1. (-)-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate
2. (-)-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid
3. (-)-Pyroglutamate
4. (-)-Pyroglutamic acid
5. (5S)-2-Oxopyrrolidine-5-carboxylate
6. (5S)-2-Oxopyrrolidine-5-carboxylic acid
7. (S)-(-)-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate
8. (S)-(-)-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid
9. (S)-(-)-g-Butyrolactam-g-carboxylate
10. (S)-(-)-g-Butyrolactam-g-carboxylic acid
11. (S)-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate
12. (S)-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid
13. (S)-5-Oxo-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylate
14. (S)-5-Oxo-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid
15. (S)-Pyroglutamate
16. (S)-Pyroglutamic acid
17. 2-L-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate
18. 2-L-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid
19. 2-Oxopyrrolidine-5(S)-carboxylate
20. 2-Oxopyrrolidine-5(S)-carboxylic acid
21. 2-Pyrrolidinone-5-carboxylate
22. 2-Pyrrolidinone-5-carboxylic acid
23. 5-Carboxy-2-pyrrolidinone
24. 5-Oxo-L-proline
25. 5-L-oxoproline
26. 5-Oxoproline
27. 5-Pyrrolidinone-2-carboxylate
28. 5-Pyrrolidinone-2-carboxylic acid
29. Ajidew A 100
30. Glutimate
31. Glutimic acid
32. Glutiminate
33. Glutiminic acid
34. L-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate
35. L-2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid
36. L-5-Carboxy-2-pyrrolidinone
37. L-5-Oxo-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylate
38. L-5-Oxo-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid
39. L-5-Oxoproline
40. L-Glutamic acid g-lactam
41. L-Glutimate
42. L-Glutimic acid
43. L-Glutiminate
44. L-Glutiminic acid
45. L-Pyroglutamate
46. L-Pyroglutamic acid
47. L-Pyrrolidinonecarboxylate
48. L-Pyrrolidinonecarboxylic acid
49. L-Pyrrolidonecarboxylate
50. L-Pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid
51. Oxoproline
52. Oxopyrrolidinecarboxylate
53. Oxopyrrolidinecarboxylic acid
54. Pidolate
55. Pidolic acid
56. Pidolidone
57. Pyroglutamate
58. Pyroglutamic acid
59. Pyrrolidinonecarboxylate
60. Pyrrolidinonecarboxylic acid
61. Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate
62. Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid
63. Pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid
64. (S)-(-)-gamma-Butyrolactam-gamma-carboxylate
65. (S)-(-)-gamma-Butyrolactam-gamma-carboxylic acid

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• Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Urine

• 260005 (5-oxoprolinase deficiency)
• 266130 (Glutathione synthetase deficiency)

1. Manning NJ, Davies NP, Olpin SE, Carpenter KH, Smith MF, Pollitt RJ, Duncan SL, Larsson A, Carlsson B: Prenatal diagnosis of glutathione synthase deficiency. Prenat Diagn. 1994 Jun;14(6):475-8. [PubMed ]
2. Caspers PJ, Lucassen GW, Carter EA, Bruining HA, Puppels GJ: In vivo confocal Raman microspectroscopy of the skin: noninvasive determination of molecular concentration profiles. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Mar;116(3):434-42. [PubMed ]
3. Hussain Z, Lannigan R, Stoakes L: A new approach for presumptive identification of clinically important streptococci. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg [A]. 1984 Oct;258(1):74-9. [PubMed ]
4. Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed ]
5. Creer MH, Lau BW, Jones JD, Chan KM: Pyroglutamic acidemia in an adult patient. Clin Chem. 1989 Apr;35(4):684-6. [PubMed ]
6. Hammond JW, Potter M, Truscott R, Wilcken B: gamma-Glutamylglutamine identified in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from hyperammonaemic patients. Clin Chim Acta. 1990 Dec 24;194(2-3):173-83. [PubMed ]
7. Uhlhaas S, Lange H: Striatal deficiency of L-pyroglutamic acid in Huntington's disease is accompanied by increased plasma levels. Brain Res. 1988 Aug 2;457(1):196-9. [PubMed ]
8. Jellum E, Stokke O, Eldjarn L: Combined use of gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and computer in diagnosis and studies of metabolic disorders. Clin Chem. 1972 Aug;18(8):800-9. [PubMed ]
9. Croal BL, Glen AC, Kelly CJ, Logan RW: Transient 5-oxoprolinuria (pyroglutamic aciduria) with systemic acidosis in an adult receiving antibiotic therapy. Clin Chem. 1998 Feb;44(2):336-40. [PubMed ]
10. Winslow JW, Shih A, Bourell JH, Weiss G, Reed B, Stults JT, Goldsmith LT: Human seminal relaxin is a product of the same gene as human luteal relaxin. Endocrinology. 1992 May;130(5):2660-8. [PubMed ]
11. Hoffmann GF, Meier-Augenstein W, Stockler S, Surtees R, Rating D, Nyhan WL: Physiology and pathophysiology of organic acids in cerebrospinal fluid. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(4):648-69. [PubMed ]
12. Wevers RA, Engelke U, Heerschap A: High-resolution 1H-NMR spectroscopy of blood plasma for metabolic studies. Clin Chem. 1994 Jul;40(7 Pt 1):1245-50. [PubMed ]
13. Erasmus E, Mienie LJ, de Vries WN, de Wet WJ, Carlsson B, Larsson A: Prenatal analysis in two suspected cases of glutathione synthetase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(5):837-43. [PubMed ]
14. Wikipedia

1. Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase
2. 5-oxoprolinase
3. 5-oxoprolinase
4. Gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase

1. Glutaminyl cyclase
2. QC
3. Glutaminyl-tRNA cyclotransferase
4. Glutamyl cyclase
5. EC

MAGGRHRRVVGTLHLLLLVAALPWASRGVSPSASAWPEEKNYHQPAILNSSALRQIAEGT
SISEMWQNDLQPLLIERYPGSPGSYAARQHIMQRIQRLQADWVLEIDTFLSQTPYGYRSF
SNIISTLNPTAKRHLVLACHYDSKYFSHWNNRVFVGATDSAVPCAMMLELARALDKKLLS
LKTVSDSKPDLSLQLIFFDGEEAFLHWSPQDSLYGSRHLAAKMASTPHPPGARGTSQLHG
MDLLVLLDLIGAPNPTFPNFFPNSARWFERLQAIEHELHELGLLKDHSLEGRYFQNYSYG
GVIQDDHIPFLRRGVPVLHLIPSPFPEVWHTMDDNEENLDESTIDNLNKILQVFVLEYLH
L

• L-glutaminyl-peptide = 5-oxoprolyl-peptide + NH3 [RN:R04058]

• Peptidase_M28 (PF04389 )

• 1-28

• None

ATGGCAGGCGGAAGACACCGGCGCGTCGTGGGCACCCTCCACCTGCTGCTGCTGGTGGCC
GCCCTGCCCTGGGCATCCAGGGGGGTCAGTCCGAGTGCCTCAGCCTGGCCAGAGGAGAAG
AATTACCACCAGCCAGCCATTTTGAATTCATCGGCTCTTCGGCAAATTGCAGAAGGCACC
AGTATCTCTGAAATGTGGCAAAATGACTTACAGCCATTGCTGATAGAGCGATACCCGGGA
TCCCCTGGAAGCTATGCTGCTCGTCAGCACATCATGCAGCGAATTCAGAGGCTTCAGGCT
GACTGGGTCTTGGAAATAGACACCTTCTTGAGTCAGACACCCTATGGGTACCGGTCTTTC
TCAAATATCATCAGCACCCTCAATCCCACTGCTAAACGACATTTGGTCCTCGCCTGCCAC
TATGACTCCAAGTATTTTTCCCACTGGAACAACAGAGTGTTTGTAGGAGCCACTGATTCA
GCCGTGCCATGTGCAATGATGTTGGAACTTGCTCGTGCCTTAGACAAGAAACTCCTTTCC
TTAAAGACTGTTTCAGACTCCAAGCCAGATTTGTCACTCCAGCTGATCTTCTTTGATGGT
GAAGAGGCTTTTCTTCACTGGTCTCCTCAAGATTCTCTCTATGGGTCTCGACACTTAGCT
GCAAAGATGGCATCGACCCCGCACCCACCTGGAGCGAGAGGCACCAGCCAACTGCATGGC
ATGGATTTATTGGTCTTATTGGATTTGATTGGAGCTCCAAACCCAACGTTTCCCAATTTT
TTTCCAAACTCAGCCAGGTGGTTCGAAAGACTTCAAGCAATTGAACATGAACTTCATGAA
TTGGGTTTGCTCAAGGATCACTCTTTGGAGGGGCGGTATTTCCAGAATTACAGTTATGGA
GGTGTGATTCAGGATGACCATATTCCATTTTTAAGAAGAGGTGTTCCAGTTCTGCATCTG
ATACCGTCTCCTTTCCCTGAAGTCTGGCACACCATGGATGACAATGAAGAAAATTTGGAT
GAATCAACCATTGACAATCTAAACAAAATCCTACAAGTCTTTGTGTTGGAATATCTTCAT
TTGTAA

1. Song I, Chuang CZ, Bateman RC Jr: Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and expression of human pituitary glutaminyl cyclase. J Mol Endocrinol. 1994 Aug;13(1):77-86. [PubMed ]
2. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Schilling S, Hoffmann T, Manhart S, Hoffmann M, Demuth HU: Glutaminyl cyclases unfold glutamyl cyclase activity under mild acid conditions. FEBS Lett. 2004 Apr 9;563(1-3):191-6. [PubMed ]
5. Huang KF, Liu YL, Cheng WJ, Ko TP, Wang AH: Crystal structures of human glutaminyl cyclase, an enzyme responsible for protein N-terminal pyroglutamate formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Sep 13;102(37):13117-22. Epub 2005 Aug 31. [PubMed ]

1. 5-oxo-L-prolinase
2. 5-OPase
3. Pyroglutamase

MGSPEGRFHFAIDRGGTFTDVFAQCPGGHVRVLKLLSEDPANYADAPTEGIRRILEQEAG
MLLPRDQPLDSSHIASIRMGTTVATNALLERKGERVALLVTRGFRDLLHIGTQARGDLFD
LAVPMPEVLYEEVLEVDERVVLHRGEAGTGTPVKGRTGDLLEVQQPVDLGALRGKLEGLL
SRGIRSLAVVLMHSYTWAQHEQQVGVLARELGFTHVSLSSEAMPMVRIVPRGHTACADAY
LTPAIQRYVQGFCRGFQGQLKDVQVLFMRSDGGLAPMDTFSGSSAVLSGPAGGVVGYSAT
TYQQEGGQPVIGFDMGGTSTDVSRYAGEFEHVFEASTAGVTLQAPQLDINTVAAGGGSRL
FFRSGLFVVGPESAGAHPGPACYRKGGPVTVTDANLVLGRLLPASFPCIFGPGENQPLSP
EASRKALEAVATEVNSFLTNGPCPASPLSLEEVAMGFVRVANEAMCRPIRALTQARGHDP
SAHVLACFGGAGGQHACAIARALGMDTVHIHRHSGLLSALGLALADVVHEAQEPCSLLYA
PETFVQLDQRLSRLEEQCVDALQAQGFPRSQISTESFLHLRYQGTDCALMVSAHQHPATA
RSPRAGDFGAAFVERYMREFGFVIPERPVVVDDVRVRGTGRSGLRLEDAPKAQTGPPRVD
KMTQCYFEGGYQETPVYLLAELGYGHKLHGPCLIIDSNSTILVEPGCQAEVTKTGDICIS
VGAEVPGTVGPQLDPIQLSIFSHRFMSIAEQMGRILQRTAISTNIKERLDFSCALFGPDG
GLVSNAPHIPVHLGAMQETVQFQIQHLGADLHPGDVLLSNHPSAGGSHLPDLTVITPVFW
PGQTRPVFYVASRGHHADIGGITPGSMPPHSTMLQQEGAVFLSFKLVQGGVFQEEAVTEA
LRAPGKVPNCSGTRNLHDNLSDLRAQVAANQKGIQLVGELIGQYGLDVVQAYMGHIQANA
ELAVRDMLRAFGTSRQARGLPLEVSSEDHMDDGSPIRLRVQISLSQGSAVFDFSGTGPEV
FGNLNAPRAVTLSALIYCLRCLVGRDIPLNQGCLAPVRVVIPRGSILDPSPEAAVVGGNV
LTSQRVVDVILGAFGACAASQGCMNNVTLGNAHMGYYETVAGGAGAGPSWHGRSGVHSHM
TNTRITDPEILESRYPVILRRFELRRGSGGRGRFRGGDGVTRELLFREEALLSVLTERRA
FRPYGLHGGEPGARGLNLLIRKNGRTVNLGGKTSVTVYPGDVFCLHTPGGGGYGDPEDPA
PPPGSPPQALAFPEHGSVYEYRRAQEAV

• Glutathione Metabolism (map00480 )

• ATP + 5-oxo-L-proline + 2 H2O = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamate [RN:R00251]

• Hydant_A_N (PF05378 )
• Hydantoinase_A (PF01968 )
• Hydantoinase_B (PF02538 )

• None

• None

ATGGGCAGCCCCGAGGGCCGCTTCCACTTTGCCATCGACCGTGGGGGTACCTTCACAGAC
GTCTTTGCCCAGTGCCCAGGGGGGCACGTGCGGGTCTTAAAACTGCTCTCAGAGGACCCT
GCCAACTATGCGGACGCGCCAACCGAAGGCATCCGCCGCATCCTGGAGCAGGAGGCCGGC
ATGCTCCTGCCCCGGGACCAGCCGCTGGACTCCAGTCATATCGCCAGCATCCGCATGGGC
ACCACAGTGGCCACCAACGCACTGCTGGAGCGGAAGGGGGAGCGGGTGGCGCTGCTGGTG
ACACGTGGCTTCCGAGACCTGCTGCACATTGGCACCCAAGCCCGTGGGGACCTCTTTGAC
CTGGCCGTGCCCATGCCTGAGGTGCTGTATGAAGAGGTGCTGGAGGTGGACGAACGCGTG
GTGCTGCACCGTGGAGAGGCGGGCACCGGGACGCCTGTGAAAGGCCGCACGGGGGACCTG
CTGGAAGTGCAGCAGCCTGTGGACCTGGGGGCCCTGCGTGGGAAGCTGGAGGGGCTGCTA
TCTCGAGGCATCCGCAGCCTGGCTGTGGTGCTCATGCACTCGTACACGTGGGCCCAGCAT
GAGCAGCAGGTGGGTGTGCTGGCCCGGGAGCTGGGCTTCACGCACGTGTCACTGTCCTCG
GAGGCCATGCCCATGGTGCGCATCGTCCCTCGGGGGCACACGGCCTGTGCCGACGCCTAC
CTCACGCCCGCCATCCAGCGCTACGTGCAGGGCTTCTGCCGTGGCTTCCAGGGCCAACTC
AAGGATGTGCAGGTGTTGTTCATGCGCTCCGATGGCGGCCTGGCGCCCATGGACACCTTC
AGCGGCTCCAGTGCTGTGCTCTCGGGCCCGGCCGGCGGCGTGGTGGGCTACTCAGCCACC
ACCTACCAGCAGGAGGGTGGCCAGCCTGTCATCGGCTTTGACATGGGAGGCACGTCCACG
GATGTGAGCCGCTATGCTGGGGAATTCGAGCACGTCTTCGAGGCCAGCACAGCTGGCGTC
ACCCTCCAGGCCCCGCAGCTGGACATCAACACCGTGGCAGCGGGAGGGGGTTCCCGCCTC
TTCTTCAGGTCTGGCCTCTTTGTGGTTGGGCCCGAGTCAGCAGGAGCCCACCCAGGACCC
GCCTGCTACCGCAAAGGGGGCCCTGTGACAGTGACGGATGCTAATCTGGTCCTGGGTCGC
CTGCTGCCTGCCTCCTTCCCCTGCATTTTTGGGCCGGGAGAGAACCAACCACTTTCCCCT
GAGGCCTCCCGCAAAGCCCTGGAGGCTGTGGCCACTGAGGTCAACAGCTTCCTGACCAAC
GGGCCCTGCCCGGCCTCCCCGCTGAGCCTGGAGGAGGTGGCCATGGGGTTCGTGCGCGTG
GCCAACGAGGCCATGTGCCGGCCCATCCGTGCACTCACGCAGGCAAGAGGCCATGACCCC
TCAGCCCATGTGCTGGCCTGCTTTGGGGGAGCTGGTGGGCAGCATGCATGTGCCATCGCC
CGGGCCCTGGGCATGGACACGGTGCACATCCACAGGCACAGTGGGCTGCTGTCGGCCCTG
GGGCTGGCCCTGGCTGACGTGGTGCATGAGGCACAGGAACCCTGCTCCCTGCTCTACGCG
CCTGAGACCTTCGTGCAGCTGGACCAGAGGCTGAGCCGCCTGGAGGAGCAGTGTGTGGAT
GCTCTGCAGGCCCAGGGCTTCCCCAGGTCCCAGATCAGCACTGAGAGCTTCCTGCACCTG
CGCTACCAGGGCACGGACTGTGCTCTGATGGTGTCTGCCCACCAGCACCCAGCCACAGCC
CGCTCGCCCCGTGCGGGGGACTTCGGGGCAGCCTTTGTGGAGCGGTACATGAGGGAGTTT
GGCTTTGTCATACCTGAGCGGCCGGTGGTCGTGGACGATGTGCGAGTGCGGGGCACCGGC
CGCAGTGGTCTTCGCCTCGAGGATGCCCCCAAAGCCCAGACCGGGCCTCCCCGGGTGGAC
AAGATGACCCAGTGCTACTTTGAGGGGGGCTACCAGGAGACCCCTGTGTACCTGCTGGCA
GAGCTGGGCTATGGGCACAAGCTCCATGGGCCCTGCCTCATCATCGACAGTAACAGCACC
ATCCTGGTGGAGCCAGGTTGCCAGGCAGAGGTGACCAAGACAGGGGACATCTGCATCTCC
GTGGGGGCCGAAGTCCCCGGCACAGTGGGCCCCCAGCTGGACCCTATCCAGCTGTCCATC
TTCTCACACCGCTTCATGAGCATTGCTGAGCAGATGGGCCGCATCCTGCAGCGCACAGCC
ATCTCCACCAACATCAAGGAGCGTCTGGACTTCTCCTGTGCCCTCTTTGGGCCCGATGGG
GGGCTGGTGTCCAATGCCCCCCACATCCCTGTGCACCTGGGTGCCATGCAGGAGACGGTG
CAGTTCCAGATTCAGCACCTGGGGGCCGATCTCCACCCTGGCGACGTGCTACTGAGCAAC
CATCCCAGTGCCGGGGGCAGCCACCTGCCAGACCTGACTGTTATCACACCGGTGTTTTGG
CCGGGTCAGACGCGGCCTGTGTTCTATGTGGCCAGCCGAGGGCACCACGCAGACATCGGG
GGCATCACACCAGGCTCCATGCCCCCCCACTCCACCATGCTGCAACAGGAGGGTGCCGTC
TTTCTGTCCTTCAAACTTGTCCAGGGGGGCGTCTTCCAGGAGGAGGCGGTGACGGAGGCC
CTGCGGGCGCCAGGCAAGGTCCCCAACTGCAGCGGAACCAGAAACCTGCACGACAACCTG
TCGGACCTCCGTGCCCAGGTGGCAGCCAACCAGAAGGGCATCCAGCTGGTGGGGGAGCTC
ATTGGGCAGTACGGCCTGGACGTGGTGCAGGCCTACATGGGCCATATTCAGGCAAACGCT
GAGCTGGCCGTGCGAGACATGTTGCGTGCCTTTGGAACCTCCCGGCAGGCCCGGGGCCTG
CCCCTGGAGGTGTCCTCGGAAGACCACATGGACGACGGTTCCCCCATCCGCCTCCGTGTG
CAGATCAGCCTGAGTCAGGGCAGCGCTGTGTTTGACTTCAGCGGCACTGGGCCGGAGGTG
TTTGGTAATCTCAACGCACCGCGGGCCGTAACCCTGTCCGCCCTCATCTACTGCCTGCGC
TGTCTGGTGGGCCGCGACATCCCACTCAACCAGGGCTGCCTGGCGCCAGTGCGCGTGGTC
ATTCCCCGAGGCTCCATCCTGGACCCGTCGCCCGAGGCGGCGGTGGTGGGCGGCAACGTG
CTCACGTCGCAGCGCGTGGTGGATGTCATCCTGGGGGCCTTTGGGGCCTGCGCCGCCTCC
CAGGGCTGCATGAACAACGTGACCCTGGGCAACGCCCACATGGGCTACTACGAGACGGTG
GCGGGCGGCGCGGGCGCGGGTCCCAGCTGGCACGGGCGCAGCGGTGTGCACAGCCACATG
ACCAACACACGCATCACCGACCCTGAGATCCTGGAGAGCCGGTACCCGGTCATCCTGCGC
CGCTTCGAGCTGCGGCGGGGCTCGGGGGGCAGAGGCCGCTTCCGAGGCGGCGACGGCGTC
ACCCGCGAGCTGCTCTTTCGTGAGGAGGCGCTGCTGTCAGTGCTGACCGAGCGCCGCGCC
TTCCGGCCATACGGGCTCCACGGGGGCGAGCCTGGCGCCCGCGGCCTAAACCTGCTGATC
CGCAAAAACGGCCGGACGGTGAATCTGGGCGGCAAGACGTCGGTGACCGTGTACCCCGGG
GATGTGTTCTGTCTCCACACGCCCGGCGGCGGTGGCTATGGGGACCCGGAGGACCCCGCC
CCACCGCCGGGGTCGCCCCCGCAAGCACTGGCCTTTCCCGAGCACGGCAGCGTCTATGAG
TATCGCCGGGCCCAGGAGGCCGTGTGA

1. Watanabe T, Abe K, Ishikawa H, Iijima Y: Bovine 5-oxo-L-prolinase: simple assay method, purification, cDNA cloning, and detection of mRNA in the coronary artery. Biol Pharm Bull. 2004 Mar;27(3):288-94. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]

1. ATP-hydrolysing

MGSPEGRFHFAIDRGGTFTDVFAQCPGGHVRVLKLLSEDPANYADAPTEGIRRILEQEAG
MLLPRDQPLDSSHIASIRMGTTVATNALLERKGERVALLVTRGFRDLLHIGTQARGDLFD
LAVPMPEVLYEEVLEVDERVVLHRGEAGTGTPVKGRTGDLLEVQQPVDLGALRGKLEGLL
SRGIRSLAVVLMHSYTWAQHEQQVGVLARELGFTHVSLSSEAMPMVRIVPRGHTACADAY
LTPAIQRYVQGFCRGFQGQLKDVQVLFMRSDGGLAPMDTFSGSSAVLSGPAGGVVGYSAT
TYQQEGGQPVIGFDMGGTSTDVSRYAGEFEHVFEASTAGVTLQAPQLDINTVAAGGGSRL
FFRSGLFVVGPESAGAHPGPACYRKGGPVTVTDANLVLGRLLPASFPCIFGPGENQPLSP
EASRKALEAVATEVNSFLTNGPCPASPLSLEEVAMGFVRVANEAMCRPIRALTQARGHDP
SAHVLACFGGAGGQHACAIARALGMDTVHIHRHSGLLSALGLALADVVHEAQEPCSLLYA
PETFVQLDQRLSRLEEQCVDALQAQGFPRSQISTESFLHLRYQGTDCALMVSAHQHPATA
RSPRAGDFGAAFVERYMREFGFVIPERPVVVDDVRVRGTGRSGLRLEDAPKAQTGPPRVD
KMTQCYFEGGYQETPVYLLAELGYGHKLHGPCLIIDSNSTILVEPGCQAEVTKTGDICIS
VGAEVPGTVGPQLDPIQLSIFSHRFMSIAEQMGRILQRTAISTNIKERLDFSCALFGPDG
GLVSNAPHIPVHLGAMQETVQFQIQHLGADLHPGDVLLSNHPSAGGSHLPDLTVITPVFW
PGQTRPVFYVASRGHHADIGGITPGSMPPHSTMLQQEGAVFLSFKLVQGGVFQEEAVTEA
LRAPGKVPNCSGTRNLHDNLSDLRAQVAANQKGIQLVGELIGQYGLDVVQAYMGHIQANA
ELAVRDMLRAFGTSRQARGLPLEVSSEDHMDDGSPIRLRVQISLSQGSAVFDFSGTGPEV
FGNLNAPRAVTLSALIYCLRCLVGRDIPLNQGCLAPVRVVIPRGSILDPSPEAAVVGGNV
LTSQRVVDVILGAFGACAASQGCMNNVTLGNAHMGYYETVAGGAGAGPSWHGRSGVHSHM
TNTRITDPEILESRYPVILRRFELRRGSGGRGRFRGGDGVTRELLFREEALLSVLTERRA
FRPYGLHGGEPGARGLNLLIRKNGRTVNLGGKTSVTVYPGDVFCLHTPGGGGYGDPEDPA
PPPGSPPQALAFPEHGSVYEYRRAQEAV

• Hydant_A_N (PF05378 )
• Hydantoinase_A (PF01968 )
• Hydantoinase_B (PF02538 )

• None

• None

1. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD, Altschul SF, Zeeberg B, Buetow KH, Schaefer CF, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Jordan H, Moore T, Max SI, Wang J, Hsieh F, Diatchenko L, Marusina K, Farmer AA, Rubin GM, Hong L, Stapleton M, Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brownstein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Prange C, Raha SS, Loquellano NA, Peters GJ, Abramson RD, Mullahy SJ, Bosak SA, McEwan PJ, McKernan KJ, Malek JA, Gunaratne PH, Richards S, Worley KC, Hale S, Garcia AM, Gay LJ, Hulyk SW, Villalon DK, Muzny DM, Sodergren EJ, Lu X, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madan A, Young AC, Shevchenko Y, Bouffard GG, Blakesley RW, Touchman JW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Krzywinski MI, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Marra MA: Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11. [PubMed ]

1. Cytochrome c-releasing factor 21

MANSGCKDVTGPDEESFLYFAYGSNLLTERIHLRNPSAAFFCVARLQDFKLDFGNSQGKT
SQTWHGGIATIFQSPGDEVWGVVWKMNKSNLNSLDEQEGVKSGMYVVIEVKVATQEGKEI
TCRSYLMTNYESAPPSPQYKKIICMGAKENGLPLEYQEKLKAIEPNDYTGKVSEEIEDII
KKGETQTL

• (gamma-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid = 5-oxoproline + L-amino acid [RN:R03749]

• AIG2 (PF06094 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCAACTCGGGCTGCAAGGACGTCACGGGTCCAGATGAGGAGAGTTTTCTGTACTTT
GCCTACGGCAGCAACCTGCTGACAGAGAGGATCCACCTCCGAAACCCCTCGGCGGCGTTC
TTCTGTGTGGCCCGCCTGCAGGATTTTAAGCTTGACTTTGGCAATTCCCAAGGCAAAACA
AGTCAAACTTGGCATGGAGGGATAGCCACCATTTTTCAGAGTCCTGGCGATGAAGTGTGG
GGAGTAGTATGGAAAATGAACAAAAGCAATTTAAATTCTCTGGATGAGCAAGAAGGGGTT
AAAAGTGGAATGTATGTTGTAATAGAAGTTAAAGTTGCAACTCAAGAAGGAAAAGAAATA
ACCTGTCGAAGTTATCTGATGACAAATTACGAAAGTGCTCCCCCATCCCCACAGTATAAA
AAGATTATTTGCATGGGTGCAAAAGAAAATGGTTTGCCGCTGGAGTATCAAGAGAAGTTA
AAAGCAATAGAACCAAATGACTATACAGGAAAGGTCTCAGAAGAAATTGAAGACATCATC
AAAAAGGGGGAAACACAAACTCTTTAG

1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Masuda Y, Maeda S, Watanabe A, Sano Y, Aiuchi T, Nakajo S, Itabe H, Nakaya K: A novel 21-kDa cytochrome c-releasing factor is generated upon treatment of human leukemia U937 cells with geranylgeraniol. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Jul 28;346(2):454-60. [PubMed ]
4. Oakley AJ, Yamada T, Liu D, Coggan M, Clark AG, Board PG: The identification and structural characterization of C7orf24 as gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase. An essential enzyme in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. J Biol Chem. 2008 Aug 8;283(32):22031-42. Epub 2008 May 30. [PubMed ]
5. Bae E, Bingman CA, Aceti DJ, Phillips GN Jr: Crystal structure of Homo sapiens protein LOC79017. Proteins. 2008 Feb 1;70(2):588-91. [PubMed ]