1. NH3
2. NH(3)
3. Ammoniaca [italian]
4. Am-fol
5. Tertiaeres amin
6. Liquid ammonia
7. Nitro-sil
8. Amoniak [polish]
9. Ammonia inhalant
10. Ammoniak [german]
11. Ammonia solution strong (NF)
12. Ammonia gas
13. Anhydrous ammonia
14. Ammonia anhydrous
15. Ammonia (conc 20% or greater)
16. Aromatic ammonia vaporole
17. Ammoniacum gummi
18. Primaeres amin
19. Ammonium ion
20. Sekundaeres amin
21. Ammoniak
22. Ammoniakgas
23. Ammonia solution
24. Ammonia water
25. Azane
26. Ammonia solution strong [usan]
27. Spirit of hartshorn
28. Ammonia water (JP15)
29. Ammoniac [french]
30. Ammoniak kconzentrierter
31. Ammonia

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• Cytoplasm

• Blood
• Cellular Cytoplasm
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Urine

• 246450 (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency)
• 210200 (3-methyl-crotonyl-glycinuria)
• 207900 (Argininosuccinic aciduria)
• 215700 (Citrullinemia type I)
• 606812 (Fumarase deficiency)

1. Yoshida Y, Higashi T, Nouso K, Nakatsukasa H, Nakamura SI, Watanabe A, Tsuji T: Effects of zinc deficiency/zinc supplementation on ammonia metabolism in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Acta Med Okayama. 2001 Dec;55(6):349-55. [PubMed ]
2. Huizenga JR, Teelken AW, Tangerman A, de Jager AE, Gips CH, Jansen PL: Determination of ammonia in cerebrospinal fluid using the indophenol direct method. Mol Chem Neuropathol. 1998 Jun-Aug;34(2-3):169-77. [PubMed ]
3. Cohen BI: The significance of ammonia/gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ratio for normality and liver disorders. Med Hypotheses. 2002 Dec;59(6):757-8. [PubMed ]
4. Kochar DK, Agarwal P, Kochar SK, Jain R, Rawat N, Pokharna RK, Kachhawa S, Srivastava T: Hepatocyte dysfunction and hepatic encephalopathy in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. QJM. 2003 Jul;96(7):505-12. [PubMed ]
5. Zupke C, Sinskey AJ, Stephanopoulos G: Intracellular flux analysis applied to the effect of dissolved oxygen on hybridomas. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1995 Dec;44(1-2):27-36. [PubMed ]
6. Cooper AJ: Role of glutamine in cerebral nitrogen metabolism and ammonia neurotoxicity. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2001;7(4):280-6. [PubMed ]
7. Remer T: Influence of nutrition on acid-base balance--metabolic aspects. Eur J Nutr. 2001 Oct;40(5):214-20. [PubMed ]
8. Kaiho T, Tanaka T, Tsuchiya S, Yanagisawa S, Takeuchi O, Miura M, Saigusa N, Miyazaki M: Effect of the herbal medicine Dai-kenchu-to for serum ammonia in hepatectomized patients. Hepatogastroenterology. 2005 Jan-Feb;52(61):161-5. [PubMed ]
9. Nybo L, Dalsgaard MK, Steensberg A, Moller K, Secher NH: Cerebral ammonia uptake and accumulation during prolonged exercise in humans. J Physiol. 2005 Feb 15;563(Pt 1):285-90. Epub 2004 Dec 20. [PubMed ]
10. Huizenga JR, Vissink A, Kuipers EJ, Gips CH: Helicobacter pylori and ammonia concentrations of whole, parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva. Clin Oral Investig. 1999 Jun;3(2):84-7. [PubMed ]
11. Satoh M, Yokoya S, Hachiya Y, Hachiya M, Fujisawa T, Hoshino K, Saji T: Two hyperandrogenic adolescent girls with congenital portosystemic shunt. Eur J Pediatr. 2001 May;160(5):307-11. [PubMed ]
12. Suarez I, Bodega G, Fernandez B: Glutamine synthetase in brain: effect of ammonia. Neurochem Int. 2002 Aug-Sep;41(2-3):123-42. [PubMed ]
13. Helewski K, Kowalczyk-Ziomek G, Konecki J: [Ammonia and GABA-ergic neurotransmission in pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy] Wiad Lek. 2003;56(11-12):560-3. [PubMed ]
14. Grasten SM, Juntunen KS, Poutanen KS, Gylling HK, Miettinen TA, Mykkanen HM: Rye bread improves bowel function and decreases the concentrations of some compounds that are putative colon cancer risk markers in middle-aged women and men. J Nutr. 2000 Sep;130(9):2215-21. [PubMed ]
15. Pita AM, Wakabayashi Y, Fernandez-Bustos MA, Virgili N, Riudor E, Soler J, Farriol M: Plasma urea-cycle-related amino acids, ammonium levels, and urinary orotic acid excretion in short-bowel patients managed with an oral diet. Clin Nutr. 2003 Feb;22(1):93-8. [PubMed ]
16. Geier M, Bosch OJ, Boeckh J: Ammonia as an attractive component of host odour for the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Chem Senses. 1999 Dec;24(6):647-53. [PubMed ]
17. Iwata H, Ueda Y: Pharmacokinetic considerations in development of a bioartificial liver. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2004;43(4):211-25. [PubMed ]
18. Ohmoto K, Miyake I, Tsuduki M, Ohno S, Yamamoto S: Control of solitary gastric fundal varices and portosystemic encephalopathy accompanying liver cirrhosis by balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO): a case report. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999 Mar-Apr;46(26):1249-52. [PubMed ]
19. Verrotti A, Greco R, Morgese G, Chiarelli F: Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia in children receiving valproic acid with and without other anticonvulsant drugs. Int J Clin Lab Res. 1999;29(1):36-40. [PubMed ]
20. Hussein HS, Flickinger EA, Fahey GC Jr: Petfood applications of inulin and oligofructose. J Nutr. 1999 Jul;129(7 Suppl):1454S-6S. [PubMed ]
21. Wikipedia

1. Deoxycytidylate deaminase
2. Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
3. Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
4. D-amino-acid oxidase
5. Glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase 1
6. Porphobilinogen deaminase
7. Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase [ammonia], mitochondrial
8. Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]
9. Membrane primary amine oxidase
10. Retina-specific copper amine oxidase
11. Cystathionine gamma-lyase
12. Cytidine deaminase
13. Beta-ureidopropionase
14. Biotinidase
15. AMP deaminase 2
16. AMP deaminase 1
17. Adenosine deaminase
18. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E
19. Glutamate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial
20. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2
21. L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase
22. Coagulation factor XIII A chain
23. Protein-arginine deiminase type-4
24. Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase
25. Glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial
26. CTP synthase 1
27. Protein-arginine deiminase type-3
28. GMP reductase 2
29. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 5
30. Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial
31. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 4
32. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase K
33. Histidine ammonia-lyase
34. Protein-arginine deiminase type-2
35. GMP reductase 1
36. Formimidoyltransferase-cyclodeaminase
37. Aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial
38. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 6
39. Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase
40. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase Z
41. Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial
42. Protein-lysine 6-oxidase
43. Ammonium transporter Rh type A
44. Glutaminase 2 (Liver, mitochondrial), isoform CRA_b
45. AID
46. OTTHUMP00000017001
47. CAD protein
48. L-asparaginase
49. CTP synthase 2
50. UPB1 protein
51. cDNA FLJ75824, highly similar to Homo sapiens serine dehydratase
52. Guanine monphosphate synthetase, isoform CRA_b
53. Glutamine synthetase
54. cDNA FLJ76077, highly similar to Homo sapiens hydroxymethylbilane synthase
55. DCMP deaminase
56. Adenosine monophosphate deaminase (Isoform E)
57. Peptidyl arginine deiminase, type I
58. Peptidyl arginine deiminase-like protein
59. Guanine deaminase (Guanine deaminase, isoform CRA_b)
60. Glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase 2
61. cDNA, FLJ93072, Homo sapiens monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA (Monoamine oxidase B, isoform CRA_a)
62. cDNA, FLJ93758, Homo sapiens biotinidase (BTD), mRNA (Biotinidase, isoform CRA_a)
63. cDNA, FLJ93456, highly similar to Homo sapiens D-amino-acid oxidase (DAO), mRNA (D-amino-acid oxidase, isoform CRA_c)
64. cDNA FLJ34575 fis, clone KIDNE2008362, highly similar to Homo sapiens asparaginase like 1 (ASRGL1), mRNA
65. cDNA FLJ43342 fis, clone NT2RI3007978, highly similar to CTP synthase 2 (EC 6.3.4.2)
66. Ammonium transporter Rh type C
67. Ammonium transporter Rh type B

1. dCMP deaminase

MSEVSCKKRDDYLEWPEYFMAVAFLSAQRSKDPNSQVGACIVNSENKIVGIGYNGMPNGC
SDDVLPWRRTAENKLDTKYPYVCHAELNAIMNKNSTDVKGCSMYVALFPCNECAKLIIQA
GIKEVIFMSDKYHDSDEATAARLLFNMAGVTFRKFIPKCSKIVIDFDSINSRPSQKLQ

• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )
• Type II secretion system (map03090 )

• dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 [RN:R01663]

• dCMP_cyt_deam_1 (PF00383 )

• None

• None

ATGAGTGAAGTTTCCTGCAAGAAACGGGACGACTATTTGGAATGGCCAGAGTATTTTATG
GCTGTGGCCTTCTTATCAGCACAGAGAAGCAAAGATCCAAATTCCCAGGTCGGCGCCTGC
ATCGTGAATTCAGAAAACAAGATTGTCGGGATTGGGTACAATGGGATGCCAAATGGGTGC
AGTGATGACGTGTTGCCTTGGAGAAGGACAGCAGAGAATAAGCTGGACACCAAATACCCG
TACGTGTGCCATGCGGAGCTGAATGCCATCATGAACAAAAATTCGACCGATGTGAAAGGC
TGTAGTATGTATGTTGCCTTGTTCCCTTGTAATGAATGCGCTAAGCTCATCATCCAGGCA
GGTATAAAAGAAGTGATTTTCATGTCTGATAAATACCATGATAGTGACGAGGCAACTGCT
GCGAGGCTCCTGTTTAATATGGCCGGGGTGACATTCCGGAAATTCATACCGAAGTGCAGC
AAGATTGTCATTGACTTTGATTCAATTAACAGCAGACCGAGTCAAAAGCTTCAGTGA

1. Weiner KX, Weiner RS, Maley F, Maley GF: Primary structure of human deoxycytidylate deaminase and overexpression of its functional protein in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jun 15;268(17):12983-9. [PubMed ]
2. Weiner KX, Ciesla J, Jaffe AB, Ketring R, Maley F, Maley GF: Chromosomal location and structural organization of the human deoxycytidylate deaminase gene. J Biol Chem. 1995 Aug 11;270(32):18727-9. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]

1. Monoamine oxidase type B
2. MAO-B

MSNKCDVVVVGGGISGMAAAKLLHDSGLNVVVLEARDRVGGRTYTLRNQKVKYVDLGGSY
VGPTQNRILRLAKELGLETYKVNEVERLIHHVKGKSYPFRGPFPPVWNPITYLDHNNFWR
TMDDMGREIPSDAPWKAPLAEEWDNMTMKELLDKLCWTESAKQLATLFVNLCVTAETHEV
SALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIISTTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDRVKLERPVIYIDQ
TRENVLVETLNHEMYEAKYVISAIPPTLGMKIHFNPPLPMMRNQMITRVPLGSVIKCIVY
YKEPFWRKKDYCGTMIIDGEEAPVAYTLDDTKPEGNYAAIMGFILAHKARKLARLTKEER
LKKLCELYAKVLGSLEALEPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTTYFPPGILTQYGRVLRQPVDR
IYFAGTETATHWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREILHAMGKIPEDEIWQSEPESVDVPAQPITTT
FLERHLPSVPGLLRLIGLTTIFSATALGFLAHKRGLLVRV

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )
• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )
• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )

• RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2 [RN:R01853]

• Amino_oxidase (PF01593 )

• None

• 490-516

ATGAGCAACAAATGCGACGTGGTCGTGGTGGGGGGCGGCATCTCAGGTATGGCAGCAGCC
AAACTTCTGCATGACTCTGGACTGAATGTGGTTGTTCTGGAAGCCCGGGACCGTGTGGGA
GGCAGGACTTACACTCTTAGGAACCAAAAGGTTAAATATGTGGACCTTGGAGGATCCTAT
GTTGGACCAACCCAGAATCGTATCTTGAGATTAGCCAAGGAGCTAGGATTGGAGACCTAC
AAAGTGAATGAGGTTGAGCGTCTGATCCACCATGTAAAGGGCAAATCATACCCCTTCAGG
GGGCCATTCCCACCTGTATGGAATCCAATTACCTACTTAGATCATAACAACTTTTGGAGG
ACAATGGATGACATGGGGCGAGAGATTCCGAGTGATGCCCCATGGAAGGCTCCCCTTGCA
GAAGAGTGGGACAACATGACAATGAAGGAGCTACTGGACAAGCTCTGCTGGACTGAATCT
GCAAAGCAGCTTGCCACTCTCTTTGTGAACCTGTGTGTCACTGCAGAGACCCATGAGGTC
TCTGCTCTCTGGTTCCTGTGGTATGTGAAGCAGTGTGGAGGCACAACAAGAATCATCTCG
ACAACAAATGGAGGACAGGAGAGGAAATTTGTGGGCGGATCTGGTCAAGTGAGTGAGCGG
ATAATGGACCTCCTTGGAGACCGAGTGAAGCTGGAGAGGCCTGTGATCTACATTGACCAG
ACAAGAGAAAATGTCCTTGTGGAGACCCTAAACCATGAGATGTATGAGGCTAAATATGTG
ATTAGTGCTATTCCTCCTACTCTGGGCATGAAGATTCACTTCAATCCCCCTCTGCCAATG
ATGAGAAACCAGATGATCACTCGTGTGCCTTTGGGTTCAGTCATCAAGTGTATAGTTTAT
TATAAAGAGCCTTTCTGGAGGAAAAAGGATTACTGTGGAACCATGATTATTGATGGAGAA
GAAGCTCCAGTTGCCTACACGTTGGATGATACCAAACCTGAAGGCAACTATGCTGCCATA
ATGGGATTTATCCTGGCCCACAAAGCCAGAAAACTGGCACGTCTTACCAAAGAGGAAAGG
TTGAAGAAACTTTGTGAACTCTATGCCAAGGTTCTGGGTTCCCTAGAAGCTCTGGAGCCA
GTGCATTATGAAGAAAAGAACTGGTGTGAGGAGCAGTACTCTGGGGGCTGCTACACAACT
TATTTCCCCCCTGGGATCCTGACTCAATATGGAAGGGTTCTACGCCAGCCAGTGGACAGG
ATTTACTTTGCAGGCACCGAGACTGCCACACACTGGAGCGGCTACATGGAGGGGGCTGTA
GAGGCCGGGGAGAGAGCAGCCCGAGAGATCCTGCATGCCATGGGGAAGATTCCAGAGGAT
GAAATCTGGCAGTCAGAACCAGAGTCTGTGGATGTCCCTGCACAGCCCATCACCACCACC
TTTTTGGAGAGACATTTGCCCTCCGTGCCAGGCCTGCTCAGGCTGATTGGATTGACCACC
ATCTTTTCAGCAACGGCTCTTGGCTTCCTGGCCCACAAAAGGGGGCTACTTGTGAGAGTC

1. Grimsby J, Chen K, Wang LJ, Lan NC, Shih JC: Human monoamine oxidase A and B genes exhibit identical exon-intron organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 1;88(9):3637-41. [PubMed ]
2. Bach AW, Lan NC, Johnson DL, Abell CW, Bembenek ME, Kwan SW, Seeburg PH, Shih JC: cDNA cloning of human liver monoamine oxidase A and B: molecular basis of differences in enzymatic properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4934-8. [PubMed ]
3. Chen K, Wu HF, Shih JC: The deduced amino acid sequences of human platelet and frontal cortex monoamine oxidase B are identical. J Neurochem. 1993 Jul;61(1):187-90. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, Scherer S, McLay K, Muzny D, Platzer M, Howell GR, Burrows C, Bird CP, Frankish A, Lovell FL, Howe KL, Ashurst JL, Fulton RS, Sudbrak R, Wen G, Jones MC, Hurles ME, Andrews TD, Scott CE, Searle S, Ramser J, Whittaker A, Deadman R, Carter NP, Hunt SE, Chen R, Cree A, Gunaratne P, Havlak P, Hodgson A, Metzker ML, Richards S, Scott G, Steffen D, Sodergren E, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Ainscough R, Ambrose KD, Ansari-Lari MA, Aradhya S, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Ballabio A, Banerjee R, Barker GE, Barlow KF, Barrett IP, Bates KN, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Beck A, Bethel G, Blechschmidt K, Brady N, Bray-Allen S, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Brown MJ, Bonnin D, Bruford EA, Buhay C, Burch P, Burford D, Burgess J, Burrill W, Burton J, Bye JM, Carder C, Carrel L, Chako J, Chapman JC, Chavez D, Chen E, Chen G, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chinault C, Ciccodicola A, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Clifford K, Cobley V, Cole CG, Conquer JS, Corby N, Connor RE, David R, Davies J, Davis C, Davis J, Delgado O, Deshazo D, Dhami P, Ding Y, Dinh H, Dodsworth S, Draper H, Dugan-Rocha S, Dunham A, Dunn M, Durbin KJ, Dutta I, Eades T, Ellwood M, Emery-Cohen A, Errington H, Evans KL, Faulkner L, Francis F, Frankland J, Fraser AE, Galgoczy P, Gilbert J, Gill R, Glockner G, Gregory SG, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gu Y, Gwilliam R, Hamilton C, Hart EA, Hawes A, Heath PD, Heitmann K, Hennig S, Hernandez J, Hinzmann B, Ho S, Hoffs M, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hume J, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Isherwood J, Jacob L, Johnson D, Jones S, de Jong PJ, Joseph SS, Keenan S, Kelly S, Kershaw JK, Khan Z, Kioschis P, Klages S, Knights AJ, Kosiura A, Kovar-Smith C, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leversha M, Lewis L, Liu W, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loulseged H, Loveland JE, Lovell JD, Lozado R, Lu J, Lyne R, Ma J, Maheshwari M, Matthews LH, McDowall J, McLaren S, McMurray A, Meidl P, Meitinger T, Milne S, Miner G, Mistry SL, Morgan M, Morris S, Muller I, Mullikin JC, Nguyen N, Nordsiek G, Nyakatura G, O'Dell CN, Okwuonu G, Palmer S, Pandian R, Parker D, Parrish J, Pasternak S, Patel D, Pearce AV, Pearson DM, Pelan SE, Perez L, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Reichwald K, Rhodes S, Ridler KA, Schlessinger D, Schueler MG, Sehra HK, Shaw-Smith C, Shen H, Sheridan EM, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Sotheran EC, Steingruber HE, Steward CA, Storey R, Swann RM, Swarbreck D, Tabor PE, Taudien S, Taylor T, Teague B, Thomas K, Thorpe A, Timms K, Tracey A, Trevanion S, Tromans AC, d'Urso M, Verduzco D, Villasana D, Waldron L, Wall M, Wang Q, Warren J, Warry GL, Wei X, West A, Whitehead SL, Whiteley MN, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams G, Williams L, Williamson A, Williamson H, Wilming L, Woodmansey RL, Wray PW, Yen J, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zoghbi H, Zorilla S, Buck D, Reinhardt R, Poustka A, Rosenthal A, Lehrach H, Meindl A, Minx PJ, Hillier LW, Willard HF, Wilson RK, Waterston RH, Rice CM, Vaudin M, Coulson A, Nelson DL, Weinstock G, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Gibbs RA, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature. 2005 Mar 17;434(7031):325-37. [PubMed ]
6. Zhu QS, Grimsby J, Chen K, Shih JC: Promoter organization and activity of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B genes. J Neurosci. 1992 Nov;12(11):4437-46. [PubMed ]
7. Newton-Vinson P, Hubalek F, Edmondson DE: High-level expression of human liver monoamine oxidase B in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif. 2000 Nov;20(2):334-45. [PubMed ]
8. Cesura AM, Gottowik J, Lahm HW, Lang G, Imhof R, Malherbe P, Rothlisberger U, Da Prada M: Investigation on the structure of the active site of monoamine oxidase-B by affinity labeling with the selective inhibitor lazabemide and by site-directed mutagenesis. Eur J Biochem. 1996 Mar 15;236(3):996-1002. [PubMed ]
9. Wu HF, Chen K, Shih JC: Site-directed mutagenesis of monoamine oxidase A and B: role of cysteines. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):888-93. [PubMed ]
10. Binda C, Newton-Vinson P, Hubalek F, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Structure of human monoamine oxidase B, a drug target for the treatment of neurological disorders. Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Jan;9(1):22-6. [PubMed ]
11. Binda C, Li M, Hubalek F, Restelli N, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Insights into the mode of inhibition of human mitochondrial monoamine oxidase B from high-resolution crystal structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 19;100(17):9750-5. Epub 2003 Aug 11. [PubMed ]
12. Binda C, Hubalek F, Li M, Herzig Y, Sterling J, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Crystal structures of monoamine oxidase B in complex with four inhibitors of the N-propargylaminoindan class. J Med Chem. 2004 Mar 25;47(7):1767-74. [PubMed ]
13. Hubalek F, Binda C, Khalil A, Li M, Mattevi A, Castagnoli N, Edmondson DE: Demonstration of isoleucine 199 as a structural determinant for the selective inhibition of human monoamine oxidase B by specific reversible inhibitors. J Biol Chem. 2005 Apr 22;280(16):15761-6. Epub 2005 Feb 14. [PubMed ]
14. Binda C, Hubalek F, Li M, Herzig Y, Sterling J, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Binding of rasagiline-related inhibitors to human monoamine oxidases: a kinetic and crystallographic analysis. J Med Chem. 2005 Dec 29;48(26):8148-54. [PubMed ]

1. Monoamine oxidase type A
2. MAO-A

MENQEKASIAGHMFDVVVIGGGISGLSAAKLLTEYGVSVLVLEARDRVGGRTYTIRNEHV
DYVDVGGAYVGPTQNRILRLSKELGIETYKVNVSERLVQYVKGKTYPFRGAFPPVWNPIA
YLDYNNLWRTIDNMGKEIPTDAPWEAQHADKWDKMTMKELIDKICWTKTARRFAYLFVNI
NVTSEPHEVSALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIFSVTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDQVKL
NHPVTHVDQSSDNIIIETLNHEHYECKYVINAIPPTLTAKIHFRPELPAERNQLIQRLPM
GAVIKCMMYYKEAFWKKKDYCGCMIIEDEDAPISITLDDTKPDGSLPAIMGFILARKADR
LAKLHKEIRKKKICELYAKVLGSQEALHPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTAYFPPGIMTQYG
RVIRQPVGRIFFAGTETATKWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREVLNGLGKVTEKDIWVQEPESKD
VPAVEITHTFWERNLPSVSGLLKIIGFSTSVTALGFVLYKYKLLPRS

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )
• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )
• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )

• RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2 [RN:R01853]

• Amino_oxidase (PF01593 )

• None

• 498-518

ATGGAGAATCAAGAGAAGGCGAGTATCGCGGGCCACATGTTCGACGTAGTCGTGATCGGA
GGTGGCATTTCAGGACTATCTGCTGCCAAACTCTTGACTGAATATGGCGTTAGTGTTTTG
GTTTTAGAAGCTCGGGACAGGGTTGGAGGAAGAACATATACTATAAGGAATGAGCATGTT
GATTACGTAGATGTTGGTGGAGCTTATGTGGGACCAACCCAAAACAGAATCTTACGCTTG
TCTAAGGAGCTGGGCATAGAGACTTACAAAGTGAATGTCAGTGAGCGTCTCGTTCAATAT
GTCAAGGGGAAAACATATCCATTTCGGGGCGCCTTTCCACCAGTATGGAATCCCATTGCA
TATTTGGATTACAATAATCTGTGGAGGACAATAGATAACATGGGGAAGGAGATTCCAACT
GATGCACCCTGGGAGGCTCAACATGCTGACAAATGGGACAAAATGACCATGAAAGAGCTC
ATTGACAAAATCTGCTGGACAAAGACTGCTAGGCGGTTTGCTTATCTTTTTGTGAATATC
AATGTGACCTCTGAGCCTCACGAAGTGTCTGCCCTGTGGTTCTTGTGGTATGTGAAGCAG
TGCGGGGGCACCACTCGGATATTCTCTGTCACCAATGGTGGCCAGGAACGGAAGTTTGTA
GGTGGATCTGGTCAAGTGAGCGAACGGATAATGGACCTCCTCGGAGACCAAGTGAAGCTG
AACCATCCTGTCACTCACGTTGACCAGTCAAGTGACAACATCATCATAGAGACGCTGAAC
CATGAACATTATGAGTGCAAATACGTAATTAATGCGATCCCTCCGACCTTGACTGCCAAG
ATTCACTTCAGACCAGAGCTTCCAGCAGAGAGAAACCAGTTAATTCAGCGTCTTCCAATG
GGAGCTGTCATTAAGTGCATGATGTATTACAAGGAGGCCTTCTGGAAGAAGAAGGATTAC
TGTGGCTGCATGATCATTGAAGATGAAGATGCTCCAATTTCAATAACCTTGGATGACACC
AAGCCAGATGGGTCACTGCCTGCCATCATGGGCTTCATTCTTGCCCGGAAAGCTGATCGA
CTTGCTAAGCTACATAAGGAAATAAGGAAGAAGAAAATCTGTGAGCTCTATGCCAAAGTG
CTGGGATCCCAAGAAGCTTTACATCCAGTGCATTATGAAGAGAAGAACTGGTGTGAGGAG
CAGTACTCTGGGGGCTGCTACACGGCCTACTTCCCTCCTGGGATCATGACTCAATATGGA
AGGGTGATTCGTCAACCCGTGGGCAGGATTTTCTTTGCGGGCACAGAGACTGCCACAAAG
TGGAGCGGCTACATGGAAGGGGCAGTTGAGGCTGGAGAACGAGCAGCTAGGGAGGTCTTA
AATGGTCTCGGGAAGGTGACCGAGAAAGACATCTGGGTACAAGAACCTGAATCAAAGGAC
GTTCCAGCGGTAGAAATCACCCACACCTTCTGGGAAAGGAACCTGCCCTCTGTTTCTGGC
CTGCTGAAGATCATTGGATTTTCCACATCAGTAACTGCCCTGGGGTTTGTGCTGTACAAA
TACAAGCTCCTGCCACGGTCTTGA

1. Hsu YP, Weyler W, Chen S, Sims KB, Rinehart WB, Utterback MC, Powell JF, Breakefield XO: Structural features of human monoamine oxidase A elucidated from cDNA and peptide sequences. J Neurochem. 1988 Oct;51(4):1321-4. [PubMed ]
2. Bach AW, Lan NC, Johnson DL, Abell CW, Bembenek ME, Kwan SW, Seeburg PH, Shih JC: cDNA cloning of human liver monoamine oxidase A and B: molecular basis of differences in enzymatic properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4934-8. [PubMed ]
3. Chen ZY, Hotamisligil GS, Huang JK, Wen L, Ezzeddine D, Aydin-Muderrisoglu N, Powell JF, Huang RH, Breakefield XO, Craig I, et al.: Structure of the human gene for monoamine oxidase type A. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Aug 25;19(16):4537-41. [PubMed ]
4. Grimsby J, Chen K, Wang LJ, Lan NC, Shih JC: Human monoamine oxidase A and B genes exhibit identical exon-intron organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 1;88(9):3637-41. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Zhu QS, Grimsby J, Chen K, Shih JC: Promoter organization and activity of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B genes. J Neurosci. 1992 Nov;12(11):4437-46. [PubMed ]
7. Denney RM: The promoter of the human monoamine oxidase A gene. Prog Brain Res. 1995;106:57-66. [PubMed ]
8. Denney RM, Sharma A, Dave SK, Waguespack A: A new look at the promoter of the human monoamine oxidase A gene: mapping transcription initiation sites and capacity to drive luciferase expression. J Neurochem. 1994 Sep;63(3):843-56. [PubMed ]
9. Chen SA, Weyler W: Partial amino acid sequence analysis of human placenta monoamine oxidase A and bovine liver monoamine oxidase B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Oct 14;156(1):445-50. [PubMed ]
10. Weyler W: Monoamine oxidase A from human placenta and monoamine oxidase B from bovine liver both have one FAD per subunit. Biochem J. 1989 Jun 15;260(3):725-9. [PubMed ]
11. Li M, Hubalek F, Newton-Vinson P, Edmondson DE: High-level expression of human liver monoamine oxidase A in Pichia pastoris: comparison with the enzyme expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Protein Expr Purif. 2002 Feb;24(1):152-62. [PubMed ]
12. Wu HF, Chen K, Shih JC: Site-directed mutagenesis of monoamine oxidase A and B: role of cysteines. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):888-93. [PubMed ]
13. De Colibus L, Li M, Binda C, Lustig A, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Three-dimensional structure of human monoamine oxidase A (MAO A): relation to the structures of rat MAO A and human MAO B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Sep 6;102(36):12684-9. Epub 2005 Aug 29. [PubMed ]
14. Brunner HG, Nelen M, Breakefield XO, Ropers HH, van Oost BA: Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A. Science. 1993 Oct 22;262(5133):578-80. [PubMed ]
15. Son SY, Ma J, Kondou Y, Yoshimura M, Yamashita E, Tsukihara T: Structure of human monoamine oxidase A at 2.2-A resolution: the control of opening the entry for substrates/inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr 15;105(15):5739-44. Epub 2008 Apr 7. [PubMed ]
16. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. DAAO
2. DAMOX
3. DAO

MRVVVIGAGVIGLSTALCIHERYHSVLQPLDIKVYADRFTPLTTTDVAAGLWQPYLSDPN
NPQEADWSQQTFDYLLSHVHSPNAENLGLFLISGYNLFHEAIPDPSWKDTVLGFRKLTPR
ELDMFPDYGYGWFHTSLILEGKNYLQWLTERLTERGVKFFQRKVESFEEVAREGADVIVN
CTGVWAGALQRDPLLQPGRGQIMKVDAPWMKHFILTHDPERGIYNSPYIIPGTQTVTLGG
IFQLGNWSELNNIQDHNTIWEGCCRLEPTLKNARIIGERTGFRPVRPQIRLEREQLRTGP
SNTEVIHNYGHGGYGLTIHWGCALEAAKLFGRILEEKKLSRMPPSHL

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• D-Arginine and D-ornithine Metabolism (map00472 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )

• a D-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R01340]

• DAO (PF01266 )

• None

• None

ATGCGTGTGGTGGTGATTGGAGCAGGAGTCATCGGGCTGTCCACCGCCCTCTGCATCCAT
GAGCGCTACCACTCAGTCCTGCAGCCACTGCACATAAAGGTCTACGCGGACCGCTTCACC
CCACTCACCACCACCGACGTGGCTGCCGGCCTCTGGCAGCCCTACCTTTCTGACCCCAAC
AACCCACAGGAGGCGGACTGGAGCCAACAGACCTTTGACTATCTCCTGAGCCATGTCCAT
TCTCCCAACGCTGAAAACCTGGGCCTGTTCCTAATCTCGGGCTACAACCTCTTCCATGAA
GCCATTCCGGACCCTTCCTGGAAGGACACAGTTCTGGGATTTCGGAAGCTGACCCCCAGA
GAGCTGGATATGTTCCCAGATTACGGCTATGGCTGGTTCCACACAAGCCTAATTCTGGAG
GGAAAGAACTATCTACAGTGGCTGACTGAAAGGTTAACTGAGAGGGGAGTGAAGTTCTTC
CAGCGGAAAGTGGAGTCTTTTGAGGAGGTGGCAAGAGAAGGCGCAGACGTGATTGTCAAC
TGCACTGGGGTATGGGCTGGGGCGCTACAACGAGACCCCCTGCTGCAGCCAGGCCGGGGG
CAGATCATGAAGGTGGACGCCCCTTGGATGAAGCACTTCATTCTCACCCATGACCCAGAG
AGAGGCATCTACAATTCCCCGTACATCATCCCAGGGACCCAGACAGTTACTCTTGGAGGC
ATCTTCCAGTTGGGAAACTGGAGTGAACTAAACAATATCCAGGACCACAACACCATTTGG
GAAGGCTGCTGCAGACTGGAGCCCACACTGAAGAATGCAAGAATTATTGGTGAAGCAACT
GGCTTCCGGCCAGTACGCCCCCAGATTCGGCTAGAAAGAGAACAGCTTCGCACTGGACCT
TCAAACACAGAGGTCATCCACAACTATGGCCATGGAGGCTACGGGCTCACCATCCACTGG
GGATGTGCCCTGGAGGCAGCCAAGCTCTTTGGGAGAATCCTGGAAGAAAAGAAATTGTCC
AGAATGCCACCATCCCACCTCTGA

1. Momoi K, Fukui K, Watanabe F, Miyake Y: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding human kidney D-amino acid oxidase. FEBS Lett. 1988 Sep 26;238(1):180-4. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Fukui K, Miyake Y: Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of a human gene encoding D-amino-acid oxidase. J Biol Chem. 1992 Sep 15;267(26):18631-8. [PubMed ]
5. Kawazoe T, Tsuge H, Pilone MS, Fukui K: Crystal structure of human D-amino acid oxidase: context-dependent variability of the backbone conformation of the VAAGL hydrophobic stretch located at the si-face of the flavin ring. Protein Sci. 2006 Dec;15(12):2708-17. Epub 2006 Nov 6. [PubMed ]
6. Kawazoe T, Tsuge H, Imagawa T, Aki K, Kuramitsu S, Fukui K: Structural basis of D-DOPA oxidation by D-amino acid oxidase: alternative pathway for dopamine biosynthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Apr 6;355(2):385-91. Epub 2007 Feb 8. [PubMed ]
7. Sparey T, Abeywickrema P, Almond S, Brandon N, Byrne N, Campbell A, Hutson PH, Jacobson M, Jones B, Munshi S, Pascarella D, Pike A, Prasad GS, Sachs N, Sakatis M, Sardana V, Venkatraman S, Young MB: The discovery of fused pyrrole carboxylic acids as novel, potent D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Jun 1;18(11):3386-91. Epub 2008 Apr 13. [PubMed ]

1. Glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 1
2. GNPDA 1
3. GlcN6P deaminase 1
4. Oscillin

MKLIILEHYSQASEWAAKYIRNRIIQFNPGPEKYFTLGLPTGSTPLGCYKKLIEYYKNGD
LSFKYVKTFNMDEYVGLPRDHPESYHSFMWNNFFKHIDIHPENTHILDGNAVDLQAECDA
FEEKIKAAGGIELFVGGIGPDGHIAFNEPGSSLVSRTRVKTLAMDTILANARFFDGELTK
VPTMALTVGVGTVMDAREVMILITGAHKAFALYKAIEEGVNHMWTVSAFQQHPRTVFVCD
EDATLELKVKTVKYFKGLMLVHNKLVDPLYSIKEKETEKSQSSKKPYSD

• Aminosugars metabolism (map00530 )

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-fructose 6-phosphate + NH3 [RN:R00765]

• Glucosamine_iso (PF01182 )

• None

• None

ATGAAGCTCATCATCCTGGAGCACTATTCTCAGGCGAGCGAGTGGGCGGCTAAATACATC
AGGAACCGTATCATCCAGTTTAACCCAGGGCCAGAGAAGTACTTCACCCTGGGGCTCCCC
ACTGGGAGTACCCCACTTGGCTGCTACAAGAAGCTGATTGAATACTATAAGAATGGGGAC
CTGTCCTTTAAATATGTGAAGACCTTCAACATGGATGAGTACGTGGGCCTTCCTCGAGAC
CACCCGGAGAGTTACCACTCCTTCATGTGGAACAACTTCTTCAAGCACATTGACATCCAC
CCAGAAAACACCCACATTCTGGATGGGAATGCAGTCGACCTACAGGCAGAATGTGATGCC
TTTGAAGAGAAGATCAAGGCTGCAGGTGGGATCGAGCTATTTGTTGGAGGCATCGGCCCT
GATGGACACATTGCCTTCAACGAGCCAGGCTCCAGTCTGGTGTCCAGGACCCGTGTGAAG
ACGCTGGCCATGGATACCATCCTGGCCAATGCTAGGTTCTTCGATGGAGAACTCACCAAG
GTGCCCACCATGGCCTTGACGGTGGGGGTGGGCACTGTCATGGATGCTAGAGAGGTGATG
ATCCTTATCACAGGTGCTCACAAGGCATTTGCTCTGTACAAGGCCATCGAGGAGGGAGTG
AACCACATGTGGACCGTGTCTGCCTTCCAGCAGCATCCCCGCACCGTGTTTGTGTGTGAC
GAGGATGCCACCTTGGAGCTGAAAGTGAAGACTGTCAAGTATTTCAAAGGTTTAATGCTT
GTTCATAACAAGTTGGTGGACCCCTTGTACAGTATCAAAGAGAAAGAAACTGAGAAAAGC
CAATCTTCGAAGAAACCATACAGCGATTAG

1. Wolosker H, Kline D, Bian Y, Blackshaw S, Cameron AM, Fralich TJ, Schnaar RL, Snyder SH: Molecularly cloned mammalian glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase localizes to transporting epithelium and lacks oscillin activity. FASEB J. 1998 Jan;12(1):91-9. [PubMed ]
2. Shevchenko V, Hogben M, Ekong R, Parrington J, Lai FA: The human glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase gene: cDNA cloning and expression, genomic organization and chromosomal localization. Gene. 1998 Aug 17;216(1):31-8. [PubMed ]
3. Nomura N, Nagase T, Miyajima N, Sazuka T, Tanaka A, Sato S, Seki N, Kawarabayasi Y, Ishikawa K, Tabata S: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. II. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0041-KIAA0080) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1. DNA Res. 1994;1(5):223-9. [PubMed ]
4. Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A, Couronne O, Grimwood J, Lowry S, Gordon LA, Scott D, Xie G, Huang W, Hellsten U, Tran-Gyamfi M, She X, Prabhakar S, Aerts A, Altherr M, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chan YM, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Lopez F, Lou Y, Martinez D, Medina C, Morgan J, Nandkeshwar R, Noonan JP, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Priest J, Ramirez L, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wheeler J, Wu K, Yang J, Dickson M, Cheng JF, Eichler EE, Olsen A, Pennacchio LA, Rokhsar DS, Richardson P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5. Nature. 2004 Sep 16;431(7006):268-74. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
7. Arreola R, Valderrama B, Morante ML, Horjales E: Two mammalian glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminases: a structural and genetic study. FEBS Lett. 2003 Sep 11;551(1-3):63-70. [PubMed ]

1. PBG-D
2. Hydroxymethylbilane synthase
3. HMBS
4. Pre-uroporphyrinogen synthase

MSGNGNAAATAEENSPKMRVIRVGTRKSQLARIQTDSVVATLKASYPGLQFEIIAMSTTG
DKILDTALSKIGEKSLFTKELEHALEKNEVDLVVHSLKDLPTVLPPGFTIGAICKRENPH
DAVVFHPKFVGKTLETLPEKSVVGTSSLRRAAQLQRKFPHLEFRSIRGNLNTRLRKLDEQ
QEFSAIILATAGLQRMGWHNRVGQILHPEECMYAVGQGALGVEVRAKDQDILDLVGVLHD
PETLLRCIAERAFLRHLEGGCSVPVAVHTAMKDGQLYLTGGVWSLDGSDSIQETMQATIH
VPAQHEDGPEDDPQLVGITARNIPRGPQLAAQNLGISLANLLLSKGAKNILDVARQLNDA
H

• Porphyrin Metabolism (map00860 )

• 4 porphobilinogen + H2O = hydroxymethylbilane + 4 NH3 [RN:R00084]

• Porphobil_deam (PF01379 )
• Porphobil_deamC (PF03900 )

• None

• None

ATGTCTGGTAACGGCAATGCGGCTGCAACGGCGGAAGAAAACAGCCCAAAGATGAGAGTG
ATTCGCGTGGGTACCCGCAAGAGCCAGCTTGCTCGCATACAGACGGACAGTGTGGTGGCA
ACATTGAAAGCCTCGTACCCTGGCCTGCAGTTTGAAATCATTGCTATGTCCACCACAGGG
GACAAGATTCTTGATACTGCACTCTCTAAGATTGGAGAGAAAAGCCTGTTTACCAAGGAG
CTTGAACATGCCCTGGAGAAGAATGAAGTGGACCTGGTTGTTCACTCCTTGAAGGACCTG
CCCACTGTGCTTCCTCCTGGCTTCACCATCGGAGCCATCTGCAAGCGGGAAAACCCTCAT
GATGCTGTTGTCTTTCACCCAAAATTTGTTGGGAAGACCCTAGAAACCCTGCCAGAGAAG
AGTGTGGTGGGAACCAGCTCCCTGCGAAGAGCAGCCCAGCTGCAGAGAAAGTTCCCGCAT
CTGGAGTTCAGGAGTATTCGGGGAAACCTCAACACCCGGCTTCGGAAGCTGGACGAGCAG
CAGGAGTTCAGTGCCATCATCCTGGCAACAGCTGGCCTGCAGCGCATGGGCTGGCACAAC
CGGGTGGGGCAGATCCTGCACCCTGAGGAATGCATGTATGCTGTGGGCCAGGGGGCCTTG
GGCGTGGAAGTGCGAGCCAAGGACCAGGACATCTTGGATCTGGTGGGTGTGCTGCACGAT
CCCGAGACTCTGCTTCGCTGCATCGCTGAAAGGGCCTTCCTGAGGCACCTGGAAGGAGGC
TGCAGTGTGCCAGTAGCCGTGCATACAGCTATGAAGGATGGGCAACTGTACCTGACTGGA
GGAGTCTGGAGTCTAGACGGCTCAGATAGCATACAAGAGACCATGCAGGCTACCATCCAT
GTCCCTGCCCAGCATGAAGATGGCCCTGAGGATGACCCACAGTTGGTAGGCATCACTGCT
CGTAACATTCCACGAGGGCCCCAGTTGGCTGCCCAGAACTTGGGCATCAGCCTGGCCAAC
TTGTTGCTGAGCAAAGGAGCCAAAAACATCCTGGATGTTGCACGGCAGCTTAACGATGCC
CATTAA

1. Raich N, Romeo PH, Dubart A, Beaupain D, Cohen-Solal M, Goossens M: Molecular cloning and complete primary sequence of human erythrocyte porphobilinogen deaminase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Aug 11;14(15):5955-68. [PubMed ]
2. Grandchamp B, De Verneuil H, Beaumont C, Chretien S, Walter O, Nordmann Y: Tissue-specific expression of porphobilinogen deaminase. Two isoenzymes from a single gene. Eur J Biochem. 1987 Jan 2;162(1):105-10. [PubMed ]
3. Yoo HW, Warner CA, Chen CH, Desnick RJ: Hydroxymethylbilane synthase: complete genomic sequence and amplifiable polymorphisms in the human gene. Genomics. 1993 Jan;15(1):21-9. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Chretien S, Dubart A, Beaupain D, Raich N, Grandchamp B, Rosa J, Goossens M, Romeo PH: Alternative transcription and splicing of the human porphobilinogen deaminase gene result either in tissue-specific or in housekeeping expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):6-10. [PubMed ]
7. Lannfelt L, Wetterberg L, Lilius L, Thunell S, Jornvall H, Pavlu B, Wielburski A, Gellerfors P: Porphobilinogen deaminase in human erythrocytes: purification of two forms with apparent molecular weights of 40 kDa and 42 kDa. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1989 Nov;49(7):677-84. [PubMed ]
8. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
9. Gill R, Kolstoe SE, Mohammed F, Al D-Bass A, Mosely JE, Sarwar M, Cooper JB, Wood SP, Shoolingin-Jordan PM: Structure of human porphobilinogen deaminase at 2.8 A: the molecular basis of acute intermittent porphyria. Biochem J. 2009 Apr 28;420(1):17-25. [PubMed ]
10. Song G, Li Y, Cheng C, Zhao Y, Gao A, Zhang R, Joachimiak A, Shaw N, Liu ZJ: Structural insight into acute intermittent porphyria. FASEB J. 2009 Feb;23(2):396-404. Epub 2008 Oct 20. [PubMed ]
11. Delfau MH, Picat C, de Rooij FW, Hamer K, Bogard M, Wilson JH, Deybach JC, Nordmann Y, Grandchamp B: Two different point G to A mutations in exon 10 of the porphobilinogen deaminase gene are responsible for acute intermittent porphyria. J Clin Invest. 1990 Nov;86(5):1511-6. [PubMed ]
12. Delfau MH, Picat C, De Rooij F, Voortman G, Deybach JC, Nordmann Y, Grandchamp B: Molecular heterogeneity of acute intermittent porphyria: identification of four additional mutations resulting in the CRIM-negative subtype of the disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Aug;49(2):421-8. [PubMed ]
13. Gu XF, de Rooij F, Voortman G, Te Velde K, Nordmann Y, Grandchamp B: High frequency of mutations in exon 10 of the porphobilinogen deaminase gene in patients with a CRIM-positive subtype of acute intermittent porphyria. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Sep;51(3):660-5. [PubMed ]
14. Mgone CS, Lanyon WG, Moore MR, Connor JM: Detection of seven point mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene in patients with acute intermittent porphyria, by direct sequencing of in vitro amplified cDNA. Hum Genet. 1992 Sep-Oct;90(1-2):12-6. [PubMed ]
15. Kauppinen R, Peltonen L, Pihlaja H, Mustajoki P: CRIM-positive mutations of acute intermittent porphyria in Finland. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(5):392-6. [PubMed ]
16. Mgone CS, Lanyon WG, Moore MR, Louie GV, Connor JM: Detection of a high mutation frequency in exon 12 of the porphobilinogen deaminase gene in patients with acute intermittent porphyria. Hum Genet. 1993 Dec;92(6):619-22. [PubMed ]
17. Llewellyn DH, Whatley S, Elder GH: Acute intermittent porphyria caused by an arginine to histidine substitution (R26H) in the cofactor-binding cleft of porphobilinogen deaminase. Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Aug;2(8):1315-6. [PubMed ]
18. Gu XF, de Rooij F, de Baar E, Bruyland M, Lissens W, Nordmann Y, Grandchamp B: Two novel mutations of the porphobilinogen deaminase gene in acute intermittent porphyria. Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Oct;2(10):1735-6. [PubMed ]
19. Gu XF, de Rooij F, Voortman G, Te Velde K, Deybach JC, Nordmann Y, Grandchamp B: Detection of eleven mutations causing acute intermittent porphyria using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Hum Genet. 1994 Jan;93(1):47-52. [PubMed ]
20. Lundin G, Wedell A, Thunell S, Anvret M: Two new mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene and a screening method using PCR amplification of specific alleles. Hum Genet. 1994 Jan;93(1):59-62. [PubMed ]
21. Mgone CS, Lanyon WG, Moore MR, Louie GV, Connor JM: Identification of five novel mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 May;3(5):809-11. [PubMed ]
22. Astrin KH, Desnick RJ: Molecular basis of acute intermittent porphyria: mutations and polymorphisms in the human hydroxymethylbilane synthase gene. Hum Mutat. 1994;4(4):243-52. [PubMed ]
23. Chen CH, Astrin KH, Lee G, Anderson KE, Desnick RJ: Acute intermittent porphyria: identification and expression of exonic mutations in the hydroxymethylbilane synthase gene. An initiation codon missense mutation in the housekeeping transcript causes "variant acute intermittent porphyria" with normal expression of the erythroid-specific enzyme. J Clin Invest. 1994 Nov;94(5):1927-37. [PubMed ]
24. Kauppinen R, Mustajoki S, Pihlaja H, Peltonen L, Mustajoki P: Acute intermittent porphyria in Finland: 19 mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene. Hum Mol Genet. 1995 Feb;4(2):215-22. [PubMed ]
25. Lundin G, Hashemi J, Floderus Y, Thunell S, Sagen E, Laegreid A, Wassif W, Peters T, Anvret M: Four mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene in patients with acute intermittent porphyria. J Med Genet. 1995 Dec;32(12):979-81. [PubMed ]
26. Puy H, Deybach JC, Lamoril J, Robreau AM, Da Silva V, Gouya L, Grandchamp B, Nordmann Y: Molecular epidemiology and diagnosis of PBG deaminase gene defects in acute intermittent porphyria. Am J Hum Genet. 1997 Jun;60(6):1373-83. [PubMed ]
27. Lundin G, Lee JS, Thunell S, Anvret M: Genetic investigation of the porphobilinogen deaminase gene in Swedish acute intermittent porphyria families. Hum Genet. 1997 Jul;100(1):63-6. [PubMed ]
28. Mustajoki S, Pihlaja H, Ahola H, Petersen NE, Mustajoki P, Kauppinen R: Three splicing defects, an insertion, and two missense mutations responsible for acute intermittent porphyria. Hum Genet. 1998 May;102(5):541-8. [PubMed ]
29. Ong PM, Lanyon WG, Hift RJ, Halkett J, Cramp CE, Moore MR, Connor JM: Identification of two novel mutations in the hydroxymethylbilane synthase gene in three patients from two unrelated families with acute intermittent porphyria. Hum Hered. 1998 Jan-Feb;48(1):24-9. [PubMed ]
30. De Siervi A, Rossetti MV, Parera VE, Astrin KH, Aizencang GI, Glass IA, Batlle AM, Desnick RJ: Identification and characterization of hydroxymethylbilane synthase mutations causing acute intermittent porphyria: evidence for an ancestral founder of the common G111R mutation. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Oct 8;86(4):366-75. [PubMed ]
31. Whatley SD, Woolf JR, Elder GH: Comparison of complementary and genomic DNA sequencing for the detection of mutations in the HMBS gene in British patients with acute intermittent porphyria: identification of 25 novel mutations. Hum Genet. 1999 Jun;104(6):505-10. [PubMed ]
32. De Siervi A, Mendez M, Parera VE, Varela L, Batlle AM, Rossetti MV: Acute intermittent porphyria: characterization of two novel mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene, one amino acid deletion (453-455delAGC) and one splicing aceptor site mutation (IVS8-1G>T). Hum Mutat. 1999 Oct;14(4):355. [PubMed ]
33. Gross U, Puy H, Doss M, Robreau AM, Nordmann Y, Doss MO, Deybach JC: New mutations of the hydroxymethylbilane synthase gene in German patients with acute intermittent porphyria. Mol Cell Probes. 1999 Dec;13(6):443-7. [PubMed ]
34. Solis C, Lopez-Echaniz I, Sefarty-Graneda D, Astrin KH, Desnick RJ: Identification and expression of mutations in the hydroxymethylbilane synthase gene causing acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). Mol Med. 1999 Oct;5(10):664-71. [PubMed ]
35. Ramdall RB, Cunha L, Astrin KH, Katz DR, Anderson KE, Glucksman M, Bottomley SS, Desnick RJ: Acute intermittent porphyria: novel missense mutations in the human hydroxymethylbilane synthase gene. Genet Med. 2000 Sep-Oct;2(5):290-5. [PubMed ]
36. Robreau-Fraolini AM, Puy H, Aquaron C, Bogard C, Traore M, Nordmann Y, Aquaron R, Deybach JC: Porphobilinogen deaminase gene in African and Afro-Caribbean ethnic groups: mutations causing acute intermittent porphyria and specific intragenic polymorphisms. Hum Genet. 2000 Aug;107(2):150-9. [PubMed ]
37. Schneider-Yin X, Bogard C, Rufenacht UB, Puy H, Nordmann Y, Minder EI, Deybach J: Identification of a prevalent nonsense mutation (W283X) and two novel mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene of Swiss patients with acute intermittent porphyria. Hum Hered. 2000 Jul-Aug;50(4):247-50. [PubMed ]
38. De Siervi A, Weiss Cadiz DE, Parera VE, del C Batlle AM, Rossetti MV: Identification and characterization of two novel mutations that produce acute intermittent porphyria: A 3-base deletion (841-843delGGA) and a missense mutation (T35M). Hum Mutat. 2000 Oct;16(4):373. [PubMed ]
39. Kauppinen R, von und zu Fraunberg M: Molecular and biochemical studies of acute intermittent porphyria in 196 patients and their families. Clin Chem. 2002 Nov;48(11):1891-900. [PubMed ]
40. Floderus Y, Shoolingin-Jordan PM, Harper P: Acute intermittent porphyria in Sweden. Molecular, functional and clinical consequences of some new mutations found in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene. Clin Genet. 2002 Oct;62(4):288-97. [PubMed ]
41. Gregor A, Schneider-Yin X, Szlendak U, Wettstein A, Lipniacka A, Rufenacht UB, Minder EI: Molecular study of the hydroxymethylbilane synthase gene (HMBS) among Polish patients with acute intermittent porphyria. Hum Mutat. 2002 Mar;19(3):310. [PubMed ]
42. Gouya L, Puy H, Robreau AM, Lyoumi S, Lamoril J, Da Silva V, Grandchamp B, Deybach JC: Modulation of penetrance by the wild-type allele in dominantly inherited erythropoietic protoporphyria and acute hepatic porphyrias. Hum Genet. 2004 Feb;114(3):256-62. Epub 2003 Dec 11. [PubMed ]
43. Hessels J, Voortman G, van der Wagen A, van der Elzen C, Scheffer H, Zuijderhoudt FM: Homozygous acute intermittent porphyria in a 7-year-old boy with massive excretions of porphyrins and porphyrin precursors. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2004;27(1):19-27. [PubMed ]
44. Schneider-Yin X, Hergersberg M, Schuurmans MM, Gregor A, Minder EI: Mutation hotspots in the human porphobilinogen deaminase gene: recurrent mutations G111R and R173Q occurring at CpG motifs. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2004;27(5):625-31. [PubMed ]

1. Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase I
2. CPSase I

MTRILTAFKVVRTLKTGFGFTNVTAHQKWKFSRPGIRLLSVKAQTAHIVLEDGTKMKGYS
FGHPSSVAGEVVFNTGLGGYPEAITDPAYKGQILTMANPIIGNGGAPDTTALDELGLSKY
LESNGIKVSGLLVLDYSKDYNHWLATKSLGQWLQEEKVPAIYGVDTRMLTKIIRDKGTML
GKIEFEGQPVDFVDPNKQNLIAEVSTKDVKVYGKGNPTKVVAVDCGIKNNVIRLLVKRGA
EVHLVPWNHDFTKMEYDGILIAGGPGNPALAEPLIQNVRKILESDRKEPLFGISTGNLIT
GLAAGAKTYKMSMANRGQNQPVLNITNKQAFITAQNHGYALDNTLPAGWKPLFVNVNDQT
NEGIMHESKPFFAVQFHPEVTPGPIDTEYLFDSFFSLIKKGKATTITSVLPKPALVASRV
EVSKVLILGSGGLSIGQAGEFDYSGSQAVKAMKEENVKTVLMNPNIASVQTNEVGLKQAD
TVYFLPITPQFVTEVIKAEQPDGLILGMGGQTALNCGVELFKRGVLKEYGVKVLGTSVES
IMATEDRQLFSDKLNEINEKIAPSFAVESIEDALKAADTIGYPVMIRSAYALGGLGSGIC
PNRETLMDLSTKAFAMTNQILVEKSVTGWKEIEYEVVRDADDNCVTVCNMENVDAMGVHT
GDSVVVAPAQTLSNAEFQMLRRTSINVVRHLGIVGECNIQFALHPTSMEYCIIEVNARLS
RSSALASKATGYPLAFIAAKIALGIPLPEIKNVVSGKTSACFEPSLDYMVTKIPRWDLDR
FHGTSSRIGSSMKSVGEVMAIGRTFEESFQKALRMCHPSIEGFTPRLPMNKEWPSNLDLR
KELSEPSSTRIYAIAKAIDDNMSLDEIEKLTYIDKWFLYKMRDILNMEKTLKGLNSESMT
EETLKRAKEIGFSDKQISKCLGLTEAQTRELRLKKNIHPWVKQIDTLAAEYPSVTNYLYV
TYNGQEHDVNFDDHGMMVLGCGPYHIGSSVEFDWCAVSSIRTLRQLGKKTVVVNCNPETV
STDFDECDKLYFEELSLERILDIYHQEACGGCIISVGGQIPNNLAVPLYKNGVKIMGTSP
LQIDRAEDRSIFSAVLDELKVAQAPWKAVNTLNEALEFAKSVDYPCLLRPSYVLSGSAMN
VVFSEDEMKKFLEEATRVSQEHPVVLTKFVEGAREVEMDAVGKDGRVISHAISEHVEDAG
VHSGDATLMLPTQTISQGAIEKVKDATRKIAKAFAISGPFNVQFLVKGNDVLVIECNLRA
SRSFPFVSKTLGVDFIDVATKVMIGENVDEKHLPTLDHPIIPADYVAIKAPMFSWPRLRD
ADPILRCEMASTGEVACFGEGIHTAFLKAMLSTGFKIPQKGILIGIQQSFRPRFLGVAEQ
LHNEGFKLFATEATSDWLNANNVPATPVAWPSQEGQNPSLSSIRKLIRDGSIDLVINLPN
NNTKFVHDNYVIRRTAVDSGIPLLTNFQVTKLFAEAVQKSRKVDSKSLFHYRQYSAGKAA

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Nitrogen Metabolism (map00910 )

• 2 ATP + NH3 + CO2 + H2O = 2 ADP + phosphate + carbamoyl phosphate [RN:R00149]

• CPSase_L_chain (PF00289 )
• CPSase_L_D2 (PF02786 )
• CPSase_L_D3 (PF02787 )
• CPSase_sm_chain (PF00988 )
• GATase (PF00117 )
• MGS (PF02142 )

• None

• None

ATGACGAGGATTTTGACAGCTTTCAAAGTGGTGAGGACACTGAAGACTGGTTTTGGCTTT
ACCAATGTGACTGCACACCAAAAATGGAAATTTTCAAGACCTGGCATCAGGCTCCTTTCT
GTCAAGGCACAGACAGCACACATTGTCCTGGAAGATGGAACTAAGATGAAAGGTTACTCC
TTTGGCCATCCATCCTCTGTTGCTGGTGAAGTGGTTTTTAATACTGGCCTGGGAGGGTAC
CCAGAAGCTATTACTGACCCTGCCTACAAAGGACAGATTCTCACAATGGCCAACCCTATT
ATTGGGAATGGTGGAGCTCCTGATACTACTGCTCTGGATGAACTGGGACTTAGCAAATAT
TTGGAGTCTAATGGAATCAAGGTTTCAGGTTTGCTGGTGCTGGATTATAGTAAAGACTAC
AACCACTGGCTGGCTACCAAGAGTTTAGGGCAATGGCTACAGGAAGAAAAGGTTCCTGCA
ATTTATGGAGTGGACACAAGAATGCTGACTAAAATAATTCGGGATAAGGGTACCATGCTT
GGGAAGATTGAATTTGAAGGTCAGCCTGTGGATTTTGTGGATCCAAATAAACAGAATTTG
ATTGCTGAGGTTTCAACCAAGGATGTCAAAGTGTACGGCAAAGGAAACCCCACAAAAGTG
GTAGCTGTAGACTGTGGGATTAAAAACAATGTAATCCGCCTGCTAGTAAAGCGAGGAGCT
GAAGTGCACTTAGTTCCCTGGAACCATGATTTCACCAAGATGGAGTATGATGGGATTTTG
ATCGCGGGAGGACCGGGGAACCCAGCTCTTGCAGAACCACTAATTCAGAATGTCAGAAAG
ATTTTGGAGAGTGATCGCAAGGAGCCATTGTTTGGAATCAGTACAGGAAACTTAATAACA
GGATTGGCTGCTGGTGCCAAAACCTACAAGATGTCCATGGCCAACAGAGGGCAGAATCAG
CCTGTTTTGAATATCACAAACAAACAGGCTTTCATTACTGCTCAGAATCATGGCTATGCC
TTGGACAACACCCTCCCTGCTGGCTGGAAACCACTTTTTGTGAATGTCAACGATCAAACA
AATGAGGGGATTATGCATGAGAGCAAACCCTTCTTCGCTGTGCAGTTCCACCCAGAGGTC
ACCCCGGGGCCAATAGACACTGAGTACCTGTTTGATTCCTTTTTCTCACTGATAAAGAAA
GGAAAAGCTACCACCATTACATCAGTCTTACCGAAGCCAGCACTAGTTGCATCTCGGGTT
GAGGTTTCCAAAGTCCTTATTCTAGGATCAGGAGGTCTGTCCATTGGTCAGGCTGGAGAA
TTTGATTACTCAGGATCTCAAGCTGTAAAAGCCATGAAGGAAGAAAATGTCAAAACTGTT
CTGATGAACCCAAACATTGCATCAGTCCAGACCAATGAGGTGGGCTTAAAGCAAGCGGAT
ACTGTCTACTTTCTTCCCATCACCCCTCAGTTTGTCACAGAGGTCATCAAGGCAGAACAG
CCAGATGGGTTAATTCTGGGCATGGGTGGCCAGACAGCTCTGAACTGTGGAGTGGAACTA
TTCAAGAGAGGTGTGCTCAAGGAATATGGTGTGAAAGTCCTGGGAACTTCAGTTGAGTCC
ATTATGGCTACGGAAGACAGGCAGCTGTTTTCAGATAAACTAAATGAGATCAATGAAAAG
ATTGCTCCAAGTTTTGCAGTGGAATCGATTGAGGATGCACTGAAGGCAGCAGACACCATT
GGCTACCCAGTGATGATCCGTTCCGCCTATGCACTGGGTGGGTTAGGCTCAGGCATCTGT
CCCAACAGAGAGACTTTGATGGACCTCAGCACAAAGGCCTTTGCTATGACCAACCAAATT
CTGGTGGAGAAGTCAGTGACAGGTTGGAAAGAAATAGAATATGAAGTGGTTCGAGATGCT
GATGACAATTGTGTCACTGTCTGTAACATGGAAAATGTTGATGCCATGGGTGTTCACACA
GGTGACTCAGTTGTTGTGGCTCCTGCCCAGACACTCTCCAATGCCGAGTTTCAGATGTTG
AGACGTACTTCAATCAATGTTGTTCGCCACTTGGGCATTGTGGGTGAATGCAACATTCAG
TTTGCCCTTCATCCTACCTCAATGGAATACTGCATCATTGAAGTGAATGCCAGACTGTCC
CGAAGCTCTGCTCTGGCCTCAAAAGCCACTGGCTACCCATTGGCATTCATTGCTGCAAAG
ATTGCCCTAGGAATCCCACTTCCAGAAATTAAGAACGTCGTATCCGGGAAGACATCAGCC
TGTTTTGAACCTAGCCTGGATTACATGGTCACCAAGATTCCCCGCTGGGATCTTGACCGT
TTTCATGGAACATCTAGCCGAATTGGTAGCTCTATGAAAAGTGTAGGAGAGGTCATGGCT
ATTGGTCGTACCTTTGAGGAGAGTTTCCAGAAAGCTTTACGGATGTGCCACCCATCTATA
GAAGGTTTCACTCCCCGTCTCCCAATGAACAAAGAATGGCCATCTAATTTAGATCTTAGA
AAAGAGTTGTCTGAACCAAGCAGCACGCGTATCTATGCCATTGCCAAGGCCATTGATGAC
AACATGTCCCTTGATGAGATTGAGAAGCTCACATACATTGACAAGTGGTTTTTGTATAAG
ATGCGTGATATTTTAAACATGGAAAAGACACTGAAAGGGCTCAACAGTGAGTCCATGACA
GAAGAAACCCTGAAAAGGGCAAAGGAGATTGGGTTCTCAGATAAGCAGATTTCAAAATGC
CTTGGGCTCACTGAGGCCCAGACAAGGGAGCTGAGGTTAAAGAAAAACATCCACCCTTGG
GTTAAACAGATTGATACACTGGCTGCAGAATACCCATCAGTAACAAACTATCTCTATGTT
ACCTACAATGGTCAGGAGCATGATGTCAATTTTGATGACCATGGAATGATGGTGCTAGGC
TGTGGTCCATATCACATTGGCAGCAGTGTGGAATTTGATTGGTGTGCTGTCTCTAGTATC
CGCACACTGCGTCAACTTGGCAAGAAGACGGTGGTGGTGAATTGCAATCCTGAGACTGTG
AGCACAGACTTTGATGAGTGTGACAAACTGTACTTTGAAGAGTTGTCCTTGGAGAGAATC
CTAGACATCTACCATCAGGAGGCATGTGGTGGCTGCATCATATCAGTTGGAGGCCAGATT
CCAAACAACCTGGCAGTTCCTCTATACAAGAATGGTGTCAAGATCATGGGCACAAGCCCC
CTGCAGATCGACAGGGCTGAGGATCGCTCCATCTTCTCAGCTGTCTTGGATGAGCTGAAG
GTGGCTCAGGCACCTTGGAAAGCTGTTAATACTTTGAATGAAGCACTGGAATTTGCAAAG
TCTGTGGACTACCCCTGCTTGTTGAGGCCTTCCTATGTTTTGAGTGGGTCTGCTATGAAT
GTGGTATTCTCTGAGGATGAGATGAAAAAATTCCTAGAAGAGGCGACTAGAGTTTCTCAG
GAGCACCCAGTGGTCCTGACAAAATTTGTTGAAGGGGCCCGAGAAGTAGAAATGGACGCT
GTTGGCAAAGATGGAAGGGTTATCTCTCATGCCATCTCTGAACATGTTGAAGATGCAGGT
GTCCACTCGGGAGATGCCACTCTGATGCTGCCCACACAAACCATCAGCCAAGGGGCCATT
GAAAAGGTGAAGGATGCTACCCGGAAGATTGCAAAGGCTTTTGCCATCTCTGGTCCATTC
AACGTCCAATTTCTTGTCAAAGGAAATGATGTCTTGGTGATTGAGTGTAACTTGAGAGCT
TCTCGATCCTTCCCCTTTGTTTCCAAGACTCTTGGGGTTGACTTCATTGATGTGGCCACC
AAGGTGATGATTGGAGAGAATGTTGATGAGAAACATCTTCCAACATTGGACCATCCCATA
ATTCCTGCTGACTATGTTGCAATTAAGGCTCCCATGTTTTCCTGGCCCCGGTTGAGGGAT
GCTGACCCCATTCTGAGATGTGAGATGGCTTCCACTGGAGAGGTGGCTTGCTTTGGTGAA
GGTATTCATACAGCCTTCCTAAAGGCAATGCTTTCCACAGGATTTAAGATACCCCAGAAA
GGCATCCTGATAGGCATCCAGCAATCATTCCGGCCAAGATTCCTTGGTGTGGCTGAACAA
TTACACAATGAAGGTTTCAAGCTGTTTGCCACGGAAGCCACATCAGACTGGCTCAACGCC
AACAATGTCCCTGCCACCCCAGTGGCATGGCCGTCTCAAGAAGGACAGAATCCCAGCCTC
TCTTCCATCAGAAAATTGATTAGAGATGGCAGCATTGACCTAGTGATTAACCTTCCCAAC
AACAACACTAAATTTGTCCATGATAATTATGTGATTCGGAGGACAGCTGTTGATAGTGGA
ATCCCTCTCCTCACTAATTTTCAGGTGACCAAACTTTTTGCTGAAGCTGTGCAGAAATCT
CGCAAGGTGGACTCCAAGAGTCTTTTCCACTACAGGCAGTACAGTGCTGGAAAAGCAGCA
TAG

1. Haraguchi Y, Uchino T, Takiguchi M, Endo F, Mori M, Matsuda I: Cloning and sequence of a cDNA encoding human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I: molecular analysis of hyperammonemia. Gene. 1991 Nov 15;107(2):335-40. [PubMed ]
2. Finckh U, Kohlschutter A, Schafer H, Sperhake K, Colombo JP, Gal A: Prenatal diagnosis of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency by identification of a missense mutation in CPS1. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(3):206-11. [PubMed ]
3. Summar ML, Hall LD, Eeds AM, Hutcheson HB, Kuo AN, Willis AS, Rubio V, Arvin MK, Schofield JP, Dawson EP: Characterization of genomic structure and polymorphisms in the human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I gene. Gene. 2003 Jun 5;311:51-7. [PubMed ]
4. Funghini S, Donati MA, Pasquini E, Zammarchi E, Morrone A: Structural organization of the human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I gene (CPS1) and identification of two novel genetic lesions. Hum Mutat. 2003 Oct;22(4):340-1. [PubMed ]
5. Haberle J, Schmidt E, Pauli S, Rapp B, Christensen E, Wermuth B, Koch HG: Gene structure of human carbamylphosphate synthetase 1 and novel mutations in patients with neonatal onset. Hum Mutat. 2003 Apr;21(4):444. [PubMed ]
6. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
7. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]
8. Aoshima T, Kajita M, Sekido Y, Kikuchi S, Yasuda I, Saheki T, Watanabe K, Shimokata K, Niwa T: Novel mutations (H337R and 238-362del) in the CPS1 gene cause carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency. Hum Hered. 2001;52(2):99-101. [PubMed ]
9. Pearson DL, Dawling S, Walsh WF, Haines JL, Christman BW, Bazyk A, Scott N, Summar ML: Neonatal pulmonary hypertension--urea-cycle intermediates, nitric oxide production, and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase function. N Engl J Med. 2001 Jun 14;344(24):1832-8. [PubMed ]
10. Wakutani Y, Nakayasu H, Takeshima T, Adachi M, Kawataki M, Kihira K, Sawada H, Bonno M, Yamamoto H, Nakashima K: Mutational analysis of carbamoylphosphate synthetase I deficiency in three Japanese patients. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2004;27(6):787-8. [PubMed ]
11. Haberle J, Koch HG: Genetic approach to prenatal diagnosis in urea cycle defects. Prenat Diagn. 2004 May;24(5):378-83. [PubMed ]
12. Kurokawa K, Yorifuji T, Kawai M, Momoi T, Nagasaka H, Takayanagi M, Kobayashi K, Yoshino M, Kosho T, Adachi M, Otsuka H, Yamamoto S, Murata T, Suenaga A, Ishii T, Terada K, Shimura N, Kiwaki K, Shintaku H, Yamakawa M, Nakabayashi H, Wakutani Y, Nakahata T: Molecular and clinical analyses of Japanese patients with carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency. J Hum Genet. 2007;52(4):349-54. Epub 2007 Feb 20. [PubMed ]
13. Moonen RM, Reyes I, Cavallaro G, Gonzalez-Luis G, Bakker JA, Villamor E: The T1405N carbamoyl phosphate synthetase polymorphism does not affect plasma arginine concentrations in preterm infants. PLoS One. 2010 May 25;5(5):e10792. [PubMed ]

1. DAO
2. Diamine oxidase
3. Amiloride-binding protein
4. ABP
5. Histaminase
6. Kidney amine oxidase
7. KAO

MPALGWAVAAILMLQTAMAEPSPGTLPRKAGVFSDLSNQELKAVHSFLWSKKELRLQPSS
TTTMAKNTVFLIEMLLPKKYHVLRFLDKGERHPVREARAVIFFGDQEHPNVTEFAVGPLP
GPCYMRALSPRPGYQSSWASRPISTAEYALLYHTLQEATKPLHQFFLNTTGFSFQDCHDR
CLAFTDVAPRGVASGQRRSWLIIQRYVEGYFLHPTGLELLVDHGSTDAGHWAVEQVWYNG
KFYGSPEELARKYADGEVDVVVLEDPLPGGKGHDSTEEPPLFSSHKPRGDFPSPIHVSGP
RLVQPHGPRFRLEGNAVLYGGWSFAFRLRSSSGLQVLNVHFGGERIAYEVSVQEAVALYG
GHTPAGMQTKYLDVGWGLGSVTHELAPGIDCPETATFLDTFHYYDADDPVHYPRALCLFE
MPTGVPLRRHFNSNFKGGFNFYAGLKGQVLVLRTTSTVYNYDYIWDFIFYPNGVMEAKMH
ATGYVHATFYTPEGLRHGTRLHTHLIGNIHTHLVHYRVDLDVAGTKNSFQTLQMKLENIT
NPWSPRHRVVQPTLEQTQYSWERQAAFRFKRKLPKYLLFTSPQENPWGHKRTYRLQIHSM
ADQVLPPGWQEEQAITWARYPLAVTKYRESELCSSSIYHQNDPWHPPVVFEQFLHNNENI
ENEDLVAWVTVGFLHIPHSEDIPNTATPGNSVGFLLRPFNFFPEDPSLASRDTVIVWPRD
NGPNYVQRWIPEDRDCSMPPPFSYNGTYRPV

• Alkaloid biosynthesis II (map00960 )
• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )
• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )
• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )

• histamine + H2O + O2 = (imidazol-4-yl)acetaldehyde + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R02150]

• Cu_amine_oxid (PF01179 )
• Cu_amine_oxidN2 (PF02727 )
• Cu_amine_oxidN3 (PF02728 )

• 1-19

• None

ATGCCGGCCCTGGGCTGGGCCGTGGCTGCCATCCTGATGCTGCAGACGGCCATGGCGGAG
CCCTCCCCGGGGACTCTGCCCAGGAAGGCAGGGGTGTTTTCAGACCTAAGCAACCAAGAG
CTGAAGGCAGTGCACAGCTTCCTCTGGTCCAAGAAGGAGCTGAGGCTGCAGCCCTCCAGT
ACCACCACCATGGCCAAGAACACCGTGTTTCTCATCGAGATGCTGCTGCCCAAGAAGTAC
CATGTGCTGAGGTTTCTGGATAAAGGTGAAAGGCATCCTGTGCGGGAAGCCCGTGCCGTC
ATCTTCTTTGGTGACCAGGAGCATCCCAATGTCACCGAGTTTGCTGTGGGGCCCCTGCCA
GGGCCCTGCTACATGCGAGCACTGTCCCCCAGGCCTGGGTACCAGTCCTCCTGGGCATCG
AGGCCCATCTCCACAGCAGAGTATGCCCTCCTCTACCACACCCTGCAGGAAGCCACCAAG
CCCCTGCATCAGTTCTTCCTCAATACCACAGGCTTCTCATTCCAAGACTGCCATGACAGA
TGCCTGGCCTTCACCGATGTGGCCCCCCGGGGTGTGGCTTCTGGCCAGCGCCGCAGTTGG
CTTATCATACAGCGCTATGTAGAAGGCTACTTTCTGCACCCCACTGGGCTGGAGCTCCTC
GTGGATCATGGGAGCACAGATGCTGGGCACTGGGCCGTGGAGCAGGTGTGGTACAACGGG
AAGTTCTATGGGAGCCCAGAGGAACTGGCTCGGAAGTATGCAGATGGAGAGGTGGACGTG
GTGGTCCTGGAGGACCCGCTGCCTGGGGGCAAGGGGCATGACAGCACAGAGGAGCCGCCC
CTCTTCTCCTCCCACAAGCCCCGCGGGGACTTCCCCAGCCCCATCCATGTGAGCGGCCCC
CGCTTGGTCCAGCCCCACGGCCCTCGCTTCAGGCTGGAGGGCAACGCTGTGCTCTACGGC
GGCTGGAGCTTTGCCTTCCGGCTGCGCTCCTCCTCCGGGCTGCAGGTCCTGAACGTGCAC
TTCGGCGGAGAGCGCATTGCCTATGAGGTCAGCGTGCAAGAGGCAGTGGCGCTGTATGGA
GGACACACACCTGCAGGCATGCAGACCAAGTACCTCGATGTCGGCTGGGGCCTGGGCAGC
GTCACTCATGAGTTAGCCCCCGGCATCGACTGCCCGGAGACCGCCACCTTCCTGGACACT
TTCCACTACTATGATGCCGATGACCCGGTCCATTATCCCCGAGCCCTCTGCCTCTTTGAA
ATGCCCACAGGGGTGCCCCTTCGGCGGCACTTTAATTCCAACTTTAAAGGTGGCTTCAAC
TTCTATGCGGGGCTGAAGGGCCAGGTGCTGGTGCTGCGGACAACTTCAACTGTCTACAAT
TATGATTACATTTGGGACTTTATCTTCTACCCCAACGGGGTGATGGAGGCCAAGATGCAT
GCCACTGGCTACGTCCACGCCACCTTCTACACCCCCGAGGGGCTGCGCCACGGCACTCGC
CTGCACACCCACCTGATTGGCAACATACACACTCACTTGGTGCACTACCGCGTAGACCTG
GATGTGGCAGGCACCAAGAACAGCTTCCAGACACTGCAGATGAAGCTAGAAAACATCACC
AACCCCTGGAGCCCAAGACACCGCGTGGTCCAGCCAACTCTGGAGCAGACGCAGTACTCC
TGGGAGCGCCAGGCGGCCTTCCGCTTCAAAAGGAAGCTGCCTAAGTACCTGCTCTTTACC
AGCCCCCAGGAGAACCCCTGGGGCCACAAGCGCACGTACCGCCTGCAGATCCACTCCATG
GCCGACCAGGTGCTGCCCCCAGGCTGGCAGGAGGAGCAGGCCATCACCTGGGCAAGGTAC
CCCCTGGCAGTGACCAAGTACCGGGAGTCGGAGCTGTGCAGCAGCAGCATCTACCACCAG
AACGACCCCTGGCACCCGCCCGTGGTCTTTGAGCAGTTTCTTCACAACAACGAGAACATT
GAAAATGAGGACCTGGTGGCCTGGGTGACGGTGGGCTTCCTGCACATCCCCCACTCAGAG
GACATTCCCAACACAGCCACACCTGGGAACTCCGTGGGCTTCCTGCTCCGGCCATTCAAC
TTCTTCCCAGAGGACCCCTCCCTGGCATCCAGAGACACTGTGATCGTGTGGCCTCGGGAC
AACGGCCCCAACTACGTCCAGCGCTGGATCCCTGAGGACAGGGACTGCTCGATGCCTCCC
CCTTTTAGCTACAATGGGACCTATAGACCTGTGTGA

1. Barbry P, Champe M, Chassande O, Munemitsu S, Champigny G, Lingueglia E, Maes P, Frelin C, Tartar A, Ullrich A, et al.: Human kidney amiloride-binding protein: cDNA structure and functional expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7347-51. [PubMed ]
2. Chassande O, Renard S, Barbry P, Lazdunski M: The human gene for diamine oxidase, an amiloride binding protein. Molecular cloning, sequencing, and characterization of the promoter. J Biol Chem. 1994 May 20;269(20):14484-9. [PubMed ]
3. Zhang X, Kim J, McIntire WS: cDNA sequences of variant forms of human placenta diamine oxidase. Biochem Genet. 1995 Aug;33(7-8):261-8. [PubMed ]
4. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Novotny WF, Chassande O, Baker M, Lazdunski M, Barbry P: Diamine oxidase is the amiloride-binding protein and is inhibited by amiloride analogues. J Biol Chem. 1994 Apr 1;269(13):9921-5. [PubMed ]

1. Copper amine oxidase
2. HPAO
3. Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase
4. SSAO
5. Vascular adhesion protein 1
6. VAP-1

MNQKTILVLLILAVITIFALVCVLLVGRGGDGGEPSQLPHCPSVSPSAQPWTHPGQSQLF
ADLSREELTAVMRFLTQRLGPGLVDAAQARPSDNCVFSVELQLPPKAAALAHLDRGSPPP
AREALAIVFFGRQPQPNVSELVVGPLPHPSYMRDVTVERHGGPLPYHRRPVLFQEYLDID
QMIFNRELPQASGLLHHCCFYKHRGRNLVTMTTAPRGLQSGDRATWFGLYYNISGAGFFL
HHVGLELLVNHKALDPARWTIQKVFYQGRYYDSLAQLEAQFEAGLVNVVLIPDNGTGGSW
SLKSPVPPGPAPPLQFYPQGPRFSVQGSRVASSLWTFSFGLGAFSGPRIFDVRFQGERLV
YEISLQEALAIYGGNSPAAMTTRYVDGGFGMGKYTTPLTRGVDCPYLATYVDWHFLLESQ
APKTIRDAFCVFEQNQGLPLRRHHSDLYSHYFGGLAETVLVVRSMSTLLNYDYVWDTVFH
PSGAIEIRFYATGYISSAFLFGATGKYGNQVSEHTLGTVHTHSAHFKVDLDVAGLENWVW
AEDMVFVPMAVPWSPEHQLQRLQVTRKLLEMEEQAAFLVGSATPRYLYLASNHSNKWGHP
RGYRIQMLSFAGEPLPQNSSMARGFSWERYQLAVTQRKEEEPSSSSVFNQNDPWAPTVDF
SDFINNETIAGKDLVAWVTAGFLHIPHAEDIPNTVTVGNGVGFFLRPYNFFDEDPSFYSA
DSIYFRGDQDAGACEVNPLACLPQAAACAPDLPAFSHGGFSHN

• Alkaloid biosynthesis II (map00960 )
• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )
• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )
• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )

• RCH2NH2 + H2O + O2 = RCHO + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R01853]

• Cu_amine_oxid (PF01179 )
• Cu_amine_oxidN2 (PF02727 )
• Cu_amine_oxidN3 (PF02728 )

• None

• 6-26

ATGAACCAGAAGACAATCCTCGTGCTCCTCATTCTGGCCGTCATCACCATCTTTGCCTTG
GTTTGTGTCCTGCTGGTGGGCAGGGGTGGAGATGGGGGTGAACCCAGCCAGCTTCCCCAT
TGCCCCTCTGTATCTCCCAGTGCCCAGCCTTGGACACACCCTGGCCAGAGCCAGCTGTTT
GCAGACCTGAGCCGAGAGGAGCTGACGGCTGTGATGCGCTTTCTGACCCAGCGGCTGGGG
CCAGGGCTGGTGGATGCAGCCCAGGCCCGGCCCTCGGACAACTGTGTCTTCTCAGTGGAG
TTGCAGCTGCCTCCCAAGGCTGCAGCCCTGGCTCACTTGGACAGGGGGAGCCCCCCACCT
GCCCGGGAGGCACTGGCCATCGTCTTCTTTGGCAGGCAACCCCAGCCCAACGTGAGTGAG
CTGGTGGTGGGGCCACTGCCTCACCCCTCCTACATGCGGGACGTGACTGTGGAGCGTCAT
GGAGGCCCCCTGCCCTATCACCGACGCCCCGTGCTGTTCCAAGAGTACCTGGACATAGAC
CAGATGATCTTCAACAGAGAGCTGCCCCAGGCTTCTGGGCTTCTCCACCACTGTTGCTTC
TACAAGCACCGGGGACGGAACCTGGTGACAATGACCACGGCTCCCCGTGGTCTGCAATCA
GGGGACCGGGCCACCTGGTTTGGCCTCTACTACAACATCTCGGGCGCTGGGTTCTTCCTG
CACCACGTGGGCTTGGAGCTGCTAGTGAACCACAAGGCCCTTGACCCTGCCCGCTGGACT
ATCCAGAAGGTGTTCTATCAAGGCCGCTACTACGACAGCCTGGCCCAGCTGGAGGCCCAG
TTTGAGGCCGGCCTGGTGAATGTGGTGCTGATCCCAGACAATGGCACAGGTGGGTCCTGG
TCCCTGAAGTCCCCTGTGCCCCCGGGTCCAGCTCCCCCTCTACAGTTCTATCCCCAAGGC
CCCCGCTTCAGTGTCCAGGGAAGTCGAGTGGCCTCCTCACTGTGGACTTTCTCCTTTGGC
CTCGGAGCATTCAGTGGCCCAAGGATCTTTGACGTTCGCTTCCAAGGAGAAAGACTAGTT
TATGAGATAAGCCTCCAAGAGGCCTTGGCCATCTATGGTGGAAATTCCCCAGCAGCAATG
ACGACCCGCTATGTGGATGGAGGCTTTGGCATGGGCAAGTACACCACGCCCCTGACCCGT
GGGGTGGACTGCCCCTACTTGGCCACCTACGTGGACTGGCACTTCCTTTTGGAGTCCCAG
GCCCCCAAGACAATACGTGATGCCTTTTGTGTGTTTGAACAGAACCAGGGCCTCCCCCTG
CGGCGACACCACTCAGATCTCTACTCGCACTACTTTGGGGGTCTTGCGGAAACGGTGCTG
GTCGTCAGATCTATGTCCACCTTGCTCAACTATGACTATGTGTGGGATACGGTCTTCCAC
CCCAGTGGGGCCATAGAAATACGATTCTATGCCACGGGCTACATCAGCTCGGCATTCCTC
TTTGGTGCTACTGGGAAGTACGGGAACCAAGTGTCAGAGCACACCCTGGGCACGGTCCAC
ACCCACAGCGCCCACTTCAAGGTGGATCTGGATGTAGCAGGACTGGAGAACTGGGTCTGG
GCCGAGGATATGGTCTTTGTCCCCATGGCTGTGCCCTGGAGCCCTGAGCACCAGCTGCAG
AGGCTGCAGGTGACCCGGAAGCTGCTGGAGATGGAGGAGCAGGCCGCCTTCCTCGTGGGA
AGCGCCACCCCTCGCTACCTGTACCTGGCCAGCAACCACAGCAACAAGTGGGGTCACCCC
CGGGGCTACCGCATCCAGATGCTCAGCTTTGCTGGAGAGCCGCTGCCCCAAAACAGCTCC
ATGGCGAGAGGCTTCAGCTGGGAGAGGTACCAGCTGGCTGTGACCCAGCGGAAGGAGGAG
GAGCCCAGTAGCAGCAGCGTTTTCAATCAGAATGACCCTTGGGCCCCCACTGTGGATTTC
AGTGACTTCATCAACAATGAGACCATTGCTGGAAAGGATTTGGTGGCCTGGGTGACAGCT
GGTTTTCTGCATATCCCACATGCAGAGGACATTCCTAACACAGTGACTGTGGGGAACGGC
GTGGGCTTCTTCCTCCGACCCTATAACTTCTTTGACGAAGACCCCTCCTTCTACTCTGCC
GACTCCATCTACTTCCGAGGGGACCAGGATGCTGGGGCCTGCGAGGTCAACCCCCTAGCT
TGCCTGCCCCAGGCTGCTGCCTGTGCCCCCGACCTCCCTGCCTTCTCCCACGGGGGCTTC
TCTCACAACTAG

1. Zhang X, McIntire WS: Cloning and sequencing of a copper-containing, topa quinone-containing monoamine oxidase from human placenta. Gene. 1996 Nov 14;179(2):279-86. [PubMed ]
2. Smith DJ, Salmi M, Bono P, Hellman J, Leu T, Jalkanen S: Cloning of vascular adhesion protein 1 reveals a novel multifunctional adhesion molecule. J Exp Med. 1998 Jul 6;188(1):17-27. [PubMed ]
3. Zhang Q, Mashima Y, Noda S, Imamura Y, Kudoh J, Shimizu N, Nishiyama T, Umeda S, Oguchi Y, Tanaka Y, Iwata T: Characterization of AOC2 gene encoding a copper-binding amine oxidase expressed specifically in retina. Gene. 2003 Oct 30;318:45-53. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Aboulaich N, Vainonen JP, Stralfors P, Vener AV: Vectorial proteomics reveal targeting, phosphorylation and specific fragmentation of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) at the surface of caveolae in human adipocytes. Biochem J. 2004 Oct 15;383(Pt 2):237-48. [PubMed ]
7. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed ]
8. Bour S, Daviaud D, Gres S, Lefort C, Prevot D, Zorzano A, Wabitsch M, Saulnier-Blache JS, Valet P, Carpene C: Adipogenesis-related increase of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase and monoamine oxidase in human adipocytes. Biochimie. 2007 Aug;89(8):916-25. Epub 2007 Feb 24. [PubMed ]
9. Kaitaniemi S, Elovaara H, Gron K, Kidron H, Liukkonen J, Salminen T, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Elima K: The unique substrate specificity of human AOC2, a semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 Aug;66(16):2743-57. Epub 2009 Jul 9. [PubMed ]
10. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed ]
11. Airenne TT, Nymalm Y, Kidron H, Smith DJ, Pihlavisto M, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Johnson MS, Salminen TA: Crystal structure of the human vascular adhesion protein-1: unique structural features with functional implications. Protein Sci. 2005 Aug;14(8):1964-74. [PubMed ]

1. RAO
2. Amine oxidase [copper-containing]
3. Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase
4. SSAO

MHLKIVLAFLALSLITIFALAYVLLTSPGGSSQPPHCPSVSHRAQPWPHPGQSQLFADLS
REELTAVMRFLTQRLGPGLVDAAQAQPSDNCIFSVELQLPPKAAALAHLDRGSPPPAREA
LAIVLFGGQPQPNVSELVVGPLPHPSYMRDVTVERHGGPLPYHRRPVLRAEFTQMWRHLK
EVELPKAPIFLSSTFNYNGSTLAAVHATPRGLRSGDRATWMALYHNISGVGLFLHPVGLE
LLLDHRALDPAHWTVQQVFYLGHYYADLGQLEREFKSGRLEVVRVPLPPPNGASSLRSRN
SPGPLPPLQFSPQGSQYSVQGNLVVSSLWSFTFGHGVFSGLRIFDVRFQGERIAYEVSVQ
ECVSIYGADSPKTMLTRYLDSSFGLGRNSRGLVRGVDCPYQATMVDIHILVGKGAVQLLP
GAVCVFEEAQGLPLRRHHNYLQNHFYGGLASSALVVRSVSSVGNYDYIWDFVLYPNGALE
GRVHATGYINTAFLKGGEEGLLFGNRVGERVLGTVHTHAFHFKLDLDVAGLKNWVVAEDV
VFKPVAAPWNPEHWLQRPQLTRQVLGKEDLTAFSLGSPLPRYLYLASNQTNAWGHQRGYR
IQIHSPLGIHIPLESDMERALSWGRYQLVVTQRKEEESQSSSIYHQNDIWTPTVTFADFI
NNETLLGEDLVAWVTASFLHIPHAEDIPNTVTLGNRVGFLLRPYNFFDEDPSIFSPGSVY
FEKGQDAGLCSINPVACLPDLAACVPDLPPFSYHGF

• Alkaloid biosynthesis II (map00960 )
• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )
• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )
• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )

• RCH2NH2 + H2O + O2 = RCHO + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R01853]

• Cu_amine_oxid (PF01179 )
• Cu_amine_oxidN2 (PF02727 )
• Cu_amine_oxidN3 (PF02728 )

• 1-32

• None

ATGCATCTCAAGATAGTCCTGGCGTTCCTGGCACTGTCCCTCATTACCATCTTTGCCCTG
GCCTATGTTTTGCTGACCAGCCCAGGTGGTTCCAGCCAGCCTCCCCACTGCCCCTCTGTA
TCCCATAGGGCCCAGCCCTGGCCACACCCTGGCCAGAGCCAGCTGTTTGCAGACCTGAGC
CGAGAGGAGTTGACAGCTGTGATGCGCTTTCTGACCCAGCGGCTGGGGCCAGGGCTGGTG
GACGCAGCCCAGGCTCAGCCCTCGGACAACTGCATCTTCTCAGTGGAGCTGCAGCTGCCC
CCCAAGGCTGCAGCCCTGGCCCACCTGGACAGGGGGAGCCCCCCACCTGCCCGGGAGGCA
CTGGCCATCGTCCTCTTTGGTGGACAACCCCAACCCAATGTGAGTGAGCTGGTGGTGGGG
CCGCTGCCTCACCCCTCGTACATGCGGGATGTGACTGTGGAGCGTCACGGCGGGCCCCTG
CCCTATCACCGTCGCCCGGTGCTGAGAGCTGAGTTTACACAGATGTGGAGGCATCTGAAA
GATGTGGAGCTACCCAAGGCACCCATCTTCCTGTCGTCCACCTTCAACTACAATGGCTCT
ACCCTGGCAGCTGTGCATGCCACCCCTCGGGGCTTGCGCTCAAGGGAACGAACTACCTGG
ATGGCCCTCTACCATAACATCTCAGGGGTTGGTCTTTTCCTTCACCCCGTGGGGCTGGAG
CTACTACTGGACCACAGGGCCCTGGACCCTGCCCACTGGACTGTCCAGCAGGTCTTCTAC
CTTGGGCACTACTATGCAGACTTGGGCCAGTTGGAACGGGAGTTTAAGTCTGGCCGGTTG
GAAGTGGTTAGAGTCCCTCTACCTCCACCAAATGGAGCTTCATCCCTGAGGTCTCGGAAC
TCTCCAGGTCCTCTTCCCCCTCTTCAGTTCTCGCCCCAGGGTTCCCAGTACAGTGTGCAA
GGAAACCTGGTGGTATCCTCCCTCTGGTCATTTACCTTTGGCCATGGGGTGTTCAGCGGC
CTGAGGATTTTTGATGTTCGGTTCCAGGGTGAGCGAATAGCCTATGAAGTCAGTGTCCAG
GAGTGTGTATCTATCTATGGTGCCGATTCACCCAAGACGATGCTGACTCGCTATTTGGAT
AGCAGCTTTGGACTCGGCCGTAACAGCCGAGGCTTGGTGCGGGGAGTGGACTGCCCCTAT
CAAGCCACGATGGTGGACATCCATATATTAGTGGGCAAAGGGGCAGTCCAGCTGCTTCCA
GGGGCTGTGTGTGTATTTGAGGAAGCCCAGGGACTGCCCCTTCGAAGGCACCACAATTAC
CTTCAAAATCATTTCTATGGTGGTTTGGCCAGCTCAGCCCTTGTGGTCAGGTCTGTGTCA
TCTGTGGGCAACTATGACTACATTTGGGACTTTGTGTTGTACCCAAATGGGGCACTTGAA
GGGCGGGTCCATGCCACGGGTTATATCAACACAGCTTTCCTGAAAGGGGGAGAGGAGGGC
CTCCTCTTTGGGAACCGTGTGGGGGAAAGAGTGCTGGGAACGGTGCACACACATGCCTTC
CACTTCAAGCTGGACCTGGATGTGGCAGGGCTGAAAAACTGGGTGGTAGCTGAAGACGTG
GTGTTTAAACCTGTGGCTGCCCCCTGGAACCCGGAGCACTGGCTACAGCGCCCACAGCTG
ACTCGGCAGGTCCTGGGAAAGGAGGACCTGACAGCTTTTTCCTTGGGAAGCCCCCTACCC
CGCTACCTCTACCTGGCTAGCAACCAGACTAATGCGTGGGGTCACCAGCGCGGGTACCGA
ATCCAGATCCACAGCCCCCTTGGCATACAAATACCCCTGGAGAGTGACATGGAGAGGGCC
CTCAGCTGGGGGAGATACCAGCTTGTGGTGACCCAGAGAAAGGAGGAGGAGTCACAGAGC
AGTAGCATCTATCACCAGAATGACATCTGGACACCCACAGTTACCTTTGCTGACTTCATC
AACAATGAAACCCTCTTAGGAGAGGATCTGGTGGCTTGGGTCACAGCCAGCTTCCTGCAC
ATTCCCCATGCCGAGGACATCCCAAACACAGTGACTCTGGGGAACAGAGTTGGCTTCTTG
CTCCGACCCTATAACTTCTTTGATGAGGACCCCTCCATCTTCTCCCCTGGCAGTGTGTAC
TTTGAGAAGGGCCAGGATGCTGGGCTCTGCAGCATCAATCCTGTGGCCTGCCTCCCCGAC
CTGGCAGCCTGTGTCCCGGACTTACCCCCTTTCTCTTACCACGGCTTCTAG

1. Imamura Y, Kubota R, Wang Y, Asakawa S, Kudoh J, Mashima Y, Oguchi Y, Shimizu N: Human retina-specific amine oxidase (RAO): cDNA cloning, tissue expression, and chromosomal mapping. Genomics. 1997 Mar 1;40(2):277-83. [PubMed ]
2. Imamura Y, Noda S, Mashima Y, Kudoh J, Oguchi Y, Shimizu N: Human retina-specific amine oxidase: genomic structure of the gene (AOC2), alternatively spliced variant, and mRNA expression in retina. Genomics. 1998 Jul 15;51(2):293-8. [PubMed ]
3. Zody MC, Garber M, Adams DJ, Sharpe T, Harrow J, Lupski JR, Nicholson C, Searle SM, Wilming L, Young SK, Abouelleil A, Allen NR, Bi W, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Bugalter BE, Butler J, Chang JL, Chen CK, Cook A, Corum B, Cuomo CA, de Jong PJ, DeCaprio D, Dewar K, FitzGerald M, Gilbert J, Gibson R, Gnerre S, Goldstein S, Grafham DV, Grocock R, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hart E, Norman CH, Humphray S, Jaffe DB, Jones M, Kamal M, Khodiyar VK, LaButti K, Laird G, Lehoczky J, Liu X, Lokyitsang T, Loveland J, Lui A, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews L, Mauceli E, McCarroll SA, Mihalev AH, Mudge J, Nguyen C, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Osoegawa K, Schwartz DC, Shaw-Smith C, Stankiewicz P, Steward C, Swarbreck D, Venkataraman V, Whittaker CA, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Bradley A, Hubbard T, Birren BW, Rogers J, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage. Nature. 2006 Apr 20;440(7087):1045-9. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Heniquez A, Meissonnier G, Visentin V, Prevot D, Carpene C: High expression of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase genes AOC2 and AOC3, but not the diamine oxidase gene AOC1 in human adipocytes. Inflamm Res. 2003 Apr;52 Suppl 1:S74-5. [PubMed ]
6. Bour S, Daviaud D, Gres S, Lefort C, Prevot D, Zorzano A, Wabitsch M, Saulnier-Blache JS, Valet P, Carpene C: Adipogenesis-related increase of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase and monoamine oxidase in human adipocytes. Biochimie. 2007 Aug;89(8):916-25. Epub 2007 Feb 24. [PubMed ]
7. Kaitaniemi S, Elovaara H, Gron K, Kidron H, Liukkonen J, Salminen T, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Elima K: The unique substrate specificity of human AOC2, a semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 Aug;66(16):2743-57. Epub 2009 Jul 9. [PubMed ]

1. Gamma-cystathionase

MQEKDASSQGFLPHFQHFATQAIHVGQDPEQWTSRAVVPPISLSTTFKQGAPGQHSGFEY
SRSGNPTRNCLEKAVAALDGAKYCLAFASGLAATVTITHLLKAGDQIICMDDVYGGTNRY
FRQVASEFGLKISFVDCSKIKLLEAAITPETKLVWIETPTNPTQKVIDIEGCAHIVHKHG
DIILVVDNTFMSPYFQRPLALGADISMYSATKYMNGHSDVVMGLVSVNCESLHNRLRFLQ
NSLGAVPSPIDCYLCNRGLKTLHVRMEKHFKNGMAVAQFLESNPWVEKVIYPGLPSHPQH
ELVKRQCTGCTGMVTFYIKGTLQHAEIFLKNLKLFTLAESLGGFESLAELPAIMTHASVL
KNDRDVLGISDTLIRLSVGLEDEEDLLEDLDQALKAAHPPSGSHS

• Cysteine Metabolism (map00272 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )
• Methionine Metabolism (map00271 )
• Nitrogen Metabolism (map00910 )
• Selenoamino Acid Metabolism (map00450 )

• (1) L-cystathionine + H2O = L-cysteine + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate (overall reaction) [RN:R01001]
• (2) (1a) L-cystathionine = L-cysteine + 2-ammoniobut-2-enoate [RN:R08632]
• (3) (1b) 2-ammoniobut-2-enoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH3 (spontaneous) [RN:R08637]

• Cys_Met_Meta_PP (PF01053 )

• None

• None

ATGCAGGAAAAAGACGCCTCCTCACAAGGTTTCCTGCCACACTTCCAACATTTCGCCACG
CAGGCGATCCATGTGGGCCAGGATCCAGAGCAATGGACCTCCAGGGCTGTAGTGCCCCCC
ATCTCACTGTCCACCACGTTCAAGCAAGGGGCGCCTGGCCAGCACTCGGGTTTTGAATAT
AGCCGTTCTGGAAATCCCACTAGGAATTGCCTTGAAAAAGCAGTGGCAGCACTGGATGGG
GCTAAGTACTGTTTGGCCTTTGCTTCAGGTTTAGCAGCCACTGTAACTATTACCCATCTT
TTAAAAGCAGGAGACCAAATTATTTGTATGGATGATGTGTATGGAGGTACAAACAGGTAC
TTCAGGCAAGTGGCATCTGAATTTGGATTAAAGATTTCTTTTGTTGATTGTTCCAAAATC
AAATTACTAGAGGCAGCAATTACACCAGAAACCAAGCTTGTTTGGATCGAAACCCCCACA
AACCCCACCCAGAAGGTGATTGACATTGAAGGCTGTGCACATATTGTCCATAAGCATGGA
GACATTATTTTGGTCGTGGATAACACTTTTATGTCACCATATTTCCAGCGCCCTTTGGCT
CTGGGAGCTGATATTTCTATGTATTCTGCAACAAAATACATGAATGGCCACAGTGATGTT
GTAATGGGCCTGGTGTCTGTTAATTGTGAAAGCCTTCATAATAGACTTCGTTTCTTGCAA
AACTCTCTTGGAGCAGTTCCATCTCCTATTGATTGTTACCTCTGCAATCGAGGTCTGAAG
ACTCTACATGTCCGAATGGAAAAGCATTTCAAAAACGGAATGGCAGTTGCCCAGTTCCTG
GAATCTAATCCTTGGGTAGAAAAGGTTATTTATCCTGGGCTGCCCTCTCATCCACAGCAT
GAGTTGGTGAAGCGTCAGTGTACAGGTTGTACAGGGATGGTCACCTTTTATATTAAGGGC
ACTCTTCAGCATGCTGAGATTTTCCTCAAGAACCTAAAGCTATTTACTCTGGCCGAGAGC
TTGGGAGGATTCGAAAGCCTTGCTGAGCTTCCGGCAATCATGACTCATGCATCAGTTCTT
AAGAATGACAGAGATGTCCTTGGAATTAGTGACACACTGATTCGACTTTCTGTGGGCTTA
GAGGATGAGGAAGACCTACTGGAAGATCTAGATCAAGCTTTGAAGGCAGCACACCCTCCA
AGTGGAATTCACAGCTAG

1. Lu Y, O'Dowd BF, Orrego H, Israel Y: Cloning and nucleotide sequence of human liver cDNA encoding for cystathionine gamma-lyase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Dec 15;189(2):749-58. [PubMed ]
2. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Steegborn C, Clausen T, Sondermann P, Jacob U, Worbs M, Marinkovic S, Huber R, Wahl MC: Kinetics and inhibition of recombinant human cystathionine gamma-lyase. Toward the rational control of transsulfuration. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 30;274(18):12675-84. [PubMed ]
5. Matsuoka S, Ballif BA, Smogorzewska A, McDonald ER 3rd, Hurov KE, Luo J, Bakalarski CE, Zhao Z, Solimini N, Lerenthal Y, Shiloh Y, Gygi SP, Elledge SJ: ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networks responsive to DNA damage. Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1160-6. [PubMed ]
6. Chiku T, Padovani D, Zhu W, Singh S, Vitvitsky V, Banerjee R: H2S biogenesis by human cystathionine gamma-lyase leads to the novel sulfur metabolites lanthionine and homolanthionine and is responsive to the grade of hyperhomocysteinemia. J Biol Chem. 2009 Apr 24;284(17):11601-12. Epub 2009 Mar 4. [PubMed ]
7. Sun Q, Collins R, Huang S, Holmberg-Schiavone L, Anand GS, Tan CH, van-den-Berg S, Deng LW, Moore PK, Karlberg T, Sivaraman J: Structural basis for the inhibition mechanism of human cystathionine gamma-lyase, an enzyme responsible for the production of H(2)S. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 30;284(5):3076-85. Epub 2008 Nov 19. [PubMed ]
8. Wang J, Hegele RA: Genomic basis of cystathioninuria (MIM 219500) revealed by multiple mutations in cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH). Hum Genet. 2003 Apr;112(4):404-8. Epub 2003 Feb 6. [PubMed ]
9. Zhu W, Lin A, Banerjee R: Kinetic properties of polymorphic variants and pathogenic mutants in human cystathionine gamma-lyase. Biochemistry. 2008 Jun 10;47(23):6226-32. Epub 2008 May 14. [PubMed ]

1. Cytidine aminohydrolase

MAQKRPACTLKPECVQQLLVCSQEAKKSAYCPYSHFPVGAALLTQEGRIFKGCNIENACY
PLGICAERTAIQKAVSEGYKDFRAIAIASDMQDDFISPCGACRQVMREFGTNWPVYMTKP
DGTYIVMTVQELLPSSFGPEDLQKTQ

• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• cytidine + H2O = uridine + NH3 [RN:R01878]

• dCMP_cyt_deam_1 (PF00383 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCCAGAAGCGTCCTGCCTGCACCCTGAAGCCTGAGTGTGTCCAGCAGCTGCTGGTT
TGCTCCCAGGAGGCCAAGAAGTCAGCCTACTGCCCCTACAGTCACTTTCCTGTGGGGGCT
GCCCTGCTCACCCAGGAGGGGAGAATCTTCAAAGGGTGCAACATAGAAAATGCCTGCTAC
CCGCTGGGCATCTGTGCTGAACGGACCGCTATCCAGAAGGCCGTCTCAGAAGGGTACAAG
GATTTCAGGGCAATTGCTATCGCCAGTGACATGCAAGATGATTTTATCTCTCCATGTGGG
GCCTGCAGGCAAGTCATGAGAGAGTTTGGCACCAACTGGCCCGTGTACATGACCAAGCCG
GATGGTACGTATATTGTCATGACGGTCCAGGAGCTGCTGCCCTCCTCCTTTGGGCCTGAG
GACCTGCAGAAGACTCAGTGA

1. Laliberte J, Momparler RL: Human cytidine deaminase: purification of enzyme, cloning, and expression of its complementary DNA. Cancer Res. 1994 Oct 15;54(20):5401-7. [PubMed ]
2. Demontis S, Terao M, Brivio M, Zanotta S, Bruschi M, Garattini E: Isolation and characterization of the gene coding for human cytidine deaminase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Dec 22;1443(3):323-33. [PubMed ]
3. Gran C, Boyum A, Johansen RF, Lovhaug D, Seeberg EC: Growth inhibition of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells by human cytidine deaminase requires the catalytic function of the protein. Blood. 1998 Jun 1;91(11):4127-35. [PubMed ]
4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Kuhn K, Bertling WM, Emmrich F: Cloning of a functional cDNA for human cytidine deaminase (CDD) and its use as a marker of monocyte/macrophage differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Jan 15;190(1):1-7. [PubMed ]
7. Chung SJ, Fromme JC, Verdine GL: Structure of human cytidine deaminase bound to a potent inhibitor. J Med Chem. 2005 Feb 10;48(3):658-60. [PubMed ]

1. BUP-1
2. Beta-alanine synthase
3. N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine amidohydrolase

MAGAEWKSLEECLEKHLPLPDLQEVKRVLYGKELRKLDLPREAFEAASREDFELQGYAFE
AAEEQLRRPRIVHVGLVQNRIPLPANAPVAEQVSALHRRIKAIVEVAAMCGVNIICFQEA
WTMPFAFCTREKLPWTEFAESAEDGPTTRFCQKLAKNHDMVVVSPILERDSEHGDVLWNT
AVVISNSGAVLGKTRKNHIPRVGDFNESTYYMEGNLGHPVFQTQFGRIAVNICYGRHHPL
NWLMYSINGAEIIFNPSATIGALSESLWPIEARNAAIANHCFTCAINRVGTEHFPNEFTS
GDGKKAHQDFGYFYGSSYVAAPDSSRTPGLSRSRDGLLVAKLDLNLCQQVNDVWNFKMTG
RYEMYARELAEAVKSNYSPTIVKE

• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Pantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis (map00770 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine + H2O = beta-alanine + CO2 + NH3 [RN:R00905]

• CN_hydrolase (PF00795 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGGGCGCTGAGTGGAAGTCGCTGGAGGAATGCTTGGAGAAGCACCTGCCGCTCCCC
GACTTGCAGGAAGTGAAGCGCGTTCTCTATGGCAAGGAACTCAGGAAGCTTGATCTGCCC
AGGGAAGCTTTCGAAGCTGCCTCCAGAGAAGACTTTGAACTGCAGGGATATGCCTTTGAA
GCAGCGGAGGAGCAGCTGAGACGACCCCGCATTGTGCACGTGGGGCTGGTTCAGAACAGA
ATCCCCCTCCCCGCAAATGCCCCTGTGGCAGAACAGGTCTCTGCCCTTCATAGACGCATA
AAGGCTATCGTAGAGGTGGCTGCAATGTGTGGAGTCAACATCATCTGTTTCCAGGAAGCA
TGGACTATGCCCTTTGCCTTCTGTACGAGAGAGAAGCTTCCTTGGACAGAATTTGCTGAG
TCAGCAGAGGATGGGCCCACCACCAGATTCTGTCAGAAGCTGGCGAAGAACCATGACATG
GTGGTGGTGTCTCCCATCCTGGAACGAGACAGCGAGCATGGGGATGTTTTGTGGAATACA
GCCGTGGTGATCTCCAATTCCGGAGCAGTCCTGGGAAAGACCAGGAAAAACCACATCCCC
AGAGTGGGTGATTTCAACGAGTCAACTTACTACATGGAGGGAAACCTGGGCCACCCCGTG
TTCCAGACGCAGTTCGGAAGGATCGCGGTGAACATTTGCTACGGGCGGCACCACCCCCTC
AACTGGCTTATGTACAGCATCAACGGGGCTGAGATCATCTTCAACCCCTCGGCCACGATA
GGAGCACTCAGCGAGTCCCTGTGGCCCATCGAGGCCAGAAACGCAGCCATTGCCAATCAC
TGCTTCACCTGCGCCATCAATCGAGTGGGCACCGAGCACTTCCCGAACGAGTTTACCTCG
GGAGATGGAAAGAAAGCTCACCAGGACTTTGGCTACTTTTATGGCTCGAGCTATGTGGCA
GCCCCTGACAGCAGCCGGACTCCTGGGCTGTCCCGTAGCCGGGATGGACTGCTAGTTGCT
AAGCTCGACCTAAACCTCTGCCAGCAGGTGAATGATGTCTGGAACTTCAAGATGACGGGC
AGGTATGAGATGTACGCACGGGAGCTCGCCGAAGCTGTCAAGTCCAACTACAGCCCCACC
ATCGTGAAAGAGTAG

1. Vreken P, van Kuilenburg AB, Hamajima N, Meinsma R, van Lenthe H, Gohlich-Ratmann G, Assmann BE, Wevers RA, van Gennip AH: cDNA cloning, genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the human BUP-1 gene encoding beta-ureidopropionase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Oct 28;1447(2-3):251-7. [PubMed ]
2. Sakamoto T, Sakata SF, Matsuda K, Horikawa Y, Tamaki N: Expression and properties of human liver beta-ureidopropionase. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2001 Apr;47(2):132-8. [PubMed ]
3. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. van Kuilenburg AB, Meinsma R, Beke E, Assmann B, Ribes A, Lorente I, Busch R, Mayatepek E, Abeling NG, van Cruchten A, Stroomer AE, van Lenthe H, Zoetekouw L, Kulik W, Hoffmann GF, Voit T, Wevers RA, Rutsch F, van Gennip AH: beta-Ureidopropionase deficiency: an inborn error of pyrimidine degradation associated with neurological abnormalities. Hum Mol Genet. 2004 Nov 15;13(22):2793-801. Epub 2004 Sep 22. [PubMed ]

1. Biotinase

MAHAHIQGGRRAKSRFVVCIMSGARSKLALFLCGCYVVALGAHTGEESVADHHEAEYYVA
AVYEHPSILSLNPLALISRQEALELMNQNLDIYEQQVMTAAQKDVQIIVFPEDGIHGFNF
TRTSIYPFLDFMPSPQVVRWNPCLEPHRFNDTEVLQRLSCMAIRGDMFLVANLGTKEPCH
SSDPRCPKDGRYQFNTNVVFSNNGTLVDRYRKHNLYFEAAFDVPLKVDLITFDTPFAGRF
GIFTCFDILFFDPAIRVLRDYKVKHVVYPTAWMNQLPLLAAIEIQKAFAVAFGINVLAAN
VHHPVLGMTGSGIHTPLESFWYHDMENPKSHLIIAQVAKNPVGLIGAENATGETDPSHSK
FLKILSGDPYCEKDAQEVHCDEATKWNVNAPPTFHSEMMYDNFTLVPVWGKEGYLHVCSN
GLCCYLLYERPTLSKELYALGVFDGLHTVHGTYYIQVCALVRCGGLGFDTCGQEITEATG
IFEFHLWGNFSTSYIFPLFLTSGMTLEVPDQLGWENDHYFLRKSRLSSGLVTAALYGRLY
ERD

• Biotin metabolism (map00780 )

• biotin amide + H2O = biotin + NH3 [RN:R01076]

• CN_hydrolase (PF00795 )

• 1-41

• None

ATGGCGCATGCGCATATTCAGGGCGGAAGGCGCGCTAAGAGCAGATTTGTGGTCTGCATT
ATGTCTGGAGCCAGAAGTAAGCTTGCTCTTTTCCTCTGCGGCTGTTACGTGGTTGCCCTG
GGAGCCCACACCGGGGAGGAGAGCGTGGCTGACCATCACGAGGCTGAATATTATGTGGCT
GCCGTGTATGAGCATCCATCCATCCTGAGTCTGAACCCTCTGGCTCTCATCAGCCGCCAA
GAGGCCTTGGAGCTCATGAACCAGAACCTTGACATCTATGAACAGCAAGTGATGACTGCA
GCCCAAAAGGATGTACAGATTATAGTGTTTCCAGAAGATGGCATTCATGGATTCAACTTT
ACAAGAACATCCATTTATCCATTTTTGGACTTCATGCCGTCTCCCCAGGTGGTCAGGTGG
AACCCATGCCTGGAGCCTCACCGCTTCAATGACACAGAGGTGCTCCAGCGCCTGAGTTGT
ATGGCCATCAGGGGAGATATGTTCTTGGTGGCCAATCTTGGGACAAAGGAGCCTTGTCAT
AGCAGTGACCCAAGGTGCCCAAAAGATGGGAGATACCAGTTCAACACAAATGTCGTGTTC
AGCAATAATGGAACCCTTGTTGACCGCTACCGTAAACACAACCTCTACTTTGAGGCAGCA
TTCGATGTTCCTCTTAAAGTGGATCTCATCACCTTTGATACCCCCTTTGCTGGCAGGTTT
GGCATCTTCACATGCTTTGATATATTGTTCTTTGACCCTGCCATCAGAGTCCTCAGAGAC
TACAAGGTGAAGCATGTTGTGTACCCAACTGCCTGGATGAACCAGCTCCCACTCTTGGCA
GCAATTGAGATTCAGAAAGCTTTTGCTGTTGCCTTTGGCATCAACGTTCTGGCAGCTAAT
GTCCACCACCCAGTTCTGGGGATGACAGGAAGTGGCATACACACCCCTCTGGAGTCCTTT
TGGTACCATGACATGGAAAATCCCAAAAGTCACCTTATAATTGCCCAGGTGGCCAAAAAT
CCAGTGGGTCTCATTGGTGCAGAGAATGCAACAGGTGAAACGGACCCATCCCATAGTAAG
TTTTTAAAAATTTTGTCAGGCGATCCGTACTGTGAGAAGGATGCTCAGGAAGTCCACTGT
GATGAGGCCACCAAGTGGAACGTGAATGCTCCTCCCACATTTCACTCTGAGATGATGTAT
GACAATTTCACCCTGGTCCCTGTCTGGGGAAAGGAAGGCTATCTCCACGTCTGTTCCAAT
GGCCTCTGCTGTTATTTACTTTACGAGAGGCCCACCTTATCCAAAGAGCTGTATGCCCTG
GGGGTCTTTGATGGGCTTCACACAGTACATGGCACTTACTACATCCAAGTGTGTGCCCTG
GTCAGGTGTGGGGGTCTTGGCTTCGACACCTGTGGACAGGAAATCACAGAGGCCACGGGG
ATATTTGAGTTTCACCTGTGGGGCAACTTCAGTACTTCCTATATCTTTCCTTTGTTTCTG
ACCTCAGGGATGACCCTAGAAGTCCCTGACCAGCTTGGCTGGGAGAATGACCACTATTTC
CTGAGGAAAAGTAGGCTGTCCTCTGGGCTGGTGACGGCGGCTCTCTATGGGCGCTTGTAT
GAGAGGGACTAG

1. Cole H, Reynolds TR, Lockyer JM, Buck GA, Denson T, Spence JE, Hymes J, Wolf B: Human serum biotinidase. cDNA cloning, sequence, and characterization. J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 4;269(9):6566-70. [PubMed ]
2. Knight HC, Reynolds TR, Meyers GA, Pomponio RJ, Buck GA, Wolf B: Structure of the human biotinidase gene. Mamm Genome. 1998 Apr;9(4):327-30. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Kaul R, Wang J, Yu J, Sudbrak R, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Wei S, Wheeler DA, Wright MW, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clendenning J, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Chen R, Chen Z, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Dong W, Draper H, Ernst S, Fu G, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Garcia DK, Gillett W, Gu J, Hao B, Haugen E, Havlak P, He X, Hennig S, Hu S, Huang W, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Kube M, Levy R, Li Z, Liu B, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Palmeiri A, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Phelps KA, Plopper FJ, Qiang B, Raymond C, Rodriguez R, Saenphimmachak C, Santibanez J, Shen H, Shen Y, Subramanian S, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang J, Wang J, Wang Q, Williams GA, Wong GK, Yao Z, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhao G, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Nelson D, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Naylor SL, Yang H, Olson M, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3. Nature. 2006 Apr 27;440(7088):1194-8. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed ]
7. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed ]
8. Pomponio RJ, Norrgard KJ, Hymes J, Reynolds TR, Buck GA, Baumgartner R, Suormala T, Wolf B: Arg538 to Cys mutation in a CpG dinucleotide of the human biotinidase gene is the second most common cause of profound biotinidase deficiency in symptomatic children. Hum Genet. 1997 Apr;99(4):506-12. [PubMed ]
9. Swango KL, Demirkol M, Huner G, Pronicka E, Sykut-Cegielska J, Schulze A, Mayatepek E, Wolf B: Partial biotinidase deficiency is usually due to the D444H mutation in the biotinidase gene. Hum Genet. 1998 May;102(5):571-5. [PubMed ]
10. Norrgard KJ, Pomponio RJ, Swango KL, Hymes J, Reynolds T, Buck GA, Wolf B: Double mutation (A171T and D444H) is a common cause of profound biotinidase deficiency in children ascertained by newborn screening the the United States. Mutations in brief no. 128. Online. Hum Mutat. 1998;11(5):410. [PubMed ]

1. AMP deaminase isoform L

MRNRGQGLFRLRSRCFLHQSLPLGAGRRKGLDVAEPGPSRCRSDSPAVAAVVPAMASYPS
GSGKPKAKYPFKKRASLQASTAAPEARGGLGAPPLQSARSLPGPAPCLKHFPLDLRTSMD
GKCKEIAEELFTRSLAESELRSAPYEFPEESPIEQLEERRQRLERQISQDVKLEPDILLR
AKQDFLKTDSDSDLQLYKEQGEGQGDRSLRERDVLEREFQRVTISGEEKCGVPFTDLLDA
AKSVVRALFIREKYMALSLQSFCPTTRRYLQQLAEKPLETRTYEQGPDTPVSADAPVHPP
ALEQHPYEHCEPSTMPGDLGLGLRMVRGVVHVYTRREPDEHCSEVELPYPDLQEFVADVN
VLMALIINGPIKSFCYRRLQYLSSKFQMHVLLNEMKELAAQKKVPHRDFYNIRKVDTHIH
ASSCMNQKHLLRFIKRAMKRHLEEIVHVEQGREQTLREVFESMNLTAYDLSVDTLDVHAD
RNTFHRFDKFNAKYNPIGESVLREIFIKTDNRVSGKYFAHIIKEVMSDLEESKYQNAELR
LSIYGRSRDEWDKLARWAVMHRVHSPNVRWLVQVPRLFDVYRTKGQLANFQEMLENIFLP
LFEATVHPASHPELHLFLEHVDGFDSVDDESKPENHVFNLESPLPEAWVEEDNPPYAYYL
YYTFANMAMLNHLRRQRGFHTFVLRPHCGEAGPIHHLVSAFMLAENISHGLLLRKAPVLQ
YLYYLAQIGIAMSPLSNNSLFLSYHRNPLPEYLSRGLMVSLSTDDPLQFHFTKEPLMEEY
SIATQVWKLSSCDMCELARNSVLMSGFSHKVKSHWLGPNYTKEGPEGNDIRRTNVPDIRV
GYRYETLCQELALITQAVQSEMLETIPEEAGITMSPGPQ

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• AMP + H2O = IMP + NH3 [RN:R00181]

• A_deaminase (PF00962 )

• None

• None

ATGAGAAATCGTGGCCAGGGCCTCTTCCGCCTGCGGAGCCGCTGCTTCCTGCATCAGTCA
CTCCCGCTGGGGGCGGGGCGGAGGAAGGGGTTGGATGTGGCAGAGCCAGGCCCCAGCCGG
TGCCGCTCAGACTCCCCCGCTGTCGCCGCCGTGGTCCCAGCCATGGCATCCTATCCATCT
GGCTCTGGCAAGCCCAAGGCCAAATATCCCTTTAAGAAGCGGGCCAGCCTGCAGGCCTCC
ACTGCAGCTCCAGAGGCTCGGGGTGGTCTGGGGGCCCCTCCGCTGCAGTCTGCCCGATCC
CTGCCGGGCCCCGCCCCCTGCCTCAAGCACTTCCCGCTCGACCTGCGCACGTCTATGGAT
GGCAAATGCAAGGAGATCGCCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCCGCTCACTGGCTGAGAGCGAGCTC
CGTAGTGCCCCGTATGAGTTCCCCGAGGAGAGCCCCATTGAACAGCTGGAGGAGCGGCGG
CAGCGGCTGGAGCGGCAGATCAGCCAGGATGTCAAGCTGGAGCCAGACATCCTGCTTCGG
GCCAAGCAAGATTTCCTGAAGACGGACAGTGACTCGGACCTACAGCTCTACAAGGAACAG
GGTGAGGGGCAGGGTGACCGGAGCCTGCGGGAGCGTGATGTGCTGGAACGGGAGTTTCAG
CGGGTCACCATCTCTGGGGAGGAGAAGTGTGGGGTGCCGTTCACAGACCTGCTGGATGCA
GCCAAGAGTGTGGTGCGGGCGCTCTTCATCCGGGAGAAGTACATGGCCCTGTCCCTGCAG
AGCTTCTGCCCCACCACCCGCCGCTACCTGCAGCAGCTGGCTGAAAAGCCTCTGGAGACC
CGGACCTATGAACAGGGCCCCGACACCCCTGTGTCTGCTGATGCCCCGGTGCACCCCCCT
GCGCTGGAGCAGCACCCGTATGAGCACTGTGAGCCAAGCACCATGCCTGGGGACCTGGGC
TTGGGTCTGCGCATGGTGCGGGGTGTGGTGCACGTCTACACCCGCAGGGAACCCGACGAG
CATTGCTCAGAGGTGGAGCTGCCATACCCTGACCTGCAGGAATTTGTGGCTGACGTCAAT
GTGCTGATGGCCCTGATTATCAATGGCCCCATAAAGTCATTCTGCTACCGCCGGCTGCAG
TACCTGAGCTCCAAGTTCCAGATGCATGTGCTACTCAATGAGATGAAGGAGCTGGCCGCC
CAGAAGAAAGTGCCACACCGAGATTTCTACAACATCCGCAAGGTGGACACCCACATCCAT
GCCTCGTCCTGCATGAACCAGAAGCATCTGCTGCGCTTCATCAAGCGGGCAATGAAGCGG
CACCTGGAGGAGATCGTGCACGTGGAGCAGGGCCGTGAACAGACGCTGCGGGAGGTCTTT
GAGAGCATGAATCTCACGGCCTACGACCTGAGTGTGGACACGCTGGATGTGCATGCGGAC
AGGAACACTTTCCATCGCTTTGACAAGTTTAATGCCAAATACAACCCTATTGGGGAGTCC
GTCCTCCGAGAGATCTTCATCAAGACGGACAACAGGGTATCTGGGAAGTACTTTGCTCAC
ATCATCAAGGAGGTGATGTCAGACCTGGAGGAGAGCAAATACCAGAATGCAGAGCTGCGG
CTCTCCATTTACGGGCGCTCGAGGGATGAGTGGGACAAGCTGGCGCGCTGGGCCGTCATG
CACCGCGTGCACTCCCCCAACGTGCGCTGGCTGGTGCAGGTGCCCCGCCTCTTTGATGTG
TACCGTACCAAGGGCCAGCTGGCCAACTTCCAGGAGATGCTGGAGAACATCTTCCTGCCA
CTGTTCGAGGCCACTGTGCACCCTGCCAGCCACCCGGAACTGCATCTCTTCTTAGAGCAC
GTGGATGGTTTTGACAGCGTGGATGATGAGTCCAAGCCTGAAAACCATGTCTTCAACCTG
GAGAGCCCCCTGCCTGAGGCGTGGGTGGAGGAGGACAACCCACCCTATGCCTACTACCTG
TACTACACCTTTGCCAACATGGCCATGTTGAACCACCTGCGCAGGCAGAGGGGCTTCCAC
ACGTTTGTGCTGAGGCCACACTGTGGGGAGGCTGGGCCCATCCACCACCTGGTGTCAGCC
TTCATGCTGGCTGAGAACATTTCCCACGGGCTCCTTCTGCGCAAGGCCCCCGTCCTGCAG
TACCTGTACTACCTGGCCCAGATCGGCATCGCCATGTCTCCGCTCAGCAACAACAGCCTC
TTCCTCAGCTATCACCGGAATCCGCTACCGGAGTACCTGTCCCGCGGCCTCATGGTCTCC
CTGTCCACTGATGATCCCTTGCAGTTCCACTTCACCAAGGAGCCGCTGATGGAGGAGTAC
AGCATCGCCACCCAGGTGTGGAAGCTCAGCTCCTGCGATATGTGTGAGCTGGCCCGCAAC
AGCGTGCTCATGAGCGGCTTCTCGCACAAGGTAAAGAGCCACTGGCTGGGACCCAACTAT
ACCAAGGAAGGCCCTGAGGGGAATGACATCCGCCGGACCAATGTGCCAGACATCCGCGTG
GGCTACCGCTACGAGACCCTGTGCCAGGAGCTGGCGCTCATCACGCAGGCAGTCCAGAGT
GAGATGCTGGAGACCATTCCAGAGGAGGCGGGTATCACCATGAGCCCAGGGCCTCAATGA

1. Bausch-Jurken MT, Mahnke-Zizelman DK, Morisaki T, Sabina RL: Molecular cloning of AMP deaminase isoform L. Sequence and bacterial expression of human AMPD2 cDNA. J Biol Chem. 1992 Nov 5;267(31):22407-13. [PubMed ]
2. Van den Bergh F, Sabina RL: Characterization of human AMP deaminase 2 (AMPD2) gene expression reveals alternative transcripts encoding variable N-terminal extensions of isoform L. Biochem J. 1995 Dec 1;312 ( Pt 2):401-10. [PubMed ]
3. Mahnke-Zizelman DK, van den Bergh F, Bausch-Jurken MT, Eddy R, Sait S, Shows TB, Sabina RL: Cloning, sequence and characterization of the human AMPD2 gene: evidence for transcriptional regulation by two closely spaced promoters. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 Aug 14;1308(2):122-32. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
8. Beausoleil SA, Villen J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;24(10):1285-92. Epub 2006 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
9. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed ]
10. Zahedi RP, Lewandrowski U, Wiesner J, Wortelkamp S, Moebius J, Schutz C, Walter U, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):526-34. Epub 2007 Dec 19. [PubMed ]
11. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
12. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
13. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. AMP deaminase isoform M
2. Myoadenylate deaminase

MPLFKLPAEEKQIDDAMRNFAEKVFASEVKDEGGRQEISPFDVDEICPISHHEMQAHIFH
LETLSTSTEARRKKRFQGRKTVNLSIPLSETSSTKLSHIDEYISSSPTYQTVPDFQRVQI
TGDYASGVTVEDFEIVCKGLYRALCIREKYMQKSFQRFPKTPSKYLRNIDGEAWVANESF
YPVFTPPVKKGEDPFRTDNLPENLGYHLKMKDGVVYVYPNEAAVSKDEPKPLPYPNLDTF
LDDMNFLLALIAQGPVKTYTHRRLKFLSSKFQVHQMLNEMDELKELKNNPHRDFYNCRKV
DTHIHAAACMNQKHLLRFIKKSYQIDADRVVYSTKEKNLTLKELFAKLKMHPYDLTVDSL
DVHAGRQTFQRFDKFNDKYNPVGASELRDLYLKTDNYINGEYFATIIKEVGADLVEAKYQ
HAEPRLSIYGRSPDEWSKLSSWFVCNRIHCPNMTWMIQVPRIYDVFRSKNFLPHFGKMLE
NIFMPVFEATINPQADPELSVFLKHITGFDSVDDESKHSGHMFSSKSPKPQEWTLEKNPS
YTYYAYYMYANIMVLNSLRKERGMNTFLFRPHCGEAGALTHLMTAFMIADDISHGLNLKK
SPVLQYLFFLAQIPIAMSPLSNNSLFLEYAKNPFLDFLQKGLMISLSTDDPMQFHFTKEP
LMEEYAIAAQVFKLSTCDMCEVARNSVLQCGISHEEKVKFLGDNYLEEGPAGNDIRRTNV
AQIRMAYRYETWCYELNLIAEGLKSTE

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• AMP + H2O = IMP + NH3 [RN:R00181]

• A_deaminase (PF00962 )

• None

• None

ATGCCTCTGTTCAAACTCCCAGCTGAAGAGAAACAAATTGATGATGCAATGCGCAACTTT
GCTGAAAAAGTGTTTGCCTCTGAAGTCAAAGATGAAGGAGGTCGTCAGGAGATTTCCCCC
TTTGATGTGGATGAGATCTGTCCGATTTCTCATCATGAGATGCAAGCACACATATTCCAT
CTGGAGACTCTGTCCACCTCCACAGAAGCCAGGAGAAAAAAGCGTTTCCAAGGACGGAAG
ACTGTTAATTTGTCCATTCCACTAAGTGAAACATCTTCCACCAAACTGTCCCACATTGAT
GAATACATTTCCTCATCTCCAACCTACCAGACCGTGCCTGATTTTCAGAGAGTGCAGATT
ACTGGTGACTATGCCTCTGGGGTTACAGTTGAAGATTTTGAAATTGTTTGCAAAGGTCTG
TATCGGGCACTATGCATACGTGAGAAATACATGCAGAAGTCGTTTCAGAGGTTCCCTAAA
ACCCCTTCCAAATACTTGCGGAACATTGATGGTGAGGCTTGGGTAGCAAATGAGAGCTTC
TATCCAGTCTTTACTCCTCCTGTGAAGAAGGGAGAGGACCCCTTCCGAACAGACAACCTT
CCTGAAAACCTGGGCTATCACCTCAAAATGAAGGACGGTGTAGTTTACGTCTATCCTAAT
GAAGCAGCAGTCAGCAAAGATGAGCCTAAGCCACTTCCTTACCCAAATCTGGACACCTTC
TTAGACGATATGAATTTTTTACTTGCTTTAATTGCTCAAGGACCTGTTAAGACCTATACC
CACCGGCGCCTGAAGTTCCTCTCCTCCAAGTTCCAGGTCCATCAGATGCTTAACGAGATG
GACGAGTTAAAGGAGCTGAAAAACAACCCCCACCGAGATTTTTATAACTGCAGGAAGGTG
GACACCCATATCCATGCAGCCGCTTGCATGAACCAGAAACATCTGCTGCGTTTTATTAAG
AAATCTTACCAAATTGATGCTGACAGAGTGGTCTATAGCACCAAAGAGAAGAATCTGACC
CTAAAGGAACTTTTTGCTAAATTAAAAATGCATCCTTATGACCTGACTGTTGATTCTCTG
GATGTTCATGCTGGACGCCAGACCTTCCAGCGTTTTGATAAGTTCAATGACAAATATAAT
CCTGTAGGAGCAAGTGAGCTACGGGACCTCTACTTGAAGACAGACAATTACATTAATGGG
GAATATTTTGCCACTATCATCAAGGAGGTAGGTGCGGACCTGGTGGAGGCCAAGTACCAG
CATGCTGAGCCCCGCCTGTCCATCTATGGCCGCAGTCCTGATGAGTGGAGCAAACTCTCC
TCCTGGTTCGTCTGCAATCGCATCCACTGCCCCAACATGACATGGATGATCCAGGTTCCC
AGGATCTATGATGTGTTCCGTTCCAAGAATTTCCTTCCACATTTTGGAAAAATGCTGGAG
AATATTTTCATGCCAGTGTTTGAGGCCACCATCAACCCCCAGGCTGACCCAGAACTCAGT
GTCTTCCTCAAGCATATCACTGGCTTTGACAGTGTGGATGATGAGTCCAAACACAGTGGC
CACATGTTCTCCTCCAAGAGTCCCAAGCCCCAGGAGTGGACATTGGAAAAGAATCCATCT
TACACTTACTATGCCTACTACATGTATGCAAACATCATGGTGCTCAACAGCCTGAGAAAG
GAACGAGGCATGAATACGTTTCTGTTCCGACCTCACTGTGGAGAAGCTGGAGCCCTCACC
CATCTCATGACAGCATTCATGATAGCAGATGATATCTCTCATGGCCTAAATTTAAAAAAG
AGTCCCGTGCTACAGTACTTGTTTTTCTTAGCCCAAATTCCCATCGCCATGTCACCACTA
AGTAACAATAGCCTATTTCTAGAGTATGCCAAAAATCCTTTTTTGGATTTCCTTCAGAAA
GGGCTAATGATCTCACTGTCTACAGATGACCCAATGCAATTCCACTTTACCAAGGAGCCC
CTAATGGAAGAATATGCTATTGCTGCACAAGTCTTCAAGCTGAGCACCTGTGATATGTGC
GAAGTGGCAAGGAACAGTGTCTTGCAGTGTGGAATTTCTCATGAGGAGAAAGTAAAGTTT
CTGGGCGACAATTACCTTGAGGAAGGCCCTGCTGGAAATGATATCCGGAGGACAAATGTA
GCCCAAATCCGCATGGCCTATCGCTATGAAACCTGGTGTTATGAACTCAATTTAATTGCT
GAGGGTCTTAAATCAACAGAATAA

1. Sabina RL, Morisaki T, Clarke P, Eddy R, Shows TB, Morton CC, Holmes EW: Characterization of the human and rat myoadenylate deaminase genes. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jun 5;265(16):9423-33. [PubMed ]
2. Sabina RL, Fishbein WN, Pezeshkpour G, Clarke PR, Holmes EW: Molecular analysis of the myoadenylate deaminase deficiencies. Neurology. 1992 Jan;42(1):170-9. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Morisaki T, Gross M, Morisaki H, Pongratz D, Zollner N, Holmes EW: Molecular basis of AMP deaminase deficiency in skeletal muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jul 15;89(14):6457-61. [PubMed ]
5. Morisaki H, Higuchi I, Abe M, Osame M, Morisaki T: First missense mutations (R388W and R425H) of AMPD1 accompanied with myopathy found in a Japanese patient. Hum Mutat. 2000 Dec;16(6):467-72. [PubMed ]
6. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Adenosine aminohydrolase

MAQTPAFDKPKVELHVHLDGSIKPETILYYGRRRGIALPANTAEGLLNVIGMDKPLTLPD
FLAKFDYYMPAIAGCREAIKRIAYEFVEMKAKEGVVYVEVRYSPHLLANSKVEPIPWNQA
EGDLTPDEVVALVGQGLQEGERDFGVKARSILCCMRHQPNWSPKVVELCKKYQQQTVVAI
DLAGDETIPGSSLLPGHVQAYQEAVKSGIHRTVHAGEVGSAEVVKEAVDILKTERLGHGY
HTLEDQALYNRLRQENMHFEICPWSSYLTGAWKPDTEHAVIRLKNDQANYSLNTDDPLIF
KSTLDTDYQMTKRDMGFTEEEFKRLNINAAKSSFLPEDEKRELLDLLYKAYGMPPSASAG
QNL

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• adenosine + H2O = inosine + NH3 [RN:R01560]

• A_deaminase (PF00962 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCCAGACGCCCGCCTTCGACAAGCCCAAAGTAGAACTGCATGTCCACCTAGACGGA
TCCATCAAGCCTGAAACCATCTTATACTATGGCAGGAGGAGAGGGATCGCCCTCCCAGCT
AACACAGCAGAGGGGCTGCTGAACGTCATTGGCATGGACAAGCCGCTCACCCTTCCAGAC
TTCCTGGCCAAGTTTGACTACTACATGCCTGCTATCGCGGGCTGCCGGGAGGCTATCAAA
AGGATCGCCTATGAGTTTGTAGAGATGAAGGCCAAAGAGGGCGTGGTGTATGTGGAGGTG
CGGTACAGTCCGCACCTGCTGGCCAACTCCAAAGTGGAGCCAATCCCCTGGAACCAGGCT
GAAGGGGACCTCACCCCAGACGAGGTGGTGGCCCTAGTGGGCCAGGGCCTGCAGGAGGGG
GAGCGAGACTTCGGGGTCAAGGCCCGGTCCATCCTGTGCTGCATGCGCCACCAGCCCAAC
TGGTCCCCCAAGGTGGTGGAGCTGTGTAAGAAGTACCAGCAGCAGACCGTGGTGGCCATT
GACCTGGCTGGAGATGAGACCATCCCAGGAAGCAGCCTCTTGCCTGGACATGTCCAGGCC
TACCAGGAGGCTGTGAAGAGCGGCATTCACCGTACTGTCCACGCCGGGGAGGTGGGCTCG
GCCGAAGTAGTAAAAGAGGCTGTGGACATACTCAAGACAGAGCGGCTGGGACACGGCTAC
CACACCCTGGAAGACCAGGCCCTTTATAACAGGCTGCGGCAGGAAAACATGCACTTCGAG
ATCTGCCCCTGGTCCAGCTACCTCACTGGTGCCTGGAAGCCGGACACGGAGCATGCAGTC
ATTCGGCTCAAAAATGACCAGGCTAACTACTCGCTCAACACAGATGACCCGCTCATCTTC
AAGTCCACCCTGGACACTGATTACCAGATGACCAAACGGGACATGGGCTTTACTGAAGAG
GAGTTTAAAAGGCTGAACATCAATGCGGCCAAATCTAGTTTCCTCCCAGAAGATGAAAAG
AGGGAGCTTCTCGACCTGCTCTATAAAGCCTATGGGATGCCACCTTCAGCCTCTGCAGGG
CAGAACCTCTGA

1. Daddona PE, Shewach DS, Kelley WN, Argos P, Markham AF, Orkin SH: Human adenosine deaminase. cDNA and complete primary amino acid sequence. J Biol Chem. 1984 Oct 10;259(19):12101-6. [PubMed ]
2. Wiginton DA, Adrian GS, Hutton JJ: Sequence of human adenosine deaminase cDNA including the coding region and a small intron. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Mar 12;12(5):2439-46. [PubMed ]
3. Valerio D, Duyvesteyn MG, Dekker BM, Weeda G, Berkvens TM, van der Voorn L, van Ormondt H, van der Eb AJ: Adenosine deaminase: characterization and expression of a gene with a remarkable promoter. EMBO J. 1985 Feb;4(2):437-43. [PubMed ]
4. Wiginton DA, Kaplan DJ, States JC, Akeson AL, Perme CM, Bilyk IJ, Vaughn AJ, Lattier DL, Hutton JJ: Complete sequence and structure of the gene for human adenosine deaminase. Biochemistry. 1986 Dec 16;25(25):8234-44. [PubMed ]
5. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Orkin SH, Daddona PE, Shewach DS, Markham AF, Bruns GA, Goff SC, Kelley WN: Molecular cloning of human adenosine deaminase gene sequences. J Biol Chem. 1983 Nov 10;258(21):12753-6. [PubMed ]
8. Kameoka J, Tanaka T, Nojima Y, Schlossman SF, Morimoto C: Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell activation antigen, CD26. Science. 1993 Jul 23;261(5120):466-9. [PubMed ]
9. De Meester I, Vanham G, Kestens L, Vanhoof G, Bosmans E, Gigase P, Scharpe S: Binding of adenosine deaminase to the lymphocyte surface via CD26. Eur J Immunol. 1994 Mar;24(3):566-70. [PubMed ]
10. Durinx C, Lambeir AM, Bosmans E, Falmagne JB, Berghmans R, Haemers A, Scharpe S, De Meester I: Molecular characterization of dipeptidyl peptidase activity in serum: soluble CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV is responsible for the release of X-Pro dipeptides. Eur J Biochem. 2000 Sep;267(17):5608-13. [PubMed ]
11. Gines S, Marino M, Mallol J, Canela EI, Morimoto C, Callebaut C, Hovanessian A, Casado V, Lluis C, Franco R: Regulation of epithelial and lymphocyte cell adhesion by adenosine deaminase-CD26 interaction. Biochem J. 2002 Jan 15;361(Pt 2):203-9. [PubMed ]
12. Aertgeerts K, Ye S, Shi L, Prasad SG, Witmer D, Chi E, Sang BC, Wijnands RA, Webb DR, Swanson RV: N-linked glycosylation of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD26): effects on enzyme activity, homodimer formation, and adenosine deaminase binding. Protein Sci. 2004 Jan;13(1):145-54. [PubMed ]
13. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
14. Hirschhorn R, Yang DR, Israni A: An Asp8Asn substitution results in the adenosine deaminase (ADA) genetic polymorphism (ADA 2 allozyme): occurrence on different chromosomal backgrounds and apparent intragenic crossover. Ann Hum Genet. 1994 Jan;58(Pt 1):1-9. [PubMed ]
15. Adrian GS, Wiginton DA, Hutton JJ: Structure of adenosine deaminase mRNAs from normal and adenosine deaminase-deficient human cell lines. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Sep;4(9):1712-7. [PubMed ]
16. Bonthron DT, Markham AF, Ginsburg D, Orkin SH: Identification of a point mutation in the adenosine deaminase gene responsible for immunodeficiency. J Clin Invest. 1985 Aug;76(2):894-7. [PubMed ]
17. Akeson AL, Wiginton DA, Dusing MR, States JC, Hutton JJ: Mutant human adenosine deaminase alleles and their expression by transfection into fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 1988 Nov 5;263(31):16291-6. [PubMed ]
18. Hirschhorn R, Tzall S, Ellenbogen A, Orkin SH: Identification of a point mutation resulting in a heat-labile adenosine deaminase (ADA) in two unrelated children with partial ADA deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1989 Feb;83(2):497-501. [PubMed ]
19. Hirschhorn R: Identification of two new missense mutations (R156C and S291L) in two ADA- SCID patients unusual for response to therapy with partial exchange transfusions. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(2):166-8. [PubMed ]
20. Santisteban I, Arredondo-Vega FX, Kelly S, Mary A, Fischer A, Hummell DS, Lawton A, Sorensen RU, Stiehm ER, Uribe L, et al.: Novel splicing, missense, and deletion mutations in seven adenosine deaminase-deficient patients with late/delayed onset of combined immunodeficiency disease. Contribution of genotype to phenotype. J Clin Invest. 1993 Nov;92(5):2291-302. [PubMed ]
21. Yang DR, Huie ML, Hirschhorn R: Homozygosity for a missense mutation (G20R) associated with neonatal onset adenosine deaminase-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID). Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1994 Feb;70(2):171-5. [PubMed ]
22. Santisteban I, Arredondo-Vega FX, Kelly S, Loubser M, Meydan N, Roifman C, Howell PL, Bowen T, Weinberg KI, Schroeder ML, et al.: Three new adenosine deaminase mutations that define a splicing enhancer and cause severe and partial phenotypes: implications for evolution of a CpG hotspot and expression of a transduced ADA cDNA. Hum Mol Genet. 1995 Nov;4(11):2081-7. [PubMed ]
23. Santisteban I, Arredondo-Vega FX, Kelly S, Debre M, Fischer A, Perignon JL, Hilman B, elDahr J, Dreyfus DH, Gelfand EW, et al.: Four new adenosine deaminase mutations, altering a zinc-binding histidine, two conserved alanines, and a 5' splice site. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(3):243-50. [PubMed ]
24. Hirschhorn R, Borkowsky W, Jiang CK, Yang DR, Jenkins T: Two newly identified mutations (Thr233Ile and Leu152Met) in partially adenosine deaminase-deficient (ADA-) individuals that result in differing biochemical and metabolic phenotypes. Hum Genet. 1997 Jul;100(1):22-9. [PubMed ]
25. Arrendondo-Vega FX, Santisteban I, Notarangelo LD, El Dahr J, Buckley R, Roifman C, Conley ME, Hershfield MS: Seven novel mutations in the adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene in patients with severe and delayed onset combined immunodeficiency: G74C, V129M, G140E, R149W, Q199P, 462delG, and E337del. Mutations in brief no. 142. Online. Hum Mutat. 1998;11(6):482. [PubMed ]
26. Retey JV, Adam M, Honegger E, Khatami R, Luhmann UF, Jung HH, Berger W, Landolt HP: A functional genetic variation of adenosine deaminase affects the duration and intensity of deep sleep in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Oct 25;102(43):15676-81. Epub 2005 Oct 12. [PubMed ]
27. Jones S, Zhang X, Parsons DW, Lin JC, Leary RJ, Angenendt P, Mankoo P, Carter H, Kamiyama H, Jimeno A, Hong SM, Fu B, Lin MT, Calhoun ES, Kamiyama M, Walter K, Nikolskaya T, Nikolsky Y, Hartigan J, Smith DR, Hidalgo M, Leach SD, Klein AP, Jaffee EM, Goggins M, Maitra A, Iacobuzio-Donahue C, Eshleman JR, Kern SE, Hruban RH, Karchin R, Papadopoulos N, Parmigiani G, Vogelstein B, Velculescu VE, Kinzler KW: Core signaling pathways in human pancreatic cancers revealed by global genomic analyses. Science. 2008 Sep 26;321(5897):1801-6. Epub 2008 Sep 4. [PubMed ]

1. Transglutaminase E
2. TG(E)
3. TGE
4. TGase E
5. Transglutaminase-3
6. TGase-3
7. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E 50 kDa non-catalytic chain
8. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E 27 kDa catalytic chain

MAALGVQSINWQTAFNRQAHHTDKFSSQELILRRGQNFQVLMIMNKGLGSNERLEFIVST
GPYPSESAMTKAVFPLSNGSSGGWSAVLQASNGNTLTISISSPASAPIGRYTMALQIFSQ
GGISSVKLGTFILLFNPWLNVDSVFMGNHAEREEYVQEDAGIIFVGSTNRIGMIGWNFGQ
FEEDILSICLSILDRSLNFRRDAATDVASRNDPKYVGRVLSAMINSNDDNGVLAGNWSGT
YTGGRDPRSWNGSVEILKNWKKSGFSPVRYGQCWVFAGTLNTALRSLGIPSRVITNFNSA
HDTDRNLSVDVYYDPMGNPLDKGSDSVWNFHVWNEGWFVRSDLGPSYGGWQVLDATPQER
SQGVFQCGPASVIGVREGDVQLNFDMPFIFAEVNADRITWLYDNTTGKQWKNSVNSHTIG
RYISTKAVGSNARMDVTDKYKYPEGSDQERQVFQKALGKLKPNTPFAATSSMGLETEEQE
PSIIGKLKVAGMLAVGKEVNLVLLLKNLSRDTKTVTVNMTAWTIIYNGTLVHEVWKDSAT
MSLDPEEEAEHPIKISYAQYEKYLKSDNMIRITAVCKVPDESEVVVERDIILDNPTLTLE
VLNEARVRKPVNVQMLFSNPLDEPVRDCVLMVEGSGLLLGNLKIDVPTLGPKEGSRVRFD
ILPSRSGTKQLLADFSCNKFPAIKAMLSIDVAE

• protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 [RN:R03983]

• Transglut_C (PF00927 )
• Transglut_core (PF01841 )
• Transglut_N (PF00868 )

• None

• None

ATGGCTGCTCTAGGAGTCCAGAGTATCAACTGGCAGAAGGCCTTCAACCGACAAGCGCAT
CACACAGACAAGTTCTCCAGCCAGGAGCTCATCTTGCGGAGAGGCCAAAACTTCCAGGTC
TTAATGATCATGAACAAAGGCCTTGGCTCTAACGAAAGACTGGAGTTCATTGACACCACA
GGGCCTTACCCCTCAGAGTCGGCCATGACGAAGGCTGTGTTTCCACTCTCCAATGGCAGT
AGTGGTGGCTGGAGTGCGGTGCTTCAGGCCAGCAATGGCAATACTCTGACTATCAGCATC
TCCAGTCCTGCCAGCGCACCCATAGGACGGTACACAATGGCCCTCCAGATCTTCTCCCAG
GGCGGCATCTCCTCTGTGAAACTTGGGACGTTCATACTGCTTTTTAACCCCTGGCTGAAT
GTGGATAGCGTCTTTATGGGTAACCATGCTGAGAGAGAAGAGTATGTTCAGGAAGATGCC
GGCATCATCTTTGTGGGAAGCACAAACCGAATTGGCATGATTGGCTGGAACTTTGGACAG
TTTGAAGAAGACATTCTCAGCATCTGCCTCTCAATCTTGGATAGGAGTCTGAATTTCCGC
CGTGACGCTGCTACTGATGTGGCCAGCAGAAATGACCCCAAATACGTTGGCCGGGTGCTG
AGTGCCATGATCAATAGCAATGATGACAATGGTGTGCTTGCTGGGAATTGGAGCGGCACT
TACACCGGTGGCCGGGACCCAAGGAGCTGGGACGGCAGCGTGGAGATCCTCAAAAATTGG
AAAAAATCTGGCTTCAGCCCAGTCCGATATGGCCAGTGCTGGGTCTTTGCTGGGACCCTC
AACACAGCGCTGCGGTCTTTGGGGATTCCTTCCCGGGTGATCACCAACTTCAACTCAGCT
CATGACACAGACCGAAATCTCAGTGTGGATGTGTACTACGACCCCATGGGAAACCCCCTG
GACAAGGGTAGTGATAGCGTATGGAATTTCCATGTCTGGAATGAAGGCTGGTTTGTGAGG
TCTGACCTGGGCCCCCCGTACGGTGGATGGCAGGTGTTGGATGCTACCCCGCAGGAAAGA
AGCCAAGGGGTGTTCCAGTGCGGCCCCGCTTCGGTCATTGGTGTTCGAGAGGGTGATGTG
CAGCTGAACTTCGACATGCCCTTTATCTTCGCGGAGGTTAATGCCGACCGCATCACCTGG
CTGTACGACAACACCACTGGCAAACAGTGGAAGAATTCCGTGAACAGTCACACCATTGGC
AGGTACATCAGCACCAAGGCGGTGGGCAGCAATGCTCGCATGGACGTCACGGACAAGTAC
AAGTACCCAGAAGGCTCTGACCAGGAAAGACAAGTGTTCCAAAAGGCTTTGGGGAAACTT
AAACCCAACACGCCATTTGCCGCGACGTCTTCGATGGGTTTGGAAACAGAGGAACAGGAG
CCCAGCATCATCGGGAAGCTGAAGGTCGCTGGCATGCTGGCAGTAGGCAAAGAAGTCAAC
CTGGTCCTACTGCTCAAAAACCTGAGCAGGGATACGAAGACAGTGACAGTGAACATGACA
GCCTGGACCATCATCTACAACGGCACGCTTGTACATGAAGTGTGGAAGGACTCTGCCACA
ATGTCCCTGGACCCTGAGGAAGAGGCAGAACATCCCATAAAGATCTCGTACGCTCAGTAT
GAGAGGTACCTGAAGTCAGACAACATGATCCGGATCACAGCGGTGTGCAAGGTCCCAGAT
GAGTCTGAGGTGGTGGTGGAGCGGGACATCATCCTGGACAACCCCACCTTGACCCTGGAG
GTGCTGAACGAGGCTCGTGTGCGGAAGCCTGTGAACGTGCAGATGCTCTTCTCCAATCCA
CTGGATGAGCCGGTGAGGGACTGCGTGCTGATGGTGGAGGGAAGCGGCCTGCTGTTGGGT
AACCTGAAGATCGACGTGCCGACCCTAGGGCCCAAGGAGCGGTCCCGGGTCCGTTTTGAT
ATCCTGCCCTCCCGGAGTGGCACCAAGCAACTGCTCGCCGACTTCTCCTGCAACAAGTTC
CCTGCAATCAAGGCCATGTTGTCCATCGACGTAGCCGAATGA

1. Kim IG, Gorman JJ, Park SC, Chung SI, Steinert PM: The deduced sequence of the novel protransglutaminase E (TGase3) of human and mouse. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jun 15;268(17):12682-90. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]

1. GDH 2

MYRYLAKALLPSRAGPAALGSAANHSAALLGRGRGQPAAASQPGLALAARRHYSELVADR
EDDPNFFKMVEGFFDRGASIVEDKLVKDLRTQESEEQKRNRVRGILRIIKPCNHVLSLSF
PIRRDDGSWEVIEGYRAQHSQHRTPCKGGIRYSTDVSVDEVKALASLMTYKCAVVDVPFG
GAKAGVKINPKNYTENELEKITRRFTMELAKKGFIGPGVDVPAPDMNTGEREMSWIADTY
ASTIGHYDINAHACVTGKPISQGGIHGRISATGRGVFHGIENFINEASYMSILGMTPGFR
DKTFVVQGFGNVGLHSMRYLHRFGAKCIAVGESDGSIWNPDGIDPKELEDFKLQHGSILG
FPKAKPYEGSILEVDCDILIPAATEKQLTKSNAPRVKAKIIAEGANGPTTPEADKIFLER
NILVIPDLYLNAGGVTVSYFEWLKNLNHVSYGRLTFKYERDSNYHLLLSVQESLERKFGK
HGGTIPIVPTAEFQDSISGASEKDIVHSALAYTMERSARQIMHTAMKYNLGLDLRTAAYV
NAIEKVFKVYSEAGVTFT

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• D-Glutamine and D-Glutamate Metabolism (map00471 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Nitrogen Metabolism (map00910 )

• L-glutamate + H2O + NAD(P)+ = 2-oxoglutarate + NH3 + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R00243 R00248]

• ELFV_dehydrog (PF00208 )
• ELFV_dehydrog_N (PF02812 )

• None

• None

ATGTACCGCTACCTGGCCAAAGCGCTGCTGCCGTCCCGGGCCGGGCCCGCTGCCCTGGGC
TCCGCGGCCAACCACTCGGCCGCGTTGCTGGGCCGGGGCCGCGGACAGCCCGCCGCCGCC
TCGCAGCCGGGGCTCGCATTGGCCGCCCGGCGCCACTACAGCGAGTTGGTGGCCGACCGC
GAGGACGACCCCAACTTCTTCAAGATGGTGGAGGGCTTCTTCGATCGCGGCGCCAGCATC
GTGGAGGACAAGTTGGTGAAGGACCTGAGGACCCAGGAAAGCGAGGAGCAGAAGCGGAAC
CGGGTGCGCGGCATCCTGCGGATCATCAAGCCCTGCAACCATGTGCTGAGTCTCTCCTTC
CCCATCCGGCGCGACGACGGCTCCTGGGAGGTCATCGAAGGCTACCGGGCCCAGCACAGC
CAGCACCGCACGCCCTGCAAGGGAGGTATCCGTTACAGCACTGATGTGAGTGTAGATGAA
GTAAAAGCTTTGGCTTCTCTGATGACATACAAGTGTGCAGTGGTTGATGTGCCGTTTGGG
GGTGCTAAAGCTGGTGTTAAGATCAATCCCAAGAACTATACCGAAAATGAATTGGAAAAG
ATCACAAGGAGGTTCACCATGGAGCTAGCAAAGAAGGGCTTTATTGGTCCTGGCGTTGAT
GTGCCTGCTCCAGACATGAACACAGGTGAGCGGGAGATGTCCTGGATTGCTGATACCTAT
GCCAGCACCATAGGGCACTATGATATTAATGCACACGCCTGTGTTACTGGTAAACCCATC
AGCCAAGGGGGAATCCATGGACGCATCTCTGCTACTGGCCGTGGTGTCTTCCATGGGATT
GAAAACTTCATCAATGAAGCTTCTTACATGAGCATTTTAGGAATGACACCAGGGTTTAGA
GATAAAACATTTGTTGTTCAGGGATTTGGTAATGTGGGCCTACACTCTATGAGATATTTA
CATCGTTTTGGTGCTAAATGTATTGCTGTTGGTGAGTCTGATGGGAGTATATGGAATCCA
GATGGTATTGACCCAAAGGAACTGGAAGACTTCAAATTGCAACATGGGTCCATTCTGGGC
TTCCCCAAGGCAAAGCCCTATGAAGGAAGCATCTTGGAGGTCGACTGTGACATACTGATC
CCAGCTGCCACTGAGAAGCAGTTGACCAAATCCAACGCACCCAGAGTCAAAGCCAAGATC
ATTGCTGAAGGTGCCAATGGGCCAACAACTCCAGAAGCTGATAAGATCTTCCTGGAGAGA
AACATTTTGGTTATTCCAGATCTCTACTTGAATGCTGGAGGAGTGACAGTATCTTACTTT
GAGTGGCTGAAGAATCTAAATCATGTCAGCTATGGCCGTTTGACCTTCAAATATGAAAGG
GATTCTAACTACCACTTGCTCCTGTCTGTTCAAGAGAGTTTAGAAAGAAAATTTGGAAAG
CATGGTGGAACTATTCCCATTGTACCCACGGCAGAGTTCCAAGACAGTATATCGGGTGCA
TCTGAGAAAGACATTGTGCACTCTGCCTTGGCATACACAATGGAGCGTTCTGCCAGGCAA
ATTATGCACACAGCCATGAAGTATAACCTGGGATTGGACCTGAGAACAGCTGCCTATGTC
AATGCCATTGAAAAAGTCTTCAAAGTGTACAGTGAAGCTGGTGTGACCTTCACATAG

1. Shashidharan P, Michaelidis TM, Robakis NK, Kresovali A, Papamatheakis J, Plaitakis A: Novel human glutamate dehydrogenase expressed in neural and testicular tissues and encoded by an X-linked intronless gene. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 17;269(24):16971-6. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, Scherer S, McLay K, Muzny D, Platzer M, Howell GR, Burrows C, Bird CP, Frankish A, Lovell FL, Howe KL, Ashurst JL, Fulton RS, Sudbrak R, Wen G, Jones MC, Hurles ME, Andrews TD, Scott CE, Searle S, Ramser J, Whittaker A, Deadman R, Carter NP, Hunt SE, Chen R, Cree A, Gunaratne P, Havlak P, Hodgson A, Metzker ML, Richards S, Scott G, Steffen D, Sodergren E, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Ainscough R, Ambrose KD, Ansari-Lari MA, Aradhya S, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Ballabio A, Banerjee R, Barker GE, Barlow KF, Barrett IP, Bates KN, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Beck A, Bethel G, Blechschmidt K, Brady N, Bray-Allen S, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Brown MJ, Bonnin D, Bruford EA, Buhay C, Burch P, Burford D, Burgess J, Burrill W, Burton J, Bye JM, Carder C, Carrel L, Chako J, Chapman JC, Chavez D, Chen E, Chen G, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chinault C, Ciccodicola A, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Clifford K, Cobley V, Cole CG, Conquer JS, Corby N, Connor RE, David R, Davies J, Davis C, Davis J, Delgado O, Deshazo D, Dhami P, Ding Y, Dinh H, Dodsworth S, Draper H, Dugan-Rocha S, Dunham A, Dunn M, Durbin KJ, Dutta I, Eades T, Ellwood M, Emery-Cohen A, Errington H, Evans KL, Faulkner L, Francis F, Frankland J, Fraser AE, Galgoczy P, Gilbert J, Gill R, Glockner G, Gregory SG, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gu Y, Gwilliam R, Hamilton C, Hart EA, Hawes A, Heath PD, Heitmann K, Hennig S, Hernandez J, Hinzmann B, Ho S, Hoffs M, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hume J, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Isherwood J, Jacob L, Johnson D, Jones S, de Jong PJ, Joseph SS, Keenan S, Kelly S, Kershaw JK, Khan Z, Kioschis P, Klages S, Knights AJ, Kosiura A, Kovar-Smith C, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leversha M, Lewis L, Liu W, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loulseged H, Loveland JE, Lovell JD, Lozado R, Lu J, Lyne R, Ma J, Maheshwari M, Matthews LH, McDowall J, McLaren S, McMurray A, Meidl P, Meitinger T, Milne S, Miner G, Mistry SL, Morgan M, Morris S, Muller I, Mullikin JC, Nguyen N, Nordsiek G, Nyakatura G, O'Dell CN, Okwuonu G, Palmer S, Pandian R, Parker D, Parrish J, Pasternak S, Patel D, Pearce AV, Pearson DM, Pelan SE, Perez L, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Reichwald K, Rhodes S, Ridler KA, Schlessinger D, Schueler MG, Sehra HK, Shaw-Smith C, Shen H, Sheridan EM, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Sotheran EC, Steingruber HE, Steward CA, Storey R, Swann RM, Swarbreck D, Tabor PE, Taudien S, Taylor T, Teague B, Thomas K, Thorpe A, Timms K, Tracey A, Trevanion S, Tromans AC, d'Urso M, Verduzco D, Villasana D, Waldron L, Wall M, Wang Q, Warren J, Warry GL, Wei X, West A, Whitehead SL, Whiteley MN, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams G, Williams L, Williamson A, Williamson H, Wilming L, Woodmansey RL, Wray PW, Yen J, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zoghbi H, Zorilla S, Buck D, Reinhardt R, Poustka A, Rosenthal A, Lehrach H, Meindl A, Minx PJ, Hillier LW, Willard HF, Wilson RK, Waterston RH, Rice CM, Vaudin M, Coulson A, Nelson DL, Weinstock G, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Gibbs RA, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature. 2005 Mar 17;434(7031):325-37. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. Tissue transglutaminase
2. Transglutaminase C
3. TG(C)
4. TGC
5. TGase C
6. Transglutaminase H
7. TGase H
8. Transglutaminase-2
9. TGase-2

MAEELVLERCDLELETNGRDHHTADLCREKLVVRRGQPFWLTLHFEGRNYEASVDSLTFS
VVTGPAPSQEAGTKARFPLRDAVEEGDWTATVVDQQDCTLSLQLTTPANAPIGLYRLSLE
ASTGYQGSSFVLGHFILLFNAWCPADAVYLDSEEERQEYVLTQQGFIYQGSAKFIKNIPW
NFGQFEDGILDICLILLDVNPKFLKNAGRDCSRRSSPVYVGRVVSGMVNCNDDQGVLLGR
WDNNYGDGVSPMSWIGSVDILRRWKNHGCQRVKYGQCWVFAAVACTVLRCLGIPTRVVTN
YNSAHDQNSNLLIEYFRNEFGEIQGDKSEMIWNFHCWVESWMTRPDLQPGYEGWQALDPT
PQEKSEGTYCCGPVPVRAIKEGDLSTKYDAPFVFAEVNADVVDWIQQDDGSVHKSINRSL
IVGLKISTKSVGRDEREDITHTYKYPEGSSEEREAFTRANHLNKLAEKEETGMAMRIRVG
QSMNMGSDFDVFAHITNNTAEEYVCRLLLCARTVSYNGILGPECGTKYLLNLNLEPFSEK
SVPLCILYEKYRDCLTESNLIKVRALLVEPVINSYLLAERDLYLENPEIKIRILGEPKQK
RKLVAEVSLQNPLPVALEGCTFTVEGAGLTEEQKTVEIPDPVEAGEEVKVRMDLLPLHMG
LHKLVVNFESDKLKAVKGFRNVIIGPA

• protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 [RN:R03983]

• Transglut_C (PF00927 )
• Transglut_core (PF01841 )
• Transglut_N (PF00868 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCGAGGAGCTGGTCTTAGAGAGGTGTGATCTGGAGCTGGAGACCAATGGCCGAGAC
CACCACACGGCCGACCTGTGCCGGGAGAAGCTGGTGGTGCGACGGGGCCAGCCCTTCTGG
CTGACCCTGCACTTTGAGGGCCGCAACTACGAGGCCAGTGTAGACAGTCTCACCTTCAGT
GTCGTGACCGGCCCAGCCCCTAGCCAGGAGGCCGGGACCAAGGCCCGTTTTCCACTAAGA
GATGCTGTGGAGGAGGGTGACTGGACAGCCACCGTGGTGGACCAGCAAGACTGCACCCTC
TCGCTGCAGCTCACCACCCCGGCCAACGCCCCCATCGGCCTGTATCGCCTCAGCCTGGAG
GCCTCCACTGGCTACCAGGGATCCAGCTTTGTGCTGGGCCACTTCATTTTGCTCTTCAAC
GCCTGGTGCCCAGCGGATGCTGTGTACCTGGACTCGGAAGAGGAGCGGCAGGAGTATGTC
CTCACCCAGCAGGGCTTTATCTACCAGGGCTCGGCCAAGTTCATCAAGAACATACCTTGG
AATTTTGGGCAGTTTGAAGATGGGATCCTAGACATCTGCCTGATCCTTCTAGATGTCAAC
CCCAAGTTCCTGAAGAACGCCGGCCGTGACTGCTCCCGCCGCAGCAGCCCCGTCTACGTG
GGCCGGGTGGTGAGTGGCATGGTCAACTGCAACGATGACCAGGGTGTGCTGCTGGGACGC
TGGGACAACAACTACGGGGACGGCGTCAGCCCCATGTCCTGGATCGGCAGCGTGGACATC
CTGCGGCGCTGGAAGAACCACGGCTGCCAGCGCGTCAAGTATGGCCAGTGCTGGGTCTTC
GCCGCCGTGGCCTGCACAGTGCTGAGGTGCCTGGGCATCCCTACCCGCGTCGTGACCAAC
TACAACTCGGCCCATGACCAGAACAGCAACCTTCTCATCGAGTACTTCCGCAATGAGTTT
GGGGAGATCCAGGGTGACAAGAGCGAGATGATCTGGAACTTCCACTGCTGGGTGGAGTCG
TGGATGACCAGGCCGGACCTGCAGCCGGGGTACGAGGGCTGGCAGGCCCTGGACCCAACG
CCCCAGGAGAAGAGCGAAGGGACGTACTGCTGTGGCCCAGTTCCAGTTCGTGCCATCAAG
GAGGGCGACCTGAGCACCAAGTACGATGCGCCCTTTGTCTTTGCGGAGGTCAATGCCGAC
GTGGTAGACTGGATCCAGCAGGACGATGGGTCTGTGCACAAATCCATCAACCGTTCCCTG
ATCGTTGGGCTGAAGATCAGCACTAAGAGCGTGGGCCGAGACGAGCGGGAGGATATCACC
CACACCTACAAATACCCAGAGGGGTCCTCAGAGGAGAGGGAGGCCTTCACAAGGGCGAAC
CACCTGAACAAACTGGCCGAGAAGGAGGAGACAGGGATGGCCATGCGGATCCGTGTGGGC
CAGAGCATGAACATGGGCAGTGACTTTGACGTCTTTGCCCACATCACCAACAACACCGCT
GAGGAGTACGTCTGCCGCCTCCTGCTCTGTGCCCGCACCGTCAGCTACAATGGGATCTTG
GGGCCCGAGTGTGGCACCAAGTACCTGCTCAACCTCAACCTGGAGCCTTTCTCTGAGAAG
AGCGTTCCTCTTTGCATCCTCTATGAGAAATACCGTGACTGCCTTACGGAGTCCAACCTC
ATCAAGGTGCGGGCCCTCCTCGTGGAGCCAGTTATCAACAGCTACCTGCTGGCTGAGAGG
GACCTCTACCTGGAGAATCCAGAAATCAAGATCCGGATCCTTGGGGAGCCCAAGCAGAAA
CGCAAGCTGGTGGCTGAGGTGTCCCTGCAGAACCCGCTCCCTGTGGCCCTGGAAGGCTGC
ACCTTCACTGTGGAGGGGGCCGGCCTGACTGAGGAGCAGAAGACGGTGGAGATCCCAGAC
CCCGTGGAGGCAGGGGAGGAAGTTAAGGTGAGAATGGACCTGCTGCCGCTCCACATGGGC
CTCCACAAGCTGGTGGTGAACTTCGAGAGCGACAAGCTGAAGGCTGTGAAGGGCTTCCGG
AATGTCATCATTGGCCCCGCCTAA

1. Gentile V, Saydak M, Chiocca EA, Akande O, Birckbichler PJ, Lee KN, Stein JP, Davies PJ: Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones to mouse macrophage and human endothelial cell tissue transglutaminases. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jan 5;266(1):478-83. [PubMed ]
2. Fraij BM, Birckbichler PJ, Patterson MK Jr, Lee KN, Gonzales RA: A retinoic acid-inducible mRNA from human erythroleukemia cells encodes a novel tissue transglutaminase homologue. J Biol Chem. 1992 Nov 5;267(31):22616-23. [PubMed ]
3. Fraij BM, Gonzales RA: A third human tissue transglutaminase homologue as a result of alternative gene transcripts. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 Apr 10;1306(1):63-74. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
8. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed ]
9. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed ]
10. Pinkas DM, Strop P, Brunger AT, Khosla C: Transglutaminase 2 undergoes a large conformational change upon activation. PLoS Biol. 2007 Dec;5(12):e327. [PubMed ]
11. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]
12. Porzio O, Massa O, Cunsolo V, Colombo C, Malaponti M, Bertuzzi F, Hansen T, Johansen A, Pedersen O, Meschi F, Terrinoni A, Melino G, Federici M, Decarlo N, Menicagli M, Campani D, Marchetti P, Ferdaoussi M, Froguel P, Federici G, Vaxillaire M, Barbetti F: Missense mutations in the TGM2 gene encoding transglutaminase 2 are found in patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes. Mutation in brief no. 982. Online. Hum Mutat. 2007 Nov;28(11):1150. [PubMed ]

1. SDH
2. L-serine deaminase
3. L-threonine dehydratase
4. TDH

MMSGEPLHVKTPIRDSMALSKMAGTSVYLKMDSAQPSGSFKIRGIGHFCKRWAKQGCAHF
VCSSAGNAGMAAAYAARQLGVPATIVVPSTTPALTIERLKNEGATVKVVGELLDEAFELA
KALAKNNPGWVYIPPFDDPLIWEGHASIVKELKETLWEKPGAIALSVGGGGLLCGVVQGL
QEVGWGDVPVIAMETFGAHSFHAATTAGKLVSLPKITSVAKALGVKTVGAQALKLFQEHP
IFSEVISDQEAVAAIEKFVDDEKILVEPACGAALAAVYSHVIQKLQLEGNLRTPLPSLVV
IVCGGSNISLAQLRALKEQLGMTNRLPK

• Cysteine Metabolism (map00272 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )

• L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH3 [RN:R00996]

• PALP (PF00291 )

• None

• None

ATGATGTCTGGAGAACCCCTGCACGTGAAGACCCCCATCCGTGACAGCATGGCCCTGTCC
AAAATGGCCGGCACCAGCGTCTACCTCAAGATGGACAGTGCCCAGCCCTCCGGCTCCTTC
AAGATCCGGGGCATTGGGCACTTCTGCAAGAGGTGGGCCAAGCAAGGCTGTGCACATTTT
GTCTGCTCCTCGGCGGGCAACGCAGGCATGGCGGCTGCATATGCGGCCAGGCAACTCGGC
GTCCCCGCCACCATCGTGGTGCCCAGCACCACACCTGCTCTCACCATTGAGCGCCTCAAG
AATGAAGGTGCCACAGTCAAGGTGGTGGGTGAGTTATTGGATGAAGCCTTCGAGCTGGCC
AAGGCCCTAGCGAAGAACAACCCGGGTTGGGTCTACATTCCCCCCTTTGATGACCCCCTC
ATCTGGGAAGGCCACGCTTCCATCGTGAAAGAGCTGAAGGAGACACTGTGGGAAAAGCCG
GGGGCCATCGCGCTGTCAGTGGGCGGCGGGGGCCTGCTGTGTGGAGTGGTCCAGGGGCTG
CAGGAGGTGGGCTGGGGGGACGTGCCTGTCATCGCCATGGAGACTTTTGGTGCCCACAGC
TTCCACGCTGCCACCACCGCAGGCAAACTTGTCTCCCTGCCCAAGATCACCAGTGTTGCC
AAGGCCCTGGGCGTGAAGACTGTGGGGGCTCAGGCCCTGAAGCTGTTTCAGGAACACCCC
ATTTTCTCTGAAGTTATCTCGGACCAGGAGGCTGTGGCCGCCATTGAGAAGTTCGTGGAT
GATGAGAAGATCCTGGTGGAGCCCGCCTGCGGGGCAGCCCTGGCCGCTGTCTATAGCCAC
GTGATCCAGAAGCTCCAACTGGAGGGGAATCTCCGAACCCCGCTGCCATCCCTCGTGGTC
ATCGTCTGCGGGGGCAGCAACATCAGCCTGGCCCAGCTGCGGGCGCTCAAGGAACAGCTG
GGCATGACAAATAGGTTGCCCAAGTGA

1. Ogawa H, Gomi T, Konishi K, Date T, Nakashima H, Nose K, Matsuda Y, Peraino C, Pitot HC, Fujioka M: Human liver serine dehydratase. cDNA cloning and sequence homology with hydroxyamino acid dehydratases from other sources. J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 25;264(27):15818-23. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Yamada T, Komoto J, Kasuya T, Takata Y, Ogawa H, Mori H, Takusagawa F: A catalytic mechanism that explains a low catalytic activity of serine dehydratase like-1 from human cancer cells: crystal structure and site-directed mutagenesis studies. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 May;1780(5):809-18. Epub 2008 Feb 19. [PubMed ]
4. Sun L, Li X, Dong Y, Yang M, Liu Y, Han X, Zhang X, Pang H, Rao Z: Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human serine dehydratase. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2003 Dec;59(Pt 12):2297-9. Epub 2003 Nov 27. [PubMed ]

1. Coagulation factor XIIIa
2. Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase A chain
3. Transglutaminase A chain

MSETSRTAFGGRRAVPPNNSNAAEDDLPTVELQGVVPRGVNLQEFLNVTSVHLFKERWDT
NKVDHHTDKYENNKLIVRRGQSFYVQIDFSRPYDPRRDLFRVEYVIGRYPQENKGTYIPV
PIVSELQSGKWGAKIVMREDRSVRLSIQSSPKCIVGKFRMYVAVWTPYGVLRTSRNPETD
TYILFNPWCEDDAVYLDNEKEREEYVLNDIGVIFYGEVNDIKTRSWSYGQFEDGILDTCL
YVMDRAQMDLSGRGNPIKVSRVGSAMVNAKDDEGVLVGSWDNIYAYGVPPSAWTGSVDIL
LEYRSSENPVRYGQCWVFAGVFNTFLRCLGIPARIVTNYFSAHDNDANLQMDIFLEEDGN
VNSKLTKDSVWNYHCWNEAWMTRPDLPVGFGGWQAVDSTPQENSDGMYRCGPASVQAIKH
GHVCFQFDAPFVFAEVNSDLIYITAKKDGTHVVENVDATHIGKLIVTKQIGGDGMMDITD
TYKFQEGQEEERLALETALMYGAKKPLNTEGVMKSRSNVDMDFEVENAVLGKDFKLSITF
RNNSHNRYTITAYLSANITFYTGVPKAEFKKETFDVTLEPLSFKKEAVLIQAGEYMGQLL
EQASLHFFVTARINETRDVLAKQKSTVLTIPEIIIKVRGTQVVGSDMTVTVQFTNPLKET
LRNVWVHLDGPGVTRPMKKMFREIRPNSTVQWEEVCRPWVSGHRKLIASMSSDSLRHVYG
ELDVQIQRRPSM

• protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 [RN:R03983]

• Transglut_C (PF00927 )
• Transglut_core (PF01841 )
• Transglut_N (PF00868 )

• None

• None

ATGTCAGAAACTTCCAGGACCGCCTTTGGAGGCAGAAGAGCAGTTCCACCCAATAACTCT
AATGCAGCGGAAGATGACCTGCCCACAGTGGAGCTTCAGGGCGTGGTGCCCCGGGGCGTC
AACCTGCAAGAGTTTCTTAATGTCACGAGCGTTCACCTGTTCAAGGAGAGATGGGACACT
AACAAGGTGGACCACCACACTGACAAGTATGAAAACAACAAGCTGATTGTCCGCAGAGGG
CAGTCTTTCTATGTGCAGATTGACTTCAGTCGTCCATATGACCCCAGAAGGGATCTCTTC
AGGGTGGAATACGTCATTGGTCGCTACCCACAGGAGAACAAGGGAACCTACATCCCAGTG
CCTATAGTCTCAGAGTTACAAAGTGGAAAGTGGGGGGCCAAGATTGTCATGAGAGAGGAC
AGGTCTGTGCGGCTGTCCATCCAGTCTTCCCCCAAATGTATTGTGGGGAAATTCCGCATG
TATGTTGCTGTCTGGACTCCCTATGGCGTACTTCGAACCAGTCGAAACCCAGAAACAGAC
ACGTACATTCTCTTCAATCCTTGGTGTGAAGATGATGCTGTGTATCTGGACAATGAGAAA
GAAAGAGAAGAGTATGTCCTGAATGACATCGGGGTAATTTTTTATGGAGAGGTCAATGAC
ATCAAGACCAGAAGCTGGAGCTATGGTCAGTTTGAAGATGGCATCCTGGACACTTGCCTG
TATGTGATGGACAGAGCACAAATGGACCTCTCTGGAAGAGGGAATCCCATCAAAGTCAGC
CGTGTGGGGTCTGCAATGGTGAATGCCAAAGATGACGAAGGTGTCCTCGTTGGATCCTGG
GACAATATCTATGCCTATGGCGTCCCCCCATCGGCCTGGACTGGAAGCGTTGACATTCTA
TTGGAATACCGGAGCTCTGAGAATCCAGTCCGGTATGGCCAATGCTGGGTTTTTGCTGGT
GTCTTTAACACATTTTTACGATGCCTTGGAATACCAGCAAGAATTGTTACCAATTATTTC
TCTGCCCATGATAATGATGCCAATTTGCAAATGGACATCTTCCTGGAAGAAGATGGGAAC
GTGAATTCCAAACTCACCAAGGATTCAGTGTGGAACTACCACTGCTGGAATGAAGCATGG
ATGACAAGGCCTGACCTTCCTGTTGGATTTGGAGGCTGGCAAGCTGTGGACAGCACCCCC
CAGGAAAATAGCGATGGCATGTATCGGTGTGGCCCCGCCTCGGTTCAAGCCATCAAGCAC
GGCCATGTCTGCTTCCAATTTGATGCACCTTTTGTTTTTGCAGAGGTCAACAGCGACCTC
ATTTACATTACAGCTAAGAAAGATGGCACTCATGTGGTGGAAAATGTGGATGCCACCCAC
ATTGGGAAATTAATTGTGACCAAACAAATTGGAGGAGATGGCATGATGGATATTACTGAT
ACTTACAAATTCCAAGAAGGTCAAGAAGAAGAGAGATTGGCCCTAGAAACTGCCCTGATG
TACGGAGCTAAAAAGCCCCTCAACACAGAAGGTGTCATGAAATCAAGGTCCAACGTTGAC
ATGGACTTTGAAGTGGAAAATGCTGTGCTGGGAAAAGACTTCAAGCTCTCCATCACCTTC
CGGAACAACAGCCACAACCGTTACACCATCACAGCTTATCTCTCAGCCAACATCACCTTC
TACACCGGGGTCCCGAAGGCAGAATTCAAGAAGGAGACGTTCGACGTGACGCTGGAGCCC
TTGTCCTTCAAGAAAGAGGCGGTGCTGATCCAAGCCGGCGAGTACATGGGTCAGCTGCTG
GAACAAGCGTCCCTGCACTTCTTTGTCACAGCTCGCATCAATGAGACCAGGGATGTTCTG
GCCAAGCAAAAGTCCACCGTGCTAACCATCCCTGAGATCATCATCAAGGTCCGTGGCACT
CAGGTAGTTGGTTCTGACATGACTGTGACAGTTGAGTTTACCAATCCTTTAAAAGAAACC
CTGCGAAATGTCTGGGTACACCTGGATGGTCCTGGAGTAACAAGACCAATGAAGAAGATG
TTCCGTGAAATCCGGCCCAACTCCACCGTGCAGTGGGAAGAAGTGTGCCGGCCCTGGGTC
TCTGGGCATCGGAAGCTGATAGCCAGCATGAGCAGTGACTCCCTGAGACATGTGTATGGC
GAGCTGGACGTGCAGATTCAAAGACGACCTTCCATGTGA

1. Ichinose A, Hendrickson LE, Fujikawa K, Davie EW: Amino acid sequence of the a subunit of human factor XIII. Biochemistry. 1986 Nov 4;25(22):6900-6. [PubMed ]
2. Grundmann U, Amann E, Zettlmeissl G, Kupper HA: Characterization of cDNA coding for human factor XIIIa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8024-8. [PubMed ]
3. Ichinose A, Davie EW: Characterization of the gene for the a subunit of human factor XIII (plasma transglutaminase), a blood coagulation factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):5829-33. [PubMed ]
4. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Putnam FW: Primary structure of blood coagulation factor XIIIa (fibrinoligase, transglutaminase) from human placenta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8019-23. [PubMed ]
7. Takagi T, Doolittle RF: Amino acid sequence studies on factor XIII and the peptide released during its activation by thrombin. Biochemistry. 1974 Feb 12;13(4):750-6. [PubMed ]
8. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed ]
9. Yee VC, Pedersen LC, Le Trong I, Bishop PD, Stenkamp RE, Teller DC: Three-dimensional structure of a transglutaminase: human blood coagulation factor XIII. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 19;91(15):7296-300. [PubMed ]
10. Yee VC, Pedersen LC, Bishop PD, Stenkamp RE, Teller DC: Structural evidence that the activation peptide is not released upon thrombin cleavage of factor XIII. Thromb Res. 1995 Jun 1;78(5):389-97. [PubMed ]
11. Weiss MS, Metzner HJ, Hilgenfeld R: Two non-proline cis peptide bonds may be important for factor XIII function. FEBS Lett. 1998 Feb 27;423(3):291-6. [PubMed ]
12. Fox BA, Yee VC, Pedersen LC, Le Trong I, Bishop PD, Stenkamp RE, Teller DC: Identification of the calcium binding site and a novel ytterbium site in blood coagulation factor XIII by x-ray crystallography. J Biol Chem. 1999 Feb 19;274(8):4917-23. [PubMed ]
13. Suzuki K, Iwata M, Ito S, Matsui K, Uchida A, Mizoi Y: Molecular basis for subtypic differences of the "a" subunit of coagulation factor XIII with description of the genesis of the subtypes. Hum Genet. 1994 Aug;94(2):129-35. [PubMed ]
14. Board P, Coggan M, Miloszewski K: Identification of a point mutation in factor XIII A subunit deficiency. Blood. 1992 Aug 15;80(4):937-41. [PubMed ]
15. Kangsadalampai S, Board PG: The Val34Leu polymorphism in the A subunit of coagulation factor XIII contributes to the large normal range in activity and demonstrates that the activation peptide plays a role in catalytic activity. Blood. 1998 Oct 15;92(8):2766-70. [PubMed ]
16. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed ]

1. HL-60 PAD
2. Peptidylarginine deiminase IV
3. Protein-arginine deiminase type IV

MAQGTLIRVTPEQPTHAVCVLGTLTQLDICSSAPEDCTSFSINASPGVVVDIAHGPPAKK
KSTGSSTWPLDPGVEVTLTMKVASGSTGDQKVQISYYGPKTPPVKALLYLTGVEISLCAD
ITRTGKVKPTRAVKDQRTWTWGPCGQGAILLVNCDRDNLESSAMDCEDDEVLDSEDLQDM
SLMTLSTKTPKDFFTNHTLVLHVARSEMDKVRVFQATRGKLSSKCSVVLGPKWPSHYLMV
PGGKHNMDFYVEALAFPDTDFPGLITLTISLLDTSNLELPEAVVFQDSVVFRVAPWIMTP
NTQPPQEVYACSIFENEDFLKSVTTLAMKAKCKLTICPEEENMDDQWMQDEMEIGYIQAP
HKTLPVVFDSPRNRGLKEFPIKRVMGPDFGYVTRGPQTGGISGLDSFGNLEVSPPVTVRG
KEYPLGRILFGDSCYPSNDSRQMHQALQDFLSAQQVQAPVKLYSDWLSVGHVDEFLSFVP
APDRKGFRLLLASPRSCYKLFQEQQNEGHGEALLFEGIKKKKQQKIKNILSNKTLREHNS
FVERCIDWNRELLKRELGLAESDIIDIPQLFKLKEFSKAEAFFPNMVNMLVLGKHLGIPK
PFGPVINGRCCLEEKVCSLLEPLGLQCTFINDFFTYHIRHGEVHCGTNVRRKPFSFKWWN
MVP

• protein L-arginine + H2O = protein L-citrulline + NH3 [RN:R02621]

• PAD (PF03068 )
• PAD_M (PF08527 )
• PAD_N (PF08526 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCCAGGGGACATTGATCCGTGTGACCCCAGAGCAGCCCACCCATGCCGTGTGTGTG
CTGGGCACCTTGACTCAGCTTGACATCTGCAGCTCTGCCCCTGAGGACTGCACGTCCTTC
AGCATCAACGCCTCCCCAGGGGTGGTCGTGGATATTGCCCACAGCCCTCCAGCCAAGAAG
AAATCCACAGGTTCCTCCACATGGCCCCTGGACCCTGGGGTAGAGGTGACCCTGACGATG
AAAGCGGCCAGTGGTAGCACAGGCGACCAGAAGGTTCAGATTTCATACTACGGACCCAAG
ACTCCACCAGTCAAAGCTCTACTCTACCTCACCGCGGTGGAAATCTCCCTGTGCGCAGAC
ATCACCCGCACCGGCAAAGTGAAGCCAACCAGAGCTGTGAAAGATCAGAGGACCTGGACC
TGGGGCCCTTGTGGACAGGGTGCCATCCTGCTGGTGAACTGTGACAGAGACAATCTCGAA
TCTTCTGCCATGGACTGCGAGGATGATGAAGTGCTTGACAGCGAAGACCTGCAGGACATG
TCGCTGATGACCCTGAGCACGAAGACCCCCAAGGACTTCTTCACAAACCATACACTGGTG
CTCCACGTGGCCAGGTCTGAGATGGACAAAGTGAGGGTGTTTCAGGCCACACGGGGCAAA
CTGTCCTCCAAGTGCAGCGTAGTCTTGGGTCCCAAGTGGCCCTCTCACTACCTGATGGTC
CCCGGTGGAAAGCACAACATGGACTTCTACGTGGAGGCCCTCGCTTTCCCGGACACCGAC
TTCCCGGGGCTCATTACCCTCACCATCTCCCTGCTGGACACGTCCAACCTGGAGCTCCCC
GAGGCTGTGGTGTTCCAAGACAGCGTGGTCTTCCGCGTGGCGCCCTGGATCATGACCCCC
AACACCCAGCCCCCGCAGGAGGTGTACGCGTGCAGTATTTTTGAAAATGAGGACTTCCTG
AAGTCAGTGACTACTCTGGCCATGAAAGCCAAGTGCAAGCTGACCATCTGCCCTGAGGAG
GAGAACATGGATGACCAGTGGATGCAGGATGAAATGGAGATCGGCTACATCCAAGCCCCA
CACAAAACGCTGCCCGTGGTCTTCGACTCTCCAAGGAACAGAGGCCTGAAGGAGTTTCCC
ATCAAACGAGTGATGGGTCCAGATTTTGGCTATGTAACTCGAGGGCCCCAAACAGGGGGT
ATCAGTGGACTGGACTCCTTTGGGAACCTGGAAGTGAGCCCCCCAGTCACAGTCAGGGGC
AAGGAATACCCGCTGGGCAGGATTCTCTTCGGGGACAGCTGTTATCCCAGCAATGACAGC
CGGCAGATGCACCAGGCCCTGCAGGACTTCCTCAGTGCCCAGCAGGTGCAGGCCCCTGTG
AAGCTCTATTCTGACTGGCTGTCCGTGGGCCACGTGGACGAGTTCCTGAGCTTTGTGCCA
GCACCCGACAGGAAGGGCTTCCGGCTGCTCCTGGCCAGCCCCAGGTCCTGCTACAAACTG
TTCCAGGAGCAGCAGAATGAGGGCCACGGGGAGGCCCTGCTGTTCGAAGGGATCAAGAAA
AAAAAACAGCAGAAAATAAAGAACATTCTGTCAAACAAGACATTGAGAGAACATAATTCA
TTTGTGGAGAGATGCATCGACTGGAACCGCGAGCTGCTGAAGCGGGAGCTGGGCCTGGCC
GAGAGTGACATCATTGACATCCCGCAGCTCTTCAAGCTCAAAGAGTTCTCTAAGGCGGAA
GCTTTTTTCCCCAACATGGTGAACATGCTGGTGCTAGGGAAGCACCTGGGCATCCCCAAG
CCCTTCGGGCCCGTCATCAACGGCCGCTGCTGCCTGGAGGAGAAGGTGTGTTCCCTGCTG
GAGCCACTGGGCCTCCAGTGCACCTTCATCAACGACTTCTTCACCTACCACATCAGGCAT
GGGGAGGTGCACTGCGGCACCAACGTGCGCAGAAAGCCCTTCTCCTTCAAGTGGTGGAAC
ATGGTGCCCTGA

1. Nakashima K, Hagiwara T, Ishigami A, Nagata S, Asaga H, Kuramoto M, Senshu T, Yamada M: Molecular characterization of peptidylarginine deiminase in HL-60 cells induced by retinoic acid and 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). J Biol Chem. 1999 Sep 24;274(39):27786-92. [PubMed ]
2. Chavanas S, Mechin MC, Takahara H, Kawada A, Nachat R, Serre G, Simon M: Comparative analysis of the mouse and human peptidylarginine deiminase gene clusters reveals highly conserved non-coding segments and a new human gene, PADI6. Gene. 2004 Apr 14;330:19-27. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Asaga H, Nakashima K, Senshu T, Ishigami A, Yamada M: Immunocytochemical localization of peptidylarginine deiminase in human eosinophils and neutrophils. J Leukoc Biol. 2001 Jul;70(1):46-51. [PubMed ]
6. Suzuki A, Yamada R, Chang X, Tokuhiro S, Sawada T, Suzuki M, Nagasaki M, Nakayama-Hamada M, Kawaida R, Ono M, Ohtsuki M, Furukawa H, Yoshino S, Yukioka M, Tohma S, Matsubara T, Wakitani S, Teshima R, Nishioka Y, Sekine A, Iida A, Takahashi A, Tsunoda T, Nakamura Y, Yamamoto K: Functional haplotypes of PADI4, encoding citrullinating enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase 4, are associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Genet. 2003 Aug;34(4):395-402. [PubMed ]
7. Cuthbert GL, Daujat S, Snowden AW, Erdjument-Bromage H, Hagiwara T, Yamada M, Schneider R, Gregory PD, Tempst P, Bannister AJ, Kouzarides T: Histone deimination antagonizes arginine methylation. Cell. 2004 Sep 3;118(5):545-53. [PubMed ]
8. Wang Y, Wysocka J, Sayegh J, Lee YH, Perlin JR, Leonelli L, Sonbuchner LS, McDonald CH, Cook RG, Dou Y, Roeder RG, Clarke S, Stallcup MR, Allis CD, Coonrod SA: Human PAD4 regulates histone arginine methylation levels via demethylimination. Science. 2004 Oct 8;306(5694):279-83. Epub 2004 Sep 2. [PubMed ]
9. Nakayama-Hamada M, Suzuki A, Kubota K, Takazawa T, Ohsaka M, Kawaida R, Ono M, Kasuya A, Furukawa H, Yamada R, Yamamoto K: Comparison of enzymatic properties between hPADI2 and hPADI4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Feb 4;327(1):192-200. [PubMed ]
10. Lee YH, Coonrod SA, Kraus WL, Jelinek MA, Stallcup MR: Regulation of coactivator complex assembly and function by protein arginine methylation and demethylimination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Mar 8;102(10):3611-6. Epub 2005 Feb 24. [PubMed ]
11. Arita K, Hashimoto H, Shimizu T, Nakashima K, Yamada M, Sato M: Structural basis for Ca(2+)-induced activation of human PAD4. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 Aug;11(8):777-83. Epub 2004 Jul 11. [PubMed ]
12. Hoppe B, Heymann GA, Tolou F, Kiesewetter H, Doerner T, Salama A: High variability of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) in a healthy white population: characterization of six new variants of PADI4 exons 2-4 by a novel haplotype-specific sequencing-based approach. J Mol Med. 2004 Nov;82(11):762-7. Epub 2004 Aug 25. [PubMed ]

1. Pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase

MTCWLRGVTATFGRPAEWPGYLSHLCGRSAAMDLGPMRKSYRGDREAFEETHLTSLDPVK
QFAAWFEEAVQCPDIGEANAMCLATCTRDGKPSARMLLLKGFGKDGFRFFTNFESRKGKE
LDSNPFASLVFYWEPLNRQVRVEGPVKKLPEEEAECYFHSRPKSSQIGAVVSHQSSVIPD
REYLRKKNEELEQLYQDQEVPKPKSWGGYVLYPQVMEFWQGQTNRLHDRIVFRRGLPTGD
SPLGPMTHRGEEDWLYERLAP

• Vitamin B6 Metabolism (map00750 )

• (1) pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + H2O + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R00277]
• (2) pyridoxine 5'-phosphate + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H2O2 [RN:R00278]

• PNPOx_C (PF10590 )
• Pyridox_oxidase (PF01243 )

• None

• None

ATGACGTGCTGGCTGCGGGGCGTCACGGCGACGTTCGGGCGACCTGCCGAGTGGCCAGGC
TACCTCAGTCACCTGTGTGGTCGCAGTGCTGCCATGGACCTGGGACCCATGCGCAAGAGT
TACCGCGGGGACCGAGAGGCATTTGAGGAGACTCATCTGACCTCCCTTGACCCAGTGAAA
CAGTTTGCTGCCTGGTTTGAGGAGGCTGTTCAGTGTCCTGACATAGGGGAAGCCAATGCC
ATGTGTCTGGCTACCTGCACCAGAGATGGAAAACCCTCTGCTCGCATGTTGCTGCTGAAG
GGCTTCGGGAAAGATGGCTTCCGCTTCTTCACTAACTTCGAGAGTCGAAAAGGAAAAGAG
CTGGACTCTAATCCCTTTGCTTCCCTTGTCTTCTACTGGGAGCCACTTAACCGTCAGGTG
CGTGTGGAAGGCCCTGTGAAGAAACTGCCTGAGGAGGAGGCTGAGTGCTACTTCCACTCC
CGCCCCAAGAGCAGCCAGATTGGGGCTGTGGTCAGCCACCAGAGTTCTGTGATCCCTGAT
CGGGAGTATCTGAGAAAGAAAAATGAGGAACTGGAACAGCTCTACCAGGATCAAGAGGTG
CCCAAGCCAAAATCCTGGGGTGGCTATGTCCTGTACCCTCAGGTGATGGAGTTCTGGCAA
GGTCAAACCAACCGCCTGCATGACCGGATAGTCTTTCGGCGGGGCCTACCCACAGGAGAT
TCCCCTTTGGGGCCCATGACCCACCGCGGGGAGGAAGACTGGCTCTATGAGAGACTTGCA
CCTTAA

1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Molina H, Horn DM, Tang N, Mathivanan S, Pandey A: Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2199-204. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed ]
4. Musayev FN, Di Salvo ML, Ko TP, Schirch V, Safo MK: Structure and properties of recombinant human pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase. Protein Sci. 2003 Jul;12(7):1455-63. [PubMed ]
5. Mills PB, Surtees RA, Champion MP, Beesley CE, Dalton N, Scambler PJ, Heales SJ, Briddon A, Scheimberg I, Hoffmann GF, Zschocke J, Clayton PT: Neonatal epileptic encephalopathy caused by mutations in the PNPO gene encoding pyridox(am)ine 5'-phosphate oxidase. Hum Mol Genet. 2005 Apr 15;14(8):1077-86. Epub 2005 Mar 16. [PubMed ]

1. GLS
2. L-glutaminase
3. L-glutamine amidohydrolase

MRSMKALQKALSRAGSHCGRGGWGHPSRSPLLGGGVRHHLSEAAAQGRETPHSHQPQHQD
HDSSESGMLSRLGDLLFYTIAEGQERIPIHKFTTALKATGLQTSDPRLRDCMSEMHRVVQ
ESSSGGLLDRDLFRKCVSSNIVLLTQAFRKKFVIPDFEEFTGHVDRIFEDVKELTGGKVA
AYIPQLAKSNPDLWGVSLCTVDGQRHSVGHTKIPFCLQSCVKPLTYAISISTLGTDYVHK
FVGKEPSGLRYNKLSLNEEGIPHNPMVNAGAIVVSSLIKMDCNKAEKFDFVLQYLNKMAG
NEYMGFSNATFQSEKETGDRNYAIGYYLKEKKCFPKGVDMMAALDLYFQLCSVEVTCESG
SVMAATLANGGICPITGESVLSAEAVRNTLSLMHSCGMYDFSGQFAFHVGLPAKSAVSGA
ILLVVPNVMGMMCLSPPLDKLGNSHRGTSFCQKLVSLFNFHNYDNLRHCARKLDPRREGA
EIRNKTVVNLLFAAYSGDVSALRRFALSAMDMEQKDYDSRTALHVAAAEGHIEVVKFLIE
ACKVNPFAKDRWGNIPLDDAVQFNHLEVVKLLQDYQDSYTLSETQAEAAAEALSKENLES
MV

• D-Glutamine and D-Glutamate Metabolism (map00471 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Nitrogen Metabolism (map00910 )

• L-glutamine + H2O = L-glutamate + NH3 [RN:R00256]

• Ank (PF00023 )
• Glutaminase (PF04960 )

• None

• None

ATGCGCTCCATGAAGGCTCTGCAGAAGGCCCTGAGCCGGGCTGGCAGTCACTGCGGGCGA
GGAGGCTGGGGTCACCCGAGCCGGAGCCCCCTCCTTGGCGGGGGCGTCCGGCACCACCTC
AGTGAGGCCGCGGCGCAGGGCAGAGAGACGCCACACAGCCACCAGCCGCAGCACCAGGAT
CATGATTCATCAGAAAGTGGCATGCTGTCCCGCCTGGGTGATTTGCTCTTTTACACTATT
GCTGAAGGACAGGAACGAACCCCTATCCACAAGTTCACCACTGCACTAAAGGCCACTGGA
CTGCAGACATCAGATCCTCGGCTCCGAGACTGCATGAGCGAGATGCACCGCGTGGTCCAA
GAGTCCAGTAGTGGTGGCCTCTTGGACCGAGATCTCTTCCGAAAGTGTGTGAGCAGCAGC
ATTGTGCTCCTGACCCAGGCATTCCGAAAGAAGTTTGTCATTCCTGATTTTGAGGAGTTC
ACGGGCCATGTGGATCGCATCTTTGAGGATGTCAAAGAGCTCACTGGAGGCAAAGTGGCA
GCCTACATCCCTCAGCTGGCCAAGTCAAACCCAGACCTGTGGGGTGTCTCCCTGTGCACT
GTGGATGGTCAACGGCACTCTGTGGGCCACACAAAGATCCCCTTCTGCCTGCAGTCCTGT
GTGAAGCCCCTCACCTATGCCATCTCCATAAGCACCCTAGGCACTGACTACGTGCACAAG
TTTGTGGGCAAAGAGCCAAGTGGCCTGCGCTACAACAAGCTCTCCCTCGATGAGGAAGGA
ATCCCCCATAACCCCATGGTCAATGCTGGTGCCATTGTTGTCAGCTCCCTGATCAAGATG
GACTGTAACAAAGCAGAGAAGTTTGATTTTGTGTTGCAGTATCTCAACAAAATGGCTGGG
AATGAATACATGGGTTTCAGCAATGCCACATTCCAGTCAGAGAAGGAAACAGGGGATCGG
AATTATGCCATCGGCTATTATCACGAGGAAAAGAAGTGCTTTCCTAAGGGGGTGGACATG
ATGGCTGCCCTTGATCTCTACTTCCAGCTGTGTTCTGTGGAGGTCACTTGTGAATCAGGC
AGTGTCATGGCAGCCACCCTCGCCAACGGTGGGATTTGCCCCATCACAGGCGAGAGTGTG
CTGAGTGCTGAAGCAGTGCGCAACACCCTCAGCCTCATGCATTCCTGCGGCATGTATGAC
TTCTCTGGCCAGTTTGCCTTCCACGTGGGCCTGCCAGCCAAGTCAGCTGTATCAGGAGCC
ATCCTCCTGGTGGTACCCAATGTCATGGGAATGATGTGCCTGTCACCCCCATTGGACAAG
CTGGGGAACAGCCATAGGGGGACCAGCTTCTGCCAGAAGTTGGTGTCTCTCTTCAATTTC
CACAACTATGACAACCTGAGGCACTGTGCTCGGAAGTTAGACCCACGGCGTGAAGGGGCA
GAAATTCGGAACAAGACTGTGGTCAACCTGTTATTTGCTGCCTATAGTGGCGATGTCTCA
GCTCTTCGAAGGTTTGCCTTGTCAGCCATGGATATGGAACAGAAAGACTATGACTCGCGC
ACAGCTCTGCATGTTGCTGCAGCTGAAGGACACATCGAAGTTGTTAAATTCCTGATCGAG
GCTTGCAAAGTGAATCCTTTTGCCAAGGACAGGTGGGGCAACATTCCCCTGGATGATGCT
GTGCAGTTCAACCATCTGGAGGTGGTCAAACTGCTTCAAGATTACCAGGACTCCTACACA
CTCTCTGAAACTCAGGCTGAGGCAGCAGCTGAGGCCCTGTCCAAAGAGAACTTAGAAAGC
ATGGTATGA

1. Gomez-Fabre PM, Aledo JC, Del Castillo-Olivares A, Alonso FJ, Nunez De Castro I, Campos JA, Marquez J: Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression studies of the human breast cancer cell glutaminase. Biochem J. 2000 Jan 15;345 Pt 2:365-75. [PubMed ]
2. Olalla L, Aledo JC, Bannenberg G, Marquez J: The C-terminus of human glutaminase L mediates association with PDZ domain-containing proteins. FEBS Lett. 2001 Jan 19;488(3):116-22. [PubMed ]

1. CTP synthetase 1
2. UTP--ammonia ligase 1

MKYILVTGGVISGIGKGIIASSVGTILKSCGLHVTSIKIDPYINIDAGTFSPYEHGEVFV
LDDGGEVDLDLGNYERFLDIRLTKDNNLTTGKIYQYVINKERKGDYLGKTVQVVPHITDA
IQEWVMRQALIPVDEDGLEPQVCVIELGGTVGDIESMPFIEAFRQFQFKVKRENFCNIHV
SLVPQPSSTGEQKTKPTQNSVRELRGLGLSPDLVVCRCSNPLDTSVKEKISMFCHVEPEQ
VICVHDVSSIYRVPLLLEEQGVVDYFLRRLDLPIERQPRKMLMKWKEMADRYDRLLETCS
IALVGKYTKFSDSYASVIKALEHSALAINHKLEIKYIDSADLEPITSQEEPVRYHEAWQK
LCSAHGVLVPGGFGVRGTEGKIQAIAWARNQKKPFLGVCLGMQLAVVEFSRNVLGWQDAN
STEFDPTTSHPVVVDMPEHNPGQMGGTMRLGKRRTLFQTKNSVMRKLYGDADYLEERHRH
RFEVNPVWKKCLEEQGLKFVGQDVEGERMEIVELEDHPFFVGVQYHPEFLSRPIKPSPPY
FGLLLASVGRLSHYLQKGCRLSPRDTYSDRSGSSSPDSEITELKFPSINHD

• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + UTP + NH3 = ADP + phosphate + CTP [RN:R00571]

• CTP_synth_N (PF06418 )
• GATase (PF00117 )

• None

• None

ATGAAGTACATTCTGGTTACTGGTGGTGTTATATCAGGAATTGGAAAAGGAATCATTGCC
AGCAGTGTGGGCACAATACTCAAGTCATGTGGTTTACATGTAACTTCAATCAAAATTGAC
CCCTACATTAACATTGATGCAGGAACATTCTCTCCTTATGAGCATGGTGAGGTTTTTGTG
CTGGATGATGGTGGGGAAGTAGACCTTGACCTGGGTAACTATGAGCGGTTCCTTGACATC
CGCCTCACCAAGGACAATAATCTGACCACTGGAAAGATATACCAGTATGTCATTAACAAG
GAACGGAAAGGAGATTACTTGGGGAAAACTGTCCAAGTTGTCCCTCATATCACAGATGCA
ATCCAGGAGTGGGTGATGAGACAGGCGTTAATACCTGTAGATGAAGATGGCCTGGAACCT
CAAGTGTGTGTTATTGAGCTTGGTGGAACCGTGGGGGACATAGAAAGCATGCCCTTTATT
GAGGCCTTCCGTCAGTTCCAATTCAAGGTCAAAAGAGAGAACTTTTGTAACATCCACGTC
AGTCTAGTTCCCCAGCCAAGTTCAACAGGGGAACAGAAGACTAAACCTACCCAGAATAGT
GTTCGGGAACTTAGAGGACTTGGGCTTTCCCCAGATCTGGTTGTATGCAGGTGCTCAAAT
CCACTTGACACATCAGTGAAGGAGAAAATATCAATGTTCTGCCATGTTGAGCCTGAACAA
GTGATCTGTGTCCACGATGTCTCATCCATCTACCGAGTCCCCTTGTTGTTAGAGGAGCAA
GGGGTTGTAGATTATTTTCTTCGAAGACTTGACCTTCCTATTGAGAGGCAGCCAAGAAAA
ATGCTGATGAAATGGAAAGAGATGGCTGACAGATATGATCGCTTGCTGGAGACCTGCTCT
ATTGCCCTTGTGGCGAAATACACCGAGTTCTCAGACTCCTATGCCTCTGTCATTAAGGCT
CTGGAGCATTCTGCACTGGCCATCAACCACAAATTGGAAATCAAGTACATAGATTCTGCG
GACTTGGAGCCCATCACCTCGCAAGAAGAGCCCGTGCGCTACCACGAAGCTTGGCAGAAG
CTCTGTAGTGCTCATGGAGTGCTGGTTCCAGGAGGATTTGGTGTTCGAGGAACAGAAGGA
AAAATCCAAGCAATTGCCTGGGCTCGGAATCAGAAAAAGCCTTTTTTGGGCGTGTGCTTA
GGGATGCAGTTGGCAGTGGTTGAATTCTCAAGAAACGTGCTGGGATGGCAAGATGCCAAT
TCTACAGAGTTTGACCCTACGACCAGTCATCCCGTGGTCGTAGACATGCCAGAACACAAC
CCAGGGCAGATGGGCGGAACCATGAGGCTGGGCAAGAGGAGAACCCTGTTCCAGACCAAG
AACTCAGTCATGAGGAAACTCTATGGAGACGCAGACTACTTGGAAGAGAGGCACCGCCAC
CGATTTGAGGTGAATCCAGTCTGGAAAAAGTGTTTGGAAGAACAAGGCTTGAAGTTTGTT
GGCCAAGATGTTGAAGGAGAGAGAATGGAAATTGTGGAGTTAGAAGATCATCCCTTTTTT
GTTGGGGTTCAGTACCACCCTGAGTTCCTGTCCAGGCCTATCAAGCCCTCCCCACCATAC
TTTGGCCTCCTCCTGGCCTCTGTGGGGCGGCTCTCACATTACCTCCAGAAAGGCTGCAGG
CTCTCACCCAGGGACACCTATAGTGACAGGAGTGGAAGCAGCTCCCCTGACTCTGAAATC
ACCGAACTGAAGTTTCCATCAATAAATCATGACTGA

1. Yamauchi M, Yamauchi N, Meuth M: Molecular cloning of the human CTP synthetase gene by functional complementation with purified human metaphase chromosomes. EMBO J. 1990 Jul;9(7):2095-9. [PubMed ]
2. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villen J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP: Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 17;101(33):12130-5. Epub 2004 Aug 9. [PubMed ]
5. Han GS, Sreenivas A, Choi MG, Chang YF, Martin SS, Baldwin EP, Carman GM: Expression of Human CTP synthetase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals phosphorylation by protein kinase A. J Biol Chem. 2005 Nov 18;280(46):38328-36. Epub 2005 Sep 22. [PubMed ]
6. Kim JE, Tannenbaum SR, White FM: Global phosphoproteome of HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. J Proteome Res. 2005 Jul-Aug;4(4):1339-46. [PubMed ]
7. Gevaert K, Staes A, Van Damme J, De Groot S, Hugelier K, Demol H, Martens L, Goethals M, Vandekerckhove J: Global phosphoproteome analysis on human HepG2 hepatocytes using reversed-phase diagonal LC. Proteomics. 2005 Sep;5(14):3589-99. [PubMed ]
8. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
9. Zahedi RP, Lewandrowski U, Wiesner J, Wortelkamp S, Moebius J, Schutz C, Walter U, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):526-34. Epub 2007 Dec 19. [PubMed ]
10. Cantin GT, Yi W, Lu B, Park SK, Xu T, Lee JD, Yates JR 3rd: Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis. J Proteome Res. 2008 Mar;7(3):1346-51. Epub 2008 Jan 26. [PubMed ]
11. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed ]
12. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
13. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
14. Oppermann FS, Gnad F, Olsen JV, Hornberger R, Greff Z, Keri G, Mann M, Daub H: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1751-64. Epub 2009 Apr 15. [PubMed ]
15. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
16. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. Peptidylarginine deiminase III
2. Protein-arginine deiminase type III

MSLQRIVRVSLEHPTSAVCVAGVETLVDIYGSVPEGTEMFEVYGTPGVDIYISPNMERGR
ERADTRRWRFDATLEIIVVMNSPSNDLNDSHVQISYHSSHEPLPLAYAVLYLTCVDISLD
CDLNCEGRQDRNFVDKRQWVWGPSGYGGILLVNCDRDDPSCDVQDNCDQHVHCLQDLEDM
SVMVLRTQGPAALFDDHKLVLHTSSYDAKRAQVFHICGPEDVCEAYRHVLGQDKVSYEVP
RLHGDEERFFVEGLSFPDAGFTGLISFHVTLLDDSNEDFSASPIFTDTVVFRVAPWIMTP
STLPPLEVYVCRVRNNTCFVDAVAELARKAGCKLTICPQAENRNDRWIQDEMELGYVQAP
HKTLPVVFDSPRNGELQDFPYKRILGPDFGYVTREPRDRSVSGLDSFGNLEVSPPVVANG
KEYPLGRILIGGNLPGSSGRRVTQVVRDFLHAQKVQPPVELFVDWLAVGHVDEFLSFVPA
PDGKGFRMLLASPGACFKLFQEKQKCGHGRALLFQGVVDDEQVKTISINQVLSNKDLINY
NKFVQSCIDWNREVLKRELGLAECDIIDIPQLFKTERKKATAFFPDLVNMLVLGKHLGIP
KPFGPIINGCCCLEEKVRSLLEPLGLHCTFIDDFTPYHMLHGEVHCGTNVCRKPFSFKWW
NMVP

• protein L-arginine + H2O = protein L-citrulline + NH3 [RN:R02621]

• PAD (PF03068 )
• PAD_M (PF08527 )
• PAD_N (PF08526 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGCTGCAGAGAATCGTGCGTGTGTCCCTGGAGCATCCCACCAGCGCGGTGTGTGTG
GCTGGCGTGGAGACCCTCGTGGACATTTATGGGTCAGTGCCTGAGGGCACAGAAATGTTT
GAGGTCTATGGGACGCCTGGCGTGGACATCTACATCTCTCCCAACATGGAGAGGGGCCGG
GAGCGTGCAGACACCAGGCGGTGGCGCTTTGACGCGACTTTGGAGATCATCGTGGTCATG
AACTCCCCCAGCAATGACCTCAACGACAGCCATGTTCAGATTTCCTACCACTCCAGCCAT
GAGCCTCTGCCCCTAGCCTATGCGGTGCTCTACCTCACCTGTGTTGACATCTCTCTGGAT
TGCGACCTGAACTGTGAGGGAAGGCAGGACAGGAACTTTGTAGACAAGCGGCAGTGGGTC
TGGGGGCCCAGTGGGTATGGCGGCATCTTGCTGGTGAACTGTGACCGTGATGATCCGAGC
TGTGATGTCCAGGACAATTGTGACCAGCACGTGCACTGCCTGCAAGACCTGGAAGACATG
TCTGTCATGGTCCTGCGGACGCAGGGCCCTGCAGCCCTCTTTGATGACCACAAACTTGTC
CTCCATACCTCCAGCTATGATGCCAAACGGGCACAGGTCTTCCACATCTGCGGTCCTGAG
GATGTGTGTGAGGCCTATAGGCATGTGCTGGGCCAAGATAAGGTGTCCTATGAGGTACCC
CGCTTGCATGGGGATGAGGAGCGCTTCTTCGTGGAAGGCCTGTCCTTCCCTGATGCCGGC
TTCACAGGACTCATCTCCTTCCATGTCACTCTGCTGGACGACTCCAACGAGGATTTCTCG
GCATCCCCTATCTTCACTGACACTGTGGTGTTCCGAGTGGCACCCTGGATCATGACGCCC
AGCACTCTGCCACCCCTAGAGGTGTATGTGTGCCGTGTGAGGAACAACACGTGTTTTGTG
GATGCGGTGGCAGAGCTGGCCAGGAAGGCCGGCTGCAAGCTGACCATCTGCCCACAGGCC
GAGAACCGCAACGACCGCTGGATCCAGGATGAGATGGAGCTGGGCTACGTTCAGGCGCCG
CACAAGACCCTCCCGGTGGTCTTTGACTCCCCAAGGAATGGGGAACTGCAGGATTTCCCT
TACAAAAGAATCCTGGGTCCAGATTTTGGTTACGTGACTCGGGAACCACGCGACAGGTCT
GTGAGTGGCCTGGACTCCTTTGGGAACCTGGAGGTCAGCCCTCCAGTGGTGGCCAATGGG
AAAGAGTACCCCCTGGGGAGGATCCTCATTGGGGGCAACCTGCCTGGGTCAAGTGGCCGC
AGGGTCACCCAGGTGGTGCGGGACTTCCTCCATGCCCAGAAGGTGCAGCCCCCCGTGGAG
CTCTTTGTGGACTGGTTGGCCGTGGGCCATGTGGATGAGTTTCTGAGCTTTGTCCCTGTC
CCCGATGGGAAGGGCTTCCGGATGCTCCTGGCCAGCCCTGGGGCCTGCTTCAAGCTCTTC
CAGGAAAAGCAGAAGTGTGGCCACGGGAGGGCCCTCCTGTTCCAGGGGGTTGTTGATGAT
GAGCAGGTCAAGACCATCTCCATCAACCAGGTGCTCTCCAATAAAGACCTCATCAACTAC
AATAAGTTTGTGCAGAGCTGCATCGACTGGAACCGTGAGGTGCTGAAGCGGGAGCTGGGC
CTGGCAGAGTGTGACATCATTGACATCCCACAGCTCTTCAAGACCGAGAGGAAAAAAGCA
ACGGCCTTCTTCCCTGACTTGGTGAACATGCTGGTGCTGGGGAAGCACCTGGGCATCCCC
AAGCCCTTTGGGCCCATCATCAATGGCTGCTGCTGCCTGGAGGAGAAGGTGCGGTCCCTG
CTGGAGCCTCTGGGCCTCCACTGCACCTTCATTGATGACTTCACTCCATACCACATGCTG
CATGGGGAGGTGCACTGTGGCACCAATGTGTGCAGAAAGCCCTTCTCTTTCAAGTGGTGG
AACATGGTGCCCTGA

1. Kanno T, Kawada A, Yamanouchi J, Yosida-Noro C, Yoshiki A, Shiraiwa M, Kusakabe M, Manabe M, Tezuka T, Takahara H: Human peptidylarginine deiminase type III: molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the cDNA, properties of the recombinant enzyme, and immunohistochemical localization in human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 Nov;115(5):813-23. [PubMed ]
2. Chavanas S, Mechin MC, Takahara H, Kawada A, Nachat R, Serre G, Simon M: Comparative analysis of the mouse and human peptidylarginine deiminase gene clusters reveals highly conserved non-coding segments and a new human gene, PADI6. Gene. 2004 Apr 14;330:19-27. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Guanosine 5'-monophosphate oxidoreductase 2
2. Guanosine monophosphate reductase 2

MPHIDNDVKLDFKDVLLRPKRSTLKSRSEVDLTRSFSFRNSKQTYSGVPIIAANMDTVGT
FEMAKVLCKFSLFTAVHKHYSLVQWQEFAGQNPDCLEHLAASSGTGSSDFEQLEQILEAI
PQVKYICLDVANGYSEHFVEFVKDVRKRFPQHTIMAGNVVTGEMVEELILSGADIIKVGI
GPGSVCTTRKKTGVGYPQLSAVMECADAAHGLKGHIISDGGCSCPGDVAKAFGAGADFVM
LGGMLAGHSESGGELIERDGKKYKLFYGMSSEMAMKKYAGGVAEYRASEGKTVEVPFKGD
VEHTIRDILGGIRSTCTYVGAAKLKELSRRTTFIRVTQQVNPIFSEAC

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• inosine 5'-phosphate + NH3 + NADP+ = guanosine 5'-phosphate + NADPH + H+ [RN:R01134]

• IMPDH (PF00478 )

• None

• None

ATGCCTCATATTGACAACGATGTGAAACTGGACTTCAAGGATGTCCTTTTGAGGCCCAAA
CGCAGTACCCTTAAGTCTCGAAGTGAGGTGGATCTCACAAGATCCTTTTCATTTCGGAAC
TCAAAGCAGACATACTCTGGGGTTCCCATCATTGCTGCCAATATGGATACTGTGGGCACC
TTTGAGATGGCCAAGGTTCTCTGTAAGTTCTCTCTCTTCACTGCTGTCCATAAGCACTAT
AGCCTCGTTCAGTGGCAAGAGTTTGCTGGCCAGAATCCTGACTGTCTTGAGCATCTGGCT
GCCAGCTCAGGCACAGGCTCTTCTGACTTTGAGCAGCTGGAACAGATCCTGGAAGCTATT
CCCCAGGTGAAGTATATATGCCTGGATGTGGCAAATGGCTACTCTGAACACTTTGTTGAA
TTTGTAAAAGATGTACGGAAGCGCTTCCCCCAGCACACCATCATGGCAGGGAATGTGGTA
ACAGGAGAGATGGTAGAAGAGCTCATCCTTTCTGGGGCTGACATCATCAAAGTGGGAATT
GGGCCAGGCTCTGTGTGTACTACTCGGAAGAAAACTGGAGTGGGGTATCCACAGCTCAGC
GCAGTGATGGAGTGTGCAGATGCTGCTCATGGCCTCAAAGGCCACATCATTTCAGATGGA
GGTTGCAGCTGTCCTGGGGATGTGGCCAAGGCTTTTGGGGCAGGAGCTGACTTCGTGATG
CTGGGTGGCATGCTGGCTGGGCACAGTGAGTCAGGTGGTGAGCTCATCGAGAGGGATGGC
AAGAAGTACAAGCTCTTCTATGGAATGAGTTCTGAAATGGCCATGAAGAAGTATGCTGGG
GGCGTGGCTGAGTACAGAGCCTCAGAGGGAAAGACAGTGGAAGTTCCTTTTAAAGGAGAT
GTGGAACATACCATCCGAGACATCCTAGGAGGGATCCGCTCTACGTGTACCTATGTGGGA
GCAGCTAAGCTCAAAGAGTTGAGCAGGAGAACTACCTTCATCCGAGTCACCCAGCAGGTG
AATCCAATCTTCAGTGAGGCGTGCTAG

1. Deng Y, Wang Z, Ying K, Gu S, Ji C, Huang Y, Gu X, Wang Y, Xu Y, Li Y, Xie Y, Mao Y: NADPH-dependent GMP reductase isoenzyme of human (GMPR2). Expression, purification, and kinetic properties. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2002 Sep;34(9):1035-50. [PubMed ]
2. Zhang J, Zhang W, Zou D, Chen G, Wan T, Zhang M, Cao X: Cloning and functional characterization of GMPR2, a novel human guanosine monophosphate reductase, which promotes the monocytic differentiation of HL-60 leukemia cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2003 Feb;129(2):76-83. Epub 2003 Mar 1. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. Transglutaminase X
2. TG(X)
3. TGX
4. TGase X
5. Transglutaminase-5
6. TGase-5

MAQGLEVALTDLQSSRNNVRHHTEEITVDHLLVRRGQAFNLTLYFRNRSFQPGLDNIIFV
VETGPLPDLALGTRAVFSLARHHSPSPWIAWLETNGATSTEVSLCAPPTAAVGRYLLKIH
IDSFQGSVTAYQLGEFILLFNPWCPEDAVYLDSEPQRQEYVMNDYGFIYQGSKNWIRPCP
WNYGQFEDKIIDICLKLLDKSLHFQTDPATDCALRGSPVYVSRVVCAMINSNDDNGVLNG
NWSENYTDGANPAEWTGSVAILKQWNATGCQPVRYGQCWVFAAVMCTVMRCLGIPTRVIT
NFDSGHDTDGNLIIDEYYDNTGRILGNKKKDTIWNFHVWNECWMARKDLPPAYGGWQVLD
ATPQEMSNGVYCCGPASVRAIKEGEVDLNYDTPFVFSMVNADCMSWLVQGGKEQKLHQDT
SSVGNFISTKSIQSDERDDITENYKYEEGSLQERQVFLKALQKLKARSFHGSQRGAELQP
SRPTSLSQDSPRSLHTPSLRPSDVVQVSLKFKLLDPPNMGQDICFVLLALNMSSQFKDLK
VNLSAQSLLHDGSPLSPFWQDTAFITLSPKEAKTYPCKISYSQYSQYLSTDKLIRISALG
EEKSSPEKILVNKIITLSYPSITINVLGAAVVNQPLSIQVIFSNPLSEQVEDCVLTVEGS
GLFKKQQKVFLGVLKPQHQASIILETVPFKSGQRQIQANMRSNKFKDIKGYRNVYVDFAL

• protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 [RN:R03983]

• Transglut_C (PF00927 )
• Transglut_core (PF01841 )
• Transglut_N (PF00868 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCCAAGGGCTAGAAGTGGCCCTCACAGACCTCCAGAGCTCCAGAAATAATGTGCGG
CACCACACGGAGGAGATCACTGTGGACCACCTGCTTGTTCGCCGGGGCCAGGCCTTCAAC
CTCACCCTGTACTTCAGGAACCGGAGCTTCCAGCCAGGCCTGGACAACATCATCTTCGTG
GTTGAAACTGGACCGCTGTCAGACCTGGCCTTGGGGACTCGGGCTGTGTTCAGCCTGGCA
CGCCATCACAGCCCCAGCCCCTGGATTGCCTGGCTGGAGACCAATGGGGCCACCTCCACA
GAGGTGAGCTTGTGCGCTCCTCCCACGGCGGCCGTGGGTCGGTACCTCTTGAAAATCCAC
ATCGACTCCTTCCAGGGGTCTGTGACGGCCTACCAGCTAGGGGAGTTCATCCTGCTTTTC
AATCCCTGGTGCCCAGAGGATGCTGTCTACTTGGACAGTGAACCCCAGAGGCAGGAGTAT
GTCATGAATGATTATGGCTTCATCTACCAAGGCAGCAAGAACTGGATCCGCCCATGTCCC
TGGAACTATGGACAGTTTGAAGACAAAATCATAGACATCTGCCTGAAGCTGCTAGACAAG
AGCCTGCACTTCCAGACTGACCCAGCCACAGACTGTGCTCTGCGGGGAAGCCCCGTCTAC
GTCAGCAGAGTGGTGTGTGCCATGATCAACAGCAATGATGATAATGGGGTGCTCAATGGA
AACTGGAGTGAGAATTACACAGACGGCGCCAACCCTGCGGAGTGGACGGGCAGCGTGGCC
ATCCTGAAGCAGTGGAACGCCACAGGCTGCCAGCCCGTGCGCTACGGGCAATGCTGGGTC
TTTGCTGCCGTCATGTGCACAGTGATGAGGTGTCTGGGGATCCCTACCCGTGTGATCACC
AACTTCGACTCTGGCCACGATACAGATGGAAACCTGATCATAGATGAGTATTATGACAAC
ACAGGCAGGATTTTGGGGAATAAGAAGAAGGATACTATCTGGAACTTCCATGTCTGGAAT
GAGTGCTGGATGGCCCGGAAGGATCTGCCCCCTGCATATGGAGGCTGGCAGGTGCTGGAC
GCCACACCTCAGGAGATGAGCAACGGCGTCTACTGCTGTGGCCCTGCCTCTGTCAGAGCC
ATCAAAGAAGGAGAAGTGGACCTGAACTATGACACGCCCTTTGTGTTTTCGATGGTGAAT
GCTGACTGCATGTCCTGGCTCGTCCAGGGAGGGAAGGAGCAGAAGCTTCACCAGGACACG
AGTTCTGTTGGCAATTTTATCAGCACAAAGAGCATCCAGAGTGACGAGCGGGATGACATC
ACAGAGAACTACAAGTATGAAGAAGGATCCCTCCAGGAGAGGCAGGTGTTTCTGAAGGCT
CTGCAGAAGCTGAAGGCTAGAAGCTTCCATGGCTCCCAAAGAGGAGCAGAGTTGCAACCT
TCCAGGCCCACATCACTGAGCCAGGACAGCCCTCGGAGCCTGCATACACCTTCCCTTCGA
CCCAGTGATGTGGTGCAAGTCTCCCTGAAATTCAAGCTGCTCGACCCGCCCAACATGGGC
CAGGATATATGCTTTGTCCTGCTGGCCCTCAACATGTCCTCCCAGTTCAAGGACCTCAAA
GTGAACCTGAGTGCCCAGTCTCTGCTGCACGATGGCAGCCCCCTGTCCCCATTCTGGCAG
GACACAGCGTTCATCACACTCTCTCCTAAAGAAGCAAAGACCTACCCCTGCAAAATCTCC
TATTCCCAGTACAGCCAGTACCTGTCAACAGACAAGCTGATCCGCATCAGTGCCCTGGGT
GAAGAGAAAAGCAGTCCTGAGAAAATCCTGGTGAACAAGATCATCACCTTATCTTATCCA
AGCATCACGATTAATGTTCTAGGAGCAGCCGTTGTGAACCAGCCACTCTCCATACAGGTG
ATATTTTCAAACCCCCTCTCGGAGCAGGTTGAGGACTGTGTGCTGACTGTGGAAGGAAGT
GGCCTCTTCAAGAAACAGCAGAAAGTCTTCCTTGGAGTCCTCAAACCCCAACACCAAGCA
AGCATCATTCTGGAGACCGTCCCCTTCAAGAGTGGACAAAGGCAGATCCAAGCTAATATG
AGAAGCAACAAGTTTAAGGACATTAAGGGTTACAGGAATGTTTATGTAGACTTTGCATTA
TAA

1. Aeschlimann D, Koeller MK, Allen-Hoffmann BL, Mosher DF: Isolation of a cDNA encoding a novel member of the transglutaminase gene family from human keratinocytes. Detection and identification of transglutaminase gene products based on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers. J Biol Chem. 1998 Feb 6;273(6):3452-60. [PubMed ]
2. Grenard P, Bates MK, Aeschlimann D: Evolution of transglutaminase genes: identification of a transglutaminase gene cluster on human chromosome 15q15. Structure of the gene encoding transglutaminase X and a novel gene family member, transglutaminase Z. J Biol Chem. 2001 Aug 31;276(35):33066-78. Epub 2001 Jun 4. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Rufini A, Vilbois F, Paradisi A, Oddi S, Tartaglione R, Leta A, Bagetta G, Guerrieri P, Finazzi-Agro' A, Melino G, Candi E: Transglutaminase 5 is acetylated at the N-terminal end. Amino Acids. 2004 Jul;26(4):425-30. Epub 2004 Jun 17. [PubMed ]
5. Cassidy AJ, van Steensel MA, Steijlen PM, van Geel M, van der Velden J, Morley SM, Terrinoni A, Melino G, Candi E, McLean WH: A homozygous missense mutation in TGM5 abolishes epidermal transglutaminase 5 activity and causes acral peeling skin syndrome. Am J Hum Genet. 2005 Dec;77(6):909-17. Epub 2005 Oct 11. [PubMed ]

1. GLS
2. K-glutaminase
3. L-glutamine amidohydrolase

MMRLRGSGMLRDLLLRSPAGVSATLRRAQPLVTLCRRPRGGGRPAAGPAAAARLHPWWGG
GGWPAEPLARGLSSSPSEILQELGKGSTHPQPGVSPPAAPAAPGPKDGPGETDAFGNSEG
KELVASGENKIKQGLLPSLEDLLFYTIAEGQEKIPVHKFITALKSTGLRTSDPRLKECMD
MLRLTLQTTSDGVMLDKDLFKKCVQSNIVLLTQAFRRKFVIPDFMSFTSHIDELYESAKK
QSGGKVADYIPQLAKFSPDLWGVSVCTVDGQRHSTGDTKVPFCLQSCVKPLKYAIAVNDL
GTEYVHRYVGKEPSGLRFNKLFLNEDDKPHNPMVNAGAIVVTSLIKQGVNNAEKFDYVMQ
FLNKMAGNEYVGFSNATFQSERESGDRNFAIGYYLKEKKCFPEGTDMVGILDFYFQLCSI
EVTCESASVMAATLANGGFCPITGERVLSPEAVRNTLSLMHSCGMYDFSGQFAFHVGLPA
KSGVAGGILLVVPNVMGMMCWSPPLDKMGNSVKGIHFCHDLVSLCNFHNYDNLRHFAKKL
DPRREGGDQRVKSVINLLFAAYTGDVSALRRFALSAMDMEQRDYDSRTALHVAAAEGHVE
VVKFLLEACKVNPFPKDRWNNTPMDEALHFGHHDVFKILQEYQVQYTPQGDSDNGKENQT
VHKNLDGLL

• D-Glutamine and D-Glutamate Metabolism (map00471 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Nitrogen Metabolism (map00910 )

• L-glutamine + H2O = L-glutamate + NH3 [RN:R00256]

• Ank (PF00023 )
• Glutaminase (PF04960 )

• None

• None

ATGATGCGGCTGCGAGGCTCGGGGATGCTGCGGGACCTGCTCCTGCGGTCGCCCGCCGGC
GTGAGCGCGACTCTGCGGCGGGCACAGCCCTTGGTCACCCTGTGCCGGCGTCCCCGAGGC
GGGGGACGGCCGGCCGCGGGCCCGGCTGCCGCCGCGCGACTCCACCCGTGGTGGGGCGGG
GGCGGCTGGCCGGCGGAGCCCCTCGCGCGGGGCCTGTCCAGCTCTCCTTCGGAGATCTTG
CAGGAGCTGGGCAAGGGGAGCACGCATCCGCAGCCCGGGGTGTCGCCACCCGCTGCCCCG
GCGGCGCCCGGCCCCAAGGACGGCCCCGGGGAGACGGACGCGTTTGGCAACAGCGAGGGC
AAAGAGCTGGTGGCCTCAGGTGAAAATAAAATAAAACAGGGTCTGTTACCTAGCTTGGAA
GATTTGCTGTTCTATACAATTGCTGAAGGACAAGAGAAAATACCTGTTCATAAATTTATT
ACAGCACTCAAATCTACAGGATTGCGAACGTCTGATCCCAGGTTGAAAGAGTGTATGGAT
ATGTTAAGATTAACTCTTCAAACAACATCAGATGGTGTCATGCTAGACAAAGATCTTTTT
AAAAAATGTGTTCAGAGCAACATTGTTTTGTTGACACAAGCATTTAGAAGAAAGTTTGTG
ATTCCTGACTTTATGTCTTTTACCTCACACATTGATGAGTTATATGAAAGTGCTAAAAAG
CAGTCTGGAGGAAAGGTTGCAGATTATATTCCTCAACTGGCCAAATTCAGTCCCGATTTG
TGGGGTGTGTCTGTTTGTACAGTAGATGGACAGAGGCATTCTACTGGAGATACCAAAGTT
CCCTTCTGTCTTCAGTCCTGTGTAAAACCTTTGAAATATGCCATTGCTGTTAATGATCTT
GGAACTGAATATGTGCATCGATATGTTGGAAAAGAGCCGAGTGGACTAAGATTCAACAAA
CTATTTTTGAATGAAGATGATAAACCACATAATCCTATGGTAAATGCTGGAGCAATTGTT
GTGACTTCACTAATAAAGCAAGGAGTAAATAATGCTGAAAAATTTGACTATGTCATGCAG
TTTTTGAATAAGATGGCTGGTAATGAATATGTTGGATTCAGTAATGCAACGTTTCAGTCT
GAAAGAGAAAGTGGAGATCGAAATTTTGCAATAGGATATTACTTAAAAGAAAAGAAGTGT
TTTCCAGAAGGCACAGACATGGTTGGTATATTAGACTTCTACTTCCAGCTGTGCTCCATT
GAAGTGACTTGTGAATCAGCCAGTGTGATGGCTGCGACACTGGCTAATGGTGGTTTCTGC
CCAATTACTGGTGAAAGAGTACTGAGCCCTGAAGCAGTTCGAAATACATTGAGTTTGATG
CATTCCTGTGGCATGTATGACTTCTCAGGGCAGTTTGCTTTCCATGTTGGTCTTCCTGCA
AAATCTGGAGTTGCTGGGGGCATTCTTTTAGTTGTCCCCAATGTTATGGGTATGATGTGC
TGGTCTCCTCCTCTGGATAAGATGGGCAACAGTGTTAAGGGAATTCACTTTTGTCACGAT
CTTGTTTCTCTGTGTAATTTCCATAACTATGATAATTTGAGACACTTTGCAAAAAAACTT
GATCCTCGAAGAGAAGGTGGTGATCAAAGGGTAAAGTCAGTGATAAATCTTTTGTTTGCT
GCATATACTGGAGATGTGTCTGCACTTCGAAGATTTGCTTTGTCAGCTATGGACATGGAA
CAGCGGGACTATGATTCTAGAACAGCACTCCATGTAGCTGCTGCAGAGGGTCATGTTGAA
GTTGTTAAATTTTTGCTGGAAGCCTGCAAAGTAAACCCTTTCCCCAAGGACAGGTGGAAT
AACACTCCCATGGATGAAGCACTGCACTTTGGACACCATGATGTATTTAAAATTCTCCAA
GAATACCAAGTCCAGTACACACCTCAAGGAGATTCTGACAACGGGAAGGAAAATCAAACC
GTCCATAAGAATCTTGATGGATTGTTGTAA

1. Elgadi KM, Meguid RA, Qian M, Souba WW, Abcouwer SF: Cloning and analysis of unique human glutaminase isoforms generated by tissue-specific alternative splicing. Physiol Genomics. 1999 Aug 31;1(2):51-62. [PubMed ]
2. Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, Kikuno R, Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. DNA Res. 1998 Dec 31;5(6):355-64. [PubMed ]
3. Holcomb T, Taylor L, Trohkimoinen J, Curthoys NP: Isolation, characterization and expression of a human brain mitochondrial glutaminase cDNA. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2000 Mar 10;76(1):56-63. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Hillman RT, Green RE, Brenner SE: An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance. Genome Biol. 2004;5(2):R8. Epub 2004 Feb 2. [PubMed ]
6. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. Fibrinoligase
2. Prostate transglutaminase
3. Prostate-specific transglutaminase
4. Transglutaminase P
5. TG(P)
6. TGP
7. TGase P
8. Transglutaminase-4
9. TGase-4

MMDASKELQVLHIDFLNQDNAVSHHTWEFQTSSPVFRRGQVFHLRLVLNQPLQSYHQLKL
EFSTGPNPSIAKHTLVVLDPRTPSDHYNWQATLQNESGKEVTVAVTSSPNAILGKYQLNV
KTGNHILKSEENILYLLFNPWCKEDMVFMPDEDERKEYILNDTGCHYVGAARSIKCKPWN
FGQFEKNVLDCCISLLTESSLKPTDRRDPVLVCRAMCAMMSFEKGQGVLIGNWTGDYEGG
TAPYKWTGSAPILQQYYNTKQAVCFGQCWVFAGILTTVLRALGIPARSVTGFDSAHDTER
NLTVDTYVNENGEKITSMTHDSVWNFHVWTDAWMKRPDLPKGYDGWQAVDATPQERSQGV
FCCGPSPLTAIRKGDIFIVYDTRFVFSEVNGDRLIWLVKMVNGQEELHVISMETTSIGKN
ISTKAVGQDRRRDITYEYKYPEGSSEERQVMDHAFLLLSSEREHRRPVKENFLHMSVQSD
DVLLGNSVNFTVILKRKTAALQNVNILGSFELQLYTGKKMAKLCDLNKTSQIQGQVSEVT
LTLDSKTYINSLAILDDEPVIRGFIIAEIVESKEIMASEVFTSFQYPEFSIELPNTGRIG
QLLVCNCIFKNTLAIPLTDVKFSLESLGISSLQTSDHGTVQPGETIQSQIKCTPIKTGPK
KFIVKLSSKQVKEINAQKIVLITK