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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-05-30 20:55:48 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000870
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB0060263
  • HMDB00870
  • HMDB60263
Metabolite Identification
Common NameHistamine
DescriptionHistamine is an amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter. Histamine can be found in Photobacterium phosphoreum and Lactobacillus (PMID:17066936 ). Histamine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 2-arylethylamines. These are primary amines that have the general formula RCCNH2, where R is an organic group. High amounts of histamine have been found in spinach, oats and ryes. Another foods such as green beans, broccoli, and beetroots also contain histamine but in lower concentrations. Histamine has also been detected but not quantified in several different foods, such as groundcherries, carobs, bok choy, biscuits, and longans.
Structure
Data?1676999715
Synonyms
ValueSource
1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamineChEBI
2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethylamineChEBI
2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)ethanamineHMDB
2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)ethylamineHMDB
2-(1H-Imidazol-5-yl)ethanamineHMDB
2-(1H-Imidazol-5-yl)ethylamineHMDB
2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethanamineHMDB
2-Imidazol-4-yl-ethylamineHMDB
2-Imidazol-4-ylethylamineHMDB
4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1H-imidazoleHMDB
4-(2-Aminoethyl)imidazoleHMDB
4-ImidazoleethylamineHMDB
5-ImidazoleethylamineHMDB
b-Imidazolyl-4-ethylamineHMDB
beta-AminoethylglyoxalineHMDB
beta-AminoethylimidazoleHMDB
beta-AminothethylglyoxalineHMDB
beta-Imidazolyl-4-ethylamineHMDB
EraminHMDB
ErgamineHMDB
ErgotidineHMDB
HSMHMDB
2-(3H-Imidazol-4-yl)ethylamineHMDB
Imidazole-4-ethylamineHMDB
Β-imidazolyl-4-ethylamineHMDB
HistamineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC5H9N3
Average Molecular Weight111.1451
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight111.079647303
IUPAC Name2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethan-1-amine
Traditional Namehistamine
CAS Registry Number51-45-6
SMILES
NCCC1=CNC=N1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H9N3/c6-2-1-5-3-7-4-8-5/h3-4H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)
InChI KeyNTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 2-arylethylamines. These are primary amines that have the general formula RCCNH2, where R is an organic group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic nitrogen compounds
ClassOrganonitrogen compounds
Sub ClassAmines
Direct Parent2-arylethylamines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 2-arylethylamine
  • Aralkylamine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Imidazole
  • Azole
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationSource
Process
Naturally occurring process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point86 °CNot Available
Boiling Point380.29 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility1000000 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogP-0.70SANGSTER (1993)
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M+H]+MetCCS_train_pos120.01330932474
[M+H]+Not Available120.4http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000534
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility169 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.69ALOGPS
logP-0.7ChemAxon
logS0.18ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)14.46ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.58ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area54.7 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity31.66 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability12.08 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+119.31531661259
DarkChem[M+H]+119.31531661259
DarkChem[M-H]-115.1631661259
DarkChem[M-H]-115.1631661259
AllCCS[M+H]+124.26932859911
AllCCS[M-H]-121.55832859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+123.68930932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-121.41130932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-157.33630932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+131.81730932474
AllCCS[M+H]+124.332859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+119.532859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+128.832859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+130.132859911
AllCCS[M-H]-121.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-124.132859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-127.032859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
HistamineNCCC1=CNC=N12323.5Standard polar33892256
HistamineNCCC1=CNC=N11437.1Standard non polar33892256
HistamineNCCC1=CNC=N11403.5Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Histamine,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=C[NH]C=N11441.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=C[NH]C=N11555.9Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=C[NH]C=N11941.3Standard polar33892256
Histamine,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N1C=NC(CCN)=C11511.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N1C=NC(CCN)=C11439.5Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N1C=NC(CCN)=C12073.4Standard polar33892256
Histamine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=C[NH]C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C1669.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=C[NH]C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C1749.3Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=C[NH]C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C1911.5Standard polar33892256
Histamine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N11645.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N11608.4Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N11851.5Standard polar33892256
Histamine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C1862.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C1829.9Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C1837.4Standard polar33892256
Histamine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=C[NH]C=N11657.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=C[NH]C=N11817.6Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=C[NH]C=N12076.3Standard polar33892256
Histamine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1C=NC(CCN)=C11752.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1C=NC(CCN)=C11623.5Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1C=NC(CCN)=C12181.3Standard polar33892256
Histamine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=C[NH]C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2037.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=C[NH]C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2206.2Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=C[NH]C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2077.9Standard polar33892256
Histamine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N12108.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N12008.8Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NCCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N12027.1Standard polar33892256
Histamine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2466.2Semi standard non polar33892256
Histamine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2399.8Standard non polar33892256
Histamine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(CCC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2128.2Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)splash10-0f79-5910000000-9946e1707fcaf5562f882014-06-16HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-2910000000-8c243055df15d6ce81162014-06-16HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)splash10-00di-9710000000-bf79b524c104e1cc94ba2014-06-16HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-MS (2 TMS)splash10-0udi-2900000000-a40a3d0aed04ccfe93652014-06-16HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-MS (3 TMS)splash10-00dr-3910000000-44d8fb649d4e75eba66c2014-06-16HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0f79-5910000000-9946e1707fcaf5562f882017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-2910000000-8c243055df15d6ce81162017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-9710000000-bf79b524c104e1cc94ba2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-2900000000-a40a3d0aed04ccfe93652017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-00dr-3910000000-44d8fb649d4e75eba66c2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-2900000000-a40a3d0aed04ccfe93652017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-00dr-3910000000-44d8fb649d4e75eba66c2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-001i-9100000000-3de6a14d8a45af6c9d662016-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Histamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-001i-9000000000-9d57c893be8c75ce81782014-09-20Not AvailableView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-01ot-9600000000-06c58d75770dfd76aeab2012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-00kf-9000000000-0135b8f0628e592abc222012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-000x-9000000000-6fccc177582b320a48ae2012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-1900000000-6cda8885da689473fb422012-08-31HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-9100000000-37450d9969c24ad44ad72012-08-31HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-9000000000-e9e368926d3146437e132012-08-31HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-015a-9000000000-f51ad8a82595956009382012-08-31HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00lu-9000000000-3e02d5b58a7c9f77ec532012-08-31HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0900000000-046407320168835599f02012-08-31HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine , negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-3900000000-29ccabc0b6f5396168f22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-1900000000-6cda8885da689473fb422017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-9100000000-37450d9969c24ad44ad72017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-9000000000-e9e368926d3146437e132017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-015a-9000000000-f51ad8a82595956009382017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-00lu-9000000000-77394d92ed9170d75b982017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0900000000-046407320168835599f02017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine , positive-QTOFsplash10-01ot-9400000000-a19fc5e555afd53dafe72017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-9000000000-982b635075f56f26d2162021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0frx-9000000000-262a5d1ecfe104fb57712021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03dj-9700000000-b06ddb1eb7ed3ddf4f692015-04-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-9200000000-a93565f24c40eddb6cf42015-04-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0uxr-9000000000-71d70766bb4f9d3b13a02015-04-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-2900000000-2705dc2d177edbc4faa42015-04-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-6900000000-9e9ebaae6f68b4c2d89d2015-04-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Histamine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00kf-9000000000-9d4fe74f18b21423615d2015-04-25Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Experimental 2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-05Wishart LabView Spectrum

IR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Adrenal Medulla
  • Bladder
  • Brain
  • Epidermis
  • Fibroblasts
  • Intestine
  • Kidney
  • Neuron
  • Pancreas
  • Placenta
  • Platelet
  • Prostate
  • Skeletal Muscle
  • Spleen
  • Testis
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.00067 (0.00031-0.00220) uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0-0.30 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified0.38 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified0.000402 +/- 0.000072 uMNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified0.087 (0.018-0.270) uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected and Quantified20 +/- 30 nmol/g wet fecesAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.114 +/- 0.160 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not Specified
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.179 +/- 0.368 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.216 +/- 0.492 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.253 +/- 0.176 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.255 +/- 0.360 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not Specified
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.374 +/- 0.527 uMAdult (>18 years old)Female
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified3.44 +/- 4.15 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal
    • Zerihun T. Dame, ...
details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.026 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.007 (0.0036-0.011) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
    • West Cadwell, N.J...
    • Basel, Switzerlan...
details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.01-0.04 umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.02 +/- 0.01 umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)FemaleNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.02 +/- 0.01 umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)MaleNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.012 +/- 0.001 umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)Both
Normal
    • Analysis of 40 NI...
details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.03 (0.01-0.10) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified31.2 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified9.906 +/- 7.647 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 13 years old)Not Specified
Normal
    • Analysis of 30 no...
details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0016 (0.00090-0.0038) uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNephrotic syndrome details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0022 (0.0015-0.0280) uMAdult (>18 years old)BothHemodialysis details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0024 (0.0015-0.0032) uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Kidney disease
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0028 (0.0016-0.0120) uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)
details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified0.000392 +/- 0.000064 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not Specifiedsporadic narcolepsy-cataplexy details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
UrineDetected and Quantified18.114 +/- 13.033 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 13 years old)Not Specified
Eosinophilic esophagitis
    • Analysis of 30 no...
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Nephrotic syndrome
  1. Gill DS, Fonseca VA, Barradas MA, Balliod R, Moorhead JF, Dandona P: Plasma histamine in patients with chronic renal failure and nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Pathol. 1991 Mar;44(3):243-5. [PubMed:2013627 ]
Hemodialysis
  1. Gill DS, Fonseca VA, Barradas MA, Balliod R, Moorhead JF, Dandona P: Plasma histamine in patients with chronic renal failure and nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Pathol. 1991 Mar;44(3):243-5. [PubMed:2013627 ]
Kidney disease
  1. Gill DS, Fonseca VA, Barradas MA, Balliod R, Moorhead JF, Dandona P: Plasma histamine in patients with chronic renal failure and nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Pathol. 1991 Mar;44(3):243-5. [PubMed:2013627 ]
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
  1. Gill DS, Fonseca VA, Barradas MA, Balliod R, Moorhead JF, Dandona P: Plasma histamine in patients with chronic renal failure and nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Pathol. 1991 Mar;44(3):243-5. [PubMed:2013627 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
  2. Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
  3. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Eosinophilic esophagitis
  1. Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDDB05381
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB012596
KNApSAcK IDC00001414
Chemspider ID753
KEGG Compound IDC00388
BioCyc IDHISTAMINE
BiGG ID1810403
Wikipedia LinkHistamine
METLIN ID68
PubChem Compound774
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID18295
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDHISTA
MarkerDB IDMDB00000271
Good Scents IDrw1250321
References
Synthesis ReferencePyman, Frank L. 2-Thiol-4(5)-b-aminoethylglyoxaline (2-thiolhistamine). Journal of the Chemical Society (1930), 98-100.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762. [PubMed:19212411 ]
  2. Dvorak AM: New aspects of mast cell biology. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1997 Sep;114(1):1-9. [PubMed:9303324 ]
  3. Ito C: The role of the central histaminergic system on schizophrenia. Drug News Perspect. 2004 Jul-Aug;17(6):383-7. [PubMed:15334189 ]
  4. Bordignon V, Burastero SE: Age, gender and reactivity to allergens independently influence skin reactivity to histamine. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(2):129-35. [PubMed:16689187 ]
  5. Yosipovitch G, Fast K, Bernhard JD: Noxious heat and scratching decrease histamine-induced itch and skin blood flow. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Dec;125(6):1268-72. [PubMed:16354198 ]
  6. Koizumi H, Ohkawara A: H2 histamine receptor-mediated increase in intracellular Ca2+ in cultured human keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci. 1999 Sep;21(2):127-32. [PubMed:10511481 ]
  7. Brew OB, Sullivan MH: Localisation of mRNAs for diamine oxidase and histamine receptors H1 and H2, at the feto-maternal interface of human pregnancy. Inflamm Res. 2001 Sep;50(9):449-52. [PubMed:11603849 ]
  8. Narasimha SK, Srinivas CR, Mathew AC: Effect of topical corticosteroid application frequency on histamine-induced wheals. Int J Dermatol. 2005 May;44(5):425-7. [PubMed:15869544 ]
  9. Musio S, Gallo B, Scabeni S, Lapilla M, Poliani PL, Matarese G, Ohtsu H, Galli SJ, Mantegazza R, Steinman L, Pedotti R: A key regulatory role for histamine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: disease exacerbation in histidine decarboxylase-deficient mice. J Immunol. 2006 Jan 1;176(1):17-26. [PubMed:16365391 ]
  10. Kidon MI, See Y, Bun CY, Goh A, Chay OM, Balakrishnan A: Bimodal skin reactivity to histamine in atopic children in Singapore: influence of specific sensitizations. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2004 Dec;15(6):545-50. [PubMed:15610369 ]
  11. Masaki T, Yoshimatsu H, Chiba S, Watanabe T, Sakata T: Central infusion of histamine reduces fat accumulation and upregulates UCP family in leptin-resistant obese mice. Diabetes. 2001 Feb;50(2):376-84. [PubMed:11272150 ]
  12. Khandelwal JK, Hough LB, Morrishow AM, Green JP: Measurement of tele-methylhistamine and histamine in human cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and plasma. Agents Actions. 1982 Dec;12(5-6):583-90. [PubMed:7164933 ]
  13. Morgan TK, Montgomery K, Mason V, West RB, Wang L, van de Rijn M, Higgins JP: Upregulation of histidine decarboxylase expression in superficial cortical nephrons during pregnancy in mice and women. Kidney Int. 2006 Jul;70(2):306-14. Epub 2006 Jun 7. [PubMed:16760908 ]
  14. Xie H, He SH, Cheng MH, Fu YL: [Effect of tryptase inhibitors on histamine release from human colon mast cells]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2004 Nov;20(6):678-81. [PubMed:15555433 ]
  15. Gill DS, Fonseca VA, Barradas MA, Balliod R, Moorhead JF, Dandona P: Plasma histamine in patients with chronic renal failure and nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Pathol. 1991 Mar;44(3):243-5. [PubMed:2013627 ]
  16. Tedeschi A, Lorini M, Asero R: No evidence of increased serum substance P levels in chronic urticaria patients with and without demonstrable circulating vasoactive factors. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2005 Mar;30(2):171-5. [PubMed:15725248 ]
  17. Bruysters M, Jongejan A, Gillard M, van de Manakker F, Bakker RA, Chatelain P, Leurs R: Pharmacological differences between human and guinea pig histamine H1 receptors: Asn84 (2.61) as key residue within an additional binding pocket in the H1 receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Apr;67(4):1045-52. Epub 2004 Dec 30. [PubMed:15626750 ]
  18. Ronchetti R, Villa MP, Rennerova Z, Haluszka J, Dawi EB, Di Felice G, Al-Bousafy A, Zakrzewski J, Barletta B, Barreto M: Allergen skin weal/radioallergosorbent test relationship in childhood populations that differ in histamine skin reactivity: a multi-national survey. Clin Exp Allergy. 2005 Jan;35(1):70-4. [PubMed:15649269 ]
  19. Yamamoto T, Katayama I, Nishioka K: Possible contribution of stem cell factor in psoriasis vulgaris. J Dermatol Sci. 2000 Dec;24(3):171-6. [PubMed:11084298 ]
  20. Fahmy NR, Sunder N, Soter NA: Role of histamine in the hemodynamic and plasma catecholamine responses to morphine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1983 May;33(5):615-20. [PubMed:6839633 ]
  21. Kyllonen H, Malmberg P, Remitz A, Rytila P, Metso T, Helenius I, Haahtela T, Reitamo S: Respiratory symptoms, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and eosinophilic airway inflammation in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2006 Feb;36(2):192-7. [PubMed:16433856 ]
  22. Thiele I, Swainston N, Fleming RM, Hoppe A, Sahoo S, Aurich MK, Haraldsdottir H, Mo ML, Rolfsson O, Stobbe MD, Thorleifsson SG, Agren R, Bolling C, Bordel S, Chavali AK, Dobson P, Dunn WB, Endler L, Hala D, Hucka M, Hull D, Jameson D, Jamshidi N, Jonsson JJ, Juty N, Keating S, Nookaew I, Le Novere N, Malys N, Mazein A, Papin JA, Price ND, Selkov E Sr, Sigurdsson MI, Simeonidis E, Sonnenschein N, Smallbone K, Sorokin A, van Beek JH, Weichart D, Goryanin I, Nielsen J, Westerhoff HV, Kell DB, Mendes P, Palsson BO: A community-driven global reconstruction of human metabolism. Nat Biotechnol. 2013 May;31(5):419-25. doi: 10.1038/nbt.2488. Epub 2013 Mar 3. [PubMed:23455439 ]
  23. de las Rivas B, Marcobal A, Carrascosa AV, Munoz R: PCR detection of foodborne bacteria producing the biogenic amines histamine, tyramine, putrescine, and cadaverine. J Food Prot. 2006 Oct;69(10):2509-14. [PubMed:17066936 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 11 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in carboxy-lyase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) to dopamine, L-5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin and L-tryptophan to tryptamine.
Gene Name:
DDC
Uniprot ID:
P20711
Molecular weight:
53893.755
Reactions
L-Histidine → Histamine + Carbon dioxidedetails
General function:
Involved in copper ion binding
Specific function:
Catalyzes the degradation of compounds such as putrescine, histamine, spermine, and spermidine, substances involved in allergic and immune responses, cell proliferation, tissue differentiation, tumor formation, and possibly apoptosis. Placental DAO is thought to play a role in the regulation of the female reproductive function.
Gene Name:
ABP1
Uniprot ID:
P19801
Molecular weight:
85377.1
Reactions
Histamine + Water + Oxygen → Imidazole-4-acetaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxidedetails
General function:
Involved in copper ion binding
Specific function:
Has a monoamine oxidase activity with substrate specificity for 2-phenylethylamine and tryptamine. May play a role in adipogenesis. May be a critical modulator of signal transmission in retina.
Gene Name:
AOC2
Uniprot ID:
O75106
Molecular weight:
80515.11
General function:
Involved in histamine N-methyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Inactivates histamine by N-methylation. Plays an important role in degrading histamine and in regulating the airway response to histamine.
Gene Name:
HNMT
Uniprot ID:
P50135
Molecular weight:
6045.9
Reactions
S-Adenosylmethionine + Histamine → S-Adenosylhomocysteine + 1-Methylhistaminedetails
General function:
Involved in carboxy-lyase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the biosynthesis of histamine from histidine.
Gene Name:
HDC
Uniprot ID:
P19113
Molecular weight:
74139.825
Reactions
L-Histidine → Histamine + CO(2)details
L-Histidine → Histamine + Carbon dioxidedetails
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
The H2 subclass of histamine receptors mediates gastric acid secretion. Also appears to regulate gastrointestinal motility and intestinal secretion. Possible role in regulating cell growth and differentiation. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and, through a separate G protein-dependent mechanism, the phosphoinositide/protein kinase (PKC) signaling pathway
Gene Name:
HRH2
Uniprot ID:
P25021
Molecular weight:
40097.7
General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Involved in the ATP-dependent vesicular transport of biogenic amine neurotransmitters. Pumps cytosolic monoamines including dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and histamine into synaptic vesicles. Requisite for vesicular amine storage prior to secretion via exocytosis
Gene Name:
SLC18A2
Uniprot ID:
Q05940
Molecular weight:
55712.1
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
The H3 subclass of histamine receptors could mediate the histamine signals in CNS and peripheral nervous system. Signals through the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and displays high constitutive activity (spontaneous activity in the absence of agonist). Agonist stimulation of isoform 3 niether modified adenylate cyclase activity nor induced intracellular calcium mobilization
Gene Name:
HRH3
Uniprot ID:
Q9Y5N1
Molecular weight:
48670.8
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
In peripheral tissues, the H1 subclass of histamine receptors mediates the contraction of smooth muscles, increase in capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules, and catecholamine release from adrenal medulla, as well as mediating neurotransmission in the central nervous system
Gene Name:
HRH1
Uniprot ID:
P35367
Molecular weight:
55783.6
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
The H4 subclass of histamine receptors could mediate the histamine signals in peripheral tissues. Displays a significant level of constitutive activity (spontaneous activity in the absence of agonist)
Gene Name:
HRH4
Uniprot ID:
Q9H3N8
Molecular weight:
44495.4

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 11 proteins in total.