L, Rokhsar DS, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Lucas SM: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):529-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 14 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 15 [top]
Enzyme 15 ID 5780
Enzyme 15 Name Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta
Enzyme 15 Synonyms
  1. PAF acetylhydrolase 30 kDa subunit
  2. PAF-AH 30 kDa subunit
  3. PAF-AH subunit beta
  4. PAFAH subunit beta
Enzyme 15 Gene Name PAFAH1B2
Enzyme 15 Protein Sequence >Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta
MSQGDSNPAAIPHAAEDIQGDDRWMSQHNRFVLDCKDKEPDVLFVGDSMVQLMQQYEIWR
ELFSPLHALNFGIGGDTTRHVLWRLKNGELENIKPKVIVVWVGTNNHENTAEEVAGGIEA
IVQLINTRQPQAKIIVLGLLPRGEKPNPLRQKNAKVNQLLKVSLPKLANVQLLDTDGGFV
HSDGAISCHDMFDFLHLTGGGYAKICKPLHELIMQLLEETPEEKQTTIA
Enzyme 15 Number of Residues 229
Enzyme 15 Molecular Weight 25569.1
Enzyme 15 Theoretical pI 5.80
Enzyme 15 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • lipid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • primary metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 15 General Function Involved in hydrolase activity
Enzyme 15 Specific Function Inactivates PAF by removing the acetyl group at the sn-2 position. This is a catalytic subunit
Enzyme 15 Pathways
Enzyme 15 Reactions
  • 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate [RN:R04452]
Enzyme 15 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 15 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 15 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 15 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 15 GenBank ID Protein 12653259 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P68402 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA1B2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 15 PDB ID 1FXW Link Image
Enzyme 15 PDB File Show
Enzyme 15 3D Structure
Enzyme 15 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 15 Gene Sequence >690 bp
ATGAGCCAAGGAGACTCAAACCCAGCAGCTATTCCGCATGCAGCAGAAGATATTCAAGGA
GATGACCGATGGATGTCTCAGCACAACAGATTTGTTTTGGACTGTAAAGACAAAGAGCCT
GATGTACTGTTCGTGGGAGACTCCATGGTGCAGTTAATGCAGCAATATGAGATATGGCGA
GAGCTTTTTTCCCCACTTCATGCACTGAATTTTGGAATTGGGGGAGATACAACAAGACAT
GTTTTGTGGAGACTAAAGAATGGAGAACTGGAGAATATTAAGCCTAAGGTCATTGTTGTC
TGGGTAGGAACAAATAACCACGAAAATACAGCAGAAGAAGTAGCAGGTGGGATCGAGGCC
ATTGTACAACTTATCAACACAAGGCAGCCACAGGCCAAAATCATTGTATTGGGTTTGTTA
CCTCGAGGTGAGAAACCCAATCCTTTGAGGCAAAAGAACGCCAAGGTGAACCAACTCCTC
AAGGTTTCGCTGCCGAAGCTTGCCAACGTGCAGCTCCTGGATACCGACGGGGGTTTTGTG
CACTCGGACGGTGCCATCTCCTGCCACGACATGTTTGATTTTCTGCATCTGACAGGAGGG
GGCTATGCAAAGATCTGCAAACCCCTGCATGAACTGATCATGCAGTTGTTGGAGGAAACA
CCTGAGGAGAAACAAACCACCATTGCCTGA
Enzyme 15 GenBank Gene ID BC000398 Link Image
Enzyme 15 GeneCard ID PAFAH1B2 Link Image
Enzyme 15 GenAtlas ID PAFAH1B2 Link Image
Enzyme 15 HGNC ID HGNC:8575 Link Image
Enzyme 15 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 15 Locus 11q23
Enzyme 15 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 15 General References
  1. Adachi H, Tsujimoto M, Hattori M, Arai H, Inoue K: Differential tissue distribution of the beta- and gamma-subunits of human cytosolic platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (isoform I). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Apr 7;233(1):10-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 15 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 16 [top]
Enzyme 16 ID 5785
Enzyme 16 Name Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, cytoplasmic
Enzyme 16 Synonyms
  1. Serine-dependent phospholipase A2
  2. SD-PLA2
  3. hSD-PLA2
Enzyme 16 Gene Name PAFAH2
Enzyme 16 Protein Sequence >Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, cytoplasmic
MGVNQSVGFPPVTGPHLVGCGDVMEGQNLQGSFFRLFYPCQKAEETMEQPLWIPRYEYCT
GLAEYLQFNKRCGGLLFNLAVGSCRLPVSWNGPFKTKDSGYPLIIFSHGLGAFRTLYSAF
CMELASRGFVVAVPEHRDRSAATTYFCKQAPEENQPTNESLQEEWIPFRRVEEGEKEFHV
RNPQVHQRVSECLRVLKILQEVTAGQTVFNILPGGLDLMTLKGNIDMSRVAVMGHSFGGA
TAILALAKETQFRCAVALDAWMFPLERDFYPKARGPVFFINTEKFQTMESVNLMKKICAQ
HEQSRIITVLGSVHRSQTDFAFVTGNLIGKFFSTETRGSLDPYEGQEVMVRAMLAFLQKH
LDLKEDYNQWNNLIEGIGPSLTPGAPHHLSSL
Enzyme 16 Number of Residues 392
Enzyme 16 Molecular Weight 44035.3
Enzyme 16 Theoretical pI 6.89
Enzyme 16 GO Classification
Function
  • 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity
  • carboxylesterase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • lipid catabolic process
  • lipid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • primary metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 16 General Function Involved in 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity
Enzyme 16 Specific Function Has a marked selectivity for phospholipids with short acyl chains at the sn-2 position. May share a common physiologic function with the plasma-type enzyme
Enzyme 16 Pathways
Enzyme 16 Reactions
  • 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate [RN:R04452]
Enzyme 16 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 16 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 16 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 16 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 16 GenBank ID Protein 55859645 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q99487 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PAFA2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 16 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 16 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 16 Gene Sequence >1179 bp
ATGGGGGTCAACCAGTCTGTGGGCTTTCCACCTGTCACAGGACCCCACCTCGTAGGCTGT
GGGGATGTGATGGAGGGTCAGAATCTCCAGGGGAGCTTCTTTCGACTCTTCTACCCCTGC
CAAAAGGCAGAGGAGACCATGGAGCAGCCCCTGTGGATTCCCCGCTATGAGTACTGCACT
GGCCTGGCCGAGTACCTGCAGTTTAATAAGCGCTGCGGGGGCTTGCTGTTCAACCTGGCG
GTGGGATCTTGTCGCCTGCCTGTTAGCTGGAATGGCCCCTTTAAGACAAAGGACTCTGGA
TACCCCTTGATCATCTTCTCCCATGGCCTAGGAGCCTTCAGGACTTTGTATTCAGCCTTC
TGCATGGAGCTGGCCTCACGTGGCTTTGTGGTTGCTGTGCCAGAGCACAGGGACCGGTCA
GCGGCAACCACCTATTTCTGCAAGCAGGCCCCAGAAGAGAACCAGCCCACCAATGAATCG
CTGCAGGAGGAATGGATCCCTTTCCGTCGAGTTGAGGAAGGGGAGAAGGAATTTCATGTT
CGGAATCCCCAGGTGCATCAGCGGGTAAGCGAGTGTTTACGGGTGTTGAAGATCCTGCAA
GAGGTCACTGCTGGGCAGACTGTCTTCAACATCTTGCCTGGTGGCTTGGATCTGATGACT
TTGAAGGGCAACATTGACATGAGCCGTGTGGCTGTGATGGGACATTCATTTGGAGGGGCC
ACAGCTATTCTGGCTTTGGCCAAGGAGACCCAATTTCGGTGTGCGGTGGCTCTGGATGCT
TGGATGTTTCCTCTGGAACGTGACTTTTACCCCAAGGCCCGAGGACCTGTGTTCTTTATC
AATACTGAGAAATTCCAGACAATGGAGAGTGTCAATTTGATGAAGAAGATATGTGCCCAG
CATGAACAGTCTAGGATCATAACCGTTCTTGGTTCTGTTCATCGGAGTCAAACTGACTTT
GCTTTTGTGACTGGCAACTTGATTGGTAAATTCTTCTCCACTGAAACCCGTGGGAGCCTG
GACCCCTATGAAGGGCAGGAGGTTATGGTACGGGCCATGTTGGCCTTCCTGCAGAAGCAC
CTCGACCTGAAAGAAGACTATAATCAATGGAACAACCTTATTGAAGGCATTGGACCGTCG
CTCACCCCAGGGGCCCCCCACCATCTGTCCAGCCTGTAG
Enzyme 16 GenBank Gene ID AL592064 Link Image
Enzyme 16 GeneCard ID PAFAH2 Link Image
Enzyme 16 GenAtlas ID PAFAH2 Link Image
Enzyme 16 HGNC ID HGNC:8579 Link Image
Enzyme 16 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 16 Locus 1p36
Enzyme 16 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 16 General References
  1. Hattori K, Adachi H, Matsuzawa A, Yamamoto K, Tsujimoto M, Aoki J, Hattori M, Arai H, Inoue K: cDNA cloning and expression of intracellular platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase II. Its homology with plasma PAF acetylhydrolase. J Biol Chem. 1996 Dec 20;271(51):33032-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rice SQ, Southan C, Boyd HF, Terrett JA, MacPhee CH, Moores K, Gloger IS, Tew DG: Expression, purification and characterization of a human serine-dependent phospholipase A2 with high specificity for oxidized phospholipids and platelet activating factor. Biochem J. 1998 Mar 15;330 ( Pt 3):1309-15. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Stafforini DM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Prescott SM: Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jul 18;272(29):17895-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 16 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 17 [top]
Enzyme 17 ID 5786
Enzyme 17 Name Sialate O-acetylesterase
Enzyme 17 Synonyms
  1. H-Lse
  2. Sialic acid-specific 9-O-acetylesterase
Enzyme 17 Gene Name SIAE
Enzyme 17 Protein Sequence >Sialate O-acetylesterase
MVAPGLVLGLVLPLILWADRSAGIGFRFASYINNDMVLQKEPAGAVIWGFGTPGATVTVT
LRQGQETIMKKVTSVKAHSDTWMVVLDPMKPGGPFEVMAQQTLEKINFTLRVHDVLFGDV
WLCSGQSNMQMTVLQIFNATRELSNTAAYQSVRILSVSPIQAEQELEDLVAVDLQWSKPT
SENLGHGYFKYMSAVCWLFGRHLYDTLQYPIGLIASSWGGTPIEAWSSGRSLKACGVPKQ
GSIPYDSVTGPSKHSVLWNAMIHPLCNMTLKGVVWYQGESNINYNTDLYNCTFPALIEDW
RETFHRGSQGQTERFFPFGLVQLSSDLSKKSSDDGFPQIRWHQTADFGYVPNPKMPNTFM
AVAMDLCDRDSPFGSIHPRDKQTVAYRLHLGARALAYGEKNLTFEGPLPEKIELLAHKGL
LNLTYYQQIQVQKKDNKIFEISCCSDHRCKWLPASMNTVSTQSLTLAIDSCHGTVVALRY
AWTTWPCEYKQCPLYHPSSALPAPPFIAFITDQGPGHQSNVAK
Enzyme 17 Number of Residues 523
Enzyme 17 Molecular Weight 58314.4
Enzyme 17 Theoretical pI 7.35
Enzyme 17 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 17 General Function Involved in sialate O-acetylesterase activity
Enzyme 17 Specific Function Catalyzes the removal of O-acetyl ester groups from position 9 of the parent sialic acid, N-acetylneuraminic acid
Enzyme 17 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 17 Reactions
  • N-acetyl-O-acetylneuraminate + H2O = N-acetylneuraminate + acetate [RN:R01810]
Enzyme 17 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 17 Signals
  • 1-23
Enzyme 17 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 17 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 17 GenBank ID Protein 24850115 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9HAT2 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SIAE_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 17 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 17 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 17 Gene Sequence >1572 bp
ATGGTCGCGCCGGGGCTTGTACTCGGGCTGGTGCTGCCATTAATCCTGTGGGCCGACAGA
AGTGCAGGTATTGGTTTTCGCTTTGCTTCATACATCAATAATGATATGGTGCTGCAGAAG
GAGCCTGCTGGGGCAGTGATATGGGGCTTCGGTACACCTGGAGCCACAGTGACCGTGACC
CTGCGCCAAGGTCAGGAAACCATCATGAAGAAAGTGACCAGTGTGAAAGCTCACTCTGAT
ACGTGGATGGTGGTACTGGATCCTATGAAGCCTGGAGGACCTTTCGAAGTGATGGCACAA
CAGACTTTGGAGAAAATAAACTTCACCCTGAGAGTTCATGACGTCCTGTTTGGAGATGTC
TGGCTCTGTAGTGGGCAGAGTAACATGCAGATGACTGTGTTACAGATATTTAATGCTACA
AGGGAGTTGTCTAACACTGCGGCATATCAGTCTGTCCGCATCCTCTCTGTCTCTCCCATT
CAAGCAGAGCAGGAGCTGGAGGACCTTGTTGCGGTTGACTTGCAGTGGTCTAAGCCCACC
TCAGAAAACTTAGGCCATGGATATTTCAAGTACATGTCAGCAGTGTGCTGGCTCTTTGGA
CGTCACCTTTATGACACTCTGCAGTATCCCATCGGGCTGATCGCCTCCAGCTGGGGCGGG
ACACCCATTGAAGCCTGGTCATCTGGACGGTCACTGAAAGCCTGTGGGGTCCCTAAACAA
GGGTCCATTCCATACGATTCTGTAACTGGTCCCAGTAAGCACTCTGTTCTCTGGAATGCC
ATGATCCATCCACTGTGCAATATGACTCTGAAAGGGGTAGTATGGTACCAGGGGGAGTCC
AATATAAATTATAACACGGATCTGTACAATTGCACATTCCCTGCACTCATCGAAGACTGG
CGTGAAACCTTCCACCGTGGTTCCCAGGGGCAGACGGAGCGTTTCTTCCCATTTGGACTT
GTCCAGTTATCTTCAGATTTGTCTAAGAAGAGCTCAGACGATGGATTTCCCCAGATCCGT
TGGCATCAAACAGCAGACTTCGGCTATGTCCCCAACCCAAAGATGCCCAATACTTTCATG
GCTGTAGCTATGGATCTCTGTGATAGAGACTCGCCTTTTGGCAGCATCCACCCTCGAGAT
AAACAGACTGTGGCTTATCGGCTGCATTTGGGGGCCCGTGCTCTGGCTTATGGTGAGAAG
AATTTGACCTTTGAAGGACCACTGCCTGAGAAGATAGAACTCTTGGCTCACAAGGGGCTG
CTCAATCTCACATATTACCAGCAAATCCAGGTGCAGAAAAAGGACAACAAGATATTTGAG
ATCTCCTGTTGCAGTGACCATCGATGCAAGTGGCTTCCAGCTTCTATGAACACCGTCTCC
ACCCAGTCCCTGACCCTGGCGATCGATTCTTGTCATGGCACTGTGGTTGCTCTCCGCTAT
GCTTGGACCACGTGGCCTTGTGAATATAAGCAGTGTCCCCTATACCACCCCAGTAGTGCC
CTGCCAGCCCCTCCCTTCATTGCTTTCATTACAGACCAGGGTCCTGGACATCAGAGCAAT
GTTGCTAAATGA
Enzyme 17 GenBank Gene ID NM_170601.3 Link Image
Enzyme 17 GeneCard ID SIAE Link Image
Enzyme 17 GenAtlas ID SIAE Link Image
Enzyme 17 HGNC ID HGNC:18187 Link Image
Enzyme 17 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 17 Locus 11q24
Enzyme 17 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 17 General References
  1. Zhu H, Chan HC, Zhou Z, Li J, Zhu H, Yin L, Xu M, Cheng L, Sha J: A Gene Encoding Sialic-Acid-Specific 9-O-Acetylesterase Found in Human Adult Testis. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2004;2004(3):130-136. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 17 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 18 [top]
Enzyme 18 ID 5810
Enzyme 18 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2
Enzyme 18 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 8
Enzyme 18 Gene Name ALDH3B2
Enzyme 18 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2
MKDEPRSTNLFMKLDSVFIWKEPFGLVLIIAPWNYPLNLTLVLLVGALAAGSCVVLKPSE
ISQGTEKVLAEVLPQYLDQSCFAVVLGGPQETGQLLEHKLDYIFFTGSPRVGKIVMTAAT
KHLTPVTLELGGKNPCYVDDNCDPQTVANRVAWFCYFNAGQTCVAPDYVLCSPEMQERLL
PALQSTITRFYGDDPQSSPNLGHIINQKQFQRLRALLGCSRVAIGGQSNESDRYIAPTVL
VDVQETEPVMQEEIFGPILPIVNVQSVDEAIKFINRQEKPLALYAFSNSSQVVNQMLERT
SSGSFGGNEGFTYISLLSVPFGGVGHSGMGRYHGKFTFDTFSHHRTCLLAPSGLEKLKEI
HYPPYTDWNQQLLRWGMGSQSCTLL
Enzyme 18 Number of Residues 385
Enzyme 18 Molecular Weight 42634.6
Enzyme 18 Theoretical pI 5.86
Enzyme 18 GO Classification
Function
  • aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Process
  • cellular aldehyde metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 18 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 18 Specific Function An aldehyde + NAD(P)(+) + H(2)O = an acid + NAD(P)H
Enzyme 18 Pathways
Enzyme 18 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = an acid + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R00538 R00634]
Enzyme 18 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 18 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 18 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 18 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 18 GenBank ID Protein 21751068 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P48448 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL3B2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 18 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 18 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 18 Gene Sequence >1158 bp
ATGGAGGATGAACCACGGTCCACGAACCTGTTCATGAAGCTGGACTCGGTCTTCATCTGG
AAGGAACCCTTTGGCCTGGTCCTCATCATCGCACCCTGGAACTACCCACTGAACCTGACC
CTGGTGCTCCTGGTGGGCGCCCTCGCCGCAGGGAATTGCGTGGTGCTGAAGCCGTCAGAA
ATCAGCCAGGGCACAGAGAAGGTCCTGGCTGAGGTGCTGCCCCAGTACCTGGACCAGAGC
TGCTTTGCCGTGGTGCTGGGCGGACCCCAGGAGACAGGGCAGCTGCTAGAGCACAAGTTG
GACTACATCTTCTTCACAGGGAGCCCTCGTGTGGGCAAGATTGTCATGACTGCTGCCACC
AAGCACCTGACGCCTGTCACCCTGGAGCTGGGGGTCAAGAACCCCTGCTACGTGGACGAC
AACTGCGACCCCCAGACCGTGGCCAACCGCGTGGCCTGGTTCTGCTACTTCAATGCCGGC
CAGACCTGCGTGGCCCCTGACTACGTCCTGTGCAGCCCCGAGATGCAGGAGAGGCTGCTG
CCCGCCCTGCAGAGCACCATCACCCGTTTCTATGGCGACGACCCCCAGAGCTCCCCAAAC
CTGGGCCGCATCATCAACCAGAAACAGTTCCAGCGGCTGCGGGCATTGCTGGGCTGCGGC
CGCGTGGCCATTGGGGGCCAGAGCAACGAGAGCGATCGCTACATCGCCCCCACGGTGCTG
GTGGACGTGCAGGAGACGGAGCCTGTGATGCAGGAGGAGATCTTCGGGCCCATCCTGCCC
ATCGTGAACGTGCAGAGCGTGGACGAGGCCATCAAGTTCATCAACCGGCAGGAGAAGCCC
CTGGCCCTGTACGCCTTCTCCAACAGCAGCCAGGTTGTGAACCAGATGCTGGAGCGGACC
AGCAGCGGCAGCTTTGGAGGCAATGAGGGCTTCACCTACATATCTCTGCTGTCCGTGCCA
TTCGGGGGAGTCGGCCACAGTGGGATGGGCCGGTACCACGGCAAGTTCACCTTCGACACC
TTCTCCCACCACCGCACCTGCCTGCTCGCCCCCTCCGGCCTGGAGAAATTAAAGGAGATC
CGCTACCCACCCTATACCGACTGGAACCAGCAGCTGTTACGCTGGGGCATGGGCTCCCAG
AGCTGCACCCTCCTGTGA
Enzyme 18 GenBank Gene ID AK092464 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GeneCard ID ALDH3B2 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GenAtlas ID ALDH3B2 Link Image
Enzyme 18 HGNC ID HGNC:411 Link Image
Enzyme 18 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 18 Locus 11q13
Enzyme 18 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 18 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Lin SW, Yoshida A: Cloning and characterization of genes encoding four additional human aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995;372:159-68. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hsu LC, Chang WC: Sequencing and expression of the human ALDH8 encoding a new member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. Gene. 1996 Oct 3;174(2):319-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Taylor TD, Noguchi H, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Dewar K, Lloyd C, Itoh T, Takeda T, Kim DW, She X, Barlow KF, Bloom T, Bruford E, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Eichler E, FitzGerald MG, Jaffe DB, LaButti K, Nicol R, Park HS, Seaman C, Sougnez C, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Zody MC, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Rogers J, Lander ES, Sakaki Y: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):497-500. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 18 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 19 [top]
Enzyme 19 ID 5811
Enzyme 19 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1
Enzyme 19 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 7
Enzyme 19 Gene Name ALDH3B1
Enzyme 19 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1
MDPLGDTLRRLREAFHAGRTRPAEFRAAQLQGLGRFLQENKQLLHDALAQDLHKSAFESE
VSEVAISQGEVTLALRNLRAWMKDERVPKNLATQLDSAFIRKEPFGLVLIIAPWNYPLNL
TLVPLVGALAAGNCVVLKPSEISKNVEKILAEVLPQYVDQSCFAVVLGGPQETGQLLEHR
FDYIFFTGSPRVGKIVMTAAAKHLTPVTLELGGKNPCYVDDNCDPQTVANRVAWFRYFNA
GQTCVAPDYVLCSPEMQERLLPALQSTITRFYGDDPQSSPNLGRIINQKQFQRLRALLGC
GRVAIGGQSDESDRYIAPTVLVDVQEMEPVMQEEIFGPILPIVNVQSLDEAIEFINRREK
PLALYAFSNSSQVVKRVLTQTSSGGFCGNDGFMHMTLASLPFGGVGASGMGRYHGKFSFD
TFSHHRACLLRSPGMEKLNALRYPPQSPRRLRMLLVAMEAQGCSCTLL
Enzyme 19 Number of Residues 468
Enzyme 19 Molecular Weight 51839.2
Enzyme 19 Theoretical pI 7.67
Enzyme 19 GO Classification
Function
  • aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Process
  • cellular aldehyde metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 19 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 19 Specific Function Oxidizes medium and long chain saturated and unsaturated aldehydes. Metabolizes also benzaldehyde. Low activity towards acetaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde. May not metabolize short chain aldehydes. May use both NADP(+) and NAD(+) as cofactors. May have a protective role against the cytotoxicity induced by lipid peroxidation
Enzyme 19 Pathways
Enzyme 19 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = an acid + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R00538 R00634]
Enzyme 19 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 19 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 19 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 19 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 19 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P43353 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL3B1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 19 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 19 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 19 Gene Sequence >1407 bp
ATGGACCCCCTTGGGGACACGCTGCGGCGACTGCGGGAGGCCTTCCACGCGGGGCGCACG
CGGCCAGCTGAGTTCCGGGCTGCGCAGCTCCAAGGCCTGGGCCGCTTCCTGCAAGAAAAC
AAGCAGCTTCTGCACGACGCACTGGCCCAGGACCTGCACAAGTCAGCCTTCGAGTCGGAG
GTGTCTGAGGTTGCCATCAGCCAGGGCGAGGTCACCCTGGCCCTCAGGAACCTCCGGGCC
TGGATGAAGGACGAGCGTGTGCCCAAGAACCTGGCCACGCAGCTGGACTCCGCCTTCATC
CGGAAGGAGCCCTTTGGCCTGGTCCTCATCATTGCGCCCTGGAACTATCCGCTGAACCTG
ACGCTGGTGCCCCTCGTGGGAGCCCTCGCTGCAGGGAACTGTGTGGTGCTGAAGCCATCG
GAGATTAGCAAGAACGTCGAGAAGATCCTGGCCGAGGTGCTGCCCCAATACGTGGACCAG
AGCTGCTTTGCTGTGGTGCTGGGCGGGCCCCAGGAGACGGGGCAGCTGCTAGAGCACAGG
TTCGACTACATCTTCTTCACAGGGAGCCCTCGTGTGGGCAAGATTGTTATGACTGCTGCC
GCCAAGCACCTGACACCTGTCACCCTGGAGCTGGGGGGCAAGAACCCTTGCTACGTGGAC
GACAACTGCGACCCCCAGACCGTGGCCAACCGCGTGGCCTGGTTCCGCTACTTCAACGCC
GGCCAGACCTGCGTGGCCCCCGACTACGTCCTATGCAGCCCTGAGATGCAGGAGAGGCTG
CTGCCTGCCCTGCAGAGCACCATCACCCGTTTCTATGGCGACGACCCCCAGAGCTCCCCA
AACCTGGGCCGCATCATCAACCAGAAACAGTTCCAGCGGCTGCGGGCATTGCTGGGCTGC
GGCCGTGTGGCCATTGGGGGCCAGAGCGATGAGAGCGATCGCTACATCGCCCCCACGGTG
CTGGTGGATGTGCAGGAGATGGAGCCTGTGATGCAGGAGGAGATCTTCGGGCCCATCCTG
CCCATCGTGAACGTGCAGAGCTTGGACGAGGCCATCGAGTTCATCAACCGGCGGGAGAAG
CCCCTGGCCCTGTACGCCTTCTCCAACAGCAGCCAGGTGGTCAAGCGGGTGCTGACCCAG
ACCAGCAGCGGGGGCTTCTGTGGGAACGACGGCTTCATGCACATGACCCTGGCCAGCCTG
CCTTTTGGAGGAGTGGGTGCCAGTGGGATGGGCCGGTACCATGGCAAGTTCTCCTTCGAC
ACCTTCTCCCACCATCGCGCCTGCCTCCTGCGCAGCCCGGGGATGGAGAAGCTCAACGCC
CTCCGCTACCCGCCGCAATCGCCGCGCCGCCTGAGGATGCTGCTGGTGGCCATGGAGGCC
CAAGGCTGCAGCTGCACACTGCTCTGA
Enzyme 19 GenBank Gene ID U10868 Link Image
Enzyme 19 GeneCard ID ALDH3B1 Link Image
Enzyme 19 GenAtlas ID ALDH3B1 Link Image
Enzyme 19 HGNC ID HGNC:410 Link Image
Enzyme 19 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 19 Locus 11q13
Enzyme 19 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 19 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Yoshida A: Cloning of a cDNA encoding human ALDH7, a new member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. Gene. 1994 Dec 30;151(1-2):285-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Marchitti SA, Orlicky DJ, Vasiliou V: Expression and initial characterization of human ALDH3B1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 May 11;356(3):792-8. Epub 2007 Mar 15. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 19 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 20 [top]
Enzyme 20 ID 5824
Enzyme 20 Name Acylphosphatase-2
Enzyme 20 Synonyms
  1. Acylphosphatase, muscle type isozyme
  2. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 2
Enzyme 20 Gene Name ACYP2
Enzyme 20 Protein Sequence >Acylphosphatase-2
MSTAQSLKSVDYEVFGRVQGVCFRMYTEDEARKIGVVGWVKNTSKGTVTGQVQGPEDKVN
SMKSWLSKVGSPSSRIDRTNFSNEKTISKLEYSNFSIRY
Enzyme 20 Number of Residues 99
Enzyme 20 Molecular Weight 11139.5
Enzyme 20 Theoretical pI 10.01
Enzyme 20 GO Classification
Function
  • acylphosphatase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides
Process
Component
Enzyme 20 General Function Involved in acylphosphatase activity
Enzyme 20 Specific Function Its physiological role is not yet clear
Enzyme 20 Pathways
Enzyme 20 Reactions
  • an acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate [RN:R00539]
Enzyme 20 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 20 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 20 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 20 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 20 GenBank ID Protein 15341747 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P14621 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACYP2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 20 PDB ID 1APS Link Image
Enzyme 20 PDB File Show
Enzyme 20 3D Structure
Enzyme 20 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 20 Gene Sequence >300 bp
ATGTCTACCGCCCAGTCACTCAAATCCGTGGACTACGAGGTGTTCGGAAGAGTGCAGGGT
GTTTGCTTCAGAATGTATACAGAAGATGAAGCTAGGAAAATAGGAGTGGTTGGCTGGGTG
AAGAATACCAGCAAAGGCACCGTGACAGGCCAAGTGCAGGGGCCAGAAGACAAAGTCAAT
TCCATGAAGTCCTGGCTGAGCAAGGTTGGAAGCCCTAGTTCTCGCATTGACCGCACAAAC
TTTTCTAATGAAAAAACCATCTCTAAGCTTGAATACTCTAATTTTAGTATTAGATACTAA
Enzyme 20 GenBank Gene ID BC012290 Link Image
Enzyme 20 GeneCard ID ACYP2 Link Image
Enzyme 20 GenAtlas ID ACYP2 Link Image
Enzyme 20 HGNC ID HGNC:180 Link Image
Enzyme 20 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 20 Locus 2p16.2
Enzyme 20 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 20 General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Manao G, Camici G, Modesti A, Liguri G, Berti A, Stefani M, Cappugi G, Ramponi G: Human skeletal muscle acylphosphatase: the primary structure. Mol Biol Med. 1984 Dec;2(6):369-78. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chiarugi P, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Fiaschi T, Ciccarelli C, Berti A, Ramponi G: Differential modulation of expression of the two acylphosphatase isoenzymes by thyroid hormone. Biochem J. 1995 Oct 15;311 ( Pt 2):567-73. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 20 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 21 [top]
Enzyme 21 ID 5825
Enzyme 21 Name Acylphosphatase-1
Enzyme 21 Synonyms
  1. Acylphosphatase, erythrocyte isozyme
  2. Acylphosphatase, organ-common type isozyme
  3. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 1
Enzyme 21 Gene Name ACYP1
Enzyme 21 Protein Sequence >Acylphosphatase-1
MAEGNTLISVDYEIFGKVQGVFFRKHTQAEGKKLGLVGWVQNTDRGTVQGQLQGPISKVR
HMQEWLETRGSPKSHIDKANFNNEKVILKLDYSDFQIVK
Enzyme 21 Number of Residues 99
Enzyme 21 Molecular Weight 11260.8
Enzyme 21 Theoretical pI 9.94
Enzyme 21 GO Classification
Function
  • acylphosphatase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides
Process
Component
Enzyme 21 General Function Involved in acylphosphatase activity
Enzyme 21 Specific Function Its physiological role is not yet clear
Enzyme 21 Pathways
Enzyme 21 Reactions
  • an acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate [RN:R00539]
Enzyme 21 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 21 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 21 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 21 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 21 GenBank ID Protein 4885693 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P07311 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACYP1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 21 PDB ID 2ACY Link Image
Enzyme 21 PDB File Show
Enzyme 21 3D Structure
Enzyme 21 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 21 Gene Sequence >300 bp
ATGGCAGAAGGAAACACCCTGATATCAGTGGATTATGAAATTTTTGGGAAGGTGCAAGGG
GTGTTTTTCCGTAAGCATACTCAGGCTGAGGGTAAAAAGCTGGGATTGGTAGGCTGGGTC
CAGAACACTGACCGGGGCACAGTGCAAGGACAATTGCAAGGTCCCATCTCCAAGGTGCGT
CATATGCAGGAATGGCTTGAAACAAGAGGAAGTCCTAAATCACACATCGACAAAGCAAAC
TTCAACAATGAAAAAGTCATCTTGAAGTTGGATTACTCAGACTTCCAAATTGTAAAATAA
Enzyme 21 GenBank Gene ID AC007055 Link Image
Enzyme 21 GeneCard ID ACYP1 Link Image
Enzyme 21 GenAtlas ID ACYP1 Link Image
Enzyme 21 HGNC ID HGNC:179 Link Image
Enzyme 21 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 21 Locus 14q24.3
Enzyme 21 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 21 General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Heilig R, Eckenberg R, Petit JL, Fonknechten N, Da Silva C, Cattolico L, Levy M, Barbe V, de Berardinis V, Ureta-Vidal A, Pelletier E, Vico V, Anthouard V, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Sun H, Du H, Pepin K, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Cruaud C, Bruls T, Jaillon O, Friedlander L, Samson G, Brottier P, Cure S, Segurens B, Aniere F, Samain S, Crespeau H, Abbasi N, Aiach N, Boscus D, Dickhoff R, Dors M, Dubois I, Friedman C, Gouyvenoux M, James R, Madan A, Mairey-Estrada B, Mangenot S, Martins N, Menard M, Oztas S, Ratcliffe A, Shaffer T, Trask B, Vacherie B, Bellemere C, Belser C, Besnard-Gonnet M, Bartol-Mavel D, Boutard M, Briez-Silla S, Combette S, Dufosse-Laurent V, Ferron C, Lechaplais C, Louesse C, Muselet D, Magdelenat G, Pateau E, Petit E, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Trybou A, Vega-Czarny N, Bataille E, Bluet E, Bordelais I, Dubois M, Dumont C, Guerin T, Haffray S, Hammadi R, Muanga J, Pellouin V, Robert D, Wunderle E, Gauguet G, Roy A, Sainte-Marthe L, Verdier J, Verdier-Discala C, Hillier L, Fulton L, McPherson J, Matsuda F, Wilson R, Scarpelli C, Gyapay G, Wincker P, Saurin W, Quetier F, Waterston R, Hood L, Weissenbach J: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. 2003 Feb 6;421(6923):601-7. Epub 2003 Jan 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Liguri G, Camici G, Manao G, Cappugi G, Nassi P, Modesti A, Ramponi G: A new acylphosphatase isoenzyme from human erythrocytes: purification, characterization, and primary structure. Biochemistry. 1986 Dec 2;25(24):8089-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Fiaschi T, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Chiarugi P, Cirri P, Ramponi G: Cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for the erythrocyte isoenzyme of human acylphosphatase. FEBS Lett. 1995 Jun 26;367(2):145-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Yeung RC, Lam SY, Wong KB: Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human common-type acylphosphatase. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2006 Jan 1;62(Pt 1):80-2. Epub 2005 Dec 23. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Gribenko AV, Patel MM, Liu J, McCallum SA, Wang C, Makhatadze GI: Rational stabilization of enzymes by computational redesign of surface charge-charge interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 24;106(8):2601-6. Epub 2009 Feb 5. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 21 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 22 [top]
Enzyme 22 ID 5826
Enzyme 22 Name Aminoacylase-1
Enzyme 22 Synonyms
  1. ACY-1
  2. N-acyl-L-amino-acid amidohydrolase
Enzyme 22 Gene Name ACY1
Enzyme 22 Protein Sequence >Aminoacylase-1
MTSKGPEEEHPSVTLFRQYLRIRTVQPKPDYGAAVAFFEETARQLGLGCQKVEVAPGYVV
TVLTWPGTNPTLSSILLNSHTDVVPVFKEHWSHDPFEAFKDSEGYIYARGAQDMKCVSIQ
YLEAVRRLKVEGHRFPRTIHMTFVPDEEVGGHQGMELFVQRPEFHALRAGFALDEGIANP
TDAFTVFYSERSPWWVRVTSTGRPGHASRFMEDTAAEKLHKVVNSILAFREKEWQRLQSN
PHLKEGSVTSVNLTKLEGGVAYNVIPATMSASFDFRVAPDVDFKAFEEQLQSWCQAAGEG
VTLEFAQKWMHPQVTPTDDSNPWWAAFSRVCKDMNLTLEPEIMPAATDNRYIRAVGVPAL
GFSPMNRTPVLLHDHDERLHEAVFLRGVDIYTRLLPALASVPALPSDS
Enzyme 22 Number of Residues 408
Enzyme 22 Molecular Weight 45884.7
Enzyme 22 Theoretical pI 6.12
Enzyme 22 GO Classification
Function
  • aminoacylase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides
  • metallopeptidase activity
  • peptidase activity
  • peptidase activity, acting on L-amino acid peptides
  • protein binding
Process
  • cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
  • cellular amino acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • macromolecule metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • protein metabolic process
  • proteolysis
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 22 General Function Involved in metallopeptidase activity
Enzyme 22 Specific Function Involved in the hydrolysis of N-acylated or N-acetylated amino acids (except L-aspartate)
Enzyme 22 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 22 Reactions
  • an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid [RN:R01263]
Enzyme 22 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 22 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 22 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 22 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 22 GenBank ID Protein 178071 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q03154 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACY1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 22 PDB ID 1Q7L Link Image
Enzyme 22 PDB File Show
Enzyme 22 3D Structure
Enzyme 22 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 22 Gene Sequence >1227 bp
ATGACCAGCAAGGGTCCCGAGGAGGAGCACCCATCGGTGACGCTCTTCCGCCAGTACCTG
CGTATCCGCACTGTCCAGCCCAAGCCTGACTATGGAGCTGCTGTGGCTTTCTTTGAGGAG
ACAGCCCGCCAGCTGGGCCTGGGCTGTCAGAAAGTAGAGGTGGCACCTGGCTATGTGGTG
ACCGTGTTGACCTGGCCAGGCACCAACCCTACACTCTCCTCCATCTTGCTCAACTCCCAC
ACGGATGTGGTGCCTGTCTTCAAGGAACATTGGAGTCACGACCCCTTTGAGGCCTTCAAG
GATTCTGAGGGCTACATCTATGCCAGGGGTGCCCAGGACATGAAGTGCGTCAGCATCCAG
TACCTGGAAGCTGTGAGGAGGCTGAAGGTGGAGGGCCACCGGTTCCCCAGAACCATCCAC
ATGACCTTTGTGCCTGATGAGGAGGTTGGGGGTCACCAAGGCATGGAGCTGTTCGTGCAG
CGGCCTGAGTTCCACGCCCTGAGGGCAGGCTTTGCCCTGGATGAGGGCATAGCCAATCCC
ACTGATGCCTTCACTGTCTTTTATAGTGAGCGGAGTCCCTGGTGGGTGCGGGTTACCAGC
ACTGGGAGGCCAGGCCATGCCTCACGCTTCATGGAGGACACAGCAGCAGAGAAGCTGCAC
AAGGTTGTAAACTCCATCCTGGCATTCCGGGAGAAGGAATGGCAGAGGCTGCAGTCAAAC
CCCCACCTGAAAGAGGGGTCCGTGACCTCCGTGAACCTGACTAAGCTAGAGGGTGGCGTG
GCCTATAACGTGATACCTGCCACCATGAGCGCCAGCTTTGACTTCCGTGTGGCACCGGAT
GTGGACTTCAAGGCTTTTGAGGAGCAGCTGCAGAGCTGGTGCCAGGCAGCTGGCGAGGGG
GTCACCCTAGAGTTTGCTCAGAAGTGGATGCACCCCCAAGTGACACCTACTGATGACTCA
AACCCTTGGTGGGCAGCTTTTAGCCGGGTCTGCAAGGATATGAACCTCACTCTGGAGCCT
GAGATCATGCCTGCTGCCACTGACAACCGCTATATCCGCGCGGTGGGGGTCCCAGCTCTA
GGCTTCTCACCCATGAACCGCACACCTGTGCTGCTGCACGACCACGATGAACGGCTGCAT
GAGGCTGTGTTCCTCCGTGGGGTGGACATATATACACGCCTGCTGCCTGCCCTTGCCAGT
GTGCCTGCCCTGCCCAGTGACAGCTGA
Enzyme 22 GenBank Gene ID L07548 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GeneCard ID ACY1 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GenAtlas ID ACY1 Link Image
Enzyme 22 HGNC ID HGNC:177 Link Image
Enzyme 22 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 22 Locus 3p21.1
Enzyme 22 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 22 General References
  1. Mitta M, Kato I, Tsunasawa S: The nucleotide sequence of human aminoacylase-1. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Aug 19;1174(2):201-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Cook RM, Burke BJ, Buchhagen DL, Minna JD, Miller YE: Human aminoacylase-1. Cloning, sequence, and expression analysis of a chromosome 3p21 gene inactivated in small cell lung cancer. J Biol Chem. 1993 Aug 15;268(23):17010-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Van Coster RN, Gerlo EA, Giardina TG, Engelke UF, Smet JE, De Praeter CM, Meersschaut VA, De Meirleir LJ, Seneca SH, Devreese B, Leroy JG, Herga S, Perrier JP, Wevers RA, Lissens W: Aminoacylase I deficiency: a novel inborn error of metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Dec 23;338(3):1322-6. Epub 2005 Nov 2. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sass JO, Mohr V, Olbrich H, Engelke U, Horvath J, Fliegauf M, Loges NT, Schweitzer-Krantz S, Moebus R, Weiler P, Kispert A, Superti-Furga A, Wevers RA, Omran H: Mutations in ACY1, the gene encoding aminoacylase 1, cause a novel inborn error of metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 2006 Mar;78(3):401-9. Epub 2006 Jan 18. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Sass JO, Olbrich H, Mohr V, Hart C, Woldseth B, Krywawych S, Bjurulf B, Lakhani PK, Buchdahl RM, Omran H: Neurological findings in aminoacylase 1 deficiency. Neurology. 2007 Jun 12;68(24):2151-3. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 22 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 23 [top]
Enzyme 23 ID 5827
Enzyme 23 Name Aspartoacylase
Enzyme 23 Synonyms
  1. Aminoacylase-2
  2. ACY-2
Enzyme 23 Gene Name ASPA
Enzyme 23 Protein Sequence >Aspartoacylase
MTSCHIAEEHIQKVAIFGGTHGNELTGVFLVKHWLENGAEIQRTGLEVKPFITNPRAVKK
CTRYIDCDLNRIFDLENLGKKMSEDLPYEVRRAQEINHLFGPKDSEDSYDIIFDLHNTTS
NMGCTLILEDSRNNFLIQMFHYIKTSLAPLPCYVYLIEHPSLKYATTRSIAKYPVGIEVG
PQPQGVLRADILDQMRKMIKHALDFIHHFNEGKEFPPCAIEVYKIIEKVDYPRDENGEIA
AIIHPNLQDQDWKPLHPGDPMFLTLDGKTIPLGGDCTVYPVFVNEAAYYEKKEAFAKTTK
LTLNAKSIRCCLH
Enzyme 23 Number of Residues 313
Enzyme 23 Molecular Weight 35734.8
Enzyme 23 Theoretical pI 6.51
Enzyme 23 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 23 General Function Involved in hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Enzyme 23 Specific Function Catalyzes the deacetylation of N-acetylaspartic acid (NAA) to produce acetate and L-aspartate. NAA occurs in high concentration in brain and its hydrolysis NAA plays a significant part in the maintenance of intact white matter. In other tissues it act as a scavenger of NAA from body fluids
Enzyme 23 Pathways
Enzyme 23 Reactions
  • N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate [RN:R00546]
Enzyme 23 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 23 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 23 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 23 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 23 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P45381 Link Image
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACY2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 23 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 23 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 23 Gene Sequence >942 bp
ATGACTTCTTGTCACATTGCTGAAGAACATATACAAAAGGTTGCTATCTTTGGAGGAACC
CATGGGAATGAGCTAACCGGAGTATTTCTGGTTAAGCATTGGCTAGAGAATGGCGCTGAG
ATTCAGAGAACAGGGCTGGAGGTAAAACCATTTATTACTAACCCCAGAGCAGTGAAGAAG
TGTACCAGATATATTGACTGTGACCTGAATCGCATTTTTGACCTTGAAAATCTTGGCAAA
AAAATGTCAGAAGATTTGCCATATGAAGTGAGAAGGGCTCAAGAAATAAATCATTTATTT
GGTCCAAAAGACAGTGAAGATTCCTATGACATTATTTTTGACCTTCACAACACCACCTCT
AACATGGGGTGCACTCTTATTCTTGAGGATTCCAGGAATAACTTTTTAATTCAGATGTTT
CATTACATTAAGACTTCTCTGGCTCCACTACCCTGCTACGTTTATCTGATTGAGCATCCT
TCCCTCAAATATGCGACCACTCGTTCCATAGCCAAGTATCCTGTGGGTATAGAAGTTGGT
CCTCAGCCTCAAGGGGTTCTGAGAGCTGATATCTTGGATCAAATGAGAAAAATGATTAAA
CATGCTCTTGATTTTATACATCATTTCAATGAAGGAAAAGAATTTCCTCCCTGCGCCATT
GAGGTCTATAAAATTATAGAGAAAGTTGATTACCCCCGGGATGAAAATGGAGAAATTGCT
GCTATCATCCATCCTAATCTGCAGGATCAAGACTGGAAACCACTGCATCCTGGGGATCCC
ATGTTTTTAACTCTTGATGGGAAGACGATCCCACTGGGCGGAGACTGTACCGTGTACCCC
GTGTTTGTGAATGAGGCCGCATATTACGAAAAGAAAGAAGCTTTTGCAAAGACAACTAAA
CTAACGCTCAATGCAAAAAGTATTCGCTGCTGTTTACATTAG
Enzyme 23 GenBank Gene ID S67156 Link Image
Enzyme 23 GeneCard ID ASPA Link Image
Enzyme 23 GenAtlas ID ASPA Link Image
Enzyme 23 HGNC ID HGNC:756 Link Image
Enzyme 23 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 23 Locus 17p13.3
Enzyme 23 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 23 General References
  1. Kaul R, Gao GP, Balamurugan K, Matalon R: Cloning of the human aspartoacylase cDNA and a common missense mutation in Canavan disease. Nat Genet. 1993 Oct;5(2):118-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Moore RA, Le Coq J, Faehnle CR, Viola RE: Purification and preliminary characterization of brain aspartoacylase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003 May 1;413(1):1-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Le Coq J, Pavlovsky A, Malik R, Sanishvili R, Xu C, Viola RE: Examination of the mechanism of human brain aspartoacylase through the binding of an intermediate analogue. Biochemistry. 2008 Mar 18;47(11):3484-92. Epub 2008 Feb 23. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Bitto E, Bingman CA, Wesenberg GE, McCoy JG, Phillips GN Jr: Structure of aspartoacylase, the brain enzyme impaired in Canavan disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 9;104(2):456-61. Epub 2006 Dec 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kaul R, Gao GP, Aloya M, Balamurugan K, Petrosky A, Michals K, Matalon R: Canavan disease: mutations among Jewish and non-jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jul;55(1):34-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Shaag A, Anikster Y, Christensen E, Glustein JZ, Fois A, Michelakakis H, Nigro F, Pronicka E, Ribes A, Zabot MT, et al.: The molecular basis of canavan (aspartoacylase deficiency) disease in European non-Jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Sep;57(3):572-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Kaul R, Gao GP, Michals K, Whelan DT, Levin S, Matalon R: Novel (cys152 > arg) missense mutation in an Arab patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(3):269-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Kaul R, Gao GP, Matalon R, Aloya M, Su Q, Jin M, Johnson AB, Schutgens RB, Clarke JT: Identification and expression of eight novel mutations among non-Jewish patients with Canavan disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Jul;59(1):95-102. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Kobayashi K, Tsujino S, Ezoe T, Hamaguchi H, Nihei K, Sakuragawa N: Missense mutation (I143T) in a Japanese patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S308-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Rady PL, Vargas T, Tyring SK, Matalon R, Langenbeck U: Novel missense mutation (Y231C) in a turkish patient with canavan disease. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Nov 26;87(3):273-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Elpeleg ON, Shaag A: The spectrum of mutations of the aspartoacylase gene in Canavan disease in non-Jewish patients. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1999 Jun;22(4):531-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Sistermans EA, de Coo RF, van Beerendonk HM, Poll-The BT, Kleijer WJ, van Oost BA: Mutation detection in the aspartoacylase gene in 17 patients with Canavan disease: four new mutations in the non-Jewish population. Eur J Hum Genet. 2000 Jul;8(7):557-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Zeng BJ, Wang ZH, Ribeiro LA, Leone P, De Gasperi R, Kim SJ, Raghavan S, Ong E, Pastores GM, Kolodny EH: Identification and characterization of novel mutations of the aspartoacylase gene in non-Jewish patients with Canavan disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Nov;25(7):557-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Olsen TR, Tranebjaerg L, Kvittingen EA, Hagenfeldt L, Moller C, Nilssen O: Two novel aspartoacylase gene (ASPA) missense mutations specific to Norwegian and Swedish patients with Canavan disease. J Med Genet. 2002 Sep;39(9):e55. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 23 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 24 [top]
Enzyme 24 ID 5828
Enzyme 24 Name Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha
Enzyme 24 Synonyms
  1. Lissencephaly-1 protein
  2. LIS-1
  3. PAF acetylhydrolase 45 kDa subunit
  4. PAF-AH 45 kDa subunit
  5. PAF-AH alpha
  6. PAFAH alpha
Enzyme 24 Gene Name PAFAH1B1
Enzyme 24 Protein Sequence >Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha
MVLSQRQRDELNRAIADYLRSNGYEEAYSVFKKEAELDVNEELDKKYAGLLEKKWTSVIR
LQKKVMELESKLNEAKEEFTSGGPLGQKRDPKEWIPRPPEKYALSGHRSPVTRVIFHPVF
SVMVSASEDATIKVWDYETGDFERTLKGHTDSVQDISFDHSGKLLASCSADMTIKLWDFQ
GFECIRTMHGHDHNVSSVAIMPNGDHIVSASRDKTIKMWEVQTGYCVKTFTGHREWVRMV
RPNQDGTLIASCSNDQTVRVWVVATKECKAELREHEHVVECISWAPESSYSSISEATGSE
TKKSGKPGPFLLSGSRDKTIKMWDVSTGMCLMTLVGHDNWVRGVLFHSGGKFILSCADDK
TLRVWDYKNKRCMKTLNAHEHFVTSLDFHKTAPYVVTGSVDQTVKVWECR
Enzyme 24 Number of Residues 410
Enzyme 24 Molecular Weight 46637.7
Enzyme 24 Theoretical pI 7.40
Enzyme 24 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 24 General Function Involved in dynactin binding
Enzyme 24 Specific Function Required for proper activation of Rho GTPases and actin polymerization at the leading edge of locomoting cerebellar neurons and postmigratory hippocampal neurons in response to calcium influx triggered via NMDA receptors. Non-catalytic subunit of an acetylhydrolase complex which inactivates platelet- activating factor (PAF) by removing the acetyl group at the SN-2 position. Positively regulates the activity of the minus-end directed microtubule motor protein dynein. May enhance dynein-mediated microtubule sliding by targeting dynein to the microtubule plus end. Required for several dynein- and microtubule-dependent processes such as the maintenance of Golgi integrity, the peripheral transport of microtubule fragments and the coupling of the nucleus and centrosome. Required during brain development for the proliferation of neuronal precursors and the migration of newly formed neurons from the ventricular/subventricular zone toward the cortical plate. Neuronal migration involves a process called nucleokinesis, whereby migrating cells extend an anterior process into which the nucleus subsequently translocates. During nucleokinesis dynein at the nuclear surface may translocate the nucleus towards the centrosome by exerting force on centrosomal microtubules. May also play a role in other forms of cell locomotion including the migration of fibroblasts during wound healing
Enzyme 24 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 24 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 24 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 24 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 24 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 24 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 24 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P43034 Link Image
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIS1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 24 PDB ID 1UUJ Link Image
Enzyme 24 PDB File Show
Enzyme 24 3D Structure
Enzyme 24 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 24 Gene Sequence >1233 bp
ATGGTGCTGTCCCAGAGACAACGAGATGAACTAAATCGAGCTATAGCAGATTATCTTCGT
TCAAATGGCTATGAAGAGGCATATTCAGTTTTTAAAAAGGAAGCTGAATTAGATGTGAAT
GAAGAATTAGATAAAAAGTATGCTGGTCTTTTGGAAAAAAAATGGACATCTGTTATTAGA
TTACAAAAGAAGGTTATGGAATTAGAATCAAAGCTAAATGAAGCAAAAGAAGAATTTACG
TCAGGTGGACCTCTTGGTCAGAAACGAGACCCAAAAGAATGGATTCCCCGTCCGCCAGAA
AAATATGCATTGAGTGGTCACAGGAGTCCAGTCACTCGAGTCATTTTCCATCCTGTGTTC
AGTGTTATGGTCTCTGCTTCAGAGGATGCTACAATTAAGGTGTGGGATTATGAGACTGGA
GATTTTGAACGAACTCTTAAAGGACATACAGACTCTGTACAGGACATTTCATTCGACCAC
AGCGGCAAGCTTCTGGCTTCCTGTTCTGCAGATATGACCATTAAACTATGGGATTTTCAG
GGCTTTGAATGCATCAGAACCATGCACGGCCATGACCACAATGTTTCTTCAGTAGCCATC
ATGCCCAATGGAGATCATATAGTGTCTGCCTCAAGGGATAAAACTATAAAAATGTGGGAA
GTGCAAACTGGCTACTGTGTGAAGACATTCACAGGACACAGAGAATGGGTACGTATGGTA
CGGCCAAATCAAGATGGCACTCTGATAGCCAGCTGTTCCAATGACCAGACTGTGCGTGTA
TGGGTCGTAGCAACAAAGGAATGCAAGGCTGAGCTCCGAGAGCATGAGCATGTGGTAGAA
TGCATTTCCTGGGCTCCAGAAAGCTCATATTCCTCCATCTCTGAAGCAACAGGATCTGAG
ACTAAAAAAAGTGGTAAACCTGGGCCATTCTTGCTGTCTGGATCCAGAGACAAGACTATT
AAGATGTGGGATGTCAGTACTGGCATGTGCCTTATGACCCTCGTGGGTCATGATAACTGG
GTACGTGGAGTTCTGTTCCATTCTGGGGGGAAGTTTATTTTGAGTTGTGCTGATGACAAG
ACCCTACGCGTATGGGATTACAAGAACAAGCGATGCATGAAGACCCTCAATGCGCATGAA
CACTTTGTTACCTCCTTGGATTTCCACAAGACGGCACCCTATGTCGTCACTGGCAGCGTA
GATCAAACAGTAAAAGTGTGGGAGTGCCGTTGA
Enzyme 24 GenBank Gene ID L13385 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GeneCard ID PAFAH1B1 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GenAtlas ID PAFAH1B1 Link Image
Enzyme 24 HGNC ID HGNC:8574 Link Image
Enzyme 24 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 24 Locus 17p13.3
Enzyme 24 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 24 General References
  1. Reiner O, Carrozzo R, Shen Y, Wehnert M, Faustinella F, Dobyns WB, Caskey CT, Ledbetter DH: Isolation of a Miller-Dieker lissencephaly gene containing G protein beta-subunit-like repeats. Nature. 1993 Aug 19;364(6439):717-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Lo Nigro C, Chong CS, Smith AC, Dobyns WB, Carrozzo R, Ledbetter DH: Point mutations and an intragenic deletion in LIS1, the lissencephaly causative gene in isolated lissencephaly sequence and Miller-Dieker syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 1997 Feb;6(2):157-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Caspi M, Atlas R, Kantor A, Sapir T, Reiner O: Interaction between LIS1 and doublecortin, two lissencephaly gene products. Hum Mol Genet. 2000 Sep 22;9(15):2205-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Feng Y, Olson EC, Stukenberg PT, Flanagan LA, Kirschner MW, Walsh CA: LIS1 regulates CNS lamination by interacting with mNudE, a central component of the centrosome. Neuron. 2000 Dec;28(3):665-79. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Tai CY, Dujardin DL, Faulkner NE, Vallee RB: Role of dynein, dynactin, and CLIP-170 interactions in LIS1 kinetochore function. J Cell Biol. 2002 Mar 18;156(6):959-68. Epub 2002 Mar 11. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Coquelle FM, Caspi M, Cordelieres FP, Dompierre JP, Dujardin DL, Koifman C, Martin P, Hoogenraad CC, Akhmanova A, Galjart N, De Mey JR, Reiner O: LIS1, CLIP-170's key to the dynein/dynactin pathway. Mol Cell Biol. 2002 May;22(9):3089-102. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Yan X, Li F, Liang Y, Shen Y, Zhao X, Huang Q, Zhu X: Human Nudel and NudE as regulators of cytoplasmic dynein in poleward protein transport along the mitotic spindle. Mol Cell Biol. 2003 Feb;23(4):1239-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Liang Y, Yu W, Li Y, Yang Z, Yan X, Huang Q, Zhu X: Nudel functions in membrane traffic mainly through association with Lis1 and cytoplasmic dynein. J Cell Biol. 2004 Feb 16;164(4):557-66. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Tanaka T, Serneo FF, Higgins C, Gambello MJ, Wynshaw-Boris A, Gleeson JG: Lis1 and doublecortin function with dynein to mediate coupling of the nucleus to the centrosome in neuronal migration. J Cell Biol. 2004 Jun 7;165(5):709-21. Epub 2004 Jun 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Brandon NJ, Handford EJ, Schurov I, Rain JC, Pelling M, Duran-Jimeniz B, Camargo LM, Oliver KR, Beher D, Shearman MS, Whiting PJ: Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 and Nudel form a neurodevelopmentally regulated protein complex: implications for schizophrenia and other major neurological disorders. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2004 Jan;25(1):42-55. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Tang LY, Deng N, Wang LS, Dai J, Wang ZL, Jiang XS, Li SJ, Li L, Sheng QH, Wu DQ, Li L, Zeng R: Quantitative phosphoproteome profiling of Wnt3a-mediated signaling network: indicating the involvement of ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase M2 subunit phosphorylation at residue serine 20 in canonical Wnt signal transduction. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2007 Nov;6(11):1952-67. Epub 2007 Aug 12. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Pilz DT, Kuc J, Matsumoto N, Bodurtha J, Bernadi B, Tassinari CA, Dobyns WB, Ledbetter DH: Subcortical band heterotopia in rare affected males can be caused by missense mutations in DCX (XLIS) or LIS1. Hum Mol Genet. 1999 Sep;8(9):1757-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Leventer RJ, Cardoso C, Ledbetter DH, Dobyns WB: LIS1 missense mutations cause milder lissencephaly phenotypes including a child with normal IQ. Neurology. 2001 Aug 14;57(3):416-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Sicca F, Kelemen A, Genton P, Das S, Mei D, Moro F, Dobyns WB, Guerrini R: Mosaic mutations of the LIS1 gene cause subcortical band heterotopia. Neurology. 2003 Oct 28;61(8):1042-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Torres FR, Montenegro MA, Marques-De-Faria AP, Guerreiro MM, Cendes F, Lopes-Cendes I: Mutation screening in a cohort of patients with lissencephaly and subcortical band heterotopia. Neurology. 2004 Mar 9;62(5):799-802. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 24 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 25 [top]
Enzyme 25 ID 5829
Enzyme 25 Name N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol de-N-acetylase
Enzyme 25 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis class L protein
  2. PIG-L
Enzyme 25 Gene Name PIGL
Enzyme 25 Protein Sequence >N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol de-N-acetylase
MEAMWLLCVALAVLAWGFLWVWDSSERMKSREQGGRLGAESRTLLVIAHPDDEAMFFAPT
VLGLARLRHWVYLLCFSAGNYYNQGETRKKELLQSCDVLGIPLSSVMIIDNRDFPDDPGM
QWDTEHVARVLLQHIEVNGINLVVTFDAGGVSGHSNHIALYAAVRALHSEGKLPKGCSVL
TLQSVNVLRKYISLLDLPLSLLHTQDVLFVLNSKEVAQAKKAMSCHRSQLLWFRRLYIIF
SRYMRINSLSFL
Enzyme 25 Number of Residues 252
Enzyme 25 Molecular Weight 28531.0
Enzyme 25 Theoretical pI 8.23
Enzyme 25 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 25 General Function Involved in N-acetylglucosaminylphosphatidylinositol de
Enzyme 25 Specific Function Involved in the second step of GPI biosynthesis. De-N- acetylation of N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol
Enzyme 25 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 25 Reactions
  • 6-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + H2O = 6-(alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + acetate [RN:R03482 R05917]
Enzyme 25 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 25 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 25 Transmembrane Regions
  • 2-22
Enzyme 25 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 25 GenBank ID Protein 4239986 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9Y2B2 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PIGL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 25 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 25 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 25 Gene Sequence >759 bp
ATGGAAGCAATGTGGCTCCTGTGTGTGGCGTTGGCGGTCTTGGCATGGGGCTTCCTCTGG
GTTTGGGACTCCTCAGAACGAATGAAGAGTCGGGAGCAGGGAGGACGGCTGGGAGCCGAA
AGCCGGACCCTGCTGGTCATAGCGCACCCTGACGATGAAGCCATGTTTTTTGCTCCCACA
GTGCTAGGCTTGGCCCGCCTAAGGCACTGGGTGTACCTGCTTTGCTTCTCTGCAGGAAAT
TACTACAATCAAGGAGAGACTCGTAAGAAAGAACTTTTGCAGAGCTGTGATGTTTTGGGG
ATTCCACTCTCCAGTGTAATGATTATTGACAACAGGGATTTCCCAGATGACCCAGGCATG
CAGTGGGACACAGAGCACGTGGCCAGAGTCCTCCTTCAGCACATAGAAGTGAATGGCATC
AATCTGGTGGTGACTTTCGATGCAGGGGGAGTAAGTGGCCACAGCAATCACATTGCTCTG
TATGCAGCTGTGAGGGCCCTGCACTCAGAAGGGAAGTTACCTAAAGGGTGCTCTGTGCTC
ACGCTTCAGTCTGTGAATGTGCTGCGCAAGTACATCTCCCTTCTGGATCTGCCCTTGTCT
CTGCTTCATACGCAGGATGTCCTCTTCGTGCTCAACAGCAAAGAAGTGGCACAGGCCAAG
AAAGCCATGTCCTGCCACCGCAGCCAGCTCCTCTGGTTCCGCCGCCTCTACATTATCTTC
TCCCGGTACATGAGAATCAACTCACTGAGCTTCCTCTGA
Enzyme 25 GenBank Gene ID AB017165 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GeneCard ID PIGL Link Image
Enzyme 25 GenAtlas ID PIGL Link Image
Enzyme 25 HGNC ID HGNC:8966 Link Image
Enzyme 25 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 25 Locus 17p12-p11.2
Enzyme 25 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 25 General References
  1. Watanabe R, Ohishi K, Maeda Y, Nakamura N, Kinoshita T: Mammalian PIG-L and its yeast homologue Gpi12p are N-acetylglucosaminylphosphatidylinositol de-N-acetylases essential in glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis. Biochem J. 1999 Apr 1;339 ( Pt 1):185-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 25 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 26 [top]
Enzyme 26 ID 5830
Enzyme 26 Name Aspartoacylase-2
Enzyme 26 Synonyms
  1. Acylase III
  2. Aminoacylase-3
  3. ACY-3
  4. Hepatitis C virus core-binding protein 1
  5. HCBP1
Enzyme 26 Gene Name ACY3
Enzyme 26 Protein Sequence >Aspartoacylase-2
MCSLPVPREPLRRVAVTGGTHGNEMSGVYLARHWLHAPAELQRASFSAVPVLANPAATSG
CRRYVDHDLNRTFTSSFLNSRPTPDDPYEVTRARELNQLLGPKASGQAFDFVLDLHNTTA
NMGTCLIAKSSHEVFAMHLCRHLQLQYPELSCQVFLYQRSGEESYNLDSVAKNGLGLELG
PQPQGVLRADIFSRMRTLVATVLDFIELFNQGTAFPAFEMEAYRPVGVVDFPRTEAGHLA
GTVHPQLQDRDFQPLQPGAPIFQMFSGEDLLYEGESTVYPVFINEAAYYEKGVAFVQTEK
FTFTVPAMPALTPAPSPAS
Enzyme 26 Number of Residues 319
Enzyme 26 Molecular Weight 35240.7
Enzyme 26 Theoretical pI 5.77
Enzyme 26 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 26 General Function Involved in hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Enzyme 26 Specific Function Plays an important role in deacetylating mercapturic acids in kidney proximal tubules
Enzyme 26 Pathways
Enzyme 26 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 26 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 26 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 26 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 26 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 26 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96HD9 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACY3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 26 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 26 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 26 Gene Sequence >960 bp
ATGTGCTCACTGCCTGTGCCCCGGGAGCCCCTGCGTCGCGTGGCTGTGACTGGGGGCACG
CATGGCAACGAGATGTCGGGCGTCTACCTGGCCCGGCACTGGCTGCATGCCCCCGCAGAG
CTGCAGAGAGCCAGCTTCTCCGCTGTGCCTGTGCTGGCCAACCCGGCAGCCACATCCGGC
TGCCGCCGCTACGTGGACCATGACCTCAACCGCACCTTCACCAGCAGCTTCCTCAATTCC
AGGCCCACCCCGGACGACCCATATGAGGTGACAAGAGCCCGAGAGCTGAACCAGCTGCTG
GGGCCCAAGGCCTCGGGCCAGGCCTTTGACTTTGTCCTTGACCTGCACAACACCACGGCC
AACATGGGCACCTGCTTAATCGCGAAGTCCTCCCACGAAGTCTTTGCCATGCACCTGTGC
CGCCATCTGCAGCTGCAGTACCCCGAGCTGTCCTGCCAGGTCTTCCTGTACCAGCGGTCT
GGGGAGGAGAGCTACAACCTGGACTCTGTGGCCAAAAATGGACTGGGTCTGGAGCTGGGC
CCCCAGCCACAGGGTGTGCTGCGGGCTGACATTTTCTCAAGGATGAGGACCCTGGTGGCC
ACAGTTCTGGACTTCATCGAACTCTTCAACCAGGGTACGGCCTTTCCTGCCTTTGAGATG
GAAGCCTATAGACCCGTGGGCGTCGTGGACTTCCCCCGCACCGAGGCCGGGCACCTGGCA
GGCACTGTGCATCCTCAGCTGCAGGACCGAGACTTCCAGCCACTGCAGCCTGGTGCTCCC
ATCTTCCAGATGTTCAGTGGGGAGGACCTGCTCTATGAGGGAGAGTCCACGGTGTACCCC
GTGTTCATTAACGAGGCTGCCTACTATGAGAAGGGCGTTGCCTTTGTCCAGACTGAGAAG
TTCACATTCACCGTGCCTGCCATGCCCGCGCTGACCCCTGCCCCGAGCCCAGCTTCCTAA
Enzyme 26 GenBank Gene ID AY040761 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GeneCard ID ACY3 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GenAtlas ID ACY3 Link Image
Enzyme 26 HGNC ID HGNC:24104 Link Image
Enzyme 26 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 26 Locus 11q13.2
Enzyme 26 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 26 General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Chen YR, Chen TY, Zhang SL, Lin SM, Zhao YR, Ye F, Zhang X, Shi L, Dang SS, Liu M: Identification of a novel protein binding to hepatitis C virus core protein. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Jul;24(7):1300-4. Epub 2009 Apr 13. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 26 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 27 [top]
Enzyme 27 ID 6332
Enzyme 27 Name Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase
Enzyme 27 Synonyms
  1. CYPXVII
  2. Cytochrome P450 17A1
  3. Cytochrome P450-C17
  4. Cytochrome P450c17
  5. Steroid 17-alpha-monooxygenase
Enzyme 27 Gene Name CYP17A1
Enzyme 27 Protein Sequence >Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase
MWELVALLLLTLAYLFWPKRRCPGAKYPKSLLSLPLVGSLPFLPRHGHMHNNFFKLQKKY
GPIYSVRMGTKTTVIVGHHQLAKEVLIKKGKDFSGRPQMATLDIASNNRKGIAFADSGAH
WQLHRRLAMATFALFKDGDQKLEKIICQEISTLCDMLATHNGQSIDISFPVFVAVTNVIS
LICFNTSYKNGDPELNVIQNYNEGIIDNLSKDSLVDLVPWLKIFPNKTLEKLKSHVKIRN
DLLNKILENYKEKFRSDSITNMLDTLMQAKMNSDNGNAGPDQDSELLSDNHILTTIGDIF
GAGVETTTSVVKWTLAFLLHNPQVKKKLYEEIDQNVGFSRTPTISDRNRLLLLEATIREV
LRLRPVAPMLIPHKANVDSSIGEFAVDKGTEVIINLWALHHNEKEWHQPDQFMPERFLNP
AGTQLISPSVSYLPFGAGPRSCIGEILARQELFLIMAWLLQRFDLEVPDDGQLPSLEGIP
KVVFLIDSFKVKIKVRQAWREAQAEGST
Enzyme 27 Number of Residues 508
Enzyme 27 Molecular Weight 57370.0
Enzyme 27 Theoretical pI 8.87
Enzyme 27 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 27 General Function Involved in monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 27 Specific Function Conversion of pregnenolone and progesterone to their 17- alpha-hydroxylated products and subsequently to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione. Catalyzes both the 17-alpha-hydroxylation and the 17,20-lyase reaction. Involved in sexual development during fetal life and at puberty
Enzyme 27 Pathways
Enzyme 27 Reactions
  • a steroid + AH2 + O2 = a 17alpha-hydroxysteroid + A + H2O [RN:R02131]
Enzyme 27 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 27 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 27 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 27 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 27 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P05093 Link Image
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CP17A_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 27 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 27 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 27 Gene Sequence >1527 bp
ATGTGGGAGCTCGTGGCTCTCTTGCTGCTTACCCTAGCTTATTTGTTTTGGCCCAAGAGA
AGGTGCCCTGGTGCCAAGTACCCCAAGAGCCTCCTGTCCCTGCCCCTGGTGGGCAGCCTG
CCATTCCTCCCCAGACATGGCCATATGCATAACAACTTCTTCAAGCTGCAGAAAAAATAT
GGCCCCATCTATTCTGTTCGTATGGGCACCAAGACTACAGTGATTGTCGGCCACCACCAG
CTGGCCAAGGAGGTGCTTATTAAGAAGGGCAAGGACTTCTCTGGGCGGCCTCAAATGGCA
ACTCTAGACATCGCGTCCAACAACCGTAAGGGTATCGCCTTCGCTGACTCTGGCGCACAC
TGGCAGCTGCATCGAAGGCTGGCGATGGCCACCTTTGCCCTGTTCAAGGATGGCGATCAG
AAGCTGGAGAAGATCATTTGTCAGGAAATCAGTACATTGTGTGATATGCTGGCCACCCAC
AACGGACAGTCCATAGACATCTCCTTTCCTGTCTTCGTGGCGGTAACCAATGTCATCTCC
TTGATCTGCTTCAATACCTCCTACAAGAATGGGGACCCTGAGTTGAATGTCATACAGAAT
TACAATGAAGGCATCATAGACAACCTGAGCAAAGACAGCCTGGTGGACCTAGTCCCCTGG
TTGAAGATTTTCCCCAACAAAACCCTGGAAAAATTAAAGAGCCATGTTAAAATACGAAAT
GATCTGCTGAATAAAATACTTGAAAATTACAAGGAGAAATTCCGGAGTGACTCTATCACC
AACATGCTGGACACACTGATGCAAGCCAAGATGAACTCAGATAATGGCAATGCTGGCCCA
GATCAAGATTCAGAGCTGCTTTCAGATAACCACATTCTCACCACCATAGGGGACATCTTT
GGGGCTGGCGTGGAGACCACCACCTCTGTGGTTAAATGGACCCTGGCCTTCCTGCTGCAC
AATCCTCAGGTGAAGAAGAAGCTCTACGAGGAGATTGACCAGAATGTGGGTTTCAGCCGC
ACACCAACTATCAGTGACCGTAACCGTCTCCTCCTGCTGGAGGCCACCATCCGAGAGGTG
CTTCGCCTCAGGCCCGTGGCCCCTATGCTCATCCCCCACAAGGCCAACGTTGACTCCAGC
ATCGGTGAGTTTGCTGTGGACAAGGGCACAGAAGTTATCATCAATCTGTGGGCGCTGCAT
CACAATGAGAAGGAGTGGCACCAGCCGGATCAGTTCATGCCTGAGCGTTTCTTGAATCCA
GCGGGGACCCAGCTCATCTCACCGTCAGTAAGCTATTTGCCCTTCGGAGCAGGACCTCGC
TCCTGTATAGGTGAGATCCTGGCCCGCCAGGAGCTCTTCCTCATCATGGCCTGGCTGCTG
CAGAGGTTCGACCTGGAGGTGCCAGATGATGGGCAGCTGCCCTCCCTGGAAGGCATCCCC
AAGGTGGTCTTTCTGATCGACTCTTTCAAAGTGAAGATCAAGGTGCGCCAGGCCTGGAGG
GAAGCCCAGGCTGAGGGTAGCACCTAA
Enzyme 27 GenBank Gene ID M14564 Link Image
Enzyme 27 GeneCard ID CYP17A1 Link Image
Enzyme 27 GenAtlas ID CYP17A1 Link Image
Enzyme 27 HGNC ID HGNC:2593 Link Image
Enzyme 27 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 27 Locus 10q24.3
Enzyme 27 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 27 General References
  1. Chung BC, Picado-Leonard J, Haniu M, Bienkowski M, Hall PF, Shively JE, Miller WL: Cytochrome P450c17 (steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase): cloning of human adrenal and testis cDNAs indicates the same gene is expressed in both tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jan;84(2):407-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Picado-Leonard J, Miller WL: Cloning and sequence of the human gene for P450c17 (steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase): similarity with the gene for P450c21. DNA. 1987 Oct;6(5):439-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Bradshaw KD, Waterman MR, Couch RT, Simpson ER, Zuber MX: Characterization of complementary deoxyribonucleic acid for human adrenocortical 17 alpha-hydroxylase: a probe for analysis of 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. Mol Endocrinol. 1987 May;1(5):348-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Brentano ST, Picado-Leonard J, Mellon SH, Moore CC, Miller WL: Tissue-specific, cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-induced, and phorbol ester-repressed transcription from the human P450c17 promoter in mouse cells. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Dec;4(12):1972-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kagimoto M, Winter JS, Kagimoto K, Simpson ER, Waterman MR: Structural characterization of normal and mutant human steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase genes: molecular basis of one example of combined 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase deficiency. Mol Endocrinol. 1988 Jun;2(6):564-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Auchus RJ, Miller WL: Molecular modeling of human P450c17 (17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase): insights into reaction mechanisms and effects of mutations. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Jul;13(7):1169-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Yanase T, Kagimoto M, Suzuki S, Hashiba K, Simpson ER, Waterman MR: Deletion of a phenylalanine in the N-terminal region of human cytochrome P-450(17 alpha) results in partial combined 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 25;264(30):18076-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Lin D, Harikrishna JA, Moore CC, Jones KL, Miller WL: Missense mutation serine106----proline causes 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 25;266(24):15992-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Yanase T, Waterman MR, Zachmann M, Winter JS, Simpson ER, Kagimoto M: Molecular basis of apparent isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency: compound heterozygous mutations in the C-terminal region (Arg(496)----Cys, Gln(461)----Stop) actually cause combined 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Aug 25;1139(4):275-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Ahlgren R, Yanase T, Simpson ER, Winter JS, Waterman MR: Compound heterozygous mutations (Arg 239----stop, Pro 342----Thr) in the CYP17 (P45017 alpha) gene lead to ambiguous external genitalia in a male patient with partial combined 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Mar;74(3):667-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Imai T, Globerman H, Gertner JM, Kagawa N, Waterman MR: Expression and purification of functional human 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P450c17) in Escherichia coli. Use of this system for study of a novel form of combined 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. J Biol Chem. 1993 Sep 15;268(26):19681-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Monno S, Ogawa H, Date T, Fujioka M, Miller WL, Kobayashi M: Mutation of histidine 373 to leucine in cytochrome P450c17 causes 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. J Biol Chem. 1993 Dec 5;268(34):25811-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Fardella CE, Zhang LH, Mahachoklertwattana P, Lin D, Miller WL: Deletion of amino acids Asp487-Ser488-Phe489 in human cytochrome P450c17 causes severe 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993 Aug;77(2):489-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Fardella CE, Hum DW, Homoki J, Miller WL: Point mutation of Arg440 to His in cytochrome P450c17 causes severe 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994 Jul;79(1):160-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Laflamme N, Leblanc JF, Mailloux J, Faure N, Labrie F, Simard J: Mutation R96W in cytochrome P450c17 gene causes combined 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17-20-lyase deficiency in two French Canadian patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Jan;81(1):264-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Biason-Lauber A, Kempken B, Werder E, Forest MG, Einaudi S, Ranke MB, Matsuo N, Brunelli V, Schonle EJ, Zachmann M: 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency as a model to study enzymatic activity regulation: role of phosphorylation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Mar;85(3):1226-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Gupta MK, Geller DH, Auchus RJ: Pitfalls in characterizing P450c17 mutations associated with isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Sep;86(9):4416-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Di Cerbo A, Biason-Lauber A, Savino M, Piemontese MR, Di Giorgio A, Perona M, Savoia A: Combined 17alpha-Hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency caused by Phe93Cys mutation in the CYP17 gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Feb;87(2):898-905. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Van Den Akker EL, Koper JW, Boehmer AL, Themmen AP, Verhoef-Post M, Timmerman MA, Otten BJ, Drop SL, De Jong FH: Differential inhibition of 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities by three novel missense CYP17 mutations identified in patients with P450c17 deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Dec;87(12):5714-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  22. Martin RM, Lin CJ, Costa EM, de Oliveira ML, Carrilho A, Villar H, Longui CA, Mendonca BB: P450c17 deficiency in Brazilian patients: biochemical diagnosis through progesterone levels confirmed by CYP17 genotyping. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Dec;88(12):5739-46. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 27 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 28 [top]
Enzyme 28 ID 9280
Enzyme 28 Name Putative N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase
Enzyme 28 Synonyms
  1. Amidohydrolase domain-containing protein 2
  2. GlcNAc 6-P deacetylase
Enzyme 28 Gene Name AMDHD2
Enzyme 28 Protein Sequence >Putative N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase
MRGEQGAAGARVLQFTNCRILRGGKLLREDLWVRGGRILDPEKLFFEERRVADERRDCGG
RILAPGFIDVQINGGFGVDFSQATEDVGSGVALVARRILSHGVTSFCPTLVTSPPEVYHK
VVPQIPVKSGGPHGAGVLGLHLEGPFISREKRGAHPEAHLRSFEADAFQDLLATYGPLDN
VRIVTLAPELGRSHEVIRALTARGICVSLGHSVADLRAAEDAVWSGATFITHLFNAMLPF
HHRDPGIVGLLTSDRLPAGRCIFYGMIADGTHTNPAALRIAHRAHPQGLVLVTDAIPALG
LGNGRHTLGQQEVEVDGLTAYVAGTKTLSGSIAPMDVCVRHFLQATGCSMESALEAASLH
PAQLLGLEKSKGTLDFGADADFVVLDDSLHVQATYISGELVWQADAARQ
Enzyme 28 Number of Residues 409
Enzyme 28 Molecular Weight 43747.5
Enzyme 28 Theoretical pI 6.69
Enzyme 28 GO Classification
Function
  • N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides
Process
  • N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process
  • alcohol metabolic process
  • amino sugar metabolic process
  • glucosamine metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • monosaccharide metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 28 General Function Involved in hydrolase activity
Enzyme 28 Specific Function N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H(2)O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate
Enzyme 28 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 28 Reactions
  • N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate [RN:R02059]
Enzyme 28 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 28 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 28 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 28 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 28 GenBank ID Protein 21361513 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9Y303 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NAGA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 28 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 28 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 28 Gene Sequence >1320 bp
ATGCGCGGCGAGCAGGGCGCGGCGGGGGCCCGCGTGCTCCAGTTCACTAACTGCCGGATC
CTGCGCGGAGGGAAACTGCTCAGGGAGGATCTGTGGGTGCGCGGAGGCCGCATCTTGGAC
CCAGAGAAGCTGTTCTTTGAGGAGCGGCGCGTGGCCGACGAGCGGCGGGACTGCGGGGGC
CGCATCTTGGCTCCCGGATTCATCGACGTGCAGATCAACGGTGGATTTGGTGTTGACTTC
TCTCAAGCCACGGAGGACGTGGGTTCGGGGGTTGCCCTCGTGGCCCGGAGGATCCTGTCG
CACGGCGTCACCTCCTTCTGCCCCACCCTGGTCACTTCCCCACCGGAGGTTTATCACAAG
GTTGTTCCTCAGATCCCTGTGAAGAGTGGTGGTCCCCATGGGGCAGGGGTCCTCGGGCTG
CACCTGGAGGGCCCCTTCATCAGCCGGGAGAAGCGGGGCGCGCACCCCGAGGCCCACCTC
CGCTCCTTCGAGGCCGATGCCTTCCAGGACTTGCTGGCCACCTACGGGCCCCTGGACAAT
GTCCGCATCGTGACGCTGGCCCCAGAGTTGGGCCGTAGCCACGAAGTGATCCGGGCGCTG
ACGGCCCGTGGCATCTGCGTGTCCCTAGGGCACTCAGTGGCTGACCTGCGGGCGGCAGAG
GATGCTGTGTGGAGCGGAGCCACCTTCATCACCCACCTCTTCAACGCCATGCTGCCTTTC
CACCACCGCGACCCAGGCATCGTGGGGCTCCTGACCAGCGACCGGCTGCCCGCAGGCCGC
TGCATCTTCTATGGGATGATTGCAGATGGCACGCACACCAACCCCGCCGCCCTGCGGATC
GCCCACCGTGCCCATCCCCAGGGGCTGGTGCTGGTCACCGATGCCATCCCTGCCTTGGGC
CTGGGCAACGGCCGGCACACGCTGGGACAGCAGGAAGTGGAAGTGGACGGTCTGACGGCC
TACGTGGCAGGTGAGCGCCCTGACCCACTGGGTCCCAGGTCCCAGCCCGCATGCCAGGTG
GCCCACGACCCCCCCAGAGCCTGCCCTCTCTGCTCTCAAGGCACCAAGACGCTGAGTGGC
AGCATAGCCCCAATGGACGTCTGTGTCCGGCACTTCCTGCAGGCCACAGGCTGCAGCATG
GAGTCGGCCCTGGAGGCTGCATCCCTGCACCCCGCCCAGTTGCTGGGGCTGGAGAAGAGT
AAGGGGACCCTGGACTTTGGTGCTGACGCAGACTTCGTGGTGCTCGACGACTCCCTTCAC
GTCCAGGCCACCTACATCTCGGGTGAGCTGGTGTGGCAGGCGGACGCAGCTAGGCAGTGA
Enzyme 28 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Enzyme 28 GeneCard ID AMDHD2 Link Image
Enzyme 28 GenAtlas ID AMDHD2 Link Image
Enzyme 28 HGNC ID HGNC:24262 Link Image
Enzyme 28 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 28 Locus 16p13.3
Enzyme 28 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 28 General References
  1. Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W: Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics. Genome Res. 2000 May;10(5):703-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 28 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 29 [top]
Enzyme 29 ID 11649
Enzyme 29 Name Citrate lyase subunit beta-like protein, mitochondrial
Enzyme 29 Synonyms
  1. Citrate lyase beta-like
Enzyme 29 Gene Name CLYBL
Enzyme 29 Protein Sequence >Citrate lyase subunit beta-like protein, mitochondrial
MALRLLRRAARGAAAAALLRLKASLAADIPRLGYSSSSHHKYIPRRAVLYVPGNDEKKIK
KIPSLNVDCAVLDCEDGVAANKKNEARLRIVKTLEDIDLGPTEKCVRVNSVSSGLAEEDL
ETLLQSRVLPSSLMLPKVESPEEIQWFADKFSFHLKGRKLEQPMNLIPFVETAMGLLNFK
AVCEETLKVGPQVGLFLDAVVFGGEDFRASIGATSSKETLDILYARQKIVVIAKAFGLQA
IDLVYIDFRDGAGLLRQSREGAAMGFTGKQVIHPNQIAVVQEQFSPSPEKIKWAEELIAA
FKEHQQLGKGAFTFQGSMIDMPLLKQAQNTVTLATSIKEK
Enzyme 29 Number of Residues 340
Enzyme 29 Molecular Weight 37359.0
Enzyme 29 Theoretical pI 9.12
Enzyme 29 GO Classification
Function
  • carbon-carbon lyase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • citrate (pro-3S)-lyase activity
  • lyase activity
  • oxo-acid-lyase activity
Process
  • cellular aromatic compound metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
Component
  • citrate lyase complex
  • macromolecular complex
  • protein complex
Enzyme 29 General Function Involved in citrate (pro-3S)-lyase activity
Enzyme 29 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 29 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 29 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 29 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 29 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 29 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 29 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 29 GenBank ID Protein 19073013 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8N0X4 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CLYBL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 29 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 29 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 29 Gene Sequence >1023 bp
ATGGCGCTACGTCTGCTCCGGAGGGCGGCGCGCGGAGCTGCGGCGGCGGCGCTGCTGAGG
CTGAAAGCGTCTCTAGCAGCTGATATCCCCAGACTTGGATATAGTTCCTCATCCCATCAC
AAGTACATCCCCCGGAGGGCAGTGCTTTATGTACCTGGAAATGATGAAAAGAAAATAAAG
AAGATTCCATCCCTGAATGTAGATTGTGCAGTGCTCGACTGTGAGGATGGAGTGGCTGCA
AACAAAAAGAATGAAGCTCGACTGAGAATTGTAAAAACTCTTGAAGACATTGATCTGGGC
CCTACTGAAAAATGTGTGAGAGTCAACTCAGTTTCCAGTGGTCTGGCGGAAGAAGACCTA
GAGACCCTTTTGCAATCCCGGGTCCTTCCTTCCAGCCTGATGCTACCAAAGGTGGAAAGT
CCTGAAGAAATCCAGTGGTTTGCAGACAAATTTTCATTCCACTTAAAAGGCCGAAAACTT
GAACAACCAATGAATTTAATCCCTTTTGTGGAAACTGCAATGGGTTTGCTCAATTTTAAG
GCAGTGTGTGAAGAAACCCTGAAGGTCGGGCCTCAAGTAGGTCTCTTTCTAGATGCAGTC
GTTTTTGGAGGAGAAGACTTTCGAGCCAGCATAGGTGCAACAAGTAGTAAAGAAACCCTG
GATATTCTCTACGCCCGGCAAAAGATTGTTGTCATAGCGAAAGCCTTTGGTCTCCAAGCC
ATAGATCTGGTGTACATTGACTTTCGAGATGGAGCTGGGCTGCTTAGACAGTCACGAGAA
GGAGCCGCCATGGGCTTCACTGGTAAGCAGGTGATTCACCCTAACCAAATTGCCGTGGTC
CAGGAGCAGTTTTCTCCTTCCCCTGAAAAAATTAAGTGGGCTGAAGAACTGATTGCTGCC
TTTAAAGAACATCAACAATTAGGAAAGGGGGCCTTTACTTTCCAAGGGAGTATGATCGAC
ATGCCATTACTGAAGCAGGCCCAGAACACTGTTACGCTTGCCACCTCCATCAAGGAAAAA
TGA
Enzyme 29 GenBank Gene ID AF428253 Link Image
Enzyme 29 GeneCard ID CLYBL Link Image
Enzyme 29 GenAtlas ID CLYBL Link Image
Enzyme 29 HGNC ID HGNC:18355 Link Image
Enzyme 29 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 29 Locus 13q32
Enzyme 29 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 29 General References
  1. Morikawa J, Nishimura Y, Uchida A, Tanaka T: Molecular cloning of novel mouse and human putative citrate lyase beta-subunit. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Dec 21;289(5):1282-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Dunham A, Matthews LH, Burton J, Ashurst JL, Howe KL, Ashcroft KJ, Beare DM, Burford DC, Hunt SE, Griffiths-Jones S, Jones MC, Keenan SJ, Oliver K, Scott CE, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews DT, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Bannerjee R, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burrill W, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp ME, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg SC, Cobley V, Collins JE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Deloukas P, Dhami P, Dunham I, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AG, Faulkner L, Frankish AG, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gilbert JG, Gilson CJ, Ghori J, Grafham DV, Gribble SM, Griffiths C, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kay M, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford CJ, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Lloyd C, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, McLaren SJ, McMurray A, Milne S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter KM, Rice CM, Searle S, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thomas DW, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wright MW, Young L, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Beck S, Bentley DR, Rogers J, Ross MT: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):522-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 29 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 30 [top]
Enzyme 30 ID 13088
Enzyme 30 Name ACSS2 protein
Enzyme 30 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 30 Gene Name ACSS2
Enzyme 30 Protein Sequence >ACSS2 protein
PMIPELVVAMLACARIGALHSIVFAGFSSESLCERILDSSCSLLITTDAFYRGEKLVNLK
ELADEALQKCQEKGFPVRCCIVVKHLGRAELGMGDSTSQSPPIKRSCPDVQISWNQGIDL
WWHELMQEAGDECEPEWCDAEDPLFILYTSGSTGKPKGVVHTVGGYMLYVATTFKYVFDF
HAEDVFWCTADIGWITGHSYVTYGPLANGATSVLFEGIPTYPDVNRLWSIVDKYKVTKFY
TAPTAIRLLMKFGDEPVTKHSRASLQVLGTVGEPINPEAWLWYHRVVGAQRCPIVDTFWQ
TETGGHMLTPLPGATPMKPGSATFPFFGVAPAILNESGEELEGEAEGYLVFKQPWPGIMR
TVYGNHERFETTYFKKFPGYYVTGDGCQRDQDGYYWITGRIDDMLNVSGHLLSTAEVESA
LVEHEAVAEAAVVGHPHPVKGECLYCFVTLCDGHTFSPKLTEELKKQIREKIGPIATPDY
IQNAPGLPKTRSGKIMRRVLRKIAQNDHDLGDMSTVADPSVISHLFSHRCLTIQ
Enzyme 30 Number of Residues 534
Enzyme 30 Molecular Weight 59346.4
Enzyme 30 Theoretical pI 5.68
Enzyme 30 GO Classification
Function
  • AMP binding
  • CoA-ligase activity
  • acetate-CoA ligase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • adenyl ribonucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • ligase activity, forming carbon-sulfur bonds
  • nucleoside binding
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 30 General Function Involved in acetate-CoA ligase activity
Enzyme 30 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 30 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 30 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 30 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 30 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 30 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 30 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 30 GenBank ID Protein 40226463 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96FY7 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Q96FY7_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 30 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 30 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 30 Gene Sequence >1606 bp
GCCTATGATCCCAGAGCTTGTGGTGGCCATGCTGGCATGTGCCCGCATTGGGGCTTTGCA
CTCCATTGTGTTTGCAGGCTTCTCTTCAGAGTCTCTATGTGAACGGATCTTGGATTCCAG
CTGCAGTCTTCTCATCACTACAGATGCCTTCTACAGGGGGGAAAAGCTTGTGAACCTGAA
GGAGCTGGCTGACGAGGCCCTGCAGAAGTGTCAGGAGAAGGGTTTCCCAGTAAGATGCTG
CATTGTGGTCAAGCACCTGGGGCGGGCAGAGCTCGGCATGGGTGACTCCACCAGCCAGTC
CCCCCCAATTAAGAGGTCATGCCCAGATGTGCAGATCTCATGGAACCAAGGGATTGACTT
GTGGTGGCATGAGCTCATGCAAGAGGCAGGGGATGAGTGTGAGCCCGAGTGGTGTGATGC
CGAGGACCCACTCTTCATCCTGTACACCAGTGGCTCCACAGGCAAACCCAAGGGTGTGGT
TCACACAGTTGGGGGCTACATGCTCTATGTAGCCACAACCTTCAAGTATGTGTTTGACTT
CCATGCAGAGGATGTGTTCTGGTGCACGGCAGACATTGGTTGGATCACTGGTCATTCCTA
CGTCACCTATGGGCCACTGGCCAATGGTGCCACCAGTGTTTTGTTTGAGGGGATTCCCAC
ATATCCGGACGTGAACCGCCTGTGGAGCATTGTGGACAAATACAAGGTGACCAAGTTCTA
CACAGCACCCACAGCCATCCGTCTGCTCATGAAGTTTGGAGATGAGCCTGTCACCAAGCA
TAGCCGGGCATCCTTGCAGGTGTTAGGCACAGTGGGTGAACCCATCAACCCTGAGGCCTG
GCTATGGTACCACCGGGTGGTAGGTGCCCAGCGCTGCCCCATCGTGGACACCTTCTGGCA
AACAGAGACAGGTGGCCACATGTTGACTCCCCTTCCTGGTGCCACACCCATGAAACCCGG
TTCTGCTACTTTCCCATTCTTTGGTGTAGCTCCTGCAATCCTGAATGAGTCCGGGGAAGA
GTTGGAAGGTGAAGCTGAAGGTTATCTGGTGTTCAAGCAGCCCTGGCCAGGGATCATGCG
CACAGTCTATGGGAACCACGAACGCTTTGAGACAACCTACTTTAAGAAGTTTCCTGGATA
CTATGTTACAGGAGATGGCTGCCAGCGGGACCAGGATGGCTATTACTGGATCACTGGCAG
GATTGATGACATGCTCAATGTATCTGGACACCTGCTGAGTACAGCAGAGGTGGAGTCAGC
ACTTGTGGAACATGAGGCTGTTGCAGAGGCAGCTGTGGTGGGCCACCCTCATCCTGTGAA
GGGTGAATGCCTCTACTGCTTTGTCACCTTGTGTGATGGCCACACCTTCAGCCCCAAGCT
CACCGAGGAGCTCAAGAAGCAGATTAGAGAAAAGATTGGCCCCATTGCCACACCAGACTA
CATCCAGAATGCACCTGGCTTGCCTAAAACCCGCTCAGGGAAAATCATGAGGCGAGTGCT
TCGGAAGATTGCTCAGAATGACCATGACCTCGGGGACATGTCTACTGTGGCTGACCCATC
TGTCATCAGTCACCTCTTCAGCCACCGCTGCCTGACCATCCAGTGA
Enzyme 30 GenBank Gene ID BC010141 Link Image
Enzyme 30 GeneCard ID ACSS2 Link Image
Enzyme 30 GenAtlas ID ACSS2 Link Image
Enzyme 30 HGNC ID HGNC:15814 Link Image
Enzyme 30 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 30 Locus 20q11.22
Enzyme 30 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 30 General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 30 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 31 [top]
Enzyme 31 ID 15063
Enzyme 31 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member B1, isoform CRA_c
Enzyme 31 Synonyms
  1. SubName: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3B1
  2. SubName: cDNA FLJ77312, highly similar to Homo sapiens aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member B1 (ALDH3B1),mRNA
Enzyme 31 Gene Name ALDH3B1
Enzyme 31 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member B1, isoform CRA_c
MDPLGDTLRRLREAFHAGRTRPAEFRAAQLQGLGRFLQENKQLLHDALAQDLHKSAFESE
VSEVAISQGEVTLALRNLRAWMKDERVPKNLATQLDSAFIRKEPFGLVLIIAPWNYPLNL
TLVPLVGALAAGNCVVLKPSEISKNVEKILAEVLPQYVDQSCFAVVLGGPQETGQLLEHR
FDYIFFTGSPRVGKIVMTAAAKHLTPVTLELGGKNPCYVDDNCDPQTVANRVAWFRYFNA
GQTCVAPDYVLCSPEMQERLLPALQSTITRFYGDDPQSSPNLGRIINQKQFQRLRALLGC
GRVAIGGQSDESDRYIAPTVLVDVQEMEPVMQEEIFGPILPIVNVQSLDEAIEFINRREK
PLALYAFSNSSQVVKRVLTQTSSGGFCGNDGFMHMTLASLPFGGVGASGMGRYHGKFSFD
TFSHHRACLLRSPGMEKLNALRYPPQSPRRLRMLLVAMEAQGCSCTLL
Enzyme 31 Number of Residues 468
Enzyme 31 Molecular Weight 51839.2
Enzyme 31 Theoretical pI 7.67
Enzyme 31 GO Classification
Function
  • aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Process
  • cellular aldehyde metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 31 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 31 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 31 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 31 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 31 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 31 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 31 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 31 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 31 GenBank ID Protein 158256442 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A3FMP9 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A3FMP9_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 31 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 31 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 31 Gene Sequence >1407 bp
ATGGACCCCCTTGGGGACACGCTGCGGCGACTGCGGGAGGCCTTCCACGCGGGGCGCACG
CGGCCAGCTGAGTTCCGGGCTGCGCAGCTCCAAGGCCTGGGCCGCTTCCTGCAAGAAAAC
AAGCAGCTTCTGCACGACGCACTGGCCCAGGACCTGCACAAGTCAGCCTTCGAGTCGGAG
GTGTCTGAGGTTGCCATCAGCCAGGGCGAGGTCACCCTGGCCCTCAGGAACCTCCGGGCC
TGGATGAAGGACGAGCGTGTGCCCAAGAACCTGGCCACGCAGCTGGACTCCGCCTTCATC
CGGAAGGAGCCCTTTGGCCTGGTCCTCATCATTGCGCCCTGGAACTATCCGCTGAACCTG
ACGCTGGTGCCCCTCGTGGGAGCCCTCGCTGCAGGGAACTGTGTGGTGCTGAAGCCATCG
GAGATTAGCAAGAACGTCGAGAAGATCCTGGCCGAGGTGCTGCCCCAATACGTGGACCAG
AGCTGCTTTGCTGTGGTGCTGGGCGGGCCCCAGGAGACGGGGCAGCTGCTAGAGCACAGG
TTCGACTACATCTTCTTCACAGGGAGCCCTCGTGTGGGCAAGATTGTTATGACTGCTGCC
GCCAAGCACCTGACACCTGTCACCCTGGAGCTGGGGGGCAAGAACCCTTGCTACGTGGAC
GACAACTGCGACCCCCAGACCGTGGCCAACCGCGTGGCCTGGTTCCGCTACTTCAACGCC
GGCCAGACCTGCGTGGCCCCCGACTACGTCCTATGCAGCCCTGAGATGCAGGAGAGGCTG
CTGCCTGCCCTGCAGAGCACCATCACCCGTTTCTATGGCGACGACCCCCAGAGCTCCCCA
AACCTGGGCCGCATCATCAACCAGAAACAGTTCCAGCGGCTGCGGGCATTGCTGGGCTGC
GGCCGTGTGGCCATTGGGGGCCAGAGCGATGAGAGCGATCGCTACATCGCCCCCACGGTG
CTGGTGGATGTGCAGGAGATGGAGCCTGTGATGCAGGAGGAGATCTTCGGGCCCATCCTG
CCCATCGTGAACGTGCAGAGCTTGGACGAGGCCATCGAGTTCATCAACCGGCGGGAGAAG
CCCCTGGCCCTGTACGCCTTCTCCAACAGCAGCCAGGTGGTCAAGCGGGTGCTGACCCAG
ACCAGCAGCGGGGGCTTCTGTGGGAACGACGGCTTCATGCACATGACCCTGGCCAGCCTG
CCTTTTGGAGGAGTGGGTGCCAGTGGGATGGGCCGGTACCATGGCAAGTTCTCCTTCGAC
ACCTTCTCCCACCATCGCGCCTGCCTCCTGCGCAGCCCGGGGATGGAGAAGCTCAACGCC
CTCCGCTACCCGCCGCAATCGCCGCGCCGCCTGAGGATGCTGCTGGTGGCCATGGAAGCC
CAAGGCTGCAGCTGCACACTGCTCTGA
Enzyme 31 GenBank Gene ID AK291505 Link Image
Enzyme 31 GeneCard ID ALDH3B1 Link Image
Enzyme 31 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 31 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 31 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 31 Locus 11q13
Enzyme 31 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 31 General References
  1. Marchitti SA, Orlicky DJ, Vasiliou V: Expression and initial characterization of human ALDH3B1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 May 11;356(3):792-8. Epub 2007 Mar 15. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 31 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 32 [top]
Enzyme 32 ID 15065
Enzyme 32 Name Paraoxonase 2
Enzyme 32 Synonyms
  1. SubName: cDNA FLJ78444, highly similar to Homo sapiens paraoxonase 2, transcript variant 1, mRNA
Enzyme 32 Gene Name PON2
Enzyme 32 Protein Sequence >Paraoxonase 2
MGRLVAVGLLGIALALLGERLLALRNRLKASREVESVDLPHCHLIKGIEAGSEDIDILPN
GLAFFSVGLKFPGLHSFAPDKPGGILMMDLKEEKPRARELRISRGFDLASFNPHGISTFI
DNDDTVYLFVVNHPEFKNTVEIFKFEEAENSLLHLKTVKHELLPSVNDITAVGPAHFYAT
NDHYFSDPFLKYLETYLNLHWANVVYYSPNEVKVVAEGFDSANGINISPDDKYIYVADIL
AHEIHVLEKHTNMNLTQLKVLELDTLVDNLSIDPSSGDIWVGCHPNGQKLFVYDPNNPPS
SEVLRIQNILSEKPTVTTVYANNGSVLQGSSVASVYDGKLLIGTLYHRALYCEL
Enzyme 32 Number of Residues 354
Enzyme 32 Molecular Weight 39380.5
Enzyme 32 Theoretical pI 5.35
Enzyme 32 GO Classification
Function
  • arylesterase activity
  • carboxylesterase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
Component
  • extracellular region
Enzyme 32 General Function Involved in arylesterase activity
Enzyme 32 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 32 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 32 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 32 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 32 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 32 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 32 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 32 GenBank ID Protein 158255642 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A4D1H7 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A4D1H7_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 32 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 32 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 32 Gene Sequence >1065 bp
ATGGGGCGGCTGGTGGCTGTGGGCTTGCTGGGGATCGCGCTGGCGCTCCTGGGCGAGAGG
CTTCTGGCACTCAGAAATCGACTTAAAGCCTCCAGAGAAGTAGAATCTGTAGACCTTCCA
CACTGCCACCTGATTAAAGGAATTGAAGCTGGCTCTGAAGATATTGACATACTTCCCAAT
GGTCTGGCTTTTTTTAGTGTGGGTCTAAAATTCCCAGGACTCCACAGCTTTGCACCAGAT
AAGCCTGGAGGAATACTAATGATGGATCTAAAAGAAGAAAAACCAAGGGCACGGGAATTA
AGAATCAGTCGTGGGTTTGATTTGGCCTCATTCAATCCACATGGCATCAGCACTTTCATA
GACAACGATGACACAGTTTATCTCTTTGTTGTAAACCACCCAGAATTCAAGAATACAGTG
GAAATTTTTAAATTTGAAGAAGCAGAAAATTCTCTGTTGCATCTGAAAACAGTCAAACAT
GAGCTTCTTCCAAGTGTGAATGACATCACAGCTGTTGGACCGGCACATTTCTATGCCACA
AATGACCACTACTTCTCTGATCCTTTCTTAAAGTATTTAGAAACATACTTGAACTTACAC
TGGGCAAATGTTGTTTACTACAGTCCAAATGAAGTTAAAGTGGTAGCAGAAGGATTTGAT
TCAGCAAATGGGATCAATATTTCACCTGATGATAAGTATATCTATGTTGCTGACATATTG
GCTCATGAAATTCATGTTTTGGAAAAACACACTAATATGAATTTAACTCAGTTGAAGGTA
CTTGAGCTGGATACACTGGTGGATAATTTATCTATTGATCCTTCCTCGGGGGACATCTGG
GTAGGCTGTCATCCTAATGGCCAGAAGCTCTTCGTGTATGACCCGAACAATCCTCCCTCG
TCAGAGGTTCTCCGCATCCAGAACATTCTATCTGAGAAGCCTACAGTGACTACAGTTTAT
GCCAACAATGGGTCTGTTCTCCAAGGAAGTTCTGTAGCCTCAGTGTATGATGGGAAGCTG
CTCATAGGCACTTTATACCACAGAGCCTTGTATTGTGAACTCTAA
Enzyme 32 GenBank Gene ID AK291103 Link Image
Enzyme 32 GeneCard ID PON2 Link Image
Enzyme 32 GenAtlas ID PON2 Link Image
Enzyme 32 HGNC ID HGNC:9205 Link Image
Enzyme 32 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 32 Locus 7q21.3
Enzyme 32 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 32 General References
  1. Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, Osborne LR, Nakabayashi K, Herbrick JA, Carson AR, Parker-Katiraee L, Skaug J, Khaja R, Zhang J, Hudek AK, Li M, Haddad M, Duggan GE, Fernandez BA, Kanematsu E, Gentles S, Christopoulos CC, Choufani S, Kwasnicka D, Zheng XH, Lai Z, Nusskern D, Zhang Q, Gu Z, Lu F, Zeesman S, Nowaczyk MJ, Teshima I, Chitayat D, Shuman C, Weksberg R, Zackai EH, Grebe TA, Cox SR, Kirkpatrick SJ, Rahman N, Friedman JM, Heng HH, Pelicci PG, Lo-Coco F, Belloni E, Shaffer LG, Pober B, Morton CC, Gusella JF, Bruns GA, Korf BR, Quade BJ, Ligon AH, Ferguson H, Higgins AW, Leach NT, Herrick SR, Lemyre E, Farra CG, Kim HG, Summers AM, Gripp KW, Roberts W, Szatmari P, Winsor EJ, Grzeschik KH, Teebi A, Minassian BA, Kere J, Armengol L, Pujana MA, Estivill X, Wilson MD, Koop BF, Tosi S, Moore GE, Boright AP, Zlotorynski E, Kerem B, Kroisel PM, Petek E, Oscier DG, Mould SJ, Dohner H, Dohner K, Rommens JM, Vincent JB, Venter JC, Li PW, Mural RJ, Adams MD, Tsui LC: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. Science. 2003 May 2;300(5620):767-72. Epub 2003 Apr 10. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 32 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 33 [top]
Enzyme 33 ID 15066
Enzyme 33 Name Paraoxonase 3 (HCG2023324, isoform CRA_a)
Enzyme 33 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 33 Gene Name PON3
Enzyme 33 Protein Sequence >Paraoxonase 3 (HCG2023324, isoform CRA_a)
MGKLVALVLLGVGLSLVGEMFLAFRERVNASREVEPVEPENCHLIEELESGSEDIDILPS
GLAFISSGLKYPGMPNFAPDEPGKIFLMDLNEQNPRAQALEISGGFDKELFNPHGISIFI
DKDNTVYLYVVNHPHMKSTVEIFKFEEQQRSLVYLKTIKHELLKSVNDIVVLGPEQFYAT
RDHYFTNSLLSFFEMILDLRWTYVLFYSPREVKVVAKGFCSANGITVSADQKYVYVADVA
AKNIHIMEKHDNWDLTQLKVIQLGTLVDNLTVDPATGDILAGCHPNPMKLLNYNPEDPPG
SEVLRIQNVLSEKPRVSTVYANNGSVLQGTSVASVYHGKILIGTVFHKTLYCEL
Enzyme 33 Number of Residues 354
Enzyme 33 Molecular Weight 39608
Enzyme 33 Theoretical pI 5.10
Enzyme 33 GO Classification
Function
  • arylesterase activity
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
Component
  • extracellular region
Enzyme 33 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 33 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 33 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 33 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 33 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 33 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 33 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 33 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 33 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A4D1H8 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A4D1H8_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 33 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 33 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 33 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 33 GenBank Gene ID CH236949 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GeneCard ID A4D1H8 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 33 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 33 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 33 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 33 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 33 General References
  1. Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, Osborne LR, Nakabayashi K, Herbrick JA, Carson AR, Parker-Katiraee L, Skaug J, Khaja R, Zhang J, Hudek AK, Li M, Haddad M, Duggan GE, Fernandez BA, Kanematsu E, Gentles S, Christopoulos CC, Choufani S, Kwasnicka D, Zheng XH, Lai Z, Nusskern D, Zhang Q, Gu Z, Lu F, Zeesman S, Nowaczyk MJ, Teshima I, Chitayat D, Shuman C, Weksberg R, Zackai EH, Grebe TA, Cox SR, Kirkpatrick SJ, Rahman N, Friedman JM, Heng HH, Pelicci PG, Lo-Coco F, Belloni E, Shaffer LG, Pober B, Morton CC, Gusella JF, Bruns GA, Korf BR, Quade BJ, Ligon AH, Ferguson H, Higgins AW, Leach NT, Herrick SR, Lemyre E, Farra CG, Kim HG, Summers AM, Gripp KW, Roberts W, Szatmari P, Winsor EJ, Grzeschik KH, Teebi A, Minassian BA, Kere J, Armengol L, Pujana MA, Estivill X, Wilson MD, Koop BF, Tosi S, Moore GE, Boright AP, Zlotorynski E, Kerem B, Kroisel PM, Petek E, Oscier DG, Mould SJ, Dohner H, Dohner K, Rommens JM, Vincent JB, Venter JC, Li PW, Mural RJ, Adams MD, Tsui LC: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. Science. 2003 May 2;300(5620):767-72. Epub 2003 Apr 10. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 33 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 34 [top]
Enzyme 34 ID 15067
Enzyme 34 Name Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, 40kDa (Platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, 40kDa, isoform CRA_a)
Enzyme 34 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 34 Gene Name PAFAH2
Enzyme 34 Protein Sequence >Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, 40kDa (Platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, 40kDa, isoform CRA_a)
MGVNQSVGFPPVTGPHLVGCGDVMEGQNLQGSFFRLFYPCQKAEETMEQPLWIPRYEYCT
GLAEYLQFNKRCGGLLFNLAVGSCRLPVSWNGPFKTKDSGYPLIIFSHGLGAFRTLYSAF
CMELASRGFVVAVPEHRDRSAATTYFCKQAPEENQPTNESLQEEWIPFRRVEEGEKEFHV
RNPQVHQRVSECLRVLKILQEVTAGQTVFNILPGGLDLMTLKGNIDMSRVAVMGHSFGGA
TAILALAKETQFRCAVALDAWMFPLERDFYPKARGPVFFINTEKFQTMESVNLMKKICAQ
HEQSRIITVLGSVHRSQTDFAFVTGNLIGKFFSTETRGSLDPYEGQEVMVRAMLAFLQKH
LDLKEDYNQWNNLIEGIGPSLTPGAPHHLSSL
Enzyme 34 Number of Residues 392
Enzyme 34 Molecular Weight 44036
Enzyme 34 Theoretical pI 6.89
Enzyme 34 GO Classification
Function
  • 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
  • 2-acetyl-1-alkylglycerophosphocholine esterase complex
  • protein complex
  • unlocalized protein complex
Enzyme 34 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 34 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 34 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 34 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 34 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 34 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 34 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 34 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 34 GenBank ID Protein 55859645 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q5SY02 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Q5SY02_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 34 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 34 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 34 Gene Sequence >1179 bp
ATGGGGGTCAACCAGTCTGTGGGCTTTCCACCTGTCACAGGACCCCACCTCGTAGGCTGT
GGGGATGTGATGGAGGGTCAGAATCTCCAGGGGAGCTTCTTTCGACTCTTCTACCCCTGC
CAAAAGGCAGAGGAGACCATGGAGCAGCCCCTGTGGATTCCCCGCTATGAGTACTGCACT
GGCCTGGCCGAGTACCTGCAGTTTAATAAGCGCTGCGGGGGCTTGCTGTTCAACCTGGCG
GTGGGATCTTGTCGCCTGCCTGTTAGCTGGAATGGCCCCTTTAAGACAAAGGACTCTGGA
TACCCCTTGATCATCTTCTCCCATGGCCTAGGAGCCTTCAGGACTTTGTATTCAGCCTTC
TGCATGGAGCTGGCCTCACGTGGCTTTGTGGTTGCTGTGCCAGAGCACAGGGACCGGTCA
GCGGCAACCACCTATTTCTGCAAGCAGGCCCCAGAAGAGAACCAGCCCACCAATGAATCG
CTGCAGGAGGAATGGATCCCTTTCCGTCGAGTTGAGGAAGGGGAGAAGGAATTTCATGTT
CGGAATCCCCAGGTGCATCAGCGGGTAAGCGAGTGTTTACGGGTGTTGAAGATCCTGCAA
GAGGTCACTGCTGGGCAGACTGTCTTCAACATCTTGCCTGGTGGCTTGGATCTGATGACT
TTGAAGGGCAACATTGACATGAGCCGTGTGGCTGTGATGGGACATTCATTTGGAGGGGCC
ACAGCTATTCTGGCTTTGGCCAAGGAGACCCAATTTCGGTGTGCGGTGGCTCTGGATGCT
TGGATGTTTCCTCTGGAACGTGACTTTTACCCCAAGGCCCGAGGACCTGTGTTCTTTATC
AATACTGAGAAATTCCAGACAATGGAGAGTGTCAATTTGATGAAGAAGATATGTGCCCAG
CATGAACAGTCTAGGATCATAACCGTTCTTGGTTCTGTTCATCGGAGTCAAACTGACTTT
GCTTTTGTGACTGGCAACTTGATTGGTAAATTCTTCTCCACTGAAACCCGTGGGAGCCTG
GACCCCTATGAAGGGCAGGAGGTTATGGTACGGGCCATGTTGGCCTTCCTGCAGAAGCAC
CTCGACCTGAAAGAAGACTATAATCAATGGAACAACCTTATTGAAGGCATTGGACCGTCG
CTCACCCCAGGGGCCCCCCACCATCTGTCCAGCCTGTAG
Enzyme 34 GenBank Gene ID AL592064 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GeneCard ID Q5SY02 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GenAtlas ID PAFAH2 Link Image
Enzyme 34 HGNC ID HGNC:8579 Link Image
Enzyme 34 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 34 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 34 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 34 General References Not Available
Enzyme 34 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 35 [top]
Enzyme 35 ID 15068
Enzyme 35 Name cDNA FLJ76635, highly similar to Homo sapiens phosphatidylinositol glycan, class L (PIGL), mRNA (Phosphatidylinositol glycan, class L, isoform CRA_b)
Enzyme 35 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 35 Gene Name PIGL
Enzyme 35 Protein Sequence >cDNA FLJ76635, highly similar to Homo sapiens phosphatidylinositol glycan, class L (PIGL), mRNA (Phosphatidylinositol glycan, class L, isoform CRA_b)
MEAMWLLCVALAVLAWGFLWVWDSSERMKSREQGGRLGAESRTLLVIAHPDDEAMFFAPT
VLGLARLRHWVYLLCFSAGNYYNQGETRKKELLQSCDVLGIPLSSVMIIDNRDFPDDPGM
QWDTEHVARVLLQHIEVNGINLVVTFDAGGVSGHSNHIALYAAVRALHSEGKLPKGCSVL
TLQSVNVLRKYISLLDLPLSLLHTQDVLFVLNSKEVAQAKKAMSCHRSQLLWFRRLYIIF
SRYMRINSLSFL
Enzyme 35 Number of Residues 252
Enzyme 35 Molecular Weight 28532
Enzyme 35 Theoretical pI 8.23
Enzyme 35 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 35 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 35 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 35 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 35 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 35 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 35 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 35 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 35 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 35 GenBank ID Protein 158259325 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A8KA67 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A8KA67_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 35 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 35 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 35 Gene Sequence >759 bp
ATGGAAGCAATGTGGCTCCTGTGTGTGGCGTTGGCGGTCTTGGCATGGGGCTTCCTCTGG
GTTTGGGACTCCTCAGAACGAATGAAGAGTCGGGAGCAGGGAGGACGGCTGGGAGCCGAA
AGCCGGACCCTGCTGGTCATAGCGCACCCTGACGATGAAGCCATGTTTTTTGCTCCCACA
GTGCTAGGCTTGGCCCGCCTAAGGCACTGGGTGTACCTGCTTTGCTTCTCTGCAGGAAAT
TACTACAATCAAGGAGAGACTCGTAAGAAAGAACTTTTGCAGAGCTGTGATGTTTTGGGG
ATTCCACTCTCCAGTGTAATGATTATTGACAACAGGGATTTCCCAGATGACCCAGGCATG
CAGTGGGACACAGAGCACGTGGCCAGAGTCCTCCTTCAGCACATAGAAGTGAATGGCATC
AATCTGGTGGTGACTTTCGATGCAGGGGGAGTAAGTGGCCACAGCAATCACATTGCTCTG
TATGCAGCTGTGAGGGCCCTGCACTCAGAAGGGAAGTTACCTAAAGGGTGCTCTGTGCTC
ACGCTTCAGTCTGTGAATGTGCTGCGCAAGTACATCTCCCTTCTGGATCTGCCCTTGTCT
CTGCTTCATACGCAGGATGTCCTCTTCGTGCTCAACAGCAAAGAAGTGGCACAGGCCAAG
AAAGCCATGTCCTGCCACCGCAGCCAGCTCCTCTGGTTCCGCCGCCTCTACATTATCTTC
TCCCGGTACATGAGAATCAACTCACTGAGCTTCCTCTGA
Enzyme 35 GenBank Gene ID AK292932 Link Image
Enzyme 35 GeneCard ID A8KA67 Link Image
Enzyme 35 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 35 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 35 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 35 Locus 17p12-p11.2
Enzyme 35 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 35 General References Not Available
Enzyme 35 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 36 [top]
Enzyme 36 ID 16427
Enzyme 36 Name cDNA, FLJ93559, Homo sapiens platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoformIb, alpha subunit 45kDa (PAFAH1B1), mRNA (Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform Ib, alpha subunit 45kDa)
Enzyme 36 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 36 Gene Name PAFAH1B1
Enzyme 36 Protein Sequence >cDNA, FLJ93559, Homo sapiens platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoformIb, alpha subunit 45kDa (PAFAH1B1), mRNA (Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform Ib, alpha subunit 45kDa)
MVLSQRQRDELNRAIADYLRSNGYEEAYSVFKKEAELDVNEELDKKYAGLLEKKWTSVIR
LQKKVMELESKLNEAKEEFTSGGPLGQKRDPKEWIPRPPEKYALSGHRSPVTRVIFHPVF
SVMVSASEDATIKVWDYETGDFERTLKGHTDSVQDISFDHSGKLLASCSADMTIKLWDFQ
GFECIRTMHGHDHNVSSVAIMPNGDHIVSASRDKTIKMWEVQTGYCVKTFTGHREWVRMV
RPNQDGTLIASCSNDQTVRVWVVATKECKAELREHEHVVECISWAPESSYSSISEATGSE
TKKSGKPGPFLLSGSRDKTIKMWDVSTGMCLMTLVGHDNWVRGVLFHSGGKFILSCADDK
TLRVWDYKNKRCMKTLNAHEHFVTSLDFHKTAPYVVTGSVDQTVKVWECR
Enzyme 36 Number of Residues 410
Enzyme 36 Molecular Weight 46638
Enzyme 36 Theoretical pI 7.40
Enzyme 36 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 36 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 36 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 36 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 36 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 36 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 36 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 36 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 36 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 36 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B2R7Q7 Link Image
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B2R7Q7_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 36 PDB ID 1UUJ Link Image
Enzyme 36 PDB File Show
Enzyme 36 3D Structure
Enzyme 36 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 36 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 36 GenBank Gene ID AK313078 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GeneCard ID B2R7Q7 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 36 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 36 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 36 Locus 17p13.3
Enzyme 36 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 36 General References Not Available
Enzyme 36 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 37 [top]
Enzyme 37 ID 16428
Enzyme 37 Name cDNA FLJ31531 fis, clone NT2RI2000585, highly similar to Sialate O-acetylesterase (EC 3.1.1.53)
Enzyme 37 Synonyms
  1. SubName: Sialic acid acetylesterase
Enzyme 37 Gene Name SIAE
Enzyme 37 Protein Sequence >cDNA FLJ31531 fis, clone NT2RI2000585, highly similar to Sialate O-acetylesterase (EC 3.1.1.53)
MVAPGLVLGLVLPLILWADRSAGIGFRFASYINNDMVLQKEPAGAVIWGFGTPGATVTVT
LRQGQETIMKKVTSVKAHSDTWMVVLDPMKPGGPFEVMAQQTLEKINFTLRVHDVLFGDV
WLCSGQSNMQMTVLQIFNATRELSNTAAYQSVRILSVSPIQAEQELEDLVAVDLQWSKPT
SENLGHGYFKYMSAVCWLFGRHLYDTLQYPIGLIASSWGGTPIEAWSSGRSLKACGVPKQ
GSIPYDSVTGPSKHSVLWNAMIHPLCNMTLKGVVWYQGESNINYNTDLYNCTFPALIEDW
RETFHRGSQGQTERFFPFGLVQLSSDLSKKSSDDGFPQIRWHQTADFGYVPNPKMPNTFM
AVAMDLCDRDSPFGSIHPRDKQTVAYRLHLGARALAYGEKNLTFEGPLPEKIELLAHKGL
LNLTYYQQIQVQKKDNKIFEISCCSDHRCKWLPASMNTVSTQSLTLAIDSCHGTVVALRY
AWTTWPCEYKQCPLYHPSSALPAPPFIAFITDQGPGHQSNVAK
Enzyme 37 Number of Residues 523
Enzyme 37 Molecular Weight 58315
Enzyme 37 Theoretical pI 7.35
Enzyme 37 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 37 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 37 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 37 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 37 Reactions
  • N-acetyl-O-acetylneuraminate + H2O = N-acetylneuraminate + acetate [RN:R01810] ALL_REAC R01810
Enzyme 37 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 37 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 37 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 37 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 37 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B3KPB0 Link Image
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B3KPB0_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 37 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 37 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 37 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 37 GenBank Gene ID AK056093 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GeneCard ID B3KPB0 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 37 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 37 Chromosome Location 11
Enzyme 37 Locus 11q24
Enzyme 37 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 37 General References Not Available
Enzyme 37 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 38 [top]
Enzyme 38 ID 16429
Enzyme 38 Name cDNA FLJ16680 fis, clone TLIVE2008221, highly similar to Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 12 (EC 3.1.2.1)
Enzyme 38 Synonyms
  1. SubName: Acyl-CoA thioesterase 12, isoform CRA_b
Enzyme 38 Gene Name ACOT12
Enzyme 38 Protein Sequence >cDNA FLJ16680 fis, clone TLIVE2008221, highly similar to Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 12 (EC 3.1.2.1)
MERPAPGEVVMSQAIQPAHATARGELSAGQLLKWIDTTACLAAEKHAGVSCVTASVDDIQ
FEETARVGQVITIKAKVTRAFSTSMEISIKVMVQDMLTGIEKLVSVAFSTFVAKPVGKEK
IHLKPVTLLTEQDHVEHNLAAERRKVRLQHEDTFNNLMKESSKFDDLIFDEEEGAVSTRG
TSVQSIELVLPPHANHHGNTFGGQIMAWMETVATISASRLCWAHPFLKSVDMFKFRGPST
VGDRLVFTAIVNNTFQTCVEVGVRVEAFDCQEWAEGRGRHINSAFLIYNAADDKENLITF
PRIQPISKDDFRRYRGAIARKRIRLGRKYVISHKEEVPLCIHWDISKQASLSDSNVEALK
KLAAKRGWEVTSTVEKIKIYTLEEHDVLSVWVEKHVGSPAHLAYRLLSDFTKRPLWDPHF
VSCEVIDWVSEDDQLYHITCPILNDDKPKDLVVLVSRRKPLKDGNTYTVAVKSVILPSVP
PSPQYIRSEIICAGFLIHAIDSNSCIVSYFNHMSASILPYFAGNLGGWSKSIEETAASCI
QFLENPPDDGFVSTF
Enzyme 38 Number of Residues 555
Enzyme 38 Molecular Weight 62035
Enzyme 38 Theoretical pI 6.76
Enzyme 38 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 38 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 38 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 38 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 38 Reactions
  • acetyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + acetate [RN:R00227] ALL_REAC R00227
Enzyme 38 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 38 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 38 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 38 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 38 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B3KVK9 Link Image
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B3KVK9_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 38 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 38 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 38 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 38 GenBank Gene ID AK122960 Link Image
Enzyme 38 GeneCard ID B3KVK9 Link Image
Enzyme 38 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 38 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 38 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 38 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 38 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 38 General References Not Available
Enzyme 38 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 39 [top]
Enzyme 39 ID 16430
Enzyme 39 Name cDNA, FLJ92383, Homo sapiens acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (common) type (ACYP1), mRNA (Acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (Common) type)
Enzyme 39 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 39 Gene Name ACYP1
Enzyme 39 Protein Sequence >cDNA, FLJ92383, Homo sapiens acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (common) type (ACYP1), mRNA (Acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (Common) type)
MAEGNTLISVDYEIFGKVQGVFFRKHTQAEGKKLGLVGWVQNTDRGTVQGQLQGPISKVR
HMQEWLETRGSPKSHIDKANFNNEKVILKLDYSDFQIVK
Enzyme 39 Number of Residues 99
Enzyme 39 Molecular Weight 11261
Enzyme 39 Theoretical pI 9.94
Enzyme 39 GO Classification
Function
  • acylphosphatase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides
Process
Component
Enzyme 39 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 39 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 39 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 39 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 39 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 39 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 39 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 39 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 39 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 39 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B2R590 Link Image
Enzyme 39 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B2R590_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 39 PDB ID 2ACY Link Image
Enzyme 39 PDB File Show
Enzyme 39 3D Structure
Enzyme 39 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 39 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 39 GenBank Gene ID AK312101 Link Image
Enzyme 39 GeneCard ID B2R590 Link Image
Enzyme 39 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 39 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 39 Chromosome Location 14
Enzyme 39 Locus 14q24.3
Enzyme 39 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 39 General References Not Available
Enzyme 39 Metabolite References Not Available