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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for FAD (HMDB01248)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2010-04-07 14:33:04
Accession Number HMDB01248
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name FAD
Description A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)
Synonyms
  1. 1H-Purin-6-amine flavin dinucleotide
  2. 1H-Purin-6-amine flavine dinucleotide
  3. Adenine-flavin dinucleotide
  4. Adenine-flavine dinucleotide
  5. Adenine-riboflavin dinuceotide
  6. Adenine-riboflavin dinucleotide
  7. Adenine-riboflavine dinucleotide
  8. FAD
  9. Flamitajin B
  10. Flanin F
  11. Flavin adenine dinucleotide
  12. Flavin-adenine dinucleotide
  13. Flavine adenosine diphosphate
  14. Flavine-adenine dinucleotide
  15. Flavitan
  16. Flaziren
  17. Isoalloxazine-adenine dinucleotide
  18. Riboflavin 5'-adenosine diphosphate
  19. Riboflavin-adenine dinucleotide
  20. Riboflavine-adenine dinucleotide
  21. flavin adenine dinucleotide oxidized
Chemical IUPAC Name Riboflavin 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate)
Chemical Formula C27H33N9O15P2
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Nucleosides and Nucleoside conjugates
Class
  • Nucleotides
Sub Class
  • Nucleotide diphosphates
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • secondary alcohol
  • 1,2-diol
  • primary amine
  • primary aromatic amine
  • oxo(het)arene
  • phosphoric acid ester
  • aromatic compound
  • heterocyclic compound
Biofunction
  • Enzyme cofactor
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 785.550
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 785.157104
Isomeric SMILES CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=NC3=C1N=CN=C3N)C1=NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=N2
Canonical SMILES CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(CC(O)C(O)C(O)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC1OC(C(O)C1O)N1C=NC3=C1N=CN=C3N)C1=NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=N2
KEGG Compound ID C00016 Link Image
BioCyc ID FAD Link Image
BiGG ID 33521 Link Image
Wikipedia Link FAD Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01248 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB01248 Link Image
METLIN ID 6106 Link Image
PubChem Compound 439154 Link Image
PubChem Substance 3318 Link Image
ChEBI ID 16238 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 146-14-5
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C27H33N9O15P2/c1-10-3-12-13(4-11(10)2)35(24-18(32-12)25(42)34-27(43)33-24)5-14(37)19(39)15(38)6-48-52(44,45)51-53(46,47)49-7-16-20(40)21(41)26(50-16)36-9-31-17-22(28)29-8-30-23(17)36/h3-4,8-9,14-16,19-21,26,37-41H,5-7H2,1-2H3,(H,44,45)(H,46,47)(H2,28,29,30)(H,34,42,43)/t14-,15+,16+,19-,20+,21+,26+/m0/s1
Synthesis Reference Not Available
Melting Point (Experimental) Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility 5 mg/mL [HMP experimental] Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 4.25 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge -2
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -0.78 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -5.2 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Varian)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
BMRB Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • mitochondria
  • peroxisome
Biofluid Location
  • Blood
Tissue Location
Tissue References
Erythrocyte
Liver
Muscle
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.078 +/- 0.054 uM
Age Adolescent:13-18 yrs old
Sex Female
Patient information Adolescent girls
Comments Not Available
References
  • Capo-chichi CD, Gueant JL, Lefebvre E, Bennani N, Lorentz E, Vidailhet C, Vidailhet M: Riboflavin and riboflavin-derived cofactors in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4):672-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.075 (0.056-0.097) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Hustad S, McKinley MC, McNulty H, Schneede J, Strain JJ, Scott JM, Ueland PM: Riboflavin, flavin mononucleotide, and flavin adenine dinucleotide in human plasma and erythrocytes at baseline and after low-dose riboflavin supplementation. Clin Chem. 2002 Sep;48(9):1571-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.061 (0.044-0.078) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Female
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Fabian E, Majchrzak D, Dieminger B, Meyer E, Elmadfa I: Influence of probiotic and conventional yoghurt on the status of vitamins B1, B2 and B6 in young healthy women. Ann Nutr Metab. 2008;52(1):29-36. Epub 2008 Jan 30. [PubMed Link Image]
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.048 +/- 0.023 uM
Age Adolescent:13-18 yrs old
Sex Female
Condition Anorexia nervosa
Comments Not Available
References
  • Capo-chichi CD, Gueant JL, Lefebvre E, Bennani N, Lorentz E, Vidailhet C, Vidailhet M: Riboflavin and riboflavin-derived cofactors in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4):672-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.031 +/- 0.01 uM
Age Children:1-13 yrs old
Sex Both
Comments Not Available
References
  • Capo-Chichi CD, Feillet F, Gueant JL, Amouzou K, Zonon N, Sanni A, Lefebvre E, Assimadi K, Vidailhet M: Concentrations of riboflavin and related organic acids in children with protein-energy malnutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Apr;71(4):978-86. [PubMed Link Image]
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Anorexia nervosa
  • Capo-chichi CD, Gueant JL, Lefebvre E, Bennani N, Lorentz E, Vidailhet C, Vidailhet M: Riboflavin and riboflavin-derived cofactors in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4):672-8. [PubMed Link Image]
OMIM ID
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Citric Acid Cycle SMP00057 Link Image map00020 Link Image
Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle SMP00124 Link Image
Riboflavin Metabolism SMP00070 Link Image map00740 Link Image
General References
  1. Flatz G, Simmersbach F: Flavin adenine dinucleotide concentration in erythrocytes with normal and deficient glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Klin Wochenschr. 1970 Sep 1;48(17):1071-2. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Zempleni J: Determination of riboflavin and flavocoenzymes in human blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ann Nutr Metab. 1995;39(4):224-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Becker K, Wilkinson AR: Flavin adenine dinucleotide levels in erythrocytes of very low birthweight infants under vitamin supplementation. Biol Neonate. 1993;63(2):80-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lisowsky T, Lee JE, Polimeno L, Francavilla A, Hofhaus G: Mammalian augmenter of liver regeneration protein is a sulfhydryl oxidase. Dig Liver Dis. 2001 Mar;33(2):173-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Cimino JA, Jhangiani S, Schwartz E, Cooperman JM: Riboflavin metabolism in the hypothyroid human adult. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1987 Feb;184(2):151-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kodentsova VM, Vrzhesinskaia OA, Alekseeva IA, Spirichev VB: [Comparison of biochemical criteria for supplying the human body with riboflavin] Vopr Med Khim. 1991 Sep-Oct;37(5):76-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Lopez-Anaya A, Mayersohn M: Quantification of riboflavin, riboflavin 5'-phosphate and flavin adenine dinucleotide in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1987 Dec 25;423:105-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Van Binsbergen CJ, Odink J, Van den Berg H, Koppeschaar H, Coelingh Bennink HJ: Nutritional status in anorexia nervosa: clinical chemistry, vitamins, iron and zinc. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1988 Nov;42(11):929-37. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Mohrenweiser HW, Novotny JE: ACP1GUA-1--a low-activity variant of human erythrocyte acid phosphatase: association with increased glutathione reductase activity. Am J Hum Genet. 1982 May;34(3):425-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Gianazza E, Vergani L, Wait R, Brizio C, Brambilla D, Begum S, Giancaspero TA, Conserva F, Eberini I, Bufano D, Angelini C, Pegoraro E, Tramontano A, Barile M: Coordinated and reversible reduction of enzymes involved in terminal oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle mitochondria from a riboflavin-responsive, multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency patient. Electrophoresis. 2006 Mar;27(5-6):1182-98. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Cimino JA, Noto RA, Fusco CL, Cooperman JM: Riboflavin metabolism in the hypothyroid newborn. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Mar;47(3):481-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Wikipedia Link Image
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  2. Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  3. Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  4. Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  5. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1
  6. Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1
  7. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial
  8. Peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase
  9. Peroxisomal N(1)-acetyl-spermine/spermidine oxidase
  10. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12
  11. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3
  12. Aldehyde oxidase
  13. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1
  14. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2
  15. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3
  16. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4
  17. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4L
  18. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11
  19. Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic
  20. Lathosterol oxidase
  21. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial
  22. Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]
  23. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial
  24. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5
  25. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial
  26. Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 5
  27. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial
  28. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6
  29. Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1
  30. D-aspartate oxidase
  31. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4
  32. Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial
  33. Heme oxygenase 2
  34. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial
  35. Squalene monooxygenase
  36. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2
  37. Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 2
  38. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7
  39. Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial
  40. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2
  41. Methionine synthase
  42. Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
  43. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial
  44. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial
  45. Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2
  46. Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 4
  47. Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  48. Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
  49. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2
  50. Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3
  51. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3
  52. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7
  53. Acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial
  54. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5
  55. Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
  56. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial
  57. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4
  58. Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial
  59. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial
  60. Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase
  61. NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase
  62. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  63. Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1
  64. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial
  65. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9
  66. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
  67. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 6
  68. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13
  69. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial
  70. Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 3
  71. Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial
  72. Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3
  73. Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial
  74. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  75. Heme oxygenase 1
  76. Retinal dehydrogenase 1
  77. Choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  78. Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  79. Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  80. NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
  81. Retinal dehydrogenase 2
  82. D-amino-acid oxidase
  83. Methionine synthase reductase
  84. tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 2-like
  85. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP+]
  86. Sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  87. Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
  88. Nitric oxide synthase, brain
  89. Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial
  90. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase
  91. NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial
  92. Alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase, peroxisomal
  93. Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  94. NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1
  95. Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain
  96. Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha, mitochondrial
  97. Putative dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 6
  98. 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase
  99. Amyloid beta A4 protein
  100. Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta
  101. Proline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  102. D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  103. L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  104. Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase
  105. Spermine oxidase
  106. Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial
  107. Cryptochrome-1
  108. Dual oxidase 2
  109. OTTHUMP00000017001
  110. Probable D-lactate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  111. Isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  112. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9, mitochondrial
  113. Probable proline dehydrogenase 2
  114. Dual oxidase 1
  115. Thioredoxin reductase 3
  116. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 1
  117. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 2
  118. Cytochrome b5 reductase 4
  119. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase-like
  120. Putative uncharacterized protein DKFZp686B0215
  121. cDNA FLJ76840, highly similar to Homo sapiens succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein
  122. cDNA FLJ76015, highly similar to Homo sapiens glutaryl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase
  123. Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, long chain
  124. cDNA FLJ75492, highly similar to Homo sapiens glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2
  125. FAD synthase
  126. Ubiquinone biosynthesis monooxygenase COQ6
  127. NADPH oxidase 5
  128. NADPH oxidase 3
  129. Metalloreductase STEAP3
  130. Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
  131. Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase-like protein
  132. Apoptosis-inducing factor 2
  133. Apoptosis-inducing factor 3
  134. FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR
  135. Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1B
  136. Cryptochrome-2
  137. tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 1-like
  138. tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 3-like
  139. tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 4-like
  140. ERO1-like protein alpha
  141. ERO1-like protein beta
  142. FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain-containing protein 1
  143. FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain-containing protein 2
  144. Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A
  145. NEDD9-interacting protein with calponin homology and LIM domains
  146. Protein MICAL-2
  147. Protein MICAL-3
  148. Protein MTO1 homolog, mitochondrial
  149. NADPH-dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1
  150. NADPH oxidase 1
  151. NADPH oxidase 4
  152. L-amino-acid oxidase
  153. Oxidoreductase NAD-binding domain-containing protein 1
  154. Prenylcysteine oxidase 1
  155. Prenylcysteine oxidase-like
  156. [Pyruvate dehydrogenase [acetyl-transferring]]-phosphatase 2, mitochondrial
  157. Pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase domain-containing protein 1
  158. Sulfhydryl oxidase 1
  159. Sulfhydryl oxidase 2
  160. Renalase
  161. All-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase
  162. Sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
  163. Metalloreductase STEAP1
  164. Metalloreductase STEAP2
  165. Metalloreductase STEAP4
  166. Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C delta5 alternative splicing variant
  167. Integral membrane protein CII-3b
  168. cDNA FLJ77934, highly similar to Homo sapiens flavin containing monooxygenase 1 (FMO1), mRNA (Flavin containing monooxygenase 1, isoform CRA_a)
  169. Flavin containing monooxygenase 2
  170. Uncharacterized protein ZNF554 (Zinc finger protein 554, isoform CRA_c)
  171. NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 4, 9kDa (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 4, 9kDa, isoform CRA_b)
  172. NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 1, 7kDa (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 1, 7kDa, isoform CRA_b)
  173. NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 2, 8kDa
  174. cDNA FLJ76517, highly similar to Homo sapiens NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 6, 17kDa (NDUFB6), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, transcript variant 1, mRNA (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 6, 17kDa, isofo
  175. cDNA FLJ76373, highly similar to Homo sapiens NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 8, 19kDa (NDUFB8), mRNA (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 8, 19kDa, isoform CRA_b)
  176. NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 10, 22kDa, isoform CRA_b
  177. cDNA FLJ76555, highly similar to Homo sapiens NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1, subcomplex unknown, 1, 6kDa (NDUFC1), mRNA (Putative uncharacterized protein NDUFC1)
  178. cDNA FLJ76512, highly similar to Homo sapiens NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 3, 10kDa (NDUFV3), transcript variant 2, mRNA (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) flavoprotein 3, 10kDa, isoform CRA_b)
  179. Peroxisomal N1-acetyl-spermine/spermidine oxidase (PAO) (Polyamine oxidase (Exo-N4-amino), isoform CRA_a)
  180. cDNA, FLJ93072, Homo sapiens monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA (Monoamine oxidase B, isoform CRA_a)
  181. cDNA, FLJ93456, highly similar to Homo sapiens D-amino-acid oxidase (DAO), mRNA (D-amino-acid oxidase, isoform CRA_c)
  182. cDNA FLJ14592 fis, clone NT2RM4002063, highly similar to Peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase (EC 1.5.3.1)
  183. cDNA, FLJ92337, highly similar to Homo sapiens succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B, iron sulfur (Ip) (SDHB), mRNA (Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B, iron sulfur (Ip), isoform CRA_a)
  184. Putative uncharacterized protein
  185. cDNA, FLJ92690, Homo sapiens NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1), mRNA (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1, isoform CRA_c)
  186. cDNA, FLJ93696, highly similar to Homo sapiens flavin containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), mRNA (Flavin containing monooxygenase 3, isoform CRA_b)
  187. cDNA, FLJ96516, Homo sapiens NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 5,13kDa (NDUFA5), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 5, 13kDa, isoform CRA_b)
  188. NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 8, 19kDa
  189. cDNA, FLJ92143, Homo sapiens NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1, alpha/betasubcomplex, 1, 8kDa (NDUFAB1), mRNA (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1, alpha/beta subcomplex, 1, 8kDa, isoform CRA_b)
  190. cDNA, FLJ93971, Homo sapiens NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 9,22kDa (NDUFB9), mRNA (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 9, 22kDa)
  191. cDNA, FLJ94420, Homo sapiens NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 3, 30kDa(NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) (NDUFS3), mRNA (NADH dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 3, 30kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase), isoform CRA_a)
  192. Cytochrome b5 reductase 1, isoform CRA_b
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5283
Enzyme 1 Name Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
  2. Glycine cleavage system L protein
Enzyme 1 Gene Name DLD
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MQSWSRVYCSLAKRGHFNRISHGLQGLSAVPLRTYADQPIDADVTVIGSGPGGYVAAIKA
AQLGFKTVCIEKNETLGGTCLNVGCIPSKALLNNSHYYHMAHGKDFASRGIEMSEVRLNL
DKMMEQKSTAVKALTGGIAHLFKQNKVVHVNGYGKITGKNQVTATKADGGTQVIDTKNIL
IATGSEVTPFPGITIDEDTIVSSTGALSLKKVPEKMVVIGAGVIGVELGSVWQRLGADVT
AVEFLGHVGGVGIDMEISKNFQRILQKQGFKFKLNTKVTGATKKSDGKIDVSIEAASGGK
AEVITCDVLLVCIGRRPFTKNLGLEELGIELDPRGRIPVNTRFQTKIPNIYAIGDVVAGP
MLAHKAEDEGIICVEGMAGGAVHIDYNCVPSVIYTHPEVAWVGKSEEQLKEEGIEYKVGK
FPFAANSRAKTNADTDGMVKILGQKSTDRVLGAHILGPGAGEMVNEAALALEYGASCEDI
ARVCHAHPTLSEAFREANLAASFGKSINF
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 509
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 54176.9
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 7.95
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • cell redox homeostasis
  • cellular homeostasis
  • cellular process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 1 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine cleavage system as well as of the alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. Involved in the hyperactivation of spermatazoa during capacitation and in the spermatazoal acrosome reaction
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • protein N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + NAD+ = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + NADH + H+ [RN:R08550]
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 91199540 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P09622 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DLDH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >1530 bp
ATGCAGAGCTGGAGTCGTGTGTACTGCTCCTTGGCCAAGAGAGGCCATTTCAATCGAATA
TCTCATGGCCTACAGGGACTTTCTGCAGTGCCTCTGAGAACTTACGCAGATCAGCCGATT
GATGCTGATGTAACAGTTATAGGTTCTGGTCCTGGAGGATATGTTGCTGCTATTAAAGCT
GCCCAGTTAGGCTTCAAGACAGTCTGCATTGAGAAAAATGAAACACTTGGTGGAACATGC
TTGAATGTTGGTTGTATTCCTTCTAAGGCTTTATTGAACAACTCTCATTATTACCATATG
GCCCATGGAAAAGATTTTGCATCTAGAGGAATTGAAATGTCCGAAGTTCGCTTGAATTTA
GACAAGATGATGGAGCAGAAGAGTACTGCAGTAAAAGCTTTAACAGGTGGAATTGCCCAC
TTATTCAAACAGAATAAGGTTGTTCATGTCAATGGATATGGAAAGATAACTGGCAAAAAT
CAAGTCACTGCTACGAAAGCTGATGGCGGCACTCAGGTTATTGATACAAAGAACATTCTT
ATAGCCACGGGTTCAGAAGTTACTCCTTTTCCTGGAATCACGATAGATGAAGATACAATA
GTGTCATCTACAGGTGCTTTATCTTTAAAAAAAGTTCCAGAAAAGATGGTTGTTATTGGT
GCAGGAGTAATAGGTGTAGAATTGGGTTCAGTTTGGCAAAGACTTGGTGCAGATGTGACA
GCAGTTGAATTTTTAGGTCATGTAGGTGGAGTTGGAATTGATATGGAGATATCTAAAAAC
TTTCAACGCATCCTTCAAAAACAGGGGTTTAAATTTAAATTGAATACAAAGGTTACTGGT
GCTACCAAGAAGTCAGATGGAAAAATTGATGTTTCTATTGAAGCTGCTTCTGGTGGTAAA
GCTGAAGTTATCACTTGTGATGTACTCTTGGTTTGCATTGGCCGACGACCCTTTACTAAG
AATTTGGGACTAGAAGAGCTGGGAATTGAACTAGATCCCAGAGGTAGAATTCCAGTCAAT
ACCAGATTTCAAACTAAAATTCCAAATATCTATGCCATTGGTGATGTAGTTGCTGGTCCA
ATGCTGGCTCACAAAGCAGAGGATGAAGGCATTATCTGTGTTGAAGGAATGGCTGGTGGT
GCTGTGCACATTGACTACAATTGTGTGCCATCAGTGATTTACACACACCCTGAAGTTGCT
TGGGTTGGCAAATCAGAAGAGCAGTTGAAAGAAGAGGGTATTGAGTACAAAGTTGGGAAA
TTCCCATTTGCTGCTAACAGCAGAGCTAAGACAAATGCTGACACAGATGGCATGGTGAAG
ATCCTTGGGCAGAAATCGACAGACAGAGTACTGGGAGCACATATTCTTGGACCAGGTGCT
GGAGAAATGGTAAATGAAGCTGCTCTTGCTTTGGAATATGGAGCATCCTGTGAAGATATA
GCTAGAGTCTGTCATGCACATCCGACCTTATCAGAAGCTTTTAGAGAAGCAAATCTTGCT
GCGTCATTTGGCAAATCAATCAACTTTTGA
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID NM_000108.3 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID DLD Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID DLD Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:2898 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 1 Locus 7q31-q32
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Otulakowski G, Robinson BH: Isolation and sequence determination of cDNA clones for porcine and human lipoamide dehydrogenase. Homology to other disulfide oxidoreductases. J Biol Chem. 1987 Dec 25;262(36):17313-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Pons G, Raefsky-Estrin C, Carothers DJ, Pepin RA, Javed AA, Jesse BW, Ganapathi MK, Samols D, Patel MS: Cloning and cDNA sequence of the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase component human alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1422-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Feigenbaum AS, Robinson BH: The structure of the human dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase gene (DLD) and its upstream elements. Genomics. 1993 Aug;17(2):376-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, Osborne LR, Nakabayashi K, Herbrick JA, Carson AR, Parker-Katiraee L, Skaug J, Khaja R, Zhang J, Hudek AK, Li M, Haddad M, Duggan GE, Fernandez BA, Kanematsu E, Gentles S, Christopoulos CC, Choufani S, Kwasnicka D, Zheng XH, Lai Z, Nusskern D, Zhang Q, Gu Z, Lu F, Zeesman S, Nowaczyk MJ, Teshima I, Chitayat D, Shuman C, Weksberg R, Zackai EH, Grebe TA, Cox SR, Kirkpatrick SJ, Rahman N, Friedman JM, Heng HH, Pelicci PG, Lo-Coco F, Belloni E, Shaffer LG, Pober B, Morton CC, Gusella JF, Bruns GA, Korf BR, Quade BJ, Ligon AH, Ferguson H, Higgins AW, Leach NT, Herrick SR, Lemyre E, Farra CG, Kim HG, Summers AM, Gripp KW, Roberts W, Szatmari P, Winsor EJ, Grzeschik KH, Teebi A, Minassian BA, Kere J, Armengol L, Pujana MA, Estivill X, Wilson MD, Koop BF, Tosi S, Moore GE, Boright AP, Zlotorynski E, Kerem B, Kroisel PM, Petek E, Oscier DG, Mould SJ, Dohner H, Dohner K, Rommens JM, Vincent JB, Venter JC, Li PW, Mural RJ, Adams MD, Tsui LC: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. Science. 2003 May 2;300(5620):767-72. Epub 2003 Apr 10. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Johanning GL, Morris JI, Madhusudhan KT, Samols D, Patel MS: Characterization of the transcriptional regulatory region of the human dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Nov 15;89(22):10964-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Brautigam CA, Chuang JL, Tomchick DR, Machius M, Chuang DT: Crystal structure of human dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase: NAD+/NADH binding and the structural basis of disease-causing mutations. J Mol Biol. 2005 Jul 15;350(3):543-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Ciszak EM, Makal A, Hong YS, Vettaikkorumakankauv AK, Korotchkina LG, Patel MS: How dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-binding protein binds dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in the human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jan 6;281(1):648-55. Epub 2005 Nov 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Brautigam CA, Wynn RM, Chuang JL, Machius M, Tomchick DR, Chuang DT: Structural insight into interactions between dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) and E3 binding protein of human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Structure. 2006 Mar;14(3):611-21. Epub 2006 Jan 26. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Liu TC, Kim H, Arizmendi C, Kitano A, Patel MS: Identification of two missense mutations in a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-deficient patient. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jun 1;90(11):5186-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Hong YS, Kerr DS, Craigen WJ, Tan J, Pan Y, Lusk M, Patel MS: Identification of two mutations in a compound heterozygous child with dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Dec;5(12):1925-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Shaag A, Saada A, Berger I, Mandel H, Joseph A, Feigenbaum A, Elpeleg ON: Molecular basis of lipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency in Ashkenazi Jews. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Jan 15;82(2):177-82. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5334
Enzyme 2 Name Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. LCAD
Enzyme 2 Gene Name ACADL
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MAARLLRGSLRVLGGHRAPRQLPAARCSHSGGEERLETPSAKKLTDIGIRRIFSPEHDIF
RKSVRKFFQEEVIPHHSEWEKAGEVSREVWEKAGKQGLLGVNIAEHLGGIGGDLYSAAIV
WEEQAYSNCSGPGFSIHSGIVMSYITNHGSEEQIKHFIPQMTAGKCIGAIAMTEPGAGSD
LQGIKTNAKKDGSDWILNGSKVFISNGSLSDVVIVVAVTNHEAPSPAHGISLFLVENGMK
GFIKGRKLHKMGLKAQDTAELFFEDIRLPASALLGEENKGFYYIMKELPQERLLIADVAI
SASEFMFEETRNYVKQRKAFGKTVAHLQTVQHKLAELKTHICVTRAFVDNCLQLHEAKRL
DSATACMAKYWASELQNSVAYDCVQLHGGWGYMWEYPIAKAYVDARVQPIYGGTNEIMKE
LIAREIVFDK
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 430
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 47655.3
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 7.89
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor [RN:R00392]
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 177962 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P28330 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACADL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >1293 bp
ATGGCCGCACGCCTTCTCCGAGGGTCCCTACGCGTCCTGGGCGGCCACCGTGCGCCGCGC
CAGCTGCCCGCCGCGCGATGTTCTCATTCCGGAGGGGAAGAACGTCTAGAAACTCCTTCT
GCTAAAAAATTAACAGATATAGGAATTCGAAGAATCTTTTCTCCAGAGCATGACATTTTC
CGGAAAAGTGTAAGGAAGTTTTTCCAAGAAGAAGTGATTCCTCATCACTCAGAATGGGAG
AAAGCTGGAGAAGTAAGTAGGGAGGTTTGGGAAAAAGCTGGAAAACAAGGACTGCTTGGT
GTCAATATTGCAGAGCATCTTGGTGGAATTGGAGGGGATCTGTACTCCGCAGCTATTGTC
TGGGAGGAGCAAGCTTATTCAAATTGTTCAGGCCCAGGTTTTAGTATTCATTCAGGTATT
GTCATGTCCTATATTACAAACCATGGCTCAGAAGAACAGATTAAGCACTTTATTCCCCAG
ATGACTGCAGGCAAATGTATTGGTGCAATAGCAATGACAGAGCCTGGAGCTGGAAGTGAC
TTACAGGGAATAAAAACAAATGCTAAAAAGGATGGAAGTGACTGGATTCTCAATGGAAGC
AAGGTGTTCATCAGTAATGGGTCATTAAGTGATGTTGTGATTGTAGTTGCGGTCACAAAT
CATGAAGCTCCCTCCCCTGCCCATGGTATTAGCCTTTTTCTGGTGGAAAATGGAATGAAA
GGATTTATCAAGGGACGAAAGCTACATAAAATGGGATTAAAAGCCCAGGATACCGCAGAA
CTATTCTTTGAAGATATACGGTTGCCAGCTAGTGCCCTACTTGGAGAAGAGAATAAAGGC
TTCTATTACATCATGAAAGAGCTTCCACAGGAAAGGCTGTTAATTGCTGATGTGGCAATT
TCAGCTAGTGAATTCATGTTTGAAGAAACCAGGAACTATGTTAAACAAAGAAAAGCTTTT
GGCAAAACAGTTGCTCACCTACAGACAGTGCAACATAAATTAGCAGAATTAAAAACACAT
ATATGTGTAACCCGAGCATTTGTGGACAACTGTCTCCAGCTGCATGAAGCGAAACGTTTG
GACTCCGCCACTGCTTGCATGGCGAAATATTGGGCATCTGAGTTACAAAATAGTGTAGCT
TACGACTGTGTACAGCTCCATGGAGGTTGGGGATACATGTGGGAGTACCCAATTGCAAAA
GCTTATGTGGATGCCAGAGTTCAGCCAATCTATGGTGGTACAAATGAAATAATGAAGGAG
CTGATTGCAAGAGAGATTGTCTTTGACAAGTAG
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID M74096 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID ACADL Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID ACADL Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:88 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 2 Locus 2q34-q35
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Indo Y, Yang-Feng T, Glassberg R, Tanaka K: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNAs encoding human long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and assignment of the location of its gene (ACADL) to chromosome 2. Genomics. 1991 Nov;11(3):609-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Indo Y, Yang-Feng T, Glassberg R, Tanaka K: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNAs encoding human long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and assignment of the location of its gene (ACADL) to chromosome 2. Genomics. 1992 Mar;12(3):626. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 5335
Enzyme 3 Name Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. SCAD
  2. Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase
Enzyme 3 Gene Name ACADS
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MAAALLARASGPARRALCPRAWRQLHTIYQSVELPETHQMLLQTCRDFAEKELFPIAAQV
DKEHLFPAAQVKKMGGLGLLAMDVPEELGGAGLDYLAYAIAMEEISRGCASTGVIMSVNN
SLYLGPILKFGSKEQKQAWVTPFTSGDKIGCFALSEPGNGSDAGAASTTARAEGDSWVLN
GTKAWITNAWEASAAVVFASTDRALQNKGISAFLVPMPTPGLTLGKKEDKLGIRGSSTAN
LIFEDCRIPKDSILGEPGMGFKIAMQTLDMGRIGIASQALGIAQTALDCAVNYAENRMAF
GAPLTKLQVIQFKLADMALALESARLLTWRAAMLKDNKKPFIKEAAMAKLAASEAATAIS
HQAIQILGGMGYVTEMPAERHYRDARITEIYEGTSEIQRLVIAGHLLRSYRS
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 412
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 44296.7
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 8.12
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Butanoyl-CoA + acceptor = 2-butenoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor
Enzyme 3 Pathways
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • butanoyl-CoA + acceptor = 2-butenoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor [RN:R01178]
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 337928 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P16219 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACADS_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID 1JQI Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB File Show
Enzyme 3 3D Structure
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >1239 bp
ATGGCCGCCGCGCTGCTCGCCCGGGCCTCGGGCCCTGCCCGCAGAGCTCTCTGTCCTAGG
GCCTGGCGGCAGTTACACACCATCTACCAGTCTGTGGAACTGCCCGAGACACACCAGATG
TTGCTCCAGACATGCCGGGACTTTGCCGAGAAGGAGTTGTTTCCCATTGCAGCCCAGGTG
GATAAGGAACATCTCTTCCCAGCGGCTCAGGTGAAGAAGATGGGCGGGCTTGGGCTTCTG
GCCATGGACGTGCCCGAGGAGCTTGGCGGTGCTGGCCTCGATTACCTGGCCTACGCCATC
GCCATGGAGGAGATCAGCCGTGGCTGCGCCTCCACCGGAGTCATCATGAGTGTCAACAAC
TCTCTCTACCTGGGGCCCATCTTGAAGTTTGGCTCCAAGGAGCAGAAGCAGGCGTGGGTC
ACGCCTTTCACCAGTGGTGACAAAATTGGCTGCTTTGCCCTCAGCGAACCAGGGAACGGC
AGTGATGCAGGAGCTGCGTCCACCACCGCCCGGGCCGAGGGCGACTCATGGGTTCTGAAT
GGAACCAAAGCCTGGATCACCAATGCCTGGGAGGCTTCGGCTGCCGTGGTCTTTGCCAGC
ACGGACAGAGCCCTGCAAAACAAGGGCATCAGTGCCTTCCTGGTCCCCATGCCAACGCCT
GGGCTCACGTTGGGGAAGAAAGAAGACAAGCTGGGCATCCGGGGCTCATCCACGGCCAAC
CTCATCTTTGAGGACTGTCGCATCCCCAAGGACAGCATCCTGGGGGAGCCAGGGATGGGC
TTCAAGATAGCCATGCAAACCCTGGACATGGGCCGCATCGGCATCGCCTCCCAGGCCCTG
GGCATTGCCCAGACCGCCCTCGATTGTGCTGTGAACTACGCTGAGAATCGCATGGCCTTC
GGGGCGCCCCTCACCAAGCTCCAGGTCATCCAGTTCAAGTTGGCAGACATGGCCCTGGCC
CTGGAGAGTGCCCGGCTGCTGACCTGGCGCGCTGCCATGCTGAAGGATAACAAGAAGCCT
TTCATCAAGGAGGCAGCCATGGCCAAGCTGGCCGCCTCGGAGGCCGCGACCGCCATCAGC
CACCAGGCCATCCAGATCCTGGGCGGCATGGGCTACGTGACAGAGATGCCGGCAGAGCGG
CACTACCGCGACGCCCGCATCACTGAGATCTACGAGGGCACCAGCGAAATCCAGCGGCTG
GTGATCGCCGGGCATCTGCTCAGGAGCTACCGGAGCTGA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID M26393 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID ACADS Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID ACADS Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:90 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 3 Locus 12q22-qter
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Naito E, Ozasa H, Ikeda Y, Tanaka K: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of complementary DNAs encoding human short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and the study of the molecular basis of human short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1989 May;83(5):1605-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Corydon MJ, Andresen BS, Bross P, Kjeldsen M, Andreasen PH, Eiberg H, Kolvraa S, Gregersen N: Structural organization of the human short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene. Mamm Genome. 1997 Dec;8(12):922-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Hochstrasser DF, Frutiger S, Paquet N, Bairoch A, Ravier F, Pasquali C, Sanchez JC, Tissot JD, Bjellqvist B, Vargas R, et al.: Human liver protein map: a reference database established by microsequencing and gel comparison. Electrophoresis. 1992 Dec;13(12):992-1001. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Naito E, Indo Y, Tanaka K: Identification of two variant short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase alleles, each containing a different point mutation in a patient with short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1990 May;85(5):1575-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gregersen N, Winter VS, Corydon MJ, Corydon TJ, Rinaldo P, Ribes A, Martinez G, Bennett MJ, Vianey-Saban C, Bhala A, Hale DE, Lehnert W, Kmoch S, Roig M, Riudor E, Eiberg H, Andresen BS, Bross P, Bolund LA, Kolvraa S: Identification of four new mutations in the short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) gene in two patients: one of the variant alleles, 511C-->T, is present at an unexpectedly high frequency in the general population, as was the case for 625G-->A, together conferring susceptibility to ethylmalonic aciduria. Hum Mol Genet. 1998 Apr;7(4):619-27. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Corydon MJ, Vockley J, Rinaldo P, Rhead WJ, Kjeldsen M, Winter V, Riggs C, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Smeitink J, De Jong J, Levy H, Sewell AC, Roe C, Matern D, Dasouki M, Gregersen N: Role of common gene variations in the molecular pathogenesis of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Pediatr Res. 2001 Jan;49(1):18-23. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 5336
Enzyme 4 Name Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 4 Synonyms
  1. MCAD
Enzyme 4 Gene Name ACADM
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MAAGFGRCCRVLRSISRFHWRSQHTKANRQREPGLGFSFEFTEQQKEFQATARKFAREEI
IPVAAEYDKTGEYPVPLIRRAWELGLMNTHIPENCGGLGLGTFDACLISEELAYGCTGVQ
TAIEGNSLGQMPIIIAGNDQQKKKYLGRMTEEPLMCAYCVTEPGAGSDVAGIKTKAEKKG
DEYIINGQKMWITNGGKANWYFLLARSDPDPKAPANKAFTGFIVEADTPGIQIGRKELNM
GQRCSDTRGIVFEDVKVPKENVLIGDGAGFKVAMGAFDKTRPVVAAGAVGLAQRALDEAT
KYALERKTFGKLLVEHQAISFMLAEMAMKVELARMSYQRAAWEVDSGRRNTYYASIAKAF
AGDIANQLATDAVQILGGNGFNTEYPVEKLMRDAKIYQIYEGTSQIQRLIVAREHIDKYK
N
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 421
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 46588.0
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 8.51
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 4 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 4 Specific Function This enzyme is specific for acyl chain lengths of 4 to 16
Enzyme 4 Pathways
Enzyme 4 Reactions
  • acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor [RN:R00392]
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein 177964 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P11310 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACADM_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID 1T9G Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB File Show
Enzyme 4 3D Structure
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >1266 bp
ATGGCAGCGGGGTTCGGGCGATGCTGCAGGGTCCTGAGAAGTATTTCTCGTTTTCATTGG
AGATCACAGCATACAAAAGCCAATCGACAACGTGAACCAGGATTAGGATTTAGTTTTGAG
TTCACCGAACAGCAGAAAGAATTTCAAGCTACTGCTCGTAAATTTGCCAGAGAGGAAATC
ATCCCAGTGGCTGCAGAATATGATAAAACTGGTGAATATCCAGTCCCCCTAATTAGAAGA
GCCTGGGAACTTGGTTTAATGAACACACACATTCCAGAGAACTGTGGAGGTCTTGGACTT
GGAACTTTTGATGCTTGTTTAATTAGTGAAGAATTGGCTTATGGATGTACAGGGGTTCAG
ACTGCTATTGAAGGAAATTCTTTGGGGCAAATGCCTATTATTATTGCTGGAAATGATCAA
CAAAAGAAGAAGTATTTGGGGAGAATGACTGAGGAGCCATTGATGTGTGCTTATTGTGTA
ACAGAACCTGGAGCAGGCTCTGATGTAGCTGGTATAAAGACCAAAGCAGAAAAGAAAGGA
GATGAGTATATTATTAATGGTCAGAAGATGTGGATAACCAACGGAGGAAAAGCTAATTGG
TATTTTTTATTGGCACGTTCTGATCCAGATCCTAAAGCTCCTGCTAATAAAGCCTTTACT
GGATTCATTGTGGAAGCAGATACCCCAGGAATTCAGATTGGGAGAAAGGAATTAAACATG
GGCCAGCGATGTTCAGATACTAGAGGAATTGTCTTCGAAGATGTGAAAGTGCCTAAAGAA
AATGTTTTAATTGGTGACGGAGCTGGTTTCAAAGTTGCAATGGGAGCTTTTGATAAAACC
AGACCTGTAGTAGCTGCTGGTGCTGTTGGATTAGCACAAAGAGCTTTGGATGAAGCTACC
AAGTATGCCCTGGAAAGGAAAACTTTCGGAAAGCTACTTGTAGAGCACCAAGCAATATCA
TTTATGCTGGCTGAAATGGCAATGAAAGTTGAACTAGCTAGAATGAGTTACCAGAGAGCA
GCTTGGGAGGTTGATTCTGGTCGTCGAAATACCTATTATGCTTCTATTGCAAAGGCATTT
GCTGGAGATATTGCAAATCAGTTAGCTACTGATGCTGTGCAGATACTTGGAGGCAATGGA
TTTAATACAGAATATCCTGTAGAAAAACTAATGAGGGATGCCAAAATCTATCAGATTTAT
GAAGGTACTTCACAAATTCAAAGACTTATTGTAGCCCGTGAACACATTGACAAGTACAAA
AATTAA
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID M16827 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID ACADM Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID ACADM Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:89 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 4 Locus 1p31
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Kelly DP, Kim JJ, Billadello JJ, Hainline BE, Chu TW, Strauss AW: Nucleotide sequence of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase mRNA and its expression in enzyme-deficient human tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(12):4068-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Zhang ZF, Kelly DP, Kim JJ, Zhou YQ, Ogden ML, Whelan AJ, Strauss AW: Structural organization and regulatory regions of the human medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene. Biochemistry. 1992 Jan 14;31(1):81-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Matsubara Y, Narisawa K, Miyabayashi S, Tada K, Coates PM, Bachmann C, Elsas LJ 2nd, Pollitt RJ, Rhead WJ, Roe CR: Identification of a common mutation in patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Aug 31;171(1):498-505. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Lee HJ, Wang M, Paschke R, Nandy A, Ghisla S, Kim JJ: Crystal structures of the wild type and the Glu376Gly/Thr255Glu mutant of human medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase: influence of the location of the catalytic base on substrate specificity. Biochemistry. 1996 Sep 24;35(38):12412-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Toogood HS, van Thiel A, Basran J, Sutcliffe MJ, Scrutton NS, Leys D: Extensive domain motion and electron transfer in the human electron transferring flavoprotein.medium chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase complex. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 30;279(31):32904-12. Epub 2004 May 24. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Toogood HS, van Thiel A, Scrutton NS, Leys D: Stabilization of non-productive conformations underpins rapid electron transfer to electron-transferring flavoprotein. J Biol Chem. 2005 Aug 26;280(34):30361-6. Epub 2005 Jun 23. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Tanaka K, Yokota I, Coates PM, Strauss AW, Kelly DP, Zhang Z, Gregersen N, Andresen BS, Matsubara Y, Curtis D, et al.: Mutations in the medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) gene. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(4):271-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Yokota I, Indo Y, Coates PM, Tanaka K: Molecular basis of medium chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. An A to G transition at position 985 that causes a lysine-304 to glutamate substitution in the mature protein is the single prevalent mutation. J Clin Invest. 1990 Sep;86(3):1000-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Kelly DP, Whelan AJ, Ogden ML, Alpers R, Zhang ZF, Bellus G, Gregersen N, Dorland L, Strauss AW: Molecular characterization of inherited medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9236-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Yokota I, Coates PM, Hale DE, Rinaldo P, Tanaka K: Molecular survey of a prevalent mutation, 985A-to-G transition, and identification of five infrequent mutations in the medium-chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) gene in 55 patients with MCAD deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;49(6):1280-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Gregersen N, Andresen BS, Bross P, Winter V, Rudiger N, Engst S, Christensen E, Kelly D, Strauss AW, Kolvraa S, et al.: Molecular characterization of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency: identification of a lys329 to glu mutation in the MCAD gene, and expression of inactive mutant enzyme protein in E. coli. Hum Genet. 1991 Apr;86(6):545-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Blakemore AI, Singleton H, Pollitt RJ, Engel PC, Kolvraa S, Gregersen N, Curtis D: Frequency of the G985 MCAD mutation in the general population. Lancet. 1991 Feb 2;337(8736):298-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Andresen BS, Jensen TG, Bross P, Knudsen I, Winter V, Kolvraa S, Bolund L, Ding JH, Chen YT, Van Hove JL, et al.: Disease-causing mutations in exon 11 of the medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jun;54(6):975-88. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Ziadeh R, Hoffman EP, Finegold DN, Hoop RC, Brackett JC, Strauss AW, Naylor EW: Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in Pennsylvania: neonatal screening shows high incidence and unexpected mutation frequencies. Pediatr Res. 1995 May;37(5):675-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Brackett JC, Sims HF, Steiner RD, Nunge M, Zimmerman EM, deMartinville B, Rinaldo P, Slaugh R, Strauss AW: A novel mutation in medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase causes sudden neonatal death. J Clin Invest. 1994 Oct;94(4):1477-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Andresen BS, Bross P, Udvari S, Kirk J, Gray G, Kmoch S, Chamoles N, Knudsen I, Winter V, Wilcken B, Yokota I, Hart K, Packman S, Harpey JP, Saudubray JM, Hale DE, Bolund L, Kolvraa S, Gregersen N: The molecular basis of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency in compound heterozygous patients: is there correlation between genotype and phenotype? Hum Mol Genet. 1997 May;6(5):695-707. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Kuchler B, Abdel-Ghany AG, Bross P, Nandy A, Rasched I, Ghisla S: Biochemical characterization of a variant human medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase with a disease-associated mutation localized in the active site. Biochem J. 1999 Jan 15;337 ( Pt 2):225-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  22. Yang BZ, Ding JH, Zhou C, Dimachkie MM, Sweetman L, Dasouki MJ, Wilkinson J, Roe CR: Identification of a novel mutation in patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Mol Genet Metab. 2000 Mar;69(3):259-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  23. Andresen BS, Dobrowolski SF, O'Reilly L, Muenzer J, McCandless SE, Frazier DM, Udvari S, Bross P, Knudsen I, Banas R, Chace DH, Engel P, Naylor EW, Gregersen N: Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) mutations identified by MS/MS-based prospective screening of newborns differ from those observed in patients with clinical symptoms: identification and characterization of a new, prevalent mutation that results in mild MCAD deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1408-18. Epub 2001 May 8. [PubMed Link Image]
  24. Zschocke J, Schulze A, Lindner M, Fiesel S, Olgemoller K, Hoffmann GF, Penzien J, Ruiter JP, Wanders RJ, Mayatepek E: Molecular and functional characterisation of mild MCAD deficiency. Hum Genet. 2001 May;108(5):404-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  25. Albers S, Levy HL, Irons M, Strauss AW, Marsden D: Compound heterozygosity in four asymptomatic siblings with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2001 Jun;24(3):417-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  26. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 5349
Enzyme 5 Name NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1
Enzyme 5 Synonyms
  1. NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1
Enzyme 5 Gene Name MT-ND1
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1
MPMANLLLLIVPILIAMAFLMLTERKILGYMQLRKGPNVVGPYGLLQPFADAMKLFTKEP
LKPATSTITLYITAPTLALTIALLLWTPLPMPNPLVNLNLGLLFILATSSLAVYSILWSG
WASNSNYALIGALRAVAQTISYEVTLAIILLSTLLMSGSFNLSTLITTQEHLWLLLPSWP
LAMMWFISTLAETNRTPFDLAEGESELVSGFNIEYAAGPFALFFMAEYTNIIMMNTLTTT
IFLGTTYDALSPELYTTYFVTKTLLLTSLFLWIRTAYPRFRYDQLMHLLWKNFLPLTLAL
LMWYVSMPITISSIPPQT
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 318
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 35660.1
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 6.53
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
Enzyme 5 General Function Involved in oxidation reduction
Enzyme 5 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol [RN:R02163]
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • 2-22 68-88 100-120 146-166 171-191 231-251 253-273 294-314
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein 13004 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P03886 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NU1M_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence >957 bp
ATACCCATGGCCAACCTCCTACTCCTCATTGTACCCATTCTAATCGCAATGGCATTCCTA
ATGCTTACCGAACGAAAAATTCTAGGCTATATACAACTACGCAAAGGCCCCAACGTGGTA
GGCCCCTACGGGCTACTACAACCCTTCGCTGACGCCATAAAACTCTTCACCAAAGAGCCC
CTAAAACCCGCCACATCTACCATCACCCTCTACATCACCGCCCCGACCTTAGCTCTCACC
ATCGCTCTTCTACTATGAACCCCCCTCCCCATACCCAACCCCCTGGTCAACCTCAACCTA
GGCCTCCTATTTATTCTAGCCACCTCTAGCCTAGCCGTTTACTCAATCCTCTGATCAGGG
TGAGCATCAAACTCAAACTACGCCCTGATCGGCGCACTGCGAGCAGTAGCCCAAACAATC
TCATATGAAGTCACCCTAGCCATCATTCTACTATCAACATTACTAATAAGTGGCTCCTTT
AACCTCTCCACCCTTATCACAACACAAGAACACCTCTGATTACTCCTGCCATCATGACCC
TTGGCCATAATATGATTTATCTCCACACTAGCAGAGACCAACCGAACCCCCTTCGACCTT
GCCGAAGGGGAGTCCGAACTAGTCTCAGGCTTCAACATCGAATACGCCGCAGGCCCCTTC
GCCCTATTCTTCATAGCCGAATACACAAACATTATTATAATAAACACCCTCACCACTACA
ATCTTCCTAGGAACAACATATGACGCACTCTCCCCTGAACTCTACACAACATATTTTGTC
ACCAAGACCCTACTTCTAACCTCCCTGTTCTTATGAATTCGAACAGCATACCCCCGATTC
CGCTACGACCAACTCATACACCTCCTATGAAAAAACTTCCTACCACTCACCCTAGCATTA
CTTATATGATATGTCTCCATACCCATTACAATCTCCAGCATTCCCCCTCAAACCTAA
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID V00662 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID MT-ND1 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID MT-ND1 Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:7455 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, de Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Drouin J, Eperon IC, Nierlich DP, Roe BA, Sanger F, Schreier PH, Smith AJ, Staden R, Young IG: Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature. 1981 Apr 9;290(5806):457-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Horai S, Hayasaka K, Kondo R, Tsugane K, Takahata N: Recent African origin of modern humans revealed by complete sequences of hominoid mitochondrial DNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 17;92(2):532-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Moilanen JS, Finnila S, Majamaa K: Lineage-specific selection in human mtDNA: lack of polymorphisms in a segment of MTND5 gene in haplogroup J. Mol Biol Evol. 2003 Dec;20(12):2132-42. Epub 2003 Aug 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ingman M, Kaessmann H, Paabo S, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans. Nature. 2000 Dec 7;408(6813):708-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ingman M, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and evolutionary history of Australian and New Guinean aborigines. Genome Res. 2003 Jul;13(7):1600-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Coble MD, Just RS, O'Callaghan JE, Letmanyi IH, Peterson CT, Irwin JA, Parsons TJ: Single nucleotide polymorphisms over the entire mtDNA genome that increase the power of forensic testing in Caucasians. Int J Legal Med. 2004 Jun;118(3):137-46. Epub 2004 Feb 4. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Sanger F, Coulson AR, Barrell BG, Smith AJ, Roe BA: Cloning in single-stranded bacteriophage as an aid to rapid DNA sequencing. J Mol Biol. 1980 Oct 25;143(2):161-78. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Chomyn A, Mariottini P, Cleeter MW, Ragan CI, Matsuno-Yagi A, Hatefi Y, Doolittle RF, Attardi G: Six unidentified reading frames of human mitochondrial DNA encode components of the respiratory-chain NADH dehydrogenase. Nature. 1985 Apr 18-24;314(6012):592-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Howell N, Bindoff LA, McCullough DA, Kubacka I, Poulton J, Mackey D, Taylor L, Turnbull DM: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: identification of the same mitochondrial ND1 mutation in six pedigrees. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Nov;49(5):939-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Huoponen K, Vilkki J, Aula P, Nikoskelainen EK, Savontaus ML: A new mtDNA mutation associated with Leber hereditary optic neuroretinopathy. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Jun;48(6):1147-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Howell N, Kubacka I, Xu M, McCullough DA: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: involvement of the mitochondrial ND1 gene and evidence for an intragenic suppressor mutation. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 May;48(5):935-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Johns DR, Berman J: Alternative, simultaneous complex I mitochondrial DNA mutations in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Feb 14;174(3):1324-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Majander A, Huoponen K, Savontaus ML, Nikoskelainen E, Wikstrom M: Electron transfer properties of NADH:ubiquinone reductase in the ND1/3460 and the ND4/11778 mutations of the Leber hereditary optic neuroretinopathy (LHON). FEBS Lett. 1991 Nov 4;292(1-2):289-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Marzuki S, Noer AS, Lertrit P, Thyagarajan D, Kapsa R, Utthanaphol P, Byrne E: Normal variants of human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: the building of a reference data base. Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;88(2):139-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Johns DR, Neufeld MJ, Park RD: An ND-6 mitochondrial DNA mutation associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Sep 30;187(3):1551-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Shoffner JM, Brown MD, Torroni A, Lott MT, Cabell MF, Mirra SS, Beal MF, Yang CC, Gearing M, Salvo R, et al.: Mitochondrial DNA variants observed in Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease patients. Genomics. 1993 Jul;17(1):171-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Jaksch M, Hofmann S, Kaufhold P, Obermaier-Kusser B, Zierz S, Gerbitz KD: A novel combination of mitochondrial tRNA and ND1 gene mutations in a syndrome with MELAS, cardiomyopathy, and diabetes mellitus. Hum Mutat. 1996;7(4):358-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Nakagawa Y, Ikegami H, Yamato E, Takekawa K, Fujisawa T, Hamada Y, Ueda H, Uchigata Y, Miki T, Kumahara Y, et al.: A new mitochondrial DNA mutation associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Apr 17;209(2):664-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 5351
Enzyme 6 Name Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1
Enzyme 6 Synonyms
  1. E-NPP 1
  2. Membrane component chromosome 6 surface marker 1
  3. Phosphodiesterase I/nucleotide pyrophosphatase 1
  4. Plasma-cell membrane glycoprotein PC-1
  5. Alkaline phosphodiesterase I
  6. Nucleotide pyrophosphatase
  7. NPPase
Enzyme 6 Gene Name ENPP1
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1
MERDGCAGGGSRGGEGGRAPREGPAGNGRDRGRSHAAEAPGDPQAAASLLAPMDVGEEPL
EKAARARTAKDPNTYKVLSLVLSVCVLTTILGCIFGLKPSCAKEVKSCKGRCFERTFGNC
RCDAACVELGNCCLDYQETCIEPEHIWTCNKFRCGEKRLTRSLCACSDDCKDKGDCCINY
SSVCQGEKSWVEEPCESINEPQCPAGFETPPTLLFSLDGFRAEYLHTWGGLLPVISKLKK
CGTYTKNMRPVYPTKTFPNHYSIVTGLYPESHGIIDNKMYDPKMNASFSLKSKEKFNPEW
YKGEPIWVTAKYQGLKSGTFFWPGSDVEINGIFPDIYKMYNGSVPFEERILAVLQWLQLP
KDERPHFYTLYLEEPDSSGHSYGPVSSEVIKALQRVDGMVGMLMDGLKELNLHRCLNLIL
ISDHGMEQGSCKKYIYLNKYLGDVKNIKVIYGPAARLRPSDVPDKYYSFNYEGIARNLSC
REPNQHFKPYLKHFLPKRLHFAKSDRIEPLTFYLDPQWQLALNPSERKYCGSGFHGSDNV
FSNMQALFVGYGPGFKHGIEADTFENIEVYNLMCDLLNLTPAPNNGTHGSLNHLLKNPVY
TPKHPKEVHPLVQCPFTRNPRDNLGCSCNPSILPIEDFQTQFNLTVAEEKIIKHETLPYG
RPRVLQKENTICLLSQHQFMSGYSQDILMPLWTSYTVDRNDSFSTEDFSNCLYQDFRIPL
SPVHKCSFYKNNTKVSYGFLSPPQLNKNSSGIYSEALLTTNIVPMYQSFQVIWRYFHDTL
LRKYAEERNGVNVVSGPVFDFDYDGRCDSLENLRQKRRVIRNQEILIPTHFFIVLTSCKD
TSQTPLHCENLDTLAFILPHRTDNSESCVHGKHDSSWVEELLMLHRARITDVEHITGLSF
YQQRKEPVSDILKLKTHLPTFSQED
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 925
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 104923.6
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 7.14
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • molecular transducer activity
  • nucleic acid binding
  • pattern binding
  • polysaccharide binding
  • receptor activity
  • scavenger receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
Process
  • immune response
  • immune system process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 6 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 6 Specific Function Involved primarily in ATP hydrolysis at the plasma membrane. Plays a role in regulating pyrophosphate levels, and functions in bone mineralization and soft tissue calcification. In vitro, has a broad specificity, hydrolyzing other nucleoside 5' triphosphates such as GTP, CTP, TTP and UTP to their corresponding monophosphates with release of pyrophosphate and diadenosine polyphosphates, and also 3',5'-cAMP to AMP. May also be involved in the regulation of the availability of nucleotide sugars in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, and the regulation of purinergic signaling. Appears to modulate insulin sensitivity
Enzyme 6 Pathways
Enzyme 6 Reactions
  • a dinucleotide + H2O = 2 mononucleotides [RN:R00056]
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • 77-97
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein 170650661 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P22413 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ENPP1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence >2778 bp
ATGGAGCGCGACGGCTGCGCGGGGGGCGGGAGCCGCGGCGGCGAGGGCGGGCGCGCTCCC
CGGGAGGGCCCGGCGGGGAACGGCCGCGATCGGGGCCGCAGCCACGCTGCCGAGGCGCCC
GGGGACCCGCAGGCGGCCGCGTCCTTGCTGGCCCCTATGGACGTGGGGGAGGAGCCGCTG
GAGAAGGCGGCGCGCGCCCGCACTGCCAAGGACCCCAACACCTATAAAGTACTCTCGCTG
GTATTGTCAGTATGTGTGTTAACAACAATACTTGGTTGTATATTTGGGTTGAAACCAAGC
TGTGCCAAAGAAGTTAAAAGTTGCAAAGGTCGCTGTTTCGAGAGAACATTTGGGAACTGT
CGCTGTGATGCTGCCTGTGTTGAGCTTGGAAACTGCTGTTTAGATTACCAGGAGACGTGC
ATAGAACCAGAACATATATGGACTTGCAACAAATTCAGGTGTGGTGAGAAAAGGTTGACC
AGAAGCCTCTGTGCCTGTTCAGATGACTGCAAGGACAAGGGCGACTGCTGCATCAACTAC
AGTTCTGTGTGTCAAGGTGAGAAAAGTTGGGTAGAAGAACCATGTGAGAGCATTAATGAG
CCACAGTGCCCAGCAGGGTTTGAAACGCCTCCTACCCTCTTATTTTCTTTGGATGGATTC
AGGGCAGAATATTTACACACTTGGGGTGGACTTCTTCCTGTTATTAGCAAACTAAAAAAA
TGTGGAACATATACTAAAAACATGAGACCGGTATATCCAACAAAAACTTTCCCCAATCAC
TACAGCATTGTCACCGGATTGTATCCAGAATCTCATGGCATAATCGACAATAAAATGTAT
GATCCCAAAATGAATGCTTCCTTTTCACTTAAAAGTAAAGAGAAATTTAATCCTGAGTGG
TACAAAGGAGAACCAATTTGGGTCACAGCTAAGTATCAAGGCCTCAAGTCTGGCACATTT
TTCTGGCCAGGATCAGATGTGGAAATTAACGGAATTTTCCCAGACATCTATAAAATGTAT
AATGGTTCAGTACCATTTGAAGAAAGGATTTTAGCTGTTCTTCAGTGGCTACAGCTTCCT
AAAGATGAAAGACCACACTTTTACACTCTGTATTTAGAAGAACCAGATTCTTCAGGTCAT
TCATATGGACCAGTCAGCAGTGAAGTCATCAAAGCCTTGCAGAGGGTTGATGGTATGGTT
GGTATGCTGATGGATGGTCTGAAAGAGCTGAACTTGCACAGATGCCTGAACCTCATCCTT
ATTTCAGATCATGGCATGGAACAAGGCAGTTGTAAGAAATACATATATCTGAATAAATAT
TTGGGGGATGTTAAAAATATTAAAGTTATCTATGGACCTGCAGCTCGATTGAGACCCTCT
GATGTCCCAGATAAATACTATTCATTTAACTATGAAGGCATTGCCCGAAATCTTTCTTGC
CGGGAACCAAACCAGCACTTCAAACCTTACCTGAAACATTTCTTACCTAAGCGTTTGCAC
TTTGCTAAGAGTGATAGAATTGAGCCCTTGACATTCTATTTGGACCCTCAGTGGCAACTT
GCATTGAATCCCTCAGAAAGGAAATATTGTGGAAGTGGATTTCATGGCTCTGACAATGTA
TTTTCAAATATGCAAGCCCTCTTTGTTGGCTATGGACCTGGATTCAAGCATGGCATTGAG
GCTGACACCTTTGAAAACATTGAAGTCTATAACTTAATGTGTGATTTACTGAATTTGACA
CCGGCTCCTAATAACGGAACTCATGGAAGTCTTAACCACCTTCTAAAGAATCCTGTTTAT
ACGCCAAAGCATCCCAAAGAAGTGCACCCCCTGGTACAGTGCCCCTTCACAAGAAACCCC
AGAGATAACCTTGGCTGCTCATGTAACCCTTCGATTTTGCCGATTGAGGATTTTCAAACA
CAGTTCAATCTGACTGTGGCAGAAGAGAAGATTATTAAGCATGAAACTTTACCCTATGGA
AGACCTAGAGTTCTCCAGAAGGAAAACACCATCTGTCTTCTTTCCCAGCACCAGTTTATG
AGTGGATACAGCCAAGACATCTTAATGCCCCTTTGGACATCCTATACCGTGGACAGAAAT
GACAGTTTCTCTACGGAAGACTTCTCCAACTGTCTGTACCAGGACTTTAGAATTCCTCTT
AGTCCTGTCCATAAATGTTCATTTTATAAAAATAACACCAAAGTGAGTTACGGGTTCCTC
TCCCCACCACAACTAAATAAAAATTCAAGTGGAATATATTCTGAAGCTTTGCTTACTACA
AATATAGTGCCAATGTACCAGAGTTTTCAAGTTATATGGCGCTACTTTCATGACACCCTA
CTGCGAAAGTATGCTGAAGAAAGAAATGGTGTCAATGTCGTCAGTGGTCCTGTGTTTGAC
TTTGATTATGATGGACGTTGTGATTCCTTAGAGAATCTGAGGCAAAAAAGAAGAGTCATC
CGTAACCAAGAAATTTTGATTCCAACTCACTTCTTTATTGTGCTAACAAGCTGTAAAGAT
ACATCTCAGACGCCTTTGCACTGTGAAAACCTAGACACCTTAGCTTTCATTTTGCCTCAC
AGGACTGATAACAGCGAGAGCTGTGTGCATGGGAAGCATGACTCCTCATGGGTTGAAGAA
TTGTTAATGTTACACAGAGCACGGATCACAGATGTTGAGCACATCACTGGACTCAGCTTC
TATCAACAAAGAAAAGAGCCAGTTTCAGACATTTTAAAGTTGAAAACACATTTGCCAACC
TTTAGCCAAGAAGACTGA
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID NM_006208.2 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID ENPP1 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID ENPP1 Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:3356 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 6 Locus 6q22-q23
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References
  1. Buckley MF, Loveland KA, McKinstry WJ, Garson OM, Goding JW: Plasma cell membrane glycoprotein PC-1. cDNA cloning of the human molecule, amino acid sequence, and chromosomal location. J Biol Chem. 1990 Oct 15;265(29):17506-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Funakoshi I, Kato H, Horie K, Yano T, Hori Y, Kobayashi H, Inoue T, Suzuki H, Fukui S, Tsukahara M, et al.: Molecular cloning of cDNAs for human fibroblast nucleotide pyrophosphatase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1992 May 15;295(1):180-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Pizzuti A, Frittitta L, Argiolas A, Baratta R, Goldfine ID, Bozzali M, Ercolino T, Scarlato G, Iacoviello L, Vigneri R, Tassi V, Trischitta V: A polymorphism (K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance. Diabetes. 1999 Sep;48(9):1881-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Belli SI, Goding JW: Biochemical characterization of human PC-1, an enzyme possessing alkaline phosphodiesterase I and nucleotide pyrophosphatase activities. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Dec 1;226(2):433-43. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Belli SI, Mercuri FA, Sali A, Goding JW: Autophosphorylation of PC-1 (alkaline phosphodiesterase I/nucleotide pyrophosphatase) and analysis of the active site. Eur J Biochem. 1995 Mar 15;228(3):669-76. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Jin-Hua P, Goding JW, Nakamura H, Sano K: Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of PD-Ibeta (PDNP3), a new member of the human phosphodiesterase I genes. Genomics. 1997 Oct 15;45(2):412-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Bello V, Goding JW, Greengrass V, Sali A, Dubljevic V, Lenoir C, Trugnan G, Maurice M: Characterization of a di-leucine-based signal in the cytoplasmic tail of the nucleotide-pyrophosphatase NPP1 that mediates basolateral targeting but not endocytosis. Mol Biol Cell. 2001 Oct;12(10):3004-15. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Yano Y, Hayashi Y, Sano K, Nagano H, Nakaji M, Seo Y, Ninomiya T, Yoon S, Yokozaki H, Kasuga M: Expression and localization of ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase I-1 (E-NPP1/PC-1) and -3 (E-NPP3/CD203c/PD-Ibeta/B10/gp130(RB13-6)) in inflammatory and neoplastic bile duct diseases. Cancer Lett. 2004 Apr 30;207(2):139-47. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Wollscheid B, Bausch-Fluck D, Henderson C, O'Brien R, Bibel M, Schiess R, Aebersold R, Watts JD: Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins. Nat Biotechnol. 2009 Apr;27(4):378-86. Epub 2009 Apr 6. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Nakamura I, Ikegawa S, Okawa A, Okuda S, Koshizuka Y, Kawaguchi H, Nakamura K, Koyama T, Goto S, Toguchida J, Matsushita M, Ochi T, Takaoka K, Nakamura Y: Association of the human NPPS gene with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL). Hum Genet. 1999 Jun;104(6):492-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Rutsch F, Ruf N, Vaingankar S, Toliat MR, Suk A, Hohne W, Schauer G, Lehmann M, Roscioli T, Schnabel D, Epplen JT, Knisely A, Superti-Furga A, McGill J, Filippone M, Sinaiko AR, Vallance H, Hinrichs B, Smith W, Ferre M, Terkeltaub R, Nurnberg P: Mutations in ENPP1 are associated with 'idiopathic' infantile arterial calcification. Nat Genet. 2003 Aug;34(4):379-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Cheng KS, Chen MR, Ruf N, Lin SP, Rutsch F: Generalized arterial calcification of infancy: different clinical courses in two affected siblings. Am J Med Genet A. 2005 Jul 15;136(2):210-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Bacci S, Ludovico O, Prudente S, Zhang YY, Di Paola R, Mangiacotti D, Rauseo A, Nolan D, Duffy J, Fini G, Salvemini L, Amico C, Vigna C, Pellegrini F, Menzaghi C, Doria A, Trischitta V: The K121Q polymorphism of the ENPP1/PC-1 gene is associated with insulin resistance/atherogenic phenotypes, including earlier onset of type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction. Diabetes. 2005 Oct;54(10):3021-5. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 7 [top]
Enzyme 7 ID 5352
Enzyme 7 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial
Enzyme 7 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-49kD
  2. CI-49kD
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 49 kDa subunit
Enzyme 7 Gene Name NDUFS2
Enzyme 7 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial
MAALRALCGFRGVAAQVLRPGAGVRLPIQPSRGVRQWQPDVEWAQQFGGAVMYPSKETAH
WKPPPWNDVDPPKDTIVKNITLNFGPQHPAAHGVLRLVMELSGEMVRKCDPHIGLLHRGT
EKLIEYKTYLQALPYFDRLDYVSMMCNEQAYSLAVEKLLNIRPPPRAQWIRVLFGEITRL
LNHIMAVTTHALDLGAMTPFFWLFEEREKMFEFYERVSGARMHAAYIRPGGVHQDLPLGL
MDDIYQFSKNFSLRLDELEELLTNNRIWRNRTIDIGVVTAEEALNYGFSGVMLRGSGIQW
DLRKTQPYDVYDQVEFDVPVGSRGDCYDRYLCRVEEMRQSLRIIAQCLNKMPPGEIKVDD
AKVSPPKRAEMKTSMESLIHHFKLYTEGYQVPPGATYTAIEAPKGEFGVYLVSDGSSRPY
RCKIKAPGFAHLAGLDKMSKGHMLADVVAIIGTQDIVFGEVDR
Enzyme 7 Number of Residues 463
Enzyme 7 Molecular Weight 52545.3
Enzyme 7 Theoretical pI 7.61
Enzyme 7 GO Classification
Function
  • NAD or NADH binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cofactor binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
  • quinone binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 7 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Enzyme 7 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 7 Pathways
Enzyme 7 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor [RN:R00281]
Enzyme 7 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 7 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 7 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 7 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 7 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O75306 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUS2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 7 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Gene Sequence >1392 bp
ATGGCGGCGCTGAGGGCTTTGTGCGGCTTCCGGGGCGTCGCGGCCCAGGTGCTGCGGCCT
GGGGCTGGAGTCCGATTGCCGATTCAGCCCAGCAGAGGTGTTCGGCAGTGGCAGCCAGAT
GTGGAATGGGCACAGCAGTTTGGGGGAGCTGTTATGTACCCAAGCAAAGAAACAGCCCAC
TGGAAGCCTCCACCTTGGAATGATGTGGACCCTCCAAAGGACACAATTGTGAAGAACATT
ACCCTGAACTTTGGGCCCCAACACCCAGCAGCGCATGGTGTCCTGCGACTAGTGATGGAA
TTGAGTGGGGAGATGGTGCGGAAGTGTGATCCTCACATCGGGCTCCTGCACCGAGGCACT
GAGAAGCTCATTGAATACAAGACCTATCTTCAGGCCCTTCCATACTTTGACCGGCTAGAC
TATGTGTCCATGATGTGTAACGAACAGGCCTATTCTCTAGCTGTGGAGAAGTTGCTAAAC
ATCCGGCCTCCTCCTCGGGCACAGTGGATCCGAGTGCTGTTTGGAGAAATCACACGTTTG
TTGAACCACATCATGGCTGTGACCACACATGCCCTGGACCTTGGGGCCATGACCCCTTTC
TTCTGGCTGTTTGAAGAAAGGGAGAAGATGTTTGAGTTCTACGAGCGAGTGTCTGGAGCC
CGAATGCATGCTGCTTATATCCGGCCAGGAGGAGTGCACCAGGACCTACCCCTTGGGCTT
ATGGATGACATTTATCAGTTTTCTAAGAACTTCTCTCTTCGGCTTGATGAGTTGGAGGAG
TTGCTGACCAACAATAGGATCTGGCGAAATCGGACAATTGACATTGGGGTTGTAACAGCA
GAAGAAGCACTTAACTATGGTTTTAGTGGAGTGATGCTTCGGGGCTCAGGCATCCAGTGG
GACCTGCGGAAGACCCAGCCCTATGATGTTTACGACCAGGTTGAGTTTGATGTTCCTGTT
GGTTCTCGAGGGGACTGCTATGATAGGTACCTGTGCCGGGTGGAGGAGATGCGCCAGTCC
CTGAGAATTATCGCACAGTGTCTAAACAAGATGCCTCCTGGGGAGATCAAGGTTGATGAT
GCCAAAGTGTCTCCACCTAAGCGAGCAGAGATGAAGACTTCCATGGAGTCACTGATTCAT
CACTTTAAGTTGTATACTGAGGGCTACCAAGTTCCTCCAGGAGCCACATATACTGCCATT
GAGGCTCCCAAGGGAGAGTTTGGGGTGTACCTGGTGTCTGATGGCAGCAGCCGCCCTTAT
CGATGCAAGATCAAGGCTCCTGGTTTTGCCCATCTGGCTGGTTTGGACAAGATGTCTAAG
GGACACATGTTGGCAGATGTCGTTGCCATCATAGGTACCCAAGATATTGTATTTGGAGAA
GTAGATCGGTGA
Enzyme 7 GenBank Gene ID AF050640 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GeneCard ID NDUFS2 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GenAtlas ID NDUFS2 Link Image
Enzyme 7 HGNC ID HGNC:7708 Link Image
Enzyme 7 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 7 Locus 1q23
Enzyme 7 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 7 General References
  1. Loeffen J, van den Heuvel L, Smeets R, Triepels R, Sengers R, Trijbels F, Smeitink J: cDNA sequence and chromosomal localization of the remaining three human nuclear encoded iron sulphur protein (IP) subunits of complex I: the human IP fraction is completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Jun 29;247(3):751-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Procaccio V, de Sury R, Martinez P, Depetris D, Rabilloud T, Soularue P, Lunardi J, Issartel J: Mapping to 1q23 of the human gene (NDUFS2) encoding the 49-kDa subunit of the mitochondrial respiratory Complex I and immunodetection of the mature protein in mitochondria. Mamm Genome. 1998 Jun;9(6):482-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Saada A, Vogel RO, Hoefs SJ, van den Brand MA, Wessels HJ, Willems PH, Venselaar H, Shaag A, Barghuti F, Reish O, Shohat M, Huynen MA, Smeitink JA, van den Heuvel LP, Nijtmans LG: Mutations in NDUFAF3 (C3ORF60), encoding an NDUFAF4 (C6ORF66)-interacting complex I assembly protein, cause fatal neonatal mitochondrial disease. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Jun;84(6):718-27. Epub 2009 May 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Loeffen J, Elpeleg O, Smeitink J, Smeets R, Stockler-Ipsiroglu S, Mandel H, Sengers R, Trijbels F, van den Heuvel L: Mutations in the complex I NDUFS2 gene of patients with cardiomyopathy and encephalomyopathy. Ann Neurol. 2001 Feb;49(2):195-201. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 7 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 8 [top]
Enzyme 8 ID 5354
Enzyme 8 Name Peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase
Enzyme 8 Synonyms
  1. PSO
  2. L-pipecolate oxidase
  3. L-pipecolic acid oxidase
Enzyme 8 Gene Name PIPOX
Enzyme 8 Protein Sequence >Peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase
MAAQKDLWDAIVIGAGIQGCFTAYHLAKHRKRILLLEQFFLPHSRGSSHGQSRIIRKAYL
EDFYTRMMHECYQIWAQLEHEAGTQLHRQTGLLLLGMKENQELKTIQANLSRQRVEHQCL
SSEELKQRFPNIRLPRGEVGLLDNSGGVIYAYKALRALQDAIRQLGGIVRDGEKVVEINP
GLLVTVKTTSRSYQAKSLVITAGPWTNQLLRPLGIEMPLQTLRINVCYWREMVPGSYGVS
QAFPCFLWLGLCPHHIYGLPTGEYPGLMKVSYHHGNHADPEERDCPTARTDIGDVQILSS
FVRDHLPDLKPEPAVIESCMYTNTPDEQFILDRHPKYDNIVIGAGFSGHGFKLAPVVGKI
LYELSMKLTPSYDLAPFRISRFPSLGKAHL
Enzyme 8 Number of Residues 390
Enzyme 8 Molecular Weight 44065.5
Enzyme 8 Theoretical pI 8.54
Enzyme 8 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • sarcosine oxidase activity
Process
  • cellular aromatic compound metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • folic acid and derivative metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • tetrahydrofolate metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 8 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 8 Specific Function Metabolizes sarcosine, L-pipecolic acid and L-proline
Enzyme 8 Pathways
Enzyme 8 Reactions
  • L-pipecolate + O2 = 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2-carboxylate + H2O2 [RN:R02204]
Enzyme 8 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 8 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 8 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 8 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 8 GenBank ID Protein 7157903 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9P0Z9 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SOX_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 8 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 8 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 8 Gene Sequence >1173 bp
ATGGCGGCTCAGAAAGATCTCTGGGACGCCATTGTGATTGGGGCGGGGATCCAGGGCTGC
TTCACTGCATACCACCTCGCCAAACACAGGAAGAGGATCCTCCTGCTGGAGCAGTTCTTT
CTACCACACTCCCGAGGAAGCTCCCATGGACAAAGCCGGATAATCCGAAAGGCGTACCTG
GAAGACTTTTACACCCGGATGATGCATGAGTGCTATCAGATATGGGCCCAGCTGGAGCAC
GAGGCTGGAACCCAATTGCACAGGCAGACTGGATTACTGCTGCTGGGAATGAAAGAGAAT
CAAGAATTAAAGACAATCCAGGCCAATCTGTCGAGGCAGAGGGTAGAACACCAGTGTCTT
TCATCTGAGGAACTGAAGCAACGTTTCCCAAATATTCGGTTGCCCAGGGGAGAAGTGGGG
CTCTTGGACAATTCCGGAGGAGTTATCTATGCATATAAGGCCCTCAGAGCCCTGCAGGAT
GCAATTCGACAGCTAGGAGGCATAGTGCGTGACGGAGAGAAGGTGGTGGAGATAAACCCA
GGGCTACTGGTCACGGTGAAAACCACCTCCAGGAGCTACCAAGCTAAGAGCTTGGTCATC
ACAGCAGGTCCTTGGACCAACCAGCTCCTCCGTCCCCTGGGCATTGAGATGCCTCTCCAG
ACCCTGCGGATCAACGTGTGTTACTGGCGAGAGATGGTTCCTGGGAGCTATGGTGTGTCC
CAGGCCTTTCCGTGCTTCCTGTGGCTGGGCTTGTGTCCCCACCACATCTACGGACTGCCC
ACAGGAGAGTACCCAGGGCTGATGAAGGTCAGCTATCACCACGGCAACCACGCAGACCCT
GAGGAGCGGGACTGCCCCACAGCACGCACAGACATCGGAGACGTCCAGATCCTGAGCAGC
TTTGTCAGAGATCACTTACCTGATCTGAAGCCCGAGCCTGCTGTCATTGAGAGCTGCATG
TACACGAATACCCCTGATGAGCAGTTCATTCTCGATCGCCACCCAAAGTATGACAACATT
GTCATTGGTGCTGGATTCTCTGGGCACGGGTTCAAGCTGGCCCCTGTGGTGGGGAAGATC
CTGTATGAATTAAGCATGAAATTAACACCATCTTATGACTTGGCACCTTTTCGAATCAGC
CGTTTCCCAAGCCTGGCCAAAGCCCACCTGTGA
Enzyme 8 GenBank Gene ID AF134593 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GeneCard ID PIPOX Link Image
Enzyme 8 GenAtlas ID PIPOX Link Image
Enzyme 8 HGNC ID HGNC:17804 Link Image
Enzyme 8 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 8 Locus 17q11.2
Enzyme 8 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 8 General References
  1. IJlst L, de Kromme I, Oostheim W, Wanders RJ: Molecular cloning and expression of human L-pipecolate oxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 21;270(3):1101-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dodt G, Kim DG, Reimann SA, Reuber BE, McCabe K, Gould SJ, Mihalik SJ: L-Pipecolic acid oxidase, a human enzyme essential for the degradation of L-pipecolic acid, is most similar to the monomeric sarcosine oxidases. Biochem J. 2000 Feb 1;345 Pt 3:487-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 8 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 9 [top]
Enzyme 9 ID 5355
Enzyme 9 Name Peroxisomal N(1)-acetyl-spermine/spermidine oxidase
Enzyme 9 Synonyms
  1. Polyamine oxidase
Enzyme 9 Gene Name PAOX
Enzyme 9 Protein Sequence >Peroxisomal N(1)-acetyl-spermine/spermidine oxidase
MESTGSVGEAPGGPRVLVVGGGIAGLGAAQRLCGHSAFPHLRVLEATARAGGRIRSERCF
GGVVEVGAHWIHGPSRGNPVFQLAAEYGLLGEKELSQENQLVETGGHVGLPSVSYASSGT
SVSLQLVAEMATLFYGLIDQTREFLHAAETPVPSVGEYLKKEIGQHVARLCGHSAFPHLR
VLEATARAGGRIRSERCFGGVVEVGAHWIHGPSRGNPVFQLAAEYGLLGEKELSQENQLV
ETGGHVGLPSVSYASSGASVSLQLVAEMATLFYGLIDQTREFLHAAETPVPSVGEYLKKE
IGQHVAGWTEDEETRKLKLAVLNSFFNLECCVSGTHSMDLVALAPFGEYTVLPGLDCTFS
KGYQGLTNCMMAALPEDTVVFEKPVKTIHWNGSFQEAAFPGETFPVSVECEDGDRFPAHH
VIVTVPLGFLREHLDTFFDPPLPAEKAEAIRKIGFGTNNKIFLEFEEPFWEPDCQLIQLV
WEDTSPLEDAAPELQDAWFRKLIGFVVLPAFASVHVLCGFIAGLESEFMETLSDEEVLLC
LTQVLRRVTGNPRLPAPKSVLRSRWHSAPYTRGSYSYVAVGSTGGDLDLLAQPLPADGAG
AQLQILFAGEATHRTFYSTTHGALLSGWREADRLLSLWAPQVQQPRPRL
Enzyme 9 Number of Residues 649
Enzyme 9 Molecular Weight 70289.3
Enzyme 9 Theoretical pI 5.27
Enzyme 9 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 9 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 9 Specific Function Flavoenzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of N(1)- acetylspermine to spermidine and is thus involved in the polyamine back-conversion. Can also oxidize N(1)-acetylspermidine to putrescine. Substrate specificity:N(1)-acetylspermine = N(1)- acetylspermidine > N(1),N(12)-diacylspermine >> spermine. Does not oxidize spermidine. Plays an important role in the regulation of polyamine intracellular concentration and has the potential to act as a determinant of cellular sensitivity to the antitumor polyamine analogs
Enzyme 9 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 9 Reactions
  • (1) N1-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O = putrescine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 [RN:R09074]
  • (2) N1-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O = spermidine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 [RN:R03899]
Enzyme 9 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 9 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 9 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 9 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 9 GenBank ID Protein 45439842 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q6QHF9 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PAOX_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 9 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 9 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 9 Gene Sequence >1950 bp
ATGGAGTCGACCGGCAGCGTCGGGGAGGCCCCGGGCGGACCCCGGGTGCTGGTGGTGGGC
GGCGGCATCGCGGGGCTGGGCGCGGCGCAGAGGCTCTGCGGCCACTCCGCCTTCCCGCAC
CTACGGGTCCTGGAGGCCACGGCCCGTGCCGGGGGCCGCATCCGCTCGGAGCGCTGCTTC
GGTGGCGTGGTGGAGGTGGGCGCGCACTGGATCCATGGGCCCTCCCGGGGTAACCCCGTC
TTCCAGCTGGCTGCTGAGTACGGGCTGCTGGGGGAGAAGGAGCTGTCCCAGGAGAACCAG
CTGGTGGAGACCGGGGGTCACGTGGGCCTGCCCTCCGTGAGCTACGCCAGCTCCGGGACC
AGCGTGAGCCTCCAGCTGGTGGCGGAGATGGCGACTCTGTTCTACGGCCTGATAGACCAG
ACCCGGGAGTTCCTGCACGCTGCAGAGACCCCGGTGCCCAGCGTCGGGGAGTACCTCAAG
AAGGAGATTGGCCAGCACGTGGCGAGGCTCTGCGGCCACTCCGCCTTCCCACACCTGCGG
GTCCTGGAGGCCACGGCCCGCGCCGGGGGCCGCATCCGCTCGGAGCGCTGCTTCGGTGGC
GTGGTGGAGGTGGGCGCGCACTGGATCCATGGGCCCTCCCGGGGTAACCCCGTCTTCCAG
CTGGCTGCTGAGTACGGGCTGCTGGGGGAGAAGGAGCTGTCCCAGGAGAACCAGCTGGTG
GAGACCGGGGGTCACGTGGGCCTGCCCTCCGTGAGCTACGCCAGCTCCGGAGCCAGCGTG
AGCCTCCAGCTGGTGGCGGAGATGGCGACTCTGTTCTACGGCCTGATAGACCAGACCCGG
GAGTTCCTGCACGCTGCAGAGACCCCGGTGCCCAGCGTCGGGGAGTACCTCAAGAAGGAG
ATTGGCCAGCACGTGGCCGGCTGGACAGAGGATGAGGAGACCAGGAAGCTGAAGCTGGCC
GTCCTGAACTCCTTCTTCAACCTGGAATGCTGTGTGAGCGGCACCCACAGCATGGACCTG
GTGGCCCTGGCACCCTTTGGGGAGTATACCGTGCTGCCGGGGCTGGACTGCACCTTTTCT
AAGGGCTATCAAGGACTCACAAACTGCATGATGGCCGCCCTGCCGGAGGACACTGTAGTT
TTTGAGAAGCCTGTGAAGACCATCCACTGGAACGGGTCCTTCCAGGAGGCAGCCTTTCCC
GGGGAGACCTTTCCAGTGTCGGTAGAGTGTGAGGATGGAGACCGGTTCCCGGCGCACCAT
GTCATCGTCACCGTGCCCTTAGGTTTTCTTAGGGAACATTTGGACACCTTCTTTGACCCT
CCCCTGCCGGCTGAGAAGGCAGAAGCAATCAGGAAGATAGGCTTTGGGACCAACAACAAA
ATCTTCCTGGAGTTTGAGGAGCCCTTCTGGGAGCCAGACTGCCAGCTGATCCAGCTGGTG
TGGGAGGACACGTCGCCCCTGGAGGATGCTGCCCCTGAGCTACAGGACGCCTGGTTCCGG
AAGCTCATTGGCTTTGTGGTCCTGCCTGCCTTTGCGTCTGTCCACGTTCTCTGTGGGTTC
ATTGCCGGACTTGAGTCTGAGTTCATGGAGACTCTGTCGGATGAAGAAGTACTTCTGTGT
CTCACCCAAGTGCTCCGGAGAGTGACAGGAAACCCACGGCTCCCCGCGCCCAAGAGCGTC
CTGCGGTCTCGCTGGCACAGCGCCCCGTACACTAGGGGGTCCTACAGCTACGTGGCCGTG
GGCAGTACTGGGGGCGACCTGGACCTGCTGGCTCAGCCCCTCCCTGCAGACGGCGCCGGC
GCCCAGCTCCAGATCCTGTTTGCGGGGGAAGCCACACATCGCACGTTTTACTCCACGACG
CACGGGGCTCTGCTGTCGGGATGGAGGGAGGCCGACCGCCTCCTCAGTCTGTGGGCCCCG
CAGGTGCAGCAGCCCAGGCCGAGGCTCTAG
Enzyme 9 GenBank Gene ID AY541520 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GeneCard ID PAOX Link Image
Enzyme 9 GenAtlas ID PAOX Link Image
Enzyme 9 HGNC ID HGNC:20837 Link Image
Enzyme 9 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 9 Locus 10q26.3
Enzyme 9 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 9 General References
  1. Wu T, Yankovskaya V, McIntire WS: Cloning, sequencing, and heterologous expression of the murine peroxisomal flavoprotein, N1-acetylated polyamine oxidase. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 6;278(23):20514-25. Epub 2003 Mar 26. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Vujcic S, Liang P, Diegelman P, Kramer DL, Porter CW: Genomic identification and biochemical characterization of the mammalian polyamine oxidase involved in polyamine back-conversion. Biochem J. 2003 Feb 15;370(Pt 1):19-28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 9 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 10 [top]
Enzyme 10 ID 5356
Enzyme 10 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12
Enzyme 10 Synonyms
  1. 13 kDa differentiation-associated protein
  2. Complex I-B17.2
  3. CI-B17.2
  4. CIB17.2
  5. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B17.2
Enzyme 10 Gene Name NDUFA12
Enzyme 10 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12
MELVQVLKRGLQQITGHGGLRGYLRVFFRTNDAKVGTLVGEDKYGNKYYEDNKQFFGRHR
WVVYTTEMNGKNTFWDVDGSMVPPEWHRWLHSMTDDPPTTKPLTARKFIWTNHKFNVTGT
PEQYVPYSTTRKKIQEWIPPSTPYK
Enzyme 10 Number of Residues 145
Enzyme 10 Molecular Weight 17114.4
Enzyme 10 Theoretical pI 10.10
Enzyme 10 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • electron carrier activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
Enzyme 10 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 10 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 10 Pathways
Enzyme 10 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 10 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 10 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 10 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 10 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 10 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UI09 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUAC_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 10 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 10 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 10 Gene Sequence >438 bp
ATGGAGTTAGTGCAGGTCCTGAAACGCGGGCTGCAGCAGATCACCGGCCACGGCGGTCTC
CGAGGCTATCTACGGGTTTTTTTCAGGACAAATGATGCGAAGGTTGGTACATTAGTGGGG
GAAGACAAATATGGAAACAAATACTATGAAGACAACAAGCAATTTTTTGGCCGTCACCGA
TGGGTTGTATATACTACTGAAATGAATGGCAAAAACACATTCTGGGATGTGGATGGAAGC
ATGGTGCCTCCTGAATGGCATCGTTGGCTTCACAGTATGACTGATGATCCTCCAACAACA
AAACCACTTACTGCTCGTAAATTCATTTGGACGAACCATAAATTCAACGTGACTGGCACC
CCAGAACAATATGTACCTTATTCTACCACTAGAAAGAAGATTCAGGAGTGGATCCCACCT
TCAACACCTTACAAGTAA
Enzyme 10 GenBank Gene ID AF217092 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GeneCard ID NDUFA12 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GenAtlas ID NDUFA12 Link Image
Enzyme 10 HGNC ID HGNC:23987 Link Image
Enzyme 10 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 10 Locus 12q22
Enzyme 10 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 10 General References
  1. Triepels R, Smeitink J, Loeffen J, Smeets R, Trijbels F, van den Heuvel L: Characterization of the human complex I NDUFB7 and 17.2-kDa cDNAs and mutational analysis of 19 genes of the HP fraction in complex I-deficient-patients. Hum Genet. 2000 Apr;106(4):385-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 10 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 11 [top]
Enzyme 11 ID 5357
Enzyme 11 Name NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3
Enzyme 11 Synonyms
  1. B5R
  2. Cytochrome b5 reductase
  3. Diaphorase-1
  4. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3 membrane-bound form
  5. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3 soluble form
Enzyme 11 Gene Name CYB5R3
Enzyme 11 Protein Sequence >NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3
MGAQLSTLGHMVLFPVWFLYSLLMKLFQRSTPAITLESPDIKYPLRLIDREIISHDTRRF
RFALPSPQHILGLPVGQHIYLSARIDGNLVVRPYTPISSDDDKGFVDLVIKVYFKDTHPK
FPAGGKMSQYLESMQIGDTIEFRGPSGLLVYQGKGKFAIRPDKKSNPIIRTVKSVGMIAG
GTGITPMLQVIRAIMKDPDDHTVCHLLFANQTEKDILLRPELEELRNKHSARFKLWYTLD
RAPEAWDYGQGFVNEEMIRDHLPPPEEEPLVLMCGPPPMIQYACLPNLDHVGHPTERCFV
F
Enzyme 11 Number of Residues 301
Enzyme 11 Molecular Weight 34234.5
Enzyme 11 Theoretical pI 7.68
Enzyme 11 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 11 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 11 Specific Function Desaturation and elongation of fatty acids, cholesterol biosynthesis, drug metabolism, and, in erythrocyte, methemoglobin reduction
Enzyme 11 Pathways
Enzyme 11 Reactions
  • NADH + 2 ferricytochrome b5 = NAD+ + H+ + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 [RN:R00100]
Enzyme 11 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 11 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 11 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 11 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 11 GenBank ID Protein 1695155 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P00387 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NB5R3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 11 PDB ID 1UMK Link Image
Enzyme 11 PDB File Show
Enzyme 11 3D Structure
Enzyme 11 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 11 Gene Sequence >906 bp
ATGGGGGCCCAGCTCAGCACGTTGGGCCATATGGTGCTCTTCCCAGTCTGGTTCCTGTAC
AGTCTGCTCATGAAGCTGTTCCAGCGCTCCACGCCAGCCATCACCCTCGAGAGCCCGGAC
ATCAAGTACCCGCTGCGGCTCATCGACCGGGAGATCATCAGCCATGACACCCGGCGCTTC
CGCTTTGCCCTGCCGTCACCCCAGCACATCCTGGGCCTCCCTGTCGGCCAGCACATCTAC
CTCTCGGCTCGAATTGATGGAAACCTGGTCGTCCGGCCCTATACACCCATCTCCAGCGAT
GATGACAAGGGCTTCGTGGACCTGGTCATCAAGGTTTACTTCAAGGACACCCATCCCAAG
TTTCCCGCTGGAGGGAAGATGTCTCAGTACCTGGAGAGCATGCAGATTGGAGACACCATT
GAGTTCCGGGGCCCCAGTGGGCTGCTGGTCTACCAGGGCAAAGGGAAGTTCGCCATCCGA
CCTGACAAAAAGTCCAACCCTATCATCAGGACAGTGAAGTCTGTGGGCATGATCGCGGGA
GGGACAGGCATCACCCCGATGCTGCAGGTGATCCGCGCCATCATGAAGGACCCTGATGAC
CACACTGTGTGCCACCTGCTCTTTGCCAACCAGACCGAGAAGGACATCCTGCTGCGACCT
GAGCTGGAGGAACTCAGGAACAAACATTCTGCACGCTTCAAGCTCTGGTACACGCTGGAC
AGAGCCCCTGAAGCCTGGGACTACGGCCAGGGCTTCGTGAATGAGGAGATGATCCGGGAC
CACCTTCCACCCCCAGAGGAGGAGCCGCTGGTGCTGATGTGTGGCCCCCCACCCATGATC
CAGTACGCCTGCCTTCCCAACCTGGACCACGTGGGCCACCCCACGGAGCGCTGCTTCGTC
TTCTGA
Enzyme 11 GenBank Gene ID Y09501 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GeneCard ID CYB5R3 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GenAtlas ID CYB5R3 Link Image
Enzyme 11 HGNC ID HGNC:2873 Link Image
Enzyme 11 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 11 Locus 22q13.31-qter|22q13.2-q13.31
Enzyme 11 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 11 General References
  1. Tomatsu S, Kobayashi Y, Fukumaki Y, Yubisui T, Orii T, Sakaki Y: The organization and the complete nucleotide sequence of the human NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase gene. Gene. 1989 Aug 15;80(2):353-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Yubisui T, Naitoh Y, Zenno S, Tamura M, Takeshita M, Sakaki Y: Molecular cloning of cDNAs of human liver and placenta NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(11):3609-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Murakami K, Yubisui T, Takeshita M, Miyata T: The NH2-terminal structures of human and rat liver microsomal NADH-cytochrome b5 reductases. J Biochem. 1989 Feb;105(2):312-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Yubisui T, Miyata T, Iwanaga S, Tamura M, Takeshita M: Complete amino acid sequence of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase purified from human erythrocytes. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1986 Feb;99(2):407-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Yubisui T, Miyata T, Iwanaga S, Tamura M, Yoshida S, Takeshita M, Nakajima H: Amino acid sequence of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase of human erythrocytes. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1984 Aug;96(2):579-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Bulbarelli A, Valentini A, DeSilvestris M, Cappellini MD, Borgese N: An erythroid-specific transcript generates the soluble form of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase in humans. Blood. 1998 Jul 1;92(1):310-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Shirabe K, Yubisui T, Nishino T, Takeshita M: Role of cysteine residues in human NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase studied by site-directed mutagenesis. Cys-273 and Cys-283 are located close to the NADH-binding site but are not catalytically essential. J Biol Chem. 1991 Apr 25;266(12):7531-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Bando S, Takano T, Yubisui T, Shirabe K, Takeshita M, Nakagawa A: Structure of human erythrocyte NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Nov;60(Pt 11):1929-34. Epub 2004 Oct 20. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Yubisui T, Shirabe K, Takeshita M, Kobayashi Y, Fukumaki Y, Sakaki Y, Takano T: Structural role of serine 127 in the NADH-binding site of human NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jan 5;266(1):66-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Katsube T, Sakamoto N, Kobayashi Y, Seki R, Hirano M, Tanishima K, Tomoda A, Takazakura E, Yubisui T, Takeshita M, et al.: Exonic point mutations in NADH-cytochrome B5 reductase genes of homozygotes for hereditary methemoglobinemia, types I and III: putative mechanisms of tissue-dependent enzyme deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Apr;48(4):799-808. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Shirabe K, Yubisui T, Borgese N, Tang CY, Hultquist DE, Takeshita M: Enzymatic instability of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase as a cause of hereditary methemoglobinemia type I (red cell type). J Biol Chem. 1992 Oct 5;267(28):20416-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Shirabe K, Fujimoto Y, Yubisui T, Takeshita M: An in-frame deletion of codon 298 of the NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase gene results in hereditary methemoglobinemia type II (generalized type). A functional implication for the role of the COOH-terminal region of the enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 25;269(8):5952-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Vieira LM, Kaplan JC, Kahn A, Leroux A: Four new mutations in the NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase gene from patients with recessive congenital methemoglobinemia type II. Blood. 1995 Apr 15;85(8):2254-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Jenkins MM, Prchal JT: A high-frequency polymorphism of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase in African-Americans. Hum Genet. 1997 Feb;99(2):248-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Wu YS, Huang CH, Wan Y, Huang QJ, Zhu ZY: Identification of a novel point mutation (Leu72Pro) in the NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase gene of a patient with hereditary methaemoglobinaemia type I. Br J Haematol. 1998 Jul;102(2):575-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Higasa K, Manabe JI, Yubisui T, Sumimoto H, Pung-Amritt P, Tanphaichitr VS, Fukumaki Y: Molecular basis of hereditary methaemoglobinaemia, types I and II: two novel mutations in the NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase gene. Br J Haematol. 1998 Dec;103(4):922-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  22. Wang Y, Wu YS, Zheng PZ, Yang WX, Fang GA, Tang YC, Xie F, Lan FH, Zhu ZY: A novel mutation in the NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase gene of a Chinese patient with recessive congenital methemoglobinemia. Blood. 2000 May 15;95(10):3250-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  23. Huang C, Xie Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Ye Y, Zhu Z: [Arginine-glutamine replacement at residue 57 of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase in Chinese hereditary methemoglobinemia] Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 1997 Apr;18(4):200-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  24. Percy MJ, Gillespie MJ, Savage G, Hughes AE, McMullin MF, Lappin TR: Familial idiopathic methemoglobinemia revisited: original cases reveal 2 novel mutations in NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase. Blood. 2002 Nov 15;100(10):3447-9. Epub 2002 Jul 5. [PubMed Link Image]
  25. Percy MJ, Crowley LJ, Davis CA, McMullin MF, Savage G, Hughes J, McMahon C, Quinn RJ, Smith O, Barber MJ, Lappin TR: Recessive congenital methaemoglobinaemia: functional characterization of the novel D239G mutation in the NADH-binding lobe of cytochrome b5 reductase. Br J Haematol. 2005 Jun;129(6):847-53. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 11 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 12 [top]
Enzyme 12 ID 5358
Enzyme 12 Name Aldehyde oxidase
Enzyme 12 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 12 Gene Name AOX1
Enzyme 12 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde oxidase
MDRASELLFYVNGRKVIEKNVDPETMLLPYLRKKLRLTGTKYGCGGGGCGACTVMISRYN
PITKRIRHHPANACLIPICSLYGAAVTTVEGIGSTHTRIHPVQERIAKCHGTQCGFCTPG
MVMSIYTLLRNHPEPTLDQLTDALGGNLCRCTGYRPIIDACKTFCKTSGCCQSKENGVCC
LDQGINGLPEFEEGSKTSPKLFAEEEFLPLDPTQELIFPPELMIMAEKQSQRTRVFGSER
MMWFSPVTLKELLEFKFKYPQAPVIMGNTSVGPEVKFKGVFHPVIISPDRIEELSVVNHA
YNGLTLGAGLSLAQVKDILADVVQKLPEEKTQMYHALLKHLGTLAGSQIRNMASLGGHII
SRHPDSDLNPILAVGNCTLNLLSKEGKRQIPLNEQFLSKCPNADLKPQEILVSVNIPYSR
KWEFVSAFRQAQRQENALAIVNSGMRVFFGEGDGIIRELCISYGGVGPATICAKNSCQKL
IGRHWNEQMLDIACRLILNEVSLLGSAPGGKVEFKRTLIISFLFKFYLEVSQILKKMDPV
HYPSLADKYESALEDLHSKHHCSTLKYQNIGPKQHPEDPIGHPIMHLSGVKHATGEAIYC
DDMPLVDQELFLTFVTSSRAHAKIVSIDLSEALSMPGVVDIMTAEHLSDVNSFCFFTEAE
KFLATDKVFCVGQLVCAVLADSEVQAKRAAKRVKIVYQDLEPLILTIEESIQHNSSFKPE
RKLEYGNVDEAFKVVDQILEGEIHMGGQEHFYMETQSMLVVPKGEDQEMDVYVSTQFPKY
IQDIVASTLKLPANKVMCHVRRVGGAFGGKVLKTGIIAAVTAFAANKHGRAVRCVLERGE
DMLITGGRHPYLGKYKAGFMNDGRILALDMEHYSNAGASLDESLFVIEMGLLKMDNAYKF
PNLRCRGWACRTNLPSNTAFRGFGFPQAALITESCITEVAAKCGLSPEKVRIINMYKEID
QTPYKQEINAKNLIQCWRECMAMSSYSLRKVAVEKFNAENYWKKKGLAMVPLKFPVGLGS
RAAGQAAALVHIYLDGSVLVTHGGIEMGQGVHTKMIQVVSRELRMPMSNVHLRGTSTETV
PNANISGGSVVADLNGLAVKDACQTLLKRLEPIISKNPKGTWKDWAQTAFDESINLSAVG
YFRGYESDMNWEKGEGQPFEYFVYGAACSEVEIDCLTGDHKNIRTDIVMDVGCSINPAID
IGQIEGAFIQGMGLYTIEELNYSPQGILHTRGPDQYKIPAICDMPTELHIALLPPSQNSN
TLYSSKGLGESGVFLGCSVFFAIHDAVSAARQERGLHGPLTLNSPLTPEKIRMACEDKFT
KMIPRDEPGSYVPWNVPI
Enzyme 12 Number of Residues 1338
Enzyme 12 Molecular Weight 147916.7
Enzyme 12 Theoretical pI 7.17
Enzyme 12 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NAD or NADH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 12 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 12 Specific Function An aldehyde + H(2)O + O(2) = a carboxylic acid + H(2)O(2)
Enzyme 12 Pathways
Enzyme 12 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + H2O2 [RN:R00635]
Enzyme 12 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 12 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 12 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 12 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 12 GenBank ID Protein 71773480 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q06278 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADO_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 12 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 12 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 12 Gene Sequence >4017 bp
ATGGACCGGGCGTCCGAGCTGCTCTTCTACGTGAACGGCCGCAAGGTGATAGAAAAAAAT
GTCGATCCTGAAACAATGCTGTTGCCTTATTTGAGGAAGAAGCTTCGACTCACAGGAACT
AAGTATGGCTGTGGAGGAGGAGGCTGTGGTGCTTGTACAGTGATGATATCACGATACAAC
CCCATCACCAAGAGGATAAGGCATCACCCAGCCAATGCCTGTCTGATTCCCATCTGTTCT
CTGTATGGTGCTGCCGTCACCACAGTAGAAGGCATAGGAAGCACCCACACCAGAATTCAT
CCTGTTCAGGAGAGGATTGCCAAGTGTCATGGCACCCAGTGTGGCTTCTGCACACCTGGG
ATGGTGATGTCCATCTACACGCTGCTCAGGAACCACCCAGAGCCCACTCTGGATCAGTTA
ACTGATGCCCTTGGTGGTAACCTGTGCCGTTGCACTGGATACAGGCCCATAATTGATGCA
TGCAAGACTTTCTGTAAAACTTCGGGCTGCTGTCAAAGTAAAGAAAATGGGGTTTGCTGT
TTGGATCAAGGAATCAATGGATTGCCAGAATTTGAGGAAGGAAGTAAGACAAGTCCAAAA
CTCTTCGCAGAAGAGGAGTTTCTGCCATTGGATCCAACCCAGGAACTGATATTTCCTCCT
GAGCTAATGATAATGGCTGAGAAACAGTCGCAAAGGACCAGGGTGTTTGGCAGTGAGAGA
ATGATGTGGTTTTCCCCCGTGACCCTGAAGGAACTGCTGGAATTTAAATTCAAGTATCCC
CAGGCTCCTGTTATCATGGGAAACACCTCTGTGGGGCCTGAAGTGAAATTTAAAGGCGTC
TTTCACCCAGTTATAATTTCTCCTGATAGAATTGAAGAACTGAGTGTTGTAAACCATGCA
TATAATGGACTCACCCTTGGTGCTGGTCTCAGCCTAGCCCAGGTGAAGGACATTTTGGCT
GATGTAGTCCAGAAGCTTCCAGAGGAGAAGACACAGATGTACCATGCTCTCCTGAAGCAT
TTGGGAACTCTGGCTGGGTCCCAGATCAGGAACATGGCTTCTTTAGGGGGACACATCATT
AGCAGGCATCCAGATTCAGATCTGAATCCCATCCTGGCTGTGGGTAACTGTACCCTCAAC
TTGCTATCAAAAGAAGGAAAACGACAGATTCCTTTAAATGAGCAATTCCTCAGCAAGTGC
CCTAATGCAGATCTTAAGCCTCAAGAAATCTTGGTCTCAGTGAACATCCCCTACTCAAGG
AAGTGGGAATTTGTGTCAGCCTTCCGACAAGCCCAGCGACAGGAGAATGCGCTAGCGATA
GTCAATTCAGGAATGAGAGTCTTTTTTGGAGAAGGGGATGGCATTATTAGAGAGTTATGC
ATCTCATATGGAGGCGTTGGTCCAGCCACCATCTGTGCCAAGAATTCCTGCCAGAAACTC
ATTGGAAGGCACTGGAACGAACAGATGCTGGATATAGCCTGCAGGCTTATTCTGAATGAA
GTCTCCCTTTTGGGCTCGGCGCCAGGTGGGAAAGTGGAGTTCAAGAGGACTCTCATCATC
AGCTTCCTCTTCAAGTTCTACCTGGAAGTGTCACAGATTTTGAAAAAGATGGATCCAGTT
CACTATCCTAGCCTTGCAGACAAGTATGAAAGTGCTTTAGAAGATCTTCATTCCAAACAT
CACTGCAGTACATTAAAGTACCAGAATATAGGCCCAAAGCAGCATCCTGAAGACCCAATT
GGCCACCCCATCATGCATCTGTCTGGTGTGAAGCATGCCACGGGGGAGGCCATCTACTGT
GATGACATGCCTCTGGTGGACCAGGAACTTTTCTTGACTTTTGTGACTAGTTCAAGAGCT
CATGCTAAGATTGTGTCTATTGATCTGTCAGAAGCTCTCAGCATGCCCGGTGTGGTGGAC
ATCATGACAGCAGAACATCTTAGTGACGTCAACTCCTTCTGCTTTTTTACTGAAGCTGAG
AAATTTCTGGCGACAGATAAGGTGTTCTGTGTGGGTCAGCTTGTCTGTGCTGTGCTTGCC
GATTCTGAGGTTCAGGCAAAGCGAGCTGCTAAGCGAGTGAAGATTGTCTATCAAGACTTG
GAGCCGCTGATACTAACAATTGAGGAAAGTATACAACACAACTCCTCCTTCAAGCCAGAA
AGGAAACTGGAATATGGAAATGTTGACGAAGCATTTAAAGTGGTTGATCAAATTCTTGAA
GGTGAAATACATATGGGAGGTCAAGAACATTTTTATATGGAAACCCAAAGCATGCTTGTC
GTTCCCAAGGGAGAGGATCAAGAAATGGATGTCTACGTGTCCACACAGTTTCCCAAATAT
ATACAGGACATTGTTGCCTCAACCTTGAAGCTCCCAGCTAACAAGGTCATGTGCCATGTA
AGGCGTGTTGGTGGAGCGTTTGGAGGGAAGGTGTTAAAAACCGGAATCATTGCAGCCGTC
ACTGCATTTGCCGCAAACAAACATGGCCGTGCAGTTCGCTGTGTTCTGGAACGAGGAGAA
GACATGTTAATAACTGGAGGCCGCCATCCTTACCTTGGAAAGTACAAAGCTGGATTCATG
AACGATGGCAGAATCTTGGCCCTGGACATGGAGCATTACAGCAATGCAGGCGCCTCCTTG
GATGAATCATTATTCGTGATAGAAATGGGACTTCTGAAAATGGACAATGCTTACAAGTTT
CCCAATCTCCGCTGCCGGGGTTGGGCATGCAGAACCAACCTTCCATCCAACACAGCTTTT
CGTGGGTTTGGCTTTCCTCAGGCAGCGCTGATCACCGAATCTTGTATCACGGAAGTTGCA
GCCAAATGTGGACTATCCCCTGAGAAGGTGCGAATCATAAACATGTACAAGGAAATTGAT
CAAACACCCTACAAACAAGAGATCAATGCCAAGAACCTAATCCAGTGTTGGAGAGAATGT
ATGGCCATGTCTTCCTACTCCTTGAGGAAAGTTGCTGTGGAAAAGTTCAATGCAGAGAAT
TATTGGAAGAAGAAAGGACTGGCCATGGTCCCCCTGAAGTTTCCTGTTGGCCTTGGCTCA
CGTGCTGCTGGTCAGGCTGCTGCCTTGGTTCACATTTATCTTGATGGCTCTGTGCTGGTC
ACTCACGGTGGAATTGAAATGGGGCAGGGGGTCCACACTAAAATGATTCAGGTGGTCAGC
CGTGAATTAAGAATGCCAATGTCGAATGTCCACCTGCGTGGAACAAGCACAGAAACTGTC
CCTAATGCAAATATCTCTGGAGGTTCTGTGGTGGCAGATCTCAACGGTTTGGCAGTAAAG
GATGCCTGTCAAACTCTTCTAAAACGCCTCGAACCCATCATCAGCAAGAATCCTAAAGGA
ACTTGGAAAGACTGGGCACAGACTGCTTTTGATGAAAGCATTAACCTTTCAGCTGTTGGA
TACTTCAGAGGTTATGAGTCAGACATGAACTGGGAGAAAGGCGAAGGCCAGCCCTTCGAA
TACTTTGTTTATGGAGCTGCCTGTTCCGAGGTTGAAATAGACTGCCTGACGGGGGATCAT
AAGAACATCAGAACAGACATTGTCATGGATGTTGGCTGCAGTATAAATCCAGCCATTGAC
ATAGGCCAGATTGAAGGTGCATTTATTCAAGGCATGGGACTTTATACAATAGAGGAACTG
AATTATTCTCCCCAGGGCATTCTGCACACTCGTGGTCCAGACCAATATAAAATCCCTGCC
ATCTGTGACATGCCCACGGAGTTGCACATTGCTTTGTTGCCTCCTTCTCAAAACTCAAAT
ACTCTTTATTCATCTAAGGGTCTGGGAGAGTCGGGGGTGTTCCTGGGGTGTTCCGTGTTT
TTCGCTATCCATGACGCAGTGAGTGCAGCACGACAGGAGAGAGGCCTGCATGGACCCTTG
ACCCTTAATAGTCCACTGACCCCGGAGAAGATTAGGATGGCCTGTGAAGACAAGTTCACA
AAAATGATTCCGAGAGATGAACCTGGATCCTACGTTCCTTGGAATGTACCCATCTGA
Enzyme 12 GenBank Gene ID NM_001159.3 Link Image
Enzyme 12 GeneCard ID AOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 12 GenAtlas ID AOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 12 HGNC ID HGNC:553 Link Image
Enzyme 12 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 12 Locus 2q33
Enzyme 12 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 12 General References
  1. Wright RM, Vaitaitis GM, Wilson CM, Repine TB, Terada LS, Repine JE: cDNA cloning, characterization, and tissue-specific expression of human xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 15;90(22):10690-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 12 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 13 [top]
Enzyme 13 ID 5359
Enzyme 13 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1
Enzyme 13 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-MWFE
  2. CI-MWFE
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase MWFE subunit
Enzyme 13 Gene Name NDUFA1
Enzyme 13 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1
MWFEILPGLSVMGVCLLIPGLATAYIHRFTNGGKEKRVAHFGYHWSLMERDRRISGVDRY
YVSKGLENID
Enzyme 13 Number of Residues 70
Enzyme 13 Molecular Weight 8072.3
Enzyme 13 Theoretical pI 9.12
Enzyme 13 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 13 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 13 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 13 Pathways
Enzyme 13 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 13 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 13 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 13 Transmembrane Regions
  • 1-21
Enzyme 13 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 13 GenBank ID Protein 12653011 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O15239 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUA1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 13 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 13 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 13 Gene Sequence >213 bp
ATGTGGTTCGAGATTCTCCCCGGACTCTCCGTCATGGGCGTGTGCTTGTTGATTCCAGGA
CTGGCTACTGCGTACATCCACAGGTTCACTAACGGGGGCAAGGAAAAAAGGGTTGCTCAT
TTTGGGTATCACTGGAGTCTGATGGAAAGAGATAGGCGCATCTCTGGAGTTGATCGTTAC
TATGTGTCAAAGGGTTTGGAGAACATTGATTAA
Enzyme 13 GenBank Gene ID BC000266 Link Image
Enzyme 13 GeneCard ID NDUFA1 Link Image
Enzyme 13 GenAtlas ID NDUFA1 Link Image
Enzyme 13 HGNC ID HGNC:7683 Link Image
Enzyme 13 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 13 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 13 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 13 General References
  1. Zhuchenko O, Wehnert M, Bailey J, Sun ZS, Lee CC: Isolation, mapping, and genomic structure of an X-linked gene for a subunit of human mitochondrial complex I. Genomics. 1996 Nov 1;37(3):281-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Frattini A, Faranda S, Bagnasco L, Patrosso C, Nulli P, Zucchi I, Vezzoni P: Identification of a new member (ZNF183) of the Ring finger gene family in Xq24-25. Gene. 1997 Jun 19;192(2):291-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Fernandez-Moreira D, Ugalde C, Smeets R, Rodenburg RJ, Lopez-Laso E, Ruiz-Falco ML, Briones P, Martin MA, Smeitink JA, Arenas J: X-linked NDUFA1 gene mutations associated with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. Ann Neurol. 2007 Jan;61(1):73-83. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 13 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 14 [top]
Enzyme 14 ID 5360
Enzyme 14 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2
Enzyme 14 Synonyms
  1. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase MLRQ subunit homolog
  2. NUOMS
Enzyme 14 Gene Name NDUFA4L2
Enzyme 14 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2
MAGASLGARFYRQIKRHPGIIPMIGLICLGMGSAALYLLRLALRSPDVCWDRKNNPEPWN
RLSPNDQYKFLAVSTDYKKLKKDRPDF
Enzyme 14 Number of Residues 87
Enzyme 14 Molecular Weight 9965.6
Enzyme 14 Theoretical pI 10.46
Enzyme 14 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 14 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 14 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 14 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 14 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 14 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 14 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 14 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 14 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 14 GenBank ID Protein 8895095 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NRX3 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NUA4L_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 14 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 14 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 14 Gene Sequence >264 bp
ATGGCAGGAGCCAGTCTTGGGGCCCGCTTCTACCGGCAGATCAAAAGACATCCGGGGATC
ATCCCGATGATCGGCTTAATCTGCCTGGGCATGGGCAGCGCTGCGCTTTACTTGCTGCGA
CTCGCCCTTCGCAGCCCCGACGTCTGCTGGGACAGAAAGAACAACCCGGAGCCCTGGAAC
CGCCTGAGCCCCAATGACCAATACAAGTTCCTTGCAGTTTCCACTGACTATAAGAAGCTG
AAGAAGGACCGGCCAGACTTCTAA
Enzyme 14 GenBank Gene ID AF164796 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GeneCard ID NDUFA4L2 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GenAtlas ID NDUFA4L2 Link Image
Enzyme 14 HGNC ID HGNC:29836 Link Image
Enzyme 14 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 14 Locus 12q13.3
Enzyme 14 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 14 General References
  1. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 14 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 15 [top]
Enzyme 15 ID 5361
Enzyme 15 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3
Enzyme 15 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B9
  2. CI-B9
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B9 subunit
Enzyme 15 Gene Name NDUFA3
Enzyme 15 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3
MAARVGAFLKNAWDKEPVLVVSFVVGGLAVILPPLSPYFKYSVMINKATPYNYPVPVRDD
GNMPDVPSHPQDPQGPSLEWLKKL
Enzyme 15 Number of Residues 84
Enzyme 15 Molecular Weight 9278.8
Enzyme 15 Theoretical pI 8.92
Enzyme 15 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 15 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 15 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 15 Pathways
Enzyme 15 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 15 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 15 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 15 Transmembrane Regions
  • 19-39
Enzyme 15 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 15 GenBank ID Protein 4164444 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95167 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUA3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 15 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 15 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 15 Gene Sequence >255 bp
ATGGCTGCGAGAGTCGGCGCCTTCCTCAAGAATGCCTGGGACAAGGAGCCAGTGCTGGTC
GTGTCCTTCGTCGTCGGGGGCCTCGCTGTAATTCTGCCCCCATTGAGCCCCTACTTCAAG
TACTCCGTCATGATCAACAAGGCCACGCCCTACAACTACCCAGTGCCCGTCCGTGATGAT
GGGAACATGCCCGACGTGCCCAGCCACCCCCAGGACCCTCAGGGCCCCAGCCTGGAGTGG
CTGAAGAAACTGTGA
Enzyme 15 GenBank Gene ID AF044955 Link Image
Enzyme 15 GeneCard ID NDUFA3 Link Image
Enzyme 15 GenAtlas ID NDUFA3 Link Image
Enzyme 15 HGNC ID HGNC:7686 Link Image
Enzyme 15 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 15 Locus 19q13.42
Enzyme 15 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 15 General References
  1. Loeffen JL, Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Schuelke M, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA: cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 18;253(2):415-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Genome Res. 2000 Oct;10(10):1546-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 15 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 16 [top]
Enzyme 16 ID 5363
Enzyme 16 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4
Enzyme 16 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-MLRQ
  2. CI-MLRQ
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase MLRQ subunit
Enzyme 16 Gene Name NDUFA4
Enzyme 16 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4
MLRQIIGQAKKHPSLIPLFVFIGTGATGATLYLLRLALFNPDVCWDRNNPEPWNKLGPND
QYKFYSVNVDYSKLKKERPDF
Enzyme 16 Number of Residues 81
Enzyme 16 Molecular Weight 9369.8
Enzyme 16 Theoretical pI 9.84
Enzyme 16 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 16 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 16 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed to be not involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 16 Pathways
Enzyme 16 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 16 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 16 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 16 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 16 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 16 GenBank ID Protein 6456749 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00483 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUA4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 16 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 16 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 16 Gene Sequence >246 bp
ATGCTCCGCCAGATCATCGGTCAGGCCAAGAAGCATCCGAGCTTGATCCCCCTCTTTGTA
TTTATTGGAACTGGAGCTACTGGAGCAACACTGTATCTCTTGCGTCTGGCATTGTTCAAT
CCAGATGTTTGTTGGGACAGAAATAACCCAGAGCCCTGGAACAAACTGGGTCCCAATGAT
CAATACAAGTTCTACTCAGTGAATGTGGATTACAGCAAGCTGAAGAAGGAACGTCCAGAT
TTCTAA
Enzyme 16 GenBank Gene ID AF201077 Link Image
Enzyme 16 GeneCard ID NDUFA4 Link Image
Enzyme 16 GenAtlas ID NDUFA4 Link Image
Enzyme 16 HGNC ID HGNC:7687 Link Image
Enzyme 16 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 16 Locus 7p21.3
Enzyme 16 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 16 General References
  1. Kim JW, Lee Y, Kang HB, Chose YK, Chung TW, Chang SY, Lee KS, Choe IS: Cloning of the human cDNA sequence encoding the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase MLRQ subunit. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1997 Oct;43(3):669-75. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, Osborne LR, Nakabayashi K, Herbrick JA, Carson AR, Parker-Katiraee L, Skaug J, Khaja R, Zhang J, Hudek AK, Li M, Haddad M, Duggan GE, Fernandez BA, Kanematsu E, Gentles S, Christopoulos CC, Choufani S, Kwasnicka D, Zheng XH, Lai Z, Nusskern D, Zhang Q, Gu Z, Lu F, Zeesman S, Nowaczyk MJ, Teshima I, Chitayat D, Shuman C, Weksberg R, Zackai EH, Grebe TA, Cox SR, Kirkpatrick SJ, Rahman N, Friedman JM, Heng HH, Pelicci PG, Lo-Coco F, Belloni E, Shaffer LG, Pober B, Morton CC, Gusella JF, Bruns GA, Korf BR, Quade BJ, Ligon AH, Ferguson H, Higgins AW, Leach NT, Herrick SR, Lemyre E, Farra CG, Kim HG, Summers AM, Gripp KW, Roberts W, Szatmari P, Winsor EJ, Grzeschik KH, Teebi A, Minassian BA, Kere J, Armengol L, Pujana MA, Estivill X, Wilson MD, Koop BF, Tosi S, Moore GE, Boright AP, Zlotorynski E, Kerem B, Kroisel PM, Petek E, Oscier DG, Mould SJ, Dohner H, Dohner K, Rommens JM, Vincent JB, Venter JC, Li PW, Mural RJ, Adams MD, Tsui LC: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. Science. 2003 May 2;300(5620):767-72. Epub 2003 Apr 10. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 16 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 17 [top]
Enzyme 17 ID 5364
Enzyme 17 Name NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4L
Enzyme 17 Synonyms
  1. NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L
Enzyme 17 Gene Name MT-ND4L
Enzyme 17 Protein Sequence >NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4L
MPLIYMNIMLAFTISLLGMLVYRSHLMSSLLCLEGMMLSLFIMATLMTLNTHSLLANIVP
IAMLVFAACEAAVGLALLVSISNTYGLDYVHNLNLLQC
Enzyme 17 Number of Residues 98
Enzyme 17 Molecular Weight 10741.0
Enzyme 17 Theoretical pI 6.20
Enzyme 17 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
  • cellular metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • respiratory electron transport chain
Component
Enzyme 17 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Enzyme 17 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 17 Pathways
Enzyme 17 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol [RN:R02163]
Enzyme 17 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 17 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 17 Transmembrane Regions
  • 1-21 29-49 58-78
Enzyme 17 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 17 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P03901 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NU4LM_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 17 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 17 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 17 Gene Sequence >297 bp
ATGCCCCTCATTTACATAAATATTATACTAGCATTTACCATCTCACTTCTAGGAATACTA
GTATATCGCTCACACCTCATATCCTCCCTACTATGCCTAGAAGGAATAATACTATCGCTG
TTCATTATAGCTACTCTCATAACCCTCAACACCCACTCCCTCTTAGCCAATATTGTGCCT
ATTGCCATACTAGTCTTTGCCGCCTGCGAAGCAGCGGTGGGCCTAGCCCTACTAGTCTCA
ATCTCCAACACATATGGCCTAGACTACGTACATAACCTAAACCTACTCCAATGCTAA
Enzyme 17 GenBank Gene ID J01415 Link Image
Enzyme 17 GeneCard ID MT-ND4L Link Image
Enzyme 17 GenAtlas ID MT-ND4L Link Image
Enzyme 17 HGNC ID HGNC:7460 Link Image
Enzyme 17 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 17 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 17 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 17 General References
  1. Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, de Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Drouin J, Eperon IC, Nierlich DP, Roe BA, Sanger F, Schreier PH, Smith AJ, Staden R, Young IG: Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature. 1981 Apr 9;290(5806):457-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Horai S, Hayasaka K, Kondo R, Tsugane K, Takahata N: Recent African origin of modern humans revealed by complete sequences of hominoid mitochondrial DNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 17;92(2):532-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Arnason U, Xu X, Gullberg A: Comparison between the complete mitochondrial DNA sequences of Homo and the common chimpanzee based on nonchimeric sequences. J Mol Evol. 1996 Feb;42(2):145-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Moilanen JS, Finnila S, Majamaa K: Lineage-specific selection in human mtDNA: lack of polymorphisms in a segment of MTND5 gene in haplogroup J. Mol Biol Evol. 2003 Dec;20(12):2132-42. Epub 2003 Aug 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ingman M, Kaessmann H, Paabo S, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans. Nature. 2000 Dec 7;408(6813):708-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Ingman M, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and evolutionary history of Australian and New Guinean aborigines. Genome Res. 2003 Jul;13(7):1600-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Coble MD, Just RS, O'Callaghan JE, Letmanyi IH, Peterson CT, Irwin JA, Parsons TJ: Single nucleotide polymorphisms over the entire mtDNA genome that increase the power of forensic testing in Caucasians. Int J Legal Med. 2004 Jun;118(3):137-46. Epub 2004 Feb 4. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Chomyn A, Mariottini P, Cleeter MW, Ragan CI, Matsuno-Yagi A, Hatefi Y, Doolittle RF, Attardi G: Six unidentified reading frames of human mitochondrial DNA encode components of the respiratory-chain NADH dehydrogenase. Nature. 1985 Apr 18-24;314(6012):592-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Marzuki S, Noer AS, Lertrit P, Thyagarajan D, Kapsa R, Utthanaphol P, Byrne E: Normal variants of human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: the building of a reference data base. Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;88(2):139-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Brown MD, Torroni A, Reckord CL, Wallace DC: Phylogenetic analysis of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy mitochondrial DNA's indicates multiple independent occurrences of the common mutations. Hum Mutat. 1995;6(4):311-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Polyak K, Li Y, Zhu H, Lengauer C, Willson JK, Markowitz SD, Trush MA, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B: Somatic mutations of the mitochondrial genome in human colorectal tumours. Nat Genet. 1998 Nov;20(3):291-3. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 17 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 18 [top]
Enzyme 18 ID 5365
Enzyme 18 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11
Enzyme 18 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B14.7
  2. CI-B14.7
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B14.7
Enzyme 18 Gene Name NDUFA11
Enzyme 18 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11
MAPKVFRQYWDIPDGTDCHRKAYSTTSIASVAGLTAAAYRVTLNPPGTFLEGVAKVGQYT
FTAAAVGAVFGLTTCISAHVREKPDDPLNYFLGGCAGGLTLGARTHNYGIGAAACVYFGI
AASLVKMGRLEGWEVFAKPKV
Enzyme 18 Number of Residues 141
Enzyme 18 Molecular Weight 14852.0
Enzyme 18 Theoretical pI 8.89
Enzyme 18 GO Classification
Function
  • protein transporter activity
  • substrate-specific transporter activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • establishment of localization
  • protein transport
  • transport
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
  • mitochondrial inner membrane
  • organelle inner membrane
  • organelle membrane
Enzyme 18 General Function Involved in protein transporter activity
Enzyme 18 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 18 Pathways
Enzyme 18 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 18 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 18 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 18 Transmembrane Regions
  • 21-43 58-80
Enzyme 18 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 18 GenBank ID Protein 28170654 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q86Y39 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUAB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 18 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 18 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 18 Gene Sequence >426 bp
ATGGCGCCGAAGGTTTTTCGTCAGTACTGGGATATCCCCGATGGCACCGATTGCCACCGC
AAAGCCTACAGCACCACCAGTATTGCCAGCGTCGCTGGCCTGACCGCCGCTGCCTACAGA
GTCACACTCAATCCTCCGGGCACCTTCCTTGAAGGAGTGGCTAAGGTTGGACAATACACG
TTCACTGCAGCTGCTGTCGGGGCCGTGTTTGGCCTCACCACCTGCATCAGCGCCCATGTC
CGCGAGAAGCCCGACGACCCCCTGAACTACTTCCTCGGTGGCTGCGCCGGAGGCCTGACT
CTGGGAGCACGCACGCACAACTACGGGATTGGCGCCGCCGCCTGCGTGTACTTTGGCATA
GCGGCCTCCCTGGTCAAGATGGGCCGGCTGGAGGGCTGGGAGGTGTTTGCAAAACCCAAG
GTGTGA
Enzyme 18 GenBank Gene ID AJ539081 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GeneCard ID NDUFA11 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GenAtlas ID NDUFA11 Link Image
Enzyme 18 HGNC ID HGNC:20371 Link Image
Enzyme 18 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 18 Locus 19p13.3
Enzyme 18 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 18 General References
  1. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Berger I, Hershkovitz E, Shaag A, Edvardson S, Saada A, Elpeleg O: Mitochondrial complex I deficiency caused by a deleterious NDUFA11 mutation. Ann Neurol. 2008 Mar;63(3):405-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 18 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 19 [top]
Enzyme 19 ID 5366
Enzyme 19 Name Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic
Enzyme 19 Synonyms
  1. TR
  2. Gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 12 protein
  3. GRIM-12
  4. Gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 12 protein
  5. KM-102-derived reductase-like factor
  6. Thioredoxin reductase TR1
Enzyme 19 Gene Name TXNRD1
Enzyme 19 Protein Sequence >Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic
MGCAEGKAVAAAAPTELQTKGKNGDGRRRSAKDHHPGKTLPENPAGFTSTATADSRALLQ
AYIDGHSVVIFSRSTCTRCTEVKKLFKSLCVPYFVLELDQTEDGRALEGTLSELAAETDL
PVVFVKQRKIGGHGPTLKAYQEGRLQKLLKMNGPEDLPKSYDYDLIIIGGGSGGLAAAKE
AAQYGKKVMVLDFVTPTPLGTRWGLGGTCVNVGCIPKKLMHQAALLGQALQDSRNYGWKV
EETVKHDWDRMIEAVQNHIGSLNWGYRVALREKKVVYENAYGQFIGPHRIKATNNKGKEK
IYSAERFLIATGERPRYLGIPGDKEYCISSDDLFSLPYCPGKTLVVGASYVALECAGFLA
GIGLDVTVMVRSILLRGFDQDMANKIGEHMEEHGIKFIRQFVPIKVEQIEAGTPGRLRVV
AQSTNSEEIIEGEYNTVMLAIGRDACTRKIGLETVGVKINEKTGKIPVTDEEQTNVPYIY
AIGDILEDKVELTPVAIQAGRLLAQRLYAGSTVKCDYENVPTTVFTPLEYGACGLSEEKA
VEKFGEENIEVYHSYFWPLEWTIPSRDNNKCYAKIICNTKDNERVVGFHVLGPNAGEVTQ
GFAAALKCGLTKKQLDSTIGIHPVCAEVFTTLSVTKRSGASILQAGCUG
Enzyme 19 Number of Residues 649
Enzyme 19 Molecular Weight 70905.6
Enzyme 19 Theoretical pI 7.42
Enzyme 19 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • antioxidant activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • disulfide oxidoreductase activity
  • electron carrier activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
  • protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity
Process
  • cell redox homeostasis
  • cellular homeostasis
  • cellular process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 19 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 19 Specific Function Isoform 1 may possess glutaredoxin activity as well as thioredoxin reductase activity and induces actin and tubulin polymerization, leading to formation of cell membrane protrusions. Isoform 4 enhances the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptors alpha and beta while isoform 5 enhances the transcriptional activity of the beta receptor only. Isoform 5 also mediates cell death induced by a combination of interferon-beta and retinoic acid
Enzyme 19 Pathways
Enzyme 19 Reactions
  • thioredoxin + NADP+ = thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH + H+ [RN:R02016]
Enzyme 19 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 19 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 19 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 19 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 19 GenBank ID Protein 148277071 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16881 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name TRXR1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 19 PDB ID 1H6V Link Image
Enzyme 19 PDB File Show
Enzyme 19 3D Structure
Enzyme 19 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 19 Gene Sequence >1950 bp
ATGGGCTGCGCCGAGGGCAAGGCAGTGGCGGCGGCCGCCCCAACGGAGCTGCAGACGAAA
GGCAAGAACGGCGATGGCCGCCGTAGGTCAGCTAAAGATCATCACCCTGGTAAAACTTTG
CCAGAGAACCCAGCAGGATTCACCAGCACGGCCACTGCAGACTCCAGAGCCCTGCTTCAG
GCCTATATAGATGGTCACTCTGTGGTCATCTTCAGTAGGTCCACATGCACACGCTGTACT
GAGGTAAAGAAGTTATTTAAATCTCTGTGTGTTCCTTATTTTGTGCTTGAACTTGATCAA
ACAGAGGACGGTCGGGCCCTGGAAGGAACGCTCTCGGAATTGGCCGCGGAAACCGATCTG
CCCGTTGTGTTTGTGAAACAGAGAAAGATAGGCGGCCATGGTCCAACCTTGAAGGCTTAT
CAGGAGGGCAGACTTCAAAAGCTACTAAAAATGAACGGCCCTGAAGATCTTCCCAAGTCC
TATGACTATGACCTTATCATCATTGGAGGTGGCTCAGGAGGTCTGGCAGCTGCTAAGGAG
GCAGCCCAATATGGCAAGAAGGTGATGGTCCTGGACTTTGTCACTCCCACCCCTCTTGGA
ACTAGATGGGGTCTCGGAGGAACATGTGTGAATGTGGGTTGCATACCTAAAAAACTGATG
CATCAAGCAGCTTTGTTAGGACAAGCCCTGCAAGACTCTCGAAATTATGGATGGAAAGTC
GAGGAGACAGTTAAGCATGATTGGGACAGAATGATAGAAGCTGTACAGAATCACATTGGC
TCTTTGAATTGGGGCTACCGAGTAGCTCTGCGGGAGAAAAAAGTCGTCTATGAGAATGCT
TATGGGCAATTTATTGGTCCTCACAGGATTAAGGCAACAAATAATAAAGGCAAAGAAAAA
ATTTATTCAGCAGAGAGATTTCTCATTGCCACTGGTGAAAGACCACGTTACTTGGGCATC
CCTGGTGACAAAGAATACTGCATCAGCAGTGATGATCTTTTCTCCTTGCCTTACTGCCCG
GGTAAGACCCTGGTTGTTGGAGCATCCTATGTCGCTTTGGAGTGCGCTGGATTTCTTGCT
GGTATTGGTTTAGACGTCACTGTTATGGTTAGGTCCATTCTTCTTAGAGGATTTGACCAG
GACATGGCCAACAAAATTGGTGAACACATGGAAGAACATGGCATCAAGTTTATAAGACAG
TTCGTACCAATTAAAGTTGAACAAATTGAAGCAGGGACACCAGGCCGACTCAGAGTAGTA
GCTCAGTCCACCAATAGTGAGGAAATCATTGAAGGAGAATATAATACGGTGATGCTGGCA
ATAGGAAGAGATGCTTGCACAAGAAAAATTGGCTTAGAAACCGTAGGGGTGAAGATAAAT
GAAAAGACTGGAAAAATACCTGTCACAGATGAAGAACAGACCAATGTGCCTTACATCTAT
GCCATTGGCGATATATTGGAGGATAAGGTGGAGCTCACCCCAGTTGCAATCCAGGCAGGA
AGATTGCTGGCTCAGAGGCTCTATGCAGGTTCCACTGTCAAGTGTGACTATGAAAATGTT
CCAACCACTGTATTTACTCCTTTGGAATATGGTGCTTGTGGCCTTTCTGAGGAGAAAGCT
GTGGAGAAGTTTGGGGAAGAAAATATTGAGGTTTACCATAGTTACTTTTGGCCATTGGAA
TGGACGATTCCGTCAAGAGATAACAACAAATGTTATGCAAAAATAATCTGTAATACTAAA
GACAATGAACGTGTTGTGGGCTTTCACGTACTGGGTCCAAATGCTGGAGAAGTTACACAA
GGCTTTGCAGCTGCGCTCAAATGTGGACTGACCAAAAAGCAGCTGGACAGCACAATTGGA
ATCCACCCTGTCTGTGCAGAGGTATTCACAACATTGTCTGTGACCAAGCGCTCTGGGGCA
AGCATCCTCCAGGCTGGCTGCTGAGGTTAA
Enzyme 19 GenBank Gene ID NM_001093771.1 Link Image
Enzyme 19 GeneCard ID TXNRD1 Link Image
Enzyme 19 GenAtlas ID TXNRD1 Link Image
Enzyme 19 HGNC ID HGNC:12437 Link Image
Enzyme 19 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 19 Locus 12q23-q24.1
Enzyme 19 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 19 General References
  1. Gasdaska PY, Gasdaska JR, Cochran S, Powis G: Cloning and sequencing of a human thioredoxin reductase. FEBS Lett. 1995 Oct 2;373(1):5-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Koishi R, Kawashima I, Yoshimura C, Sugawara M, Serizawa N: Cloning and characterization of a novel oxidoreductase KDRF from a human bone marrow-derived stromal cell line KM-102. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jan 24;272(4):2570-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hofmann ER, Boyanapalli M, Lindner DJ, Weihua X, Hassel BA, Jagus R, Gutierrez PL, Kalvakolanu DV: Thioredoxin reductase mediates cell death effects of the combination of beta interferon and retinoic acid. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Nov;18(11):6493-504. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Rundlof AK, Janard M, Miranda-Vizuete A, Arner ES: Evidence for intriguingly complex transcription of human thioredoxin reductase 1. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Mar 1;36(5):641-56. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gladyshev VN, Jeang KT, Stadtman TC: Selenocysteine, identified as the penultimate C-terminal residue in human T-cell thioredoxin reductase, corresponds to TGA in the human placental gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 11;93(12):6146-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Tamura T, Stadtman TC: A new selenoprotein from human lung adenocarcinoma cells: purification, properties, and thioredoxin reductase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Feb 6;93(3):1006-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Su D, Gladyshev VN: Alternative splicing involving the thioredoxin reductase module in mammals: a glutaredoxin-containing thioredoxin reductase 1. Biochemistry. 2004 Sep 28;43(38):12177-88. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Damdimopoulos AE, Miranda-Vizuete A, Treuter E, Gustafsson JA, Spyrou G: An alternative splicing variant of the selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase is a modulator of estrogen signaling. J Biol Chem. 2004 Sep 10;279(37):38721-9. Epub 2004 Jun 14. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Wong JJ, Pung YF, Sze NS, Chin KC: HERC5 is an IFN-induced HECT-type E3 protein ligase that mediates type I IFN-induced ISGylation of protein targets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 11;103(28):10735-40. Epub 2006 Jun 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Dammeyer P, Damdimopoulos AE, Nordman T, Jimenez A, Miranda-Vizuete A, Arner ES: Induction of cell membrane protrusions by the N-terminal glutaredoxin domain of a rare splice variant of human thioredoxin reductase 1. J Biol Chem. 2008 Feb 1;283(5):2814-21. Epub 2007 Nov 27. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Fritz-Wolf K, Urig S, Becker K: The structure of human thioredoxin reductase 1 provides insights into C-terminal rearrangements during catalysis. J Mol Biol. 2007 Jun 29;370(1):116-27. Epub 2007 Apr 24. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 19 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 20 [top]
Enzyme 20 ID 5367
Enzyme 20 Name Lathosterol oxidase
Enzyme 20 Synonyms
  1. C-5 sterol desaturase
  2. Delta(7)-sterol 5-desaturase
  3. Lathosterol 5-desaturase
  4. Sterol-C5-desaturase
Enzyme 20 Gene Name SC5DL
Enzyme 20 Protein Sequence >Lathosterol oxidase
MDLVLRVADYYFFTPYVYPATWPEDDIFRQAISLLIVTNVGAYILYFFCATLSYYFVFDH
ALMKHPQFLKNQVRREIKFTVQALPWISILTVALFLLEIRGYSKLHDDLGEFPYGLFELV
VSIISFLFFTDMFIYWIHRGLHHRLVYKRLHKPHHIWKIPTPFASHAFHPIDGFLQSLPY
HIYPFIFPLHKVVYLSLYILVNIWTISIHDGDFRVPQILQPFINGSAHHTDHHMFFDYNY
GQYFTLWDRIGGSFKNPSSFEGKGPLSYVKEMTEGKRSSHSGNGCKNEKLFNGEFTKTE
Enzyme 20 Number of Residues 299
Enzyme 20 Molecular Weight 35300.6
Enzyme 20 Theoretical pI 8.24
Enzyme 20 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • fatty acid biosynthetic process
  • fatty acid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
  • organic acid metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • oxoacid metabolic process
Component
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • organelle
Enzyme 20 General Function Involved in iron ion binding
Enzyme 20 Specific Function Catalyzes a dehydrogenation to introduce C5-6 double bond into lathosterol
Enzyme 20 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 20 Reactions
  • 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O [RN:R03310 R07215]
Enzyme 20 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 20 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 20 Transmembrane Regions
  • 32-52 79-99 117-137 186-206
Enzyme 20 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 20 GenBank ID Protein 3721882 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O75845 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SC5D_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 20 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 20 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 20 Gene Sequence >900 bp
ATGGATCTTGTACTCCGTGTTGCAGATTACTATTTTTTTACACCATACGTGTATCCAGCC
ACATGGCCAGAAGATGACATCTTCCGACAAGCTATTAGTCTTCTGATTGTAACAAATGTT
GGTGCTTACATCCTTTATTTCTTCTGTGCAACACTGAGCTATTATTTTGTCTTCGATCAT
GCATTAATGAAACATCCACAATTTTTAAAGAATCAAGTCCGTCGAGAGATTAAGTTTACT
GTCCAGGCATTGCCATGGATAAGTATTCTTACTGTTGCACTGTTCTTGCTGGAGATAAGA
GGTTACAGCAAATTACATGATGACCTAGGAGAGTTTCCATATGGATTGTTTGAACTTGTC
GTTAGTATAATATCTTTCCTCTTTTTCACTGACATGTTCATCTACTGGATTCACAGAGGC
CTTCATCATAGACTGGTATATAAGCGCCTACATAAACCTCACCATATTTGGAAGATTCCT
ACTCCATTTGCAAGTCATGCTTTTCACCCTATTGATGGCTTTCTTCAGAGTCTACCTTAC
CATATATACCCTTTTATCTTTCCATTACACAAGGTGGTTTATTTAAGTCTGTACATCTTG
GTTAATATCTGGACAATTTCCATTCATGACGGTGATTTTCGTGTCCCCCAAATCTTACAG
CCATTTATTAATGGCTCAGCTCATCATACAGACCACCATATGTTCTTTGACTATAATTAT
GGACAATATTTCACTTTGTGGGATAGGATTGGCGGCTCATTCAAAAATCCTTCATCCTTT
GAGGGGAAGGGACCGCTCAGTTATGTGAAGGAGATGACAGAGGGAAAGCGCAGCAGCCCT
TCAGGAAATGGCTGTAAGAATGAAAAATTATTCAATGGAGAGTTTACAAAGACTGAATAG
Enzyme 20 GenBank Gene ID AB016247 Link Image
Enzyme 20 GeneCard ID SC5DL Link Image
Enzyme 20 GenAtlas ID SC5DL Link Image
Enzyme 20 HGNC ID HGNC:10547 Link Image
Enzyme 20 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 20 Locus 11q23.3
Enzyme 20 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 20 General References
  1. Matsushima M, Inazawa J, Takahashi E, Suzumori K, Nakamura Y: Molecular cloning and mapping of a human cDNA (SC5DL) encoding a protein homologous to fungal sterol-C5-desaturase. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1996;74(4):252-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Husselstein T, Schaller H, Gachotte D, Benveniste P: Delta7-sterol-C5-desaturase: molecular characterization and functional expression of wild-type and mutant alleles. Plant Mol Biol. 1999 Mar;39(5):891-906. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Nishi S, Nishino H, Ishibashi T: cDNA cloning of the mammalian sterol C5-desaturase and the expression in yeast mutant. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Jan 31;1490(1-2):106-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Brunetti-Pierri N, Corso G, Rossi M, Ferrari P, Balli F, Rivasi F, Annunziata I, Ballabio A, Russo AD, Andria G, Parenti G: Lathosterolosis, a novel multiple-malformation/mental retardation syndrome due to deficiency of 3beta-hydroxysteroid-delta5-desaturase. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Oct;71(4):952-8. Epub 2002 Aug 20. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Krakowiak PA, Wassif CA, Kratz L, Cozma D, Kovarova M, Harris G, Grinberg A, Yang Y, Hunter AG, Tsokos M, Kelley RI, Porter FD: Lathosterolosis: an inborn error of human and murine cholesterol synthesis due to lathosterol 5-desaturase deficiency. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Jul 1;12(13):1631-41. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 20 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 21 [top]
Enzyme 21 ID 5369
Enzyme 21 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial
Enzyme 21 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-18 kDa
  2. CI-18 kDa
  3. Complex I-AQDQ
  4. CI-AQDQ
  5. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 18 kDa subunit
Enzyme 21 Gene Name NDUFS4
Enzyme 21 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial
MAAVSMSVVLRQTLWRRRAVAVAALSVSRVPTRSLRTSTWRLAQDQTQDTQLITVDEKLD
ITTLTGVPEEHIKTRKVRIFVPARNNMQSGVNNTKKWKMEFDTRERWENPLMGWASTADP
LSNMVLTFSTKEDAVSFAEKNGWSYDIEERKVPKPKSKSYGANFSWNKRTRVSTK
Enzyme 21 Number of Residues 175
Enzyme 21 Molecular Weight 20107.8
Enzyme 21 Theoretical pI 11.02
Enzyme 21 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
  • mitochondrial inner membrane
  • organelle inner membrane
  • organelle membrane
Enzyme 21 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Enzyme 21 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 21 Pathways
Enzyme 21 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 21 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 21 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 21 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 21 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 21 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O43181 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUS4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 21 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 21 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 21 Gene Sequence >528 bp
ATGGCGGCGGTCTCAATGTCAGTGGTACTGAGGCAGACGTTGTGGCGGAGAAGGGCAGTG
GCTGTAGCTGCCCTTTCCGTTTCCAGGGTTCCGACCAGGTCGTTGAGGACTTCCACATGG
AGATTGGCACAGGACCAGACTCAAGACACACAACTCATAACAGTTGATGAAAAATTGGAT
ATCACTACTTTAACTGGCGTTCCAGAAGAGCATATAAAAACTAGAAAAGTCAGGATCTTT
GTTCCTGCTCGCAATAACATGCAGTCTGGAGTAAACAACACAAAGAAATGGAAGATGGAG
TTTGATACCAGGGAGCGATGGGAAAATCCTTTGATGGGTTGGGCATCAACGGCTGATCCC
TTATCCAACATGGTTCTAACCTTCAGTACTAAAGAAGATGCAGTTTCCTTTGCAGAAAAA
AATGGATGGAGCTATGACATTGAAGAGAGGAAGGTTCCAAAACCCAAGTCCAAGTCTTAT
GGTGCAAACTTTTCTTGGAACAAAAGAACAAGAGTATCCACAAAATAG
Enzyme 21 GenBank Gene ID AF020351 Link Image
Enzyme 21 GeneCard ID NDUFS4 Link Image
Enzyme 21 GenAtlas ID NDUFS4 Link Image
Enzyme 21 HGNC ID HGNC:7711 Link Image
Enzyme 21 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 21 Locus 5q11.1
Enzyme 21 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 21 General References
  1. van den Heuvel L, Ruitenbeek W, Smeets R, Gelman-Kohan Z, Elpeleg O, Loeffen J, Trijbels F, Mariman E, de Bruijn D, Smeitink J: Demonstration of a new pathogenic mutation in human complex I deficiency: a 5-bp duplication in the nuclear gene encoding the 18-kD (AQDQ) subunit. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Feb;62(2):262-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Tao WA, Wollscheid B, O'Brien R, Eng JK, Li XJ, Bodenmiller B, Watts JD, Hood L, Aebersold R: Quantitative phosphoproteome analysis using a dendrimer conjugation chemistry and tandem mass spectrometry. Nat Methods. 2005 Aug;2(8):591-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 21 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 22 [top]
Enzyme 22 ID 5370
Enzyme 22 Name Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]
Enzyme 22 Synonyms
  1. NRH dehydrogenase [quinone] 2
  2. NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2
  3. Quinone reductase 2
  4. QR2
Enzyme 22 Gene Name NQO2
Enzyme 22 Protein Sequence >Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]
MAGKKVLIVYAHQEPKSFNGSLKNVAVDELSRQGCTVTVSDLYAMNFEPRATDKDITGTL
SNPEVFNYGVETHEAYKQRSLASDITDEQKKVREADLVIFQFPLYWFSVPAILKGWMDRV
LCQGFAFDIPGFYDSGLLQGKLALLSVTTGGTAEMYTKTGVNGDSRYFLWPLQHGTLHFC
GFKVLAPQISFAPEIASEEERKGMVAAWSQRLQTIWKEEPIPCTAHWHFGQ
Enzyme 22 Number of Residues 231
Enzyme 22 Molecular Weight 25952.4
Enzyme 22 Theoretical pI 6.24
Enzyme 22 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • coenzyme binding
  • cofactor binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 22 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 22 Specific Function The enzyme apparently serves as a quinone reductase in connection with conjugation reactions of hydroquinones involved in detoxification pathways as well as in biosynthetic processes such as the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in prothrombin synthesis
Enzyme 22 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 22 Reactions
  • 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamide + a quinone = 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide + a hydroquinone [RN:R07361]
Enzyme 22 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 22 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 22 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 22 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 22 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P16083 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NQO2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 22 PDB ID 1SG0 Link Image
Enzyme 22 PDB File Show
Enzyme 22 3D Structure
Enzyme 22 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 22 Gene Sequence >696 bp
ATGGCAGGTAAGAAAGTACTCATTGTCTATGCACACCAGGAACCCAAGTCTTTCAACGGA
TCCTTGAAGAATGTGGCTGTAGATGAACTGAGCAGGCAGGGCTGCACCGTCACAGTGTCT
GATTTGTATGCCATGAACTTTGAGCCGAGGGCCACAGACAAAGATATCACTGGTACTCTT
TCTAATCCTGAGGTTTTCAATTATGGAGTGGAAACCCACGAAGCCTACAAGCAAAGGTCT
CTGGCTAGCGACATCACTGATGAGCAGAAAAAGGTTCGGGAGGCTGACCTAGTGATATTT
CAGTTCCCGCTGTACTGGTTCAGCGTGCCGGCCATCCTGAAGGGCTGGATGGATAGGGTG
CTGTGCCAGGGCTTTGCCTTTGACATCCCAGGATTCTACGATTCCGGTTTGCTCCAGGGT
AAACTAGCGCTCCTTTCCGTAACCACGGGAGGCACGGCCGAGATGTACACGAAGACAGGA
GTCAATGGAGATTCTCGATACTTCCTGTGGCCACTCCAGCATGGCACATTACACTTCTGT
GGATTTAAAGTCCTTGCCCCTCAGATCAGCTTTGCTCCTGAAATTGCATCCGAAGAAGAA
AGAAAGGGGATGGTGGCTGCGTGGTCCCAGAGGCTGCAGACCATCTGGAAGGAAGAGCCC
ATCCCCTGCACAGCCCACTGGCACTTCGGGCAATAA
Enzyme 22 GenBank Gene ID J02888 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GeneCard ID NQO2 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GenAtlas ID NQO2 Link Image
Enzyme 22 HGNC ID HGNC:7856 Link Image
Enzyme 22 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 22 Locus 6pter-q12
Enzyme 22 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 22 General References
  1. Jaiswal AK, Burnett P, Adesnik M, McBride OW: Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of a human cDNA (NQO2) corresponding to a second member of the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase gene family. Extensive polymorphism at the NQO2 gene locus on chromosome 6. Biochemistry. 1990 Feb 20;29(7):1899-906. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Jaiswal AK: Human NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase2. Gene structure, activity, and tissue-specific expression. J Biol Chem. 1994 May 20;269(20):14502-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Wu K, Knox R, Sun XZ, Joseph P, Jaiswal AK, Zhang D, Deng PS, Chen S: Catalytic properties of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-2 (NQO2), a dihydronicotinamide riboside dependent oxidoreductase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Nov 15;347(2):221-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Zhao Q, Yang XL, Holtzclaw WD, Talalay P: Unexpected genetic and structural relationships of a long-forgotten flavoenzyme to NAD(P)H:quinone reductase (DT-diaphorase) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Mar 4;94(5):1669-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Kwiek JJ, Haystead TA, Rudolph J: Kinetic mechanism of quinone oxidoreductase 2 and its inhibition by the antimalarial quinolines. Biochemistry. 2004 Apr 20;43(15):4538-47. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Oppermann FS, Gnad F, Olsen JV, Hornberger R, Greff Z, Keri G, Mann M, Daub H: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1751-64. Epub 2009 Apr 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Foster CE, Bianchet MA, Talalay P, Zhao Q, Amzel LM: Crystal structure of human quinone reductase type 2, a metalloflavoprotein. Biochemistry. 1999 Aug 3;38(31):9881-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Buryanovskyy L, Fu Y, Boyd M, Ma Y, Hsieh TC, Wu JM, Zhang Z: Crystal structure of quinone reductase 2 in complex with resveratrol. Biochemistry. 2004 Sep 14;43(36):11417-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Fu Y, Buryanovskyy L, Zhang Z: Crystal structure of quinone reductase 2 in complex with cancer prodrug CB1954. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Oct 14;336(1):332-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Calamini B, Santarsiero BD, Boutin JA, Mesecar AD: Kinetic, thermodynamic and X-ray structural insights into the interaction of melatonin and analogues with quinone reductase 2. Biochem J. 2008 Jul 1;413(1):81-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Fu Y, Buryanovskyy L, Zhang Z: Quinone reductase 2 is a catechol quinone reductase. J Biol Chem. 2008 Aug 29;283(35):23829-35. Epub 2008 Jun 24. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Winger JA, Hantschel O, Superti-Furga G, Kuriyan J: The structure of the leukemia drug imatinib bound to human quinone reductase 2 (NQO2). BMC Struct Biol. 2009 Feb 24;9:7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 22 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 23 [top]
Enzyme 23 ID 5372
Enzyme 23 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial
Enzyme 23 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-30kD
  2. CI-30kD
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 30 kDa subunit
Enzyme 23 Gene Name NDUFS3
Enzyme 23 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial
MAAAAVARLWWRGILGASALTRGTGRPSVLLLPVRRESAGADTRPTVRPRNDVAHKQLSA
FGEYVAEILPKYVQQVQVSCFNELEVCIHPDGVIPVLTFLRDHTNAQFKSLVDLTAVDVP
TRQNRFEIVYNLLSLRFNSRIRVKTYTDELTPIESAVSVFKAANWYEREIWDMFGVFFAN
HPDLRRILTDYGFEGHPFRKDFPLSGYVELRYDDEVKRVVAEPVELAQEFRKFDLNSPWE
AFPVYRQPPESLKLEAGDKKPDAK
Enzyme 23 Number of Residues 264
Enzyme 23 Molecular Weight 30241.2
Enzyme 23 Theoretical pI 7.62
Enzyme 23 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 23 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Enzyme 23 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 23 Pathways
Enzyme 23 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor [RN:R00281]
Enzyme 23 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 23 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 23 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 23 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 23 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O75489 Link Image
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUS3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 23 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 23 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 23 Gene Sequence >795 bp
ATGGCGGCGGCGGCGGTAGCCAGGCTGTGGTGGCGCGGGATCTTGGGGGCCTCGGCGCTG
ACCAGGGGGACTGGGCGACCCTCCGTTCTGTTGCTGCCGGTGAGGCGGGAGAGCGCCGGG
GCCGACACGCGCCCCACTGTCAGACCACGGAATGATGTGGCCCACAAGCAGCTCTCAGCT
TTTGGAGAGTATGTGGCTGAAATCTTGCCCAAGTATGTCCAACAAGTTCAGGTGTCCTGC
TTCAATGAGTTAGAGGTCTGTATCCATCCTGATGGCGTCATCCCAGTGCTGACTTTCCTC
AGGGATCACACCAATGCACAGTTCAAATCTCTGGTTGACTTGACAGCAGTGGACGTCCCA
ACTCGGCAAAACCGTTTTGAGATTGTCTACAACCTGTTGTCTCTGCGCTTCAACTCACGG
ATCCGTGTGAAGACCTACACAGATGAGCTGACGCCCATTGAGTCTGCTGTCTCTGTGTTC
AAGGCAGCCAACTGGTATGAAAGGGAGATCTGGGACATGTTTGGAGTCTTCTTTGCTAAC
CACCCTGATCTAAGAAGGATCCTGACAGATTATGGCTTCGAGGGACATCCTTTCCGGAAA
GACTTTCCTCTATCTGGCTATGTTGAGTTACGTTATGATGATGAAGTGAAGCGGGTGGTG
GCAGAGCCGGTGGAGTTGGCCCAAGAGTTCCGCAAATTTGACCTGAACAGCCCCTGGGAG
GCTTTCCCAGTCTATCGCCAACCCCCGGAGAGTCTCAAGCTTGAAGCCGGAGACAAGAAG
CCTGATGCCAAGTAG
Enzyme 23 GenBank Gene ID AF067139 Link Image
Enzyme 23 GeneCard ID NDUFS3 Link Image
Enzyme 23 GenAtlas ID NDUFS3 Link Image
Enzyme 23 HGNC ID HGNC:7710 Link Image
Enzyme 23 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 23 Locus 11p11.11
Enzyme 23 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 23 General References
  1. Loeffen J, van den Heuvel L, Smeets R, Triepels R, Sengers R, Trijbels F, Smeitink J: cDNA sequence and chromosomal localization of the remaining three human nuclear encoded iron sulphur protein (IP) subunits of complex I: the human IP fraction is completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Jun 29;247(3):751-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Procaccio V, Lescuyer P, Bourges I, Beugnot R, Duborjal H, Depetris D, Mousson B, Montfort MF, Smeets H, De Coo R, Issartel JP: Human NDUFS3 gene coding for the 30-kDa subunit of mitochondrial complex I: genomic organization and expression. Mamm Genome. 2000 Sep;11(9):808-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Xu G, Shin SB, Jaffrey SR: Global profiling of protease cleavage sites by chemoselective labeling of protein N-termini. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Nov 17;106(46):19310-5. Epub 2009 Nov 5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Saada A, Vogel RO, Hoefs SJ, van den Brand MA, Wessels HJ, Willems PH, Venselaar H, Shaag A, Barghuti F, Reish O, Shohat M, Huynen MA, Smeitink JA, van den Heuvel LP, Nijtmans LG: Mutations in NDUFAF3 (C3ORF60), encoding an NDUFAF4 (C6ORF66)-interacting complex I assembly protein, cause fatal neonatal mitochondrial disease. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Jun;84(6):718-27. Epub 2009 May 21. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 23 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 24 [top]
Enzyme 24 ID 5373
Enzyme 24 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5
Enzyme 24 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-15 kDa
  2. CI-15 kDa
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 15 kDa subunit
Enzyme 24 Gene Name NDUFS5
Enzyme 24 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5
MPFLDIQKRFGLNIDRWLTIQSGEQPYKMAGRCHAFEKEWIECAHGIGYTRAEKECKIEY
DDFVECLLRQKTMRRAGTIRKQRDKLIKEGKYTPPPHHIGKGEPRP
Enzyme 24 Number of Residues 106
Enzyme 24 Molecular Weight 12517.4
Enzyme 24 Theoretical pI 9.54
Enzyme 24 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 24 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 24 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 24 Pathways
Enzyme 24 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 24 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 24 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 24 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 24 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 24 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O43920 Link Image
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUS5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 24 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 24 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 24 Gene Sequence >321 bp
ATGCCTTTCTTGGACATCCAGAAAAGGTTCGGCCTTAACATAGATCGATGGTTGACAATC
CAGAGTGGTGAACAGCCCTACAAGATGGCTGGTCGATGCCATGCTTTTGAAAAAGAATGG
ATAGAATGTGCACATGGAATCGGTTATACTCGGGCAGAGAAAGAGTGCAAGATAGAATAT
GATGATTTCGTAGAGTGTTTGCTTCGGCAGAAAACGATGAGACGTGCAGGTACCATCAGG
AAGCAGCGGGATAAGCTGATAAAGGAAGGAAAGTACACCCCTCCACCTCACCACATTGGC
AAGGGGGAGCCTCGGCCCTGA
Enzyme 24 GenBank Gene ID AF047434 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GeneCard ID NDUFS5 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GenAtlas ID NDUFS5 Link Image
Enzyme 24 HGNC ID HGNC:7712 Link Image
Enzyme 24 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 24 Locus 1p34.2-p33
Enzyme 24 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 24 General References
  1. Mao M, Fu G, Wu JS, Zhang QH, Zhou J, Kan LX, Huang QH, He KL, Gu BW, Han ZG, Shen Y, Gu J, Yu YP, Xu SH, Wang YX, Chen SJ, Chen Z: Identification of genes expressed in human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by expressed sequence tags and efficient full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jul 7;95(14):8175-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Loeffen J, Smeets R, Smeitink J, Triepels R, Sengers R, Trijbels F, van den Heuvel L: The human NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase NDUFS5 (15 kDa) subunit: cDNA cloning, chromosomal localization, tissue distribution and the absence of mutations in isolated complex I-deficient patients. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1999 Feb;22(1):19-28. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 24 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 25 [top]
Enzyme 25 ID 5374
Enzyme 25 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial
Enzyme 25 Synonyms
  1. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 24 kDa subunit
Enzyme 25 Gene Name NDUFV2
Enzyme 25 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial
MFFSAALRARAAGLTAHWGRHVRNLHKTVMQNGAGGALFVHRDTPENNPDTPFDFTPENY
KRIEAIVKNYPEGHKAAAVLPVLDLAQRQNGWLPISAMNKVAEVLQVPPMRVYEVATFYT
MYNRKPVGKYHIQVCTTTPCMLRNSDSILEAIQKKLGIKVGETTPDKLFTLIEVECLGAC
VNAPMVQINDNYYEDLTAKDIEEIIDELKAGKIPKPGPRSGRFSCEPAGGLTSLTEPPKG
PGFGVQAGL
Enzyme 25 Number of Residues 249
Enzyme 25 Molecular Weight 27391.4
Enzyme 25 Theoretical pI 8.21
Enzyme 25 GO Classification
Function
  • NAD or NADH binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 25 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 25 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 25 Pathways
Enzyme 25 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor [RN:R00281]
Enzyme 25 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 25 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 25 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 25 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 25 GenBank ID Protein 12804451 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P19404 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUV2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 25 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 25 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 25 Gene Sequence >750 bp
ATGTTCTTCTCCGCGGCGCTCCGGGCCCGGGCGGCTGGCCTCACCGCCCACTGGGGAAGA
CATGTAAGGAATTTGCATAAGACAGTTATGCAAAATGGAGCTGGAGGAGCTTTATTTGTG
CACAGAGATACTCCTGAGAATAACCCTGATACTCCATTTGATTTCACACCAGAAAACTAT
AAGAGGATAGAGGCAATTGTAAAAAACTATCCAGAAGGCCATAAAGCAGCAGCTGTTCTT
CCAGTCCTGGATTTAGCCCAAAGGCAGAATGGGTGGTTGCCCATCTCTGCTATGAACAAG
GTTGCAGAAGTTTTACAAGTACCTCCAATGAGAGTATATGAAGTAGCAACTTTTTATACA
ATGTATAATCGAAAGCCAGTTGGAAAGTATCACATTCAGGTCTGCACTACTACACCCTGC
ATGCTTCGAAACTCTGACAGCATACTGGAGGCCATTCAGAAAAAGCTTGGAATAAAGGTT
GGGGAGACTACACCTGACAAACTTTTCACTCTTATAGAAGTGGAATGTTTAGGGGCCTGT
GTGAACGCACCAATGGTTCAAATAAATGACAATTACTATGAGGATTTGACAGCTAAGGAT
ATTGAAGAAATTATTGATGAGCTCAAGGCTGGCAAAATCCCAAAACCAGGGCCAAGGAGT
GGACGCTTCTCTTGTGAGCCAGCTGGAGGTCTTACCTCTTTGACTGAACCACCCAAGGGA
CCTGGATTTGGTGTACAAGCAGGCCTTTAA
Enzyme 25 GenBank Gene ID BC001632 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GeneCard ID NDUFV2 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GenAtlas ID NDUFV2 Link Image
Enzyme 25 HGNC ID HGNC:7717 Link Image
Enzyme 25 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 25 Locus 18p11.22
Enzyme 25 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 25 General References
  1. Pilkington SJ, Walker JE: Mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase: complementary DNA sequences of import precursors of the bovine and human 24-kDa subunit. Biochemistry. 1989 Apr 18;28(8):3257-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 25 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 26 [top]
Enzyme 26 ID 5375
Enzyme 26 Name Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 5
Enzyme 26 Synonyms
  1. Dimethylaniline oxidase 5
  2. Hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase 5
  3. FMO 5
Enzyme 26 Gene Name FMO5
Enzyme 26 Protein Sequence >Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 5
MTKKRIAVIGGGVSGLSSIKCCVEEGLEPVCFERTDDIGGLWRFQENPEEGRASIYKSVI
INTSKEMMCFSDYPIPDHYPNFMHNAQVLEYFRMYAKEFDLLKYIRFKTTVCSVKKQPDF
ATSGQWEVVTESEGKKEMNVFDGVMVCTGHHTNAHLPLESFPGIEKFKGQYFHSRDYKNP
EGFTGKRVIIIGIGNSGGDLAVEISQTAKQVFLSTRRGAWILNRVGDYGYPADVLFSSRL
THFIWKICGQSLANKYLEKKINQRFDHEMFGLKPKHRALSQHPTLNDDLPNRIISGLVKV
KGNVKEFTETAAIFEDGSREDDIDAVIFATGYSFDFPFLEDSVKVVKNKISLYKKVFPPN
LERPTLAIIGLIQPLGAIMPISELQGRWATQVFKGLKTLPSQSEMMAEISKAQEEIDKRY
VESQRHTIQGDYIDTMEELADLVGVRPNLLSLAFTDPKLALHLLLGPCTPIHYRVQGPGK
WDGARKAILTTDDRIRKPLMTRVVERSSSMTSTMTIGKFMLALAFFAIIIAYF
Enzyme 26 Number of Residues 533
Enzyme 26 Molecular Weight 60220.0
Enzyme 26 Theoretical pI 8.36
Enzyme 26 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • intrinsic to organelle membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 26 General Function Involved in flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 26 Specific Function In contrast with other forms of FMO it does not seem to be a drug-metabolizing enzyme
Enzyme 26 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 26 Reactions
  • N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R03344]
Enzyme 26 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 26 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 26 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 26 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 26 GenBank ID Protein 189054435 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49326 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FMO5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 26 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 26 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 26 Gene Sequence >1602 bp
ATGACTAAGAAAAGAATTGCTGTGATTGGGGGAGGAGTGAGCGGGCTCTCTTCCATCAAG
TGCTGCGTAGAAGAAGGCTTGGAACCTGTCTGCTTTGAAAGGACTGATGACATCGGAGGG
CTCTGGAGGTTCCAGGAAAATCCTGAAGAAGGAAGGGCCAGTATTTACAAATCAGTGATC
ATCAATACTTCTAAAGAGATGATGTGCTTCAGTGACTATCCAATCCCAGATCATTATCCC
AACTTCATGCATAATGCCCAGGTCCTGGAGTATTTCAGGATGTATGCCAAAGAATTTGAC
CTTCTAAAGTATATTCGATTTAAGACCACTGTGTGCAGTGTGAAGAAGCAGCCTGATTTT
GCCACTTCAGGCCAATGGGAAGTGGTCACTGAATCTGAAGGGAAAAAGGAGATGAATGTC
TTTGATGGAGTCATGGTTTGCACTGGCCATCACACCAATGCTCATCTACCTCTGGAAAGC
TTCCCTGGAATTGAGAAGTTCAAAGGGCAGTACTTCCACAGTCGAGACTATAAGAACCCA
GAGGGATTCACTGGAAAGAGAGTCATTATAATTGGCATTGGGAATTCTGGAGGGGATCTG
GCTGTAGAGATTAGCCAAACAGCCAAGCAGGTTTTCCTCAGCACCAGGAGAGGGGCTTGG
ATCCTGAATCGTGTAGGGGACTACGGATATCCTGCTGATGTGTTGTTCTCTTCTCGACTT
ACACATTTTATATGGAAGATCTGTGGCCAATCATTAGCAAACAAATATTTGGAAAAAAAG
ATAAACCAAAGGTTTGACCATGAAATGTTTGGCCTGAAGCCTAAACACAGAGCTCTGAGT
CAGCATCCAACCTTAAATGATGACCTGCCAAATCGTATCATTTCTGGCTTGGTGAAAGTG
AAAGGAAATGTGAAGGAATTCACGGAGACAGCTGCCATATTTGAGGATGGCTCCAGGGAG
GATGACATTGATGCTGTTATCTTTGCCACAGGCTATAGCTTTGACTTTCCATTTCTGGAA
GATTCCGTCAAAGTGGTCAAAAACAAGATATCCCTGTATAAAAAGGTCTTCCCTCCTAAC
CTGGAAAGGCCAACTCTTGCAATCATAGGCTTGATTCAGCCCTTAGGAGCCATTATGCCC
ATTTCAGAGCTCCAAGGACGCTGGGCCACTCAGGTATTTAAAGGTCTAAAGACATTGCCC
TCACAGAGTGAAATGATGGCAGAAATATCTAAAGCTCAAGAGGAAATTGACAAAAGGTAT
GTGGAGAGCCAACGCCATACCATTCAGGGAGACTACATAGATACCATGGAAGAGCTTGCT
GATTTGGTGGGGGTCAGGCCCAATCTGCTGTCTCTGGCCTTCACTGACCCCAAGCTGGCA
TTACACTTATTACTGGGACCCTGCACTCCAATCCACTATCGTGTACAGGGCCCTGGAAAG
TGGGATGGGGCTCGAAAAGCTATCCTCACCACAGATGATCGCATCAGGAAGCCTCTGATG
ACAAGAGTAGTTGAAAGGAGTAGTTCTATGACTTCAACAATGACAATAGGCAAGTTTATG
CTAGCTCTTGCCTTCTTTGCTATAATTATAGCTTACTTCTAG
Enzyme 26 GenBank Gene ID AK314647 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GeneCard ID FMO5 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GenAtlas ID FMO5 Link Image
Enzyme 26 HGNC ID HGNC:3773 Link Image
Enzyme 26 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 26 Locus 1q21.1
Enzyme 26 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 26 General References
  1. Overby LH, Buckpitt AR, Lawton MP, Atta-Asafo-Adjei E, Schulze J, Philpot RM: Characterization of flavin-containing monooxygenase 5 (FMO5) cloned from human and guinea pig: evidence that the unique catalytic properties of FMO5 are not confined to the rabbit ortholog. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Feb 20;317(1):275-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Furnes B, Feng J, Sommer SS, Schlenk D: Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Feb;31(2):187-93. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 26 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 27 [top]
Enzyme 27 ID 5376
Enzyme 27 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial
Enzyme 27 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-42kD
  2. CI-42kD
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 42 kDa subunit
Enzyme 27 Gene Name NDUFA10
Enzyme 27 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial
MALRLLKLAATSASARVVAAGAQRVRGIHSSVQCKLRYGMWHFLLGDKASKRLTERSRVI
TVDGNICTGKGKLAKEIAEKLGFKHFPEAGIHYPDSTTGDGKPLATDYNGNCSLEKFYDD
PRSNDGNSYRLQSWLYSSRLLQYSDALEHLLTTGQGVVLERSIFSDFVFLEAMYNQGFIR
KQCVDHYNEVKSVTICDYLPPHLVIYIDVPVPEVQRRIQKKGDPHEMKITSAYLQDIENA
YKKTFLPEMSEKCEVLQYSAREAQDSKKVVEDIEYLKFDKGPWLKQDNRTLYHLRLLVQD
KFEVLNYTSIPIFLPEVTIGAHQTDRVLHQFRELPGRKYSPGYNTEVGDKWIWLK
Enzyme 27 Number of Residues 355
Enzyme 27 Molecular Weight 40750.3
Enzyme 27 Theoretical pI 8.68
Enzyme 27 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • adenyl ribonucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
  • cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 27 General Function Involved in ATP binding
Enzyme 27 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 27 Pathways
Enzyme 27 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 27 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 27 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 27 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 27 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 27 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95299 Link Image
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUAA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 27 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 27 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 27 Gene Sequence >1068 bp
ATGGCCTTGCGGCTCCTGAAGCTGGCAGCGACGTCCGCGTCCGCCCGGGTCGTGGCGGCG
GGCGCCCAGCGCGTGAGAGGAATTCATAGCAGTGTGCAGTGCAAGCTGCGCTATGGAATG
TGGCATTTCCTACTTGGGGATAAAGCAAGCAAAAGACTGACAGAACGCAGCAGAGTGATA
ACTGTAGATGGCAATATATGTACTGGAAAAGGCAAACTTGCAAAAGAAATAGCAGAGAAA
CTAGGCTTCAAGCACTTTCCTGAAGCGGGGATTCATTATCCAGACAGTACCACAGGAGAT
GGGAAGCCCCTCGCCACCGACTATAATGGCAACTGTAGTTTGGAGAAATTTTACGATGAT
CCGAGAAGCAATGATGGCAACAGTTACCGCCTGCAGTCCTGGTTGTACAGCAGTCGCCTG
CTGCAGTACTCAGATGCCTTGGAGCACTTGCTGACCACAGGACAAGGTGTTGTGTTGGAG
CGCTCCATCTTCAGTGACTTTGTGTTCCTGGAGGCGATGTACAACCAGGGATTCATCCGA
AAGCAGTGTGTGGACCACTACAACGAGGTGAAGAGCGTCACCATCTGCGATTACCTGCCC
CCCCACCTGGTGATTTACATCGATGTGCCCGTTCCAGAGGTCCAGAGGCGGATTCAGAAG
AAAGGAGATCCACATGAAATGAAGATCACCTCTGCCTATCTACAGGACATTGAGAATGCC
TATAAGAAAACCTTTCTCCCTGAGATGAGTGAAAAATGTGAGGTTTTACAGTATTCTGCA
AGGGAAGCTCAAGATTCAAAAAAGGTGGTAGAGGACATTGAATACCTGAAGTTCGATAAA
GGGCCGTGGCTCAAGCAGGACAATCGCACTTTATACCACCTGCGATTACTGGTTCAGGAT
AAGTTTGAGGTGCTGAATTACACAAGCATTCCTATCTTTCTCCCGGAAGTCACCATTGGA
GCTCATCAGACTGACCGTGTCTTACATCAGTTCAGAGAGCTGCCGGGCCGCAAGTACAGC
CCTGGGTACAACACCGAGGTGGGAGACAAGTGGATCTGGCTGAAGTGA
Enzyme 27 GenBank Gene ID AF087661 Link Image
Enzyme 27 GeneCard ID NDUFA10 Link Image
Enzyme 27 GenAtlas ID NDUFA10 Link Image
Enzyme 27 HGNC ID HGNC:7684 Link Image
Enzyme 27 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 27 Locus 2q37.3
Enzyme 27 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 27 General References
  1. Loeffen JL, Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Schuelke M, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA: cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 18;253(2):415-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 27 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 28 [top]
Enzyme 28 ID 5377
Enzyme 28 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6
Enzyme 28 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B14
  2. CI-B14
  3. LYR motif-containing protein 6
  4. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B14 subunit
Enzyme 28 Gene Name NDUFA6
Enzyme 28 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6
MGKDIRPRSARAACKGVGLWSGCFGKMAGSGVRQATSTASTFVKPIFSRDMNEAKRRVRE
LYRAWYREVPNTVHQFQLDITVKMGRDKVREMFMKNAHVTDPRVVDLLVIKGKIELEETI
KVWKQRTHVMRFFHETEAPRPKDFLSKFYVGHDP
Enzyme 28 Number of Residues 154
Enzyme 28 Molecular Weight 17870.7
Enzyme 28 Theoretical pI 10.82
Enzyme 28 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 28 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 28 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed to be not involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 28 Pathways
Enzyme 28 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 28 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 28 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 28 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 28 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 28 GenBank ID Protein 51317370 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P56556 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUA6_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 28 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 28 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 28 Gene Sequence >465 bp
ATGGGAAAAGACATTCGCCCGCGGTCCGCACGCGCTGCTTGCAAAGGGGTGGGGTTGTGG
AGTGGATGCTTTGGCAAGATGGCGGGGAGCGGCGTCCGCCAAGCTACTTCTACCGCCAGC
ACCTTCGTGAAGCCCATTTTCAGTCGGGACATGAACGAGGCCAAGCGGAGGGTGCGCGAG
CTCTACCGCGCCTGGTATCGGGAGGTGCCGAACACTGTGCACCAATTCCAGCTGGACATC
ACTGTGAAAATGGGACGGGATAAAGTCCGAGAAATGTTTATGAAGAATGCCCATGTCACA
GACCCCAGGGTGGTTGATCTTCTGGTCATTAAGGGAAAGATCGAACTGGAAGAAACAATT
AAAGTATGGAAGCAGCGGACACATGTTATGCGGTTCTTCCATGAAACAGAAGCGCCAAGG
CCAAAGGATTTCCTATCCAAGTTCTATGTTGGCCACGATCCATGA
Enzyme 28 GenBank Gene ID NM_002490.3 Link Image
Enzyme 28 GeneCard ID NDUFA6 Link Image
Enzyme 28 GenAtlas ID NDUFA6 Link Image
Enzyme 28 HGNC ID HGNC:7690 Link Image
Enzyme 28 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 28 Locus 22q13.2
Enzyme 28 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 28 General References
  1. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ton C, Hwang DM, Dempsey AA, Liew CC: Identification and primary structure of five human NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunits. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Dec 18;241(2):589-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 28 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 29 [top]
Enzyme 29 ID 5378
Enzyme 29 Name Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1
Enzyme 29 Synonyms
  1. AOX
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA oxidase
  3. Straight-chain acyl-CoA oxidase
  4. SCOX
Enzyme 29 Gene Name ACOX1
Enzyme 29 Protein Sequence >Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1
MNPDLRRERDSASFNPELLTHILDGSPEKTRRRREIENMILNDPDFQHEDLNFLTRSQRY
EVAVRKSAIMVKKMREFGIADPDEIMWFKKLHLVNFVEPVGLNYSMFIPTLLNQGTTAQK
EKWLLSSKGLQIIGTYAQTEMGHGTHLRGLETTATYDPETQEFILNSPTVTSIKWWPGGL
GKTSNHAIVLAQLITKGKCYGLHAFIVPIREIGTHKPLPGITVGDIGPKFGYDEIDNGYL
KMDNHRIPRENMLMKYAQVKPDGTYVKPLSNKLTYGTMVFVRSFLVGEAARALSKACTIA
IRYSAVRHQSEIKPGEPEPQILDFQTQQYKLFPLLATAYAFQFVGAYMKETYHRINEGIG
QGDLSELPELHALTAGLKAFTSWTANTGIEACRMACGGHGYSHCSGLPNIYVNFTPSCTF
EGENTVMMLQTARFLMKSYDQVHSGKLVCGMVSYLNDLPSQRIQPQQVAVWPTMVDINSP
ESLTEAYKLRAARLVEIAAKNLQKEVIHRKSKEVAWNLTSVDLVRASEAHCHYVVVKLFS
EKLLKIQDKAIQAVLRSLCLLYSLYGISQNAGDFLQGSIMTEPQITQVNQRVKELLTLIR
SDAVALVDAFDFQDVTLGSVLGRYDGNVYENLFEWAKNSPLNKAEVHESYKHLKSLQSKL
Enzyme 29 Number of Residues 660
Enzyme 29 Molecular Weight 74423.0
Enzyme 29 Theoretical pI 8.29
Enzyme 29 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • acyl-CoA oxidase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • fatty acid beta-oxidation
  • fatty acid catabolic process
  • fatty acid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
  • organic acid metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • oxoacid metabolic process
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • microbody
  • organelle
  • peroxisome
Enzyme 29 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 29 Specific Function Catalyzes the desaturation of very long chain acyl-CoAs to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs
Enzyme 29 Pathways
Enzyme 29 Reactions
  • acyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + H2O2 [RN:R00388]
Enzyme 29 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 29 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 29 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 29 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 29 GenBank ID Protein 14250616 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q15067 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACOX1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 29 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 29 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 29 Gene Sequence >1983 bp
ATGAACCCGGACCTGCGCAGGGAGCGGGATTCCGCCAGCTTCAACCCGGAGCTGCTTACA
CACATCCTGGACGGCAGCCCCGAGAAAACCCGGCGCCGCCGAGAGATCGAGAACATGATC
CTGAACGACCCAGACTTCCAGCATGAGGACTTGAACTTCCTCACTCGCAGCCAGCGTTAT
GAGGTGGCTGTCAGGAAAAGTGCCATCATGGTGAAGAAGATGAGGGAGTTTGGCATCGCT
GACCCTGATGAAATTATGTGGTTTAAAAATTTTGTGCACCGAGGGCGGCCTGAGCCTCTG
GATCTTCACTTGGGCATGTTCCTGCCCACCTTGCTTCACCAGGCAACTGCGGAGCAGCAG
GAGCGCTTCTTCATGCCCGCCTGGAACTTGGAGATCATTGGCACTTATGCCCAGACAGAG
ATGGGTCATGGAACTCACCTTCGAGGCTTGGAAACCACAGCCACGTATGACCCTGAAACC
CAGGAGTTCATTCTCAACAGTCCTACTGTGACCTCCATTAAATGGTGGCCTGGTGGGCTT
GGAAAGACTTCAAATCATGCAATAGTTCTTGCCCAGCTCATCACTAAGGGGAAATGCTAT
GGATTACATGCCTTTATCGTACCTATTCGTGAAATCGGGACCCATAAGCCTTTGCCAGGA
ATTACCGTTGGTGACATCGGCCCCAAATTTGGTTATGATGAGATAGACAATGGCTACCTC
AAAATGGACAACCATCGTATTCCCAGAGAAAACATGCTGATGAAGTATGCCCAGGTGAAG
CCTGATGGCACATACGTGAAACCGCTGAGTAACAAGCTGACTTACGGGACCATGGTGTTT
GTCAGGTCCTTCCTTGTGGGAGAAGCTGCTCGGGCTCTGTCTAAGGCGTGCACCATTGCC
ATCCGATACAGCGCTGTGAGGCACCAGTCTGAAATGAAGCCAGGTGAACCAGAACCACAG
ATTTTGGATTTTCAAACCCAGCAGTATAAACTCTTTCCACTCCTGGCCACTGCCTATGCC
TTCCAGTTTGTGGGCGCATACATGAAGGAGACCTATCACCGGATTAACGAAGGCATTGGT
CAAGGGGACCTGAGTGAACTGCCTGAGCTTCATGCCCTCACCGCTGGACTGAAGGCTTTC
ACCTCCTGGACTGCAAACACTGGCATTGAAGCATGTCGGATGGCTTGTGGTGGGCATGGC
TATTCTCATTGCAGTGGTCTTCCAAATATTTATGTCAATTTCACCCCAAGCTGTACCTTT
GAGGGAGAAAACACTGTCATGATGCTCCAGACGGCTAGGTTCCTGATGAAAAGTTATGAT
CAGGTGCACTCAGGAAAGTTGGTGTGTGGCATGGTGTCCTATTTGAACGACCTGCCCAGT
CAGCGCATCCAGCCACAGCAGGTAGCAGTCTGGCCAACCATGGTGGATATCAACAGCCCC
GAAAGCCTAACCGAAGCATATAAACTCCGTGCAGCCAGATTAGTAGAAATTGCTGCAAAA
AACCTTCAAAAAGAAGTGATTCACAGAAAAAGCAAGGAGGTAGCTTGGAACCTAACTTCT
GTTGACCTTGTTCGAGCAAGTGAGGCACATTGCCACTATGTGGTAGTTAAGCTCTTTTCA
GAAAAACTCCTCAAAATTCAAGATAAAGCCATTCAAGCTGTCTTAAGGAGTTTATGTCTG
CTGTATTCTCTGTATGGAATCAGTCAGAACGCGGGGGATTTCCTTCAGGGGAGCATCATG
ACAGAGCCTCAGATTACACAAGTAAACCAGCGTGTAAAGGAGTTACTCACTCTGATTCGC
TCAGATGCTGTTGCTTTGGTTGATGCATTTGATTTTCAGGATGTGACACTTGGCTCTGTG
CTTGGCCGCTATGATGGGAATGTGTATGAAAACTTGTTTGAGTGGGCTAAGAACTCCCCA
CTGAACAAAGCAGAGGTCCACGAATCTTACAAGCACCTGAAGTCACTGCAGTCCAAGCTC
TGA
Enzyme 29 GenBank Gene ID BC008767 Link Image
Enzyme 29 GeneCard ID ACOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 29 GenAtlas ID ACOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 29 HGNC ID HGNC:119 Link Image
Enzyme 29 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 29 Locus 17q24-q25|17q25.1
Enzyme 29 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 29 General References
  1. Varanasi U, Chu R, Chu S, Espinosa R, LeBeau MM, Reddy JK: Isolation of the human peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase gene: organization, promoter analysis, and chromosomal localization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 12;91(8):3107-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Chu R, Varanasi U, Chu S, Lin Y, Usuda N, Rao MS, Reddy JK: Overexpression and characterization of the human peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase in insect cells. J Biol Chem. 1995 Mar 3;270(9):4908-15. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Fournier B, Saudubray JM, Benichou B, Lyonnet S, Munnich A, Clevers H, Poll-The BT: Large deletion of the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase gene in pseudoneonatal adrenoleukodystrophy. J Clin Invest. 1994 Aug;94(2):526-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Aoyama T, Tsushima K, Souri M, Kamijo T, Suzuki Y, Shimozawa N, Orii T, Hashimoto T: Molecular cloning and functional expression of a human peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Feb 15;198(3):1113-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Suzuki Y, Iai M, Kamei A, Tanabe Y, Chida S, Yamaguchi S, Zhang Z, Takemoto Y, Shimozawa N, Kondo N: Peroxisomal acyl CoA oxidase deficiency. J Pediatr. 2002 Jan;140(1):128-30. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 29 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 30 [top]
Enzyme 30 ID 5379
Enzyme 30 Name D-aspartate oxidase
Enzyme 30 Synonyms
  1. DASOX
  2. DDO
Enzyme 30 Gene Name DDO
Enzyme 30 Protein Sequence >D-aspartate oxidase
MDTARIAVVGAGVVGLSTAVCISKLVPRCSVTIISDKFTPDTTSDVAAGMLIPHTYPDTP
IHTQKQWFRETFNHLFAIANSAEAGDAGVHLVSGWQIFQSTPTEEVPFWADVVLGFRKMT
EAELKKFPQYVFGQAFTTLKCECPAYLPWLEKRIKGSGGWTLTRRIEDLWELHPSFDIVV
NCSGLGSRQLAGDSKIFPVRGQVLQVQAPWVEHFIRDGSGLTYIYPGTSHVTLGGTRQKG
DWNLSPDAENSREILSRCCALEPSLHGACNIREKVGLRPYRPGVRLQTELLARDGQRLPV
VHHYGHGSGGISVHWGTALEAARLVSECVHALRTPIPKSNL
Enzyme 30 Number of Residues 341
Enzyme 30 Molecular Weight 37534.7
Enzyme 30 Theoretical pI 7.99
Enzyme 30 GO Classification
Function
  • D-amino-acid oxidase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 30 General Function Involved in D-amino-acid oxidase activity
Enzyme 30 Specific Function Selectively catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D- aspartate and its N-methylated derivative, N-methyl D-aspartate
Enzyme 30 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 30 Reactions
  • D-aspartate + H2O + O2 = oxaloacetate + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R00359]
Enzyme 30 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 30 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 30 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 30 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 30 GenBank ID Protein 40217815 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q99489 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name OXDD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 30 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 30 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 30 Gene Sequence >1110 bp
ATGAGACCAGCCAGGCACTGGGAAACAAGGTTTGGTGCCAGAGATTTTGGTGGCTTCCAA
GACTGCTTTTTCAGAGACAGGCTCATGGACACAGCACGGATTGCAGTTGTCGGGGCAGGT
GTGGTGGGGCTCTCCACGGCTGTGTGCATCTCCAAACTGGTGCCCCGATGCTCCGTTACC
ATCATTTCAGACAAGTTTACTCCAGATACCACCAGTGATGTGGCAGCCGGAATGCTTATT
CCTCACACTTATCCAGATACACCCATTCACACGCAGAAGCAGTGGTTCAGAGAAACCTTT
AATCACCTCTTTGCAATTGCCAATTCTGCAGAAGCTGGAGATGCTGGTGTTCATTTGGTA
TCAGGTTGGCAGATATTTCAGAGCACTCCGACTGAAGAAGTGCCATTCTGGGCTGACGTG
GTTCTGGGATTTCGAAAGATGACTGAGGCTGAGCTGAAGAAATTCCCCCAGTATGTGTTT
GGTCAGGCTTTTACAACCCTGAAATGTGAATGCCCTGCCTACCTCCCGTGGTTGGAGAAA
AGGATAAAGGGAAGTGGAGGCTGGACACTCACTCGGCGAATAGAAGACCTGTGGGAACTT
CATCCGTCCTTTGACATCGTGGTCAACTGTTCAGGCCTTGGAAGCAGACAGCTTGCAGGA
GACTCAAAGATTTTCCCTGTAAGGGGCCAAGTCCTCCAAGTTCAGGCTCCCTGGGTGGAG
CATTTTATCCGAGATGGCAGTGGGCTGACATATATTTATCCTGGTACATCCCATGTAACC
CTAGGTGGAACTAGGCAAAAAGGGGACTGGAATCTGTCCCCGGATGCAGAAAATAGCAGA
GAGATTCTTTCCCGATGCTGTGCTCTGGAGCCCTCCCTCCACGGAGCCTGCAACATCAGG
GAGAAGGTGGGCTTGAGGCCCTACAGGCCAGGCGTGCGACTGCAGACAGAGCTCCTTGCG
CGAGATGGACAGAGGCTGCCTGTAGTCCACCACTATGGCCATGGGAGTGGGGGCATCTCA
GTGCACTGGGGCACTGCTCTGGAGGCCGCCAGGCTGGTGAGCGAGTGTGTCCATGCCCTC
AGGACCCCCATTCCCAAGTCAAACCTGTAG
Enzyme 30 GenBank Gene ID NM_003649 Link Image
Enzyme 30 GeneCard ID DDO Link Image
Enzyme 30 GenAtlas ID DDO Link Image
Enzyme 30 HGNC ID HGNC:2727 Link Image
Enzyme 30 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 30 Locus 6q21
Enzyme 30 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 30 General References
  1. Setoyama C, Miura R: Structural and functional characterization of the human brain D-aspartate oxidase. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1997 Apr;121(4):798-803. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 30 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 31 [top]
Enzyme 31 ID 5381
Enzyme 31 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4
Enzyme 31 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B15
  2. CI-B15
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B15 subunit
Enzyme 31 Gene Name NDUFB4
Enzyme 31 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4
MSFPKYKPSSLRTLPETLDPAEYNISPETRRAQAERLAIRAQLKREYLLQYNDPNRRGLI
ENPALLRWAYARTINVYPNFRPTPKNSLMGALCGFGPLIFIYYIIKTERDRKEKLIQEGK
LDRTFHLSY
Enzyme 31 Number of Residues 129
Enzyme 31 Molecular Weight 15208.4
Enzyme 31 Theoretical pI 10.24
Enzyme 31 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • mitochondrion
  • organelle
Enzyme 31 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 31 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 31 Pathways
Enzyme 31 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 31 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 31 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 31 Transmembrane Regions
  • 88-105
Enzyme 31 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 31 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95168 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUB4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 31 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 31 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 31 Gene Sequence >390 bp
ATGTCGTTCCCAAAGTATAAGCCGTCGAGCCTGCGCACTCTGCCTGAGACCCTCGACCCA
GCCGAATACAACATATCTCCGGAAACCCGGCGGGCGCAAGCCGAGCGGTTGGCCATAAGA
GCCCAGCTGAAACGAGAGTACCTGCTTCAGTACAACGATCCCAACCGCCGAGGGCTCATC
GAAAATCCTGCCTTGCTTCGTTGGGCCTATGCAAGAACAATAAATGTCTATCCTAATTTC
AGACCCACTCCTAAAAACTCACTCATGGGAGCTCTGTGTGGATTTGGGCCCCTCATCTTC
ATTTATTATATTATCAAAACTGAGAGGGATAGGAAAGAAAAACTTATCCAGGAAGGAAAA
TTGGATCGAACATTTCACCTCTCATATTAA
Enzyme 31 GenBank Gene ID AF044957 Link Image
Enzyme 31 GeneCard ID NDUFB4 Link Image
Enzyme 31 GenAtlas ID NDUFB4 Link Image
Enzyme 31 HGNC ID HGNC:7699 Link Image
Enzyme 31 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 31 Locus 3q13.33
Enzyme 31 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 31 General References
  1. Loeffen JL, Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Schuelke M, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA: cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 18;253(2):415-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 31 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 32 [top]
Enzyme 32 ID 5382
Enzyme 32 Name Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial
Enzyme 32 Synonyms
  1. Flavoprotein subunit of complex II
  2. Fp
Enzyme 32 Gene Name SDHA
Enzyme 32 Protein Sequence >Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial
MSGVRGLSRLLSARRLALAKAWPTVLQTGTRGFHFTVDGNKRASAKVSDSISAQYPVVDH
EFDAVVVGAGGAGLRAAFGLSEAGFNTACVTKLFPTRSHTVAAQGGINAALGNMEEDNWR
WHFYDTVKGSDWLGDQDAIHYMTEQAPAAVVELENYGMPFSRTEDGKIYQRAFGGQSLKF
GKGGQAHRCCCVADRTGHSLLHTLYGRSLRYDTSYFVEYFALDLLMENGECRGVIALCIE
DGSIHRIRAKNTVVATGGYGRTYFSCTSAHTSTGDGTAMITRAGLPCQDLEFVQFHPTGI
YGAGCLITEGCRGEGGILINSQGERFMERYAPVAKDLASRDVVSRSMTLEIREGRGCGPE
KDHVYLQLHHLPPEQLATRLPGISETAMIFAGVDVTKEPIPVLPTVHYNMGGIPTNYKGQ
VLRHVNGQDQIVPGLYACGEAACASVHGANRLGANSLLDLVVFGRACALSIEESCRPGDK
VPPIKPNAGEESVMNLDKLRFADGSIRTSELRLSMQKSMQNHAAVFRVGSVLQEGCGKIS
KLYGDLKHLKTFDRGMVWNTDLVETLELQNLMLCALQTIYGAEARKESRGAHAREDYKVR
IDEYDYSKPIQGQQKKPFEEHWRKHTLSYVDVGTGKVTLEYRPVIDKTLNEADCATVPPA
IRSY
Enzyme 32 Number of Residues 664
Enzyme 32 Molecular Weight 72691.0
Enzyme 32 Theoretical pI 7.41
Enzyme 32 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • electron carrier activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • acetyl-CoA catabolic process
  • acetyl-CoA metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • coenzyme metabolic process
  • cofactor metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • tricarboxylic acid cycle
Component
Enzyme 32 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 32 Specific Function Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q)
Enzyme 32 Pathways
Enzyme 32 Reactions
  • succinate + ubiquinone = fumarate + ubiquinol [RN:R02164]
Enzyme 32 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 32 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 32 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 32 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 32 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P31040 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DHSA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 32 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 32 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 32 Gene Sequence >1995 bp
ATGTCGGGGGTCCGGGGCCTGTCGCGGCTGCTGAGCGCTCGGCGCCTGGCGCTGGCCAAG
GCGTGGCCAACAGTGTTGCAAACAGGAACCCGAGGTTTTCACTTCACTGTTGATGGGAAC
AAGAGGGCATCTGCTAAAGTTTCAGATTCCATTTCTGCTCAGTATCCAGTAGTGGATCAT
GAATTTGATGCAGTGGTGGTAGGCGCTGGAGGGGCAGGCTTGCGAGCTGCATTTGGCCTT
TCTGAGGCAGGGTTTAATACAGCATGTGTTACCAAGCTGTTTCCTACCAGGTCACACACT
GTTGCAGCACAGGGAGGAATCAATGCTGCTCTGGGGAACATGGAGGAGGACAACTGGAGG
TGGCATTTCTACGACACCGTGAAGGGCTCCGACTGGCTGGGGGACCAGGATGCCATCCAC
TACATGACGGAGCAGGCCCCCGCCGCCGTGGTCGAGCTAGAAAATTATGGCATGCCGTTT
AGCAGAACTGAAGATGGGAAGATTTATCAGCGTGCATTTGGTGGACAGAGCCTCAAGTTT
GGAAAGGGCGGGCAGGCCCATCGGTGCTGCTGTGTGGCTGATCGGACTGGCCACTCGCTA
TTGCACACCTTATATGGACGGTCTCTGCGATATGATACCAGCTATTTTGTGGAGTATTTT
GCCTTGGATCTCCTGATGGAGAACGGGGAGTGCCGTGGTGTCATCGCACTGTGCATAGAG
GACGGGTCCATCCATCGCATAAGAGCAAAGAACACTGTTGTTGCCACAGGAGGCTACGGG
CGCACCTACTTCAGCTGCACGTCTGCCCACACCAGCACTGGCGACGGCACGGCCATGATC
ACCAGGGCAGGCCTTCCTTGCCAGGACCTAGAGTTTGTTCAGTTCCACCCTACAGGCATA
TATGGTGCTGGTTGTCTCATTACGGAAGGATGTCGTGGAGAGGGAGGCATTCTCATTAAC
AGTCAAGGCGAAAGGTTTATGGAGCGATACGCCCCTGTCGCGAAGGACCTGGCGTCTAGA
GATGTGGTGTCTCGGTCCATGACTCTGGAGATCCGAGAAGGAAGAGGCTGTGGCCCTGAG
AAAGATCACGTCTACCTGCAGCTGCACCACCTACCTCCAGAGCAGCTGGCCACGCGCCTG
CCTGGCATTTCAGAGACAGCCATGATCTTCGCTGGCGTGGACGTCACGAAGGAGCCGATC
CCTGTCCTCCCCACCGTGCATTATAACATGGGCGGCATTCCCACCAACTACAAGGGGCAG
GTCCTGAGGCACGTGAATGGCCAGGATCAGATTGTGCCCGGCCTGTACGCCTGTGGGGAG
GCCGCCTGTGCCTCGGTACATGGTGCCAACCGCCTCGGGGCAAACTCGCTCTTGGACCTG
GTTGTCTTTGGTCGGGCATGTGCCCTGAGCATCGAAGAGTCATGCAGGCCTGGAGATAAA
GTCCCTCCAATTAAACCAAACGCTGGGGAAGAATCTGTCATGAATCTTGACAAATTGAGA
TTTGCTGATGGAAGCATAAGAACATCGGAACTGCGACTCAGCATGCAGAAGTCAATGCAA
AATCATGCTGCCGTGTTCCGTGTGGGAAGCGTGTTGCAAGAAGGTTGTGGGAAAATCAGC
AAGCTCTATGGAGACCTAAAGCACCTGAAGACGTTCGACCGGGGAATGGTCTGGAACACG
GACCTGGTGGAGACCCTGGAGCTGCAGAACCTGATGCTGTGTGCGCTGCAGACCATCTAC
GGAGCAGAGGCACGGAAGGAGTCACGGGGCGCGCATGCCAGGGAAGACTACAAGGTGCGG
ATTGATGAGTACGATTACTCCAAGCCCATCCAGGGGCAACAGAAGAAGCCCTTTGAGGAG
CACTGGAGGAAGCACACCCTGTCCTATGTGGACGTTGGCACTGGGAAGGTCACTCTGGAA
TATAGACCCGTGATCGACAAAACTTTGAACGAGGCTGACTGTGCCACCGTCCCGCCAGCC
ATTCGCTCCTACTGA
Enzyme 32 GenBank Gene ID D30648 Link Image
Enzyme 32 GeneCard ID SDHA Link Image
Enzyme 32 GenAtlas ID SDHA Link Image
Enzyme 32 HGNC ID HGNC:10680 Link Image
Enzyme 32 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 32 Locus 5p15
Enzyme 32 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 32 General References
  1. Hirawake H, Wang H, Kuramochi T, Kojima S, Kita K: Human complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase): cDNA cloning of the flavoprotein (Fp) subunit of liver mitochondria. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1994 Jul;116(1):221-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Morris AA, Farnsworth L, Ackrell BA, Turnbull DM, Birch-Machin MA: The cDNA sequence of the flavoprotein subunit of human heart succinate dehydrogenase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Mar 29;1185(1):125-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Parfait B, Chretien D, Rotig A, Marsac C, Munnich A, Rustin P: Compound heterozygous mutations in the flavoprotein gene of the respiratory chain complex II in a patient with Leigh syndrome. Hum Genet. 2000 Feb;106(2):236-43. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Bourgeron T, Rustin P, Chretien D, Birch-Machin M, Bourgeois M, Viegas-Pequignot E, Munnich A, Rotig A: Mutation of a nuclear succinate dehydrogenase gene results in mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency. Nat Genet. 1995 Oct;11(2):144-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Aboulaich N, Vainonen JP, Stralfors P, Vener AV: Vectorial proteomics reveal targeting, phosphorylation and specific fragmentation of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) at the surface of caveolae in human adipocytes. Biochem J. 2004 Oct 15;383(Pt 2):237-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Hao HX, Khalimonchuk O, Schraders M, Dephoure N, Bayley JP, Kunst H, Devilee P, Cremers CW, Schiffman JD, Bentz BG, Gygi SP, Winge DR, Kremer H, Rutter J: SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma. Science. 2009 Aug 28;325(5944):1139-42. Epub 2009 Jul 23. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Van Coster R, Seneca S, Smet J, Van Hecke R, Gerlo E, Devreese B, Van Beeumen J, Leroy JG, De Meirleir L, Lissens W: Homozygous Gly555Glu mutation in the nuclear-encoded 70 kDa flavoprotein gene causes instability of the respiratory chain complex II. Am J Med Genet A. 2003 Jul 1;120(1):13-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 32 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 33 [top]
Enzyme 33 ID 5383
Enzyme 33 Name Heme oxygenase 2
Enzyme 33 Synonyms
  1. HO-2
Enzyme 33 Gene Name HMOX2
Enzyme 33 Protein Sequence >Heme oxygenase 2
MSAEVETSEGVDESEKKNSGALEKENQMRMADLSELLKEGTKEAHDRAENTQFVKDFLKG
NIKKELFKLATTALYFTYSALEEEMERNKDHPAFAPLYFPMELHRKEALTKDMEYFFGEN
WEEQVQCPKAAQKYVERIHYIGQNEPELLVAHAYTRYMGDLSGGQVLKKVAQRALKLPST
GEGTQFYLFENVDNAQQFKQLYRARMNALDLNMKTKERIVEEANKAFEYNMQIFNELDQA
GSTLARETLEDGFPVHDGKGDMRKCPFYAAEQDKGALEGSSCPFRTAMAVLRKPSLQFIL
AAGVALAAGLLAWYYM
Enzyme 33 Number of Residues 316
Enzyme 33 Molecular Weight 36032.6
Enzyme 33 Theoretical pI 5.09
Enzyme 33 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
  • heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
  • heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
Process
  • heme metabolic process
  • heme oxidation
  • metabolic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • porphyrin metabolic process
  • tetrapyrrole metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 33 General Function Involved in heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
Enzyme 33 Specific Function Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed. Heme oxygenase 2 could be implicated in the production of carbon monoxide in brain where it could act as a neurotransmitter
Enzyme 33 Pathways
Enzyme 33 Reactions
  • heme + 3 AH2 + 3 O2 = biliverdin + Fe2+ + CO + 3 A + 3 H2O [RN:R00311]
Enzyme 33 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 33 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 33 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 33 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 33 GenBank ID Protein 187761307 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P30519 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name HMOX2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 33 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 33 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 33 Gene Sequence >951 bp
ATGTCAGCGGAAGTGGAAACCTCAGAGGGGGTAGACGAGTCAGAAAAAAAGAACTCTGGG
GCCCTAGAAAAGGAGAACCAAATGAGAATGGCTGACCTCTCGGAGCTCCTGAAGGAAGGG
ACCAAGGAAGCACACGACCGGGCAGAAAACACCCAGTTTGTCAAGGACTTCTTGAAAGGC
AACATTAAGAAGGAGCTGTTTAAGCTGGCCACCACGGCACTTTACTTCACATACTCAGCC
CTCGAGGAGGAAATGGAGCGCAACAAGGACCATCCAGCCTTTGCCCCTTTGTACTTCCCC
ATGGAGCTGCACCGGAAGGAGGCGCTGACCAAGGACATGGAGTATTTCTTTGGTGAAAAC
TGGGAGGAGCAGGTGCAGTGCCCCAAGGCTGCCCAGAAGTACGTGGAGCGGATCCACTAC
ATAGGGCAGAACGAGCCGGAGCTACTGGTGGCCCATGCATACACCCGCTACATGGGGGAT
CTCTCGGGGGGCCAGGTGCTGAAGAAGGTGGCCCAGCGAGCACTGAAACTCCCCAGCACA
GGGGAAGGGACCCAGTTCTACCTGTTTGAGAATGTGGACAATGCCCAGCAGTTCAAGCAG
CTCTACCGGGCCAGGATGAACGCCCTGGACCTGAACATGAAGACCAAAGAGAGGATCGTG
GAGGAGGCCAACAAGGCTTTTGAGTATAACATGCAGATATTCAATGAACTGGACCAGGCC
GGCTCCACACTGGCCAGAGAGACCTTGGAGGATGGGTTCCCTGTACACGATGGGAAAGGA
GACATGCGTAAATGCCCTTTCTACGCTGCTGAACAAGACAAAGGTGCCCTGGAGGGCAGC
AGCTGTCCCTTCCGAACAGCTATGGCTGTGCTGAGGAAGCCCAGCCTCCAGTTCATCCTG
GCCGCTGGTGTGGCCCTAGCTGCTGGACTCTTGGCCTGGTACTACATGTGA
Enzyme 33 GenBank Gene ID NM_001127204.1 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GeneCard ID HMOX2 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GenAtlas ID HMOX2 Link Image
Enzyme 33 HGNC ID HGNC:5014 Link Image
Enzyme 33 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 33 Locus 16p13.3
Enzyme 33 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 33 General References
  1. Ishikawa K, Takeuchi N, Takahashi S, Matera KM, Sato M, Shibahara S, Rousseau DL, Ikeda-Saito M, Yoshida T: Heme oxygenase-2. Properties of the heme complex of the purified tryptic fragment of recombinant human heme oxygenase-2. J Biol Chem. 1995 Mar 17;270(11):6345-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. McCoubrey WK Jr, Ewing JF, Maines MD: Human heme oxygenase-2: characterization and expression of a full-length cDNA and evidence suggesting that the two HO-2 transcripts may differ by choice of polyadenylation signal. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1992 May 15;295(1):13-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. Nature. 2004 Dec 23;432(7020):988-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Bianchetti CM, Yi L, Ragsdale SW, Phillips GN Jr: Comparison of apo- and heme-bound crystal structures of a truncated human heme oxygenase-2. J Biol Chem. 2007 Dec 28;282(52):37624-31. Epub 2007 Oct 26. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 33 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 34 [top]
Enzyme 34 ID 5384
Enzyme 34 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial
Enzyme 34 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-23kD
  2. CI-23kD
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 23 kDa subunit
  4. TYKY subunit
Enzyme 34 Gene Name NDUFS8
Enzyme 34 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial
MRCLTTPMLLRALAQAARAGPPGGRSLHSSAVAATYKYVNMQDPEMDMKSVTDRAARTLL
WTELFRGLGMTLSYLFREPATINYPFEKGPLSPRFRGEHALRRYPSGEERCIACKLCEAI
CPAQAITIEAEPRADGSRRTTRYDIDMTKCIYCGFCQEACPVDAIVEGPNFEFSTETHEE
LLYNKEKLLNNGDKWEAEIAANIQADYLYR
Enzyme 34 Number of Residues 210
Enzyme 34 Molecular Weight 23704.8
Enzyme 34 Theoretical pI 6.27
Enzyme 34 GO Classification
Function
  • 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • electron carrier activity
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
Enzyme 34 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 34 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. May donate electrons to ubiquinone
Enzyme 34 Pathways
Enzyme 34 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor [RN:R00281]
Enzyme 34 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 34 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 34 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 34 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 34 GenBank ID Protein 1935056 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00217 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUS8_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 34 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 34 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 34 Gene Sequence >633 bp
ATGCGCTGCCTGACCACGCCTATGCTGCTGCGGGCCCTGGCCCAGGCTGCACGTGCAGGA
CCTCCTGGTGGCCGGAGCCTCCACAGCAGTGCAGTGGCAGCCACCTACAAGTATGTGAAC
ATGCAGGATCCCGAGATGGACATGAAGTCAGTGACTGACCGGGCAGCCCGCACCCTGCTG
TGGACTGAGCTCTTCCGAGGCCTGGGCATGACCCTGAGCTACCTGTTCCGGGAACCGGCC
ACCATCAACTACCCGTTCGAGAAGGGCCCGCTGAGCCCTCGCTTCCGTGGGGAGCATGCG
CTGCGCCGGTACCCATCCGGGGAGGAGCGTTGCATTGCCTGCAAGCTCTGCGAGGCCATC
TGCCCCGCCCAGGCCATCACCATCGAGGCTGAGCCAAGAGCTGATGGCAGCCGCCGGACC
ACCCGCTATGACATCGACATGACCAAGTGCATCTACTGCGGCTTCTGCCAGGAGGCCTGT
CCCGTGGATGCCATCGTCGAGGGCCCCAACTTTGAGTTCTCCACGGAGACCCATGAGGAG
CTGCTGTACAACAAGGAGAAGTTGCTCAACAACGGGGACAAGTGGGAGGCCGAGATCGCC
GCCAACATCCAGGCTGACTACTTGTATCGGTGA
Enzyme 34 GenBank Gene ID U65579 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GeneCard ID NDUFS8 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GenAtlas ID NDUFS8 Link Image
Enzyme 34 HGNC ID HGNC:7715 Link Image
Enzyme 34 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 34 Locus 11q13
Enzyme 34 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 34 General References
  1. Procaccio V, Depetris D, Soularue P, Mattei MG, Lunardi J, Issartel JP: cDNA sequence and chromosomal localization of the NDUFS8 human gene coding for the 23 kDa subunit of the mitochondrial complex I. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Mar 20;1351(1-2):37-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. de Sury R, Martinez P, Procaccio V, Lunardi J, Issartel JP: Genomic structure of the human NDUFS8 gene coding for the iron-sulfur TYKY subunit of the mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Gene. 1998 Jul 17;215(1):1-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Loeffen J, Smeitink J, Triepels R, Smeets R, Schuelke M, Sengers R, Trijbels F, Hamel B, Mullaart R, van den Heuvel L: The first nuclear-encoded complex I mutation in a patient with Leigh syndrome. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Dec;63(6):1598-608. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 34 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 35 [top]
Enzyme 35 ID 5385
Enzyme 35 Name Squalene monooxygenase
Enzyme 35 Synonyms
  1. Squalene epoxidase
  2. SE
Enzyme 35 Gene Name SQLE
Enzyme 35 Protein Sequence >Squalene monooxygenase
MWTFLGIATFTYFYKKFGDFITLANREVLLCVLVFLSLGLVLSYRCRHRNGGLLGRQQSG
SQFALFSDILSGLPFIGFFWAKSPPESENKEQLEARRRRKGTNISETSLIGTAACTSTSS
QNDPEVIIVGAGVLGSALAAVLSRDGRKVTVIERDLKEPDRIVGEFLQPGGYHVLKDLGL
GDTVEGLDAQVVNGYMIHDQESKSEVQIPYPLSENNQVQSGRAFHHGRFIMSLRKAAMAE
PNAKFIEGVVLQLLEEDDVVMGVQYKDKETGDIKELHAPLTVVADGLFSKFRKSLVSNKV
SVSSHFVGFLMKNAPQFKANHAELILANPSPVLIYQISSSETRVLVDIRGEMPRNLREYM
VEKIYPQIPDHLKEPFLEATDNSHLRSMPASFLPPSSVKKRGVLLLGDAYNMRHPLTGGG
MTVAFKDIKLWRKLLKGIPDLYDDAAIFEAKKSFYWARKTSHSFVVNILAQALYELFSAT
DDSLHQLRKACFLYFKLGGECVAGPVGLLSVLSPNPLVLIGHFFAVAIYAVYFCFKSEPW
ITKPRALLSSGAVLYKACSVIFPLIYSEMKYMVH
Enzyme 35 Number of Residues 574
Enzyme 35 Molecular Weight 63922.5
Enzyme 35 Theoretical pI 8.87
Enzyme 35 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • squalene monooxygenase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 35 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 35 Specific Function Catalyzes the first oxygenation step in sterol biosynthesis and is suggested to be one of the rate-limiting enzymes in this pathway
Enzyme 35 Pathways
Enzyme 35 Reactions
  • squalene + AH2 + O2 = (S)-squalene-2,3-epoxide + A + H2O [RN:R02873]
Enzyme 35 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 35 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 35 Transmembrane Regions
  • 20-40 61-81 123-143 546-566
Enzyme 35 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 35 GenBank ID Protein 62865635 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q14534 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ERG1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 35 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 35 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 35 Gene Sequence >1725 bp
ATGTGGACTTTTCTGGGCATTGCCACTTTCACCTATTTTTATAAGAAGTTCGGGGACTTC
ATCACTTTGGCCAACAGGGAGGTCCTGTTGTGCGTGCTGGTGTTCCTCTCGCTGGGCCTG
GTGCTCTCCTACCGCTGTCGCCACCGAAACGGGGGTCTCCTCGGGCGCCAGCAGAGCGGC
TCCCAGTTCGCCCTCTTCTCGGATATTCTCTCAGGCCTGCCTTTCATTGGCTTCTTCTGG
GCCAAATCCCCCCCTGAATCAGAAAATAAGGAGCAGCTCGAGGCCAGGAGGCGCAGAAAA
GGAACCAATATTTCAGAAACAAGCTTAATAGGAACAGCTGCCTGTACATCAACATCTTCT
CAGAATGACCCAGAAGTTATCATCGTGGGAGCTGGCGTGCTTGGCTCTGCTTTGGCAGCT
GTGCTTTCCAGAGATGGAAGAAAGGTGACAGTCATTGAGAGAGACTTAAAAGAGCCTGAC
AGAATAGTTGGAGAATTCCTGCAGCCGGGTGGTTATCATGTTCTCAAAGACCTTGGTCTT
GGAGATACAGTGGAAGGTCTTGATGCCCAGGTTGTAAATGGTTACATGATTCATGATCAG
GAAAGCAAATCAGAGGTTCAGATTCCTTACCCTCTGTCAGAAAACAATCAAGTGCAGAGT
GGAAGAGCTTTCCATCACGGAAGATTCATCATGAGTCTCCGGAAAGCAGCTATGGCAGAG
CCCAATGCAAAGTTTATTGAAGGTGTTGTGTTACAGTTATTAGAGGAAGATGATGTTGTG
ATGGGAGTTCAGTACAAGGATAAAGAGACTGGAGATATCAAGGAACTCCATGCTCCACTG
ACTGTTGTTGCAGATGGGCTTTTCTCCAAGTTCAGGAAAAGCCTGGTCTCCAATAAAGTT
TCTGTATCATCTCATTTTGTTGGCTTTCTTATGAAGAATGCACCACAGTTTAAAGCAAAT
CATGCTGAACTTATTTTAGCTAACCCGAGTCCAGTTCTCATCTACCAGATTTCATCCAGT
GAAACTCGAGTACTTGTTGACATTAGAGGAGAAATGCCAAGGAATTTAAGAGAATACATG
GTTGAAAAAATTTACCCACAAATACCTGATCACCTGAAAGAACCATTCTTAGAAGCCACT
GACAATTCTCATCTGAGGTCCATGCCAGCAAGCTTCCTTCCTCCTTCATCAGTGAAGAAA
CGAGGTGTTCTTCTTTTGGGAGACGCATATAATATGAGGCATCCACTTACTGGTGGAGGA
ATGACTGTTGCTTTTAAAGATATAAAACTATGGAGAAAACTGCTAAAGGGTATCCCTGAC
CTTTATGATGATGCAGCTATTTTCGAGGCCAAAAAATCATTTTACTGGGCAAGAAAAACA
TCTCATTCCTTTGTCGTGAATATCCTTGCTCAGGCTCTTTATGAATTATTTTCTGCCACA
GATGATTCCCTGCATCAACTAAGAAAAGCCTGTTTTCTTTATTTCAAACTTGGTGGCGAA
TGTGTTGCGGGTCCTGTTGGGCTGCTTTCTGTATTGTCTCCTAACCCTCTAGTTTTAATT
GGACACTTCTTTGCTGTTGCAATCTATGCCGTGTATTTTTGCTTTAAGTCAGAACCTTGG
ATTACAAAACCTCGAGCCCTTCTCAGTAGTGGTGCTGTATTGTACAAAGCGTGTTCTGTA
ATATTTCCTCTAATTTACTCAGAAATGAAGTATATGGTTCATTAA
Enzyme 35 GenBank Gene ID NM_003129.3 Link Image
Enzyme 35 GeneCard ID SQLE Link Image
Enzyme 35 GenAtlas ID SQLE Link Image
Enzyme 35 HGNC ID HGNC:11279 Link Image
Enzyme 35 Chromosome Location 8
Enzyme 35 Locus 8q24.1
Enzyme 35 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 35 General References
  1. Nagai M, Sakakibara J, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Igarashi S, Tsuji S, Arakawa M, Ono T: Localization of the squalene epoxidase gene (SQLE) to human chromosome region 8q24.1. Genomics. 1997 Aug 15;44(1):141-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Nusbaum C, Mikkelsen TS, Zody MC, Asakawa S, Taudien S, Garber M, Kodira CD, Schueler MG, Shimizu A, Whittaker CA, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Yang X, Allen NR, Anderson S, Asakawa T, Blechschmidt K, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Butler J, Cook A, Corum B, DeArellano K, DeCaprio D, Dooley KT, Dorris L 3rd, Engels R, Glockner G, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hall JL, Ishikawa SK, Jaffe DB, Kamat A, Kudoh J, Lehmann R, Lokitsang T, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews CD, Mauceli E, Menzel U, Mihalev AH, Minoshima S, Murayama Y, Naylor JW, Nicol R, Nguyen C, O'Leary SB, O'Neill K, Parker SC, Polley A, Raymond CK, Reichwald K, Rodriguez J, Sasaki T, Schilhabel M, Siddiqui R, Smith CL, Sneddon TP, Talamas JA, Tenzin P, Topham K, Venkataraman V, Wen G, Yamazaki S, Young SK, Zeng Q, Zimmer AR, Rosenthal A, Birren BW, Platzer M, Shimizu N, Lander ES: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 8. Nature. 2006 Jan 19;439(7074):331-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Nakamura Y, Sakakibara J, Izumi T, Shibata A, Ono T: Transcriptional regulation of squalene epoxidase by sterols and inhibitors in HeLa cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 5;271(14):8053-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 35 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 36 [top]
Enzyme 36 ID 5386
Enzyme 36 Name NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2
Enzyme 36 Synonyms
  1. NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2
Enzyme 36 Gene Name MT-ND2
Enzyme 36 Protein Sequence >NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2
MNPLAQPVIYSTIFAGTLITALSSHWFFTWVGLEMNMLAFIPVLTKKMNPRSTEAAIKYF
LTQATASMILLMAILFNNMLSGQWTMTNTTNQYSSLMIMMAMAMKLGMAPFHFWVPEVTQ
GTPLTSGLLLLTWQKLAPISIMYQISPSLNVSLLLTLSILSIMAGSWGGLNQTQLRKILA
YSSITHMGWMMAVLPYNPNMTILNLTIYIILTTTAFLLLNLNSSTTTLLLSRTWNKLTWL
TPLIPSTLLSLGGLPPLTGFLPKWAIIEEFTKNNSLIIPTIMATITLLNLYFYLRLIYST
SITLLPMSNNVKMKWQFEHTKPTPFLPTLIALTTLLLPISPFMLMIL
Enzyme 36 Number of Residues 347
Enzyme 36 Molecular Weight 38960.5
Enzyme 36 Theoretical pI 10.30
Enzyme 36 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
  • cellular metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
  • mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone
  • oxidation reduction
  • respiratory electron transport chain
Component
Enzyme 36 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 36 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 36 Pathways
Enzyme 36 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol [RN:R02163]
Enzyme 36 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 36 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 36 Transmembrane Regions
  • 13-33 56-76 96-116 123-143 149-169 178-198 201-221 247-267 274-294 326-346
Enzyme 36 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 36 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P03891 Link Image
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NU2M_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 36 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 36 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 36 Gene Sequence >1042 bp
ATTAATCCCCTGGCCCAACCCGTCATCTACTCTACCATCTTTGCAGGCACACTCATCACA
GCGCTAAGCTCGCACTGATTTTTTACCTGAGTAGGCCTAGAAATAAACATGCTAGCTTTT
ATTCCAGTTCTAACCAAAAAAATAAACCCTCGTTCCACAGAAGCTGCCATCAAGTATTTC
CTCACGCAAGCAACCGCATCCATAATCCTTCTAATAGCTATCCTCTTCAACAATATACTC
TCCGGACAATGAACCATAACCAATACTACCAATCAATACTCATCATTAATAATCATAATA
GCTATAGCAATAAAACTAGGAATAGCCCCCTTTCACTTCTGAGTCCCAGAGGTTACCCAA
GGCACCCCTCTGACATCCGGCCTGCTTCTTCTCACATGACAAAAACTAGCCCCCATCTCA
ATCATATACCAAATCTCTCCCTCACTAAACGTAAGCCTTCTCCTCACTCTCTCAATCTTA
TCCATCATAGCAGGCAGTTGAGGTGGATTAAACCAAACCCAGCTACGCAAAATCTTAGCA
TACTCCTCAATTACCCACATAGGATGAATAATAGCAGTTCTACCGTACAACCCTAACATA
ACCATTCTTAATTTAACTATTTATATTATCCTAACTACTACCGCATTCCTACTACTCAAC
TTAAACTCCAGCACCACGACCCTACTACTATCTCGCACCTGAAACAAGCTAACATGACTA
ACACCCTTAATTCCATCCACCCTCCTCTCCCTAGGAGGCCTGCCCCCGCTAACCGGCTTT
TTGCCCAAATGGGCCATTATCGAAGAATTCACAAAAAACAATAGCCTCATCATCCCCACC
ATCATAGCCACCATCACCCTCCTTAACCTCTACTTCTACCTACGCCTAATCTACTCCACC
TCAATCACACTACTCCCCATATCTAACAACGTAAAAATAAAATGACAGTTTGAACATACA
AAACCCACCCCATTCCTCCCCACACTCATCGCCCTTACCACGCTACTCCTACCTATCTCC
CCTTTTATACTAATAATCTTAT
Enzyme 36 GenBank Gene ID J01415 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GeneCard ID MT-ND2 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GenAtlas ID MT-ND2 Link Image
Enzyme 36 HGNC ID HGNC:7456 Link Image
Enzyme 36 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 36 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 36 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 36 General References
  1. Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, de Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Drouin J, Eperon IC, Nierlich DP, Roe BA, Sanger F, Schreier PH, Smith AJ, Staden R, Young IG: Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature. 1981 Apr 9;290(5806):457-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Sanger F, Coulson AR, Barrell BG, Smith AJ, Roe BA: Cloning in single-stranded bacteriophage as an aid to rapid DNA sequencing. J Mol Biol. 1980 Oct 25;143(2):161-78. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Wise CA, Sraml M, Easteal S: Departure from neutrality at the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene in humans, but not in chimpanzees. Genetics. 1998 Jan;148(1):409-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Horai S, Hayasaka K, Kondo R, Tsugane K, Takahata N: Recent African origin of modern humans revealed by complete sequences of hominoid mitochondrial DNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 17;92(2):532-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Moilanen JS, Finnila S, Majamaa K: Lineage-specific selection in human mtDNA: lack of polymorphisms in a segment of MTND5 gene in haplogroup J. Mol Biol Evol. 2003 Dec;20(12):2132-42. Epub 2003 Aug 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Ingman M, Kaessmann H, Paabo S, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans. Nature. 2000 Dec 7;408(6813):708-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Ingman M, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and evolutionary history of Australian and New Guinean aborigines. Genome Res. 2003 Jul;13(7):1600-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Coble MD, Just RS, O'Callaghan JE, Letmanyi IH, Peterson CT, Irwin JA, Parsons TJ: Single nucleotide polymorphisms over the entire mtDNA genome that increase the power of forensic testing in Caucasians. Int J Legal Med. 2004 Jun;118(3):137-46. Epub 2004 Feb 4. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Chomyn A, Mariottini P, Cleeter MW, Ragan CI, Matsuno-Yagi A, Hatefi Y, Doolittle RF, Attardi G: Six unidentified reading frames of human mitochondrial DNA encode components of the respiratory-chain NADH dehydrogenase. Nature. 1985 Apr 18-24;314(6012):592-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Johns DR, Berman J: Alternative, simultaneous complex I mitochondrial DNA mutations in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Feb 14;174(3):1324-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Marzuki S, Noer AS, Lertrit P, Thyagarajan D, Kapsa R, Utthanaphol P, Byrne E: Normal variants of human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: the building of a reference data base. Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;88(2):139-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Brown MD, Voljavec AS, Lott MT, Torroni A, Yang CC, Wallace DC: Mitochondrial DNA complex I and III mutations associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Genetics. 1992 Jan;130(1):163-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Lin FH, Lin R, Wisniewski HM, Hwang YW, Grundke-Iqbal I, Healy-Louie G, Iqbal K: Detection of point mutations in codon 331 of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 in Alzheimer's brains. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Jan 15;182(1):238-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Rieder MJ, Taylor SL, Tobe VO, Nickerson DA: Automating the identification of DNA variations using quality-based fluorescence re-sequencing: analysis of the human mitochondrial genome. Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Feb 15;26(4):967-73. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 36 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 37 [top]
Enzyme 37 ID 5387
Enzyme 37 Name Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 2
Enzyme 37 Synonyms
  1. Dimethylaniline oxidase 2
  2. FMO 1B1
  3. Pulmonary flavin-containing monooxygenase 2
  4. FMO 2
Enzyme 37 Gene Name FMO2
Enzyme 37 Protein Sequence >Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 2
MAKKVAVIGAGVSGLISLKCCVDEGLEPTCFERTEDIGGVWRFKENVEDGRASIYQSVVT
NTSKEMSCFSDFPMPEDFPNFLHNSKLLEYFRIFAKKFDLLKYIQFQTTVLSVRKCPDFS
SSGQWKVVTQSNGKEQSAVFDAVMVCSGHHILPHIPLKSFPGMERFKGQYFHSRQYKHPD
GFEGKRILVIGMGNSGSDIAVELSKNAAQVFISTRHGTWVMSRISEDGYPWDSVFHTRFR
SMLRNVLPRTAVKWMIEQQMNRWFNHENYGLEPQNKYIMKEPVLNDDVPSRLLCGAIKVK
STVKELTETSAIFEDGTVEENIDVIIFATGYSFSFPFLEDSLVKVENNMVSLYKYIFPAH
LDKSTLACIGLIQPLGSIFPTAELQARWVTRVFKGLCSLPSERTMMMDIIKRNEKRIDLF
GESQSQTLQTNYVDYLDELALEIGAKPDFCSLLFKDPKLAVRLYFGPCNSYQYRLVGPGQ
WEGARNAIFTQKQRILKPLKTRALKDSSNFSVSFLLKILGLLAVVVAFFCQLQWS
Enzyme 37 Number of Residues 535
Enzyme 37 Molecular Weight 60906.8
Enzyme 37 Theoretical pI 8.40
Enzyme 37 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • intrinsic to organelle membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 37 General Function Involved in flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 37 Specific Function Catalyzes the N-oxidation of certain primary alkylamines to their oximes via an N-hydroxylamine intermediate. Inactive toward certain tertiary amines, such as imipramine or chloropromazine. Can catalyze the S-oxidation of methimazole. The truncated form is catalytically inactive
Enzyme 37 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 37 Reactions
  • N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R03344]
Enzyme 37 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 37 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 37 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 37 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 37 GenBank ID Protein 4503757 Link Image
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q99518 Link Image
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FMO2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 37 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 37 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 37 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 37 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Enzyme 37 GeneCard ID FMO2 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GenAtlas ID FMO2 Link Image
Enzyme 37 HGNC ID HGNC:3770 Link Image
Enzyme 37 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 37 Locus 1q24.3
Enzyme 37 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 37 General References
  1. Dolphin CT, Beckett DJ, Janmohamed A, Cullingford TE, Smith RL, Shephard EA, Phillips IR: The flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 gene (FMO2) of humans, but not of other primates, encodes a truncated, nonfunctional protein. J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 13;273(46):30599-607. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Blomster HA, Imanishi SY, Siimes J, Kastu J, Morrice NA, Eriksson JE, Sistonen L: In vivo identification of sumoylation sites by a signature tag and cysteine-targeted affinity purification. J Biol Chem. 2010 Jun 18;285(25):19324-9. Epub 2010 Apr 13. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Furnes B, Feng J, Sommer SS, Schlenk D: Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Feb;31(2):187-93. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 37 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 38 [top]
Enzyme 38 ID 5389
Enzyme 38 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7
Enzyme 38 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B14.5a
  2. CI-B14.5a
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B14.5a
Enzyme 38 Gene Name NDUFA7
Enzyme 38 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7
MASATRLIQRLRNWASGHDLQGKLQLRYQEISKRTQPPPKLPVGPSHKLSNNYYCTRDGR
RESVPPSIIMSSQKALVSGKPAESSAVAATEKKAVTPAPPIKRWELSSDQPYL
Enzyme 38 Number of Residues 113
Enzyme 38 Molecular Weight 12551.3
Enzyme 38 Theoretical pI 10.80
Enzyme 38 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
  • cellular metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
  • respiratory electron transport chain
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
  • mitochondrial inner membrane
  • organelle inner membrane
  • organelle membrane
Enzyme 38 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 38 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 38 Pathways
Enzyme 38 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 38 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 38 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 38 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 38 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 38 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95182 Link Image
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUA7_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 38 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 38 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 38 Gene Sequence >342 bp
ATGGCGTCCGCCACCCGTCTCATCCAGCGGCTGCGGAACTGGGCGTCCGGGCATGACCTG
CAGGGGAAGCTGCAGCTACGCTACCAGGAGATCTCCAAGCGAACTCAGCCTCCTCCCAAG
CTCCCTGTGGGTCCTAGCCACAAGCTCTCCAACAATTACTATTGCACTCGCGATGGCCGC
CGGGAATCTGTGCCCCCTTCCATCATCATGTCGTCGCAGAAGGCGCTGGTGTCAGGCAAG
CCAGCAGAGAGCTCTGCTGTAGCTGCCACTGAGAAGAAGGCGGTGACTCCAGCTCCTCCC
ATAAAGAGGTGGGAGCTGTCCTCGGACCAGCCTTACCTGTGA
Enzyme 38 GenBank Gene ID AF050637 Link Image
Enzyme 38 GeneCard ID NDUFA7 Link Image
Enzyme 38 GenAtlas ID NDUFA7 Link Image
Enzyme 38 HGNC ID HGNC:7691 Link Image
Enzyme 38 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 38 Locus 19p13.2
Enzyme 38 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 38 General References
  1. Loeffen JL, Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Schuelke M, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA: cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 18;253(2):415-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Genome Res. 2000 Oct;10(10):1546-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Cantin GT, Yi W, Lu B, Park SK, Xu T, Lee JD, Yates JR 3rd: Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis. J Proteome Res. 2008 Mar;7(3):1346-51. Epub 2008 Jan 26. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 38 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 39 [top]
Enzyme 39 ID 5390
Enzyme 39 Name Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial
Enzyme 39 Synonyms
  1. Selenoprotein Z
  2. SelZ
  3. TR-beta
  4. Thioredoxin reductase TR3
Enzyme 39 Gene Name TXNRD2
Enzyme 39 Protein Sequence >Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial
MAAMAVALRGLGGRFRWRTQAVAGGVRGAARGAAAGQRDYDLLVVGGGSGGLACAKEAAQ
LGRKVAVVDYVEPSPQGTRWGLGGTCVNVGCIPKKLMHQAALLGGLIQDAPNYGWEVAQP
VPHDWRKMAEAVQNHVKSLNWGHRVQLQDRKVKYFNIKASFVDEHTVCGVAKGGKEILLS
ADHIIIATGGRPRYPTHIEGALEYGITSDDIFWLKESPGKTLVVGASYVALECAGFLTGI
GLDTTIMMRSIPLRGFDQQMSSMVIEHMASHGTRFLRGCAPSRVRRLPDGQLQVTWEDST
TGKEDTGTFDTVLWAIGRVPDTRSLNLEKAGVDTSPDTQKILVDSREATSVPHIYAIGDV
VEGRPELTPIAIMAGRLLVQRLFGGSSDLMDYDNVPTTVFTPLEYGCVGLSEEEAVARHG
QEHVEVYHAHYKPLEFTVAGRDASQCYVKMVCLREPPQLVLGLHFLGPNAGEVTQGFALG
IKCGASYAQVMRTVGIHPTCSEEVVKLRISKRSGLDPTVTGCUG
Enzyme 39 Number of Residues 524
Enzyme 39 Molecular Weight 56506.3
Enzyme 39 Theoretical pI 7.55
Enzyme 39 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • antioxidant activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity
Process
  • cell redox homeostasis
  • cellular homeostasis
  • cellular process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 39 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 39 Specific Function Maintains thioredoxin in a reduced state. Implicated in the defenses against oxidative stress. May play a role in redox- regulated cell signaling
Enzyme 39 Pathways
Enzyme 39 Reactions
  • thioredoxin + NADP+ = thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH + H+ [RN:R02016]
Enzyme 39 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 39 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 39 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 39 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 39 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 39 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NNW7 Link Image
Enzyme 39 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name TRXR2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 39 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 39 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 39 Gene Sequence >1575 bp
ATGGCGGCAATGGCGGTGGCGCTGCGGGGATTAGGAGGGCGCTTCCGGTGGCGGACGCAG
GCCGTGGCGGGCGGGGTGCGGGGCGCGGCGCGGGGCGCAGCAGCAGGTCAGCGGGACTAT
GATCTCCTGGTGGTCGGCGGGGGATCTGGTGGCCTGGCTTGTGCCAAGGAGGCCGCCCAG
CTGGGAAGGAAGGTGGCCGTGGTGGACTACGTGGAACCTTCTCCCCAAGGCACCCGGTGG
GGCCTCGGCGGCACCTGCGTCAACGTGGGCTGCATCCCCAAGAAGCTGATGCACCAGGCG
GCACTGCTGGGAGGCCTGATCCAAGATGCCCCCAACTATGGCTGGGAGGTGGCCCAGCCC
GTGCCGCATGACTGGAGGAAGATGGCAGAAGCTGTTCAAAATCACGTGAAATCCTTGAAC
TGGGGCCACCGTGTCCAGCTTCAGGACAGAAAAGTCAAGTACTTTAACATCAAAGCCAGC
TTTGTTGACGAGCACACGGTTTGCGGCGTTGCCAAAGGTGGGAAAGAGATTCTGCTGTCA
GCCGATCACATCATCATTGCTACTGGAGGGCGGCCGAGATACCCCACGCACATCGAAGGT
GCCTTGGAATATGGAATCACAAGTGATGACATCTTCTGGCTGAAGGAATCCCCTGGAAAA
ACGTTGGTGGTCGGGGCCAGCTATGTGGCCCTGGAGTGTGCTGGCTTCCTCACCGGGATT
GGGCTGGACACCACCATCATGATGCGCAGCATCCCCCTCCGCGGCTTCGACCAGCAAATG
TCCTCCATGGTCATAGAGCACATGGCATCTCATGGCACCCGGTTCCTGAGGGGCTGTGCC
CCCTCGCGGGTCAGGAGGCTCCCTGATGGCCAGCTGCAGGTCACCTGGGAGGACAGCACC
ACCGGCAAGGAGGACACGGGCACCTTTGACACCGTCCTGTGGGCCATAGGTCGAGTCCCA
GACACCAGAAGTCTGAATTTGGAGAAGGCTGGGGTAGATACTAGCCCCGACACTCAGAAG
ATCCTGGTGGACTCCCGGGAAGCCACCTCTGTGCCCCACATCTACGCCATTGGTGACGTG
GTGGAGGGGCGGCCTGAGCTGACACCCATAGCGATCATGGCCGGGAGGCTCCTGGTGCAG
CGGCTCTTCGGCGGGTCCTCAGATCTGATGGACTACGACAATGTTCCCACGACCGTCTTC
ACCCCGCTGGAGTATGGCTGTGTGGGGCTGTCCGAGGAGGAGGCAGTGGCTCGCCACGGG
CAGGAGCATGTTGAGGTCTATCACGCCCATTATAAACCACTGGAGTTCACGGTGGCTGGA
CGAGATGCATCCCAGTGTTATGTAAAGATGGTGTGCCTGAGGGAGCCCCCACAGCTGGTG
CTGGGCCTGCATTTCCTTGGCCCCAACGCAGGCGAAGTTACTCAAGGATTTGCTCTGGGG
ATCAAGTGTGGGGCTTCCTATGCGCAGGTGATGCGGACCGTGGGTATCCATCCCACATGC
TCTGAGGAGGTAGTCAAGCTGCGCATCTCCAAGCGCTCAGGCCTGGACCCCACGGTGACA
GGCTGCTGAGGGTAA
Enzyme 39 GenBank Gene ID AF171054 Link Image
Enzyme 39 GeneCard ID TXNRD2 Link Image
Enzyme 39 GenAtlas ID TXNRD2 Link Image
Enzyme 39 HGNC ID HGNC:18155 Link Image
Enzyme 39 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 39 Locus 22q11.21
Enzyme 39 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 39 General References
  1. Sun QA, Wu Y, Zappacosta F, Jeang KT, Lee BJ, Hatfield DL, Gladyshev VN: Redox regulation of cell signaling by selenocysteine in mammalian thioredoxin reductases. J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 27;274(35):24522-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gasdaska PY, Berggren MM, Berry MJ, Powis G: Cloning, sequencing and functional expression of a novel human thioredoxin reductase. FEBS Lett. 1999 Jan 8;442(1):105-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Miranda-Vizuete A, Damdimopoulos AE, Pedrajas JR, Gustafsson JA, Spyrou G: Human mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase cDNA cloning, expression and genomic organization. Eur J Biochem. 1999 Apr;261(2):405-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lescure A, Gautheret D, Carbon P, Krol A: Novel selenoproteins identified in silico and in vivo by using a conserved RNA structural motif. J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 31;274(53):38147-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Sun QA, Zappacosta F, Factor VM, Wirth PJ, Hatfield DL, Gladyshev VN: Heterogeneity within animal thioredoxin reductases. Evidence for alternative first exon splicing. J Biol Chem. 2001 Feb 2;276(5):3106-14. Epub 2000 Nov 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 39 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 40 [top]
Enzyme 40 ID 5391
Enzyme 40 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2
Enzyme 40 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B8
  2. CI-B8
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B8 subunit
Enzyme 40 Gene Name NDUFA2
Enzyme 40 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2
MAAAAASRGVGAKLGLREIRIHLCQRSPGSQGVRDFIEKRYVELKKANPDLPILIRECSD
VQPKLWARYAFGQETNVPLNNFSADQVTRALENVLSGKA
Enzyme 40 Number of Residues 99
Enzyme 40 Molecular Weight 10921.4
Enzyme 40 Theoretical pI 10.11
Enzyme 40 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 40 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 40 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 40 Pathways
Enzyme 40 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 40 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 40 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 40 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 40 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 40 GenBank ID Protein 12539408 Link Image
Enzyme 40 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O43678 Link Image
Enzyme 40 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUA2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 40 PDB ID 1S3A Link Image
Enzyme 40 PDB File Show
Enzyme 40 3D Structure
Enzyme 40 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 40 Gene Sequence >300 bp
ATGGCGGCGGCCGCAGCAAGTCGAGGAGTCGGGGCAAAGCTGGGCCTGCGTGAGATTCGC
ATCCACTTATGTCAGCGCTCGCCCGGCAGCCAGGGCGTCAGGGACTTCATTGAGAAACGC
TACGTGGAGCTGAAGAAGGCGAATCCCGACCTACCCATCCTAATCCGCGAATGCTCCGAT
GTGCAGCCCAAGCTCTGGGCCCGCTACGCATTTGGCCAAGAGACGAATGTCCCTTTGAAC
AACTTCAGTGCTGATCAGGTAACCAGAGCCCTGGAGAACGTTCTAAGTGGTAAAGCCTGA
Enzyme 40 GenBank Gene ID AB054976 Link Image
Enzyme 40 GeneCard ID NDUFA2 Link Image
Enzyme 40 GenAtlas ID NDUFA2 Link Image
Enzyme 40 HGNC ID HGNC:7685 Link Image
Enzyme 40 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 40 Locus 5q31
Enzyme 40 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 40 General References
  1. Ton C, Hwang DM, Dempsey AA, Liew CC: Identification and primary structure of five human NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunits. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Dec 18;241(2):589-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Genome Res. 2000 Oct;10(10):1546-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Brockmann C, Diehl A, Rehbein K, Strauss H, Schmieder P, Korn B, Kuhne R, Oschkinat H: The oxidized subunit B8 from human complex I adopts a thioredoxin fold. Structure. 2004 Sep;12(9):1645-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 40 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 41 [top]
Enzyme 41 ID 5392
Enzyme 41 Name Methionine synthase
Enzyme 41 Synonyms
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate--homocysteine methyltransferase
  2. Vitamin-B12 dependent methionine synthase
  3. MS
Enzyme 41 Gene Name MTR
Enzyme 41 Protein Sequence >Methionine synthase
MSPALQDLSQPEGLKKTLRDEINAILQKRIMVLDGGMGTMIQREKLNEEHFRGQEFKDHA
RPLKGNNDILSITQPDVIYQIHKEYLLAGADIIETNTFSSTSIAQADYGLEHLAYRMNMC
SAGVARKAAEEVTLQTGIKRFVAGALGPTNKTLSVSPSVERPDYRNITFDELVEAYQEQA
KGLLDGGVDILLIETIFDTANAKAALFALQNLFEEKYAPRPIFISGTIVDKSGRTLSGQT
GEGFVISVSHGEPLCIGLNCALGAAEMRPFIEIIGKCTTAYVLCYPNAGLPNTFGDYDET
PSMMAKHLKDFAMDGLVNIVGGCCGSTPDHIREIAEAVKNCKPRVPPATAFEGHMLLSGL
EPFRIGPYTNFVNIGERCNVAGSRKFAKLIMAGNYEEALCVAKVQVEMGAQVLDVNMDDG
MLDGPSAMTRFCNLIASEPDIAKVPLCIDSSNFAVIEAGLKCCQGKCIVNSISLKEGEDD
FLEKARKIKKYGAAMVVMAFDEEGQATETDTKIRVCTRAYHLLVKKLGFNPNDIIFDPNI
LTIGTGMEEHNLYAINFIHATKVIKETLPGARISGGLSNLSFSFRGMEAIREAMHGVFLY
HAIKSGMDMGIVNAGNLPVYDDIHKELLQLCEDLIWNKDPEATEKLLRYAQTQGTGGKKV
IQTDEWRNGPVEERLEYALVKGIEKHIIEDTEEARLNQKKYPRPLNIIEGPLMNGMKIVG
DLFGAGKMFLPQVIKSARVMKKAVGHLIPFMEKEREETRVLNGTVEEEDPYQGTIVLATV
KGDVHDIGKNIVGVVLGCNNFRVIDLGVMTPCDKILKAALDHKADIIGLSGLITPSLDEM
IFVAKEMERLAIRIPLLIGGATTSKTHTAVKIAPRYSAPVIHVLDASKSVVVCSQLLDEN
LKDEYFEEIMEEYEDIRQDHYESLKERRYLPLSQARKSGFQMDWLSEPHPVKPTFIGTQV
FEDYDLQKLVDYIDWKPFFDVWQLRGKYPNRGFPKIFNDKTVGGEARKVYDDAHNMLNTL
ISQKKLRARGVVGFWPAQSIQDDIHLYAEAAVPQAAEPIATFYGLRQQAEKDSASTEPYY
CLSDFIAPLHSGIRDYLGLFAVACFGVEELSKAYEDDGDDYSSIMVKALGDRLAEAFAEE
LHERVRRELWAYCGSEQLDVADLRRLRYKGIRPAPGYPSQPDHTEKLTMWRLADIEQSTG
IRLTESLAMAPASAVSGLYFSNLKSKYFAVGKISKDQVEDYALRKNISVAEVEKWLGPIL
GYDTD
Enzyme 41 Number of Residues 1265
Enzyme 41 Molecular Weight 140525.9
Enzyme 41 Theoretical pI 5.27
Enzyme 41 GO Classification
Function
  • S-methyltransferase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • cobalamin binding
  • homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity
  • ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • methionine synthase activity
  • methyltransferase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups
  • transition metal ion binding
  • vitamin binding
  • zinc ion binding
Process
  • cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
  • cellular amino acid metabolic process
  • cellular aromatic compound metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • methionine biosynthetic process
  • pteridine and derivative metabolic process
  • sulfur amino acid biosynthetic process
  • sulfur amino acid metabolic process
Component
  • cell part
  • intracellular
Enzyme 41 General Function Involved in cobalamin binding
Enzyme 41 Specific Function Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methyl- cobalamin to homocysteine, yielding enzyme-bound cob(I)alamin and methionine. Subsequently, remethylates the cofactor using methyltetrahydrofolate
Enzyme 41 Pathways
Enzyme 41 Reactions
  • 5-methyltetrahydrofolate + L-homocysteine = tetrahydrofolate + L-methionine [RN:R00946]
Enzyme 41 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 41 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 41 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 41 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 41 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 41 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q99707 Link Image
Enzyme 41 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name METH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 41 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 41 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 41 Gene Sequence >3798 bp
ATGTCACCCGCGCTCCAAGACCTGTCGCAACCCGAAGGTCTGAAGAAAACCCTGCGGGAT
GAGATCAATGCCATTCTGCAGAAGAGGATTATGGTGCTGGATGGAGGGATGGGGACCATG
ATCCAGCGGGAGAAGCTAAACGAAGAACACTTCCGAGGTCAGGAATTTAAAGATCATGCC
AGGCCGCTGAAAGGCAACAATGACATTTTAAGTATAACTCAGCCTGATGTCATTTACCAA
ATCCATAAGGAATACTTGCTGGCTGGGGCAGATATCATTGAAACAAATACTTTTAGCAGC
ACTAGTATTGCCCAAGCTGACTATGGCCTTGAACACTTGGCCTACCGGATGAACATGTGC
TCTGCAGGAGTGGCCAGAAAAGCTGCCGAGGAGGTAACTCTCCAGACAGGAATTAAGAGG
TTTGTGGCAGGGGCTCTGGGTCCGACTAATAAGACACTCTCTGTGTCCCCATCTGTGGAA
AGGCCGGATTATAGGAACATCACATTTGATGAGCTTGTTGAAGCATACCAAGAGCAGGCC
AAAGGACTTCTGGATGGCGGGGTTGATATCTTACTCATTGAAACTATTTTTGATACTGCC
AATGCCAAGGCAGCCTTGTTTGCACTCCAAAATCTTTTTGAGGAGAAATATGCTCCCCGG
CCTATCTTTATTTCAGGGACGATCGTTGATAAAAGTGGGCGGACTCTTTCCGGACAGACA
GGAGAGGGATTTGTCATCAGCGTGTCTCATGGAGAACCACTCTGCATTGGATTAAATTGT
GCTTTGGGTGCAGCTGAGATGAGACCTTTTATTGAAATAATTGGAAAATGTACAACAGCC
TATGTCCTCTGTTATCCCAATGCAGGTCTTCCCAACACCTTTGGTGACTATGATGAAACG
CCTTCTATGATGGCCAAGCACCTAAAGGATTTTGCTATGGATGGCTTGGTCAATATAGTT
GGAGGATGCTGTGGGTCAACACCAGATCATATCAGGGAAATTGCTGAAGCTGTGAAAAAT
TGTAAGCCTAGAGTTCCACCTGCCACTGCTTTTGAAGGACATATGTTACTGTCTGGTCTA
GAGCCCTTCAGGATTGGACCGTACACCAACTTTGTTAACATTGGAGAGCGCTGTAATGTT
GCAGGATCAAGGAAGTTTGCTAAACTCATCATGGCAGGAAACTATGAAGAAGCCTTGTGT
GTTGCCAAAGTGCAGGTGGAAATGGGAGCCCAGGTGTTGGATGTCAACATGGATGATGGC
ATGCTAGATGGTCCAAGTGCAATGACCAGATTTTGCAACTTAATTGCTTCCGAGCCAGAC
ATCGCAAAGGTACCTTTGTGCATCGACTCCTCCAATTTTGCTGTGATTGAAGCTGGGTTA
AAGTGCTGCCAAGGGAAGTGCATTGTCAATAGCATTAGTCTGAAGGAAGGAGAGGACGAC
TTCTTGGAGAAGGCCAGGAAGATTAAAAAGTATGGAGCTGCTATGGTGGTCATGGCTTTT
GATGAAGAAGGACAGGCAACAGAAACAGACACAAAAATCAGAGTGTGCACCCGGGCCTAC
CATCTGCTTGTGAAAAAACTGGGCTTTAATCCAAATGACATTATTTTTGACCCTAATATC
CTAACCATTGGGACTGGAATGGAGGAACACAACTTGTATGCCATTAATTTTATCCATGCA
ACAAAAGTCATTAAAGAAACATTACCTGGAGCCAGAATAAGTGGAGGTCTTTCCAACTTG
TCCTTCTCCTTCCGAGGAATGGAAGCCATTCGAGAAGCAATGCATGGGGTTTTCCTTTAC
CATGCAATCAAGTCTGGCATGGACATGGGGATAGTGAATGCTGGAAACCTCCCTGTGTAT
GATGATATCCATAAGGAACTTCTGCAGCTCTGTGAAGATCTCATCTGGAATAAAGACCCT
GAGGCCACTGAGAAGCTCTTACGTTATGCCCAGACTCAAGGCACAGGAGGGAAGAAAGTC
ATTCAGACTGATGAGTGGAGAAATGGCCCTGTCGAAGAACGCCTTGAGTATGCCCTTGTG
AAGGGCATTGAAAAACATATTATTGAGGATACTGAGGAAGCCAGGTTAAACCAAAAAAAA
TATCCCCGACCTCTCAATATAATTGAAGGACCCCTGATGAATGGAATGAAAATTGTTGGT
GATCTTTTTGGAGCTGGAAAAATGTTTCTACCTCAGGTTATAAAGTCAGCCCGGGTTATG
AAGAAGGCTGTTGGCCACCTTATCCCTTTCATGGAAAAAGAAAGAGAAGAAACCAGAGTG
CTTAACGGCACAGTAGAAGAAGAGGACCCTTACCAGGGCACCATCGTGCTGGCCACTGTT
AAAGGCGACGTGCACGACATAGGCAAGAACATAGTTGGAGTAGTCCTTGGCTGCAATAAT
TTCCGAGTTATTGATTTAGGAGTCATGACTCCATGTGATAAGATACTGAAAGCTGCTCTT
GACCACAAAGCAGATATAATTGGCCTGTCAGGACTCATCACTCCTTCCCTGGATGAAATG
ATTTTTGTTGCCAAGGAAATGGAGAGATTAGCTATAAGGATTCCATTGTTGATTGGAGGA
GCAACCACTTCAAAAACCCACACAGCAGTTAAAATAGCTCCGAGATACAGTGCACCTGTA
ATCCATGTCCTGGACGCGTCCAAGAGTGTGGTGGTGTGTTCCCAGCTGTTAGATGAAAAT
CTAAAGGATGAATACTTTGAGGAAATCATGGAAGAATATGAAGATATTAGACAGGACCAT
TATGAGTCTCTCAAGGAGAGGAGATACTTACCCTTAAGTCAAGCCAGAAAAAGTGGTTTC
CAAATGGATTGGCTGTCTGAACCTCACCCAGTGAAGCCCACGTTTATTGGGACCCAGGTC
TTTGAAGACTATGACCTGCAGAAGCTGGTGGACTACATTGACTGGAAGCCTTTCTTTGAT
GTCTGGCAGCTCCGGGGCAAGTACCCGAATCGAGGCTTCCCCAAGATATTTAACGACAAA
ACAGTAGGTGGAGAGGCCAGGAAGGTCTACGATGATGCCCACAATATGCTGAACACACTG
ATTAGTCAAAAGAAACTCCGGGCCCGGGGTGTGGTTGGGTTCTGGCCAGCACAGAGTATC
CAAGACGACATTCACCTGTACGCAGAGGCTGCTGTGCCCCAGGCTGCAGAGCCCATAGCC
ACTTTCTATGGGTTAAGGCAACAGGCTGAGAAGGACTCTGCCAGCACGGAGCCATACTAC
TGCCTCTCAGACTTCATCGCTCCCTTGCATTCTGGCATCCGTGACTACCTGGGCCTGTTT
GCCGTTGCCTGCTTTGGGGTAGAAGAGCTGAGCAAGGCCTATGAGGATGATGGTGACGAC
TACAGCAGCATCATGGTCAAGGCGCTGGGGGACCGGCTGGCAGAGGCCTTTGCAGAAGAG
CTCCATGAAAGAGTTCGCCGAGAACTGTGGGCCTACTGTGGCAGTGAGCAGCTGGACGTC
GCAGACCTGCGAAGGTTGCGGTACAAGGGCATCCGCCCGGCTCCTGGCTACCCCAGCCAG
CCCGACCACACCGAGAAGCTCACCATGTGGAGACTCGCAGACATCGAGCAGTCTACAGGC
ATTAGGTTAACAGAATCATTAGCAATGGCACCTGCTTCAGCAGTCTCAGGCCTCTACTTC
TCCAATTTGAAGTCCAAATATTTTGCTGTGGGGAAGATTTCCAAGGATCAGGTTGAGGAT
TATGCATTGAGGAAGAACATATCTGTGGCTGAGGTTGAGAAATGGCTTGGACCCATTTTG
GGATATGATACAGACTAA
Enzyme 41 GenBank Gene ID U71285 Link Image
Enzyme 41 GeneCard ID MTR Link Image
Enzyme 41 GenAtlas ID MTR Link Image
Enzyme 41 HGNC ID HGNC:7468 Link Image
Enzyme 41 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 41 Locus 1q43
Enzyme 41 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 41 General References
  1. Leclerc D, Campeau E, Goyette P, Adjalla CE, Christensen B, Ross M, Eydoux P, Rosenblatt DS, Rozen R, Gravel RA: Human methionine synthase: cDNA cloning and identification of mutations in patients of the cblG complementation group of folate/cobalamin disorders. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Dec;5(12):1867-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Li YN, Gulati S, Baker PJ, Brody LC, Banerjee R, Kruger WD: Cloning, mapping and RNA analysis of the human methionine synthase gene. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Dec;5(12):1851-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chen LH, Liu ML, Hwang HY, Chen LS, Korenberg J, Shane B: Human methionine synthase. cDNA cloning, gene localization, and expression. J Biol Chem. 1997 Feb 7;272(6):3628-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gulati S, Baker P, Li YN, Fowler B, Kruger W, Brody LC, Banerjee R: Defects in human methionine synthase in cblG patients. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Dec;5(12):1859-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Doolin MT, Barbaux S, McDonnell M, Hoess K, Whitehead AS, Mitchell LE: Maternal genetic effects, exerted by genes involved in homocysteine remethylation, influence the risk of spina bifida. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Nov;71(5):1222-6. Epub 2002 Oct 9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. O'Leary VB, Mills JL, Pangilinan F, Kirke PN, Cox C, Conley M, Weiler A, Peng K, Shane B, Scott JM, Parle-McDermott A, Molloy AM, Brody LC: Analysis of methionine synthase reductase polymorphisms for neural tube defects risk association. Mol Genet Metab. 2005 Jul;85(3):220-7. Epub 2005 Mar 17. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 41 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 42 [top]
Enzyme 42 ID 5393
Enzyme 42 Name Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
Enzyme 42 Synonyms
  1. Monoamine oxidase type B
  2. MAO-B
Enzyme 42 Gene Name MAOB
Enzyme 42 Protein Sequence >Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
MSNKCDVVVVGGGISGMAAAKLLHDSGLNVVVLEARDRVGGRTYTLRNQKVKYVDLGGSY
VGPTQNRILRLAKELGLETYKVNEVERLIHHVKGKSYPFRGPFPPVWNPITYLDHNNFWR
TMDDMGREIPSDAPWKAPLAEEWDNMTMKELLDKLCWTESAKQLATLFVNLCVTAETHEV
SALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIISTTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDRVKLERPVIYIDQ
TRENVLVETLNHEMYEAKYVISAIPPTLGMKIHFNPPLPMMRNQMITRVPLGSVIKCIVY
YKEPFWRKKDYCGTMIIDGEEAPVAYTLDDTKPEGNYAAIMGFILAHKARKLARLTKEER
LKKLCELYAKVLGSLEALEPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTTYFPPGILTQYGRVLRQPVDR
IYFAGTETATHWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREILHAMGKIPEDEIWQSEPESVDVPAQPITTT
FLERHLPSVPGLLRLIGLTTIFSATALGFLAHKRGLLVRV
Enzyme 42 Number of Residues 520
Enzyme 42 Molecular Weight 58762.5
Enzyme 42 Theoretical pI 7.55
Enzyme 42 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 42 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 42 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOB preferentially degrades benzylamine and phenylethylamine
Enzyme 42 Pathways
Enzyme 42 Reactions
  • RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2 [RN:R01853]
Enzyme 42 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 42 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 42 Transmembrane Regions
  • 490-516
Enzyme 42 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 42 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 42 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P27338 Link Image
Enzyme 42 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AOFB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 42 PDB ID 2BK3 Link Image
Enzyme 42 PDB File Show
Enzyme 42 3D Structure
Enzyme 42 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 42 Gene Sequence >1560 bp
ATGAGCAACAAATGCGACGTGGTCGTGGTGGGGGGCGGCATCTCAGGTATGGCAGCAGCC
AAACTTCTGCATGACTCTGGACTGAATGTGGTTGTTCTGGAAGCCCGGGACCGTGTGGGA
GGCAGGACTTACACTCTTAGGAACCAAAAGGTTAAATATGTGGACCTTGGAGGATCCTAT
GTTGGACCAACCCAGAATCGTATCTTGAGATTAGCCAAGGAGCTAGGATTGGAGACCTAC
AAAGTGAATGAGGTTGAGCGTCTGATCCACCATGTAAAGGGCAAATCATACCCCTTCAGG
GGGCCATTCCCACCTGTATGGAATCCAATTACCTACTTAGATCATAACAACTTTTGGAGG
ACAATGGATGACATGGGGCGAGAGATTCCGAGTGATGCCCCATGGAAGGCTCCCCTTGCA
GAAGAGTGGGACAACATGACAATGAAGGAGCTACTGGACAAGCTCTGCTGGACTGAATCT
GCAAAGCAGCTTGCCACTCTCTTTGTGAACCTGTGTGTCACTGCAGAGACCCATGAGGTC
TCTGCTCTCTGGTTCCTGTGGTATGTGAAGCAGTGTGGAGGCACAACAAGAATCATCTCG
ACAACAAATGGAGGACAGGAGAGGAAATTTGTGGGCGGATCTGGTCAAGTGAGTGAGCGG
ATAATGGACCTCCTTGGAGACCGAGTGAAGCTGGAGAGGCCTGTGATCTACATTGACCAG
ACAAGAGAAAATGTCCTTGTGGAGACCCTAAACCATGAGATGTATGAGGCTAAATATGTG
ATTAGTGCTATTCCTCCTACTCTGGGCATGAAGATTCACTTCAATCCCCCTCTGCCAATG
ATGAGAAACCAGATGATCACTCGTGTGCCTTTGGGTTCAGTCATCAAGTGTATAGTTTAT
TATAAAGAGCCTTTCTGGAGGAAAAAGGATTACTGTGGAACCATGATTATTGATGGAGAA
GAAGCTCCAGTTGCCTACACGTTGGATGATACCAAACCTGAAGGCAACTATGCTGCCATA
ATGGGATTTATCCTGGCCCACAAAGCCAGAAAACTGGCACGTCTTACCAAAGAGGAAAGG
TTGAAGAAACTTTGTGAACTCTATGCCAAGGTTCTGGGTTCCCTAGAAGCTCTGGAGCCA
GTGCATTATGAAGAAAAGAACTGGTGTGAGGAGCAGTACTCTGGGGGCTGCTACACAACT
TATTTCCCCCCTGGGATCCTGACTCAATATGGAAGGGTTCTACGCCAGCCAGTGGACAGG
ATTTACTTTGCAGGCACCGAGACTGCCACACACTGGAGCGGCTACATGGAGGGGGCTGTA
GAGGCCGGGGAGAGAGCAGCCCGAGAGATCCTGCATGCCATGGGGAAGATTCCAGAGGAT
GAAATCTGGCAGTCAGAACCAGAGTCTGTGGATGTCCCTGCACAGCCCATCACCACCACC
TTTTTGGAGAGACATTTGCCCTCCGTGCCAGGCCTGCTCAGGCTGATTGGATTGACCACC
ATCTTTTCAGCAACGGCTCTTGGCTTCCTGGCCCACAAAAGGGGGCTACTTGTGAGAGTC
Enzyme 42 GenBank Gene ID S62734 Link Image
Enzyme 42 GeneCard ID MAOB Link Image
Enzyme 42 GenAtlas ID MAOB Link Image
Enzyme 42 HGNC ID HGNC:6834 Link Image
Enzyme 42 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 42 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 42 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 42 General References
  1. Grimsby J, Chen K, Wang LJ, Lan NC, Shih JC: Human monoamine oxidase A and B genes exhibit identical exon-intron organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 1;88(9):3637-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bach AW, Lan NC, Johnson DL, Abell CW, Bembenek ME, Kwan SW, Seeburg PH, Shih JC: cDNA cloning of human liver monoamine oxidase A and B: molecular basis of differences in enzymatic properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4934-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chen K, Wu HF, Shih JC: The deduced amino acid sequences of human platelet and frontal cortex monoamine oxidase B are identical. J Neurochem. 1993 Jul;61(1):187-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, Scherer S, McLay K, Muzny D, Platzer M, Howell GR, Burrows C, Bird CP, Frankish A, Lovell FL, Howe KL, Ashurst JL, Fulton RS, Sudbrak R, Wen G, Jones MC, Hurles ME, Andrews TD, Scott CE, Searle S, Ramser J, Whittaker A, Deadman R, Carter NP, Hunt SE, Chen R, Cree A, Gunaratne P, Havlak P, Hodgson A, Metzker ML, Richards S, Scott G, Steffen D, Sodergren E, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Ainscough R, Ambrose KD, Ansari-Lari MA, Aradhya S, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Ballabio A, Banerjee R, Barker GE, Barlow KF, Barrett IP, Bates KN, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Beck A, Bethel G, Blechschmidt K, Brady N, Bray-Allen S, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Brown MJ, Bonnin D, Bruford EA, Buhay C, Burch P, Burford D, Burgess J, Burrill W, Burton J, Bye JM, Carder C, Carrel L, Chako J, Chapman JC, Chavez D, Chen E, Chen G, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chinault C, Ciccodicola A, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Clifford K, Cobley V, Cole CG, Conquer JS, Corby N, Connor RE, David R, Davies J, Davis C, Davis J, Delgado O, Deshazo D, Dhami P, Ding Y, Dinh H, Dodsworth S, Draper H, Dugan-Rocha S, Dunham A, Dunn M, Durbin KJ, Dutta I, Eades T, Ellwood M, Emery-Cohen A, Errington H, Evans KL, Faulkner L, Francis F, Frankland J, Fraser AE, Galgoczy P, Gilbert J, Gill R, Glockner G, Gregory SG, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gu Y, Gwilliam R, Hamilton C, Hart EA, Hawes A, Heath PD, Heitmann K, Hennig S, Hernandez J, Hinzmann B, Ho S, Hoffs M, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hume J, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Isherwood J, Jacob L, Johnson D, Jones S, de Jong PJ, Joseph SS, Keenan S, Kelly S, Kershaw JK, Khan Z, Kioschis P, Klages S, Knights AJ, Kosiura A, Kovar-Smith C, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leversha M, Lewis L, Liu W, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loulseged H, Loveland JE, Lovell JD, Lozado R, Lu J, Lyne R, Ma J, Maheshwari M, Matthews LH, McDowall J, McLaren S, McMurray A, Meidl P, Meitinger T, Milne S, Miner G, Mistry SL, Morgan M, Morris S, Muller I, Mullikin JC, Nguyen N, Nordsiek G, Nyakatura G, O'Dell CN, Okwuonu G, Palmer S, Pandian R, Parker D, Parrish J, Pasternak S, Patel D, Pearce AV, Pearson DM, Pelan SE, Perez L, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Reichwald K, Rhodes S, Ridler KA, Schlessinger D, Schueler MG, Sehra HK, Shaw-Smith C, Shen H, Sheridan EM, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Sotheran EC, Steingruber HE, Steward CA, Storey R, Swann RM, Swarbreck D, Tabor PE, Taudien S, Taylor T, Teague B, Thomas K, Thorpe A, Timms K, Tracey A, Trevanion S, Tromans AC, d'Urso M, Verduzco D, Villasana D, Waldron L, Wall M, Wang Q, Warren J, Warry GL, Wei X, West A, Whitehead SL, Whiteley MN, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams G, Williams L, Williamson A, Williamson H, Wilming L, Woodmansey RL, Wray PW, Yen J, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zoghbi H, Zorilla S, Buck D, Reinhardt R, Poustka A, Rosenthal A, Lehrach H, Meindl A, Minx PJ, Hillier LW, Willard HF, Wilson RK, Waterston RH, Rice CM, Vaudin M, Coulson A, Nelson DL, Weinstock G, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Gibbs RA, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature. 2005 Mar 17;434(7031):325-37. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Zhu QS, Grimsby J, Chen K, Shih JC: Promoter organization and activity of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B genes. J Neurosci. 1992 Nov;12(11):4437-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Newton-Vinson P, Hubalek F, Edmondson DE: High-level expression of human liver monoamine oxidase B in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif. 2000 Nov;20(2):334-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Cesura AM, Gottowik J, Lahm HW, Lang G, Imhof R, Malherbe P, Rothlisberger U, Da Prada M: Investigation on the structure of the active site of monoamine oxidase-B by affinity labeling with the selective inhibitor lazabemide and by site-directed mutagenesis. Eur J Biochem. 1996 Mar 15;236(3):996-1002. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Wu HF, Chen K, Shih JC: Site-directed mutagenesis of monoamine oxidase A and B: role of cysteines. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):888-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Binda C, Newton-Vinson P, Hubalek F, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Structure of human monoamine oxidase B, a drug target for the treatment of neurological disorders. Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Jan;9(1):22-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Binda C, Li M, Hubalek F, Restelli N, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Insights into the mode of inhibition of human mitochondrial monoamine oxidase B from high-resolution crystal structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 19;100(17):9750-5. Epub 2003 Aug 11. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Binda C, Hubalek F, Li M, Herzig Y, Sterling J, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Crystal structures of monoamine oxidase B in complex with four inhibitors of the N-propargylaminoindan class. J Med Chem. 2004 Mar 25;47(7):1767-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Hubalek F, Binda C, Khalil A, Li M, Mattevi A, Castagnoli N, Edmondson DE: Demonstration of isoleucine 199 as a structural determinant for the selective inhibition of human monoamine oxidase B by specific reversible inhibitors. J Biol Chem. 2005 Apr 22;280(16):15761-6. Epub 2005 Feb 14. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Binda C, Hubalek F, Li M, Herzig Y, Sterling J, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Binding of rasagiline-related inhibitors to human monoamine oxidases: a kinetic and crystallographic analysis. J Med Chem. 2005 Dec 29;48(26):8148-54. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 42 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 43 [top]
Enzyme 43 ID 5394
Enzyme 43 Name NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial
Enzyme 43 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-75kD
  2. CI-75kD
Enzyme 43 Gene Name NDUFS1
Enzyme 43 Protein Sequence >NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial
MLRIPVRKALVGLSKSPKGCVRTTATAASNLIEVFVDGQSVMVEPGTTVLQACEKVGMQI
PRFCYHERLSVAGNCRMCLVEIEKAPKVVAACAMPVMKGWNILTNSEKSKKAREGVMEFL
LANHPLDCPICDQGGECDLQDQSMMFGNDRSRFLEGKRAVEDKNIGPLVKTIMTRCIQCT
RCIRFASEIAGVDDLGTTGRGNDMQVGTYIEKMFMSELSGNIIDICPVGALTSKPYAFTA
RPWETRKTESIDVMDAVGSNIVVSTRTGEVMRILPRMHEDINEEWISDKTRFAYDGLKRQ
RLTEPMVRNEKGLLTYTSWEDALSRVAGMLQSFQGKDVAAIAGGLVDAEALVALKDLLNR
VDSDTLCTEEVFPTAGAGTDLRSNYLLNTTIAGVEEADVVLLVGTNPRFEAPLFNARIRK
SWLHNDLKVALIGSPVDLTYTYDHLGDSPKILQDIASGSHPFSQVLKEAKKPMVVLGSSA
LQRNDGAAILAAVSSIAQKIRMTSGVTGDWKVMNILHRIASQVAALDLGYKPGVEAIRKN
PPKVLFLLGADGGCITRQDLPKDCFIIYQGHHGDVGAPIADVILPGAAYTEKSATYVNTE
GRAQQTKVAVTPPGLAREDWKIIRALSEIAGMTLPYDTLDQVRNRLEEVSPNLVRYDDIE
GANYFQQANELSKLVNQQLLADPLVPPQLTIKDFYMTDSISRASQTMAKCVKAVTEGAQA
VEEPSIC
Enzyme 43 Number of Residues 727
Enzyme 43 Molecular Weight 79466.8
Enzyme 43 Theoretical pI 6.11
Enzyme 43 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • electron carrier activity
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
  • cellular metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • respiratory electron transport chain
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
Enzyme 43 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 43 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. This is the largest subunit of complex I and it is a component of the iron-sulfur (IP) fragment of the enzyme. It may form part of the active site crevice where NADH is oxidized
Enzyme 43 Pathways
Enzyme 43 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor [RN:R00281]
Enzyme 43 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 43 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 43 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 43 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 43 GenBank ID Protein 38079 Link Image
Enzyme 43 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P28331 Link Image
Enzyme 43 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUS1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 43 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 43 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 43 Gene Sequence >2184 bp
ATGTTAAGGATACCTGTAAGAAGGGCCTTAGTAGGCCTTTCTAAGTCTCCTAAAGGATGT
GTTCGAACAACTGCCACAGCAGCAAGCAACTTGATTGAAGTATTTGTTGATGGTCAGTCT
GTCATGGTGGAACCGGGAACGACCGTCCTCCAAGCTTGTGAGAAGGTTGGCATGCAGATC
CCTCGATTCTGTTATCATGAAAGGTTGTCTGTTGCTGGAAACTGCAGGATGTGCCTTGTT
GAAATTGAGAAAGCCCCTAAGGTTGTAGCTGCTTGTGCCATGCCAGTAATGAAGGGTTGG
AATATCCTAACAAACTCAGAAAAATCCAAAAAGGCCAGGGAAGGTGTGATGGAGTTCTTA
TTAGCAAATCACCCATTGGACTGTCCTATTTGTGACCAGGGAGGTGAATGTGATCTGCAG
GACCAGTCCATGATGTTTGGAAATGATAGGAGCCGATTTTTAGAGGGGAAGCGTGCTGTG
GAAGACAAGAACATTGGGCCATTGGTAAAGACCATCATGACAAGATGTATACAGTGTACT
CGCTGCATCAGGTTTGCAAGTGAGATTGCAGGAGTAGATGATTTGGGAACAACAGGCAGA
GGAAATGATATGCAAGTTGGCACATACATTGAAAAGATGTTCATGTCTGAACTGTCTGGG
AATATCATTGATATCTGCCCTGTAGGTGCCCTAACCTCTAAGCCCTATGCCTTTACTGCC
CGGCCTTGGGAAACAAGAAAGACAGAATCCATTGATGTAATGGATGCGGTTGGAAGTAAT
ATTGTGGTTAGCACAAGAACTGGAGAAGTGATGAGGATTTTGCCACGTATGCATGAGGAC
ATCAATGAAGAGTGGATCTCTGATAAAACCAGATTTGCCTATGATGGGCTAAAACGTCAA
AGACTTACCGAGCCAATGGTCAGAAATGAAAAAGGGCTTTTAACCTATACTTCTTGGGAG
GATGCTCTCTCTCGCGTAGCTGGAATGTTGCAGAGTTTTCAAGGCAAAGATGTGGCAGCA
ATTGCAGGTGGCTTGGTGGATGCTGAAGCCCTGGTAGCTCTCAAAGATTTGCTTAATAGA
GTGGACTCTGACACCTTATGCACTGAAGAGGTCTTCCCCACTGCAGGAGCTGGCACAGAT
TTGCGTTCCAATTATCTTCTTAATACTACAATTGCTGGTGTGGAAGAGGCAGATGTTGTT
CTTCTGGTTGGTACAAACCCACGTTTTGAGGCACCACTGTTTAATGCATGGATTCGAAAG
AGCTGGCTGCATAATGACTTAAAAGTGGCCCTTATAGGCAGTCCAGTGGACCTCACTTAC
ACATATGACCACCTGGGAGACTCCCCCAAAATTCTTCAAGACATTGCTTCGGGAAGCCAT
CCATTTAGCCAGGTCCTAAAGGAAGCTAAAAAACCAATGGTGGTTTTAGGCAGTTCTGCA
CTCCAAAGAAATGATGGAGCAGCAATTCTTGCAGCTGTTTCTAGCATTGCACAAAAGATT
CGGATGACTAGTGGTGTTACTGGTGATTGGAAAGTTATGAATATCCTTCATAGGATTGCA
AGTCAAGTAGCTGCTTTGGACCTTGGCTATAAGCCTGGGGTGGAAGCAATTCGGAAGAAC
CCTCCCAAGGTGCTGTTTCTCCTGGGAGCAGATGGAGGTTGTATCACACGACAGGATTTG
CCAAAGGATTGTTTCATTATTTATCAAGGACATCATGGTGATGTTGGGGCTCCCATAGCT
GATGTTATTCTCCCAGGAGCTGCTTACACAGAGAAGTCTGCTACATATGTCAACACTGAG
GGTAGAGCTCAGCAGACTAAGGTAGCAGTGACACCTCCTGGCTTGGCAAGAGAAGACTGG
AAAATTATAAGAGCACTCTCTGAGATTGCTGGAATGACTCTTCCATATGATACTCTGGAT
CAAGTAAGGAACAGATTGGAAGAATTCTCTCCTAATCTTGTTCGATATGATGATATTGAA
GGGGCTAATTACTTCCAGCAAGCAAATGAGCTCTCAAAGCTAGTGAACCAGCAGCTTCTT
GCTGACCCACTTGTTCCACCTCAGCTAACTCTAAAAGACTTCTACATGACAGATTCGATT
AGCAGAGCCTCACAGACAATGGCCAAATGTGTCAAAGCTGTCACAGAGGGTGCCCAGGCA
GTAGAGGAACCATCCATATGCTGA
Enzyme 43 GenBank Gene ID X61100 Link Image
Enzyme 43 GeneCard ID NDUFS1 Link Image
Enzyme 43 GenAtlas ID NDUFS1 Link Image
Enzyme 43 HGNC ID HGNC:7707 Link Image
Enzyme 43 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 43 Locus 2q33-q34
Enzyme 43 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 43 General References
  1. Chow W, Ragan I, Robinson BH: Determination of the cDNA sequence for the human mitochondrial 75-kDa Fe-S protein of NADH-coenzyme Q reductase. Eur J Biochem. 1991 Nov 1;201(3):547-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Benit P, Chretien D, Kadhom N, de Lonlay-Debeney P, Cormier-Daire V, Cabral A, Peudenier S, Rustin P, Munnich A, Rotig A: Large-scale deletion and point mutations of the nuclear NDUFV1 and NDUFS1 genes in mitochondrial complex I deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1344-52. Epub 2001 May 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 43 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 44 [top]
Enzyme 44 ID 5395
Enzyme 44 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial
Enzyme 44 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-SGDH
  2. CI-SGDH
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase SGDH subunit
Enzyme 44 Gene Name NDUFB5
Enzyme 44 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial
MAAMSLLRRVSVTAVAALSGRPLGTRLGFGGFLTRGFPKAAAPVRHSGDHGKRLFVIRPS
RFYDRRFLKLLRFYIALTGIPVAIFITLVNVFIGQAELAEIPEGYVPEHWEYYKHPISRW
IARNFYDSPEKIYERTMAVLQIEAEKAELRVKELEVRKLMHVRGDGPWYYYETIDKELID
HSPKATPDN
Enzyme 44 Number of Residues 189
Enzyme 44 Molecular Weight 21750.0
Enzyme 44 Theoretical pI 10.02
Enzyme 44 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 44 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 44 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 44 Pathways
Enzyme 44 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 44 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 44 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 44 Transmembrane Regions
  • 73-93
Enzyme 44 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 44 GenBank ID Protein 2909854 Link Image
Enzyme 44 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O43674 Link Image
Enzyme 44 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUB5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 44 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 44 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 44 Gene Sequence >570 bp
ATGGCGGCCATGAGTTTGTTGCGGCGGGTTTCGGTTACTGCGGTGGCAGCTCTGTCTGGC
CGGCCCCTTGGCACTCGCCTCGGATTTGGGGGCTTCCTCACTCGTGGCTTTCCGAAGGCT
GCTGCTCCTGTTCGACACAGTGGAGACCATGGGAAAAGACTATTTGTCATCAGACCTTCT
AGATTCTATGACAGGCGTTTTTTGAAGTTATTGAGATTCTACATTGCATTGACTGGGATT
CCAGTAGCAATTTTCATAACTCTGGTGAATGTATTCATTGGTCAAGCTGAACTAGCAGAA
ATTCCAGAAGGCTATGTCCCAGAACACTGGGAATATTATAAGCATCCCATATCAAGATGG
ATTGCCCGTAATTTCTATGATAGTCCTGAAAAGATATATGAAAGAACAATGGCCGTCCTT
CAGATTGAAGCTGAAAAGGCTGAATTACGGGTAAAGGAGCTGGAAGTGCGAAAATTGATG
CATGTGAGAGGAGATGGACCCTGGTATTACTATGAGACAATTGACAAGGAACTTATTGAT
CATTCTCCGAAAGCAACTCCTGACAATTAA
Enzyme 44 GenBank Gene ID AF047181 Link Image
Enzyme 44 GeneCard ID NDUFB5 Link Image
Enzyme 44 GenAtlas ID NDUFB5 Link Image
Enzyme 44 HGNC ID HGNC:7700 Link Image
Enzyme 44 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 44 Locus 3q26.33
Enzyme 44 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 44 General References
  1. Ton C, Hwang DM, Dempsey AA, Liew CC: Identification and primary structure of five human NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunits. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Dec 18;241(2):589-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 44 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 45 [top]
Enzyme 45 ID 5396
Enzyme 45 Name Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2
Enzyme 45 Synonyms
  1. 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanoyl-CoA 24-hydroxylase
  2. 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanoyl-CoA oxidase
  3. Trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase
  4. THCA-CoA oxidase
  5. THCCox
Enzyme 45 Gene Name ACOX2
Enzyme 45 Protein Sequence >Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2
MGSPVHRVSLGDTWSRQMHPDIESERYMQSFDVERLTNILDGGAQNTALRRKVESIIHSY
PEFSCKDNYFMTQNERYKAAMRRAFHIRLIARRLGWLEDGRELGYAYRALSGDVALNIHR
VFVRALRSLGSEEQIAKWDPLCKNIQIIATYAQTELGHGTYLQGLETEATYDAATQEFVI
HSPTLTATKWWPGDLGRSATHALVQAQLICSGARRGMHAFIVPIRSLQDHTPLPGIIIGD
IGPKMDFDQTDNGFLQLNHVRVPRENMLSRFAQVLPDGTYVKLGTAQSNYLPMVVVRVEL
LSGEILPILQKACVIAMRYSVIRRQSRLRPSDPEAKVLDYQTQQQKLFPQLAISYAFHFL
AVSLLEFFQHSYTAILNQDFSFLPELHALSTGMKAMMSEFCTQGAEMCRRACGGHGYSKL
SGLPSLVTKLSASCTYEGENTVLYLQVARFLVKSYLQTQMSPGSTPQRSLSPSVAYLTAP
DLARCPAQRAADFLCPELYTTAWAHVAVRLIKDSVQHLQTLTQSGADQHEAWNQTTVIHL
QAAKVHCYYVTVKGFTEALEKLENEPAIQQVLKRLCDLHAIHGILTNSGDFLHDAFLSGA
QVDMARTAYLDLLRLIRKDAILLTDAFDFTDQCLNSALGCYDGNVYERLFQWAQKSPTNT
QENPAYEEYIRPLLQSWRSKL
Enzyme 45 Number of Residues 681
Enzyme 45 Molecular Weight 76826.1
Enzyme 45 Theoretical pI 7.59
Enzyme 45 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • acyl-CoA oxidase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • fatty acid beta-oxidation
  • fatty acid catabolic process
  • fatty acid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
  • organic acid metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • oxoacid metabolic process
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • microbody
  • organelle
  • peroxisome
Enzyme 45 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 45 Specific Function Oxidizes the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and tri-hydroxycholestanoic acids
Enzyme 45 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 45 Reactions
  • (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA + H2O + acceptor = (24R,25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26- oyl-CoA + reduced acceptor [RN:R07374]
Enzyme 45 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 45 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 45 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 45 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 45 GenBank ID Protein 1780991 Link Image
Enzyme 45 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q99424 Link Image
Enzyme 45 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACOX2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 45 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 45 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 45 Gene Sequence >2046 bp
ATGGGCAGCCCAGTGCACCGAGTGTCATTGGGGGATACCTGGAGCAGGCAAATGCACCCC
GACATAGAGAGCGAGAGGTATATGCAGTCCTTTGACGTGGAACGGCTCACCAACATCCTT
GATGGAGGTGCCCAGAACACTGCACTCCGCAGGAAAGTTGAGAGCATCATCCACAGTTAC
CCGGAGTTTAGCTGTAAGGACAATTATTTCATGACCCAGAATGAGCGTTATAAGGCTGCC
ATGCGGAGGGCATTCCACATCCGGTTGATAGCTCGGCGCCTGGGTTGGTTAGAAGATGGT
CGTGAATTAGGCTACGCTTACAGAGCCCTTTCTGGAGACGTGGCCTTAAATATACACAGA
GTCTTCGTGAGAGCCCTCAGGAGCCTGGGCTCAGAGGAGCAGATTGCCAAATGGGACCCA
CTCTGCAAAAACATCCAGATCATCGCAACGTATGCACAGACAGAGTTGGGACATGGGACA
TATCTTCAGGGCCTGGAGACTGAAGCCACCTATGACGCAGCCACCCAGGAGTTTGTGATA
CACAGCCCCACGCTGACTGCCACCAAATGGTGGCCTGGAGACTTGGGACGGTCAGCCACC
CATGCCCTGGTCCAGGCCCAGCTGATCTGCTCAGGAGCCAGGCGGGGCATGCACGCTTTT
ATTGTGCCAATCCGGAGTCTTCAGGACCACACCCCACTGCCAGGAATCATCATTGGGGAC
ATCGGACCCAAGATGGACTTTGATCAAACAGACAATGGCTTCCTGCAGCTGAACCATGTG
CGGGTCCCCAGGGAGAACATGCTGAGTCGCTTTGCACAGGTCTTGCCAGATGGCACCTAC
GTCAAACTCGGTACAGCACAGAGCAACTACCTTCCCATGGTGGTGGTGCGGGTGGAGCTG
CTGTCAGGGGAGATCCTCCCTATACTGCAGAAGGCCTGTGTCATCGCCATGCGCTACTCG
GTCATCCGCCGCCAATCCCGGCTCCGGCCCAGTGACCCAGAGGCAAAGGTCCTGGACTAC
CAGACACAACAGCAGAAACTCTTTCCTCAGCTGGCCATCAGTTATGCCTTCCATTTCCTG
GCAGTCAGCCTCTTGGAGTTCTTCCAGCACTCCTACACTGCCATTCTGAACCAAGACTTC
AGCTTCCTGCCTGAGCTCCACGCGCTGAGCACGGGCATGAAGGCCATGATGTCAGAATTC
TGCACCCAGGGAGCTGAGATGTGCCGCAGGGCCTGTGGCGGACATGGCTACTCAAAGCTG
AGTGGCCTGCCATCACTGGTCACCAAATTGTCGGCCTCCTGCACCTACGAGGGTGAGAAC
ACAGTGCTCTACCTGCAGGTGGCCAGGTTCCTGGTGAAGAGCTACCTGCAGACTCAGATG
TCCCCTGGCTCCACGCCACAGAGATCTCTCTCTCCATCTGTCGCATATCTCACCGCACCT
GACCTGGCCAGGTGTCCAGCCCAGAGGGCAGCCGACTTCCTCTGCCCGGAGCTCTACACC
ACGGCCTGGGCACATGTGGCAGTAAGGCTCATAAAGGACTCAGTGCAGCATTTACAGACC
CTGACGCAATCCGGAGCTGACCAGCACGAGGCTTGGAACCAGACCACTGTCATACACCTC
CAGGCTGCTAAGGTGCACTGCTACTATGTCACTGTGAAGGGTTTTACAGAAGCTCTGGAG
AAACTAGAAAATGAACCAGCGATTCAGCAGGTGCTCAAGCGCCTCTGTGACCTCCATGCC
ATACATGGAATCTTGACTAACTCGGGTGACTTTCTCCATGACGCCTTCCTGTCTGGTGCC
CAAGTGGACATGGCAAGAACAGCCTACCTGGACCTGCTCCGCCTGATCCGGAAGGATGCC
ATCCTGTTAACTGATGCTTTTGACTTCACCGATCAGTGTTTAAATTCAGCCCTTGGCTGT
TATGATGGAAACGTCTACGAACGCCTGTTCCAGTGGGCTCAGAAGTCACCAACCAATACT
CAGGAGAACCCTGCCTATGAGGAATATATAAGACCACTTTTACAAAGTTGGAGATCCAAG
CTATGA
Enzyme 45 GenBank Gene ID X95190 Link Image
Enzyme 45 GeneCard ID ACOX2 Link Image
Enzyme 45 GenAtlas ID ACOX2 Link Image
Enzyme 45 HGNC ID HGNC:120 Link Image
Enzyme 45 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 45 Locus 3p14.3
Enzyme 45 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 45 General References
  1. Baumgart E, Vanhooren JC, Fransen M, Marynen P, Puype M, Vandekerckhove J, Leunissen JA, Fahimi HD, Mannaerts GP, van Veldhoven PP: Molecular characterization of the human peroxisomal branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidase: cDNA cloning, chromosomal assignment, tissue distribution, and evidence for the absence of the protein in Zellweger syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 26;93(24):13748-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Kaul R, Wang J, Yu J, Sudbrak R, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Wei S, Wheeler DA, Wright MW, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clendenning J, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Chen R, Chen Z, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Dong W, Draper H, Ernst S, Fu G, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Garcia DK, Gillett W, Gu J, Hao B, Haugen E, Havlak P, He X, Hennig S, Hu S, Huang W, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Kube M, Levy R, Li Z, Liu B, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Palmeiri A, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Phelps KA, Plopper FJ, Qiang B, Raymond C, Rodriguez R, Saenphimmachak C, Santibanez J, Shen H, Shen Y, Subramanian S, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang J, Wang J, Wang Q, Williams GA, Wong GK, Yao Z, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhao G, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Nelson D, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Naylor SL, Yang H, Olson M, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3. Nature. 2006 Apr 27;440(7088):1194-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 45 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 46 [top]
Enzyme 46 ID 5397
Enzyme 46 Name Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 4
Enzyme 46 Synonyms
  1. Dimethylaniline oxidase 4
  2. Hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase 4
  3. FMO 4
Enzyme 46 Gene Name FMO4
Enzyme 46 Protein Sequence >Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 4
MAKKVAVIGAGVSGLSSIKCCVDEDLEPTCFERSDDIGGLWKFTESSKDGMTRVYKSLVT
NVCKEMSCYSDFPFHEDYPNFMNHEKFWDYLQEFAEHFDLLKYIQFKTTVCSITKRPDFS
ETGQWDVVTETEGKQNRAVFDAVMVCTGHFLNPHLPLEAFPGIHKFKGQILHSQEYKIPE
GFQGKRVLVIGLGNTGGDIAVELSRTAAQVLLSTRTGTWVLGRSSDWGYPYNMMVTRRCC
SFIAQVLPSRFLNWIQERKLNKRFNHEDYGLSITKGKKAKFIVNDELPNCILCGAITMKT
SVIEFTETSAVFEDGTVEENIDVVIFTTGYTFSFPFFEEPLKSLCTKKIFLYKQVFPLNL
ERATLAIIGLIGLKGSILSGTELQARWVTRVFKGLCKIPPSQKLMMEATEKEQLIKRGVF
KDTSKDKFDYIAYMDDIAACIGTKPSIPLLFLKDPRLAWEVFFGPCTPYQYRLMGPGKWD
GARNAILTQWDRTLKPLKTRIVPDSSKPASMSHYLKAWGAPVLLASLLLICKSSLFLKLV
RDKLQDRMSPYLVSLWRG
Enzyme 46 Number of Residues 558
Enzyme 46 Molecular Weight 63342.1
Enzyme 46 Theoretical pI 8.59
Enzyme 46 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • intrinsic to organelle membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 46 General Function Involved in flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 46 Specific Function This protein is involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of xenobiotics such as drugs and pesticides
Enzyme 46 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 46 Reactions
  • N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R03344]
Enzyme 46 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 46 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 46 Transmembrane Regions
  • 517-531
Enzyme 46 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 46 GenBank ID Protein 4753758 Link Image
Enzyme 46 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P31512 Link Image
Enzyme 46 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FMO4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 46 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 46 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 46 Gene Sequence >1677 bp
ATGGCCAAGAAAGTTGCAGTGATTGGAGCTGGTGTGAGTGGCCTCTCCTCCATCAAATGC
TGTGTGGATGAGGACCTGGAGCCCACCTGCTTTGAGAGAAGTGATGACATTGGGGGATTA
TGGAAGTTTACTGAATCTTCCAAAGATGGGATGACCAGGGTCTATAAGTCATTAGTGACA
AATGTCTGTAAGGAAATGTCATGTTACAGTGACTTCCCTTTCCACGAAGATTATCCTAAT
TTCATGAACCATGAAAAATTTTGGGACTATCTCCAAGAATTTGCTGAGCACTTTGACCTC
CTGAAATACATTCAGTTTAAGACCACTGTGTGCAGCATAACGAAGCGTCCAGACTTCTCC
GAAACTGGTCAGTGGGATGTTGTCACAGAGACAGAGGGCAAGCAAAATAGAGCTGTCTTT
GATGCTGTTATGGTTTGCACTGGACATTTCCTGAATCCCCATTTACCTTTGGAAGCCTTT
CCTGGAATTCATAAGTTTAAAGGTCAGATCCTGCATAGTCAAGAGTACAAGATCCCAGAA
GGCTTTCAGGGCAAACGCGTCTTGGTGATTGGTCTTGGGAACACTGGAGGAGACATTGCT
GTGGAACTCAGTCGAACGGCAGCTCAGGTACTTCTCAGTACTAGAACTGGTACCTGGGTT
CTTGGGCGCTCTTCAGATTGGGGCTATCCTTATAATATGATGGTTACAAGAAGATGCTGT
AGTTTTATTGCACAAGTTCTGCCTTCACGTTTTCTAAACTGGATTCAAGAAAGGAAGTTG
AATAAGAGATTTAATCATGAGGATTATGGATTAAGTATTACCAAAGGGAAAAAAGCAAAA
TTCATTGTGAATGATGAGCTGCCAAACTGTATCCTCTGTGGGGCAATCACTATGAAAACC
AGCGTGATTGAATTTACAGAAACCTCTGCTGTCTTTGAAGATGGGACAGTGGAAGAAAAC
ATTGATGTTGTGATCTTCACTACAGGATATACATTTTCTTTTCCATTTTTTGAAGAACCT
CTTAAAAGCCTCTGTACAAAGAAGATATTTCTATACAAGCAAGTCTTTCCCTTAAACCTA
GAGAGAGCGACATTAGCCATCATCGGCCTTATCGGCCTTAAAGGATCCATCTTATCAGGC
ACAGAGCTCCAAGCACGATGGGTCACAAGAGTATTCAAAGGACTCTGTAAGATACCTCCA
TCCCAAAAATTGATGATGGAGGCTACTGAAAAGGAACAGCTCATTAAAAGGGGAGTGTTT
AAAGACACCAGCAAAGACAAATTTGACTACATTGCCTACATGGATGATATCGCTGCCTGC
ATAGGCACAAAGCCCAGCATCCCACTTCTGTTCCTCAAGGATCCCAGACTAGCTTGGGAA
GTTTTCTTTGGACCATGTACTCCTTATCAGTACCGCCTCATGGGCCCTGGAAAATGGGAT
GGAGCCAGAAATGCCATCCTGACCCAGTGGGACAGAACATTGAAACCTTTAAAAACTCGA
ATTGTCCCTGATTCCTCCAAGCCTGCCTCCATGTCACATTATTTAAAAGCCTGGGGGGCA
CCTGTCCTACTTGCCTCTCTTCTACTTATCTGTAAATCTTCACTTTTCTTGAAATTGGTG
AGAGATAAACTACAGGACAGAATGTCCCCTTACCTAGTAAGTCTTTGGCGAGGATGA
Enzyme 46 GenBank Gene ID AL031274 Link Image
Enzyme 46 GeneCard ID FMO4 Link Image
Enzyme 46 GenAtlas ID FMO4 Link Image
Enzyme 46 HGNC ID HGNC:3772 Link Image
Enzyme 46 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 46 Locus 1q24.3
Enzyme 46 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 46 General References
  1. Dolphin CT, Shephard EA, Povey S, Smith RL, Phillips IR: Cloning, primary sequence and chromosomal localization of human FMO2, a new member of the flavin-containing mono-oxygenase family. Biochem J. 1992 Oct 1;287 ( Pt 1):261-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Furnes B, Feng J, Sommer SS, Schlenk D: Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Feb;31(2):187-93. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 46 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 47 [top]
Enzyme 47 ID 5398
Enzyme 47 Name Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 47 Synonyms
  1. IVD
Enzyme 47 Gene Name IVD
Enzyme 47 Protein Sequence >Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MATATRLLGWRVASWRLRPPLAGFVSQRAHSLLPVDDAINGLSEEQRQLRQTMAKFLQEH
LAPKAQEIDRSNEFKNLREFWKQLGNLGVLGITAPVQYGGSGLGYLEHVLVMEEISRASG
AVGLSYGAHSNLCINQLVRNGNEAQKEKYLPKLISGEYIGALAMSEPNAGSDVVSMKLKA
EKKGNHYILNGNKFWITNGPDADVLIVYAKTDLAAVPASRGITAFIVEKGMPGFSTSKKL
DKLGMRGSNTCELIFEDCKIPAANILGHENKGVYVLMSGLDLERLVLAGGPLGLMQAVLD
HTIPYLHVREAFGQKIGHFQLMQGKMADMYTRLMACRQYVYNVAKACDEGHCTAKDCAGV
ILYSAECATQVALDGIQCFGGNGYINDFPMGRFLRDAKLYEIGAGTSEVRRLVIGRAFNA
DFH
Enzyme 47 Number of Residues 423
Enzyme 47 Molecular Weight 46319.0
Enzyme 47 Theoretical pI 8.31
Enzyme 47 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 47 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 47 Specific Function 3-methylbutanoyl-CoA + acceptor = 3-methylbut- 2-enoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor
Enzyme 47 Pathways
  • Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 Link Image)
Enzyme 47 Reactions
  • 3-methylbutanoyl-CoA + acceptor = 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor [RN:R04096]
Enzyme 47 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 47 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 47 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 47 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 47 GenBank ID Protein 306897 Link Image
Enzyme 47 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P26440 Link Image
Enzyme 47 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name IVD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 47 PDB ID 1IVH Link Image
Enzyme 47 PDB File Show
Enzyme 47 3D Structure
Enzyme 47 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 47 Gene Sequence >1272 bp
ATGGCGACTGCGACTCGGCTGCTGGGGTGGCGTGTGGCGAGCTGGAGGCTGCGGCCGCCG
CTTGCCGGCTTCGTTTCCCAGCGGGCCCACTCGCTTTTGCCCGTGGACGATGCAATCAAT
GGGCTAAGCGAGGAGCAGAGGCAGCTTCGTCAGACCATGGCTAAGTTCCTTCAGGAGCAC
CTGGCCCCCAAGGCCCAGGAGATCGATCGCAGCAATGAGTTCAAGAACCTGCGAGAATTT
TGGAAGCAGCTGGGGAACCTGGGCGTATTGGGCATCACAGCCCCTGTTCAGTATGGCGGC
TCCGGCCTGGGCTACCTGGAGCATGTGCTGGTGATGGAGGAGATATCCCGAGCTTCCGGA
GCAGTGGGGCTCAGTTACGGTGCCCACTCCAACCTCTGCATCAACCAGCTTGTACGCAAT
GGGAATGAGGCCCAGAAAGAGAAGTATCTCCCGAAGCTGATCAGTGGTGAGTACATCGGA
GCCCTGGCCATGAGTGAGCCCAATGCAGGCTCTGATGTTGTCTCTATGAAGCTCAAAGCG
GAAAAGAAAGGAAATCACTACATCCTGAATGGCAACAAGTTCTGGATCACTAATGGCCCT
GATGCTGACGTCCTGATTGTCTATGCCAAGACAGATCTGGCTGCTGTGCCAGCTTCTCGG
GGCATCACAGCCTTCATTGTGGAGAAGGGTATGCCTGGCTTTAGCACCTCTAAGAAGCTG
GACAAGCTGGGGATGAGGGGCTCTAACACCTGTGAGCTAATCTTTGAAGACTGCAAGATT
CCTGCTGCCAACATCCTGGGCCATGAGAATAAGGGTGTCTACGTGCTGATGAGTGGGCTG
GACCTGGAGCGGCTGGTGCTGGCCGGGGGGCCTCTTGGGCTCATGCAAGCGGTCCTGGAC
CACACCATTCCCTACCTGCACGTGAGGGAAGCCTTTGGCCAGAAGATCGGCCACTTCCAG
TTGATGCAGGGGAAGATGGCTGACATGTACACCCGCCTCATGGCGTGTCGGCAGTATGTC
TACAATGTCGCCAAGGCCTGCGATGAGGGCCATTGCACTGCTAAGGACTGTGCAGGTGTG
ATTCTTTACTCAGCTGAGTGTGCTACACAGGTAGCCCTGGACGGCATTCAGTGTTTTGGT
GGCAATGGCTACATCAATGACTTTCCCATGGGCCGCTTTCTTCGAGATGCCAAGCTGTAT
GAGATAGGGGCTGGGACCAGCGAGGTGAGGCGGCTGGTCATCGGCAGAGCCTTCAATGCA
GACTTTCACTAG
Enzyme 47 GenBank Gene ID M34192 Link Image
Enzyme 47 GeneCard ID IVD Link Image
Enzyme 47 GenAtlas ID IVD Link Image
Enzyme 47 HGNC ID HGNC:6186 Link Image
Enzyme 47 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 47 Locus 15q14-q15
Enzyme 47 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 47 General References
  1. Matsubara Y, Ito M, Glassberg R, Satyabhama S, Ikeda Y, Tanaka K: Nucleotide sequence of messenger RNA encoding human isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and its expression in isovaleric acidemia fibroblasts. J Clin Invest. 1990 Apr;85(4):1058-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Vockley J, Rogan PK, Anderson BD, Willard J, Seelan RS, Smith DI, Liu W: Exon skipping in IVD RNA processing in isovaleric acidemia caused by point mutations in the coding region of the IVD gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Feb;66(2):356-67. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Parimoo B, Tanaka K: Structural organization of the human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene. Genomics. 1993 Mar;15(3):582-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Vockley J, Nagao M, Parimoo B, Tanaka K: The variant human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene responsible for type II isovaleric acidemia determines an RNA splicing error, leading to the deletion of the entire second coding exon and the production of a truncated precursor protein that interacts poorly with mitochondrial import receptors. J Biol Chem. 1992 Feb 5;267(4):2494-501. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Mohsen AW, Vockley J: Identification of the active site catalytic residue in human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Biochemistry. 1995 Aug 15;34(32):10146-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Tiffany KA, Roberts DL, Wang M, Paschke R, Mohsen AW, Vockley J, Kim JJ: Structure of human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase at 2.6 A resolution: structural basis for substrate specificity,. Biochemistry. 1997 Jul 15;36(28):8455-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Vockley J, Parimoo B, Tanaka K: Molecular characterization of four different classes of mutations in the isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene responsible for isovaleric acidemia. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Jul;49(1):147-57. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Mohsen AW, Anderson BD, Volchenboum SL, Battaile KP, Tiffany K, Roberts D, Kim JJ, Vockley J: Characterization of molecular defects in isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase in patients with isovaleric acidemia. Biochemistry. 1998 Jul 14;37(28):10325-35. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 47 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 48 [top]
Enzyme 48 ID 5401
Enzyme 48 Name Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
Enzyme 48 Synonyms
  1. Monoamine oxidase type A
  2. MAO-A
Enzyme 48 Gene Name MAOA
Enzyme 48 Protein Sequence >Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
MENQEKASIAGHMFDVVVIGGGISGLSAAKLLTEYGVSVLVLEARDRVGGRTYTIRNEHV
DYVDVGGAYVGPTQNRILRLSKELGIETYKVNVSERLVQYVKGKTYPFRGAFPPVWNPIA
YLDYNNLWRTIDNMGKEIPTDAPWEAQHADKWDKMTMKELIDKICWTKTARRFAYLFVNI
NVTSEPHEVSALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIFSVTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDQVKL
NHPVTHVDQSSDNIIIETLNHEHYECKYVINAIPPTLTAKIHFRPELPAERNQLIQRLPM
GAVIKCMMYYKEAFWKKKDYCGCMIIEDEDAPISITLDDTKPDGSLPAIMGFILARKADR
LAKLHKEIRKKKICELYAKVLGSQEALHPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTAYFPPGIMTQYG
RVIRQPVGRIFFAGTETATKWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREVLNGLGKVTEKDIWVQEPESKD
VPAVEITHTFWERNLPSVSGLLKIIGFSTSVTALGFVLYKYKLLPRS
Enzyme 48 Number of Residues 527
Enzyme 48 Molecular Weight 59681.3
Enzyme 48 Theoretical pI 7.96
Enzyme 48 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 48 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 48 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOA preferentially oxidizes biogenic amines such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine and epinephrine
Enzyme 48 Pathways
Enzyme 48 Reactions
  • RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2 [RN:R01853]
Enzyme 48 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 48 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 48 Transmembrane Regions
  • 498-518
Enzyme 48 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 48 GenBank ID Protein 187355 Link Image
Enzyme 48 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P21397 Link Image
Enzyme 48 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AOFA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 48 PDB ID 1O5W Link Image
Enzyme 48 PDB File Show
Enzyme 48 3D Structure
Enzyme 48 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 48 Gene Sequence >1584 bp
ATGGAGAATCAAGAGAAGGCGAGTATCGCGGGCCACATGTTCGACGTAGTCGTGATCGGA
GGTGGCATTTCAGGACTATCTGCTGCCAAACTCTTGACTGAATATGGCGTTAGTGTTTTG
GTTTTAGAAGCTCGGGACAGGGTTGGAGGAAGAACATATACTATAAGGAATGAGCATGTT
GATTACGTAGATGTTGGTGGAGCTTATGTGGGACCAACCCAAAACAGAATCTTACGCTTG
TCTAAGGAGCTGGGCATAGAGACTTACAAAGTGAATGTCAGTGAGCGTCTCGTTCAATAT
GTCAAGGGGAAAACATATCCATTTCGGGGCGCCTTTCCACCAGTATGGAATCCCATTGCA
TATTTGGATTACAATAATCTGTGGAGGACAATAGATAACATGGGGAAGGAGATTCCAACT
GATGCACCCTGGGAGGCTCAACATGCTGACAAATGGGACAAAATGACCATGAAAGAGCTC
ATTGACAAAATCTGCTGGACAAAGACTGCTAGGCGGTTTGCTTATCTTTTTGTGAATATC
AATGTGACCTCTGAGCCTCACGAAGTGTCTGCCCTGTGGTTCTTGTGGTATGTGAAGCAG
TGCGGGGGCACCACTCGGATATTCTCTGTCACCAATGGTGGCCAGGAACGGAAGTTTGTA
GGTGGATCTGGTCAAGTGAGCGAACGGATAATGGACCTCCTCGGAGACCAAGTGAAGCTG
AACCATCCTGTCACTCACGTTGACCAGTCAAGTGACAACATCATCATAGAGACGCTGAAC
CATGAACATTATGAGTGCAAATACGTAATTAATGCGATCCCTCCGACCTTGACTGCCAAG
ATTCACTTCAGACCAGAGCTTCCAGCAGAGAGAAACCAGTTAATTCAGCGTCTTCCAATG
GGAGCTGTCATTAAGTGCATGATGTATTACAAGGAGGCCTTCTGGAAGAAGAAGGATTAC
TGTGGCTGCATGATCATTGAAGATGAAGATGCTCCAATTTCAATAACCTTGGATGACACC
AAGCCAGATGGGTCACTGCCTGCCATCATGGGCTTCATTCTTGCCCGGAAAGCTGATCGA
CTTGCTAAGCTACATAAGGAAATAAGGAAGAAGAAAATCTGTGAGCTCTATGCCAAAGTG
CTGGGATCCCAAGAAGCTTTACATCCAGTGCATTATGAAGAGAAGAACTGGTGTGAGGAG
CAGTACTCTGGGGGCTGCTACACGGCCTACTTCCCTCCTGGGATCATGACTCAATATGGA
AGGGTGATTCGTCAACCCGTGGGCAGGATTTTCTTTGCGGGCACAGAGACTGCCACAAAG
TGGAGCGGCTACATGGAAGGGGCAGTTGAGGCTGGAGAACGAGCAGCTAGGGAGGTCTTA
AATGGTCTCGGGAAGGTGACCGAGAAAGACATCTGGGTACAAGAACCTGAATCAAAGGAC
GTTCCAGCGGTAGAAATCACCCACACCTTCTGGGAAAGGAACCTGCCCTCTGTTTCTGGC
CTGCTGAAGATCATTGGATTTTCCACATCAGTAACTGCCCTGGGGTTTGTGCTGTACAAA
TACAAGCTCCTGCCACGGTCTTGA
Enzyme 48 GenBank Gene ID M69226 Link Image
Enzyme 48 GeneCard ID MAOA Link Image
Enzyme 48 GenAtlas ID MAOA Link Image
Enzyme 48 HGNC ID HGNC:6833 Link Image
Enzyme 48 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 48 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 48 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 48 General References
  1. Hsu YP, Weyler W, Chen S, Sims KB, Rinehart WB, Utterback MC, Powell JF, Breakefield XO: Structural features of human monoamine oxidase A elucidated from cDNA and peptide sequences. J Neurochem. 1988 Oct;51(4):1321-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bach AW, Lan NC, Johnson DL, Abell CW, Bembenek ME, Kwan SW, Seeburg PH, Shih JC: cDNA cloning of human liver monoamine oxidase A and B: molecular basis of differences in enzymatic properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4934-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chen ZY, Hotamisligil GS, Huang JK, Wen L, Ezzeddine D, Aydin-Muderrisoglu N, Powell JF, Huang RH, Breakefield XO, Craig I, et al.: Structure of the human gene for monoamine oxidase type A. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Aug 25;19(16):4537-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Grimsby J, Chen K, Wang LJ, Lan NC, Shih JC: Human monoamine oxidase A and B genes exhibit identical exon-intron organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 1;88(9):3637-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Zhu QS, Grimsby J, Chen K, Shih JC: Promoter organization and activity of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B genes. J Neurosci. 1992 Nov;12(11):4437-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Denney RM: The promoter of the human monoamine oxidase A gene. Prog Brain Res. 1995;106:57-66. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Denney RM, Sharma A, Dave SK, Waguespack A: A new look at the promoter of the human monoamine oxidase A gene: mapping transcription initiation sites and capacity to drive luciferase expression. J Neurochem. 1994 Sep;63(3):843-56. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Chen SA, Weyler W: Partial amino acid sequence analysis of human placenta monoamine oxidase A and bovine liver monoamine oxidase B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Oct 14;156(1):445-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Weyler W: Monoamine oxidase A from human placenta and monoamine oxidase B from bovine liver both have one FAD per subunit. Biochem J. 1989 Jun 15;260(3):725-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Li M, Hubalek F, Newton-Vinson P, Edmondson DE: High-level expression of human liver monoamine oxidase A in Pichia pastoris: comparison with the enzyme expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Protein Expr Purif. 2002 Feb;24(1):152-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Wu HF, Chen K, Shih JC: Site-directed mutagenesis of monoamine oxidase A and B: role of cysteines. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):888-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. De Colibus L, Li M, Binda C, Lustig A, Edmondson DE, Mattevi A: Three-dimensional structure of human monoamine oxidase A (MAO A): relation to the structures of rat MAO A and human MAO B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Sep 6;102(36):12684-9. Epub 2005 Aug 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Brunner HG, Nelen M, Breakefield XO, Ropers HH, van Oost BA: Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A. Science. 1993 Oct 22;262(5133):578-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Son SY, Ma J, Kondou Y, Yoshimura M, Yamashita E, Tsukihara T: Structure of human monoamine oxidase A at 2.2-A resolution: the control of opening the entry for substrates/inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr 15;105(15):5739-44. Epub 2008 Apr 7. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 48 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 49 [top]
Enzyme 49 ID 5402
Enzyme 49 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2
Enzyme 49 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B14.5b
  2. CI-B14.5b
  3. Human lung cancer oncogene 1 protein
  4. HLC-1
  5. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B14.5b
Enzyme 49 Gene Name NDUFC2
Enzyme 49 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2
MIARRNPEPLRFLPDEARSLPPPKLTDPRLLYIGFLGYCSGLIDNLIRRRPIATAGLHRQ
LLYITAFFFAGYYLVKREDYLYAVRDREMFGYMKLHPEDFPEEDKKTYGEIFEKFHPIR
Enzyme 49 Number of Residues 119
Enzyme 49 Molecular Weight 14187.3
Enzyme 49 Theoretical pI 9.27
Enzyme 49 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
  • mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone
  • respiratory electron transport chain
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
  • mitochondrial inner membrane
  • organelle inner membrane
  • organelle membrane
Enzyme 49 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 49 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 49 Pathways
Enzyme 49 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 49 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 49 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 49 Transmembrane Regions
  • 56-75
Enzyme 49 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 49 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 49 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95298 Link Image
Enzyme 49 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUC2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 49 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 49 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 49 Gene Sequence >360 bp
ATGATCGCACGGCGGAACCCAGAACCCTTACGGTTTCTGCCGGATGAGGCCCGGAGCCTG
CCCCCGCCCAAGCTGACCGACCCGCGGCTCCTCTACATCGGCTTCTTGGGCTACTGCTCC
GGCCTGATTGATAACCTGATCCGGCGGAGGCCGATCGCGACGGCTGGTTTGCATCGCCAG
CTTCTATATATTACGGCCTTTTTTTTTGCTGGATATTATCTTGTAAAACGTGAAGACTAC
CTGTATGCTGTGAGGGACCGTGAAATGTTTGGATATATGAAATTACATCCAGAGGATTTT
CCTGAAGAAGATAAGAAAACATATGGTGAAATTTTTGAAAAATTCCATCCAATACGTTGA
Enzyme 49 GenBank Gene ID AF087659 Link Image
Enzyme 49 GeneCard ID NDUFC2 Link Image
Enzyme 49 GenAtlas ID NDUFC2 Link Image
Enzyme 49 HGNC ID HGNC:7706 Link Image
Enzyme 49 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 49 Locus 11q14.1
Enzyme 49 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 49 General References
  1. Loeffen JL, Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Schuelke M, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA: cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 18;253(2):415-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Genome Res. 2000 Oct;10(10):1546-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Bocher M, Blocker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Dusterhoft A, Beyer A, Kohrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwalder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A: Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs. Genome Res. 2001 Mar;11(3):422-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 49 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 50 [top]
Enzyme 50 ID 5403
Enzyme 50 Name Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3
Enzyme 50 Synonyms
  1. Dimethylaniline oxidase 3
  2. FMO II
  3. FMO form 2
  4. Hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase 3
  5. FMO 3
Enzyme 50 Gene Name FMO3
Enzyme 50 Protein Sequence >Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3
MGKKVAIIGAGVSGLASIRSCLEEGLEPTCFEKSNDIGGLWKFSDHAEEGRASIYKSVFS
NSSKEMMCFPDFPFPDDFPNFMHNSKIQEYIIAFAKEKNLLKYIQFKTFVSSVNKHPDFA
TTGQWDVTTERDGKKESAVFDAVMVCSGHHVYPNLPKESFPGLNHFKGKCFHSRDYKEPG
VFNGKRVLVVGLGNSGCDIATELSRTAEQVMISSRSGSWVMSRVWDNGYPWDMLLVTRFG
TFLKNNLPTAISDWLYVKQMNARFKHENYGLMPLNGVLRKEPVFNDELPASILCGIVSVK
PNVKEFTETSAIFEDGTIFEGIDCVIFATGYSFAYPFLDESIIKSRNNEIILFKGVFPPL
LEKSTIAVIGFVQSLGAAIPTVDLQSRWAAQVIKGTCTLPSMEDMMNDINEKMEKKRKWF
GKSETIQTDYIVYMDELSSFIGAKPNIPWLFLTDPKLAMEVYFGPCSPYQFRLVGPGQWP
GARNAILTQWDRSLKPMQTRVVGRLQKPCFFFHWLKLFAIPILLIAVFLVLT
Enzyme 50 Number of Residues 532
Enzyme 50 Molecular Weight 60033.0
Enzyme 50 Theoretical pI 7.87
Enzyme 50 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • intrinsic to organelle membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 50 General Function Involved in flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 50 Specific Function Involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of xenobiotics such as drugs and pesticides. It N-oxygenates primary aliphatic alkylamines as well as secondary and tertiary amines. Plays an important role in the metabolism of trimethylamine (TMA), via the production of TMA N-oxide (TMAO). Is also able to perform S-oxidation when acting on sulfide compounds
Enzyme 50 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 50 Reactions
  • N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R03344]
Enzyme 50 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 50 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 50 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 50 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 50 GenBank ID Protein 189053761 Link Image
Enzyme 50 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P31513 Link Image
Enzyme 50 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FMO3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 50 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 50 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 50 Gene Sequence >1599 bp
ATGGGGAAGAAAGTGGCCATCATTGGAGCTGGTGTGAGTGGCTTGGCCTCCATCAGGAGC
TGTCTGGAAGAGGGGCTGGAGCCCACCTGCTTTGAGAAGAGCAATGACATTGGGGGCCTG
TGGAAATTTTCAGACCATGCAGAGGAGGGCAGGGCTAGCATTTACAAATCAGTCTTTTCC
AACTCTTCCAAAGAGATGATGTGTTTCCCAGACTTCCCATTTCCCGATGACTTCCCCAAC
TTTATGCACAACAGCAAGATCCAGGAATATATCATTGCATTTGCCAAAGAAAAGAACCTC
CTGAAGTACATACAATTTAAGACATTTGTATCCAGTGTAAATAAACATCCTGATTTTGCA
ACTACTGGCCAGTGGGATGTTACCACTGAAAGGGATGGTAAAAAAGAATCGGCTGTCTTT
GATGCTGTAATGGTTTGTTCCGGACATCATGTGTATCCCAACCTACCAAAAGAGTCCTTT
CCAGGACTAAACCACTTTAAAGGCAAATGCTTCCACAGCAGGGACTATAAAGAACCAGGT
GTATTCAATGGAAAGCGTGTCCTGGTGGTTGGCCTGGGGAATTCGGGCTGTGATATTGCC
ACAGAACTCAGCCGCACAGCAGAACAGGTCATGATCAGTTCCAGAAGTGGCTCCTGGGTG
ATGAGCCGGGTCTGGGACAATGGTTATCCTTGGGACATGCTGCTCGTCACTCGATTTGGA
ACCTTCCTCAAGAACAATTTACCGACAGCCATCTCTGACTGGTTGTACGTGAAGCAGATG
AATGCAAGATTCAAGCATGAAAACTATGGCTTGATGCCTTTAAATGGAGTCCTGAGGAAA
GAGCCTGTATTTAACGATGAGCTCCCAGCAAGCATTCTGTGTGGCATTGTGTCCGTAAAG
CCTAACGTGAAGGAATTCACAGAGACCTCGGCCATTTTTGAGGATGGGACCATATTTGAG
GGCATTGACTGTGTAATCTTTGCAACAGGGTATAGTTTTGCCTACCCCTTCCTTGATGAG
TCTATCATCAAAAGCAGAAACAATGAGATCATTTTATTTAAAGGAGTATTTCCTCCTCTA
CTTGAGAAGTCAACCATAGCAGTGATTGGCTTTGTCCAGTCCCTTGGGGCTGCCATTCCC
ACAGTTGACCTCCAGTCCCGCTGGGCAGCACAAGTAATAAAGGGAACTTGTACTTTGCCT
TCTATGGAAGACATGATGAATGATATTAATGAGAAAATGGAGAAAAAGCGCAAATGGTTT
GGCAAAAGCGAGACCATACAGACAGATTACATTGTTTATATGGATGAACTCTCCTCCTTC
ATTGGGGCAAAGCCCAACATCCCATGGCTGTTTCTCACAGATCCCAAATTGGCCATGGAA
GTTTATTTTGGCCCTTGTAGTCCCTACCAGTTTAGGCTGGTGGGCCCAGGGCAGTGGCCA
GGAGCCAGAAATGCCATACTGACCCAGTGGGACCGGTCGTTGAAACCCATGCAGACACGA
GTGGTCGGGAGACTTCAGAAGCCTTGCTTCTTTTTCCATTGGCTGAAGCTCTTTGCAATT
CCTATTCTGTTAATCGCTGTTTTCCTTGTGTTGACCTAA
Enzyme 50 GenBank Gene ID AK313197 Link Image
Enzyme 50 GeneCard ID FMO3 Link Image
Enzyme 50 GenAtlas ID FMO3 Link Image
Enzyme 50 HGNC ID HGNC:3771 Link Image
Enzyme 50 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 50 Locus 1q24.3
Enzyme 50 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 50 General References
  1. Lomri N, Gu Q, Cashman JR: Molecular cloning of the flavin-containing monooxygenase (form II) cDNA from adult human liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Mar 1;89(5):1685-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dolphin CT, Cullingford TE, Shephard EA, Smith RL, Phillips IR: Differential developmental and tissue-specific regulation of expression of the genes encoding three members of the flavin-containing monooxygenase family of man, FMO1, FMO3 and FM04. Eur J Biochem. 1996 Feb 1;235(3):683-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Dolphin CT, Riley JH, Smith RL, Shephard EA, Phillips IR: Structural organization of the human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 gene (FMO3), the favored candidate for fish-odor syndrome, determined directly from genomic DNA. Genomics. 1997 Dec 1;46(2):260-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Treacy EP, Akerman BR, Chow LM, Youil R, Bibeau C, Lin J, Bruce AG, Knight M, Danks DM, Cashman JR, Forrest SM: Mutations of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene (FMO3) cause trimethylaminuria, a defect in detoxication. Hum Mol Genet. 1998 May;7(5):839-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Akerman BR, Forrest S, Chow L, Youil R, Knight M, Treacy EP: Two novel mutations of the FMO3 gene in a proband with trimethylaminuria. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(5):376-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Akerman BR, Lemass H, Chow LM, Lambert DM, Greenberg C, Bibeau C, Mamer OA, Treacy EP: Trimethylaminuria is caused by mutations of the FMO3 gene in a North American cohort. Mol Genet Metab. 1999 Sep;68(1):24-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Dolphin CT, Janmohamed A, Smith RL, Shephard EA, Phillips IR: Compound heterozygosity for missense mutations in the flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FM03) gene in patients with fish-odour syndrome. Pharmacogenetics. 2000 Dec;10(9):799-807. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Furnes B, Feng J, Sommer SS, Schlenk D: Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Feb;31(2):187-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Fujieda M, Yamazaki H, Togashi M, Saito T, Kamataki T: Two novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the FMO3 gene in Japanese. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2003;18(5):333-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Zhang J, Tran Q, Lattard V, Cashman JR: Deleterious mutations in the flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) gene causing trimethylaminuria. Pharmacogenetics. 2003 Aug;13(8):495-500. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Yeung CK, Adman ET, Rettie AE: Functional characterization of genetic variants of human FMO3 associated with trimethylaminuria. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007 Aug 15;464(2):251-9. Epub 2007 May 2. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Koukouritaki SB, Poch MT, Henderson MC, Siddens LK, Krueger SK, VanDyke JE, Williams DE, Pajewski NM, Wang T, Hines RN: Identification and functional analysis of common human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 genetic variants. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jan;320(1):266-73. Epub 2006 Oct 18. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 50 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 51 [top]
Enzyme 51 ID 5404
Enzyme 51 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3
Enzyme 51 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B12
  2. CI-B12
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B12 subunit
Enzyme 51 Gene Name NDUFB3
Enzyme 51 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3
MAHEHGHEHGHHKMELPDYRQWKIEGTPLETIQKKLAAKGLRDPWGRNEAWRYMGGFAKS
VSFSDVFFKGFKWGFAAFVVAVGAEYYLESLNKDKKHH
Enzyme 51 Number of Residues 98
Enzyme 51 Molecular Weight 11401.9
Enzyme 51 Theoretical pI 9.73
Enzyme 51 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • mitochondrion
  • organelle
Enzyme 51 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 51 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 51 Pathways
Enzyme 51 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 51 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 51 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 51 Transmembrane Regions
  • 66-88
Enzyme 51 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 51 GenBank ID Protein 3098338 Link Image
Enzyme 51 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O43676 Link Image
Enzyme 51 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUB3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 51 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 51 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 51 Gene Sequence >297 bp
ATGGCCCATGAACATGGACATGAGCATGGACATCATAAAATGGAACTTCCAGATTATAGA
CAATGGAAGATAGAAGGGACACCATTAGAAACTATCCAGAAGAAGCTGGCTGCAAAAGGG
CTAAGGGATCCATGGGGCCGCAATGAAGCTTGGAGATACATGGGTGGCTTTGCAAAGAGT
GTTTCCTTTTCTGATGTATTCTTTAAAGGATTCAAATGGGGATTTGCTGCATTTGTGGTA
GCTGTAGGAGCTGAATATTACCTGGAGTCCCTGAATAAAGATAAGAAGCATCACTGA
Enzyme 51 GenBank Gene ID AF035839 Link Image
Enzyme 51 GeneCard ID NDUFB3 Link Image
Enzyme 51 GenAtlas ID NDUFB3 Link Image
Enzyme 51 HGNC ID HGNC:7698 Link Image
Enzyme 51 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 51 Locus 2q31.3
Enzyme 51 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 51 General References
  1. Ton C, Hwang DM, Dempsey AA, Liew CC: Identification and primary structure of five human NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunits. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Dec 18;241(2):589-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Loeffen JL, Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Schuelke M, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA: cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 18;253(2):415-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 51 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 52 [top]
Enzyme 52 ID 5405
Enzyme 52 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7
Enzyme 52 Synonyms
  1. Cell adhesion protein SQM1
  2. Complex I-B18
  3. CI-B18
  4. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B18 subunit
Enzyme 52 Gene Name NDUFB7
Enzyme 52 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7
MGAHLVRRYLGDASVEPDPLQMPTFPPDYGFPERKEREMVATQQEMMDAQLRLQLRDYCA
HHLIRLLKCKRDSFPNFLACKQERHDWDYCEHRDYVMRMKEFERERRLLQRKKRREKKAA
ELAKGQGPGEVDPKVAL
Enzyme 52 Number of Residues 137
Enzyme 52 Molecular Weight 16401.8
Enzyme 52 Theoretical pI 9.21
Enzyme 52 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • mitochondrion
  • organelle
Enzyme 52 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 52 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 52 Pathways
Enzyme 52 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 52 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 52 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 52 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 52 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 52 GenBank ID Protein 6563188 Link Image
Enzyme 52 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P17568 Link Image
Enzyme 52 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUB7_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 52 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 52 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 52 Gene Sequence >414 bp
ATGGGGGCCCACCTGGTCCGGCGCTACCTGGGCGATGCCTCGGTGGAGCCCGACCCCCTG
CAGATGCCAACCTTCCCGCCAGACTACGGCTTCCCCGAACGCAAGGAGCGCGAGATGGTG
GCCACACAGCAGGAGATGATGGACGCGCAGCTGAGGCTCCAGCTGCGGGACTACTGCGCC
CACCACCTCATCCGGCTGCTCAAGTGCAAGCGTGACAGCTTCCCCAACTTCCTGGCCTGC
AAGCAGGAGCGGCACGACTGGGACTACTGCGAGCACCGCGACTATGTGATGCGCATGAAG
GAGTTTGAGCGGGAGCGGAGGCTGCTCCAGCGGAAGAAGCGGCGGGAGAAGAAGGCGGCA
GAGTTGGCCAAAGGCCAGGGACCCGGGGAAGTGGACCCCAAGGTGGCCCTGTAG
Enzyme 52 GenBank Gene ID AF112200 Link Image
Enzyme 52 GeneCard ID NDUFB7 Link Image
Enzyme 52 GenAtlas ID NDUFB7 Link Image
Enzyme 52 HGNC ID HGNC:7702 Link Image
Enzyme 52 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 52 Locus 19p13.12
Enzyme 52 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 52 General References
  1. Wong YC, Tsao SW, Kakefuda M, Bernal SD: cDNA cloning of a novel cell adhesion protein expressed in human squamous carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Jan 30;166(2):984-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Triepels R, Smeitink J, Loeffen J, Smeets R, Trijbels F, van den Heuvel L: Characterization of the human complex I NDUFB7 and 17.2-kDa cDNAs and mutational analysis of 19 genes of the HP fraction in complex I-deficient-patients. Hum Genet. 2000 Apr;106(4):385-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 52 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 53 [top]
Enzyme 53 ID 5406
Enzyme 53 Name Acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial
Enzyme 53 Synonyms
  1. ACP
  2. CI-SDAP
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 9.6 kDa subunit
Enzyme 53 Gene Name NDUFAB1
Enzyme 53 Protein Sequence >Acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial
MASRVLSAYVSRLPAAFAPLPRVRMLAVARPLSTALCSAGTQTRLGTLQPALVLAQVPGR
VTQLCRQYSDMPPLTLEGIQDRVLYVLKLYDKIDPEKLSVNSHFMKDLGLDSLDQVEIIM
AMEDEFGFEIPDIDAEKLMCPQEIVDYIADKKDVYE
Enzyme 53 Number of Residues 156
Enzyme 53 Molecular Weight 17417.1
Enzyme 53 Theoretical pI 4.53
Enzyme 53 GO Classification
Function
  • acyl carrier activity
  • amino acid binding
  • binding
  • carboxylic acid binding
  • cofactor binding
  • phosphopantetheine binding
  • substrate-specific transporter activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • fatty acid biosynthetic process
  • fatty acid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
  • organic acid metabolic process
  • oxoacid metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 53 General Function Involved in acyl carrier activity
Enzyme 53 Specific Function Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria. Accessory and non-catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), which functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain
Enzyme 53 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 53 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 53 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 53 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 53 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 53 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 53 GenBank ID Protein 4826852 Link Image
Enzyme 53 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O14561 Link Image
Enzyme 53 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACPM_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 53 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 53 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 53 Gene Sequence >471 bp
ATGGCGTCTCGTGTCCTTTCAGCCTATGTCAGCCGCCTGCCCGCGGCCTTTGCGCCGCTG
CCCCGGGTCCGGATGCTGGCCGTGGCCCGGCCTCTCAGCACCGCTCTCTGCTCCGCGGGG
ACCCAGACGAGGCTCGGGACTTTGCAGCCGGCCTTAGTGCTCGCGCAGGTTCCTGGTAGA
GTTACACAGTTGTGCCGCCAGTATAGCGACATGCCTCCTTTGACGTTAGAGGGCATCCAG
GACCGTGTTCTTTACGTATTGAAACTCTATGACAAGATTGACCCAGAGAAGCTTTCAGTA
AATTCTCATTTTATGAAAGACCTGGGCTTAGACAGTTTGGACCAAGTGGAGATTATCATG
GCCATGGAAGACGAATTTGGGTTTGAAATTCCTGATATAGATGCTGAAAAGTTAATGTGT
CCACAAGAAATTGTAGATTACATTGCAGATAAGAAGGATGTATATGAATAA
Enzyme 53 GenBank Gene ID NM_005003.2 Link Image
Enzyme 53 GeneCard ID NDUFAB1 Link Image
Enzyme 53 GenAtlas ID NDUFAB1 Link Image
Enzyme 53 HGNC ID HGNC:7694 Link Image
Enzyme 53 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 53 Locus 16p12.2
Enzyme 53 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 53 General References
  1. Loeffen JL, Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Schuelke M, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA: cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 18;253(2):415-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Loftus BJ, Kim UJ, Sneddon VP, Kalush F, Brandon R, Fuhrmann J, Mason T, Crosby ML, Barnstead M, Cronin L, Deslattes Mays A, Cao Y, Xu RX, Kang HL, Mitchell S, Eichler EE, Harris PC, Venter JC, Adams MD: Genome duplications and other features in 12 Mb of DNA sequence from human chromosome 16p and 16q. Genomics. 1999 Sep 15;60(3):295-308. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Xu G, Shin SB, Jaffrey SR: Global profiling of protease cleavage sites by chemoselective labeling of protein N-termini. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Nov 17;106(46):19310-5. Epub 2009 Nov 5. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 53 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 54 [top]
Enzyme 54 ID 5407
Enzyme 54 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5
Enzyme 54 Synonyms
  1. Complex I subunit B13
  2. Complex I-13kD-B
  3. CI-13kD-B
  4. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 13 kDa-B subunit
Enzyme 54 Gene Name NDUFA5
Enzyme 54 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5
MAGVLKKTTGLVGLAVCNTPHERLRILYTKILDVLEEIPKNAAYRKYTEQITNEKLAMVK
AEPDVKKLEDQLQGGQLEEVILQAEHELNLARKMREWKLWEPLVEEPPADQWKWPI
Enzyme 54 Number of Residues 116
Enzyme 54 Molecular Weight 13458.6
Enzyme 54 Theoretical pI 5.81
Enzyme 54 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
  • respiratory electron transport chain
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
  • mitochondrial inner membrane
  • organelle inner membrane
  • organelle membrane
Enzyme 54 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Enzyme 54 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 54 Pathways
Enzyme 54 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 54 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 54 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 54 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 54 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 54 GenBank ID Protein 37674403 Link Image
Enzyme 54 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16718 Link Image
Enzyme 54 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUA5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 54 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 54 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 54 Gene Sequence >351 bp
ATGGCGGGTGTGCTGAAGAAGACCACTGGCCTTGTGGGATTGGCTGTGTGCAATACTCCT
CACGAGAGGCTAAGAATATTGTACACAAAGATTCTTGATGTTCTTGAGGAAATCCCTAAA
AATGCAGCATATAGAAAGTATACAGAACAGATTACAAATGAGAAGCTGGCTATGGTTAAA
GCGGAACCAGATGTTAAAAAATTAGAAGACCAACTTCAAGGCGGTCAATTAGAAGAGGTG
ATTCTTCAGGCTGAACATGAACTAAATCTGGCAAGAAAAATGAGGGAATGGAAACTATGG
GAGCCATTAGTGGAAGAGCCTCCTGCCGATCAGTGGAAATGGCCAATATAA
Enzyme 54 GenBank Gene ID AC073323 Link Image
Enzyme 54 GeneCard ID NDUFA5 Link Image
Enzyme 54 GenAtlas ID NDUFA5 Link Image
Enzyme 54 HGNC ID HGNC:7688 Link Image
Enzyme 54 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 54 Locus 7q32
Enzyme 54 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 54 General References
  1. Pata I, Tensing K, Metspalu A: A human cDNA encoding the homologue of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B13. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Feb 7;1350(2):115-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Russell MW, du Manoir S, Collins FS, Brody LC: Cloning of the human NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B13: localization to chromosome 7q32 and identification of a pseudogene on 11p15. Mamm Genome. 1997 Jan;8(1):60-1. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Tensing K, Pata I, Wittig I, Wehnert M, Metspalu A: Genomic organization of the human complex I 13-kDa subunit gene NDUFA5. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1999;84(1-2):125-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 54 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 55 [top]
Enzyme 55 ID 5408
Enzyme 55 Name Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 55 Synonyms
  1. ETF-QO
  2. ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase
  3. Electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase
  4. ETF dehydrogenase
Enzyme 55 Gene Name ETFDH
Enzyme 55 Protein Sequence >Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
MLVPLAKLSCLAYQCFHALKIKKNYLPLCATRWSSTSTVPRITTHYTIYPRDKDKRWEGV
NMERFAEEADVVIVGAGPAGLSAAVRLKQLAVAHEKDIRVCLVEKAAQIGAHTLSGACLD
PGAFKELFPDWKEKGAPLNTPVTEDRFGILTEKYRIPVPILPGLPMNNHGNYIVRLGHLV
SWMGEQAEALGVEVYPGYAAAEVLFHDDGSVKGIATNDVGIQKDGAPKATFERGLELHAK
VTIFAEGCHGHLAKQLYKKFDLRANCEPQTYGIGLKELWVIDEKNWKPGRVDHTVGWPLD
RHTYGGSFLYHLNEGEPLVALGLVVGLDYQNPYLSPFREFQRWKHHPSIRPTLEGGKRIA
YGARALNEGGFQSIPKLTFPGGLLIGCSPGFMNVPKIKGTHTAMKSGILAAESIFNQLTS
ENLQSKTIGLHVTEYEDNLKNSWVWKELYSVRNIRPSCHGVLGVYGGMIYTGIFYWILRG
MEPWTLKHKGSDFERLKPAKDCTPIEYPKPDGQISFDLLSSVALSGTNHEHDQPAHLTLR
DDSIPVNRNLSIYDGPEQRFCPAGVYEFVPVEQGDGFRLQINAQNCVHCKTCDIKDPSQN
INWVVPEGGGGPAYNGM
Enzyme 55 Number of Residues 617
Enzyme 55 Molecular Weight 68495.0
Enzyme 55 Theoretical pI 7.59
Enzyme 55 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, quinone or similar compound as acceptor
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 55 General Function Involved in electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 55 Specific Function Accepts electrons from ETF and reduces ubiquinone
Enzyme 55 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 55 Reactions
  • reduced electron-transferring flavoprotein + ubiquinone = electron-transferring flavoprotein + ubiquinol [RN:R04433]
Enzyme 55 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 55 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 55 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 55 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 55 GenBank ID Protein 119703746 Link Image
Enzyme 55 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16134 Link Image
Enzyme 55 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ETFD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 55 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 55 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 55 Gene Sequence >1854 bp
ATGCTGGTGCCGCTAGCCAAGCTGTCCTGCCTGGCATATCAGTGCTTTCATGCCTTAAAA
ATTAAGAAAAATTATCTACCTCTATGTGCTACAAGATGGTCTTCAACTTCTACTGTGCCT
CGAATTACTACCCATTATACTATTTATCCCCGGGATAAGGACAAGAGATGGGAAGGAGTG
AACATGGAAAGGTTTGCAGAAGAAGCAGATGTTGTAATAGTTGGTGCAGGCCCTGCAGGG
CTCTCTGCAGCTGTTCGTCTAAAACAGTTGGCTGTGGCACATGAAAAGGACATCCGTGTG
TGTCTAGTGGAGAAAGCTGCCCAGATAGGAGCTCATACTCTCTCAGGGGCTTGCCTTGAT
CCAGGTGCTTTTAAAGAACTCTTCCCAGACTGGAAAGAGAAGGGGGCTCCACTTAACACT
CCTGTAACAGAAGACAGATTTGGAATTTTAACAGAGAAATACAGAATTCCTGTGCCAATT
CTTCCAGGGCTTCCAATGAATAATCATGGCAATTACATTGTACGCTTGGGACATTTAGTG
AGCTGGATGGGCGAACAAGCAGAAGCCCTTGGTGTTGAAGTATACCCTGGTTATGCAGCT
GCTGAGGTCCTTTTTCATGATGATGGTAGTGTAAAAGGAATTGCCACTAACGATGTAGGG
ATACAAAAGGATGGTGCACCAAAGGCAACATTTGAGAGAGGACTGGAACTACATGCTAAA
GTCACAATTTTTGCAGAAGGTTGCCATGGACATCTAGCCAAGCAACTATATAAGAAGTTT
GATTTGAGAGCAAATTGTGAACCTCAAACCTACGGGATTGGACTGAAGGAGTTATGGGTT
ATTGATGAAAAGAACTGGAAACCTGGGAGAGTAGATCACACTGTTGGTTGGCCCTTGGAC
AGACATACCTATGGAGGATCTTTCCTCTATCATTTGAATGAAGGTGAACCCCTAGTAGCT
CTTGGTCTTGTGGTTGGTCTAGACTATCAGAATCCATACCTGAGTCCATTTAGAGAGTTC
CAAAGGTGGAAACACCATCCTAGCATTCGGCCAACCTTGGAAGGTGGAAAAAGGATTGCA
TACGGAGCCAGAGCTCTCAATGAAGGTGGCTTTCAGTCTATACCAAAACTCACCTTTCCT
GGTGGTTTACTAATTGGTTGTAGTCCTGGTTTTATGAATGTTCCCAAGATCAAAGGTACT
CACACAGCAATGAAAAGTGGAATTTTAGCAGCAGAATCTATTTTTAATCAACTAACTAGT
GAAAATCTCCAATCAAAGACAATAGGACTCCATGTAACTGAATATGAGGACAATTTGAAG
AACTCATGGGTATGGAAAGAGCTATATTCTGTTAGAAATATAAGACCGTCCTGCCACGGA
GTACTGGGTGTATATGGAGGGATGATTTACACTGGAATCTTTTACTGGATATTGAGAGGA
ATGGAGCCGTGGACTCTGAAACATAAAGGTTCTGACTTTGAACGGCTCAAGCCAGCCAAG
GATTGCACACCTATTGAGTATCCAAAACCCGATGGACAGATCAGTTTTGACCTCTTGTCA
TCTGTGGCTCTGAGTGGTACTAATCATGAACATGACCAGCCGGCACACTTAACCTTAAGG
GATGACAGTATACCTGTAAATAGAAATCTGTCGATATATGATGGGCCCGAGCAGCGATTC
TGTCCTGCAGGAGTTTATGAATTTGTACCTGTGGAACAAGGTGATGGATTTCGGTTACAG
ATAAATGCTCAGAACTGTGTACATTGTAAAACATGTGATATTAAAGATCCAAGTCAGAAT
ATTAACTGGGTGGTACCTGAAGGTGGAGGAGGACCTGCTTACAATGGAATGTAA
Enzyme 55 GenBank Gene ID NM_004453.2 Link Image
Enzyme 55 GeneCard ID ETFDH Link Image
Enzyme 55 GenAtlas ID ETFDH Link Image
Enzyme 55 HGNC ID HGNC:3483 Link Image
Enzyme 55 Chromosome Location 4
Enzyme 55 Locus 4q32-q35
Enzyme 55 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 55 General References
  1. Goodman SI, Axtell KM, Bindoff LA, Beard SE, Gill RE, Frerman FE: Molecular cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding human electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Jan 15;219(1-2):277-86. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 55 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 56 [top]
Enzyme 56 ID 5409
Enzyme 56 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial
Enzyme 56 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-39kD
  2. CI-39kD
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 39 kDa subunit
Enzyme 56 Gene Name NDUFA9
Enzyme 56 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial
MAAAAQSRVVRVLSMSRSAITAIATSVCHGPPCRQLHHALMPHGKGGRSSVSGIVATVFG
ATGFLGRYVVNHLGRMGSQVIIPYRCDKYDIMHLRPMGDLGQLLFLEWDARDKDSIRRVV
QHSNVVINLIGRDWETKNFDFEDVFVKIPQAIAQLSKEAGVEKFIHVSHLNANIKSSSRY
LRNKAVGEKVVRDAFPEAIIVKPSDIFGREDRFLNSFASMHRFGPIPLGSLGWKTVKQPV
YVVDVSKGIVNAVKDPDANGKSFAFVGPSRYLLFHLVKYIFAVAHRLFLPFPLPLFAYRW
VARVFEISPFEPWITRDKVERMHITDMKLPHLPGLEDLGIQATPLELKAIEVLRRHRTYR
WLSAEIEDVKPAKTVNI
Enzyme 56 Number of Residues 377
Enzyme 56 Molecular Weight 42509.2
Enzyme 56 Theoretical pI 10.37
Enzyme 56 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 56 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 56 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 56 Pathways
Enzyme 56 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 56 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 56 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 56 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 56 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 56 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 56 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16795 Link Image
Enzyme 56 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUA9_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 56 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 56 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 56 Gene Sequence >1134 bp
ATGGCGGCTGCCGCACAATCCCGGGTTGTCCGGGTCCTGTCAATGTCACGTTCTGCCATT
ACTGCAATAGCCACATCTGTGTGTCACGGCCCACCCTGTCGCCAGCTTCATCATGCCCTC
ATGCCTCATGGGAAAGGTGGACGTTCCTCAGTCAGTGGGATTGTGGCCACTGTGTTTGGA
GCAACAGGATTCCTGGGGCGATATGTTGTCAACCACCTTGGACGCATGGGGTCACAGGTA
ATCATACCCTATCGGTGTGATAAATATGACATCATGCACCTTCGTCCCATGGGTGACCTG
GGCCAGCTTCTGTTTCTGGAATGGGACGCGAGAGATAAAGATTCTATCCGACGAGTAGTA
CAACACAGCAATGTGGTCATCAATCTTATTGGACGAGACTGGGAAACCAAAAACTTTGAT
TTTGAGGATGTTTTTGTGAAGATTCCCCAAGCAATTGCTCAACTGTCCAAGGAAGCTGGA
GTTGAAAAATTCATTCATGTTTCACATCTGAATGCGAATATTAAAAGCTCTTCTAGATAT
TTGAGAAATAAGGCTGTTGGAGAGAAAGTAGTGAGAGATGCATTTCCGGAAGCCATTATC
GTAAAGCCGTCGGACATCTTTGGAAGAGAGGATAGATTCCTTAATTCTTTTGCAAGTATG
CATCGGTTTGGTCCTATACCCCTTGGTTCCTTGGGCTGGAAGACAGTTAAACAACCAGTA
TATGTCGTAGATGTATCCAAAGGAATTGTTAATGCAGTTAAGGATCCTGATGCCAATGGG
AAATCCTTTGCTTTCGTTGGTCCCAGTCGGTACCTCCTTTTCCACCTGGTGAAGTACATC
TTTGCTGTGGCTCACAGATTGTTCCTCCCATTCCCCTTGCCGCTTTTTGCCTATCGATGG
GTAGCAAGAGTCTTTGAAATAAGCCCATTTGAGCCCTGGATAACAAGGGATAAAGTGGAG
CGGATGCACATCACAGACATGAAATTGCCTCACCTGCCTGGCTTAGAAGACCTTGGTATT
CAGGCAACACCACTGGAACTCAAGGCCATTGAGGTGCTGCGGCGTCATCGCACTTACCGC
TGGCTGTCTGCTGAAATTGAGGATGTGAAGCCGGCCAAGACCGTCAACATTTAG
Enzyme 56 GenBank Gene ID AF050641 Link Image
Enzyme 56 GeneCard ID NDUFA9 Link Image
Enzyme 56 GenAtlas ID NDUFA9 Link Image
Enzyme 56 HGNC ID HGNC:7693 Link Image
Enzyme 56 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 56 Locus 12p13.3
Enzyme 56 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 56 General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Cross SH, Charlton JA, Nan X, Bird AP: Purification of CpG islands using a methylated DNA binding column. Nat Genet. 1994 Mar;6(3):236-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Baens M, Chaffanet M, Cassiman JJ, van den Berghe H, Marynen P: Construction and evaluation of a hncDNA library of human 12p transcribed sequences derived from a somatic cell hybrid. Genomics. 1993 Apr;16(1):214-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 56 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 57 [top]
Enzyme 57 ID 5410
Enzyme 57 Name NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4
Enzyme 57 Synonyms
  1. NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4
Enzyme 57 Gene Name MT-ND4
Enzyme 57 Protein Sequence >NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4
MLKLIVPTIMLLPLTWLSKKHMIWINTTTHSLIISIIPLLFFNQINNNLFSCSPTFSSDP
LTTPLLMLTTWLLPLTIMASQRHLSSEPLSRKKLYLSMLISLQISLIMTFTATELIMFYI
FFETTLIPTLAIITRWGNQPERLNAGTYFLFYTLVGSLPLLIALIYTHNTLGSLNILLLT
LTAQELSNSWANNLMWLAYTMAFMVKMPLYGLHLWLPKAHVEAPIAGSMVLAAVLLKLGG
YGMMRLTLILNPLTKHMAYPFLVLSLWGMIMTSSICLRQTDLKSLIAYSSISHMALVVTA
ILIQTPWSFTGAVILMIAHGLTSSLLFCLANSNYERTHSRIMILSQGLQTLLPLMAFWWL
LASLANLALPPTINLLGELSVLVTTFSWSNITLLLTGLNMLVTALYSLYMFTTTQWGSLT
HHINNMKPSFTRENTLMFMHLSPILLLSLNPDIITGFSS
Enzyme 57 Number of Residues 459
Enzyme 57 Molecular Weight 51580.3
Enzyme 57 Theoretical pI 9.67
Enzyme 57 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
  • cellular metabolic process
  • electron transport chain
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolic process
  • mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone
  • oxidation reduction
  • respiratory electron transport chain
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • mitochondrion
  • organelle
Enzyme 57 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 57 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 57 Pathways
Enzyme 57 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol [RN:R02163]
Enzyme 57 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 57 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 57 Transmembrane Regions
  • 22-42 60-80 102-122 145-165 196-216 224-244 257-277 284-303 308-330 351-371 391-411
Enzyme 57 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 57 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 57 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P03905 Link Image
Enzyme 57 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NU4M_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 57 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 57 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 57 Gene Sequence >1378 bp
ATGCTAAAACTAATCGTCCCAACAATTATATTACTACCACTGACATGACTTTCCAAAAAA
CACATAATTTGAATCAACACAACCACCCACAGCCTAATTATTAGCATCATCCCTCTACTA
TTTTTTAACCAAATCAACAACAACCTATTTAGCTGTTCCCCAACCTTTTCCTCCGACCCC
CTAACAACCCCCCTCCTAATACTAACTACCTGACTCCTACCCCTCACAATCATGGCAAGC
CAACGCCACTTATCCAGTGAACCACTATCACGAAAAAAACTCTACCTCTCTATACTAATC
TCCCTACAAATCTCCTTAATTATAACATTCACAGCCACAGAACTAATCATATTTTATATC
TTCTTCGAAACCACACTTATCCCCACCTTGGCTATCATCACCCGATGAGGCAACCAGCCA
GAACGCCTGAACGCAGGCACATACTTCCTATTCTACACCCTAGTAGGCTCCCTTCCCCTA
CTCATCGCACTAATTTACACTCACAACACCCTAGGCTCACTAAACATTCTACTACTCACT
CTCACTGCCCAAGAACTATCAAACTCCTGAGCCAACAACTTAATATGACTAGCTTACACA
ATAGCTTTTATAGTAAAGATACCTCTTTACGGACTCCACTTATGACTCCCTAAAGCCCAT
GTCGAAGCCCCCATCGCTGGGTCAATAGTACTTGCCGCAGTACTCTTAAAACTAGGCGGC
TATGGTATAATACGCCTCACACTCATTCTCAACCCCCTGACAAAACACATAGCCTACCCC
TTCCTTGTACTATCCCTATGAGGCATAATTATAACAAGCTCCATCTGCCTACGACAAACA
GACCTAAAATCGCTCATTGCATACTCTTCAATCAGCCACATAGCCCTCGTAGTAACAGCC
ATTCTCATCCAAACCCCCTGAAGCTTCACCGGCGCAGTCATTCTCATAATCGCCCACGGG
CTTACATCCTCATTACTATTCTGCCTAGCAAACTCAAACTACGAACGCACTCACAGTCGC
ATCATAATCCTCTCTCAAGGACTTCAAACTCTACTCCCACTAATAGCTTTTTGATGACTT
CTAGCAAGCCTCGCTAACCTCGCCTTACCCCCCACTATTAACCTACTGGGAGAACTCTCT
GTGCTAGTAACCACGTTCTCCTGATCAAATATCACTCTCCTACTTACAGGACTCAACATA
CTAGTCACAGCCCTATACTCCCTCTACATATTTACCACAACACAATGGGGCTCACTCACC
CACCACATTAACAACATAAAACCCTCATTCACACGAGAAAACACCCTCATGTTCATACAC
CTATCCCCCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAACCCCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTT
Enzyme 57 GenBank Gene ID J01415 Link Image
Enzyme 57 GeneCard ID MT-ND4 Link Image
Enzyme 57 GenAtlas ID MT-ND4 Link Image
Enzyme 57 HGNC ID HGNC:7459 Link Image
Enzyme 57 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 57 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 57 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 57 General References
  1. Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, de Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Drouin J, Eperon IC, Nierlich DP, Roe BA, Sanger F, Schreier PH, Smith AJ, Staden R, Young IG: Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature. 1981 Apr 9;290(5806):457-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Lu X, Walker T, MacManus JP, Seligy VL: Differentiation of HT-29 human colonic adenocarcinoma cells correlates with increased expression of mitochondrial RNA: effects of trehalose on cell growth and maturation. Cancer Res. 1992 Jul 1;52(13):3718-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Silva WA Jr, Bonatto SL, Holanda AJ, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos AK, Paixao BM, Goldman GH, Abe-Sandes K, Rodriguez-Delfin L, Barbosa M, Paco-Larson ML, Petzl-Erler ML, Valente V, Santos SE, Zago MA: Mitochondrial genome diversity of Native Americans supports a single early entry of founder populations into America. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Jul;71(1):187-92. Epub 2002 May 17. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Moilanen JS, Finnila S, Majamaa K: Lineage-specific selection in human mtDNA: lack of polymorphisms in a segment of MTND5 gene in haplogroup J. Mol Biol Evol. 2003 Dec;20(12):2132-42. Epub 2003 Aug 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ingman M, Kaessmann H, Paabo S, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans. Nature. 2000 Dec 7;408(6813):708-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Ingman M, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and evolutionary history of Australian and New Guinean aborigines. Genome Res. 2003 Jul;13(7):1600-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Coble MD, Just RS, O'Callaghan JE, Letmanyi IH, Peterson CT, Irwin JA, Parsons TJ: Single nucleotide polymorphisms over the entire mtDNA genome that increase the power of forensic testing in Caucasians. Int J Legal Med. 2004 Jun;118(3):137-46. Epub 2004 Feb 4. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Brown WM, Prager EM, Wang A, Wilson AC: Mitochondrial DNA sequences of primates: tempo and mode of evolution. J Mol Evol. 1982;18(4):225-39. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Chomyn A, Mariottini P, Cleeter MW, Ragan CI, Matsuno-Yagi A, Hatefi Y, Doolittle RF, Attardi G: Six unidentified reading frames of human mitochondrial DNA encode components of the respiratory-chain NADH dehydrogenase. Nature. 1985 Apr 18-24;314(6012):592-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Wallace DC, Singh G, Lott MT, Hodge JA, Schurr TG, Lezza AM, Elsas LJ 2nd, Nikoskelainen EK: Mitochondrial DNA mutation associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Science. 1988 Dec 9;242(4884):1427-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Majander A, Huoponen K, Savontaus ML, Nikoskelainen E, Wikstrom M: Electron transfer properties of NADH:ubiquinone reductase in the ND1/3460 and the ND4/11778 mutations of the Leber hereditary optic neuroretinopathy (LHON). FEBS Lett. 1991 Nov 4;292(1-2):289-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Kormann BA, Schuster H, Berninger TA, Leo-Kottler B: Detection of the G to A mitochondrial DNA mutation at position 11778 in German families with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Hum Genet. 1991 Nov;88(1):98-100. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Marzuki S, Noer AS, Lertrit P, Thyagarajan D, Kapsa R, Utthanaphol P, Byrne E: Normal variants of human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: the building of a reference data base. Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;88(2):139-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Lertrit P, Noer AS, Jean-Francois MJ, Kapsa R, Dennett X, Thyagarajan D, Lethlean K, Byrne E, Marzuki S: A new disease-related mutation for mitochondrial encephalopathy lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS) syndrome affects the ND4 subunit of the respiratory complex I. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Sep;51(3):457-68. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. De Vries DD, Went LN, Bruyn GW, Scholte HR, Hofstra RM, Bolhuis PA, van Oost BA: Genetic and biochemical impairment of mitochondrial complex I activity in a family with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and hereditary spastic dystonia. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Apr;58(4):703-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Sudoyo H, Sitepu M, Malik S, Poesponegoro HD, Marzuki S: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in Indonesia: two families with the mtDNA 11778G>A and 14484T>C mutations. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S271-4. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 57 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 58 [top]
Enzyme 58 ID 5411
Enzyme 58 Name Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial
Enzyme 58 Synonyms
  1. CybS
  2. CII-4
  3. QPs3
  4. Succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D
  5. Succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase cytochrome b small subunit
  6. Succinate-ubiquinone reductase membrane anchor subunit
Enzyme 58 Gene Name SDHD
Enzyme 58 Protein Sequence >Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial
MAVLWRLSAVCGALGGRALLLRTPVVRPAHISAFLQDRPIPEWCGVQHIHLSPSHHSGSK
AASLHWTSERVVSVLLLGLLPAAYLNPCSAMDYSLAAALTLHGHWGLGQVVTDYVHGDAL
QKAAKAGLLALSALTFAGLCYFNYHDVGICKAVAMLWKL
Enzyme 58 Number of Residues 159
Enzyme 58 Molecular Weight 17042.8
Enzyme 58 Theoretical pI 8.75
Enzyme 58 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • acetyl-CoA catabolic process
  • acetyl-CoA metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • coenzyme metabolic process
  • cofactor metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • tricarboxylic acid cycle
Component
  • cell part
  • envelope
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane part
  • mitochondrial envelope
  • organelle envelope
Enzyme 58 General Function Involved in iron ion binding
Enzyme 58 Specific Function Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q)
Enzyme 58 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 58 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 58 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 58 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 58 Transmembrane Regions
  • 64-85 91-111 121-142
Enzyme 58 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 58 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 58 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O14521 Link Image
Enzyme 58 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DHSD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 58 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 58 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 58 Gene Sequence >480 bp
ATGGCGGTTCTCTGGAGGCTGAGTGCCGTTTGCGGTGCCCTAGGAGGCCGAGCTCTGTTG
CTTCGAACTCCAGTGGTCAGACCTGCTCATATCTCAGCATTTCTTCAGGACCGACCTATC
CCAGAATGGTGTGGAGTGCAGCACATACACTTGTCACCGAGCCACCATTCTGGCTCCAAG
GCTGCATCTCTCCACTGGACTAGCGAGAGGGTTGTCAGTGTTTTGCTCCTGGGTCTGCTT
CCGGCTGCTTATTTGAATCCTTGCTCTGCGATGGACTATTCCCTGGCTGCAGCCCTCACT
CTTCATGGTCACTGGGGCCTTGGACAAGTTGTTACTGACTATGTTCATGGGGATGCCTTG
CAGAAAGCTGCCAAGGCAGGGCTTTTGGCACTTTCAGCTTTAACCTTTGCTGGGCTTTGC
TATTTCAACTATCACGATGTGGGCATCTGCAAAGCTGTTGCCATGCTGTGGAAGCTCTGA
Enzyme 58 GenBank Gene ID AB006202 Link Image
Enzyme 58 GeneCard ID SDHD Link Image
Enzyme 58 GenAtlas ID SDHD Link Image
Enzyme 58 HGNC ID HGNC:10683 Link Image
Enzyme 58 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 58 Locus 11q23
Enzyme 58 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 58 General References
  1. Hirawake H, Taniwaki M, Tamura A, Kojima S, Kita K: Cytochrome b in human complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase): cDNA cloning of the components in liver mitochondria and chromosome assignment of the genes for the large (SDHC) and small (SDHD) subunits to 1q21 and 11q23. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1997;79(1-2):132-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hirawake H, Taniwaki M, Tamura A, Amino H, Tomitsuka E, Kita K: Characterization of the human SDHD gene encoding the small subunit of cytochrome b (cybS) in mitochondrial succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Aug 4;1412(3):295-300. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Otsuki T, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Hayashi K, Suzuki Y, Yamamoto J, Wakamatsu A, Kimura K, Sakamoto K, Hatano N, Kawai Y, Ishii S, Saito K, Kojima S, Sugiyama T, Ono T, Okano K, Yoshikawa Y, Aotsuka S, Sasaki N, Hattori A, Okumura K, Nagai K, Sugano S, Isogai T: Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries. DNA Res. 2005;12(2):117-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Taylor TD, Noguchi H, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Dewar K, Lloyd C, Itoh T, Takeda T, Kim DW, She X, Barlow KF, Bloom T, Bruford E, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Eichler E, FitzGerald MG, Jaffe DB, LaButti K, Nicol R, Park HS, Seaman C, Sougnez C, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Zody MC, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Rogers J, Lander ES, Sakaki Y: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):497-500. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gimm O, Armanios M, Dziema H, Neumann HP, Eng C: Somatic and occult germ-line mutations in SDHD, a mitochondrial complex II gene, in nonfamilial pheochromocytoma. Cancer Res. 2000 Dec 15;60(24):6822-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Baysal BE, Ferrell RE, Willett-Brozick JE, Lawrence EC, Myssiorek D, Bosch A, van der Mey A, Taschner PE, Rubinstein WS, Myers EN, Richard CW 3rd, Cornelisse CJ, Devilee P, Devlin B: Mutations in SDHD, a mitochondrial complex II gene, in hereditary paraganglioma. Science. 2000 Feb 4;287(5454):848-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Milunsky JM, Maher TA, Michels VV, Milunsky A: Novel mutations and the emergence of a common mutation in the SDHD gene causing familial paraganglioma. Am J Med Genet. 2001 May 15;100(4):311-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Badenhop RF, Cherian S, Lord RS, Baysal BE, Taschner PE, Schofield PR: Novel mutations in the SDHD gene in pedigrees with familial carotid body paraganglioma and sensorineural hearing loss. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2001 Jul;31(3):255-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Taschner PE, Jansen JC, Baysal BE, Bosch A, Rosenberg EH, Brocker-Vriends AH, van Der Mey AG, van Ommen GJ, Cornelisse CJ, Devilee P: Nearly all hereditary paragangliomas in the Netherlands are caused by two founder mutations in the SDHD gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2001 Jul;31(3):274-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Masuoka J, Brandner S, Paulus W, Soffer D, Vital A, Chimelli L, Jouvet A, Yonekawa Y, Kleihues P, Ohgaki H: Germline SDHD mutation in paraganglioma of the spinal cord. Oncogene. 2001 Aug 16;20(36):5084-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Kytola S, Nord B, Elder EE, Carling T, Kjellman M, Cedermark B, Juhlin C, Hoog A, Isola J, Larsson C: Alterations of the SDHD gene locus in midgut carcinoids, Merkel cell carcinomas, pheochromocytomas, and abdominal paragangliomas. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2002 Jul;34(3):325-32. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Favier J, Rustin P, Rieubland C, Crespin M, Nau V, Khau Van Kien P, Corvol P, Plouin PF, Jeunemaitre X: Mutations in the SDHB gene are associated with extra-adrenal and/or malignant phaeochromocytomas. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5615-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Neumann HP, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Bender BU, Gimm O, Franke G, Schipper J, Klisch J, Altehoefer C, Zerres K, Januszewicz A, Eng C, Smith WM, Munk R, Manz T, Glaesker S, Apel TW, Treier M, Reineke M, Walz MK, Hoang-Vu C, Brauckhoff M, Klein-Franke A, Klose P, Schmidt H, Maier-Woelfle M, Peczkowska M, Szmigielski C, Eng C: Germ-line mutations in nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med. 2002 May 9;346(19):1459-66. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Cascon A, Ruiz-Llorente S, Cebrian A, Leton R, Telleria D, Benitez J, Robledo M: G12S and H50R variations are polymorphisms in the SDHD gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2003 Jun;37(2):220-1. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Neumann HP, Pawlu C, Peczkowska M, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Muresan M, Buchta M, Franke G, Klisch J, Bley TA, Hoegerle S, Boedeker CC, Opocher G, Schipper J, Januszewicz A, Eng C: Distinct clinical features of paraganglioma syndromes associated with SDHB and SDHD gene mutations. JAMA. 2004 Aug 25;292(8):943-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Leube B, Huber R, Goecke TO, Sandmann W, Royer-Pokora B: SDHD mutation analysis in seven German patients with sporadic carotid body paraganglioma: one novel mutation, no Dutch founder mutation and further evidence that G12S is a polymorphism. Clin Genet. 2004 Jan;65(1):61-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. McWhinney SR, Pasini B, Stratakis CA: Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors and germ-line mutations. N Engl J Med. 2007 Sep 6;357(10):1054-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Ni Y, Zbuk KM, Sadler T, Patocs A, Lobo G, Edelman E, Platzer P, Orloff MS, Waite KA, Eng C: Germline mutations and variants in the succinate dehydrogenase genes in Cowden and Cowden-like syndromes. Am J Hum Genet. 2008 Aug;83(2):261-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Ley TJ, Mardis ER, Ding L, Fulton B, McLellan MD, Chen K, Dooling D, Dunford-Shore BH, McGrath S, Hickenbotham M, Cook L, Abbott R, Larson DE, Koboldt DC, Pohl C, Smith S, Hawkins A, Abbott S, Locke D, Hillier LW, Miner T, Fulton L, Magrini V, Wylie T, Glasscock J, Conyers J, Sander N, Shi X, Osborne JR, Minx P, Gordon D, Chinwalla A, Zhao Y, Ries RE, Payton JE, Westervelt P, Tomasson MH, Watson M, Baty J, Ivanovich J, Heath S, Shannon WD, Nagarajan R, Walter MJ, Link DC, Graubert TA, DiPersio JF, Wilson RK: DNA sequencing of a cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia genome. Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):66-72. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 58 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 59 [top]
Enzyme 59 ID 5412
Enzyme 59 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial
Enzyme 59 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-20kD
  2. CI-20kD
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 20 kDa subunit
  4. PSST subunit
Enzyme 59 Gene Name NDUFS7
Enzyme 59 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial
MAVLSAPGLRGFRILGLRSSVGPAVQARGVHQSVATDGPSSTQPALPKARAVAPKPSSRG
EYVVAKLDDLVNWARRSSLWPMTFGLACCAVEMMHMAAPRYDMDRFGVVFRASPRQSDVM
IVAGTLTNKMAPALRKVYDQMPEPRYVVSMGSCANGGGYYHYSYSVVRGCDRIVPVDIYI
PGCPPTAEALLYGILQLQRKIKRERRLQIWYRR
Enzyme 59 Number of Residues 213
Enzyme 59 Molecular Weight 23563.3
Enzyme 59 Theoretical pI 10.36
Enzyme 59 GO Classification
Function
  • 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cofactor binding
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
  • quinone binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 59 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 59 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 59 Pathways
Enzyme 59 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor [RN:R00281]
Enzyme 59 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 59 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 59 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 59 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 59 GenBank ID Protein 187281616 Link Image
Enzyme 59 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O75251 Link Image
Enzyme 59 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUS7_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 59 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 59 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 59 Gene Sequence >642 bp
ATGGCGGTGCTGTCAGCTCCTGGCCTGCGCGGCTTCCGGATCCTTGGTCTGCGCTCCAGC
GTGGGCCCGGCTGTGCAGGCACGAGGTGTCCATCAGAGCGTGGCCACCGATGGCCCAAGC
AGCACCCAGCCTGCCCTGCCAAAGGCCAGAGCCGTGGCTCCCAAACCCAGCAGCCGGGGC
GAGTATGTGGTGGCCAAGCTGGATGACCTCGTCAACTGGGCCCGCCGGAGTTCTCTGTGG
CCCATGACCTTCGGCCTGGCCTGCTGCGCCGTGGAGATGATGCACATGGCAGCACCCCGC
TACGACATGGACCGCTTTGGCGTGGTCTTCCGCGCCAGCCCGCGCCAGTCCGACGTCATG
ATCGTGGCCGGCACACTCACCAACAAGATGGCCCCAGCGCTTCGCAAGGTCTACGACCAG
ATGCCGGAGCCGCGCTACGTGGTCTCCATGGGGAGCTGCGCCAACGGAGGAGGCTACTAC
CACTATTCCTACTCGGTGGTGAGGGGCTGCGACCGCATCGTGCCCGTGGACATCTACATC
CCAGGCTGCCCACCTACGGCCGAGGCCCTGCTCTACGGCATCCTGCAGCTGCAGAGGAAG
ATCAAGCGGGAGCGGAGGCTGCAGATCTGGTACCGCAGGTAG
Enzyme 59 GenBank Gene ID NM_024407.4 Link Image
Enzyme 59 GeneCard ID NDUFS7 Link Image
Enzyme 59 GenAtlas ID NDUFS7 Link Image
Enzyme 59 HGNC ID HGNC:7714 Link Image
Enzyme 59 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 59 Locus 19p13.3
Enzyme 59 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 59 General References
  1. Hyslop SJ, Duncan AM, Pitkanen S, Robinson BH: Assignment of the PSST subunit gene of human mitochondrial complex I to chromosome 19p13. Genomics. 1996 Nov 1;37(3):375-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A, Terry A, Schmutz J, Lamerdin J, Hellsten U, Goodstein D, Couronne O, Tran-Gyamfi M, Aerts A, Altherr M, Ashworth L, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caenepeel S, Carrano A, Caoile C, Chan YM, Christensen M, Cleland CA, Copeland A, Dalin E, Dehal P, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Garcia C, Georgescu AM, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Ho I, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Larionov V, Leem SH, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McCready P, Medina C, Morgan J, Nelson K, Nolan M, Ovcharenko I, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Popkie AP, Predki P, Quan G, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, She X, Smith D, Slezak T, Solovyev V, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wagner M, Wheeler J, Wu K, Xie G, Yang J, Dubchak I, Furey TS, DeJong P, Dickson M, Gordon D, Eichler EE, Pennacchio LA, Richardson P, Stubbs L, Rokhsar DS, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Lucas SM: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):529-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Loeffen JL, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Rubio Gozalbo ME, Budde SM, Mariman EC, Wijburg FA, Barth PG, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA: Leigh syndrome associated with a mutation in the NDUFS7 (PSST) nuclear encoded subunit of complex I. Ann Neurol. 1999 Jun;45(6):787-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Smeitink J, van den Heuvel L: Human mitochondrial complex I in health and disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Jun;64(6):1505-10. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 59 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 60 [top]
Enzyme 60 ID 5413
Enzyme 60 Name Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase
Enzyme 60 Synonyms
  1. Xanthine dehydrogenase
  2. XD
  3. Xanthine oxidase
  4. XO
  5. Xanthine oxidoreductase
Enzyme 60 Gene Name XDH
Enzyme 60 Protein Sequence >Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase
MTADKLVFFVNGRKVVEKNADPETTLLAYLRRKLGLSGTKLGCGEGGCGACTVMLSKYDR
LQNKIVHFSANACLAPICSLHHVAVTTVEGIGSTKTRLHPVQERIAKSHGSQCGFCTPGI
VMSMYTLLRNQPEPTMEEIENAFQGNLCRCTGYRPILQGFRTFARDGGCCGGDGNNPNCC
MNQKKDHSVSLSPSLFKPEEFTPLDPTQEPIFPPELLRLKDTPRKQLRFEGERVTWIQAS
TLKELLDLKAQHPDAKLVVGNTEIGIEMKFKNMLFPMIVCPAWIPELNSVEHGPDGISFG
AACPLSIVEKTLVDAVAKLPAQKTEVFRGVLEQLRWFAGKQVKSVASVGGNIITASPISD
LNPVFMASGAKLTLVSRGTRRTVQMDHTFFPGYRKTLLSPEEILLSIEIPYSREGEYFSA
FKQASRREDDIAKVTSGMRVLFKPGTTEVQELALCYGGMANRTISALKTTQRQLSKLWKE
ELLQDVCAGLAEELHLPPDAPGGMVDFRCTLTLSFFFKFYLTVLQKLGQENLEDKCGKLD
PTFASATLLFQKDPPADVQLFQEVPKGQSEEDMVGRPLPHLAADMQASGEAVYCDDIPRY
ENELSLRLVTSTRAHAKIKSIDTSEAKKVPGFVCFISADDVPGSNITGICNDETVFAKDK
VTCVGHIIGAVVADTPEHTQRAAQGVKITYEELPAIITIEDAIKNNSFYGPELKIEKGDL
KKGFSEADNVVSGEIYIGGQEHFYLETHCTIAVPKGEAGEMELFVSTQNTMKTQSFVAKM
LGVPANRIVVRVKRMGGGFGGKETRSTVVSTAVALAAYKTGRPVRCMLDRDEDMLITGGR
HPFLARYKVGFMKTGTVVALEVDHFSNVGNTQDLSQSIMERALFHMDNCYKIPNIRGTGR
LCKTNLPSNTAFRGFGGPQGMLIAECWMSEVAVTCGMPAEEVRRKNLYKEGDLTHFNQKL
EGFTLPRCWEECLASSQYHARKSEVDKFNKENCWKKRGLCIIPTKFGISFTVPFLNQAGA
LLHVYTDGSVLLTHGGTEMGQGLHTKMVQVASRALKIPTSKIYISETSTNTVPNTSPTAA
SVSADLNGQAVYAACQTILKRLEPYKKKNPSGSWEDWVTAAYMDTVSLSATGFYRTPNLG
YSFETNSGNPFHYFSYGVACSEVEIDCLTGDHKNLRTDIVMDVGSSLNPAIDIGQVEGAF
VQGLGLFTLEELHYSPEGSLHTRGPSTYKIPAFGSIPIEFRVSLLRDCPNKKAIYASKAV
GEPPLFLAASIFFAIKDAIRAARAQHTGNNVKELFRLDSPATPEKIRNACVDKFTTLCVT
GVPENCKPWSVRV
Enzyme 60 Number of Residues 1333
Enzyme 60 Molecular Weight 146423.0
Enzyme 60 Theoretical pI 7.70
Enzyme 60 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • metal ion binding
  • molybdenum ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups, NAD or NADP as acceptor
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups, oxygen as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
  • xanthine dehydrogenase activity
  • xanthine oxidase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 60 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 60 Specific Function Key enzyme in purine degradation. Catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine. Catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. Contributes to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Has also low oxidase activity towards aldehydes (in vitro)
Enzyme 60 Pathways
Enzyme 60 Reactions
  • xanthine + H2O + O2 = urate + H2O2 [RN:R02107]
Enzyme 60 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 60 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 60 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 60 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 60 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 60 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P47989 Link Image
Enzyme 60 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name XDH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 60 PDB ID 1V97 Link Image
Enzyme 60 PDB File Show
Enzyme 60 3D Structure
Enzyme 60 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 60 Gene Sequence >4002 bp
ATGACAGCAGACAAATTGGTTTTCTTTGTGAATGGCAGAAAGGTGGTGGAGAAAAATGCA
GATCCAGAGACAACCCTTTTGGCCTACCTGAGAAGAAAGTTGGGGCTGAGTGGAACCAAG
CTCGGCTGTGGAGAGGGGGGCTGCGGGGCTTGCACAGTGATGCTCTCCAAGTATGATCGT
CTGCAGAACAAGATCGTCCACTTTTCTGCCAATGCCTGCCTGGCCCCCATCTGCTCCTTG
CACCATGTTGCAGTGACAACTGTGGAAGGAATAGGAAGCACCAAGACGAGGCTGCATCCT
GTGCAGGAGAGAATTGCCAAAAGCCACGGCTCCCAGTGCGGGTTCTGCACCCCTGGCATC
GTCATGAGTATGTACACACTGCTCCGGAATCAGCCCGAGCCCACCATGGAGGAGATTGAG
AATGCCTTCCAAGGAAATCTGTGCCGCTGCACAGGCTACAGACCCATCCTCCAGGGCTTC
CGGACCTTTGCCAGGGATGGTGGATGCTGTGGAGGAGATGGGAATAATCCAAATTGCTGC
ATGAACCAGAAGAAAGACCACTCAGTCAGCCTCTCGCCATCTTTATTCAAACCAGAGGAG
TTCACGCCCCTGGATCCAACCCAGGAGCCCATTTTTCCCCCAGAGTTGCTGAGGCTGAAA
GACACTCCTCGGAAGCAGCTGCGATTTGAAGGGGAGCGTGTGACGTGGATACAGGCCTCA
ACCCTCAAGGAGCTGCTGGACCTCAAGGCTCAGCACCCTGACGCCAAGCTGGTCGTGGGG
AACACGGAGATTGGCATTGAGATGAAGTTCAAGAATATGCTGTTTCCTATGATTGTCTGC
CCAGCCTGGATCCCTGAGCTGAATTCGGTAGAACATGGACCCGACGGTATCTCCTTTGGA
GCTGCTTGCCCCCTGAGCATTGTGGAAAAAACCCTGGTGGATGCTGTTGCTAAGCTTCCT
GCCCAAAAGACAGAGGTGTTCAGAGGGGTCCTGGAGCAGCTGCGCTGGTTTGCTGGGAAG
CAAGTCAAGTCTGTGGCGTCCGTTGGAGGGAACATCATCACTGCCAGCCCCATCTCCGAC
CTCAACCCCGTGTTCATGGCCAGTGGGGCCAAGCTGACACTTGTGTCCAGAGGCACCAGG
AGAACTGTCCAGATGGACCACACCTTCTTCCCTGGCTACAGAAAGACCCTGCTGAGCCCG
GAGGAGATACTGCTCTCCATAGAGATCCCCTACAGCAGGGAGGGGGAGTATTTCTCAGCA
TTCAAGCAGGCCTCCCGGAGAGAAGATGACATTGCCAAGGTAACCAGTGGCATGAGAGTT
TTATTCAAGCCAGGAACCACAGAGGTACAGGAGCTGGCCCTTTGCTATGGTGGAATGGCC
AACAGAACCATCTCAGCCCTCAAGACCACTCAGAGGCAGCTTTCCAAGCTCTGGAAGGAG
GAGCTGCTGCAGGACGTGTGTGCAGGACTGGCAGAGGAGCTGCATCTGCCTCCCGATGCC
CCTGGTGGCATGGTGGACTTCCGGTGCACCCTCACCCTCAGCTTCTTCTTCAAGTTCTAC
CTGACAGTCCTTCAGAAGCTGGGCCAAGAGAACCTGGAAGACAAGTGTGGTAAACTGGAC
CCCACTTTCGCCAGTGCAACTTTACTGTTTCAGAAAGACCCCCCAGCCGATGTCCAGCTC
TTCCAAGAGGTGCCCAAGGGTCAGTCTGAGGAGGACATGGTGGGCCGGCCCCTGCCCCAC
CTGGCAGCGGACATGCAGGCCTCTGGTGAGGCCGTGTACTGTGACGACATTCCTCGCTAC
GAGAATGAGCTGTCTCTCCGGCTGGTCACCAGCACCCGGGCCCACGCCAAGATCAAGTCC
ATAGATACATCAGAAGCTAAGAAGGTTCCAGGGTTTGTTTGTTTCATTTCCGCTGATGAT
GTTCCTGGGAGTAACATAACTGGAATTTGTAATGATGAGACAGTCTTTGCGAAGGATAAG
GTTACTTGTGTTGGGCATATCATTGGTGCTGTGGTTGCTGACACCCCGGAACACACACAG
AGAGCTGCCCAAGGGGTGAAAATCACCTATGAAGAACTACCAGCCATTATCACAATTGAG
GATGCTATAAAGAACAACTCCTTTTATGGACCTGAGCTGAAGATCGAGAAAGGGGACCTA
AAGAAGGGGTTTTCCGAAGCAGATAATGTTGTGTCAGGGGAGATATACATCGGTGGCCAA
GAGCACTTCTACCTGGAGACTCACTGCACCATTGCTGTTCCAAAAGGCGAGGCAGGGGAG
ATGGAGCTCTTTGTGTCTACACAGAACACCATGAAGACCCAGAGCTTTGTTGCAAAAATG
TTGGGGGTTCCAGCAAACCGGATTGTGGTTCGAGTGAAGAGAATGGGAGGAGGCTTTGGA
GGCAAGGAGACCCGGAGCACTGTGGTGTCCACGGCAGTGGCCCTGGCTGCATATAAGACC
GGCCGCCCTGTGCGATGCATGCTGGACCGTGATGAGGACATGCTGATAACTGGTGGCAGA
CATCCCTTCCTGGCCAGATACAAGGTTGGCTTCATGAAGACTGGGACAGTTGTGGCTCTT
GAGGTGGACCACTTCAGCAATGTGGGGAACACCCAGGATCTCTCTCAGAGTATTATGGAA
CGAGCTTTATTCCACATGGACAACTGCTATAAAATCCCCAACATCCGGGGCACTGGGCGG
CTGTGCAAAACCAACCTTCCCTCCAACACGGCCTTCCGGGGCTTTGGGGGGCCCCAGGGG
ATGCTCATTGCCGAGTGCTGGATGAGTGAAGTTGCAGTGACCTGTGGGATGCCTGCAGAG
GAGGTGCGGAGAAAAAACCTGTACAAAGAAGGGGACCTGACACACTTCAACCAGAAGCTT
GAGGGTTTCACCTTGCCCAGATGCTGGGAAGAATGCCTAGCAAGCTCTCAGTATCATGCT
CGGAAGAGTGAGGTTGACAAGTTCAACAAGGAGAATTGTTGGAAAAAGAGAGGATTGTGC
ATAATTCCCACCAAGTTTGGAATAAGCTTCACAGTTCCTTTTCTGAATCAGGCAGGAGCC
CTACTTCATGTGTACACAGATGGCTCTGTGCTGCTGACCCACGGGGGGACTGAGATGGGC
CAAGGCCTTCATACCAAAATGGTCCAGGTGGCCAGTAGAGCTCTGAAAATCCCCACCTCT
AAGATTTATATCAGCGAGACAAGCACTAACACTGTGCCCAACACCTCTCCCACGGCTGCC
TCTGTCAGCGCTGACCTCAATGGACAGGCCGTCTATGCGGCTTGTCAGACCATCTTGAAA
AGGCTGGAACCCTACAAGAAGAAGAATCCCAGTGGCTCCTGGGAAGACTGGGTCACAGCT
GCCTACATGGACACAGTGAGCTTGTCTGCCACTGGGTTTTATAGAACACCCAATCTGGGC
TACAGCTTTGAGACTAACTCAGGGAACCCCTTCCACTACTTCAGCTATGGGGTGGCTTGC
TCTGAAGTAGAAATCGACTGCCTAACAGGAGATCATAAGAACCTCCGCACAGATATTGTC
ATGGATGTTGGCTCCAGTCTAAACCCTGCCATTGATATTGGACAGGTGGAAGGGGCATTT
GTCCAGGGCCTTGGCCTCTTCACCCTAGAGGAGCTACACTATTCCCCCGAGGGGAGCCTG
CACACCCGTGGCCCTAGCACCTACAAGATCCCGGCATTTGGCAGCATCCCCATTGAGTTC
AGGGTGTCCCTGCTCCGCGACTGCCCCAACAAGAAGGCCATCTATGCATCGAAGGCTGTT
GGAGAGCCGCCCCTCTTCCTGGCTGCTTCTATCTTCTTTGCCATCAAAGATGCCATCCGT
GCAGCTCGAGCTCAGCACACAGGTAATAACGTGAAGGAACTCTTCCGGCTAGACAGCCCT
GCCACCCCGGAGAAGATCCGCAATGCCTGCGTGGACAAGTTCACCACCCTGTGTGTCACT
GGTGTCCCAGAAAACTGCAAACCCTGGTCTGTGAGGGTCTAA
Enzyme 60 GenBank Gene ID D11456 Link Image
Enzyme 60 GeneCard ID XDH Link Image
Enzyme 60 GenAtlas ID XDH Link Image
Enzyme 60 HGNC ID HGNC:12805 Link Image
Enzyme 60 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 60 Locus 2p23.1
Enzyme 60 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 60 General References
  1. Ichida K, Amaya Y, Noda K, Minoshima S, Hosoya T, Sakai O, Shimizu N, Nishino T: Cloning of the cDNA encoding human xanthine dehydrogenase (oxidase): structural analysis of the protein and chromosomal location of the gene. Gene. 1993 Nov 15;133(2):279-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Xu P, Huecksteadt TP, Harrison R, Hoidal JR: Molecular cloning, tissue expression of human xanthine dehydrogenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Mar 15;199(2):998-1004. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Xu P, Huecksteadt TP, Harrison R, Hoidal JR: Molecular cloning, tissue expression of human xanthine dehydrogenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Oct 4;215(1):429. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Saksela M, Raivio KO: Cloning and expression in vitro of human xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase. Biochem J. 1996 Apr 1;315 ( Pt 1):235-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Ichida K, Amaya Y, Kamatani N, Nishino T, Hosoya T, Sakai O: Identification of two mutations in human xanthine dehydrogenase gene responsible for classical type I xanthinuria. J Clin Invest. 1997 May 15;99(10):2391-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Levartovsky D, Lagziel A, Sperling O, Liberman U, Yaron M, Hosoya T, Ichida K, Peretz H: XDH gene mutation is the underlying cause of classical xanthinuria: a second report. Kidney Int. 2000 Jun;57(6):2215-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Picariello G, Ferranti P, Mamone G, Roepstorff P, Addeo F: Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human milk by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Proteomics. 2008 Sep;8(18):3833-47. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Yamaguchi Y, Matsumura T, Ichida K, Okamoto K, Nishino T: Human xanthine oxidase changes its substrate specificity to aldehyde oxidase type upon mutation of amino acid residues in the active site: roles of active site residues in binding and activation of purine substrate. J Biochem. 2007 Apr;141(4):513-24. Epub 2007 Feb 14. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Sakamoto N, Yamamoto T, Moriwaki Y, Teranishi T, Toyoda M, Onishi Y, Kuroda S, Sakaguchi K, Fujisawa T, Maeda M, Hada T: Identification of a new point mutation in the human xanthine dehydrogenase gene responsible for a case of classical type I xanthinuria. Hum Genet. 2001 Apr;108(4):279-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Gok F, Ichida K, Topaloglu R: Mutational analysis of the xanthine dehydrogenase gene in a Turkish family with autosomal recessive classical xanthinuria. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003 Nov;18(11):2278-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 60 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 61 [top]
Enzyme 61 ID 5415
Enzyme 61 Name NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase
Enzyme 61 Synonyms
  1. CPR
  2. P450R
Enzyme 61 Gene Name POR
Enzyme 61 Protein Sequence >NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase
MGDSHVDTSSTVSEAVAEEVSLFSMTDMILFSLIVGLLTYWFLFRKKKEEVPEFTKIQTL
TSSVRESSFVEKMKKTGRNIIVFYGSQTGTAEEFANRLSKDAHRYGMRGMSADPEEYDLA
DLSSLPEIDNALVVFCMATYGEGDPTDNAQDFYDWLQETDVDLSGVKFAVFGLGNKTYEH
FNAMGKYVDKRLEQLGAQRIFELGLGDDDGNLEEDFITWREQFWPAVCEHFGVEATGEES
SIRQYELVVHTDIDAAKVYMGEMGRLKSYENQKPPFDAKNPFLAAVTTNRKLNQGTERHL
MHLELDISDSKIRYESGDHVAVYPANDSALVNQLGKILGADLDVVMSLNNLDEESNKKHP
FPCPTSYRTALTYYLDITNPPRTNVLYELAQYASEPSEQELLRKMASSSGEGKELYLSWV
VEARRHILAILQDCPSLRPPIDHLCELLPRLQARYYSIASSSKVHPNSVHICAVVVEYET
KAGRINKGVATNWLRAKEPAGENGGRALVPMFVRKSQFRLPFKATTPVIMVGPGTGVAPF
IGFIQERAWLRQQGKEVGETLLYYGCRRSDEDYLYREELAQFHRDGALTQLNVAFSREQS
HKVYVQHLLKQDREHLWKLIEGGAHIYVCGDARNMARDVQNTFYDIVAELGAMEHAQAVD
YIKKLMTKGRYSLDVWS
Enzyme 61 Number of Residues 677
Enzyme 61 Molecular Weight 76689.1
Enzyme 61 Theoretical pI 5.28
Enzyme 61 GO Classification
Function
  • FMN binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 61 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 61 Specific Function This enzyme is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450 in microsomes. It can also provide electron transfer to heme oxygenase and cytochrome B5
Enzyme 61 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 61 Reactions
  • NADPH + H+ + n oxidized hemoprotein = NADP+ + n reduced hemoprotein
Enzyme 61 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 61 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 61 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 61 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 61 GenBank ID Protein 11414998 Link Image
Enzyme 61 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P16435 Link Image
Enzyme 61 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NCPR_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 61 PDB ID 1AMO Link Image
Enzyme 61 PDB File Show
Enzyme 61 3D Structure
Enzyme 61 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 61 Gene Sequence >2034 bp
ATGGGAGACTCCCACGTGGACACCAGCTCCACCGTGTCCGAGGCGGTGGCCGAAGAAGTA
TCTCTTTTCAGCATGACGGACATGATTCTGTTTTCGCTCATCGTGGGTCTCCTAACCTAC
TGGTTCCTCTTCAGAAAGAAAAAAGAAGAAGTCCCCGAGTTCACCAAAATTCAGACATTG
ACCTCCTCTGTCAGAGAGAGCAGCTTTGTGGAAAAGATGAAGAAAACGGGGAGGAACATC
ATCGTGTTCTACGGCTCCCAGACGGGGACTGCAGAGGAGTTTGCCAACCGCCTGTCCAAG
GACGCCCACCGCTACGGGATGCGAGGCATGTCAGCGGACCCTGAGGAGTATGACCTGGCC
GACCTGAGCAGCCTGCCAGAGATCGACAACGCCCTGGTGGTTTTCTGCATGGCCACCTAC
GGTGAGGGAGACCCCACCGACAATGCCCAGGACTTCTACGACTGGCTGCAGGAGACAGAC
GTGGATCTCTCTGGGGTCAAGTTCGCGGTGTTTGGTCTTGGGAACAAGACCTACGAGCAC
TTCAATGCCATGGGCAAGTACGTGGACAAGCGGCTGGAGCAGCTCGGCGCCCAGCGCATC
TTTGAGCTGGGGTTGGGCGACGACGATGGGAACTTGGAGGAGGACTTCATCACCTGGCGA
GAGCAGTTCTGGCCGGCCGTGTGTGAACACTTTGGGGTGGAAGCCACTGGCGAGGAGTCC
AGCATTCGCCAGTACGAGCTTGTGGTCCACACCGACATAGATGCGGCCAAGGTGTACATG
GGGGAGATGGGCCGGCTGAAGAGCTACGAGAACCAGAAGCCCCCCTTTGATGCCAAGAAT
CCGTTCCTGGCTGCAGTCACCACCAACCGGAAGCTGAACCAGGGAACCGAGCGCCACCTC
ATGCACCTGGAATTGGACATCTCGGACTCCAAAATCAGGTATGAATCTGGGGACCACGTG
GCTGTGTACCCAGCCAACGACTCTGCTCTCGTCAACCAGCTGGGCAAAATCCTGGGTGCC
GACCTGGACGTCGTCATGTCCCTGAACAACCTGGATGAGGAGTCCAACAAGAAGCACCCA
TTCCCGTGCCCTACGTCCTACCGCACGGCCCTCACCTACTACCTGGACATCACCAACCCG
CCGCGTACCAACGTGCTGTACGAGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCTCGGAGCCCTCGGAGCAGGAG
CTGCTGCGCAAGCTGGCCTCCTCCTCCGGCGAGGGCAAGGAGCTGTACCTGAGCTGGGTG
GTGGAGGCCCGGAGGCACATCCTGGCCATCCTGCAGGACTGCCCGTCCCTGCGGCCCCCC
ATCGACCACCTGTGTGAGCTGCTGCCGCGCCTGCAGGCCCGCTACTACTCCATCGCCTCA
TCCTCCAAGGTCCACCCCAACTCTGTGCACATCTGTGCGGTGGTTGTGGAGTACGAGACC
AAGGCCGGCCGCATCAACAAGGGCGTGGCCACCAACTGGCTGCGGGCCAAGGAGCCTGCC
GGGGAGAACGGCGGCCGTGCGCTGGTGCCCATGTTCGTGCGCAAGTCCCAGTTACGCCTG
CCCTTCAAGGCCACCACGCCTGTCATCATGGTGGGCCCCGGCACCGGGGTGGCACCCTTC
ATAGGCTTCATCCAGGAGCGGGCCTGGCTGCGACAGCAGGGCAAGGAGGTGGGGGAGACG
CTGCTGTACTACGGCTGCCGCCGCTCAGATGAGGACTACCTGTACCGGGAGGAGCTGGCG
CAGTTCCACAGGGACGGTGCGCTCACCCAGCTCAACGTGGCCTTCTCCCGGGAGCAGTCC
CACAAGGTCTACGTCCAGCACCTGCTAAAGCAAGACCGAGAGCACCTGTGGAAGTTGATC
GAAGGCGGTGCCCACATCTACGTCTGTGGGGATGCACGGAACATGGCCAGGGATGTGCAG
AACACCTTCTACGACATCGTGGCTGAGCTCGGGGCCATGGAGCACGCGCAGGCGGTGGAC
TACATCAAGAAACTGATGACCAAGGGCCGCTACTCCCTGGACGTGTGGAGCTAG
Enzyme 61 GenBank Gene ID AB051763 Link Image
Enzyme 61 GeneCard ID POR Link Image
Enzyme 61 GenAtlas ID POR Link Image
Enzyme 61 HGNC ID HGNC:9208 Link Image
Enzyme 61 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 61 Locus 7q11.2
Enzyme 61 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 61 General References
  1. Shephard EA, Palmer CN, Segall HJ, Phillips IR: Quantification of cytochrome P450 reductase gene expression in human tissues. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1992 Apr;294(1):168-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Haniu M, McManus ME, Birkett DJ, Lee TD, Shively JE: Structural and functional analysis of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase from human liver: complete sequence of human enzyme and NADPH-binding sites. Biochemistry. 1989 Oct 17;28(21):8639-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Zhao Q, Modi S, Smith G, Paine M, McDonagh PD, Wolf CR, Tew D, Lian LY, Roberts GC, Driessen HP: Crystal structure of the FMN-binding domain of human cytochrome P450 reductase at 1.93 A resolution. Protein Sci. 1999 Feb;8(2):298-306. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Adachi M, Tachibana K, Asakura Y, Yamamoto T, Hanaki K, Oka A: Compound heterozygous mutations of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase gene (POR) in two patients with Antley-Bixler syndrome. Am J Med Genet A. 2004 Aug 1;128A(4):333-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Fukami M, Horikawa R, Nagai T, Tanaka T, Naiki Y, Sato N, Okuyama T, Nakai H, Soneda S, Tachibana K, Matsuo N, Sato S, Homma K, Nishimura G, Hasegawa T, Ogata T: Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase gene mutations and Antley-Bixler syndrome with abnormal genitalia and/or impaired steroidogenesis: molecular and clinical studies in 10 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Jan;90(1):414-26. Epub 2004 Oct 13. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Arlt W, Walker EA, Draper N, Ivison HE, Ride JP, Hammer F, Chalder SM, Borucka-Mankiewicz M, Hauffa BP, Malunowicz EM, Stewart PM, Shackleton CH: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by mutant P450 oxidoreductase and human androgen synthesis: analytical study. Lancet. 2004 Jun 26;363(9427):2128-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Fluck CE, Tajima T, Pandey AV, Arlt W, Okuhara K, Verge CF, Jabs EW, Mendonca BB, Fujieda K, Miller WL: Mutant P450 oxidoreductase causes disordered steroidogenesis with and without Antley-Bixler syndrome. Nat Genet. 2004 Mar;36(3):228-30. Epub 2004 Feb 1. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 61 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 62 [top]
Enzyme 62 ID 5416
Enzyme 62 Name Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 62 Synonyms
  1. DHOdehase
  2. Dihydroorotate oxidase
Enzyme 62 Gene Name DHODH
Enzyme 62 Protein Sequence >Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MAWRHLKKRAQDAVIILGGGGLLFASYLMATGDERFYAEHLMPTLQGLLDPESAHRLAVR
FTSLGLLPRARFQDSDMLEVRVLGHKFRNPVGIAAGFDKHGEAVDGLYKMGFGFVEIGSV
TPKPQEGNPRPRVFRLPEDQAVINRYGFNSHGLSVVEHRLRARQQKQAKLTEDGLPLGVN
LGKNKTSVDAAEDYAEGVRVLGPLADYLVVNVSSPNTAGLRSLQGKAELRRLLTKVLQER
DGLRRVHRPAVLVKIAPDLTSQDKEDIASVVKELGIDGLIVTNTTVSRPAGLQGALRSET
GGLSGKPLRDLSTQTIREMYALTQGRVPIIGVGGVSSGQDALEKIRAGASLVQLYTALTF
WGPPVVGKVKRELEALLKEQGFGGVTDAIGADHRR
Enzyme 62 Number of Residues 395
Enzyme 62 Molecular Weight 42866.9
Enzyme 62 Theoretical pI 10.23
Enzyme 62 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • dihydroorotate dehydrogenase activity
  • dihydroorotate oxidase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, quinone or related compound as acceptor
Process
  • 'de novo' pyrimidine base biosynthetic process
  • UMP biosynthetic process
  • cellular aromatic compound metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • nucleobase metabolic process
  • nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process
  • nucleoside phosphate metabolic process
  • nucleotide metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • pyrimidine base biosynthetic process
  • pyrimidine base metabolic process
  • pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process
  • pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process
  • pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process
  • pyrimidine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process
Component
  • cell part
  • membrane
Enzyme 62 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 62 Specific Function (S)-dihydroorotate + a quinone = orotate + a quinol
Enzyme 62 Pathways
Enzyme 62 Reactions
  • (S)-dihydroorotate + a quinone = orotate + a quinol [RN:R01868]
Enzyme 62 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 62 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 62 Transmembrane Regions
  • 12-32
Enzyme 62 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 62 GenBank ID Protein 158258018 Link Image
Enzyme 62 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q02127 Link Image
Enzyme 62 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PYRD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 62 PDB ID 1D3H Link Image
Enzyme 62 PDB File Show
Enzyme 62 3D Structure
Enzyme 62 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 62 Gene Sequence >1188 bp
ATGGCGTGGAGACACCTGCAAAAGCGGGCCCAGGATGCTGTGATCATCCTGGGGGGAGGA
GGACTTCTCTTCGCCTCCTACCTGATGGCCACGGGAGATGAGCGTTTCTATGCTGAACAC
CTGATGCCGACTCTGCAGGGGCTGCTGGACCCGGAGTCAGCCCACAGACTGGCTGTTCGC
TTCACCTCCCTGGGGCTCCTTCCACGGGCCAGATTTCAAGACTCTGACATGCTGGAAGTG
AGAGTTCTGGGCCATAAATTCCGAAATCCAGTAGGAATTGCTGCAGGATTTGACAAGCAT
GGGGAAGCCGTGGACGGACTTTATAAGATGGGCTTTGGTTTTGTTGAGATAGGAAGTGTG
ACTCCAAAACCTCAGGAAGGAAACCCTAGACCCAGAGTCTTCCGCCTCCCTGAGGACCAA
GCTGTCATTAACAGGTATGGATTTAACAGTCACGGGCTTTCAGTGGTGGAACACAGGTTA
CGGGCCAGACAGCAGAAGCAGGCCAAGCTCACAGAAGATGGACTGCCTCTGGGGGTCAAC
TTGGGGAAGAACAAGACCTCAGTGGACGCCGCGGAGGACTACGCAGAAGGGGTGCGCGTA
CTGGGCCCCCTGGCCGACTACCTGGTGGTGAATGTGTCCAGCCCCAACACTGCCGGGCTG
CGGAGCCTTCAGGGAAAGGCCGAGCTGCGCCGCCTGCTGACCAAGGTGCTGCAGGAGAGG
GATGGCTTGCGGAGAGTGCACAGGCCGGCAGTCCTGGTGAAGATCGCTCCTGACCTCACC
AGCCAGGATAAGGAGGACATTGCCAGTGTGGTCAAAGAGTTGGGCATCGATGGGCTGATT
GTTACGAACACCACCGTGAGTCGCCCTGCGGGCCTCCAGGGTGCCCTGCGCTCTGAAACA
GGAGGGCTGAGTGGGAAGCCCCTCCGGGATTTATCAACTCAAACCATTCGGGAGATGTAT
GCACTCACCCAAGGCCGAGTTCCCATAATTGGGGTTGGTGGTGTGAGCAGCGGGCAGGAC
GCGCTGGAGAAGATCCGGGCAGGGGCCTCCCTGGTGCAGCTGTACACGGCCCTCACCTTC
TGGGGGCCACCCGTTGTGGGCAAAGTCAAGCGGGAACTGGAGGCCCTTCTGAAAGAGCAG
GGCTTTGGCGGAGTCACAGATGCCATTGGAGCAGATCATCGGAGGTGA
Enzyme 62 GenBank Gene ID AK292293 Link Image
Enzyme 62 GeneCard ID DHODH Link Image
Enzyme 62 GenAtlas ID DHODH Link Image
Enzyme 62 HGNC ID HGNC:2867 Link Image
Enzyme 62 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 62 Locus 16q22
Enzyme 62 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 62 General References
  1. Minet M, Dufour ME, Lacroute F: Cloning and sequencing of a human cDNA coding for dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by complementation of the corresponding yeast mutant. Gene. 1992 Nov 16;121(2):393-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Copeland RA, Davis JP, Dowling RL, Lombardo D, Murphy KB, Patterson TA: Recombinant human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase: expression, purification, and characterization of a catalytically functional truncated enzyme. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Oct 20;323(1):79-86. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Knecht W, Bergjohann U, Gonski S, Kirschbaum B, Loffler M: Functional expression of a fragment of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by means of the baculovirus expression vector system, and kinetic investigation of the purified recombinant enzyme. Eur J Biochem. 1996 Aug 15;240(1):292-301. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Liu S, Neidhardt EA, Grossman TH, Ocain T, Clardy J: Structures of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in complex with antiproliferative agents. Structure. 2000 Jan 15;8(1):25-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Ng SB, Buckingham KJ, Lee C, Bigham AW, Tabor HK, Dent KM, Huff CD, Shannon PT, Jabs EW, Nickerson DA, Shendure J, Bamshad MJ: Exome sequencing identifies the cause of a mendelian disorder. Nat Genet. 2010 Jan;42(1):30-5. Epub 2009 Nov 13. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 62 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 63 [top]
Enzyme 63 ID 5417
Enzyme 63 Name Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1
Enzyme 63 Synonyms
  1. Dimethylaniline oxidase 1
  2. Fetal hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase 1
  3. FMO 1
Enzyme 63 Gene Name FMO1
Enzyme 63 Protein Sequence >Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1
MAKRVAIVGAGVSGLASIKCCLEEGLEPTCFERSDDLGGLWRFTEHVEEGRASLYKSVVS
NSCKEMSCYSDFPFPEDYPNYVPNSQFLEYLKMYANHFDLLKHIQFKTKVCSVTKCSDSA
VSGQWEVVTMHEEKQESAIFDAVMVCTGFLTNPYLPLDSFPGINAFKGQYFHSRQYKHPD
IFKDKRVLVIGMGNSGTDIAVEASHLAEKVFLSTTGGGWVISRIFDSGYPWDMVFMTRFQ
NMLRNSLPTPIVTWLMERKINNWLNHANYGLIPEDRTQLKEFVLNDELPGRIITGKVFIR
PSIKEVKENSVIFNNTSKEEPIDIIVFATGYTFAFPFLDESVVKVEDGQASLYKYIFPAH
LQKPTLAIIGLIKPLGSMIPTGETQARWAVRVLKGVNKLPPPSVMIEEINARKENKPSWF
GLCYCKALQSDYITYIDELLTYINAKPNLFSMLLTDPHLALTVFFGPCSPYQFRLTGPGK
WEGARNAIMTQWDRTFKVIKARVVQESPSPFESFLKVFSFLALLVAIFLIFL
Enzyme 63 Number of Residues 532
Enzyme 63 Molecular Weight 60310.3
Enzyme 63 Theoretical pI 7.22
Enzyme 63 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • intrinsic to organelle membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 63 General Function Involved in flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 63 Specific Function This protein is involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of xenobiotics such as drugs and pesticides. Form I catalyzes the N-oxygenation of secondary and tertiary amines
Enzyme 63 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 63 Reactions
  • N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R03344]
Enzyme 63 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 63 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 63 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 63 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 63 GenBank ID Protein 182671 Link Image
Enzyme 63 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q01740 Link Image
Enzyme 63 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FMO1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 63 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 63 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 63 Gene Sequence >1599 bp
ATGGCCAAGCGAGTTGCCATTGTGGGAGCTGGGGTCAGCGGCCTGGCCTCCATCAAGTGC
TGTCTGGAAGAAGGACTGGAGCCCACCTGCTTTGAGAGGAGCGATGACCTTGGGGGGCTG
TGGAGATTCACCGAACATGTTGAAGAAGGCAGAGCCAGTCTCTACAAGTCTGTGGTTTCC
AACAGCTGCAAGGAGATGTCTTGTTACTCAGACTTTCCATTCCCAGAAGATTATCCAAAC
TATGTGCCAAATTCTCAATTCCTGGAATATCTCAAAATGTATGCAAACCACTTTGACCTT
CTGAAACACATTCAATTCAAGACCAAAGTCTGCAGTGTAACAAAATGCTCAGATTCTGCT
GTCTCTGGCCAATGGGAGGTGGTCACTATGCATGAAGAGAAGCAAGAGTCAGCCATCTTT
GATGCTGTCATGGTCTGCACTGGCTTTCTTACTAATCCTTATTTGCCACTGGATTCCTTT
CCAGGTATTAATGCCTTTAAAGGCCAGTACTTTCATAGCCGGCAATATAAGCATCCAGAT
ATATTTAAGGACAAGAGAGTCCTTGTGATTGGAATGGGAAATTCTGGCACAGACATTGCT
GTGGAGGCCAGCCACCTGGCGGAAAAGGTGTTCCTCAGCACCACCGGAGGGGGATGGGTG
ATCAGCCGAATCTTTGACTCGGGCTACCCATGGGACATGGTGTTCATGACACGCTTTCAG
AACATGTTGAGAAATTCCCTCCCAACCCCAATTGTGACTTGGTTGATGGAGCGAAAGATA
AACAACTGGCTCAATCATGCAAATTACGGCTTAATACCAGAAGACAGGACTCAGCTGAAA
GAGTTTGTGCTAAATGATGAGCTCCCAGGACGCATCATCACTGGGAAAGTGTTCATCAGG
CCAAGCATAAAAGAGGTAAAGGAAAACTCTGTCATATTTAACAATACTTCAAAGGAAGAG
CCTATTGACATCATTGTCTTTGCCACTGGATACACATTTGCTTTCCCCTTCCTTGATGAG
TCTGTAGTGAAAGTTGAAGATGGCCAGGCCTCACTGTACAAGTATATCTTCCCTGCACAT
CTGCAAAAGCCAACCCTGGCCATTATTGGCCTCATCAAACCCTTGGGCTCCATGATACCT
ACAGGAGAAACACAAGCTCGGTGGGCTGTTCGAGTCCTGAAAGGTGTAAATAAGTTACCA
CCACCAAGTGTCATGATAGAGGAAATTAATGCAAGGAAAGAAAACAAGCCCAGTTGGTTT
GGCTTGTGCTACTGCAAGGCTTTACAATCAGATTATATCACATACATAGATGAACTCCTG
ACCTATATCAATGCAAAACCCAACCTGTTCTCTATGCTCCTAACGGATCCACATCTGGCT
CTGACCGTCTTCTTTGGCCCATGCTCACCATACCAGTTCCGCTTGACTGGCCCAGGAAAA
TGGGAAGGAGCCAGAAATGCCATCATGACCCAGTGGGACCGAACATTCAAGGTCATCAAA
GCTCGAGTTGTACAAGAGTCTCCATCTCCCTTTGAAAGTTTTCTTAAAGTCTTTAGCTTT
CTGGCTTTGCTTGTGGCTATTTTTCTGATTTTCCTATAA
Enzyme 63 GenBank Gene ID M64082 Link Image
Enzyme 63 GeneCard ID FMO1 Link Image
Enzyme 63 GenAtlas ID FMO1 Link Image
Enzyme 63 HGNC ID HGNC:3769 Link Image
Enzyme 63 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 63 Locus 1q24.3
Enzyme 63 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 63 General References
  1. Dolphin C, Shephard EA, Povey S, Palmer CN, Ziegler DM, Ayesh R, Smith RL, Phillips IR: Cloning, primary sequence, and chromosomal mapping of a human flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO1). J Biol Chem. 1991 Jul 5;266(19):12379-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Furnes B, Feng J, Sommer SS, Schlenk D: Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Feb;31(2):187-93. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 63 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 64 [top]
Enzyme 64 ID 5418
Enzyme 64 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial
Enzyme 64 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-51kD
  2. CI-51kD
  3. NADH dehydrogenase flavoprotein 1
  4. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 51 kDa subunit
Enzyme 64 Gene Name NDUFV1
Enzyme 64 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial
MLATRRLLGWSLPARVSVRFSGDTTAPKKTSFGSLKDEDRIFTNLYGRHDWRLKGSLSRG
DWYKTKEILLKGPDWILGEIKTSGLRGRGGAGFPTGLKWSFMNKPSDGRPKYLVVNADEG
EPGTCKDREILRHDPHKLLEGCLVGGRAMGARAAYIYIRGEFYNEASNLQVAIREAYEAG
LIGKNACGSGYDFDVFVVRGAGAYICGEETALIESIEGKQGKPRLKPPFPADVGVFGCPT
TVANVETVAVSPTICRRGGTWFAGFGRERNSGTKLFNISGHVNHPCTVEEEMSVPLKELI
EKHAGGVTGGWDNLLAVIPGGSSTPLIPKSVCETVLMDFDALVQAQTGLGTAAVIVMDRS
TDIVKAIARLIEFYKHESCGQCTPCREGVDWMNKVMARFVRGDARPAEIDSLWEISKQIE
GHTICALGDGAAWPVQGLIRHFRPELEERMQRFAQQHQARQAAS
Enzyme 64 Number of Residues 464
Enzyme 64 Molecular Weight 50816.7
Enzyme 64 Theoretical pI 8.29
Enzyme 64 GO Classification
Function
  • 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding
  • FMN binding
  • NAD or NADH binding
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 64 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 64 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 64 Pathways
Enzyme 64 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor [RN:R00281]
Enzyme 64 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 64 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 64 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 64 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 64 GenBank ID Protein 3095113 Link Image
Enzyme 64 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49821 Link Image
Enzyme 64 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUV1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 64 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 64 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 64 Gene Sequence >1395 bp
ATGCTGGCAACACGGCGGCTGCTCGGCTGGTCGCTTCCCGCGCGGGTATCTGTGCGTTTC
AGCGGCGACACGACAGCACCCAAGAAAACCTCATTTGGCTCGCTGAAGGATGAAGACCGG
ATTTTCACCAACCTGTACGGCCGCCATGACTGGAGGCTGAAAGGTTCCCTGAGTCGAGGT
GACTGGTACAAGACAAAGGAGATCCTGCTGAAGGGGCCCGACTGGATCCTGGGCGAGATC
AAGACATCGGGTTTGAGGGGCCGTGGAGGCGCTGGCTTCCCCACTGGCCTCAAGTGGAGC
TTCATGAATAAGCCCTCAGATGGCAGGCCCAAGTATCTGGTGGTGAACGCAGACGAGGGG
GAGCCGGGCACCTGCAAGGACCGGGAGATCTTACGCCATGATCCTCACAAGCTGCTGGAA
GGCTGCCTGGTGGGGGGCCGGGCCATGGGCGCCCGCGCTGCCTATATCTACATCCGAGGG
GAATTCTACAATGAGGCCTCCAATCTGCAGGTGGCCATCCGAGAGGCCTATGAGGCAGGT
CTGATTGGCAAGAATGCTTGTGGCTCTGGCTATGATTTTGACGTGTTTGTGGTGCGCGGG
GCTGGGGCCTACATCTGTGGAGAGGAGACAGCGCTCATCGAGTCCATTGAGGGCAAGCAG
GGCAAGCCCCGCCTGAAGCCCCCCTTCCCCGCAGACGTGGGAGTGTTTGGCTGCCCCACA
ACTGTGGCCAACGTGGAGACAGTGGCAGTGTCCCCCACAATCTGCCGCCGTGGAGGTACC
TGGTTTGCTGGCTTTGGCAGAGAACGCAACTCAGGCACCAAACTATTCAACATCTCTGGC
CATGTCAACCACCCTTGCACTGTGGAGGAGGAGATGTCTGTGCCCTTGAAAGAACTGATT
GAGAAGCATGCTGGGGGTGTCACGGGCGGCTGGGACAACCTCCTTGCTGTGATCCCTGGC
GGCTCGTCTACCCCACTGATCCCCAAGTCTGTGTGTGAGACGGTGCTGATGGACTTCGAT
GCGCTGGTGCAGGCACAGACAGGCCTGGGCACAGCTGCGGTGATCGTCATGGACCGCTCG
ACGGACATCGTGAAAGCCATCGCCCGCCTCATTGAGTTCTATAAGCACGAGAGCTGTGGC
CAGTGTACCCCATGCCGTGAGGGTGTGGACTGGATGAACAAGGTGATGGCACGTTTCGTG
AGGGGGGATGCCCGGCCGGCCGAGATCGACTCCCTGTGGGAGATCAGCAAGCAGATAGAA
GGCCATACGATTTGTGCTCTGGGTGACGGGGCCGCCTGGCCTGTGCAGGGTCTGATCCGC
CACTTTCGGCCGGAGCTCGAGGAGCGGATGCAGCGGTTTGCCCAGCAGCATCAGGCCCGG
CAGGCTGCCTCTTAG
Enzyme 64 GenBank Gene ID AF053070 Link Image
Enzyme 64 GeneCard ID NDUFV1 Link Image
Enzyme 64 GenAtlas ID NDUFV1 Link Image
Enzyme 64 HGNC ID HGNC:7716 Link Image
Enzyme 64 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 64 Locus 11q13
Enzyme 64 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 64 General References
  1. de Coo RF, Buddiger PA, Smeets HJ, van Oost BA: The structure of the human NDUFV1 gene encoding the 51-kDa subunit of mitochondrial complex I. Mamm Genome. 1999 Jan;10(1):49-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Schuelke M, Loeffen J, Mariman E, Smeitink J, van den Heuvel L: Cloning of the human mitochondrial 51 kDa subunit (NDUFV1) reveals a 100% antisense homology of its 3'UTR with the 5'UTR of the gamma-interferon inducible protein (IP-30) precursor: is this a link between mitochondrial myopathy and inflammation? Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Apr 17;245(2):599-606. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Spencer SR, Taylor JB, Cowell IG, Xia CL, Pemble SE, Ketterer B: The human mitochondrial NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase 51-kDa subunit maps adjacent to the glutathione S-transferase P1-1 gene on chromosome 11q13. Genomics. 1992 Dec;14(4):1116-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Ali ST, Duncan AM, Schappert K, Heng HH, Tsui LC, Chow W, Robinson BH: Chromosomal localization of the human gene encoding the 51-kDa subunit of mitochondrial complex I (NDUFV1) to 11q13. Genomics. 1993 Nov;18(2):435-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Schuelke M, Smeitink J, Mariman E, Loeffen J, Plecko B, Trijbels F, Stockler-Ipsiroglu S, van den Heuvel L: Mutant NDUFV1 subunit of mitochondrial complex I causes leukodystrophy and myoclonic epilepsy. Nat Genet. 1999 Mar;21(3):260-1. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Benit P, Chretien D, Kadhom N, de Lonlay-Debeney P, Cormier-Daire V, Cabral A, Peudenier S, Rustin P, Munnich A, Rotig A: Large-scale deletion and point mutations of the nuclear NDUFV1 and NDUFS1 genes in mitochondrial complex I deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1344-52. Epub 2001 May 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 64 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 65 [top]
Enzyme 65 ID 5419
Enzyme 65 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9
Enzyme 65 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-B22
  2. CI-B22
  3. LYR motif-containing protein 3
  4. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B22 subunit
Enzyme 65 Gene Name NDUFB9
Enzyme 65 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9
MAFLASGPYLTHQQKVLRLYKRALRHLESWCVQRDKYRYFACLMRARFEEHKNEKDMAKA
TQLLKEAEEEFWYRQHPQPYIFPDSPGGTSYERYDCYKVPEWCLDDWHPSEKAMYPDYFA
KREQWKKLRRESWEREVKQLQEETPPGGPLTEALPPARKEGDLPPLWWYIVTRPRERPM
Enzyme 65 Number of Residues 179
Enzyme 65 Molecular Weight 21830.7
Enzyme 65 Theoretical pI 8.56
Enzyme 65 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 65 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 65 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed to be not involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 65 Pathways
Enzyme 65 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 65 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 65 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 65 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 65 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 65 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 65 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9Y6M9 Link Image
Enzyme 65 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUB9_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 65 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 65 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 65 Gene Sequence >540 bp
ATGGCGTTCTTGGCGTCGGGACCCTACCTGACCCATCAGCAAAAGGTGTTGCGGCTTTAT
AAGCGGGCGCTACGCCACCTCGAGTCGTGGTGCGTCCAGAGAGACAAATACCGATACTTT
GCTTGTTTGATGAGAGCCCGGTTTGAAGAACATAAGAATGAAAAGGATATGGCGAAGGCC
ACCCAGCTGCTGAAGGAGGCCGAGGAAGAATTCTGGTACCGTCAGCATCCACAGCCATAC
ATCTTCCCTGACTCTCCTGGGGGCACCTCCTATGAGAGATACGATTGCTACAAGGTCCCA
GAATGGTGCTTAGATGACTGGCATCCTTCTGAGAAGGCAATGTATCCTGATTACTTTGCC
AAGAGAGAACAGTGGAAGAAACTGCGGAGGGAAAGCTGGGAACGAGAGGTTAAGCAGCTG
CAGGAGGAAACGCCACCTGGTGGTCCTTTAACTGAAGCTTTGCCCCCTGCCCGAAAGGAA
GGTGATTTGCCCCCACTGTGGTGGTATATTGTGACCAGACCCCGGGAGCGGCCCATGTAG
Enzyme 65 GenBank Gene ID AF044956 Link Image
Enzyme 65 GeneCard ID NDUFB9 Link Image
Enzyme 65 GenAtlas ID NDUFB9 Link Image
Enzyme 65 HGNC ID HGNC:7704 Link Image
Enzyme 65 Chromosome Location 8
Enzyme 65 Locus 8q13.3
Enzyme 65 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 65 General References
  1. Lin X, Wells DE, Kimberling WJ, Kumar S: Human NDUFB9 gene: genomic organization and a possible candidate gene associated with deafness disorder mapped to chromosome 8q13. Hum Hered. 1999 Mar;49(2):75-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ye Z, Connor JR: cDNA cloning by amplification of circularized first strand cDNAs reveals non-IRE-regulated iron-responsive mRNAs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Aug 18;275(1):223-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Genome Res. 2000 Oct;10(10):1546-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 65 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 66 [top]
Enzyme 66 ID 5420
Enzyme 66 Name Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
Enzyme 66 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 66 Gene Name MTHFR
Enzyme 66 Protein Sequence >Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
MVNEARGNSSLNPCLEGSASSGSESSKDSSRCSTPGLDPERHERLREKMRRRLESGDKWF
SLEFFPPRTAEGAVNLISRFDRMAAGGPLYIDVTWHPAGDPGSDKETSSMMIASTAVNYC
GLETILHMTCCRQRLEEITGHLHKAKQLGLKNIMALRGDPIGDQWEEEEGGFNYAVDLVK
HIRSEFGDYFDICVAGYPKGHPEAGSFEADLKHLKEKVSAGADFIITQLFFEADTFFRFV
KACTDMGITCPIVPGIFPIQGYHSLRQLVKLSKLEVPQEIKDVIEPIKDNDAAIRNYGIE
LAVSLCQELLASGLVPGLHFYTLNREMATTEVLKRLGMWTEDPRRPLPWALSAHPKRREE
DVRPIFWASRPKSYIYRTQEWDEFPNGRWGNSSSPAFGELKDYYLFYLKSKSPKEELLKM
WGEELTSEESVFEVFVLYLSGEPNRNGHKVTCLPWNDEPLAAETSLLKEELLRVNRQGIL
TINSQPNINGKPSSDPIVGWGPSGGYVFQKAYLEFFTSRETAEALLQVLKKYELRVNYHL
VNVKGENITNAPELQPNAVTWGIFPGREIIQPTVVDPVSFMFWKDEAFALWIERWGKLYE
EESPSRTIIQYIHDNYFLVNLVDNDFPLDNCLWQVVEDTLELLNRPTQNARETEAP
Enzyme 66 Number of Residues 656
Enzyme 66 Molecular Weight 74595.9
Enzyme 66 Theoretical pI 5.00
Enzyme 66 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADPH) activity
  • methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADPH) activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Process
  • cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
  • cellular amino acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • methionine metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • sulfur amino acid metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 66 General Function Involved in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADPH) activity
Enzyme 66 Specific Function Catalyzes the conversion of 5,10- methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a co- substrate for homocysteine remethylation to methionine
Enzyme 66 Pathways
Enzyme 66 Reactions
  • 5-methyltetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)+ = 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R01224 R07168]
Enzyme 66 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 66 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 66 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 66 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 66 GenBank ID Protein 6139053 Link Image
Enzyme 66 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P42898 Link Image
Enzyme 66 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name MTHR_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 66 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 66 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 66 Gene Sequence >1971 bp
ATGGTGAACGAAGCCAGAGGAAACAGCAGCCTCAACCCCTGCTTGGAGGGCAGTGCCAGC
AGTGGCAGTGAGAGCTCCAAAGATAGTTCGAGATGTTCCACCCCGGGCCTGGACCCTGAG
CGGCATGAGAGACTCCGGGAGAAGATGAGGCGGCGATTGGAATCTGGTGACAAGTGGTTC
TCCCTGGAATTCTTCCCTCCTCGAACTGCTGAGGGAGCTGTCAATCTCATCTCAAGGTTT
GACCGGATGGCAGCAGGTGGCCCCCTCTACATAGACGTGACCTGGCACCCAGCAGGTGAC
CCTGGCTCAGACAAGGAGACCTCCTCCATGATGATCGCCAGCACCGCCGTGAACTACTGT
GGCCTGGAGACCATCCTGCACATGACCTGCTGCCGTCAGCGCCTGGAGGAGATCACGGGC
CATCTGCACAAAGCTAAGCAGCTGGGCCTGAAGAACATCATGGCGCTGCGGGGAGACCCA
ATAGGTGACCAGTGGGAAGAGGAGGAGGGAGGCTTCAACTACGCAGTGGACCTGGTGAAG
CACATCCGAAGTGAGTTTGGTGACTACTTTGACATCTGTGTGGCAGGTTACCCCAAAGGC
CACCCCGAAGCAGGGAGCTTTGAGGCTGACCTGAAGCACTTGAAGGAGAAGGTGTCTGCG
GGAGCCGATTTCATCATCACGCAGCTTTTCTTTGAGGCTGACACATTCTTCCGCTTTGTG
AAGGCATGCACCGACATGGGCATCACTTGCCCCATCGTCCCCGGGATCTTTCCCATCCAG
GGCTACCACTCCCTTCGGCAGCTTGTGAAGCTGTCCAAGCTGGAGGTGCCACAGGAGATC
AAGGACGTGATTGAGCCAATCAAAGACAACGATGCTGCCATCCGCAACTATGGCATCGAG
CTGGCCGTGAGCCTGTGCCAGGAGCTTCTGGCCAGTGGCTTGGTGCCAGGCCTCCACTTC
TACACCCTCAACCGCGAGATGGCTACCACAGAGGTGCTGAAGCGCCTGGGGATGTGGACT
GAGGACCCCAGGCGTCCCCTACCCTGGGCTCTCAGTGCCCACCCCAAGCGCCGAGAGGAA
GATGTACGTCCCATCTTCTGGGCCTCCAGACCAAAGAGTTACATCTACCGTACCCAGGAG
TGGGACGAGTTCCCTAACGGCCGCTGGGGCAATTCCTCTTCCCCTGCCTTTGGGGAGCTG
AAGGACTACTACCTCTTCTACCTGAAGAGCAAGTCCCCCAAGGAGGAGCTGCTGAAGATG
TGGGGGGAGGAGCTGACCAGTGAAGCAAGTGTCTTTGAAGTCTTTGTTCTTTACCTCTCG
GGAGAACCAAACCGGAATGGTCACAAAGTGACTTGCCTGCCCTGGAACGATGAGCCCCTG
GCGGCTGAGACCAGCCTGCTGAAGGAGGAGCTGCTGCGGGTGAACCGCCAGGGCATCCTC
ACCATCAACTCACAGCCCAACATCAACGGGAAGCCGTCCTCCGACCCCATCGTGGGCTGG
GGCCCCAGCGGGGGCTATGTCTTCCAGAAGGCCTACTTAGAGTTTTTCACTTCCCGCGAG
ACAGCGGAAGCACTTCTGCAAGTGCTGAAGAAGTACGAGCTCCGGGTTAATTACCACCTT
GTCAATGTGAAGGGTGAAAACATCACCAATGCCCCTGAACTGCAGCCGAATGCTGTCACT
TGGGGCATCTTCCCTGGGCGAGAGATCATCCAGCCCACCGTAGTGGATCCCGTCAGCTTC
ATGTTCTGGAAGGACGAGGCCTTTGCCCTGTGGATTGAGCGGTGGGGAAAGCTGTATGAG
GAGGAGTCCCCGTCCCGCACCATCATCCAGTACATCCACGACAACTACTTCCTGGTCAAC
CTGGTGGACAATGACTTCCCACTGGACAACTGCCTCTGGCAGGTGGTGGAAGACACATTG
GAGCTTCTCAACAGGCCCACCCAGAATGCGAGAGAAACGGAGGCTCCATGA
Enzyme 66 GenBank Gene ID U09806 Link Image
Enzyme 66 GeneCard ID MTHFR Link Image
Enzyme 66 GenAtlas ID MTHFR Link Image
Enzyme 66 HGNC ID HGNC:7436 Link Image
Enzyme 66 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 66 Locus 1p36.3
Enzyme 66 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 66 General References
  1. Goyette P, Pai A, Milos R, Frosst P, Tran P, Chen Z, Chan M, Rozen R: Gene structure of human and mouse methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) Mamm Genome. 1998 Aug;9(8):652-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Goyette P, Sumner JS, Milos R, Duncan AM, Rosenblatt DS, Matthews RG, Rozen R: Human methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: isolation of cDNA, mapping and mutation identification. Nat Genet. 1994 Jun;7(2):195-200. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Goyette P, Sumner JS, Milos R, Duncan AM, Rosenblatt DS, Matthews RG, Rozen R: Human methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: isolation of cDNA mapping and mutation identification. Nat Genet. 1994 Aug;7(4):551. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Goyette P, Frosst P, Rosenblatt DS, Rozen R: Seven novel mutations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and genotype/phenotype correlations in severe methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 May;56(5):1052-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. van der Put NM, Steegers-Theunissen RP, Frosst P, Trijbels FJ, Eskes TK, van den Heuvel LP, Mariman EC, den Heyer M, Rozen R, Blom HJ: Mutated methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase as a risk factor for spina bifida. Lancet. 1995 Oct 21;346(8982):1070-1. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Frosst P, Blom HJ, Milos R, Goyette P, Sheppard CA, Matthews RG, Boers GJ, den Heijer M, Kluijtmans LA, van den Heuvel LP, et al.: A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Nat Genet. 1995 May;10(1):111-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Ou CY, Stevenson RE, Brown VK, Schwartz CE, Allen WP, Khoury MJ, Rozen R, Oakley GP Jr, Adams MJ Jr: 5,10 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genetic polymorphism as a risk factor for neural tube defects. Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jun 28;63(4):610-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Goyette P, Christensen B, Rosenblatt DS, Rozen R: Severe and mild mutations in cis for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, and description of five novel mutations in MTHFR. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Dec;59(6):1268-75. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Chen J, Giovannucci E, Kelsey K, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Spiegelman D, Willett WC, Hunter DJ: A methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 1996 Nov 1;56(21):4862-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Schneider JA, Rees DC, Liu YT, Clegg JB: Worldwide distribution of a common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 May;62(5):1258-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. van der Put NM, Gabreels F, Stevens EM, Smeitink JA, Trijbels FJ, Eskes TK, van den Heuvel LP, Blom HJ: A second common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene: an additional risk factor for neural-tube defects? Am J Hum Genet. 1998 May;62(5):1044-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Kluijtmans LA, Wendel U, Stevens EM, van den Heuvel LP, Trijbels FJ, Blom HJ: Identification of four novel mutations in severe methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency. Eur J Hum Genet. 1998 May-Jun;6(3):257-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Weisberg I, Tran P, Christensen B, Sibani S, Rozen R: A second genetic polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) associated with decreased enzyme activity. Mol Genet Metab. 1998 Jul;64(3):169-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Christensen B, Arbour L, Tran P, Leclerc D, Sabbaghian N, Platt R, Gilfix BM, Rosenblatt DS, Gravel RA, Forbes P, Rozen R: Genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and methionine synthase, folate levels in red blood cells, and risk of neural tube defects. Am J Med Genet. 1999 May 21;84(2):151-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Skibola CF, Smith MT, Kane E, Roman E, Rollinson S, Cartwright RA, Morgan G: Polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene are associated with susceptibility to acute leukemia in adults. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Oct 26;96(22):12810-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Sibani S, Christensen B, O'Ferrall E, Saadi I, Hiou-Tim F, Rosenblatt DS, Rozen R: Characterization of six novel mutations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in patients with homocystinuria. Hum Mutat. 2000;15(3):280-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Casas JP, Hingorani AD, Bautista LE, Sharma P: Meta-analysis of genetic studies in ischemic stroke: thirty-two genes involving approximately 18,000 cases and 58,000 controls. Arch Neurol. 2004 Nov;61(11):1652-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Ley TJ, Mardis ER, Ding L, Fulton B, McLellan MD, Chen K, Dooling D, Dunford-Shore BH, McGrath S, Hickenbotham M, Cook L, Abbott R, Larson DE, Koboldt DC, Pohl C, Smith S, Hawkins A, Abbott S, Locke D, Hillier LW, Miner T, Fulton L, Magrini V, Wylie T, Glasscock J, Conyers J, Sander N, Shi X, Osborne JR, Minx P, Gordon D, Chinwalla A, Zhao Y, Ries RE, Payton JE, Westervelt P, Tomasson MH, Watson M, Baty J, Ivanovich J, Heath S, Shannon WD, Nagarajan R, Walter MJ, Link DC, Graubert TA, DiPersio JF, Wilson RK: DNA sequencing of a cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia genome. Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):66-72. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 66 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 67 [top]
Enzyme 67 ID 5421
Enzyme 67 Name NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 6
Enzyme 67 Synonyms
  1. NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6
Enzyme 67 Gene Name MT-ND6
Enzyme 67 Protein Sequence >NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 6
MMYALFLLSVGLVMGFVGFSSKPSPIYGGLVLIVSGVVGCVIILNFGGGYMGLMVFLIYL
GGMMVVFGYTTAMAIEEYPEAWGSGVEVLVSVLVGLAMEVGLVLWVKEYDGVVVVVNFNS
VGSWMIYEGEGSGLIREDPIGAGALYDYGRWLVVVTGWTLFVGVYIVIEIARGN
Enzyme 67 Number of Residues 174
Enzyme 67 Molecular Weight 18622.0
Enzyme 67 Theoretical pI 3.90
Enzyme 67 GO Classification
Function
  • NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
  • NADH dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 67 General Function Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Enzyme 67 Specific Function Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 67 Pathways
Enzyme 67 Reactions
  • NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol [RN:R02163]
Enzyme 67 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 67 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 67 Transmembrane Regions
  • 1-21 26-46 47-67 86-106 111-131 151-171
Enzyme 67 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 67 GenBank ID Protein 13015 Link Image
Enzyme 67 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P03923 Link Image
Enzyme 67 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NU6M_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 67 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 67 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 67 Gene Sequence >525 bp
ATGATGTATGCTTTGTTTCTGTTGAGTGTGGGTTTAGTAATGGGGTTTGTGGGGTTTTCT
TCTAAGCCTTCTCCTATTTATGGGGGTTTAGTATTGATTGTTAGCGGTGTGGTCGGGTGT
GTTATTATTCTGAATTTTGGGGGAGGTTATATGGGTTTAATAGTTTTTTTAATTTATTTA
GGGGGAATGATGGTTGTCTTTGGATATACTACAGCGATGGCTATTGAGGAGTATCCTGAG
GCATGGGGGTCAGGGGTTGAGGTCTTGGTGAGTGTTTTAGTGGGGTTAGCGATGGAGGTA
GGATTCGTCCTGTGGGTGAAAGAGTATGATGGGGTGGTGGTTGTGGTAAACTTTAATAGT
GTAGGAAGCTGAATAATTTATGAAGGAGAGGGGTCAGGGTTCATTCGGGAGGATCCTATT
GGTGCGGGGGCTTTGTATGATTATGGGCGTTGATTAGTAGTAGTTACTGGTTGACCATTG
TTTGTTGGTGTATATATTGTAATTGAGATTGCTCGGGGGAATAGG
Enzyme 67 GenBank Gene ID V00662 Link Image
Enzyme 67 GeneCard ID MT-ND6 Link Image
Enzyme 67 GenAtlas ID MT-ND6 Link Image
Enzyme 67 HGNC ID HGNC:7462 Link Image
Enzyme 67 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 67 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 67 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 67 General References
  1. Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, de Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Drouin J, Eperon IC, Nierlich DP, Roe BA, Sanger F, Schreier PH, Smith AJ, Staden R, Young IG: Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature. 1981 Apr 9;290(5806):457-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Horai S, Hayasaka K, Kondo R, Tsugane K, Takahata N: Recent African origin of modern humans revealed by complete sequences of hominoid mitochondrial DNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 17;92(2):532-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Sudoyo H, Sitepu M, Malik S, Poesponegoro HD, Marzuki S: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in Indonesia: two families with the mtDNA 11778G>A and 14484T>C mutations. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S271-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Moilanen JS, Finnila S, Majamaa K: Lineage-specific selection in human mtDNA: lack of polymorphisms in a segment of MTND5 gene in haplogroup J. Mol Biol Evol. 2003 Dec;20(12):2132-42. Epub 2003 Aug 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ingman M, Kaessmann H, Paabo S, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans. Nature. 2000 Dec 7;408(6813):708-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Ingman M, Gyllensten U: Mitochondrial genome variation and evolutionary history of Australian and New Guinean aborigines. Genome Res. 2003 Jul;13(7):1600-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Coble MD, Just RS, O'Callaghan JE, Letmanyi IH, Peterson CT, Irwin JA, Parsons TJ: Single nucleotide polymorphisms over the entire mtDNA genome that increase the power of forensic testing in Caucasians. Int J Legal Med. 2004 Jun;118(3):137-46. Epub 2004 Feb 4. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Ozawa T, Tanaka M, Sugiyama S, Ino H, Ohno K, Hattori K, Ohbayashi T, Ito T, Deguchi H, Kawamura K, et al.: Patients with idiopathic cardiomyopathy belong to the same mitochondrial DNA gene family of Parkinson's disease and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 May 31;177(1):518-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Marzuki S, Noer AS, Lertrit P, Thyagarajan D, Kapsa R, Utthanaphol P, Byrne E: Normal variants of human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: the building of a reference data base. Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;88(2):139-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Johns DR, Neufeld MJ, Park RD: An ND-6 mitochondrial DNA mutation associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Sep 30;187(3):1551-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Jun AS, Brown MD, Wallace DC: A mitochondrial DNA mutation at nucleotide pair 14459 of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 gene associated with maternally inherited Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and dystonia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jun 21;91(13):6206-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. De Vries DD, Went LN, Bruyn GW, Scholte HR, Hofstra RM, Bolhuis PA, van Oost BA: Genetic and biochemical impairment of mitochondrial complex I activity in a family with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and hereditary spastic dystonia. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Apr;58(4):703-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Leo-Kottler B, Christ-Adler M, Baumann B, Zrenner E, Wissinger B: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: clinical and molecular genetic results obtained in a family with a new point mutation at nucleotide position 14498 in the ND 6 gene. Ger J Ophthalmol. 1996 Jul;5(4):233-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Besch D, Leo-Kottler B, Zrenner E, Wissinger B: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: clinical and molecular genetic findings in a patient with a new mutation in the ND6 gene. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1999 Sep;237(9):745-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Chinnery PF, Brown DT, Andrews RM, Singh-Kler R, Riordan-Eva P, Lindley J, Applegarth DA, Turnbull DM, Howell N: The mitochondrial ND6 gene is a hot spot for mutations that cause Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Brain. 2001 Jan;124(Pt 1):209-18. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Ravn K, Wibrand F, Hansen FJ, Horn N, Rosenberg T, Schwartz M: An mtDNA mutation, 14453G-->A, in the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 associated with severe MELAS syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet. 2001 Oct;9(10):805-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 67 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 68 [top]
Enzyme 68 ID 5422
Enzyme 68 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13
Enzyme 68 Synonyms
  1. Cell death regulatory protein GRIM-19
  2. Complex I-B16.6
  3. CI-B16.6
  4. Gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 19 protein
  5. GRIM-19
  6. Gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 19 protein
  7. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B16.6 subunit
Enzyme 68 Gene Name NDUFA13
Enzyme 68 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13
MAASKVKQDMPPPGGYGPIDYKRNLPRRGLSGYSMLAIGIGTLIYGHWSIMKWNRERRRL
QIEDFEARIALLPLLQAETDRRTLQMLRENLEEEAIIMKDVPDWKVGESVFHTTRWVPPL
IGELYGLRTTEEALHASHGFMWYT
Enzyme 68 Number of Residues 144
Enzyme 68 Molecular Weight 16698.2
Enzyme 68 Theoretical pI 8.84
Enzyme 68 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 68 General Function Involved in ATP binding
Enzyme 68 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. Involved in the interferon/all-trans-retinoic acid (IFN/RA) induced cell death. This apoptotic activity is inhibited by interaction with viral IRF1. Prevents the transactivation of STAT3 target genes. May play a role in CARD15-mediated innate mucosal responses and serve to regulate intestinal epithelial cell responses to microbes
Enzyme 68 Pathways
Enzyme 68 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 68 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 68 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 68 Transmembrane Regions
  • 30-51
Enzyme 68 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 68 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 68 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9P0J0 Link Image
Enzyme 68 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUAD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 68 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 68 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 68 Gene Sequence >435 bp
ATGGCGGCGTCAAAGGTGAAGCAGGACATGCCTCCGCCGGGGGGCTATGGGCCCATCGAC
TACAAACGGAACTTGCCGCGTCGAGGACTGTCGGGCTACAGCATGCTGGCCATAGGGATT
GGAACCCTGATCTACGGGCACTGGAGCATAATGAAGTGGAACCGTGAGCGCAGGCGCCTA
CAAATCGAGGACTTCGAGGCTCGCATCGCGCTGTTGCCACTGTTACAGGCAGAAACCGAC
CGGAGGACCTTGCAGATGCTTCGGGAGAACCTGGAGGAGGAGGCCATCATCATGAAGGAC
GTGCCCGACTGGAAGGTGGGGGAGTCTGTGTTCCACACAACCCGCTGGGTGCCCCCCTTG
ATCGGGGAGCTGTACGGGCTGCGCACCACAGAGGAGGCTCTCCATGCCAGCCACGGCTTC
ATGTGGTACACGTAG
Enzyme 68 GenBank Gene ID AF286697 Link Image
Enzyme 68 GeneCard ID NDUFA13 Link Image
Enzyme 68 GenAtlas ID NDUFA13 Link Image
Enzyme 68 HGNC ID HGNC:17194 Link Image
Enzyme 68 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 68 Locus 19p13.2
Enzyme 68 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 68 General References
  1. Angell JE, Lindner DJ, Shapiro PS, Hofmann ER, Kalvakolanu DV: Identification of GRIM-19, a novel cell death-regulatory gene induced by the interferon-beta and retinoic acid combination, using a genetic approach. J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 27;275(43):33416-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W: Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics. Genome Res. 2000 May;10(5):703-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Seo T, Lee D, Shim YS, Angell JE, Chidambaram NV, Kalvakolanu DV, Choe J: Viral interferon regulatory factor 1 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus interacts with a cell death regulator, GRIM19, and inhibits interferon/retinoic acid-induced cell death. J Virol. 2002 Sep;76(17):8797-807. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Lufei C, Ma J, Huang G, Zhang T, Novotny-Diermayr V, Ong CT, Cao X: GRIM-19, a death-regulatory gene product, suppresses Stat3 activity via functional interaction. EMBO J. 2003 Mar 17;22(6):1325-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Zhang J, Yang J, Roy SK, Tininini S, Hu J, Bromberg JF, Poli V, Stark GR, Kalvakolanu DV: The cell death regulator GRIM-19 is an inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9342-7. Epub 2003 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Huang G, Lu H, Hao A, Ng DC, Ponniah S, Guo K, Lufei C, Zeng Q, Cao X: GRIM-19, a cell death regulatory protein, is essential for assembly and function of mitochondrial complex I. Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Oct;24(19):8447-56. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Zhang X, Huang Q, Yang Z, Li Y, Li CY: GW112, a novel antiapoptotic protein that promotes tumor growth. Cancer Res. 2004 Apr 1;64(7):2474-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Barnich N, Hisamatsu T, Aguirre JE, Xavier R, Reinecker HC, Podolsky DK: GRIM-19 interacts with nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 and serves as downstream effector of anti-bacterial function in intestinal epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2005 May 13;280(19):19021-6. Epub 2005 Mar 7. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Maximo V, Botelho T, Capela J, Soares P, Lima J, Taveira A, Amaro T, Barbosa AP, Preto A, Harach HR, Williams D, Sobrinho-Simoes M: Somatic and germline mutation in GRIM-19, a dual function gene involved in mitochondrial metabolism and cell death, is linked to mitochondrion-rich (Hurthle cell) tumours of the thyroid. Br J Cancer. 2005 May 23;92(10):1892-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 68 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 69 [top]
Enzyme 69 ID 5423
Enzyme 69 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial
Enzyme 69 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-13kD-A
  2. CI-13kD-A
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 13 kDa-A subunit
Enzyme 69 Gene Name NDUFS6
Enzyme 69 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial
MAAAMTFCRLLNRCGEAARSLPLGARCFGVRVSPTGEKVTHTGQVYDDKDYRRIRFVGRQ
KEVNENFAIDLIAEQPVSEVETRVIACDGGGGALGHPKVYINLDKETKTGTCGYCGLQFR
QHHH
Enzyme 69 Number of Residues 124
Enzyme 69 Molecular Weight 13711.5
Enzyme 69 Theoretical pI 8.38
Enzyme 69 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 69 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 69 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 69 Pathways
Enzyme 69 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 69 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 69 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 69 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 69 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 69 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 69 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O75380 Link Image
Enzyme 69 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUS6_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 69 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 69 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 69 Gene Sequence >375 bp
ATGGCGGCGGCGATGACCTTCTGCCGGCTGCTGAACCGGTGTGGCGAGGCGGCGCGGAGC
CTGCCCCTGGGCGCCAGGTGTTTCGGGGTGCGGGTCTCGCCGACCGGGGAGAAGGTCACG
CACACTGGCCAGGTTTATGATGATAAAGACTACAGGAGAATTCGGTTTGTAGGTCGTCAG
AAAGAGGTGAATGAAAACTTTGCCATTGATTTGATAGCAGAGCAGCCCGTGAGCGAGGTG
GAGACTCGGGTGATAGCGTGCGATGGCGGCGGGGGAGCTCTTGGCCACCCAAAAGTGTAT
ATAAACTTGGACAAAGAAACAAAAACCGGCACATGCGGTTACTGTGGGCTCCAGTTCAGA
CAGCACCACCACTAG
Enzyme 69 GenBank Gene ID AF044959 Link Image
Enzyme 69 GeneCard ID NDUFS6 Link Image
Enzyme 69 GenAtlas ID NDUFS6 Link Image
Enzyme 69 HGNC ID HGNC:7713 Link Image
Enzyme 69 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 69 Locus 5p15.33
Enzyme 69 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 69 General References
  1. Loeffen J, van den Heuvel L, Smeets R, Triepels R, Sengers R, Trijbels F, Smeitink J: cDNA sequence and chromosomal localization of the remaining three human nuclear encoded iron sulphur protein (IP) subunits of complex I: the human IP fraction is completed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Jun 29;247(3):751-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 69 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 70 [top]
Enzyme 70 ID 5424
Enzyme 70 Name Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 3
Enzyme 70 Synonyms
  1. Branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidase
  2. BRCACox
  3. Pristanoyl-CoA oxidase
Enzyme 70 Gene Name ACOX3
Enzyme 70 Protein Sequence >Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 3
MASTVEGGDTALLPEFPRGPLDAYRARASFSWKELALFTEGEGMLRFKKTIFSALENDPL
FARSPGADLSLEKYRELNFLRCKRIFEYDFLSVEDMFKSPLKVPALIQCLGMYDSSLAAK
YLLHSLVFGSAVYSSGSERHLTYIQKIFRMEIFGCFALTELSHGSNTKAIRTTAHYDPAT
EEFIIHSPDFEAAKFWVGNMGKTATHAVVFAKLCVPGDQCHGLHPFIVQIRDPKTLLPMP
GVMVGDIGKKLGQNGLDNGFAMFHKVRVPRQSLLNRMGDVTPEGTYVSPFKDVRQRFGAS
LGSLSSGRVSIVSLAILNLKLAVAIALRFSATRRQFGPTEEEEIPVLEYPMQQWRLLPYL
AAVYALDHFSKSLFLDLVELQRGLASGDRSARQAELGREIHALASASKPLASWTTQQGIQ
ECREACGGHGYLAMNRLGVLRDDNDPNCTYEGDNNILLQQTSNYLLGLLAHQVHDGACFR
SPLKSVDFLDAYPGILDQKFEVSSVADCLDSAVALAAYKWLVCYLLRETYQKLNQEKRSG
SSDFEARNKCQVSHGRPLALAFVELTVVQRFHEHVHQPSVPPSLRAVLGRLSALYALWSL
SRHAALLYRGGYFSGEQAGEVLESAVLALCSQLKDDAVALVDVIAPPDFVLDSPIGRADG
ELYKNLWGAVLQESKVLERASWWPEFSVNKPVIGSLKSKL
Enzyme 70 Number of Residues 700
Enzyme 70 Molecular Weight 77628.3
Enzyme 70 Theoretical pI 7.27
Enzyme 70 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • acyl-CoA oxidase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • fatty acid beta-oxidation
  • fatty acid catabolic process
  • fatty acid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
  • organic acid metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • oxoacid metabolic process
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • microbody
  • organelle
  • peroxisome
Enzyme 70 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
Enzyme 70 Specific Function Oxidizes the CoA-esters of 2-methyl-branched fatty acids
Enzyme 70 Pathways
Enzyme 70 Reactions
  • acyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + H2O2 [RN:R00388]
Enzyme 70 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 70 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 70 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 70 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 70 GenBank ID Protein 2326549 Link Image
Enzyme 70 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O15254 Link Image
Enzyme 70 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACOX3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 70 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 70 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 70 Gene Sequence >2103 bp
ATGGCATCCACTGTGGAAGGAGGCGACACAGCTCTGCTCCCAGAATTCCCCAGGGGGCCC
CTCGATGCCTACCGAGCAAGAGCGTCCTTCAGCTGGAAGGACGTGGCGCTGTTCACGGAA
GGGGAGGGCAATGTCCGCTTTAAGAAAACCATCTTCTCAGCTCTTGAGAATGACCCTCTT
TTCGCTCGTTCCCCTGGAGCCGACCTGTCCTTGGAGAAGTATCGCGAGCTGAACTTCCTT
CGATGCAAGCGGATCTTCGAGTATGACTTCCTCAGTGTCGAAGCAATGTTCAAGAGCCCT
CTGAAGGTCCCCGCCTTGATTCAGTGCCTGGGCATGTATGACTCTTCTCTGGCTGCCAAG
TACCTCCTCCATAGCTTGGTTTTTGGATCAGCAGTTTACAGTTCTGGTTCTGAAAGACAT
CTCACATATATTCAAAAGATCTTCAGGATGGAGATTTTTGGATGTTTTGCTCTGACCGAA
TTAAGCCACGGCAGTAATACCAAGGCCATTCGCACAACTGCCCACTACGATCCTGCCACT
GAGGAATTCATCATACATTCCCCTGATTTCGAAGCTGCCAAGTTTTGGGTTGGCAACATG
GGCAAGACAGCCACTCACGCGGTGGTGTTTGCTAAGCTGTGTGTGCCAGGGGACCAGTGC
CATGGGCTGCATCCCTTTATCGTGCAGATCCGGGACCCGAAGACCCTTCTTCCCATGCCT
GGAGTGATGGTTGGCGACATAGGAAAAAAACTCGGGCAGAACGGTCTAGATAATGGTTTC
GCCATGTTCCACAAGGTCAGAGTTCCTCGCCAGAGCCTTCTGAACCGGATGGGAGACGTC
ACCCCCGAGGGCACCTATGTCAGCCCCTTTAAGGACGTCAGGCAGCGCTTTGGAGCGTCC
CTGGGGAGCCTGTCCTCGGGCCGGGTCTCCATCGTGAGCCTGGCCATCCTTAACCTAAAG
CTGGCCGTGGCCATCGCTCTTCGCTTCTCAGCCACTCGGCGTCAGTTTGGACCCACAGAG
GAGGAGGAAATACCAGTGCTTGAGTATCCAATGCAGCAATGGCGCTTGCTTCCATATCTG
GCAGCTGTCTACGGCTTAGACCATTTCTCCAAGTCGCTCTTCCTGGACCTGGTGGAGCTC
CAGCGAGGACTTGCATCGGGAGACCGCAGCGCCAGACAGGCAGAGCTTGGACGTGAGATC
CACGCCCTGGCATCGGCCAGCAAGCCCCTGGCCTCGTGGACCACCCAGCAAGGAATTCAG
GAATGCCGGGAGGCGTGTGGAGGACACGGCTATCTGGCCATGAACCGGTTGGGTGTCCTT
AGAGATGACAACGATCCCAACTGCACATACGAAGGTGACAACAACATCCTGCTGCAGCAG
ACAAGCAACTATTTGCTGGGTCTCCTGGCACACCAGGTCCACGATGGAGCTTGCTTCCGC
AGTCCGCTGAAGTCAGTGGACTTTCTGGACGCCTATCCCGGCATCCTTGACCAGAAGTTT
GAGGTCTCCAGTGTTGCCGACTGCTTGGACTCTGCAGTCGCCCTGGCAGCATACAAGTGG
CTGGTTTGCTACCTGCTCCGAGAGACTTATCAAAAATTAAACCAAGAGAAAAGATCAGGA
AGCAGTGACTTTGAAGCAAGGAACAAATGCCAGGTGTCCCACGGCCGTCCGTTGGCGCTG
GCCTTCGTGGAGCTCACGGTGGTCCAGAGGTTCCACGAGCACGTGCACCAGCCTTCCGTG
CCGCCCTCGCTGCGGGCCGTGCTGGGGCGGCTCAGTGCTCTGTACGCCCTGTGGTCCCTG
AAGCGCCACGCGGCCCTGCTCTACCGAGGAGGATACTTCTCCGGTGAGCAGGCGGGAGAA
GTGTTGGAGAGCGCCGTCCTGGCTTTGTGTTCCCAGCTGAAAGACGATGCAGTTGCCCTG
GTAGACGTGATCGCTCCTCCTGACTTTGTTCTGGACTCACCGATTGGCAGAGCCGACGGC
GAGCTCTACAAAAACCTCTGGGGCGCTGTCCTGCAGGAAAGCAAGGTGTTGGAGCGGGCA
TCCTGGTGGCCAGAGTTTTCTGTGAACAAACCTGTCATAGGAAGTCTGAAATCGAAGCTC
TAG
Enzyme 70 GenBank Gene ID Y11411 Link Image
Enzyme 70 GeneCard ID ACOX3 Link Image
Enzyme 70 GenAtlas ID ACOX3 Link Image
Enzyme 70 HGNC ID HGNC:121 Link Image
Enzyme 70 Chromosome Location 4
Enzyme 70 Locus 4p15.3
Enzyme 70 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 70 General References
  1. Vanhooren JC, Marynen P, Mannaerts GP, Van Veldhoven PP: Evidence for the existence of a pristanoyl-CoA oxidase gene in man. Biochem J. 1997 Aug 1;325 ( Pt 3):593-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Oppermann FS, Gnad F, Olsen JV, Hornberger R, Greff Z, Keri G, Mann M, Daub H: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1751-64. Epub 2009 Apr 15. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 70 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 71 [top]
Enzyme 71 ID 5425
Enzyme 71 Name Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial
Enzyme 71 Synonyms
  1. Iron-sulfur subunit of complex II
  2. Ip
Enzyme 71 Gene Name SDHB
Enzyme 71 Protein Sequence >Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial
MAAVVALSLRRRLPATTLGGACLQASRGAQTAAATAPRIKKFAIYRWDPDKAGDKPHMQT
YEVDLNKCGPMVLDALIKIKNEVDSTLTFRRSCREGICGSCAMNINGGNTLACTRRIDTN
LNKVSKIYPLPHMYVIKDLVPDLSNFYAQYKSIEPYLKKKDESQEGKQQYLQSIEEREKL
DGLYECILCACCSTSCPSYWWNGDKYLGPAVLMQAYRWMIDSRDDFTEERLAKLQDPFSL
YRCHTIMNCTRTCPKGLNPGKAIAEIKKMMATYKEKKASV
Enzyme 71 Number of Residues 280
Enzyme 71 Molecular Weight 31629.4
Enzyme 71 Theoretical pI 8.92
Enzyme 71 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • electron carrier activity
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • acetyl-CoA catabolic process
  • acetyl-CoA metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • coenzyme metabolic process
  • cofactor metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • tricarboxylic acid cycle
Component
Enzyme 71 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 71 Specific Function Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q)
Enzyme 71 Pathways
Enzyme 71 Reactions
  • succinate + ubiquinone = fumarate + ubiquinol [RN:R02164]
Enzyme 71 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 71 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 71 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 71 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 71 GenBank ID Protein 189065269 Link Image
Enzyme 71 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P21912 Link Image
Enzyme 71 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DHSB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 71 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 71 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 71 Gene Sequence >843 bp
ATGGCGGCGGTGGTCGCACTCTCCTTGAGGCGCCGGTTGCCGGCCACAACCCTTGGCGGA
GCCTGCCTGCAGGCCTCCCGAGGAGCCCAGACAGCTGCAGCCACAGCTCCCCGTATCAAG
AAATTTGCCATCTATCGATGGGACCCAGACAAGGCTGGAGACAAACCTCATATGCAGACT
TATGAAGTTGACCTTAATAAATGTGGCCCCATGGTATTGGATGCTTTAATCAAGATTAAG
AATGAAGTTGACTCTACTTTGACCTTCCGAAGATCATGCAGAGAAGGCATCTGTGGCTCT
TGTGCAATGAACATCAATGGAGGCAACACTCTAGCTTGCACCCGAAGGATTGACACCAAC
CTCAATAAGGTCTCAAAAATCTACCCTCTTCCACACATGTATGTGATAAAGGATCTTGTT
CCCGATTTGAGCAACTTCTATGCACAGTACAAATCCATTGAGCCTTATTTGAAGAAGAAG
GATGAATCTCAGGAAGGCAAGCAGCAGTATCTGCAGTCCATAGAAGAGCGTGAGAAACTG
GACGGGCTCTACGAGTGCATTCTCTGTGCCTGCTGTAGCACCAGCTGCCCCAGCTACTGG
TGGAACGGAGACAAATATCTGGGGCCTGCAGTTCTTATGCAGGCCTATCGCTGGATGATT
GACTCCAGAGATGACTTCACAGAGGAGCGCCTGGCCAAGCTGCAGGACCCATTCTCTCTA
TACCGCTGCCACACCATCATGAACTGCACAAGGACCTGTCCTAAGGGTCTGAATCCAGGG
AAAGCTATTGCAGAGATCAAGAAAATGATGGCAACCTATAAGGAGAAGAAAGCTTCAGTT
TAA
Enzyme 71 GenBank Gene ID AK312056 Link Image
Enzyme 71 GeneCard ID SDHB Link Image
Enzyme 71 GenAtlas ID SDHB Link Image
Enzyme 71 HGNC ID HGNC:10681 Link Image
Enzyme 71 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 71 Locus 1p36.1-p35
Enzyme 71 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 71 General References
  1. Au HC, Ream-Robinson D, Bellew LA, Broomfield PL, Saghbini M, Scheffler IE: Structural organization of the gene encoding the human iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase. Gene. 1995 Jul 4;159(2):249-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kita K, Oya H, Gennis RB, Ackrell BA, Kasahara M: Human complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase): cDNA cloning of iron sulfur (Ip) subunit of liver mitochondria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Jan 15;166(1):101-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gould SJ, Subramani S, Scheffler IE: Use of the DNA polymerase chain reaction for homology probing: isolation of partial cDNA or genomic clones encoding the iron-sulfur protein of succinate dehydrogenase from several species. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1934-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Astuti D, Latif F, Dallol A, Dahia PL, Douglas F, George E, Skoldberg F, Husebye ES, Eng C, Maher ER: Gene mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase subunit SDHB cause susceptibility to familial pheochromocytoma and to familial paraganglioma. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jul;69(1):49-54. Epub 2001 Jun 12. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Young AL, Baysal BE, Deb A, Young WF Jr: Familial malignant catecholamine-secreting paraganglioma with prolonged survival associated with mutation in the succinate dehydrogenase B gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Sep;87(9):4101-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Baysal BE, Willett-Brozick JE, Lawrence EC, Drovdlic CM, Savul SA, McLeod DR, Yee HA, Brackmann DE, Slattery WH 3rd, Myers EN, Ferrell RE, Rubinstein WS: Prevalence of SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD germline mutations in clinic patients with head and neck paragangliomas. J Med Genet. 2002 Mar;39(3):178-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Neumann HP, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Bender BU, Gimm O, Franke G, Schipper J, Klisch J, Altehoefer C, Zerres K, Januszewicz A, Eng C, Smith WM, Munk R, Manz T, Glaesker S, Apel TW, Treier M, Reineke M, Walz MK, Hoang-Vu C, Brauckhoff M, Klein-Franke A, Klose P, Schmidt H, Maier-Woelfle M, Peczkowska M, Szmigielski C, Eng C: Germ-line mutations in nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med. 2002 May 9;346(19):1459-66. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Favier J, Rustin P, Rieubland C, Crespin M, Nau V, Khau Van Kien P, Corvol P, Plouin PF, Jeunemaitre X: Mutations in the SDHB gene are associated with extra-adrenal and/or malignant phaeochromocytomas. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5615-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Astuti D, Hart-Holden N, Latif F, Lalloo F, Black GC, Lim C, Moran A, Grossman AB, Hodgson SV, Freemont A, Ramsden R, Eng C, Evans DG, Maher ER: Genetic analysis of mitochondrial complex II subunits SDHD, SDHB and SDHC in paraganglioma and phaeochromocytoma susceptibility. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2003 Dec;59(6):728-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Benn DE, Croxson MS, Tucker K, Bambach CP, Richardson AL, Delbridge L, Pullan PT, Hammond J, Marsh DJ, Robinson BG: Novel succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) mutations in familial phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas, but an absence of somatic SDHB mutations in sporadic phaeochromocytomas. Oncogene. 2003 Mar 6;22(9):1358-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. McDonnell CM, Benn DE, Marsh DJ, Robinson BG, Zacharin MR: K40E: a novel succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)B mutation causing familial phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2004 Oct;61(4):510-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Neumann HP, Pawlu C, Peczkowska M, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Muresan M, Buchta M, Franke G, Klisch J, Bley TA, Hoegerle S, Boedeker CC, Opocher G, Schipper J, Januszewicz A, Eng C: Distinct clinical features of paraganglioma syndromes associated with SDHB and SDHD gene mutations. JAMA. 2004 Aug 25;292(8):943-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Maier-Woelfle M, Brandle M, Komminoth P, Saremaslani P, Schmid S, Locher T, Heitz PU, Krull I, Galeazzi RL, Schmid C, Perren A: A novel succinate dehydrogenase subunit B gene mutation, H132P, causes familial malignant sympathetic extraadrenal paragangliomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jan;89(1):362-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. van Nederveen FH, Korpershoek E, Lenders JW, de Krijger RR, Dinjens WN: Somatic SDHB mutation in an extraadrenal pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med. 2007 Jul 19;357(3):306-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. McWhinney SR, Pasini B, Stratakis CA: Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors and germ-line mutations. N Engl J Med. 2007 Sep 6;357(10):1054-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Ni Y, Zbuk KM, Sadler T, Patocs A, Lobo G, Edelman E, Platzer P, Orloff MS, Waite KA, Eng C: Germline mutations and variants in the succinate dehydrogenase genes in Cowden and Cowden-like syndromes. Am J Hum Genet. 2008 Aug;83(2):261-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 71 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 72 [top]
Enzyme 72 ID 5426
Enzyme 72 Name Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3
Enzyme 72 Synonyms
  1. E-NPP 3
  2. Phosphodiesterase I beta
  3. PD-Ibeta
  4. Phosphodiesterase I/nucleotide pyrophosphatase 3
  5. CD203c antigen
  6. Alkaline phosphodiesterase I
  7. Nucleotide pyrophosphatase
  8. NPPase
Enzyme 72 Gene Name ENPP3
Enzyme 72 Protein Sequence >Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3
MESTLTLATEQPVKKNTLKKYKIACIVLLALLVIMSLGLGLGLGLRKLEKQGSCRKKCFD
ASFRGLENCRCDVACKDRGDCCWDFEDTCVESTRIWMCNKFRCGETRLEASLCSCSDDCL
QRKDCCADYKSVCQGETSWLEENCDTAQQSQCPEGFDLPPVILFSMDGFRAEYLYTWDTL
MPNINKLKTCGIHSKYMRAMYPTKTFPNHYTIVTGLYPESHGIIDNNMYDVNLNKNFSLS
SKEQNNPAWWHGQPMWLTAMYQGLKAATYFWPGSEVAINGSFPSIYMPYNGSVPFEERIS
TLLKWLDLPKAERPRFYTMYFEEPDSSGHAGGPVSARVIKALQVVDHAFGMLMEGLKQRN
LHNCVNIILLADHGMDQTYCNKMEYMTDYFPRINFFYMYEGPAPRIRAHNIPHDFFSFNS
EEIVRNLSCRKPDQHFKPYLTPDLPKRLHYAKNVRIDKVHLFVDQQWLAVRSKSNTNCGG
GNHGYNNEFRSMEAIFLAHGPSFKEKTEVEPFENIEVYNLMCDLLRIQPAPNNGTHGSLN
HLLKVPFYEPSHAEEVSKFSVCGFANPLPTESLDCFCPHLQNSTQLEQVNQMLNLTQEEI
TATVKVNLPFGRPRVLQKNVDHCLLYHREYVSGFGKAMRMPMWSSYTVPQLGDTSPLPPT
VPDCLRADVRVPPSESQKCSFYLADKNITHGFLYPPASNRTSDSQYDALITSNLVPMYEE
FRKMWDYFHSVLLIKHATERNGVNVVSGPIFDYNYDGHFDAPDEITKHLANTDVPIPTHY
FVVLTSCKNKSHTPENCPGWLDVLPFIIPHRPTNVESCPEGKPEALWVEERFTAHIARVR
DVELLTGLDFYQDKVQPVSEILQLKTYLPTFETTI
Enzyme 72 Number of Residues 875
Enzyme 72 Molecular Weight 100123.5
Enzyme 72 Theoretical pI 6.55
Enzyme 72 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • molecular transducer activity
  • nucleic acid binding
  • pattern binding
  • polysaccharide binding
  • receptor activity
  • scavenger receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
Process
  • immune response
  • immune system process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 72 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 72 Specific Function Cleaves a variety of phosphodiester and phosphosulfate bonds including deoxynucleotides, nucleotide sugars, and NAD
Enzyme 72 Pathways
Enzyme 72 Reactions
  • a dinucleotide + H2O = 2 mononucleotides [RN:R00056]
Enzyme 72 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 72 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 72 Transmembrane Regions
  • 12-30
Enzyme 72 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 72 GenBank ID Protein 2465540 Link Image
Enzyme 72 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O14638 Link Image
Enzyme 72 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ENPP3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 72 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 72 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 72 Gene Sequence >2628 bp
ATGGAATCTACGTTGACTTTAGCAACGGAACAACCTGTTAAGAAGAACACTCTTAAGAAA
TATAAAATAGCTTGCATTGTTCTTCTTGCTTTGCTGGTGATCATGTCACTTGGATTAGGC
CTGGGGCTTGGACTCAGGAAACTGGAAAAGCAAGGCAGCTGCAGGAAGAAGTGCTTTGAT
GCATCATTTAGAGGACTGGAGAACTGCCGGTGTGATGTGGCATGTAAAGACCGAGGTGAT
TGCTGCTGGGATTTTGAAGACACCTGTGTGGAATCAACTCGAATATGGATGTGCAATAAA
TTTCGTTGTGGAGAGACCAGATTAGAGGCCAGCCTTTGCTCTTGTTCAGATGACTGTTTG
CAGAAGAAAGATTGCTGTGCTGACTATAAGAGTGTTTGCCAAGGAGAAACCTCATGGCTG
GAAGAAAACTGTGACACAGCCCAGCAGTCTCAGTGCCCAGAAGGGTTTGACCTGCCACCA
GTTATCTTGTTTTCTATGGATGGATTTAGAGCTGAATATTTATACACATGGGATACTTTA
ATGCCAAATATCAATAAACTGAAAACATGTGGAATTCATTCAAAATACATGAGAGCTATG
TATCCTACCAAAACCTTCCCAAATCATTACACCATTGTCACGGGCTTGTATCCAGAGTCA
CATGGCATCATTGACAATAATATGTATGATGTAAATCTCAACAAGAATTTTTCACTTTCT
TCAAAGGAACAAAATAATCCAGCCTGGTGGCATGGGCAACCAATGTGGCTGACAGCAATG
TATCAAGGTTTAAAAGCCGCTACCTACTTTTGGCCCGGATCAGAAGTGGCTATAAATGGC
TCCTTTCCTTCCATATACATGCCTTACAACGGAAGTGTCCCATTTGAAGAGAGGATTTCT
ACACTGTTAAAATGGCTGGACCTGCCCAAAGCTGAAAGACCCAGGTTTTATACCATGTAT
TTTGAAGAACCTGATTCCTCTGGACATGCAGGTGGACCAGTCAGTGCCAGAGTAATTAAA
GCCTTACAGGTAGTAGATCATGCTTTTGGGATGTTGATGGAAGGCCTGAAGCAGCGGAAT
TTGCACAACTGTGTCAATATCATCCTTCTGGCTGACCATGGAATGGACCAGACTTATTGT
AACAAGATGGAATACATGACTGATTATTTTCCCAGAATAAACTTCTTCTACATGTACGAA
GGGCCTGCCCCCCGCATCCGAGCTCATAATATACCTCATGACTTTTTTAGTTTTAATTCT
GAGGAAATTGTTAGAAACCTCAGTTGCCGAAAACCTGATCAGCATTTCAAGCCCTATTTG
ACTCCTGATTTGCCAAAGCGACTGCACTATGCCAAGAACGTCAGAATCGACAAAGTTCAT
CTCTTTGTGGATCAACAGTGGCTGGCTGTTAGGAGTAAATCAAATACAAATTGTGGAGGA
GGCAACCATGGTTATAACAATGAGTTTAGGAGCATGGAGGCTATCTTTCTGGCACATGGA
CCCAGTTTTAAAGAGAAGACTGAAGTTGAACCATTTGAAAATATTGAAGTCTATAACCTA
ATGTGTGATCTTCTACGCATTCAACCAGCACCAAACAATGGAACCCATGGTAGTTTAAAC
CATCTTCTGAAGGTGCCTTTTTATGAGCCATCCCATGCAGAGGAGGTGTCAAAGTTTTCT
GTTTGTGGCTTTGCTAATCCATTGCCCACAGAGTCTCTTGACTGTTTCTGCCCTCACCTA
CAAAATAGTACTCAGCTGGAACAAGTGAATCAGATGCTAAATCTCACCCAAGAAGAAATA
ACAGCAACAGTGAAAGTAAATTTGCCATTTGGGAGGCCTAGGGTACTGCAGAAGAACGTG
GACCACTGTCTCCTTTACCACAGGGAATATGTCAGTGGATTTGGAAAAGCTATGAGGATG
CCCATGTGGAGTTCATACACAGTCCCCCAGTTGGGAGACACATCGCCTCTGCCTCCCACT
GTCCCAGACTGTCTGCGGGCTGATGTCAGGGTTCCTCCTTCTGAGAGCCAAAAATGTTCC
TTCTATTTAGCAGACAAGAATATCACCCACGGCTTCCTCTATCCTCCTGCCAGCAATAGA
ACATCAGATAGCCAATATGATGCTTTAATTACTAGCAATTTGGTACCTATGTATGAAGAA
TTCAGAAAAATGTGGGACTACTTCCACAGTGTTCTTCTTATAAAACATGCCACAGAAAGA
AATGGAGTAAATGTGGTTAGTGGACCAATATTTGATTATAATTATGATGGCCATTTTGAT
GCTCCAGATGAAATTACCAAACATTTAGCCAACACTGATGTTCCCATCCCAACACACTAC
TTTGTGGTGCTGACCAGTTGTAAAAACAAGAGCCACACACCGGAAAACTGCCCTGGGTGG
CTGGATGTCCTACCCTTTATCATCCCTCACCGACCTACCAACGTGGAGAGCTGTCCTGAA
GGTAAACCAGAAGCTCTTTGGGTTGAAGAAAGATTTACAGCTCACATTGCCCGGGTCCGT
GATGTAGAACTTCTCACTGGGCTTGACTTCTATCAGGATAAAGTGCAGCCTGTCTCTGAA
ATTTTGCAACTAAAGACATATTTACCAACATTTGAAACCACTATTTAA
Enzyme 72 GenBank Gene ID AF005632 Link Image
Enzyme 72 GeneCard ID ENPP3 Link Image
Enzyme 72 GenAtlas ID ENPP3 Link Image
Enzyme 72 HGNC ID HGNC:3358 Link Image
Enzyme 72 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 72 Locus 6q22
Enzyme 72 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 72 General References
  1. Jin-Hua P, Goding JW, Nakamura H, Sano K: Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of PD-Ibeta (PDNP3), a new member of the human phosphodiesterase I genes. Genomics. 1997 Oct 15;45(2):412-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Buhring HJ, Seiffert M, Giesert C, Marxer A, Kanz L, Valent P, Sano K: The basophil activation marker defined by antibody 97A6 is identical to the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3. Blood. 2001 May 15;97(10):3303-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Yano Y, Hayashi Y, Sano K, Nagano H, Nakaji M, Seo Y, Ninomiya T, Yoon S, Yokozaki H, Kasuga M: Expression and localization of ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase I-1 (E-NPP1/PC-1) and -3 (E-NPP3/CD203c/PD-Ibeta/B10/gp130(RB13-6)) in inflammatory and neoplastic bile duct diseases. Cancer Lett. 2004 Apr 30;207(2):139-47. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Buhring HJ, Streble A, Valent P: The basophil-specific ectoenzyme E-NPP3 (CD203c) as a marker for cell activation and allergy diagnosis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2004 Apr;133(4):317-29. Epub 2004 Mar 17. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 72 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 73 [top]
Enzyme 73 ID 5428
Enzyme 73 Name Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 73 Synonyms
  1. GR
  2. GRase
Enzyme 73 Gene Name GSR
Enzyme 73 Protein Sequence >Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial
MALLPRALSAGAGPSWRRAARAFRGFLLLLPEPAALTRALSRAMACRQEPQPQGPPPAAG
AVASYDYLVIGGGSGGLASARRAAELGARAAVVESHKLGGTCVNVGCVPKKVMWNTAVHS
EFMHDHADYGFPSCEGKFNWRVIKEKRDAYVSRLNAIYQNNLTKSHIEIIRGHAAFTSDP
KPTIEVSGKKYTAPHILIATGGMPSTPHESQIPGASLGITSDGFFQLEELPGRSVIVGAG
YIAVEMAGILSALGSKTSLMIRHDKVLRSFDSMISTNCTEELENAGVEVLKFSQVKEVKK
TLSGLEVSMVTAVPGRLPVMTMIPDVDCLLWAIGRVPNTKDLSLNKLGIQTDDKGHIIVD
EFQNTNVKGIYAVGDVCGKALLTPVAIAAGRKLAHRLFEYKEDSKLDYNNIPTVVFSHPP
IGTVGLTEDEAIHKYGIENVKTYSTSFTPMYHAVTKRKTKCVMKMVCANKEEKVVGIHMQ
GLGCDEMLQGFAVAVKMGATKADFDNTVAIHPTSSEELVTLR
Enzyme 73 Number of Residues 522
Enzyme 73 Molecular Weight 56256.6
Enzyme 73 Theoretical pI 8.66
Enzyme 73 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • disulfide oxidoreductase activity
  • glutathione disulfide oxidoreductase activity
  • glutathione-disulfide reductase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors
  • peptide disulfide oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • cell redox homeostasis
  • cellular homeostasis
  • cellular metabolic process
  • cellular process
  • glutathione metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • peptide metabolic process
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 73 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 73 Specific Function Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol
Enzyme 73 Pathways
Enzyme 73 Reactions
  • 2 glutathione + NADP+ = glutathione disulfide + NADPH + H+ [RN:R00115]
Enzyme 73 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 73 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 73 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 73 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 73 GenBank ID Protein 50301238 Link Image
Enzyme 73 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P00390 Link Image
Enzyme 73 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GSHR_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 73 PDB ID 1BWC Link Image
Enzyme 73 PDB File Show
Enzyme 73 3D Structure
Enzyme 73 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 73 Gene Sequence >1569 bp
ATGGCCCTGCTGCCCCGAGCCCTGAGCGCCGGCGCGGGACCGAGCTGGCGGCGGGCGGCG
CGCGCCTTCCGAGGCTTCCTGCTGCTTCTGCCCGAGCCCGCGGCCCTCACGCGCGCCCTC
TCCCGTGCCATGGCCTGCAGGCAGGAGCCGCAGCCGCAGGGCCCGCCGCCCGCTGCTGGC
GCCGTGGCCTCCTATGACTACCTGGTGATCGGGGGCGGCTCGGGCGGGCTGGCCAGCGCG
CGCAGGGCGGCCGAGCTGGGTGCCAGGGCCGCCGTGGTGGAGAGCCACAAGCTGGGTGGC
ACTTGCGTGAATGTTGGATGTGTACCCAAAAAGGTAATGTGGAACACAGCTGTCCACTCT
GAATTCATGCATGATCATGCTGATTATGGCTTTCCAAGTTGTGAGGGTAAATTCAATTGG
CGTGTTATTAAGGAAAAGCGGGATGCCTATGTGAGCCGCCTGAATGCCATCTATCAAAAC
AATCTCACCAAGTCCCATATAGAAATCATCCGTGGCCATGCAGCCTTCACGAGTGATCCC
AAGCCCACAATAGAGGTCAGTGGGAAAAAGTACACCGCCCCACACATCCTGATCGCCACA
GGTGGTATGCCCTCCACCCCTCATGAGAGCCAGATCCCCGGTGCCAGCTTAGGAATAACC
AGCGATGGATTTTTTCAGCTGGAAGAATTGCCCGGCCGCAGCGTCATTGTTGGTGCAGGT
TACATTGCTGTGGAGATGGCAGGGATCCTGTCAGCCCTGGGTTCTAAGACATCACTGATG
ATACGGCATGATAAGGTACTTAGAAGTTTTGATTCAATGATCAGCACCAACTGCACGGAG
GAGCTGGAGAACGCTGGCGTGGAGGTGCTGAAGTTCTCCCAGGTCAAGGAGGTTAAAAAG
ACTTTGTCGGGCTTGGAAGTCAGCATGGTTACTGCAGTTCCCGGTAGGCTACCAGTCATG
ACCATGATTCCAGATGTTGACTGCCTGCTCTGGGCCATTGGGCGGGTCCCGAATACCAAG
GACCTGAGTTTAAACAAACTGGGGATTCAAACCGATGACAAGGGTCATATCATCGTAGAC
GAATTCCAGAATACCAACGTCAAAGGCATCTATGCAGTTGGGGATGTATGTGGAAAAGCT
CTTCTTACTCCAGTTGCAATAGCTGCTGGCCGAAAACTTGCCCATCGACTTTTTGAATAT
AAGGAAGATTCCAAATTAGATTATAACAACATCCCAACTGTGGTCTTCAGCCACCCCCCT
ATTGGGACAGTGGGACTCACGGAAGATGAAGCCATTCATAAATATGGAATAGAAAATGTG
AAGACCTATTCAACGAGCTTTACCCCGATGTATCACGCAGTTACCAAAAGGAAAACAAAA
TGTGTGATGAAAATGGTCTGTGCTAACAAGGAAGAAAAGGTGGTTGGGATCCATATGCAG
GGACTTGGGTGTGATGAAATGCTGCAGGGTTTTGCTGTTGCAGTGAAGATGGGAGCAACG
AAGGCAGACTTTGACAACACAGTCGCCATTCACCCTACCTCTTCAGAAGAGCTGGTCACA
CTTCGTTGA
Enzyme 73 GenBank Gene ID NM_000637.3 Link Image
Enzyme 73 GeneCard ID GSR Link Image
Enzyme 73 GenAtlas ID GSR Link Image
Enzyme 73 HGNC ID HGNC:4623 Link Image
Enzyme 73 Chromosome Location 8
Enzyme 73 Locus 8p21.1
Enzyme 73 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 73 General References
  1. Tutic M, Lu XA, Schirmer RH, Werner D: Cloning and sequencing of mammalian glutathione reductase cDNA. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Mar 30;188(3):523-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kelner MJ, Montoya MA: Structural organization of the human glutathione reductase gene: determination of correct cDNA sequence and identification of a mitochondrial leader sequence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Mar 16;269(2):366-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Nusbaum C, Mikkelsen TS, Zody MC, Asakawa S, Taudien S, Garber M, Kodira CD, Schueler MG, Shimizu A, Whittaker CA, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Yang X, Allen NR, Anderson S, Asakawa T, Blechschmidt K, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Butler J, Cook A, Corum B, DeArellano K, DeCaprio D, Dooley KT, Dorris L 3rd, Engels R, Glockner G, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hall JL, Ishikawa SK, Jaffe DB, Kamat A, Kudoh J, Lehmann R, Lokitsang T, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews CD, Mauceli E, Menzel U, Mihalev AH, Minoshima S, Murayama Y, Naylor JW, Nicol R, Nguyen C, O'Leary SB, O'Neill K, Parker SC, Polley A, Raymond CK, Reichwald K, Rodriguez J, Sasaki T, Schilhabel M, Siddiqui R, Smith CL, Sneddon TP, Talamas JA, Tenzin P, Topham K, Venkataraman V, Wen G, Yamazaki S, Young SK, Zeng Q, Zimmer AR, Rosenthal A, Birren BW, Platzer M, Shimizu N, Lander ES: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 8. Nature. 2006 Jan 19;439(7074):331-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Krauth-Siegel RL, Blatterspiel R, Saleh M, Schiltz E, Schirmer RH, Untucht-Grau R: Glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes. The sequences of the NADPH domain and of the interface domain. Eur J Biochem. 1982 Jan;121(2):259-67. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Krohne-Ehrich G, Schirmer RH, Untucht-Grau R: Glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes. Isolation of the enzyme and sequence analysis of the redox-active peptide. Eur J Biochem. 1977 Oct 17;80(1):65-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Thieme R, Pai EF, Schirmer RH, Schulz GE: Three-dimensional structure of glutathione reductase at 2 A resolution. J Mol Biol. 1981 Nov 15;152(4):763-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Karplus PA, Schulz GE: Refined structure of glutathione reductase at 1.54 A resolution. J Mol Biol. 1987 Jun 5;195(3):701-29. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Savvides SN, Karplus PA: Kinetics and crystallographic analysis of human glutathione reductase in complex with a xanthene inhibitor. J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 5;271(14):8101-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Stoll VS, Simpson SJ, Krauth-Siegel RL, Walsh CT, Pai EF: Glutathione reductase turned into trypanothione reductase: structural analysis of an engineered change in substrate specificity. Biochemistry. 1997 May 27;36(21):6437-47. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Becker K, Savvides SN, Keese M, Schirmer RH, Karplus PA: Enzyme inactivation through sulfhydryl oxidation by physiologic NO-carriers. Nat Struct Biol. 1998 Apr;5(4):267-71. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 73 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 74 [top]
Enzyme 74 ID 5429
Enzyme 74 Name Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 74 Synonyms
  1. GPD-M
  2. GPDH-M
  3. mtGPD
Enzyme 74 Gene Name GPD2
Enzyme 74 Protein Sequence >Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MAFQKAVKGTILVGGGALATVLGLSQFAHYRRKQMNLAYVKAADCISEPVNREPPSREAQ
LLTLQNTSEFDILVIGGGATGSGCALDAVTRGLKTALVERDDFSSGTSSRSTKLIHGGVR
YLQKAIMKLDIEQYRMVKEALHERANLLEIAPHLSAPLPIMLPVYKWWQLPYYWVGIKLY
DLVAGSNCLKSSYVLSKSRALEHFPMLQKDKLVGAIVYYDGQHNDARMNLAIALTAARYG
AATANYMEVVSLLKKTDPQTGKVRVSGARCKDVLTGQEFDVRAKCVINATGPFTDSVRKM
DDKDAAAICQPSAGVHIVMPGYYSPESMGLLDPATSDGRVIFFLPWQKMTIAGTTDTPTD
VTHHPIPSEEDINFILNEVRNYLSCDVEVRRGDVLAAWSGIRPLVTDPKSADTQSISRNH
VVDISESGLITIAGGKWTTYRSMAEDTINAAVKTHNLKAGPSRTVGLFLQGGKDWSPTLY
IRLVQDYGLESEVAQHLAATYGDKAFEVAKMASVTGKRWPIVGVRLVSEFPYIEAEVKYG
IKEYACTAVDMISRRTRLAFLNVQAAEEALPRIVELMGRELNWDDYKKQEQLETARKFLY
YEMGYKSRSEQLTDRSEISLLPSDIDRYKKRFHKFDADQKGFITIVDVQRVLESINVQMD
ENTLHEILNEVDLNKNGQVELNEFLQLMSAIQKGRVSGSRLAILMKTAEENLDRRVPIPV
DRSCGGL
Enzyme 74 Number of Residues 727
Enzyme 74 Molecular Weight 80852.0
Enzyme 74 Theoretical pI 7.77
Enzyme 74 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity
  • ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, quinone or similar compound as acceptor
Process
  • alcohol metabolic process
  • alditol metabolic process
  • glycerol metabolic process
  • glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • polyol metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
Component
  • glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex
  • macromolecular complex
  • protein complex
Enzyme 74 General Function Involved in calcium ion binding
Enzyme 74 Specific Function sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + a quinone = glycerone phosphate + a quinol
Enzyme 74 Pathways
Enzyme 74 Reactions
  • sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + a quinone = glycerone phosphate + a quinol [RN:R00849]
Enzyme 74 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 74 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 74 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 74 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 74 GenBank ID Protein 285002233 Link Image
Enzyme 74 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P43304 Link Image
Enzyme 74 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GPDM_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 74 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 74 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 74 Gene Sequence >2184 bp
ATGGCATTTCAAAAGGCAGTGAAAGGGACGATTCTTGTTGGAGGAGGTGCTCTTGCAACT
GTTTTAGGACTTTCTCAGTTTGCTCATTACAGAAGGAAACAAATGAACCTGGCCTATGTT
AAAGCAGCAGACTGCATTTCAGAACCAGTTAACAGGGAGCCTCCTTCCAGAGAAGCTCAG
CTACTGACTTTGCAAAACACATCTGAATTTGATATCCTTGTTATTGGAGGAGGAGCAACA
GGAAGTGGCTGTGCGCTAGATGCTGTCACCAGAGGACTAAAAACAGCCCTTGTAGAAAGA
GATGATTTCTCATCAGGGACCAGCAGCAGAAGCACTAAATTGATCCATGGTGGTGTGAGA
TATCTGCAGAAGGCCATCATGAAGTTGGATATTGAGCAGTATAGGATGGTAAAAGAAGCC
CTTCATGAGCGTGCCAACCTGCTAGAAATTGCTCCCCATTTATCAGCTCCATTGCCTATA
ATGCTTCCAGTTTACAAGTGGTGGCAGTTACCTTACTACTGGGTAGGAATCAAGCTGTAT
GATTTGGTTGCAGGAAGCAATTGCCTAAAAAGCAGTTATGTCCTCAGCAAATCAAGAGCC
CTTGAACATTTCCCAATGCTCCAGAAGGACAAACTGGTAGGAGCAATTGTCTACTATGAC
GGACAACATAACGATGCACGGATGAACCTTGCCATTGCTCTGACTGCTGCCAGGTATGGG
GCTGCCACAGCCAATTACATGGAGGTAGTGAGCTTGCTCAAGAAGACAGACCCCCAGACA
GGGAAAGTGCGTGTGAGCGGCGCACGGTGCAAGGATGTCCTCACAGGGCAGGAATTTGAC
GTGAGAGCCAAATGTGTTATCAATGCCACGGGACCTTTCACGGACTCTGTGCGCAAAATG
GATGATAAAGACGCAGCAGCTATCTGCCAGCCAAGTGCTGGTGTCCATATTGTGATGCCT
GGTTATTACAGCCCAGAGAGCATGGGACTTCTTGACCCAGCGACCAGTGATGGGCGAGTT
ATTTTCTTCTTACCCTGGCAAAAGATGACGATCGCTGGCACTACTGATACTCCAACTGAT
GTTACACACCATCCAATTCCTTCAGAAGAAGATATCAACTTCATTTTGAATGAAGTGCGT
AATTACCTGAGTTGTGATGTTGAAGTGAGAAGAGGGGATGTCCTGGCAGCATGGAGTGGA
ATCCGTCCTCTTGTTACAGACCCCAAATCTGCAGATACTCAGTCTATCTCCCGAAATCAT
GTTGTTGATATCAGTGAGAGTGGCCTTATTACTATAGCAGGTGGAAAGTGGACAACTTAT
CGGTCTATGGCAGAAGATACCATAAATGCTGCTGTCAAAACTCATAATTTAAAAGCAGGA
CCAAGTAGAACAGTTGGGCTTTTCCTTCAAGGGGGTAAAGATTGGAGCCCCACACTCTAC
ATTAGGCTTGTGCAGGATTATGGACTTGAAAGCGAGGTGGCACAGCATCTTGCCGCCACC
TATGGTGATAAGGCCTTTGAGGTGGCCAAAATGGCAAGTGTGACTGGCAAAAGGTGGCCT
ATTGTTGGAGTACGTCTTGTGTCAGAATTTCCATATATTGAAGCAGAGGTGAAATATGGG
ATTAAGGAGTATGCCTGCACTGCTGTGGATATGATTTCACGTCGTACTCGCCTGGCCTTT
CTAAATGTCCAGGCAGCAGAGGAAGCCCTACCCAGGATTGTTGAACTGATGGGCAGGGAA
CTGAATTGGGATGATTATAAGAAGCAGGAACAACTTGAAACAGCCAGGAAGTTTCTATAT
TATGAAATGGGCTATAAATCTCGATCAGAACAGTTAACAGATCGCTCTGAAATTAGCCTA
CTGCCTTCAGACATTGACAGGTATAAGAAGAGATTTCATAAGTTTGATGCAGACCAGAAA
GGCTTTATTACCATTGTTGATGTTCAGCGTGTATTAGAGAGTATCAATGTCCAAATGGAT
GAAAATACACTCCATGAAATTCTAAATGAAGTTGATTTGAATAAAAATGGACAGGTTGAA
CTCAATGAATTTTTGCAGCTGATGAGTGCTATTCAAAAAGGAAGGGTATCTGGAAGCCGG
CTTGCTATACTAATGAAAACTGCAGAAGAGAACCTCGACAGAAGAGTTCCAATTCCAGTG
GACCGTAGTTGTGGAGGATTGTGA
Enzyme 74 GenBank Gene ID NM_000408.4 Link Image
Enzyme 74 GeneCard ID GPD2 Link Image
Enzyme 74 GenAtlas ID GPD2 Link Image
Enzyme 74 HGNC ID HGNC:4456 Link Image
Enzyme 74 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 74 Locus 2q24.1
Enzyme 74 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 74 General References
  1. Lehn DA, Brown LJ, Simonson GD, Moran SM, MacDonald MJ: The sequence of a human mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-encoding cDNA. Gene. 1994 Dec 15;150(2):417-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ferrer J, Aoki M, Behn P, Nestorowicz A, Riggs A, Permutt MA: Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Cloning of an alternatively spliced human islet-cell cDNA, tissue distribution, physical mapping, and identification of a polymorphic genetic marker. Diabetes. 1996 Feb;45(2):262-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Brown LJ, Stoffel M, Moran SM, Fernald AA, Lehn DA, LeBeau MM, MacDonald MJ: Structural organization and mapping of the human mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase-encoding gene and pseudogene. Gene. 1996 Jun 26;172(2):309-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, Ricafrente JY, Wentland MA, Lennon G, Gibbs RA: Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing. Genome Res. 1997 Apr;7(4):353-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 74 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 75 [top]
Enzyme 75 ID 5430
Enzyme 75 Name Heme oxygenase 1
Enzyme 75 Synonyms
  1. HO-1
Enzyme 75 Gene Name HMOX1
Enzyme 75 Protein Sequence >Heme oxygenase 1
MERPQPDSMPQDLSEALKEATKEVHTQAENAEFMRNFQKGQVTRDGFKLVMASLYHIYVA
LEEEIERNKESPVFAPVYFPEELHRKAALEQDLAFWYGPRWQEVIPYTPAMQRYVKRLHE
VGRTEPELLVAHAYTRYLGDLSGGQVLKKIAQKALDLPSSGEGLAFFTFPNIASATKFKQ
LYRSRMNSLEMTPAVRQRVIEEAKTAFLLNIQLFEELQELLTHDTKDQSPSRAPGLRQRA
SNKVQDSAPVETPRGKPPLNTRSQAPLLRWVLTLSFLVATVAVGLYAM
Enzyme 75 Number of Residues 288
Enzyme 75 Molecular Weight 32818.3
Enzyme 75 Theoretical pI 8.68
Enzyme 75 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
  • heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
  • heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
Process
  • heme metabolic process
  • heme oxidation
  • metabolic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • porphyrin metabolic process
  • tetrapyrrole metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 75 General Function Involved in heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
Enzyme 75 Specific Function Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed
Enzyme 75 Pathways
Enzyme 75 Reactions
  • heme + 3 AH2 + 3 O2 = biliverdin + Fe2+ + CO + 3 A + 3 H2O [RN:R00311]
Enzyme 75 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 75 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 75 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 75 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 75 GenBank ID Protein 35173 Link Image
Enzyme 75 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P09601 Link Image
Enzyme 75 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name HMOX1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 75 PDB ID 1T5P Link Image
Enzyme 75 PDB File Show
Enzyme 75 3D Structure
Enzyme 75 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 75 Gene Sequence >867 bp
ATGGAGCGTCCGCAACCCGACAGCATGCCCCAGGATTTGTCAGAGGCCCTGAAGGAGGCC
ACCAAGGAGGTGCACACCCAGGCAGAGAATGCTGAGTTCATGAGGAACTTTCAGAAGGGC
CAGGTGACCCGAGACGGCTTCAAGCTGGTGATGGCCTCCCTGTACCACATCTATGTGGCC
CTGGAGGAGGAGATTGAGCGCAACAAGGAGAGCCCAGTCTTCGCCCCTGTCTACTTCCCA
GAAGAGCTGCACCGCAAGGCTGCCCTGGAGCAGGACCTGGCCTTCTGGTACGGGCCCCGC
TGGCAGGAGGTCATCCCCTACACACCAGCCATGCAGCGCTATGTGAAGCGGCTCCACGAG
GTGGGGCGCACAGAGCCCGAGCTGCTGGTGGCCCACGCCTACACCCGCTACCTGGGTGAC
CTGTCTGGGGGCCAGGTGCTCAAAAAGATTGCCCAGAAAGCCCTGGACCTGCCCAGCTCT
GGCGAGGGCCTGGCCTTCTTCACCTTCCCCAACATTGCCAGTGCCACCAAGTTCAAGCAG
CTCTACCGCTCCCGCATGAACTCCCTGGAGATGACTCCCGCAGTCAGGCAGAGGGTGATA
GAAGAGGCCAAGACTGCGTTCCTGCTCAACATCCAGCTCTTTGAGGAGTTGCAGGAGCTG
CTGACCCATGACACCAAGGACCAGAGCCCCTCACGGGCACCAGGGCTTCGCCAGCGGGCC
AGCAACAAAGTGCAAGATTCTGCCCCCGTGGAGACTCCCAGAGGGAAGCCCCCACTCAAC
ACCCGCTCCCAGGCTCCGCTTCTCCGATGGGTCCTTACACTCAGCTTTCTGGTGGCGACA
GTTGCTGTAGGGCTTTATGCCATGTGA
Enzyme 75 GenBank Gene ID X06985 Link Image
Enzyme 75 GeneCard ID HMOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 75 GenAtlas ID HMOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 75 HGNC ID HGNC:5013 Link Image
Enzyme 75 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 75 Locus 22q12|22q13.1
Enzyme 75 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 75 General References
  1. Yoshida T, Biro P, Cohen T, Muller RM, Shibahara S: Human heme oxygenase cDNA and induction of its mRNA by hemin. Eur J Biochem. 1988 Feb 1;171(3):457-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Keyse SM, Tyrrell RM: Heme oxygenase is the major 32-kDa stress protein induced in human skin fibroblasts by UVA radiation, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium arsenite. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(1):99-103. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Shibahara S, Sato M, Muller RM, Yoshida T: Structural organization of the human heme oxygenase gene and the function of its promoter. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Feb 15;179(3):557-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Schuller DJ, Wilks A, Ortiz de Montellano PR, Poulos TL: Crystal structure of human heme oxygenase-1. Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Sep;6(9):860-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 75 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 76 [top]
Enzyme 76 ID 5431
Enzyme 76 Name Retinal dehydrogenase 1
Enzyme 76 Synonyms
  1. RALDH 1
  2. RalDH1
  3. ALDH-E1
  4. ALHDII
  5. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1
  6. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic
Enzyme 76 Gene Name ALDH1A1
Enzyme 76 Protein Sequence >Retinal dehydrogenase 1
MSSSGTPDLPVLLTDLKIQYTKIFINNEWHDSVSGKKFPVFNPATEEELCQVEEGDKEDV
DKAVKAARQAFQIGSPWRTMDASERGRLLYKLADLIERDRLLLATMESMNGGKLYSNAYL
NDLAGCIKTLRYCAGWADKIQGRTIPIDGNFFTYTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLVMLIWKI
GPALSCGNTVVVKPAEQTPLTALHVASLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGYGPTAGAAISSHMDID
KVAFTGSTEVGKLIKEAAGKSNLKRVTLELGGKSPCIVLADADLDNAVEFAHHGVFYHQG
QCCIAASRIFVEESIYDEFVRRSVERAKKYILGNPLTPGVTQGPQIDKEQYDKILDLIES
GKKEGAKLECGGGPWGNKGYFVQPTVFSNVTDEMRIAKEEIFGPVQQIMKFKSLDDVIKR
ANNTFYGLSAGVFTKDIDKAITISSALQAGTVWVNCYGVVSAQCPFGGFKMSGNGRELGE
YGFHEYTEVKTVTVKISQKNS
Enzyme 76 Number of Residues 501
Enzyme 76 Molecular Weight 54861.4
Enzyme 76 Theoretical pI 6.71
Enzyme 76 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 76 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 76 Specific Function Binds free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein- bound retinal. Can convert/oxidize retinaldehyde to retinoic acid
Enzyme 76 Pathways
Enzyme 76 Reactions
  • retinal + NAD+ + H2O = retinoate + NADH + 2 H+ [RN:R02123]
Enzyme 76 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 76 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 76 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 76 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 76 GenBank ID Protein 2183299 Link Image
Enzyme 76 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P00352 Link Image
Enzyme 76 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1A1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 76 PDB ID 1BXS Link Image
Enzyme 76 PDB File Show
Enzyme 76 3D Structure
Enzyme 76 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 76 Gene Sequence >1506 bp
ATGTCATCCTCAGGCACGCCAGACTTACCTGTCCTACTCACCGATTTGAAGATTCAATAT
ACTAAGATCTTCATAAACAATGAATGGCATGATTCAGTGAGTGGCAAGAAATTTCCTGTC
TTTAATCCTGCAACTGAGGAGGAGCTCTGCCAGGTAGAAGAAGGAGATAAGGAGGATGTT
GACAAGGCAGTGAAGGCCGCAAGACAGGCTTTTCAGATTGGATCTCCGTGGCGTACTATG
GATGCTTCCGAGAGGGGGCGACTATTATACAAGTTGGCTGATTTAATCGAAAGAGATCGT
CTGCTGCTGGCGACAATGGAGTCAATGAATGGTGGAAAACTCTATTCCAATGCATATCTG
AGTGATTTAGCAGGCTGCATCAAAACATTGCGCTACTGTGCAGGTTGGGCTGACAAGATC
CAGGGCCGTACAATACCAATTGATGGAAATTTTTTTACATATACAAGACATGAACCTATT
GGTGTATGTGGCCAAATCATTCCTTGGAATTTCCCGTTGGTTATGCTCATTTGGAAGATA
GGGCCTGCACTGAGCTGTGGAAACACAGTGGTTGTCAAACCAGCAGAGCAAACTCCTCTC
ACTGCTCTCCACGTGGCATCTTTAATAAAAGAGGCAGGGTTTCCTCCTGGAGTAGTGAAT
ATTGTTCCTGGTTATGGGCCTACAGCAGGGGCAGCCATTTCTTCTCACATGGATATAGAC
AAAGTAGCCTTCACAGGATCAACAGAGGTTGGCAAGTTGATCAAAGAAGCTGCCGGGAAA
AGCAATCTGAAGAGGGTGACCCTGGAGCTTGGAGGAAAGAGCCCTTGCATTGTGTTAGCT
GATGCCGACTTGGACAATGCTGTTGAATTTGCACACCATGGGGTATTCTACCACCAGGGC
CAGTGTTGTATAGCCGCATCCAGGATTTTTGTGGAAGAATCAATTTATGATGAGTTTGTT
CGAAGGAGTGTTGAGCGGGCTAAGAAGTATATCCTTGGAAATCCTCTGACCCCAGGAGTC
ACTCAAGGCCCTCAGATTGACAAGGAACAATATGATAAAATACTTGACCTCATTGAGAGT
GGGAAGAAAGAAGGGGCCAAACTGGAATGTGGAGGAGGCCCGTGGGGGAATAAAGGCTAC
TTTGTCCAGCCCACAGTGTTCTCTAATGTTACAGATGAGATGCGCATTGCCAAAGAGGAG
ATTTTTGGACCAGTGCAGCAAATCATGAAGTTTAAATCTTTAGATGACGTGATCAAAAGA
GCAAACAATACTTTCTATGGCTTATCAGCAGGAGTGTTTACCAAAGACATTGATAAAGCC
ATAACAATCTCCTCTGCTCTGCAGGCAGGAACAGTGTGGGTGAATTGCTATGGCGTGGTA
AGTGCCCAGTGCCCCTTTGGCGGATTCAAGATGTCTGGAAATGGAAGAGAACTGGGAGAG
TACGGTTTCCATGAATATACAGAGGTCAAAACAGTCACAGTGAAAATCTCTCAGAAGAAC
TCATAA
Enzyme 76 GenBank Gene ID AF003341 Link Image
Enzyme 76 GeneCard ID ALDH1A1 Link Image
Enzyme 76 GenAtlas ID ALDH1A1 Link Image
Enzyme 76 HGNC ID HGNC:402 Link Image
Enzyme 76 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 76 Locus 9q21.13
Enzyme 76 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 76 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Yoshida A: Genomic structure of the human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Genomics. 1989 Nov;5(4):857-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Zheng CF, Wang TT, Weiner H: Cloning and expression of the full-length cDNAS encoding human liver class 1 and class 2 aldehyde dehydrogenase. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993 Aug;17(4):828-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Yoshida A, Hsu LC, Yanagawa Y: Biological role of human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase 1: hormonal response, retinal oxidation and implication in testicular feminization. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;328:37-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hempel J, von Bahr-Lindstrom H, Jornvall H: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver. Primary structure of the cytoplasmic isoenzyme. Eur J Biochem. 1984 May 15;141(1):21-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Yoshida A, Ikawa M, Hsu LC, Tani K: Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases. Alcohol. 1985 Jan-Feb;2(1):103-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Hsu LC, Tani K, Fujiyoshi T, Kurachi K, Yoshida A: Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(11):3771-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Abriola DP, Fields R, Stein S, MacKerell AD Jr, Pietruszko R: Active site of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase. Biochemistry. 1987 Sep 8;26(18):5679-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Agarwal DP, Cohn P, Goedde HW, Hempel J: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes: structural relationship to the liver cytosolic isozyme. Enzyme. 1989;42(1):47-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 76 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 77 [top]
Enzyme 77 ID 5433
Enzyme 77 Name Choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 77 Synonyms
  1. CDH
  2. CHD
Enzyme 77 Gene Name CHDH
Enzyme 77 Protein Sequence >Choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MWCLLRGLGRPGALARGALGQQQSLGARALASAGSESRDEYSYVVVGAGSAGCVLAGRLT
EDPAERVLLLEAGPKDVLAGSKRLSWKIHMPAALVANLCDDRYNWCYHTEVQRGLDGRVL
YWPRGRVWGGSSSLNAMVYVRGHAEDYERWQRQGARGWDYAHCLPYFRKAQGHELGASRY
RGADGPLRVSRGKTNHPLHCAFLEATQQAGYPLTEDMNGFQQEGFGWMDMTIHEGKRWSA
ACAYLHPALSRTNLKAEAETLVSRVLFEGTRAVGVEYVKNGQSHRAYASKEVILSGGAIN
SPQLLMLSGIGNADDLKKLGIPVVCHLPGVGQNLQDHLEIYIQQACTRPITLHSAQKPLR
KVCIGLEWLWKFTGEGATAHLETGGFIRSQPGVPHPDIQFHFLPSQVIDHGRVPTQQEAY
QVHVGPMRGTSVGWLKLRSANPQDHPVIQPNYLSTETDIEDFRLCVKLTREIFAQEALAP
FRGKELQPGSHIQSDKEIDAFVRAKADSAYHPSCTCKMGQPSDPTAVVDPQTRVLGVENL
RVVDASIMPSMVSGNLNAPTIMIAEKAADIIKGQPALWDKDVPVYKPRTLATQR
Enzyme 77 Number of Residues 594
Enzyme 77 Molecular Weight 65358.0
Enzyme 77 Theoretical pI 8.36
Enzyme 77 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • alcohol metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 77 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors
Enzyme 77 Specific Function Choline + acceptor = betaine aldehyde + reduced acceptor
Enzyme 77 Pathways
  • Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 Link Image)
Enzyme 77 Reactions
  • choline + acceptor = betaine aldehyde + reduced acceptor [RN:R01025]
Enzyme 77 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 77 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 77 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 77 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 77 GenBank ID Protein 21759795 Link Image
Enzyme 77 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8NE62 Link Image
Enzyme 77 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CHDH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 77 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 77 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 77 Gene Sequence >1785 bp
ATGTGGTGTCTCCTACGAGGCCTGGGCCGGCCTGGAGCCCTGGCACGGGGAGCCCTGGGG
CAGCAGCAATCCCTGGGTGCCCGGGCCCTGGCCAGCGCAGGCTCTGAGAGCCGGGACGAG
TACAGCTATGTGGTGGTGGGCGCGGGCTCGGCGGGCTGCGTGCTGGCTGGGAGGCTCACG
GAGGACCCCGCCGAGCGCGTGCTGCTGCTGGAGGCCGGGCCCAAGGACGTGCGCGCGGGG
AGCAAGCGGCTCTCGTGGAAGATCCACATGCCCGCGGCCCTGGTGGCCAACCTGTGCGAC
GACAGGTACAACTGGTGCTACCACACAGAGGTGCAGCGGGGCCTGGACGGCCGCGTGCTG
TACTGGCCACGCGGCCGCGTCTGGGGTGGCTCCTCATCCCTCAATGCCATGGTCTACGTC
CGTGGGCACGCCGAGGACTACGAGCGCTGGCAGCGCCAGGGCGCCCGCGGCTGGGACTAC
GCGCACTGCCTGCCCTACTTCCGCAAGGCGCAGGGCCACGAGCTGGGCGCCAGCCGGTAC
CGGGGCGCCGATGGCCCGCTGCGGGTGTCCCGGGGCAAGACCAACCACCCGCTGCACTGC
GCATTCCTGGAGGCCACGCAGCAGGCCGGCTACCCGCTCACCGAGGACATGAATGGCTTC
CAGCAGGAGGGCTTCGGCTGGATGGACATGACCATCCATGAAGGCAAACGGTGGAGCGCA
GCCTGTGCCTACCTGCACCCAGCACTGAGCCGCACCAACCTCAAGGCCGAGGCCGAGACG
CTTGTGAGCAGGGTGCTATTTGAGGGCACCCGTGCAGTGGGCGTGGAGTATGTCAAGAAT
GGCCAGAGCCACAGGGCTTATGCCAGCAAGGAGGTGATTCTGAGTGGAGGTGCCATCAAC
TCTCCACAGCTGCTCATGCTCTCTGGCATCGGGAATGCTGATGACCTCAAGAAACTGGGC
ATCCCTGTGGTGTGCCACCTACCTGGGGTTGGCCAGAACCTGCAAGACCACCTGGAGATC
TACATTCAGCAGGCATGCACCCGCCCTATCACCCTCCATTCAGCACAGAAGCCCCTGCGG
AAGGTCTGCATTGGTCTGGAGTGGCTCTGGAAATTCACAGGGGAGGGAGCCACTGCCCAT
CTGGAAACAGGTGGGTTCATCCGCAGCCAGCCTGGGGTCCCCCACCCGGACATCCAGTTC
CATTTCCTGCCATCCCAAGTGATTGACCACGGGCGGGTCCCCACCCAGCAGGAGGCTTAC
CAGGTACATGTGGGGCCCATGCGGGGCACGAGTGTGGGCTGGCTCAAACTGAGAAGTGCC
AATCCCCAAGACCACCCTGTGATCCAGCCCAACTACTTGTCAACAGAAACTGATATTGAG
GATTTCCGTCTGTGTGTGAAGCTCACCAGAGAAATTTTTGCACAGGAAGCCCTGGCTCCG
TTCCGAGGGAAAGAGCTCCAGCCAGGAAGCCACATTCAGTCAGATAAAGAGATAGATGCC
TTTGTGCGGGCAAAAGCCGACAGCGCCTACCACCCCTCGTGCACCTGTAAGATGGGCCAG
CCCTCCGATCCCACTGCCGTGGTGGATCCGCAGACAAGGGTCCTCGGGGTGGAAAACCTC
AGGGTCGTCGATGCCTCCATCATGCCTAGCATGGTCAGCGGCAACCTGAACGCCCCCACA
ATCATGATCGCAGAGAAGGCAGCTGACATTATCAAGGGGCAGCCTGCACTCTGGGACAAA
GATGTCCCTGTCTACAAGCCCAGGACGCTGGCCACCCAGCGCTAA
Enzyme 77 GenBank Gene ID BC034502 Link Image
Enzyme 77 GeneCard ID CHDH Link Image
Enzyme 77 GenAtlas ID CHDH Link Image
Enzyme 77 HGNC ID HGNC:24288 Link Image
Enzyme 77 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 77 Locus 3p21.1
Enzyme 77 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 77 General References
  1. Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Kaul R, Wang J, Yu J, Sudbrak R, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Wei S, Wheeler DA, Wright MW, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clendenning J, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Chen R, Chen Z, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Dong W, Draper H, Ernst S, Fu G, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Garcia DK, Gillett W, Gu J, Hao B, Haugen E, Havlak P, He X, Hennig S, Hu S, Huang W, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Kube M, Levy R, Li Z, Liu B, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Palmeiri A, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Phelps KA, Plopper FJ, Qiang B, Raymond C, Rodriguez R, Saenphimmachak C, Santibanez J, Shen H, Shen Y, Subramanian S, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang J, Wang J, Wang Q, Williams GA, Wong GK, Yao Z, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhao G, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Nelson D, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Naylor SL, Yang H, Olson M, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3. Nature. 2006 Apr 27;440(7088):1194-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 77 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 78 [top]
Enzyme 78 ID 5434
Enzyme 78 Name Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 78 Synonyms
  1. GCD
Enzyme 78 Gene Name GCDH
Enzyme 78 Protein Sequence >Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MALRGVSVRLLSRGPGLHVLRTWVSSAAQTEKGGRTQSQLAKSSRPEFDWQDPLVLEEQL
TTDEILIRDTFRTYCQERLMPRILLANRNEVFHREIISEMGELGVLGPTIKGYGCAGVSS
VAYGLLARELERVDSGYRSAMSVQSSLVMHPIYAYGSEEQRQKYLPQLAKGELLGCFGLT
EPNSGSDPSSMETRAHYNSSNKSYTLNGTKTWITNSPMADLFVVWARCEDGCIRGFLLEK
GMRGLSAPRIQGKFSLRASATGMIIMDGVEVPEENVLPGASSLGGPFGCLNNARYGIAWG
VLGASEFCLHTARQYALDRMQFGVPLARNQLIQKKLADMLTEITLGLHACLQLGRLKDQD
KAAPEMVSLLKRNNCGKALDIARQARDMLGGNGISDEYHVIRHAMNLEAVNTYEGTHDIH
ALILGRAITGIQAFTASK
Enzyme 78 Number of Residues 438
Enzyme 78 Molecular Weight 48126.7
Enzyme 78 Theoretical pI 8.15
Enzyme 78 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 78 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 78 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of glutaryl-CoA to crotonyl-CoA and CO(2) in the degradative pathway of L-lysine, L-hydroxylysine, and L-tryptophan metabolism. It uses electron transfer flavoprotein as its electron acceptor. Isoform Short is inactive
Enzyme 78 Pathways
Enzyme 78 Reactions
  • glutaryl-CoA + acceptor = crotonoyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced acceptor [RN:R02488]
Enzyme 78 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 78 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 78 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 78 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 78 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 78 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q92947 Link Image
Enzyme 78 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GCDH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 78 PDB ID 1SIR Link Image
Enzyme 78 PDB File Show
Enzyme 78 3D Structure
Enzyme 78 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 78 Gene Sequence >1317 bp
ATGGCCCTGAGAGGCGTCTCCGTGCGGCTGCTGAGCCGCGGACCCGGCCTGCACGTCCTT
CGCACGTGGGTCTCGTCGGCGGCGCAGACCGAGAAAGGCGGGAGAACACAGAGCCAACTG
GCTAAGTCCTCGCGTCCCGAGTTTGACTGGCAGGACCCGCTGGTGCTGGAGGAGCAGCTG
ACCACAGATGAGATCCTCATCAGGGACACCTTCCGCACCTACTGCCAGGAGAGACTCATG
CCTCGCATCCTGTTGGCCAATCGCAACGAAGTTTTTCATCGGGAGATCATTTCGGAGATG
GGGGAGTTGGGTGTGCTGGGCCCCACCATCAAAGGATATGGCTGTGCTGGGGTTTCGTCT
GTGGCCTATGGGCTCCTGGCCCGAGAGCTGGAGCGGGTGGACAGTGGCTACAGGTCGGCG
ATGAGTGTCCAGTCCTCCCTCGTCATGCACCCTATCTATGCCTATGGCAGCGAGGAACAG
CGGCAGAAGTACCTGCCCCAGCTGGCCAAGGGGGAGCTCCTGGGCTGCTTCGGGCTCACA
GAGCCCAACAGCGGAAGTGACCCCAGCAGCATGGAGACCAGAGCCCACTACAACTCATCC
AACAAGAGCTACACCCTCAATGGGACCAAGACCTGGATCACGAACTCGCCTATGGCCGAT
CTGTTTGTAGTGTGGGCTCGGTGTGAAGATGGCTGCATTCGGGGCTTCCTGCTGGAGAAG
GGGATGCGGGGTCTCTCGGCCCCCAGGATCCAGGGCAAGTTCTCGCTGCGGGCCTCAGCC
ACAGGCATGATCATCATGGACGGTGTGGAGGTGCCAGAGGAGAATGTGCTCCCTGGTGCA
TCCAGCCTGGGGGGTCCCTTCGGCTGCCTGAACAACGCCCGGTACGGCATCGCGTGGGGC
GTGCTTGGAGCTTCGGAGTTCTGCTTGCACACAGCCCGGCAGTACGCCCTCGACAGGATG
CAGTTTGGTGTCCCACTGGCCAGGAACCAGCTGATTCAGAAGAAGCTGGCAGACATGCTC
ACTGAGATTACCCTGGGCCTTCACGCCTGCCTGCAGCTCGGCCGCTTGAAGGACCAGGAC
AAGGCTGCCCCCGAGATGGTTTCTCTGCTGAAGAGGAATAACTGTGGGAAAGCCCTGGAC
ATCGCCCGCCAGGCCCGAGACATGCTGGGGGGGAATGGGATTTCTGACGAGTATCACGTG
ATCCGGCACGCCATGAACCTGGAGGCCGTGAACACCTACGAAGGTACACATGACATTCAC
GCCCTGATCCTTGGGAGAGCTATCACGGGAATCCAGGCGTTCACGGCCAGCAAGTGA
Enzyme 78 GenBank Gene ID U69141 Link Image
Enzyme 78 GeneCard ID GCDH Link Image
Enzyme 78 GenAtlas ID GCDH Link Image
Enzyme 78 HGNC ID HGNC:4189 Link Image
Enzyme 78 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 78 Locus 19p13.2
Enzyme 78 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 78 General References
  1. Goodman SI, Kratz LE, Frerman FE: Pork and human cDNAs encoding glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1992;375:169-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Goodman SI, Kratz LE, DiGiulio KA, Biery BJ, Goodman KE, Isaya G, Frerman FE: Cloning of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase cDNA, and expression of wild type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli. Hum Mol Genet. 1995 Sep;4(9):1493-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Schwartz M, Christensen E, Superti-Furga A, Brandt NJ: The human glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene: report of intronic sequences and of 13 novel mutations causing glutaric aciduria type I. Hum Genet. 1998 Apr;102(4):452-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A, Terry A, Schmutz J, Lamerdin J, Hellsten U, Goodstein D, Couronne O, Tran-Gyamfi M, Aerts A, Altherr M, Ashworth L, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caenepeel S, Carrano A, Caoile C, Chan YM, Christensen M, Cleland CA, Copeland A, Dalin E, Dehal P, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Garcia C, Georgescu AM, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Ho I, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Larionov V, Leem SH, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McCready P, Medina C, Morgan J, Nelson K, Nolan M, Ovcharenko I, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Popkie AP, Predki P, Quan G, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, She X, Smith D, Slezak T, Solovyev V, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wagner M, Wheeler J, Wu K, Xie G, Yang J, Dubchak I, Furey TS, DeJong P, Dickson M, Gordon D, Eichler EE, Pennacchio LA, Richardson P, Stubbs L, Rokhsar DS, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Lucas SM: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):529-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Goodman SI, Stein DE, Schlesinger S, Christensen E, Schwartz M, Greenberg CR, Elpeleg ON: Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase mutations in glutaric acidemia (type I): review and report of thirty novel mutations. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(3):141-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Fu Z, Wang M, Paschke R, Rao KS, Frerman FE, Kim JJ: Crystal structures of human glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase with and without an alternate substrate: structural bases of dehydrogenation and decarboxylation reactions. Biochemistry. 2004 Aug 3;43(30):9674-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Rao KS, Fu Z, Albro M, Narayanan B, Baddam S, Lee HJ, Kim JJ, Frerman FE: The effect of a Glu370Asp mutation in glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase on proton transfer to the dienolate intermediate. Biochemistry. 2007 Dec 18;46(50):14468-77. Epub 2007 Nov 17. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Biery BJ, Stein DE, Morton DH, Goodman SI: Gene structure and mutations of glutaryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase: impaired association of enzyme subunits that is due to an A421V substitution causes glutaric acidemia type I in the Amish. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Nov;59(5):1006-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Anikster Y, Shaag A, Joseph A, Mandel H, Ben-Zeev B, Christensen E, Elpeleg ON: Glutaric aciduria type I in the Arab and Jewish communities in Israel. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Nov;59(5):1012-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Muhlhausen C, Christensen E, Schwartz M, Muschol N, Ullrich K, Lukacs Z: Severe phenotype despite high residual glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity: a novel mutation in a Turkish patient with glutaric aciduria type I. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2003;26(7):713-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Keyser B, Muhlhausen C, Dickmanns A, Christensen E, Muschol N, Ullrich K, Braulke T: Disease-causing missense mutations affect enzymatic activity, stability and oligomerization of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH). Hum Mol Genet. 2008 Dec 15;17(24):3854-63. Epub 2008 Sep 5. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 78 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 79 [top]
Enzyme 79 ID 5435
Enzyme 79 Name Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 79 Synonyms
  1. ME2GLYDH
Enzyme 79 Gene Name DMGDH
Enzyme 79 Protein Sequence >Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MLRPGAQLLRGLLLRSCPLQGSPGRPRSVCGREGEEKPPLSAETQWKDRAETVIIGGGCV
GVSLAYHLAKAGMKDVVLLEKSELTAGSTWHAAGLTTYFHPGINLKKIHYDSIKLYEKLE
EETGQVVGFHQPGSIRLATTPVRVDEFKYQMTRTGWHATEQYLIEPEKIQEMFPLLNMNK
VLAGLYNPGDGHIDPYSLTMALAAGARKCGALLKYPAPVTSLKARSDGTWDVETPQGSMR
ANRIVNAAGFWAREVGKMIGLEHPLIPVQHQYVVTSTISEVKALKRELPVLRDLEGSYYL
RQERDGLLFGPYESQEKMKVQDSWVTNGVPPGFGKELFESDLDRIMEHIKAAMEMVPVLK
KADIINVVNGPITYSPDILPMVGPHQGVRNYWVAIGFGYGIIHAGGVGKYLSDWILHGEP
PFDLIELDPNRYGKWTTTQYTEAKARESYGFNNIVGYPKEERFAGRPTQRVSGLYQRLES
KCSMGFHAGWEQPHWFYKPGQDTQYRPSFRRTNWFEPVGSEYKQVMQRVAVTDLSPFGKF
NIKGQDSIRLLDHLFANVIPKVGFTNISHMLTPKGRVYAELTVSHQSPGEFLLITGSGSE
LHDLRWIEEEAVKGGYDVEIKNITDELGVLGVAGPQARKVLQKLTSEDLSDDVFKFLQTK
SLKVSNIPVTAIRISYTGELGWELYHRREDSVALYDAIMNAGQEEGIDNFGTYAMNALRL
EKAFRAWGLEMNCDTNPLEAGLEYFVKLNKPADFIGKQALKQIKAKGLKRRLVCLTLATD
DVDPEGNESIWYNGKVVGNTTSGSYSYSIQKSLAFAYVPVQLSEVGQQVEVELLGKNYPA
VIIQEPLVLTEPTRNRLQKKGGKDKT
Enzyme 79 Number of Residues 866
Enzyme 79 Molecular Weight 96810.1
Enzyme 79 Theoretical pI 7.69
Enzyme 79 GO Classification
Function
  • aminomethyltransferase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • methyltransferase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups
Process
  • cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
  • cellular amino acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • glycine catabolic process
  • glycine metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • serine family amino acid metabolic process
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 79 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 79 Specific Function N,N-dimethylglycine + acceptor + H(2)O = sarcosine + formaldehyde + reduced acceptor
Enzyme 79 Pathways
  • Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 Link Image)
Enzyme 79 Reactions
  • N,N-dimethylglycine + acceptor + H2O = sarcosine + formaldehyde + reduced acceptor [RN:R01565]
Enzyme 79 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 79 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 79 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 79 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 79 GenBank ID Protein 24797151 Link Image
Enzyme 79 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UI17 Link Image
Enzyme 79 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name M2GD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 79 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 79 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 79 Gene Sequence >2601 bp
ATGCTCCGTCCCGGCGCGCAGCTGCTGCGGGGCCTCCTGCTGCGGAGCTGCCCGCTGCAG
GGCTCCCCCGGGCGCCCGCGCTCTGTCTGCGGCCGGGAAGGAGAGGAAAAACCACCCTTA
TCTGCAGAAACACAATGGAAAGACAGAGCAGAAACAGTGATAATTGGAGGTGGCTGTGTT
GGTGTGAGTCTGGCTTATCACCTGGCCAAAGCAGGGATGAAAGATGTGGTCCTGCTGGAG
AAATCAGAGCTCACGGCTGGATCTACCTGGCACGCAGCAGGTTTAACAACTTACTTTCAT
CCTGGAATAAACTTGAAGAAAATACATTATGATAGCATCAAACTTTATGAGAAACTGGAA
GAAGAAACTGGTCAGGTGGTGGGATTCCATCAGCCAGGTAGTATCAGACTTGCTACCACC
CCTGTAAGGGTAGATGAATTTAAATATCAAATGACTCGGACTGGCTGGCATGCAACAGAA
CAGTATCTCATTGAACCTGAAAAAATTCAAGAGATGTTCCCTTTACTCAACATGAATAAG
GTTTTAGCTGGATTGTATAATCCTGGAGATGGTCACATTGATCCTTATTCTCTAACTATG
GCACTGGCTGCTGGGGCTAGGAAATGTGGTGCCCTTTTAAAATATCCTGCACCAGTAACT
TCTCTGAAAGCCAGGTCAGATGGAACATGGGACGTTGAAACACCACAGGGGTCTATGAGA
GCAAATAGAATTGTGAATGCTGCAGGATTTTGGGCTCGTGAAGTAGGTAAAATGATTGGA
CTAGAACATCCTCTCATTCCGGTTCAACATCAATATGTTGTTACATCGACTATATCTGAA
GTGAAAGCTTTGAAACGAGAACTGCCTGTGCTCCGTGACCTGGAAGGATCATATTATCTC
CGACAGGAAAGGGATGGGCTTTTGTTTGGTCCATATGAAAGTCAAGAGAAAATGAAAGTT
CAGGACTCCTGGGTCACCAATGGAGTTCCTCCAGGTTTTGGAAAGGAACTCTTTGAGTCT
GATCTAGATCGAATCATGGAACACATCAAAGCTGCCATGGAAATGGTTCCTGTCTTGAAA
AAGGCTGACATCATCAATGTTGTCAATGGTCCTATCACGTATTCTCCTGACATTCTGCCT
ATGGTGGGGCCCCATCAGGGGGTCAGAAACTACTGGGTGGCTATAGGCTTTGGATATGGC
ATAATCCACGCTGGTGGGGTAGGGAAATATCTCAGTGACTGGATCCTGCATGGAGAACCT
CCTTTTGATCTGATAGAATTGGATCCTAATCGCTATGGCAAATGGACAACAACCCAGTAC
ACTGAGGCCAAAGCAAGAGAATCATATGGATTCAACAATATTGTTGGTTATCCTAAAGAA
GAACGGTTTGCTGGGAGGCCGACTCAACGAGTCAGTGGGCTCTATCAAAGGCTGGAGTCT
AAGTGTTCCATGGGGTTCCATGCTGGCTGGGAGCAGCCGCACTGGTTCTACAAACCAGGC
CAGGACACTCAGTACAGGCCAAGTTTTCGCCGCACAAACTGGTTTGAGCCTGTGGGCTCG
GAGTATAAACAGGTTATGCAAAGAGTAGCGGTAACTGACCTATCACCATTTGGCAAGTTT
AACATCAAAGGCCAAGATTCCATTAGACTACTGGACCATCTCTTTGCAAATGTCATTCCA
AAGGTGGGTTTTACAAATATAAGTCACATGTTAACACCCAAGGGTCGAGTGTATGCTGAG
CTGACTGTTTCTCACCAATCTCCTGGGGAGTTTCTTTTAATTACTGGCTCTGGATCAGAA
CTTCATGATCTTAGATGGATTGAAGAAGAAGCAGTCAAAGGTGGATATGATGTTGAAATT
AAAAACATAACTGATGAGCTTGGAGTTCTTGGAGTTGCTGGGCCACAGGCAAGAAAGGTC
CTTCAGAAACTGACCTCTGAAGATCTTAGTGATGATGTTTTCAAGTTTCTTCAAACCAAG
TCCTTAAAGGTTTCCAACATTCCTGTCACTGCTATTAGGATATCTTATACTGGTGAGCTG
GGTTGGGAGCTGTATCACAGAAGAGAAGATTCTGTGGCGCTGTATGACGCTATCATGAAT
GCAGGCCAGGAGGAGGGAATCGACAATTTTGGAACCTATGCCATGAATGCCTTACGCCTG
GAGAAAGCCTTCAGAGCCTGGGGGTTAGAGATGAACTGTGATACAAATCCTTTGGAAGCT
GGACTGGAATATTTTGTGAAGTTAAATAAGCCAGCAGACTTCATAGGAAAGCAAGCACTG
AAACAGATTAAAGCCAAGGGGCTGAAACGAAGACTGGTCTGCCTCACCTTGGCAACGGAT
GATGTTGATCCAGAGGGAAATGAAAGCATCTGGTACAATGGCAAGGTGGTTGGCAACACG
ACATCTGGAAGCTATAGCTACAGCATCCAGAAGAGTCTGGCTTTCGCATATGTCCCTGTA
CAACTAAGTGAAGTGGGACAGCAAGTGGAAGTTGAACTATTAGGCAAAAATTACCCAGCA
GTCATCATACAAGAACCTTTGGTATTGACCGAACCAACCAGAAACCGGCTTCAGAAAAAA
GGTGGAAAGGACAAAACTTGA
Enzyme 79 GenBank Gene ID NM_013391.2 Link Image
Enzyme 79 GeneCard ID DMGDH Link Image
Enzyme 79 GenAtlas ID DMGDH Link Image
Enzyme 79 HGNC ID HGNC:24475 Link Image
Enzyme 79 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 79 Locus 5q14.1
Enzyme 79 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 79 General References
  1. Binzak BA, Vockley JG, Jenkins RB, Vockley J: Structure and analysis of the human dimethylglycine dehydrogenase gene. Mol Genet Metab. 2000 Mar;69(3):181-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Binzak BA, Wevers RA, Moolenaar SH, Lee YM, Hwu WL, Poggi-Bach J, Engelke UF, Hoard HM, Vockley JG, Vockley J: Cloning of dimethylglycine dehydrogenase and a new human inborn error of metabolism, dimethylglycine dehydrogenase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Apr;68(4):839-47. Epub 2001 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A, Couronne O, Grimwood J, Lowry S, Gordon LA, Scott D, Xie G, Huang W, Hellsten U, Tran-Gyamfi M, She X, Prabhakar S, Aerts A, Altherr M, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chan YM, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Lopez F, Lou Y, Martinez D, Medina C, Morgan J, Nandkeshwar R, Noonan JP, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Priest J, Ramirez L, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wheeler J, Wu K, Yang J, Dickson M, Cheng JF, Eichler EE, Olsen A, Pennacchio LA, Rokhsar DS, Richardson P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5. Nature. 2004 Sep 16;431(7006):268-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Moolenaar SH, Poggi-Bach J, Engelke UF, Corstiaensen JM, Heerschap A, de Jong JG, Binzak BA, Vockley J, Wevers RA: Defect in dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, a new inborn error of metabolism: NMR spectroscopy study. Clin Chem. 1999 Apr;45(4):459-64. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 79 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 80 [top]
Enzyme 80 ID 5436
Enzyme 80 Name NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 80 Synonyms
  1. AR
  2. Adrenodoxin reductase
  3. Ferredoxin--NADP(+) reductase
  4. Ferredoxin reductase
Enzyme 80 Gene Name FDXR
Enzyme 80 Protein Sequence >NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
MASRCWRWWGWSAWPRTRLPPAGSTPSFCHHFSTQEKTPQICVVGSGPAGFYTAQHLLKH
PQAHVDIYEKQPVPFGLVRFGVAPDHPEVKNVINTFTQTAHSGRCAFWGNVEVGRDVTVP
ELREAYHAVVLSYGAEDHRALEIPGEELPGVCSARAFVGWYNGLPENQELEPDLSCDTAV
ILGQGNVALDVARILLTPPEHLERTDITKAALGVLRQSRVKTVWLVGRRGPLQVAFTIKE
LREMIQLPGARPILDPVDFLGLQDKIKEVPRPRKRLTELLLRTATEKPGPAEAARQASAS
RAWGLRFFRSPQQVLPSPDGRRAAGVRLAVTRLEGVDEATRAVPTGDMEDLPCGLVLSSI
GYKSRPVDPSVPFDSKLGVIPNVEGRVMDVPGLYCSGWVKRGPTGVIATTMTDSFLTGQM
LLQDLKAGLLPSGPRPGYAAIQALLSSRGVRPVSFSDWEKLDAEEVARGQGTGKPREKLV
DPQEMLRLLGH
Enzyme 80 Number of Residues 491
Enzyme 80 Molecular Weight 53836.4
Enzyme 80 Theoretical pI 8.56
Enzyme 80 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 80 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 80 Specific Function Serves as the first electron transfer protein in all the mitochondrial P450 systems. Including cholesterol side chain cleavage in all steroidogenic tissues, steroid 11-beta hydroxylation in the adrenal cortex, 25-OH-vitamin D3-24 hydroxylation in the kidney, and sterol C-27 hydroxylation in the liver
Enzyme 80 Pathways
Enzyme 80 Reactions
  • 2 reduced ferredoxin + NADP+ + H+ = 2 oxidized ferredoxin + NADPH [RN:R01195]
Enzyme 80 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 80 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 80 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 80 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 80 GenBank ID Protein 12804205 Link Image
Enzyme 80 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P22570 Link Image
Enzyme 80 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADRO_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 80 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 80 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 80 Gene Sequence >1476 bp
ATGGCTTCGCGCTGCTGGCGCTGGTGGGGCTGGTCGGCGTGGCCTCGGACCCGGCTGCCT
CCCGCCGGGAGCACCCCGAGCTTCTGCCACCATTTCTCCACACAGGAGAAGACCCCCCAG
ATCTGTGTGGTGGGCAGTGGCCCAGCTGGCTTCTACACGGCCCAACACCTGCTAAAGCAC
CCCCAGGCCCACGTGGACATCTACGAGAAACAGCCTGTGCCCTTTGGCCTGGTGCGCTTT
GGTGTGGCGCCTGATCACCCCGAGGTGAAGAATGTCATCAACACATTTACCCAGACGGCC
CATTCTGGCCGCTGTGCCTTCTGGGGCAACGTGGAGGTGGGCAGGGACGTGACGGTGCCG
GAGCTGCGGGAGGCCTACCACGCTGTGGTGCTGAGCTACGGGGCAGAGGACCATCGGGCC
CTGGAAATTCCTGGTGAGGAGCTGCCAGGTGTGTGCTCCGCCCGGGCCTTCGTGGGCTGG
TACAACGGGCTTCCTGAGAACCAGGAGCTGGAGCCAGACCTGAGCTGTGACACAGCCGTG
ATTCTGGGGCAGGGGAACGTGGCTCTGGACGTGGCCCGCATCCTACTGACCCCACCTGAG
CACCTGGAGAGAACGGACATCACGAAGGCAGCCCTGGGTGTACTGAGGCAGAGTCGAGTG
AAGACAGTGTGGCTAGTGGGCCGGCGTGGACCCCTGCAAGTGGCCTTCACCATTAAGGAG
CTTCGGGAGATGATTCAGTTACCGGGAGCCCGGCCCATTTTGGATCCTGTGGATTTCTTG
GGTCTCCAGGACAAGATCAAGGAGGTCCCCCGCCCGAGGAAGCGGCTGACGGAACTGCTG
CTTCGAACGGCCACAGAGAAGCCAGGGCCGGCGGAAGCTGCCCGCCAGGCATCGGCCTCC
CGTGCCTGGGGCCTCCGCTTTTTCCGAAGCCCCCAGCAGGTGCTGCCCTCACCAGATGGG
CGGCGGGCAGCAGGTGTCCGCCTAGCAGTCACTAGACTGGAGGGTGTCGATGAGGCCACC
CGTGCAGTGCCCACGGGAGACATGGAAGACCTCCCTTGTGGGCTGGTGCTCAGCAGCATT
GGGTATAAGAGCCGCCCTGTCGACCCAAGCGTGCCCTTTGACTCCAAGCTTGGGGTCATC
CCCAATGTGGAGGGCCGGGTTATGGATGTGCCAGGCCTCTACTGCAGCGGCTGGGTGAAG
AGAGGACCTACAGGTGTCATAGCCACAACCATGACTGACAGCTTCCTCACCGGCCAGATG
CTGCTGCAGGACCTGAAGGCTGGGTTGCTCCCCTCTGGCCCCAGGCCTGGCTACGCAGCC
ATCCAGGCCCTGCTCAGCAGCCGAGGGGTCCGGCCAGTCTCTTTCTCAGACTGGGAGAAG
CTGGATGCCGAGGAGGTGGCCCGGGGCCAGGGCACGGGGAAGCCCAGGGAGAAGCTGGTG
GATCCTCAGGAGATGCTGCGCCTCCTGGGCCACTGA
Enzyme 80 GenBank Gene ID BC002960 Link Image
Enzyme 80 GeneCard ID FDXR Link Image
Enzyme 80 GenAtlas ID FDXR Link Image
Enzyme 80 HGNC ID HGNC:3642 Link Image
Enzyme 80 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 80 Locus 17q24-q25
Enzyme 80 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 80 General References
  1. Solish SB, Picado-Leonard J, Morel Y, Kuhn RW, Mohandas TK, Hanukoglu I, Miller WL: Human adrenodoxin reductase: two mRNAs encoded by a single gene on chromosome 17cen----q25 are expressed in steroidogenic tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(19):7104-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Lin D, Shi YF, Miller WL: Cloning and sequence of the human adrenodoxin reductase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8516-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 80 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 81 [top]
Enzyme 81 ID 5437
Enzyme 81 Name Retinal dehydrogenase 2
Enzyme 81 Synonyms
  1. RALDH 2
  2. RalDH2
  3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A2
  4. Retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase type 2
  5. RALDH(II)
Enzyme 81 Gene Name ALDH1A2
Enzyme 81 Protein Sequence >Retinal dehydrogenase 2
MTSSKIEMPGEVKADPAALMASLHLLPSPTPNLEIKYTKIFINNEWQNSESGRVFPVYNP
ATGEQVCEVQEADKADIDKAVQAARLAFSLGSVWRRMDASERGRLLDKLADLVERDRAVL
ATMESLNGGKPFLQAFYVDLQGVIKTFRYYAGWADKIHGMTIPVDGDYFTFTRHEPIGVC
GQIIPWNFPLLMFAWKIAPALCCGNTVVIKPAEQTPLSALYMGALIKEAGFPPGVINILP
GYGPTAGAAIASHIGIDKIAFTGSTEVGKLIQEAAGRSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIFADAD
LDYAVEQAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAGSRIFVEESIYEEFVRRSVERAKRRVVGSPFDPTTEQG
PQIDKKQYNKILELIQSGVAEGAKLECGGKGLGRKGFFIEPTVFSNVTDDMRIAKEEIFG
PVQEILRFKTMDEVIERANNSDFGLVAAVFTNDINKALTVSSAMQAGTVWINCYNALNAQ
SPFGGFKMSGNGREMGEFGLREYSEVKTVTVKIPQKNS
Enzyme 81 Number of Residues 518
Enzyme 81 Molecular Weight 56723.5
Enzyme 81 Theoretical pI 5.84
Enzyme 81 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 81 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 81 Specific Function Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Does metabolize octanal and decanal but does not metabolize citral, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal efficiently
Enzyme 81 Pathways
Enzyme 81 Reactions
  • retinal + NAD+ + H2O = retinoate + NADH + 2 H+ [RN:R02123]
Enzyme 81 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 81 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 81 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 81 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 81 GenBank ID Protein 3970842 Link Image
Enzyme 81 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O94788 Link Image
Enzyme 81 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1A2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 81 PDB ID 1BI9 Link Image
Enzyme 81 PDB File Show
Enzyme 81 3D Structure
Enzyme 81 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 81 Gene Sequence >1557 bp
ATGACTTCCAGCAAGATAGAGATGCCCGGCGAGGTGAAGGCCGACCCCGCCGCCCTCATG
GCGTCGCTGCACCTCCTGCCGTCGCCCACGCCCAATCTCGAAATTAAGTACACCAAGATC
TTTATAAACAACGAGTGGCAGAACTCAGAGAGTGGGAGAGTGTTCCCTGTCTATAATCCA
GCCACAGGAGAACAGGTGTGTGAAGTTCAAGAAGCAGACAAGGCAGATATAGACAAAGCA
GTGCAGGCAGCCCGCCTGGCTTTCTCTCTTGGTTCAGTGTGGAGAAGGATGGATGCTTCA
GAAAGGGGACGTCTGTTGGATAAGCTTGCAGACTTGGTGGAACGGGACAGGGCAGTTCTT
GCAACCATGGAATCCCTAAATGGTGGCAAACCATTCCTGCAAGCTTTTTATGTGGATTTG
CAGGGCGTCATCAAAACCTTTCGATATTACGCAGGCTGGGCTGATAAAATTCATGGGATG
ACCATTCCTGTAGATGGAGACTATTTTACCTTTACAAGACATGAACCCATTGGAGTGTGT
GGACAGATCATCCCATGGAACTTCCCCCTGCTGATGTTTGCCTGGAAAATAGCTCCAGCT
TTGTGCTGTGGCAATACAGTAGTTATTAAGCCAGCAGAGCAAACACCACTCAGTGCACTC
TACATGGGAGCCCTCATCAAGGAGGCTGGCTTTCCTCCCGGGGTCATCAATATTTTGCCA
GGATATGGGCCAACGGCTGGGGCAGCAATAGCTTCTCACATTGGCATAGACAAGATTGCA
TTCACAGGGTCTACTGAGGTTGGAAAGCTTATCCAAGAAGCAGCTGGAAGAAGTAATTTG
AAGAGAGTAACTCTGGAACTTGGAGGCAAAAGTCCTAATATTATTTTTGCTGATGCTGAC
TTGGACTATGCTGTGGAGCAGGCCCACCAGGGTGTGTTCTTCAATCAAGGTCAGTGCTGC
ACTGCAGGCTCTCGCATCTTCGTGGAGGAGTCCATCTATGAGGAGTTTGTGAGAAGAAGC
GTGGAGCGGGCCAAGAGGCGCATAGTGGGGAGTCCCTTTGACCCCACCACTGAGCAGGGT
CCCCAGATTGATAAGAAACAGTACAACAAGATCTTGGAACTCATCCAGAGTGGTGTGGCT
GAGGGCGCCAAGCTGGAATGTGGAGGCAAAGGACTGGGCCGAAAGGGGTTTTTCATTGAG
CCCACAGTGTTTTCCAACGTCACTGATGATATGCGGATTGCCAAGGAGGAGATCTTTGGC
CCTGTTCAGGAAATTTTGAGATTTAAGACGATGGATGAAGTTATCGAAAGAGCCAATAAC
TCAGACTTTGGACTCGTAGCAGCTGTCTTTACTAATGACATCAACAAGGCCCTCACAGTG
TCTTCTGCAATGCAAGCTGGGACTGTTTGGATCAATTGTTACAATGCCTTAAATGCCCAG
AGCCCCTTTGGGGGATTCAAGATGTCTGGAAATGGGAGAGAAATGGGAGAATTTGGCTTG
CGGGAGTACTCAGAAGTTAAGACGGTGACAGTAAAGATCCCCCAGAAGAACTCCTAA
Enzyme 81 GenBank Gene ID AB015226 Link Image
Enzyme 81 GeneCard ID ALDH1A2 Link Image
Enzyme 81 GenAtlas ID ALDH1A2 Link Image
Enzyme 81 HGNC ID HGNC:15472 Link Image
Enzyme 81 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 81 Locus 15q21.3
Enzyme 81 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 81 General References
  1. Ono Y, Fukuhara N, Yoshie O: TAL1 and LIM-only proteins synergistically induce retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 expression in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by acting as cofactors for GATA3. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Dec;18(12):6939-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 81 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 82 [top]
Enzyme 82 ID 5438
Enzyme 82 Name D-amino-acid oxidase
Enzyme 82 Synonyms
  1. DAAO
  2. DAMOX
  3. DAO
Enzyme 82 Gene Name DAO
Enzyme 82 Protein Sequence >D-amino-acid oxidase
MRVVVIGAGVIGLSTALCIHERYHSVLQPLDIKVYADRFTPLTTTDVAAGLWQPYLSDPN
NPQEADWSQQTFDYLLSHVHSPNAENLGLFLISGYNLFHEAIPDPSWKDTVLGFRKLTPR
ELDMFPDYGYGWFHTSLILEGKNYLQWLTERLTERGVKFFQRKVESFEEVAREGADVIVN
CTGVWAGALQRDPLLQPGRGQIMKVDAPWMKHFILTHDPERGIYNSPYIIPGTQTVTLGG
IFQLGNWSELNNIQDHNTIWEGCCRLEPTLKNARIIGERTGFRPVRPQIRLEREQLRTGP
SNTEVIHNYGHGGYGLTIHWGCALEAAKLFGRILEEKKLSRMPPSHL
Enzyme 82 Number of Residues 347
Enzyme 82 Molecular Weight 39473.7
Enzyme 82 Theoretical pI 6.84
Enzyme 82 GO Classification
Function
  • D-amino-acid oxidase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 82 General Function Involved in D-amino-acid oxidase activity
Enzyme 82 Specific Function Regulates the level of the neuromodulator D-serine in the brain. Has high activity towards D-DOPA and contributes to dopamine synthesis. Could act as a detoxifying agent which removes D-amino acids accumulated during aging. Acts on a variety of D- amino acids with a preference for those having small hydrophobic side chains followed by those bearing polar, aromatic, and basic groups. Does not act on acidic amino acids
Enzyme 82 Pathways
  • Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 Link Image)
  • D-Arginine and D-ornithine Metabolism (map00472 Link Image)
  • Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 Link Image)
Enzyme 82 Reactions
  • a D-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R01340]
Enzyme 82 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 82 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 82 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 82 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 82 GenBank ID Protein 30446 Link Image
Enzyme 82 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P14920 Link Image
Enzyme 82 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name OXDA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 82 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 82 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 82 Gene Sequence >1044 bp
ATGCGTGTGGTGGTGATTGGAGCAGGAGTCATCGGGCTGTCCACCGCCCTCTGCATCCAT
GAGCGCTACCACTCAGTCCTGCAGCCACTGCACATAAAGGTCTACGCGGACCGCTTCACC
CCACTCACCACCACCGACGTGGCTGCCGGCCTCTGGCAGCCCTACCTTTCTGACCCCAAC
AACCCACAGGAGGCGGACTGGAGCCAACAGACCTTTGACTATCTCCTGAGCCATGTCCAT
TCTCCCAACGCTGAAAACCTGGGCCTGTTCCTAATCTCGGGCTACAACCTCTTCCATGAA
GCCATTCCGGACCCTTCCTGGAAGGACACAGTTCTGGGATTTCGGAAGCTGACCCCCAGA
GAGCTGGATATGTTCCCAGATTACGGCTATGGCTGGTTCCACACAAGCCTAATTCTGGAG
GGAAAGAACTATCTACAGTGGCTGACTGAAAGGTTAACTGAGAGGGGAGTGAAGTTCTTC
CAGCGGAAAGTGGAGTCTTTTGAGGAGGTGGCAAGAGAAGGCGCAGACGTGATTGTCAAC
TGCACTGGGGTATGGGCTGGGGCGCTACAACGAGACCCCCTGCTGCAGCCAGGCCGGGGG
CAGATCATGAAGGTGGACGCCCCTTGGATGAAGCACTTCATTCTCACCCATGACCCAGAG
AGAGGCATCTACAATTCCCCGTACATCATCCCAGGGACCCAGACAGTTACTCTTGGAGGC
ATCTTCCAGTTGGGAAACTGGAGTGAACTAAACAATATCCAGGACCACAACACCATTTGG
GAAGGCTGCTGCAGACTGGAGCCCACACTGAAGAATGCAAGAATTATTGGTGAAGCAACT
GGCTTCCGGCCAGTACGCCCCCAGATTCGGCTAGAAAGAGAACAGCTTCGCACTGGACCT
TCAAACACAGAGGTCATCCACAACTATGGCCATGGAGGCTACGGGCTCACCATCCACTGG
GGATGTGCCCTGGAGGCAGCCAAGCTCTTTGGGAGAATCCTGGAAGAAAAGAAATTGTCC
AGAATGCCACCATCCCACCTCTGA
Enzyme 82 GenBank Gene ID X13227 Link Image
Enzyme 82 GeneCard ID DAO Link Image
Enzyme 82 GenAtlas ID DAO Link Image
Enzyme 82 HGNC ID HGNC:2671 Link Image
Enzyme 82 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 82 Locus 12q24
Enzyme 82 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 82 General References
  1. Momoi K, Fukui K, Watanabe F, Miyake Y: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding human kidney D-amino acid oxidase. FEBS Lett. 1988 Sep 26;238(1):180-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Fukui K, Miyake Y: Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of a human gene encoding D-amino-acid oxidase. J Biol Chem. 1992 Sep 15;267(26):18631-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kawazoe T, Tsuge H, Pilone MS, Fukui K: Crystal structure of human D-amino acid oxidase: context-dependent variability of the backbone conformation of the VAAGL hydrophobic stretch located at the si-face of the flavin ring. Protein Sci. 2006 Dec;15(12):2708-17. Epub 2006 Nov 6. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kawazoe T, Tsuge H, Imagawa T, Aki K, Kuramitsu S, Fukui K: Structural basis of D-DOPA oxidation by D-amino acid oxidase: alternative pathway for dopamine biosynthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Apr 6;355(2):385-91. Epub 2007 Feb 8. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Sparey T, Abeywickrema P, Almond S, Brandon N, Byrne N, Campbell A, Hutson PH, Jacobson M, Jones B, Munshi S, Pascarella D, Pike A, Prasad GS, Sachs N, Sakatis M, Sardana V, Venkatraman S, Young MB: The discovery of fused pyrrole carboxylic acids as novel, potent D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Jun 1;18(11):3386-91. Epub 2008 Apr 13. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 82 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 83 [top]
Enzyme 83 ID 5658
Enzyme 83 Name Methionine synthase reductase
Enzyme 83 Synonyms
  1. MSR
Enzyme 83 Gene Name MTRR
Enzyme 83 Protein Sequence >Methionine synthase reductase
MGAASVRAGARLVEVALCSFTVTCLEVMRRFLLLYATQQGQAKAIAEEICEQAVVHGFSA
DLHCISESDKYDLKTETAPLVVVVSTTGTGDPPDTARKFVKEIQNQTLPVDFFAHLRYGL
LGLGDSEYTYFCNGGKIIDKRLQELGARHFYDTGHADDCVGLELVVEPWIAGLWPALRKH
FRSSRGQEEISGALPVASPASSRTDLVKSELLHIESQVELLRFDDSGRKDSEVLKQNAVN
SNQSNVVIEDFESSLTRSVPPLSQASLNIPGLPPEYLQVHLQESLGQEESQVSVTSADPV
FQVPISKAVQLTTNDAIKTTLLVELDISNTDFSYQPGDAFSVICPNSDSEVQSLLQRLQL
EDKREHCVLLKIKADTKKKGATLPQHIPAGCSLQFIFTWCLEIRAIPKKAFLRALVDYTS
DSAEKRRLQELCSKQGAADYSRFVRDACACLLDLLLAFPSCQPPLSLLLEHLPKLQPRPY
SCASSSLFHPGKLHFVFNIVEFLSTATTEVLRKGVCTGWLALLVASVLQPNIHASHEDSG
KALAPKISISPRTTNSFHLPDDPSIPIIMVGPGTGIAPFIGFLQHREKLQEQHPDGNFGA
MWLFFGCRHKDRDYLFRKELRHFLKHGILTHLKVSFSRDAPVGEEEAPAKYVQDNIQLHG
QQVARILLQENGHIYVCGDAKNMAKDVHDALVQIISKEVGVEKLEAMKTLATLKEEKRYL
QDIWS
Enzyme 83 Number of Residues 725
Enzyme 83 Molecular Weight 80409.2
Enzyme 83 Theoretical pI 6.47
Enzyme 83 GO Classification
Function
  • FMN binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 83 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 83 Specific Function Involved in the reductive regeneration of cob(I)alamin cofactor required for the maintenance of methionine synthase in a functional state
Enzyme 83 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 83 Reactions
  • 2 [methionine synthase]-methylcob(I)alamin + 2 S-adenosylhomocysteine + NADP+ = 2 [methionine synthase]-cob(II)alamin + NADPH + H+ + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine [RN:R05182]
Enzyme 83 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 83 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 83 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 83 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 83 GenBank ID Protein 6561339 Link Image
Enzyme 83 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UBK8 Link Image
Enzyme 83 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name MTRR_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 83 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 83 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 83 Gene Sequence >2178 bp
ATGGGCGCTGCGTCAGTGCGCGCTGGCGCAAGGTTGGTGGAAGTCGCGTTGTGCAGTTTC
ACTGTTACATGCCTTGAAGTGATGAGGAGGTTTCTGTTACTATATGCTACACAGCAGGGA
CAGGCAAAGGCCATCGCAGAAGAAATGTGTGAGCAAGCTGTGGTACATGGATTTTCTGCA
GATCTTCACTGTATTAGTGAATCCGATAAGTATGACCTAAAAACCGAAACAGCTCCTCTT
GTTGTTGTGGTTTCTACCACGGGCACCGGAGACCCACCCGACACAGCCCGCAAGTTTGTT
AAGGAAATACAGAACCAAACACTGCCGGTTGATTTCTTTGCTCACCTGCGGTATGGGTTA
CTGGGTCTCGGTGATTCAGAATACACCTACTTTTGCAATGGGGGGAAGATAATTGATAAA
CGACTTCAAGAGCTTGGAGCCCGGCATTTCTATGACACTGGACATGCAGATGACTGTGTA
GGTTTAGAACTTGTGGTTGAGCCGTGGATTGCTGGACTCTGGCCAGCCCTCAGAAAGCAT
TTTAGGTCAAGCAGAGGACAAGAGGAGATAAGTGGCGCACTCCCGGTGGCATCACCTGCA
TCCTTGAGGACAGACCTTGTGAAGTCAGAGCTGCTACACATTGAATCTCAAGTCGAGCTT
CTGAGATTCGATGATTCAGGAAGAAAGGATTCTGAGGTTTTGAAGCAAAATGCAGTGAAC
AGCAACCAATCCAATGTTGTAATTGAAGACTTTGAGTCCTCACTTACCCGTTCGGTACCC
CCACTCTCACAAGCCTCTCTGAATATTCCTGGTTTACCCCCAGAATATTTACAGGTACAT
CTGCAGGAGTCTCTTGGCCAGGAGGAAAGCCAAGTATCTGTGACTTCAGCAGATCCAGTT
TTTCAAGTGCCAATTTCAAAGGCAGTTCAACTTACTACGAATGATGCCATAAAAACCACT
CTGCTGGTAGAATTGGACATTTCAAATACAGACTTTTCCTATCAGCCTGGAGATGCCTTC
AGCGTGATCTGCCCTAACAGTGATTCTGAGGTACAAAGCCTACTCCAAAGACTGCAGCTT
GAAGATAAAAGAGAGCACTGCGTCCTTTTGAAAATAAAGGCAGACACAAAGAAGAAAGGA
GCTACCTTACCCCAGCATATACCTGCGGGATGTTCTCTCCAGTTCATTTTTACCTGGTGT
CTTGAAATCCGAGCAATTCCTAAAAAGGCATTTTTGCGAGCCCTTGTGGACTATACCAGT
GACAGTGCTGAAAAGCGCAGGCTACAGGAGCTGTGCAGTAAACAAGGGGCAGCCGATTAT
AGCCGCTTTGTACGAGATGCCTGTGCCTGCTTGTTGGATCTCCTCCTCGCTTTCCCTTCT
TGCCAGCCACCACTCAGTCTCCTGCTCGAACATCTTCCTAAACTTCAACCCAGACCATAT
TCGTGTGCAAGCTCAAGTTTATTTCACCCAGGAAAGCTCCATTTTGTCTTCAACATTGTG
GAATTTCTGTCTACTGCCACAACAGAGGTTCTGCGGAAGGGAGTATGTACAGGCTGGCTG
GCCTTGTTGGTTGCTTCAGTTCTTCAGCCAAACATACATGCATCCCATGAAGACAGCGGG
AAAGCCCTGGCTCCTAAGATATCCATCTCTCCTCGAACAACAAATTCTTTCCACTTACCA
GATGACCCCTCAATCCCCATCATAATGGTGGGTCCAGGAACCGGCATAGCCCCGTTTATT
GGGTTCCTACAACATAGAGAGAAACTCCAAGAACAACACCCAGATGGAAATTTTGGAGCA
ATGTGGTTGTTTTTTGGCTGCAGGCATAAGGATAGGGATTATCTATTCAGAAAAGAGCTC
AGACATTTCCTTAAGCATGGGATCTTAACTCATCTAAAGGTTTCCTTCTCAAGAGATGCT
CCTGTTGGGGAGGAGGAAGCCCCAGCAAAGTATGTACAAGACAACATCCAGCTTCATGGC
CAGCAGGTGGCGAGAATCCTCCTCCAGGAGAACGGCCATATTTATGTGTGTGGAGATGCA
AAGAATATGGCCAAGGATGTACATGATGCCCTTGTGCAAATAATAAGCAAAGAGGTTGGA
GTTGAAAAACTAGAAGCAATGAAAACCCTGGCCACTTTAAAAGAAGAAAAACGCTACCTT
CAGGATATTTGGTCATAA
Enzyme 83 GenBank Gene ID AF121214 Link Image
Enzyme 83 GeneCard ID MTRR Link Image
Enzyme 83 GenAtlas ID MTRR Link Image
Enzyme 83 HGNC ID HGNC:7473 Link Image
Enzyme 83 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 83 Locus 5p15.31
Enzyme 83 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 83 General References
  1. Leclerc D, Odievre M, Wu Q, Wilson A, Huizenga JJ, Rozen R, Scherer SW, Gravel RA: Molecular cloning, expression and physical mapping of the human methionine synthase reductase gene. Gene. 1999 Nov 15;240(1):75-88. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Leclerc D, Wilson A, Dumas R, Gafuik C, Song D, Watkins D, Heng HH, Rommens JM, Scherer SW, Rosenblatt DS, Gravel RA: Cloning and mapping of a cDNA for methionine synthase reductase, a flavoprotein defective in patients with homocystinuria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Mar 17;95(6):3059-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A, Couronne O, Grimwood J, Lowry S, Gordon LA, Scott D, Xie G, Huang W, Hellsten U, Tran-Gyamfi M, She X, Prabhakar S, Aerts A, Altherr M, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chan YM, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Lopez F, Lou Y, Martinez D, Medina C, Morgan J, Nandkeshwar R, Noonan JP, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Priest J, Ramirez L, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wheeler J, Wu K, Yang J, Dickson M, Cheng JF, Eichler EE, Olsen A, Pennacchio LA, Rokhsar DS, Richardson P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5. Nature. 2004 Sep 16;431(7006):268-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Froese DS, Wu X, Zhang J, Dumas R, Schoel WM, Amrein M, Gravel RA: Restricted role for methionine synthase reductase defined by subcellular localization. Mol Genet Metab. 2008 May;94(1):68-77. Epub 2008 Jan 24. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Wilson A, Leclerc D, Rosenblatt DS, Gravel RA: Molecular basis for methionine synthase reductase deficiency in patients belonging to the cblE complementation group of disorders in folate/cobalamin metabolism. Hum Mol Genet. 1999 Oct;8(11):2009-16. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Wilson A, Platt R, Wu Q, Leclerc D, Christensen B, Yang H, Gravel RA, Rozen R: A common variant in methionine synthase reductase combined with low cobalamin (vitamin B12) increases risk for spina bifida. Mol Genet Metab. 1999 Aug;67(4):317-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Doolin MT, Barbaux S, McDonnell M, Hoess K, Whitehead AS, Mitchell LE: Maternal genetic effects, exerted by genes involved in homocysteine remethylation, influence the risk of spina bifida. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Nov;71(5):1222-6. Epub 2002 Oct 9. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. O'Leary VB, Mills JL, Pangilinan F, Kirke PN, Cox C, Conley M, Weiler A, Peng K, Shane B, Scott JM, Parle-McDermott A, Molloy AM, Brody LC: Analysis of methionine synthase reductase polymorphisms for neural tube defects risk association. Mol Genet Metab. 2005 Jul;85(3):220-7. Epub 2005 Mar 17. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 83 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 84 [top]
Enzyme 84 ID 5743
Enzyme 84 Name tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 2-like
Enzyme 84 Synonyms
  1. hDUS2
  2. Up-regulated in lung cancer protein 8
  3. URLC8
Enzyme 84 Gene Name DUS2L
Enzyme 84 Protein Sequence >tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 2-like
MILNSLSLCYHNKLILAPMVRVGTLPMRLLALDYGADIVYCEELIDLKMIQCKRVVNEVL
STVDFVAPDDRVVFRTCEREQNRVVFQMGTSDAERALAVARLVENDVAGIDVNMGCPKQY
STKGGMGAALLSDPDKIEKILSTLVKGTRRPVTCKIRILPSLEDTLSLVKRIERTGIAAI
AVHGRKREERPQHPVSCEVIKAIADTLSIPVIANGGSHDHIQQYSDIEDFRQATAASSVM
VARAAMWNPSIFLKEGLRPLEEVMQKYIRYAVQYDNHYTNTKYCLCQMLREQLESPQGRL
LHAAQSSREICEAFGLGAFYEETTQELDAQQARLSAKTSEQTGEPAEDTSGVIKMAVKFD
RRAYPAQITPKMCLLEWCRREKLAQPVYETVQRPLDRLFSSIVTVAEQKYQSTLWDKSKK
LAEQAAAIVCLRSQGLPEGRLGEESPSLHKRKREAPDQDPGGPRAQELAQPGDLCKKPFV
ALGSGEESPLEGW
Enzyme 84 Number of Residues 493
Enzyme 84 Molecular Weight 55049.8
Enzyme 84 Theoretical pI 7.12
Enzyme 84 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • RNA binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • double-stranded RNA binding
  • nucleic acid binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • tRNA dihydrouridine synthase activity
Process
  • RNA metabolic process
  • cellular macromolecule metabolic process
  • macromolecule metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • ncRNA metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • tRNA metabolic process
  • tRNA processing
Component
  • cell part
  • intracellular
Enzyme 84 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 84 Specific Function Dihydrouridine synthase. Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs
Enzyme 84 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 84 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 84 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 84 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 84 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 84 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 84 GenBank ID Protein 71006842 Link Image
Enzyme 84 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NX74 Link Image
Enzyme 84 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DUS2L_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 84 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 84 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 84 Gene Sequence >1482 bp
ATGATTTTGAATAGCCTCTCTCTGTGTTACCATAATAAGCTAATCCTGGCCCCAATGGTT
CGGGTAGGGACTCTTCCAATGAGGCTGCTGGCCCTGGATTATGGAGCGGACATTGTTTAC
TGTGAGGAGCTGATCGACCTCAAGATGATTCAGTGCAAGAGAGTTGTTAATGAGGTGCTC
AGCACAGTGGACTTTGTCGCCCCTGATGATCGAGTTGTCTTCCGCACCTGTGAAAGAGAG
CAGAACAGGGTGGTCTTCCAGATGGGGACTTCAGACGCAGAGCGAGCCCTTGCTGTGGCC
AGGCTTGTAGAAAATGATGTGGCTGGTATTGATGTCAACATGGGCTGTCCAAAACAATAT
TCCACCAAGGGAGGAATGGGAGCTGCCCTGCTGTCAGACCCTGACAAGATTGAGAAGATC
CTCAGCACTCTTGTTAAAGGGACACGCAGACCTGTGACCTGCAAGATTCGCATCCTGCCA
TCGCTAGAAGATACCCTGAGCCTTGTGAAGCGGATAGAGAGGACTGGCATTGCTGCCATC
GCAGTTCATGGGAGGAAGCGGGAGGAGCGACCTCAGCATCCTGTCAGCTGTGAAGTCATC
AAAGCCATTGCTGATACCCTCTCCATTCCTGTCATAGCCAACGGAGGATCTCATGACCAC
ATCCAACAGTATTCGGACATAGAGGACTTTCGACAAGCCACGGCAGCCTCTTCCGTGATG
GTGGCCCGAGCAGCCATGTGGAACCCATCTATCTTCCTCAAGGAGGGTCTGCGGCCCCTG
GAGGAGGTCATGCAGAAATACATCAGATACGCGGTGCAGTATGACAACCACTACACCAAC
ACCAAGTACTGCTTGTGCCAGATGCTACGAGAACAGCTGGAGTCGCCCCAGGGAAGGTTG
CTCCATGCTGCCCAGTCTTCCCGGGAAATTTGTGAGGCCTTTGGCCTTGGTGCCTTCTAT
GAGGAGACCACACAGGAGCTGGATGCCCAGCAGGCCAGGCTCTCAGCCAAGACTTCAGAG
CAGACAGGGGAGCCAGCTGAAGATACCTCTGGTGTCATTAAGATGGCTGTCAAGTTTGAC
CGGAGAGCATACCCAGCCCAGATCACCCCTAAGATGTGCCTACTAGAGTGGTGCCGGAGG
GAGAAGTTGGCACAGCCTGTGTATGAAACGGTTCAACGCCCTCTAGATCGCCTGTTCTCC
TCTATTGTCACCGTTGCTGAACAAAAGTATCAGTCTACCTTGTGGGACAAGTCCAAGAAA
CTGGCGGAGCAGGCTGCAGCCATCGTCTGTCTGCGGAGCCAGGGCCTCCCTGAGGGTCGG
CTGGGTGAGGAGAGCCCTTCCTTGCACAAGCGAAAGAGGGAGGCTCCTGACCAAGACCCT
GGGGGCCCCAGAGCTCAGGAGCTAGCACAACCTGGGGATCTGTGCAAGAAGCCCTTTGTG
GCCTTGGGAAGTGGTGAAGAAAGCCCCCTGGAAGGCTGGTGA
Enzyme 84 GenBank Gene ID AB101210 Link Image
Enzyme 84 GeneCard ID DUS2L Link Image
Enzyme 84 GenAtlas ID DUS2L Link Image
Enzyme 84 HGNC ID HGNC:26014 Link Image
Enzyme 84 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 84 Locus 16q22.1
Enzyme 84 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 84 General References
  1. Kato T, Daigo Y, Hayama S, Ishikawa N, Yamabuki T, Ito T, Miyamoto M, Kondo S, Nakamura Y: A novel human tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase involved in pulmonary carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2005 Jul 1;65(13):5638-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 84 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 85 [top]
Enzyme 85 ID 6002
Enzyme 85 Name Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP+]
Enzyme 85 Synonyms
  1. DHPDHase
  2. DPD
  3. Dihydrothymine dehydrogenase
  4. Dihydrouracil dehydrogenase
Enzyme 85 Gene Name DPYD
Enzyme 85 Protein Sequence >Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP+]
MAPVLSKDSADIESILALNPRTQTHATLCSTSAKKLDKKHWKRNPDKNCFNCEKLENNFD
DIKHTTLGERGALREAMRCLKCADAPCQKSCPTNLDIKSFITSIANKNYYGAAKMIFSDN
PLGLTCGMVCPTSDLCVGGCNLYATEEGPINIGGLQQFATEVFKAMSIPQIRNPSLPPPE
KMSEAYSAKIALFGAGPASISCASFLARLGYSDITIFEKQEYVGGLSTSEIPQFRLPYDV
VNFEIELMKDLGVKIICGKSLSVNEMTLSTLKEKGYKAAFIGIGLPEPNKDAIFQGLTQD
QGFYTSKDFLPLVAKGSKAGMCACHSPLPSIRGVVIVLGAGDTAFDCATSALRCGARRVF
IVFRKGFVNIRAVPEEMELAKEEKCEFLPFLSPRKVIVKGGRIVAMQFVRTEQDETGKWN
EDEDQMVHLKADVVISAFGSVLSDPKVKEALSPIKFNRWGLPEVDPETMQTSEAWVFAGG
DVVGLANTTVESVNDGKQASWYIHKYVQSQYGASVSAKPELPLFYTPIDLVDISVEMAGL
KFINPFGLASATPATSTSMIRRAFEAGWGFALTKTFSLDKDIVTNVSPRIIRGTTSGPMY
GPGQSSFLNIELISEKTAAYWCQSVTELKADFPDNIVIASIMCSYNKNDWTELAKKSEDS
GADALELNLSCPHGMGERGMGLACGQDPELVRNICRWVRQAVQIPFFAKLTPNVTDIVSI
ARAAKEGGANGVTATNTVSGLMGLKSDGTPWPAVGIAKRTTYGGVSGTAIRPIALRAVTS
IARALPGFPILATGGIDSAESGLQFLHSGASVLQVCSAIQNQDFTVIEDYCTGLKALLYL
KSIEELQDWDGQSPATVSHQKGKPVPRIAELMDKKLPSFGPYLEQRKKIIAENKIRLKEQ
NVAFSPLKRNCFIPKRPIPTIKDVIGKALQYLGTFGELSNVEQVVAMIDEEMCINCGKCY
MTCNDSGYQAIQFDPETHLPTITDTCTGCTLCLSVCPIVDCIKMVSRTTPYEPKRGVPLS
VNPVC
Enzyme 85 Number of Residues 1025
Enzyme 85 Molecular Weight 111400.3
Enzyme 85 Theoretical pI 7.05
Enzyme 85 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • dihydroorotate dehydrogenase activity
  • dihydroorotate oxidase activity
  • electron carrier activity
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, quinone or related compound as acceptor
Process
  • 'de novo' pyrimidine base biosynthetic process
  • UMP biosynthetic process
  • cellular aromatic compound metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • nucleobase metabolic process
  • nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process
  • nucleoside phosphate metabolic process
  • nucleotide metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • pyrimidine base biosynthetic process
  • pyrimidine base metabolic process
  • pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process
  • pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process
  • pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process
  • pyrimidine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 85 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 85 Specific Function Involved in pyrimidine base degradation. Catalyzes the reduction of uracil and thymine. Also involved the degradation of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil
Enzyme 85 Pathways
Enzyme 85 Reactions
  • 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+ [RN:R00978]
Enzyme 85 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 85 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 85 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 85 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 85 GenBank ID Protein 6729338 Link Image
Enzyme 85 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q12882 Link Image
Enzyme 85 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DPYD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 85 PDB ID 1GTE Link Image
Enzyme 85 PDB File Show
Enzyme 85 3D Structure
Enzyme 85 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 85 Gene Sequence >3078 bp
ATGGCCCCTGTGCTCAGTAAGGACTCGGCGGACATCGAGAGTATCCTGGCTTTAAATCCT
CGAACACAAACTCATGCAACTCTGTGTTCCACTTCGGCCAAGAAATTAGACAAGAAACAT
TGGAAAAGAAATCCTGATAAGAACTGCTTTAATTGTGAGAAGCTGGAGAATAATTTTGAT
GACATCAAGCACACGACTCTTGGTGAGCGAGGAGCTCTCCGAGAAGCAATGAGATGCCTG
AAATGTGCAGATGCCCCGTGTCAGAAGAGCTGTCCAACTAATCTTGATATTAAATCATTC
ATCACAAGTATTGCAAACAAGAACTATTATGGAGCTGCTAAGATGATATTTTCTGACAAC
CCACTTGGTCTGACTTGTGGAATGGTATGTCCAACCTCTGATCTTTGTGTAGGTGGATGC
AATTTATATGCCACTGAAGAGGGACCCATTAATATTGGTGGATTGCAGCAATTTGCTACT
GAGGTATTCAAAGCAATGAGTATCCCACAGATCAGAAATCCTTCGCTGCCTCCCCCAGAA
AAAATGTCTGAAGCCTATTCTGCAAAGATTGCTCTTTTTGGTGCTGGGCCTGCAAGTATA
AGTTGTGCTTCCTTTTTGGCTCGATTGGGGTACTCTGACATCACTATATTTGAAAAACAA
GAATATGTTGGTGGTTTAAGTACTTCTGAAATTCCTCAGTTCCGGCTGCCGTATGATGTA
GTGAATTTTGAGATTGAGCTAATGAAGGACCTTGGTGTAAAGATAATTTGCGGTAAAAGC
CTTTCAGTGAATGAAATGACTCTTAGCACTTTGAAAGAAAAAGGCTACAAAGCTGCTTTC
ATTGGAATAGGTTTGCCAGAACCCAATAAAGATGCCATCTTCCAAGGCCTGACGCAGGAC
CAGGGGTTTTATACATCCAAAGACTTTTTGCCACTTGTAGCCAAAGGCAGTAAAGCAGGA
ATGTGCGCCTGTCACTCTCCATTGCCATCGATACGGGGAGTCGTGATCGTACTTGGAGCT
GGAGACACTGCCTTTGACTGTGCAACATCTGCTCTACGTTGTGGAGCTCGCCGTGTGTTC
ATCGTCTTCAGAAAAGGCTTTGTTAATATAAGAGCTGTCCCTGAGGAGATGGAACTTGCT
AAGGAAGAAAAGTGTGAATTTCTGCCATTCCTGTCCCCACGGAAGGTTATAGTAAAAGGT
GGGAGAATTGTTGCTATGCAGTTTGTTCGGACAGAGCAAGATGAAACTGGAAAATGGAAT
GAAGATGAAGATCAGATGGTCCATCTGAAAGCCGATGTGGTCATCAGTGCCTTTGGTTCA
GTTCTGAGTGATCCTAAAGTAAAAGAAGCCTTGAGCCCTATAAAATTTAACAGATGGGGT
CTCCCAGAAGTAGATCCAGAAACTATGCAAACTAGTGAAGCATGGGTATTTGCAGGTGGT
GATGTCGTTGGTTTGGCTAACACTACAGTGGAATCGGTGAATGATGGAAAGCAAGCTTCT
TGGTACATTCACAAATACGTACAGTCACAATATGGAGCTTCCGTTTCTGCCAAGCCTGAA
CTACCCCTCTTTTACACTCCTATTGATCTGGTGGACATTAGTGTAGAAATGGCCGGATTG
AAGTTTATAAATCCTTTTGGTCTTGCTAGCGCAACTCCAGCCACCAGCACATCAATGATT
CGAAGAGCTTTTGAAGCTGGATGGGGTTTTGCCCTCACCAAAACTTTCTCTCTTGATAAG
GACATTGTGACAAATGTTTCCCCCAGAATCATCCGGGGAACCACCTCTGGCCCCATGTAT
GGCCCTGGACAAAGCTCCTTTCTGAATATTGAGCTCATCAGTGAGAAAACGGCTGCATAT
TGGTGTCAAAGTGTCACTGAACTAAAGGCTGACTTTCCAGACAACATTGTGATTGCTAGC
ATTATGTGCAGTTACAATAAAAATGACTGGACGGAACTTGCCAAGAAGTCTGAGGATTCT
GGAGCAGATGCCCTGGAGTTAAATTTATCATGTCCACATGGCATGGGAGAAAGAGGAATG
GGCCTGGCCTGTGGGCAGGATCCAGAGCTGGTGCGGAACATCTGCCGCTGGGTTAGGCAA
GCTGTTCAGATTCCTTTTTTTGCCAAGCTGACCCCAAATGTCACTGATATTGTGAGCATC
GCAAGAGCTGCAAAGGAAGGTGGTGCCAATGGCGTTACAGCCACCAACACTGTCTCAGGT
CTGATGGGATTAAAATCTGATGGCACACCTTGGCCAGCAGTGGGGATTGCAAAGCGAACT
ACATATGGAGGAGTGTCTGGGACAGCAATCAGACCTATTGCTTTGAGAGCTGTGACCTCC
ATTGCTCGTGCTCTGCCTGGATTTCCCATTTTGGCTACTGGTGGAATTGACTCTGCTGAA
AGTGGTCTTCAGTTTCTCCATAGTGGTGCTTCCGTCCTCCAGGTATGCAGTGCCATTCAG
AATCAGGATTTCACTGTGATCGAAGACTACTGCACTGGCCTCAAAGCCCTGCTTTATCTG
AAAAGCATTGAAGAACTACAAGACTGGGATGGACAGAGTCCAGCTACTGTGAGTCACCAG
AAAGGGAAACCAGTTCCACGTATAGCTGAACTCATGGACAAGAAACTGCCAAGTTTTGGA
CCTTATCTGGAACAGCGCAAGAAAATCATAGCAGAAAACAAGATTAGACTGAAAGAACAA
AATGTAGCTTTTTCACCACTTAAGAGAAACTGTTTTATCCCCAAAAGGCCTATTCCTACC
ATCAAGGATGTAATAGGAAAAGCACTGCAGTACCTTGGAACATTTGGTGAATTGAGCAAC
GTAGAGCAAGTTGTGGCTATGATTGATGAAGAAATGTGTATCAACTGTGGTAAATGCTAC
ATGACCTGTAATGATTCTGGCTACCAGGCTATACAGTTTGATCCAGAAACCCACCTGCCC
ACCATAACCGACACTTGTACAGGCTGTACTCTGTGTCTCAGTGTTTGCCCTATTGTCGAC
TGCATCAAAATGGTTTCCAGGACAACACCTTATGAACCAAAGAGAGGCGTACCCTTATCT
GTGAATCCGGTGTGTTAA
Enzyme 85 GenBank Gene ID AB003063 Link Image
Enzyme 85 GeneCard ID DPYD Link Image
Enzyme 85 GenAtlas ID DPYD Link Image
Enzyme 85 HGNC ID HGNC:3012 Link Image
Enzyme 85 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 85 Locus 1p22
Enzyme 85 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 85 General References
  1. Yokota H, Fernandez-Salguero P, Furuya H, Lin K, McBride OW, Podschun B, Schnackerz KD, Gonzalez FJ: cDNA cloning and chromosome mapping of human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, an enzyme associated with 5-fluorouracil toxicity and congenital thymine uraciluria. J Biol Chem. 1994 Sep 16;269(37):23192-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Johnson MR, Wang K, Tillmanns S, Albin N, Diasio RB: Structural organization of the human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene. Cancer Res. 1997 May 1;57(9):1660-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ogura K, Nishiyama T, Takubo H, Kato A, Okuda H, Arakawa K, Fukushima M, Nagayama S, Kawaguchi Y, Watabe T: Suicidal inactivation of human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase by (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil derived from the antiviral, sorivudine. Cancer Lett. 1998 Jan 9;122(1-2):107-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Vreken P, Van Kuilenburg AB, Meinsma R, Smit GP, Bakker HD, De Abreu RA, van Gennip AH: A point mutation in an invariant splice donor site leads to exon skipping in two unrelated Dutch patients with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1996;19(5):645-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Fernandez-Salguero PM, Sapone A, Wei X, Holt JR, Jones S, Idle JR, Gonzalez FJ: Lack of correlation between phenotype and genotype for the polymorphically expressed dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in a family of Pakistani origin. Pharmacogenetics. 1997 Apr;7(2):161-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Lu ZH, Zhang R, Diasio RB: Purification and characterization of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase from human liver. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 25;267(24):17102-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Vreken P, Van Kuilenburg AB, Meinsma R, van Gennip AH: Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency: identification and expression of missense mutations C29R, R886H and R235W. Hum Genet. 1997 Dec;101(3):333-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Vreken P, Van Kuilenburg AB, Meinsma R, van Gennip AH: Identification of novel point mutations in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1997 Jul;20(3):335-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Ley TJ, Mardis ER, Ding L, Fulton B, McLellan MD, Chen K, Dooling D, Dunford-Shore BH, McGrath S, Hickenbotham M, Cook L, Abbott R, Larson DE, Koboldt DC, Pohl C, Smith S, Hawkins A, Abbott S, Locke D, Hillier LW, Miner T, Fulton L, Magrini V, Wylie T, Glasscock J, Conyers J, Sander N, Shi X, Osborne JR, Minx P, Gordon D, Chinwalla A, Zhao Y, Ries RE, Payton JE, Westervelt P, Tomasson MH, Watson M, Baty J, Ivanovich J, Heath S, Shannon WD, Nagarajan R, Walter MJ, Link DC, Graubert TA, DiPersio JF, Wilson RK: DNA sequencing of a cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia genome. Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):66-72. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 85 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 86 [top]
Enzyme 86 ID 6073
Enzyme 86 Name Sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 86 Synonyms
  1. SarDH
  2. BPR-2
Enzyme 86 Gene Name SARDH
Enzyme 86 Protein Sequence >Sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MASLSRALRVAAAHPRQSPTRGMGPCNLSSAAGPTAEKSVPYQRTLKEGQGTSVVAQGPS
RPLPSTANVVVIGGGSLGCQTLYHLAKLGMSGAVLLERERLTSGTTWHTAGLLWQLRPSD
VEVELLAHTRRVVSRELEEETGLHTGWIQNGGLFIASNRQRLDEYKRLMSLGKAYGVESH
VLSPAETKTLYPLMNVDDLYGTLYVPHDGTMDPAGTCTTLARAASARGAQVIENCPVTGI
RVWTDDFGVRRVAGVETQHGSIQTPCVVNCAGVWASAVGRMAGVKVPLVAMHHAYVVTER
IEGIQNMPNVRDHDASVYLRLQGDALSVGGYEANPIFWEEVSDKFAFGLFDLDWEVFTQH
IEGAINRVPVLEKTGIKSTVCGPESFTPDHKPLMGEAPELRGFFLGCGFNSAGMMLGGGC
GQELAHWIIHGRPEKDMHGYDIRRFHHSLTDHPRWIRERSHESYAKNYSVVFPHDEPLAG
RNMRRDPLHEELLGQGCVFQERHGWERPGWFHPRGPAPVLEYDYYGAYGSRAHEDYAYRR
LLADEYTFAFPPHHDTIKKECLACRGAAAVFDMSYFGKFYLVGLDARKAADWLFSADVSR
PPGSTVYTCMLNHRGGTESDLTVSRLAPSHQASPLAPAFEGDGYYLAMGGAVAQHNWSHI
TTVLQDQKSQCQLIDSSEDLGMISIQGPASRAILQEVLDADLSNEAFPFSTHKLLRAAGH
LVRAMRLSFVGELGWELHIPKASCVPVYRAVMAAGAKHGLINAGYRAIDSLSIEKGYRHW
HADLRPDDSPLEAGLAFTCKLKSPVPFLGREALEQQRAAGLRRRLVCFTMEDKVPMFGLE
AIWRNGQVVGHVRRADFGFAIDKTIAYGYIHDPSGGPVSLDFVKSGDYALERMGVTYGAQ
AHLKSPFDPNNKRVKGIY
Enzyme 86 Number of Residues 918
Enzyme 86 Molecular Weight 101036.0
Enzyme 86 Theoretical pI 7.26
Enzyme 86 GO Classification
Function
  • aminomethyltransferase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • methyltransferase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups
Process
  • cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
  • cellular amino acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • glycine catabolic process
  • glycine metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • serine family amino acid metabolic process
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 86 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 86 Specific Function Sarcosine + acceptor + H(2)O = glycine + formaldehyde + reduced acceptor
Enzyme 86 Pathways
  • Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 Link Image)
Enzyme 86 Reactions
  • sarcosine + acceptor + H2O = glycine + formaldehyde + reduced acceptor [RN:R00611]
Enzyme 86 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 86 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 86 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 86 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 86 GenBank ID Protein 5902974 Link Image
Enzyme 86 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UL12 Link Image
Enzyme 86 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SARDH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 86 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 86 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 86 Gene Sequence >2757 bp
ATGGCCTCACTGAGCCGAGCCCTACGTGTGGCTGCTGCCCACCCTCGCCAGAGCCCTACC
CGGGGCATGGGGCCATGCAACCTGTCCAGCGCAGCTGGCCCCACAGCCGAGAAGAGTGTG
CCATATCAGCGGACCCTGAAGGAGGGACAGGGCACCTCGGTGGTGGCCCAAGGCCCAAGC
CGGCCCCTGCCCAGCACGGCCAACGTGGTGGTCATTGGTGGAGGCAGCTTGGGCTGCCAG
ACCCTGTACCACCTGGCCAAGCTGGGCATGAGTGGGGCGGTGCTGCTGGAGCGGGAGCGG
CTGACCTCCGGGACCACCTGGCACACGGCAGGCCTGCTGTGGCAGCTGCGGCCCAGTGAC
GTGGAGGTGGAGCTTCTGGCCCACACTCGGCGGGTGGTGAGCCGGGAGCTGGAGGAGGAG
ACGGGACTACACACGGGCTGGATCCAGAATGGGGGCCTCTTCATCGCGTCCAACCGGCAG
CGCCTGGACGAGTACAAGAGGCTCATGTCGCTGGGCAAGGCGTATGGTGTGGAATCCCAT
GTGCTGAGCCCGGCAGAGACCAAGACTCTGTACCCGCTGATGAATGTGGACGACCTCTAC
GGGACCCTGTATGTGCCGCACGACGGTACCATGGACCCCGCTGGCACCTGTACCACCCTC
GCCAGGGCAGCTTCTGCCCGAGGAGCACAGGTCATTGAGAACTGCCCAGTGACCGGCATT
CGTGTGTGGACGGATGATTTTGGGGTGCGGCGGGTCGCGGGTGTGGAGACTCAGCATGGT
TCCATCCAGACACCCTGCGTGGTCAACTGTGCAGGAGTGTGGGCAAGTGCTGTGGGCCGG
ATGGCTGGAGTCAAGGTCCCGCTGGTGGCCATGCACCATGCCTATGTCGTCACCGAGCGC
ATCGAGGGGATTCAGAACATGCCCAATGTCCGTGATCATGATGCCTCTGTCTACCTCCGC
CTCCAAGGGGATGCCTTGTCTGTGGGTGGCTATGAGGCCAACCCCATCTTTTGGGAGGAG
GTGTCAGACAAGTTTGCCTTCGGCCTCTTTGACCTGGACTGGGAGGTGTTCACCCAGCAC
ATTGAAGGCGCCATCAACAGGGTCCCCGTGCTGGAGAAGACAGGAATCAAGTCCACGGTC
TGCGGCCCTGAATCCTTCACGCCCGACCACAAGCCCCTGATGGGGGAGGCACCTGAGCTC
CGAGGGTTCTTCCTGGGCTGTGGCTTCAACAGCGCAGGAATGATGCTGGGTGGTGGCTGT
GGGCAGGAGCTGGCCCACTGGATCATCCATGGGCGCCCGGAGAAGGACATGCATGGCTAT
GACATCAGGCGCTTCCATCACTCGCTCACGGACCACCCCCGCTGGATCCGAGAGCGAAGC
CATGAGTCCTACGCCAAGAACTACTCCGTCGTCTTCCCCCACGATGAGCCGCTGGCCGGG
CGCAACATGAGGAGAGACCCGCTGCATGAGGAACTCCTTGGACAAGGCTGCGTGTTCCAG
GAGCGGCATGGCTGGGAGCGACCGGGATGGTTTCATCCCCGAGGCCCAGCTCCGGTCCTC
GAGTACGACTACTACGGGGCTTACGGGAGCCGCGCGCACGAGGACTACGCCTACCGCAGG
CTGCTGGCAGACGAGTACACCTTCGCCTTCCCGCCCCACCACGACACGATCAAGAAGGAG
TGCCTGGCCTGCAGAGGGGCCGCCGCTGTGTTTGACATGTCCTACTTCGGGAAGTTCTAC
CTGGTGGGGCTGGATGCAAGGAAGGCTGCCGACTGGCTCTTCTCCGCAGATGTCAGCCGA
CCCCCAGGCTCCACCGTGTACACGTGCATGCTCAACCACCGTGGGGGCACCGAGAGTGAC
CTGACTGTCAGCCGCCTGGCACCCAGCCACCAGGCCTCCCCGCTGGCCCCCGCCTTTGAA
GGGGACGGTTACTACCTGGCCATGGGCGGGGCCGTGGCCCAGCACAACTGGTCCCACATC
ACCACCGTGCTGCAGGACCAGAAGTCCCAGTGCCAGCTCATCGACAGCTCCGAGGACCTG
GGTATGATCAGTATCCAGGGCCCAGCCAGCCGAGCCATTTTGCAGGAGGTGCTGGACGCA
GACCTGAGCAACGAGGCCTTCCCGTTCTCCACCCACAAGCTACTGAGAGCCGCAGGGCAC
CTGGTCCGAGCCATGCGGCTGTCCTTTGTGGGGGAGCTGGGCTGGGAGCTGCACATTCCA
AAGGCGTCCTGCGTGCCTGTGTACCGGGCTGTGATGGCCGCGGGTGCCAAGCACGGCCTC
ATCAACGCAGGGTACCGCGCCATCGACTCCCTGAGCATTGAGAAAGGCTACCGGCACTGG
CACGCGGACCTGCGGCCAGACGACAGCCCCCTGGAGGCAGGCCTGGCCTTCACCTGCAAG
CTCAAGTCGCCGGTGCCCTTCCTGGGGAGGGAGGCCCTGGAGCAGCAGCGGGCCGCAGGC
CTCCGCCGGCGCCTGGTGTGCTTCACCATGGAGGACAAAGTACCCATGTTTGGCCTGGAG
GCCATCTGGAGGAACGGCCAAGTGGTGGGCCATGTCCGGAGGGCTGACTTTGGGTTCGCC
ATCGACAAGACCATCGCCTACGGTTACATCCATGACCCCAGCGGTGGGCCGGTCTCGCTG
GACTTTGTGAAGAGCGGGGACTATGCCCTGGAGAGAATGGGGGTGACCTATGGTGCCCAG
GCTCACCTGAAGTCGCCCTTCGACCCCAACAACAAGAGGGTGAAGGGAATCTACTGA
Enzyme 86 GenBank Gene ID AF095735 Link Image
Enzyme 86 GeneCard ID SARDH Link Image
Enzyme 86 GenAtlas ID SARDH Link Image
Enzyme 86 HGNC ID HGNC:10536 Link Image
Enzyme 86 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 86 Locus 9q33-q34
Enzyme 86 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 86 General References
  1. Eschenbrenner M, Jorns MS: Cloning and mapping of the cDNA for human sarcosine dehydrogenase, a flavoenzyme defective in patients with sarcosinemia. Genomics. 1999 Aug 1;59(3):300-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gilbert JR, Kumar A, Newey S, Rao N, Ioannou P, Qiu H, Lin D, Xu P, Pettenati MJ, Pericak-Vance MA: Physical and cDNA mapping in the DBH region of human chromosome 9q34. Hum Hered. 2000 May-Jun;50(3):151-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Tang LY, Deng N, Wang LS, Dai J, Wang ZL, Jiang XS, Li SJ, Li L, Sheng QH, Wu DQ, Li L, Zeng R: Quantitative phosphoproteome profiling of Wnt3a-mediated signaling network: indicating the involvement of ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase M2 subunit phosphorylation at residue serine 20 in canonical Wnt signal transduction. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2007 Nov;6(11):1952-67. Epub 2007 Aug 12. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 86 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 87 [top]
Enzyme 87 ID 6214
Enzyme 87 Name Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
Enzyme 87 Synonyms
  1. Hepatocyte NOS
  2. HEP-NOS
  3. Inducible NO synthase
  4. Inducible NOS
  5. iNOS
  6. NOS type II
Enzyme 87 Gene Name NOS2
Enzyme 87 Protein Sequence >Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
MACPWKFLFKTKFHQYAMNGEKDINNNVEKAPCATSSPVTQDDLQYHNLSKQQNESPQPL
VETGKKSPESLVKLDATPLSSPRHVRIKNWGSGMTFQDTLHHKAKGILTCRSKSCLGSIM
TPKSLTRGPRDKPTPPDELLPQAIEFVNQYYGSFKEAKIEEHLARVEAVTKEIETTGTYQ
LTGDELIFATKQAWRNAPRCIGRIQWSNLQVFDARSCSTAREMFEHICRHVRYSTNNGNI
RSAITVFPQRSDGKHDFRVWNAQLIRYAGYQMPDGSIRGDPANVEFTQLCIDLGWKPKYG
RFDVVPLVLQANGRDPELFEIPPDLVLEVAMEHPKYEWFRELELKWYALPAVANMLLEVG
GLEFPGCPFNGWYMGTEIGVRDFCDVQRYNILEEVGRRMGLETHKLASLWKDQAVVEINI
AVLHSFQKQNVTIMDHHSAAESFMKYMQNEYRSRGGCPADWIWLVPPMSGSITPVFHQEM
LNYVLSPFYYYQVEAWKTHVWQDEKRRPKRREIPLKVLVKAVLFACMLMRKTMASRVRVT
ILFATETGKSEALAWDLGALFSCAFNPKVVCMDKYRLSCLEEERLLLVVTSTFGNGDCPG
NGEKLKKSLFMLKELNNKFRYAVFGLGSSMYPRFCAFAHDIDQKLSHLGASQLTPMGEGD
ELSGQEDAFRSWAVQTFKAACETFDVRGKQHIQIPKLYTSNVTWDPHHYRLVQDSQPLDL
SKALSSMHAKNVFTMRLKSRQNLQSPTSSRATILVELSCEDGQGLNYLPGEHLGVCPGNQ
PALVQGILERVVDGPTPHQTVRLEALDESGSYWVSDKRLPPCSLSQALTYFLDITTPPTQ
LLLQKLAQVATEEPERQRLEALCQPSEYSKWKFTNSPTFLEVLEEFPSLRVSAGFLLSQL
PILKPRFYSISSSRDHTPTEIHLTVAVVTYHTRDGQGPLHHGVCSTWLNSLKPQDPVPCF
VRNASGFHLPEDPSHPCILIGPGTGIAPFRSFWQQRLHDSQHKGVRGGRMTLVFGCRRPD
EDHIYQEEMLEMAQKGVLHAVHTAYSRLPGKPKVYVQDILRQQLASEVLRVLHKEPGHLY
VCGDVRMARDVAHTLKQLVAAKLKLNEEQVEDYFFQLKSQKRYHEDIFGAVFPYEAKKDR
VAVQPSSLEMSAL
Enzyme 87 Number of Residues 1153
Enzyme 87 Molecular Weight 131116.3
Enzyme 87 Theoretical pI 8.01
Enzyme 87 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • FMN binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • calmodulin binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nitric-oxide synthase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • protein binding
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process
  • cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • nitric oxide biosynthetic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 87 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 87 Specific Function Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions
Enzyme 87 Pathways
Enzyme 87 Reactions
  • L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+ [RN:R00557]
Enzyme 87 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 87 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 87 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 87 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 87 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 87 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P35228 Link Image
Enzyme 87 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NOS2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 87 PDB ID 2NSI Link Image
Enzyme 87 PDB File Show
Enzyme 87 3D Structure
Enzyme 87 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 87 Gene Sequence >3462 bp
ATGGCCTGTCCTTGGAAATTTCTGTTCAAGACCAAATTCCACCAGTATGCAATGAATGGG
GAAAAAGACATCAACAACAATGTGGAGAAAGCCCCCTGTGCCACCTCCAGTCCAGTGACA
CAGGATGACCTTCAGTATCACAACCTCAGCAAGCAGCAGAATGAGTCCCCGCAGCCCCTC
GTGGAGACGGGAAAGAAGTCTCCAGAATCTCTGGTCAAGCTGGATGCAACCCCATTGTCC
TCCCCACGGCATGTGAGGATCAAAAACTGGGGCAGCGGGATGACTTTCCAAGACACACTT
CACCATAAGGCCAAAGGGATTTTAACTTGCAGGTCCAAATCTTGCCTGGGGTCCATTATG
ACTCCCAAAAGTTTGACCAGAGGACCCAGGGACAAGCCTACCCCTCCAGATGAGCTTCTA
CCTCAAGCTATCGAATTTGTCAACCAATATTACGGCTCCTTCAAAGAGGCAAAAATAGAG
GAACATCTGGCCAGGGTGGAAGCGGTAACAAAGGAGATAGAAACAACAGGAACCTACCAA
CTGACGGGAGATGAGCTCATCTTCGCCACCAAGCAGGCCTGGCGCAATGCCCCACGCTGC
ATTGGGAGGATCCAGTGGTCCAACCTGCAGGTCTTCGATGCCCGCAGCTGTTCCACTGCC
CGGGAAATGTTTGAACACATCTGCAGACACGTGCGTTACTCCACCAACAATGGCAACATC
AGGTCGGCCATCACCGTGTTCCCCCAGCGGAGTGATGGCAAGCACGACTTCCGGGTGTGG
AATGCTCAGCTCATCCGCTATGCTGGCTACCAGATGCCAGATGGCAGCATCAGAGGGGAC
CCTGCCAACGTGGAATTCACTCAGCTGTGCATCGACCTGGGCTGGAAGCCCAAGTACGGC
CGCTTCGATGTGGTCCCCCTGGTCCTGCAGGCCAATGGCCGTGACCCTGAGCTCTTCGAA
ATCCCACCTGACCTTGTGCTTGAGGTGGCCATGGAACATCCCAAATACGAGTGGTTTCGG
GAACTGGAGCTAAAGTGGTACGCCCTGCCTGCAGTGGCCAACATGCTGCTTGAGGTGGGC
GGCCTGGAGTTCCCAGGGTGCCCCTTCAATGGCTGGTACATGGGCACAGAGATCGGAGTC
CGGGACTTCTGTGACGTCCAGCGCTACAACATCCTGGAGGAAGTGGGCAGGAGAATGGGC
CTGGAAACGCACAAGCTGGCCTCGCTCTGGAAAGACCAGGCTGTCGTTGAGATCAACATT
GCTGTGCTCCATAGTTTCCAGAAGCAGAATGTGACCATCATGGACCACCACTCGGCTGCA
GAATCCTTCATGAAGTACATGCAGAATGAATACCGGTCCCGTGGGGGCTGCCCGGCAGAC
TGGATTTGGCTGGTCCCTCCCATGTCTGGGAGCATCACCCCCGTGTTTCACCAGGAGATG
CTGAACTACGTCCTGTCCCCTTTCTACTACTATCAGGTAGAGGCCTGGAAAACCCATGTC
TGGCAGGACGAGAAGCGGAGACCCAAGAGAAGAGAGATTCCATTGAAAGTCTTGGTCAAA
GCTGTGCTCTTTGCCTGTATGCTGATGCGCAAGACAATGGCGTCCCGAGTCAGAGTCACC
ATCCTCTTTGCGACAGAGACAGGAAAATCAGAGGCGCTGGCCTGGGACCTGGGGGCCTTA
TTCAGCTGTGCCTTCAACCCCAAGGTTGTCTGCATGGATAAGTACAGGCTGAGCTGCCTG
GAGGAGGAACGGCTGCTGTTGGTGGTGACCAGTACGTTTGGCAATGGAGACTGCCCTGGC
AATGGAGAGAAACTGAAGAAATCGCTCTTCATGCTGAAAGAGCTCAACAACAAATTCAGG
TACGCTGTGTTTGGCCTCGGCTCCAGCATGTACCCTCGGTTCTGCGCCTTTGCTCATGAC
ATTGATCAGAAGCTGTCCCACCTGGGGGCCTCTCAGCTCACCCCGATGGGAGAAGGGGAT
GAGCTCAGTGGGCAGGAGGACGCCTTCCGCAGCTGGGCCGTGCAAACCTTCAAGGCAGCC
TGTGAGACGTTTGATGTCCGAGGCAAACAGCACATTCAGATCCCCAAGCTCTACACCTCC
AATGTGACCTGGGACCCGCACCACTACAGGCTCGTGCAGGACTCACAGCCTTTGGACCTC
AGCAAAGCCCTCAGCAGCATGCATGCCAAGAACGTGTTCACCATGAGGCTCAAATCTCGG
CAGAATCTACAAAGTCCGACATCCAGCCGTGCCACCATCCTGGTGGAACTCTCCTGTGAG
GATGGCCAAGGCCTGAACTACCTGCCGGGGGAGCACCTTGGGGTTTGCCCAGGCAACCAG
CCGGCCCTGGTCCAAGGCATCCTGGAGCGAGTGGTGGATGGCCCCACACCCCACCAGACA
GTGCGCCTGGAGGCCCTGGATGAGAGTGGCAGCTACTGGGTCAGTGACAAGAGGCTGCCC
CCCTGCTCACTCAGCCAGGCCCTCACCTACTTCCTGGACATCACCACACCCCCAACCCAG
CTGCTGCTCCAAAAGCTGGCCCAGGTGGCCACAGAAGAGCCTGAGAGACAGAGGCTGGAG
GCCCTGTGCCAGCCCTCAGAGTACAGCAAGTGGAAGTTCACCAACAGCCCCACATTCCTG
GAGGTGCTAGAGGAGTTCCCGTCCCTGCGGGTGTCTGCTGGCTTCCTGCTTTCCCAGCTC
CCCATTCTGAAGCCCAGGTTCTACTCCATCAGCTCCTCCCGGGATCACACGCCCACGGAG
ATCCACCTGACTGTGGCCGTGGTCACCTACCACACCCGAGATGGCCAGGGTCCCCTGCAC
CACGGCGTCTGCAGCACATGGCTCAACAGCCTGAAGCCCCAAGACCCAGTGCCCTGCTTT
GTGCGGAATGCCAGCGGCTTCCACCTCCCCGAGGATCCCTCCCATCCTTGCATCCTCATC
GGGCCTGGCACAGGCATCGCGCCCTTCCGCAGTTTCTGGCAGCAACGGCTCCATGACTCC
CAGCACAAGGGAGTGCGGGGAGGCCGCATGACCTTGGTGTTTGGGTGCCGCCGCCCAGAT
GAGGACCACATCTACCAGGAGGAGATGCTGGAGATGGCCCAGAAGGGGGTGCTGCATGCG
GTGCACACAGCCTATTCCCGCCTGCCTGGCAAGCCCAAGGTCTATGTTCAGGACATCCTG
CGGCAGCAGCTGGCCAGCGAGGTGCTCCGTGTGCTCCACAAGGAGCCAGGCCACCTCTAT
GTTTGCGGGGATGTGCGCATGGCCCGGGACGTGGCCCACACCCTGAAGCAGCTGGTGGCT
GCCAAGCTGAAATTGAATGAGGAGCAGGTCGAGGACTATTTCTTTCAGCTCAAGAGCCAG
AAGCGCTATCACGAAGATATCTTTGGTGCTGTATTTCCTTACGAGGCGAAGAAGGACAGG
GTGGCGGTGCAGCCCAGCAGCCTGGAGATGTCAGCGCTCTGA
Enzyme 87 GenBank Gene ID L24553 Link Image
Enzyme 87 GeneCard ID NOS2 Link Image
Enzyme 87 GenAtlas ID NOS2 Link Image
Enzyme 87 HGNC ID HGNC:7873 Link Image
Enzyme 87 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 87 Locus 17q11.2-q12
Enzyme 87 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 87 General References
  1. Sherman PA, Laubach VE, Reep BR, Wood ER: Purification and cDNA sequence of an inducible nitric oxide synthase from a human tumor cell line. Biochemistry. 1993 Nov 2;32(43):11600-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Geller DA, Lowenstein CJ, Shapiro RA, Nussler AK, Di Silvio M, Wang SC, Nakayama DK, Simmons RL, Snyder SH, Billiar TR: Molecular cloning and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase from human hepatocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Apr 15;90(8):3491-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Charles IG, Palmer RM, Hickery MS, Bayliss MT, Chubb AP, Hall VS, Moss DW, Moncada S: Cloning, characterization, and expression of a cDNA encoding an inducible nitric oxide synthase from the human chondrocyte. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Dec 1;90(23):11419-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Maier R, Bilbe G, Rediske J, Lotz M: Inducible nitric oxide synthase from human articular chondrocytes: cDNA cloning and analysis of mRNA expression. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Sep 21;1208(1):145-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Park CS, Pardhasaradhi K, Gianotti C, Villegas E, Krishna G: Human retina expresses both constitutive and inducible isoforms of nitric oxide synthase mRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):85-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hokari A, Zeniya M, Esumi H: Cloning and functional expression of human inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cDNA from a glioblastoma cell line A-172. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1994 Sep;116(3):575-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Guo FH, De Raeve HR, Rice TW, Stuehr DJ, Thunnissen FB, Erzurum SC: Continuous nitric oxide synthesis by inducible nitric oxide synthase in normal human airway epithelium in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Aug 15;92(17):7809-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Luss H, Li RK, Shapiro RA, Tzeng E, McGowan FX, Yoneyama T, Hatakeyama K, Geller DA, Mickle DA, Simmons RL, Billiar TR: Dedifferentiated human ventricular cardiac myocytes express inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA but not protein in response to IL-1, TNF, IFNgamma, and LPS. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1997 Apr;29(4):1153-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. McLay JS, Chatterjee P, Nicolson AG, Jardine AG, McKay NG, Ralston SH, Grabowski P, Haites NE, MacLeod AM, Hawksworth GM: Nitric oxide production by human proximal tubular cells: a novel immunomodulatory mechanism? Kidney Int. 1994 Oct;46(4):1043-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Fujisawa H, Ogura T, Hokari A, Weisz A, Yamashita J, Esumi H: Inducible nitric oxide synthase in a human glioblastoma cell line. J Neurochem. 1995 Jan;64(1):85-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Bloch KD, Wolfram JR, Brown DM, Roberts JD Jr, Zapol DG, Lepore JJ, Filippov G, Thomas JE, Jacob HJ, Bloch DB: Three members of the nitric oxide synthase II gene family (NOS2A, NOS2B, and NOS2C) colocalize to human chromosome 17. Genomics. 1995 Jun 10;27(3):526-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Taylor BS, Alarcon LH, Billiar TR: Inducible nitric oxide synthase in the liver: regulation and function. Biochemistry (Mosc). 1998 Jul;63(7):766-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Glynne PA, Darling KE, Picot J, Evans TJ: Epithelial inducible nitric-oxide synthase is an apical EBP50-binding protein that directs vectorial nitric oxide output. J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 6;277(36):33132-8. Epub 2002 Jun 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Li H, Raman CS, Glaser CB, Blasko E, Young TA, Parkinson JF, Whitlow M, Poulos TL: Crystal structures of zinc-free and -bound heme domain of human inducible nitric-oxide synthase. Implications for dimer stability and comparison with endothelial nitric-oxide synthase. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 23;274(30):21276-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Fischmann TO, Hruza A, Niu XD, Fossetta JD, Lunn CA, Dolphin E, Prongay AJ, Reichert P, Lundell DJ, Narula SK, Weber PC: Structural characterization of nitric oxide synthase isoforms reveals striking active-site conservation. Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Mar;6(3):233-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 87 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 88 [top]
Enzyme 88 ID 6216
Enzyme 88 Name Nitric oxide synthase, brain
Enzyme 88 Synonyms
  1. Constitutive NOS
  2. NC-NOS
  3. NOS type I
  4. Neuronal NOS
  5. N-NOS
  6. nNOS
  7. bNOS
Enzyme 88 Gene Name NOS1
Enzyme 88 Protein Sequence >Nitric oxide synthase, brain
MEDHMFGVQQIQPNVISVRLFKRKVGGLGFLVKERVSKPPVIISDLIRGGAAEQSGLIQA
GDIILAVNGRPLVDLSYDSALEVLRGIASETHVVLILRGPEGFTTHLETTFTGDGTPKTI
RVTQPLGPPTKAVDLSHQPPAGKEQPLAVDGASGPGNGPQHAYDDGQEAGSLPHANGLAP
RPPGQDPAKKATRVSLQGRGENNELLKEIEPVLSLLTSGSRGVKGGAPAKAEMKDMGIQV
DRDLDGKSHKPLPLGVENDRVFNDLWGKGNVPVVLNNPYSEKEQPPTSGKQSPTKNGSPS
KCPRFLKVKNWETEVVLTDTLHLKSTLETGCTEYICMGSIMHPSQHARRPEDVRTKGQLF
PLAKEFIDQYYSSIKRFGSKAHMERLEEVNKEIDTTSTYQLKDTELIYGAKHAWRNASRC
VGRIQWSKLQVFDARDCTTAHGMFNYICNHVKYATNKGNLRSAITIFPQRTDGKHDFRVW
NSQLIRYAGYKQPDGSTLGDPANVQFTEICIQQGWKPPRGRFDVLPLLLQANGNDPELFQ
IPPELVLEVPIRHPKFEWFKDLGLKWYGLPAVSNMLLEIGGLEFSACPFSGWYMGTEIGV
RDYCDNSRYNILEEVAKKMNLDMRKTSSLWKDQALVEINIAVLYSFQSDKVTIVDHHSAT
ESFIKHMENEYRCRGGCPADWVWIVPPMSGSITPVFHQEMLNYRLTPSFEYQPDPWNTHV
WKGTNGTPTKRRAIGFKKLAEAVKFSAKLMGQAMAKRVKATILYATETGKSQAYAKTLCE
IFKHAFDAKVMSMEEYDIVHLEHETLVLVVTSTFGNGDPPENGEKFGCALMEMRHPNSVQ
EERKSYKVRFNSVSSYSDSQKSSGDGPDLRDNFESAGPLANVRFSVFGLGSRAYPHFCAF
GHAVDTLLEELGGERILKMREGDELCGQEEAFRTWAKKVFKAACDVFCVGDDVNIEKANN
SLISNDRSWKRNKFRLTFVAEAPELTQGLSNVHKKRVSAARLLSRQNLQSPKSSRSTIFV
RLHTNGSQELQYQPGDHLGVFPGNHEDLVNALIERLEDAPPVNQMVKVELLEERNTALGV
ISNWTDELRLPPCTIFQAFKYYLDITTPPTPLQLQQFASLATSEKEKQRLLVLSKGLQEY
EEWKWGKNPTIVEVLEEFPSIQMPATLLLTQLSLLQPRYYSISSSPDMYPDEVHLTVAIV
SYRTRDGEGPIHHGVCSSWLNRIQADELVPCFVRGAPSFHLPRNPQVPCILVGPGTGIAP
FRSFWQQRQFDIQHKGMNPCPMVLVFGCRQSKIDHIYREETLQAKNKGVFRELYTAYSRE
PDKPKKYVQDILQEQLAESVYRALKEQGGHIYVCGDVTMAADVLKAIQRIMTQQGKLSAE
DAGVFISRMRDDNRYHEDIFGVTLRTYEVTNRLRSESIAFIEESKKDTDEVFSS
Enzyme 88 Number of Residues 1434
Enzyme 88 Molecular Weight 160969.1
Enzyme 88 Theoretical pI 7.44
Enzyme 88 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • FMN binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • calmodulin binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nitric-oxide synthase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • protein binding
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process
  • cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • nitric oxide biosynthetic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 88 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 88 Specific Function Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO displays many properties of a neurotransmitter
Enzyme 88 Pathways
Enzyme 88 Reactions
  • L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+ [RN:R00557]
Enzyme 88 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 88 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 88 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 88 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 88 GenBank ID Protein 642526 Link Image
Enzyme 88 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P29475 Link Image
Enzyme 88 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NOS1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 88 PDB ID 1TLL Link Image
Enzyme 88 PDB File Show
Enzyme 88 3D Structure
Enzyme 88 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 88 Gene Sequence >4305 bp
ATGGAGGATCACATGTTCGGTGTTCAGCAAATCCAGCCCAATGTCATTTCTGTTCGTCTC
TTCAAGCGCAAAGTTGGGGGCCTGGGATTTCTGGTGAAGGAGCGGGTCAGTAAGCCGCCC
GTGATCATCTCTGACCTGATTCGTGGGGGCGCCGCAGAGCAGAGTGGCCTCATCCAGGCC
GGAGACATCATTCTTGCGGTCAACGGCCGGCCCTTGGTGGACCTGAGCTATGACAGCGCC
CTGGAGGTACTCAGAGGCATTGCCTCTGAGACCCACGTGGTCCTCATTCTGAGGGGCCCT
GAAGGTTTCACCACGCACCTGGAGACCACCTTTACAGGTGATGGGACCCCCAAGACCATC
CGGGTGACACAGCCCCTGGGTCCCCCCACCAAAGCCGTGGATCTGTCCCACCAGCCACCG
GCCGGCAAAGAACAGCCCCTGGCAGTGGATGGGGCCTCGGGTCCCGGGAATGGGCCTCAG
CATGCCTACGATGATGGGCAGGAGGCTGGCTCACTCCCCCATGCCAACGGCCTGGCCCCC
AGGCCCCCAGGCCAGGACCCCGCGAAGAAAGCAACCAGAGTCAGCCTCCAAGGCAGAGGG
GAGAACAATGAACTGCTCAAGGAGATAGAGCCTGTGCTGAGCCTTCTCACCAGTGGGAGC
AGAGGGGTCAAGGGAGGGGCACCTGCCAAGGCAGAGATGAAAGATATGGGAATCCAGGTG
GACAGAGATTTGGACGGCAAGTCACACAAACCTCTGCCCCTCGGCGTGGAGAACGACCGA
GTCTTCAATGACCTATGGGGGAAGGGCAATGTGCCTGTCGTCCTCAACAACCCATATTCA
GAGAAGGAGCAGCCCCCCACCTCAGGAAAACAGTCCCCCACAAAGAATGGCAGCCCCTCC
AAGTGTCCACGCTTCCTCAAGGTCAAGAACTGGGAGACTGAGGTGGTTCTCACTGACACC
CTCCACCTTAAGAGCACATTGGAAACGGGATGCACTGAGTACATCTGCATGGGCTCCATC
ATGCATCCTTCTCAGCATGCAAGGAGGCCTGAAGACGTCCGCACAAAAGGACAGCTCTTC
CCTCTCGCCAAAGAGTTTATTGATCAATACTATTCATCAATTAAAAGATTTGGCTCCAAA
GCCCACATGGAAAGGCTGGAAGAGGTGAACAAAGAGATCGACACCACTAGCACTTACCAG
CTCAAGGACACAGAGCTCATCTATGGGGCCAAGCACGCCTGGCGGAATGCCTCGCGCTGT
GTGGGCAGGATCCAGTGGTCCAAGCTGCAGGTATTCGATGCCCGTGACTGCACCACGGCC
CACGGGATGTTCAACTACATCTGTAACCATGTCAAGTATGCCACCAACAAAGGGAACCTC
AGGTCTGCCATCACCATATTCCCCCAGAGGACAGACGGCAAGCACGACTTCCGAGTCTGG
AACTCCCAGCTCATCCGCTACGCTGGCTACAAGCAGCCTGACGGCTCCACCCTGGGGGAC
CCAGCCAATGTGCAGTTCACAGAGATATGCATACAGCAGGGCTGGAAACCGCCTAGAGGC
CGCTTCGATGTCCTGCCGCTCCTGCTTCAGGCCAACGGCAATGACCCTGAGCTCTTCCAG
ATTCCTCCAGAGCTGGTGTTGGAAGTTCCCATCAGGCACCCCAAGTTTGAGTGGTTCAAG
GACCTGGGGCTGAAGTGGTACGGCCTCCCCGCCGTGTCCAACATGCTCCTAGAGATTGGC
GGCCTGGAGTTCAGCGCCTGTCCCTTCAGTGGCTGGTACATGGGCACAGAGATTGGTGTC
CGCGACTACTGTGACAACTCCCGCTACAATATCCTGGAGGAAGTGGCCAAGAAGATGAAC
TTAGACATGAGGAAGACGTCCTCCCTGTGGAAGGACCAGGCGCTGGTGGAGATCAATATC
GCGGTTCTCTATAGCTTCCAGAGTGACAAAGTGACCATTGTTGACCATCACTCCGCCACC
GAGTCCTTCATTAAGCACATGGAGAATGAGTACCGCTGCCGGGGGGGCTGCCCTGCCGAC
TGGGTGTGGATCGTGCCCCCCATGTCCGGAAGCATCACCCCTGTGTTCCACCAGGAGATG
CTCAACTACCGGCTCACCCCCTCCTTCGAATACCAGCCTGATCCCTGGAACACGCATGTC
TGGAAAGGCACCAACGGGACCCCCACAAAGCGGCGAGCCATCGGCTTCAAGAAGCTAGCA
GAAGCTGTCAAGTTCTCGGCCAAGCTGATGGGGCAGGCTATGGCCAAGAGGGTGAAAGCG
ACCATCCTCTATGCCACAGAGACAGGCAAATCGCAAGCTTATGCCAAGACCTTGTGTGAG
ATCTTCAAACACGCCTTTGATGCCAAGGTGATGTCCATGGAAGAATATGACATTGTGCAC
CTGGAACATGAAACTCTGGTCCTTGTGGTCACCAGCACCTTTGGCAATGGAGATCCCCCT
GAGAATGGGGAGAAATTCGGCTGTGCTTTGATGGAAATGAGGCACCCCAACTCTGTGCAG
GAAGAAAGGAAGAGCTACAAGGTCCGATTCAACAGCGTCTCCTCCTACTCTGACTCCCAA
AAATCATCAGGCGATGGGCCCGACCTCAGAGACAACTTTGAGAGTGCTGGACCCCTGGCC
AATGTGAGGTTCTCAGTTTTTGGCCTCGGCTCACGAGCATACCCTCACTTTTGCGCCTTC
GGACACGCTGTGGACACCCTCCTGGAAGAACTGGGAGGGGAGAGGATCCTGAAGATGAGG
GAAGGGGATGAGCTCTGTGGGCAGGAAGAGGCTTTCAGGACCTGGGCCAAGAAGGTCTTC
AAGGCAGCCTGTGATGTCTTCTGTGTGGGAGATGATGTCAACATTGAAAAGGCCAACAAT
TCCCTCATCAGCAATGATCGCAGCTGGAAGAGAAACAAGTTCCGCCTCACCTTTGTGGCC
GAAGCTCCAGAACTCACACAAGGTCTATCCAATGTCCACAAAAAGCGAGTCTCAGCTGCC
CGGCTCCTTAGCCGTCAAAACCTCCAGAGCCCTAAATCCAGTCGGTCAACTATCTTCGTG
CGTCTCCACACCAACGGGAGCCAGGAGCTGCAGTACCAGCCTGGGGACCACCTGGGTGTC
TTCCCTGGCAACCACGAGGACCTCGTGAATGCCCTGATCGAGCGGCTGGAGGACGCGCCG
CCTGTCAACCAGATGGTGAAAGTGGAACTGCTGGAGGAGCGGAACACGGCTTTAGGTGTC
ATCAGTAACTGGACAGACGAGCTCCGCCTCCCGCCCTGCACCATCTTCCAGGCCTTCAAG
TACTACCTGGACATCACCACGCCACCAACGCCTCTGCAGCTGCAGCAGTTTGCCTCCCTA
GCTACCAGCGAGAAGGAGAAGCAGCGTCTGCTGGTCCTCAGCAAGGGTTTGCAGGAGTAC
GAGGAATGGAAATGGGGCAAGAACCCCACCATCGTGGAGGTGCTGGAGGAGTTCCCATCT
ATCCAGATGCCGGCCACCCTGCTCCTGACCCAGCTGTCCCTGCTGCAGCCCCGCTACTAT
TCCATCAGCTCCTCCCCAGACATGTACCCTGATGAAGTGCACCTCACTGTGGCCATCGTT
TCCTACCGCACTCGAGATGGAGAAGGACCAATTCACCACGGCGTATGCTCCTCCTGGCTC
AACCGGATACAGGCTGACGAACTGGTCCCCTGTTTCGTGAGAGGAGCACCCAGCTTCCAC
CTGCCCCGGAACCCCCAAGTCCCCTGCATCCTCGTTGGACCAGGCACCGGCATTGCCCCT
TTCCGAAGCTTCTGGCAACAGCGGCAATTTGATATCCAACACAAAGGAATGAACCCCTGC
CCCATGGTCCTGGTCTTCGGGTGCCGGCAATCCAAGATAGATCATATCTACAGGGAAGAG
ACCCTGCAGGCCAAGAACAAGGGGGTCTTCAGAGAGCTGTACACGGCTTACTCCCGGGAG
CCAGACAAACCAAAGAAGTACGTGCAGGACATCCTGCAGGAGCAGCTGGCGGAGTCTGTG
TACCGAGCCCTGAAGGAGCAAGGGGGCCACATATACGTCTGTGGGGACGTCACCATGGCT
GCTGATGTCCTCAAAGCCATCCAGCGCATCATGACCCAGCAGGGGAAGCTCTCGGCAGAG
GACGCCGGCGTATTCATCAGCCGGATGAGGGATGACAACCGATACCATGAGGATATTTTT
GGAGTCACCCTGCGAACGTACGAAGTGACCAACCGCCTTAGATCTGAGTCCATTGCCTTC
ATTGAAGAGAGCAAAAAAGACACCGATGAGGTTTTCAGCTCCTAA
Enzyme 88 GenBank Gene ID U17327 Link Image
Enzyme 88 GeneCard ID NOS1 Link Image
Enzyme 88 GenAtlas ID NOS1 Link Image
Enzyme 88 HGNC ID HGNC:7872 Link Image
Enzyme 88 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 88 Locus 12q24.2-q24.31
Enzyme 88 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 88 General References
  1. Hall AV, Antoniou H, Wang Y, Cheung AH, Arbus AM, Olson SL, Lu WC, Kau CL, Marsden PA: Structural organization of the human neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS1). J Biol Chem. 1994 Dec 30;269(52):33082-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Fujisawa H, Ogura T, Kurashima Y, Yokoyama T, Yamashita J, Esumi H: Expression of two types of nitric oxide synthase mRNA in human neuroblastoma cell lines. J Neurochem. 1994 Jul;63(1):140-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Nakane M, Schmidt HH, Pollock JS, Forstermann U, Murad F: Cloned human brain nitric oxide synthase is highly expressed in skeletal muscle. FEBS Lett. 1993 Jan 25;316(2):175-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Park CS, Gianotti C, Park R, Krishna G: Neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase is expressed at low levels in human retina. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 1996 Aug;16(4):499-515. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Wang Y, Goligorsky MS, Lin M, Wilcox JN, Marsden PA: A novel, testis-specific mRNA transcript encoding an NH2-terminal truncated nitric-oxide synthase. J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 25;272(17):11392-401. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 88 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 89 [top]
Enzyme 89 ID 6217
Enzyme 89 Name Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial
Enzyme 89 Synonyms
  1. Constitutive NOS
  2. cNOS
  3. EC-NOS
  4. Endothelial NOS
  5. eNOS
  6. NOS type III
  7. NOSIII
Enzyme 89 Gene Name NOS3
Enzyme 89 Protein Sequence >Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial
MGNLKSVAQEPGPPCGLGLGLGLGLCGKQGPATPAPEPSRAPASLLPPAPEHSPPSSPLT
QPPEGPKFPRVKNWEVGSITYDTLSAQAQQDGPCTPRRCLGSLVFPRKLQGRPSPGPPAP
EQLLSQARDFINQYYSSIKRSGSQAHEQRLQEVEAEVAATGTYQLRESELVFGAKQAWRN
APRCVGRIQWGKLQVFDARDCRSAQEMFTYICNHIKYATNRGNLRSAITVFPQRCPGRGD
FRIWNSQLVRYAGYRQQDGSVRGDPANVEITELCIQHGWTPGNGRFDVLPLLLQAPDEPP
ELFLLPPELVLEVPLEHPTLEWFAALGLRWYALPAVSNMLLEIGGLEFPAAPFSGWYMST
EIGTRNLCDPHRYNILEDVAVCMDLDTRTTSSLWKDKAAVEINVAVLHSYQLAKVTIVDH
HAATASFMKHLENEQKARGGCPADWAWIVPPISGSLTPVFHQEMVNYFLSPAFRYQPDPW
KGSAAKGTGITRKKTFKEVANAVKISASLMGTVMAKRVKATILYGSETGRAQSYAQQLGR
LFRKAFDPRVLCMDEYDVVSLEHETLVLVVTSTFGNGDPPENGESFAAALMEMSGPYNSS
PRPEQHKSYKIRFNSISCSDPLVSSWRRKRKESSNTDSAGALGTLRFCVFGLGSRAYPHF
CAFARAVDTRLEELGGERLLQLGQGDELCGQEEAFRGWAQAAFQAACETFCVGEDAKAAA
RDIFSPKRSWKRQRYRLSAQAEGLQLLPGLIHVHRRKMFQATIRSVENLQSSKSTRATIL
VRLDTGGQEGLQYQPGDHIGVCPPNRPGLVEALLSRVEDPPAPTEPVAVEQLEKGSPGGP
PPGWVRDPRLPPCTLRQALTFFLDITSPPSPQLLRLLSTLAEEPREQQELEALSQDPRRY
EEWKWFRCPTLLEVLEQFPSVALPAPLLLTQLPLLQPRYYSVSSAPSTHPGEIHLTVAVL
AYRTQDGLGPLHYGVCSTWLSQLKPGDPVPCFIRGAPSFRLPPDPSLPCILVGPGTGIAP
FRGFWQERLHDIESKGLQPTPMTLVFGCRCSQLDHLYRDEVQNAQQRGVFGRVLTAFSRE
PDNPKTYVQDILRTELAAEVHRVLCLERGHMFVCGDVTMATNVLQTVQRILATEGDMELD
EAGDVIGVLRDQQRYHEDIFGLTLRTQEVTSRIRTQSFSLQERQLRGAVPWAFDPPGSDT
NSP
Enzyme 89 Number of Residues 1203
Enzyme 89 Molecular Weight 133287.6
Enzyme 89 Theoretical pI 7.27
Enzyme 89 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • FMN binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • calmodulin binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nitric-oxide synthase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • protein binding
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process
  • cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • nitric oxide biosynthetic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 89 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 89 Specific Function Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation through a cGMP-mediated signal transduction pathway. NO mediates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in coronary vessels and promotes blood clotting through the activation of platelets
Enzyme 89 Pathways
Enzyme 89 Reactions
  • L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+ [RN:R00557]
Enzyme 89 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 89 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 89 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 89 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 89 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 89 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P29474 Link Image
Enzyme 89 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NOS3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 89 PDB ID 3NOS Link Image
Enzyme 89 PDB File Show
Enzyme 89 3D Structure
Enzyme 89 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 89 Gene Sequence >3612 bp
ATGGGCAACTTGAAGAGCGTGGCCCAGGAGCCTGGGCCACCCTGCGGCCTGGGGCTGGGG
CTGGGCCTTGGGCTGTGCGGCAAGCAGGGCCCAGCCACCCCGGCCCCTGAGCCCAGCCGG
GCCCCAGCATCCCTACTCCCACCAGCGCCAGAACACAGCCCCCCGAGCTCCCCGCTAACC
CAGCCCCCAGAGGGGCCCAAGTTCCCTCGTGTGAAGAACTGGGAGGTGGGGAGCATCACC
TATGACACCCTCAGCGCCCAGGCGCAGCAGGATGGGCCCTGCACCCCAAGACGCTGCCTG
GGCTCCCTGGTATTTCCACGGAAACTACAGGGCCGGCCCTCCCCCGGCCCCCCGGCCCCT
GAGCAGCTGCTGAGTCAGGCCCGGGACTTCATCAACCAGTACTACAGCTCCATTAAGAGG
AGCGGCTCCCAGGCCCACGAACAGCGGCTTCAAGAGGTGGAAGCCGAGGTGGCAGCCACA
GGCACCTACCAGCTTAGGGAGAGCGAGCTGGTGTTCGGGGCTAAGCAGGCCTGGCGCAAC
GCTCCCCGCTGCGTGGGCCGGATCCAGTGGGGGAAGCTGCAGGTGTTCGATGCCCGGGAC
TGCAGGTCTGCACAGGAAATGTTCACCTACATCTGCAACCACATCAAGTATGCCACCAAC
CGGGGCAACCTTCGCTCGGCCATCACAGTGTTCCCGCAGCGCTGCCCTGGCCGAGGAGAC
TTCCGAATCTGGAACAGCCAGCTGGTGCGCTACGCGGGCTACCGGCAGCAGGACGGCTCT
GTGCGGGGGGACCCAGCCAACGTGGAGATCACCGAGCTCTGCATTCAGCACGGCTGGACC
CCAGGAAACGGTCGCTTCGACGTGCTGCCCCTGCTGCTGCAGGCCCCAGATGAGCCCCCA
GAACTCTTCCTTCTGCCCCCCGAGCTGGTCCTTGAGGTGCCCCTGGAGCACCCCACGCTG
GAGTGGTTTGCAGCCCTGGGCCTGCGCTGGTACGCCCTCCCGGCAGTGTCCAACATGCTG
CTGGAAATTGGGGGCCTGGAGTTCCCCGCAGCCCCCTTCAGTGGCTGGTACATGAGCACT
GAGATCGGCACGAGGAACCTGTGTGACCCTCACCGCTACAACATCCTGGAGGATGTGGCT
GTCTGCATGGACCTGGATACCCGGACCACCTCGTCCCTGTGGAAAGACAAGGCAGCAGTG
GAAATCAACGTGGCCGTGCTGCACAGTTACCAGCTAGCCAAAGTCACCATCGTGGACCAC
CACGCCGCCACGGCCTCTTTCATGAAGCACCTGGAGAATGAGCAGAAGGCCAGGGGGGGC
TGCCCTGCAGACTGGGCCTGGATCGTGCCCCCCATCTCGGGCAGCCTCACTCCTGTTTTC
CATCAGGAGATGGTCAACTATTTCCTGTCCCCGGCCTTCCGCTACCAGCCAGACCCCTGG
AAGGGGAGTGCCGCCAAGGGCACCGGCATCACCAGGAAGAAGACCTTTAAAGAAGTGGCC
AACGCCGTGAAGATCTCCGCCTCGCTCATGGGCACGGTGATGGCGAAGCGAGTGAAGGCG
ACAATCCTGTATGGCTCCGAGACCGGCCGGGCCCAGAGCTACGCACAGCAGCTGGGGAGA
CTCTTCCGGAAGGCTTTTGATCCCCGGGTCCTGTGTATGGATGAGTATGACGTGGTGTCC
CTCGAACACGAGACGCTGGTGCTGGTGGTAACCAGCACATTTGGGAATGGGGATCCCCCG
GAGAATGGAGAGAGCTTTGCAGCTGCCCTGATGGAGATGTCCGGCCCCTACAACAGCTCC
CCTCGGCCGGAACAGCACAAGAGTTATAAGATCCGCTTCAACAGCATCTCCTGCTCAGAC
CCACTGGTGTCCTCTTGGCGGCGGAAGAGGAAGGAGTCCAGTAACACAGACAGTGCAGGG
GCCCTGGGCACCCTCAGGTTCTGTGTGTTCGGGCTCGGCTCCCGGGCATACCCCCACTTC
TGCGCCTTTGCTCGTGCCGTGGACACACGGCTGGAGGAACTGGGCGGGGAGCGGCTGCTG
CAGCTGGGCCAGGGCGACGAGCTGTGCGGCCAGGAGGAGGCCTTCCGAGGCTGGGCCCAG
GCTGCCTTCCAGGCCGCCTGTGAGACCTTCTGTGTGGGAGAGGATGCCAAGGCCGCCGCC
CGAGACATCTTCAGCCCCAAACGGAGCTGGAAGCGCCAGAGGTACCGGCTGAGCGCCCAG
GCCGAGGGCCTGCAGTTGCTGCCAGGTCTGATCCACGTGCACAGGCGGAAGATGTTCCAG
GCTACAATCCGCTCAGTGGAAAACCTGCAAAGCAGCAAGTCCACGAGGGCCACCATCCTG
GTGCGCCTGGACACCGGAGGCCAGGAGGGGCTGCAGTACCAGCCGGGGGACCACATAGGT
GTCTGCCCGCCCAACCGGCCCGGCCTTGTGGAGGCGCTGCTGAGCCGCGTGGAGGACCCG
CCGGCGCCCACTGAGCCCGTGGCAGTAGAGCAGCTGGAGAAGGGCAGCCCTGGTGGCCCT
CCCCCCGGCTGGGTGCGGGACCCCCGGCTGCCCCCGTGCACGCTGCGCCAGGCTCTCACC
TTCTTCCTGGACATCACCTCCCCACCCAGCCCTCAGCTCTTGCGGCTGCTCAGCACCTTG
GCAGAAGAGCCCAGGGAACAGCAGGAGCTGGAGGCCCTCAGCCAGGATCCCCGACGCTAC
GAGGAGTGGAAGTGGTTCCGCTGCCCCACGCTGCTGGAGGTGCTGGAGCAGTTCCCGTCG
GTGGCGCTGCCTGCCCCACTGCTCCTCACCCAGCTGCCTCTGCTCCAGCCCCGGTACTAC
TCAGTCAGCTCGGCACCCAGCACCCACCCAGGAGAGATCCACCTCACTGTAGCTGTGCTG
GCATACAGGACTCAGGATGGGCTGGGCCCCCTGCACTATGGAGTCTGCTCCACGTGGCTA
AGCCAGCTCAAGCCCGGAGACCCTGTGCCCTGCTTCATCCGGGGGGCTCCCTCCTTCCGG
CTGCCACCCGATCCCAGCTTGCCCTGCATCCTGGTGGGTCCAGGCACTGGCATTGCCCCC
TTCCGGGGATTCTGGCAGGAGCGGCTGCATGACATTGAGAGCAAAGGGCTGCAGCCCACT
CCCATGACTTTGGTGTTCGGCTGCCGATGCTCCCAACTTGACCATCTCTACCGCGACGAG
GTGCAGAACGCCCAGCAGCGCGGGGTGTTTGGCCGAGTCCTCACCGCCTTCTCCCGGGAA
CCTGACAACCCCAAGACCTACGTGCAGGACATCCTGAGGACGGAGCTGGCTGCGGAGGTG
CACCGCGTGCTGTGCCTCGAGCGGGGCCACATGTTTGTCTGCGGCGATGTTACCATGGCA
ACCAACGTCCTGCAGACCGTGCAGCGCATCCTGGCGACGGAGGGCGACATGGAGCTGGAC
GAGGCCGGCGACGTCATCGGCGTGCTGCGGGATCAGCAACGCTACCACGAAGACATTTTC
GGGCTCACGCTGCGCACCCAGGAGGTGACAAGCCGCATACGCACCCAGAGCTTTTCCTTG
CAGGAGCGTCAGTTGCGGGGCGCAGTGCCCTGGGCGTTCGACCCTCCCGGCTCAGACACC
AACAGCCCCTGA
Enzyme 89 GenBank Gene ID M93718 Link Image
Enzyme 89 GeneCard ID NOS3 Link Image
Enzyme 89 GenAtlas ID NOS3 Link Image
Enzyme 89 HGNC ID HGNC:7876 Link Image
Enzyme 89 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 89 Locus 7q36
Enzyme 89 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 89 General References
  1. Janssens SP, Shimouchi A, Quertermous T, Bloch DB, Bloch KD: Cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding human endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide synthase. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jul 25;267(21):14519-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Marsden PA, Schappert KT, Chen HS, Flowers M, Sundell CL, Wilcox JN, Lamas S, Michel T: Molecular cloning and characterization of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase. FEBS Lett. 1992 Aug 3;307(3):287-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Marsden PA, Heng HH, Scherer SW, Stewart RJ, Hall AV, Shi XM, Tsui LC, Schappert KT: Structure and chromosomal localization of the human constitutive endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene. J Biol Chem. 1993 Aug 15;268(23):17478-88. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Nadaud S, Bonnardeaux A, Lathrop M, Soubrier F: Gene structure, polymorphism and mapping of the human endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Feb 15;198(3):1027-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Miyahara K, Kawamoto T, Sase K, Yui Y, Toda K, Yang LX, Hattori R, Aoyama T, Yamamoto Y, Doi Y, et al.: Cloning and structural characterization of the human endothelial nitric-oxide-synthase gene. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Aug 1;223(3):719-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Robinson LJ, Weremowicz S, Morton CC, Michel T: Isolation and chromosomal localization of the human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene. Genomics. 1994 Jan 15;19(2):350-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Sase K, Michel T: Expression of constitutive endothelial nitric oxide synthase in human blood platelets. Life Sci. 1995;57(22):2049-55. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Garvey EP, Tuttle JV, Covington K, Merrill BM, Wood ER, Baylis SA, Charles IG: Purification and characterization of the constitutive nitric oxide synthase from human placenta. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1994 Jun;311(2):235-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Dedio J, Konig P, Wohlfart P, Schroeder C, Kummer W, Muller-Esterl W: NOSIP, a novel modulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity. FASEB J. 2001 Jan;15(1):79-89. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Zimmermann K, Opitz N, Dedio J, Renne C, Muller-Esterl W, Oess S: NOSTRIN: a protein modulating nitric oxide release and subcellular distribution of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):17167-72. Epub 2002 Nov 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Icking A, Matt S, Opitz N, Wiesenthal A, Muller-Esterl W, Schilling K: NOSTRIN functions as a homotrimeric adaptor protein facilitating internalization of eNOS. J Cell Sci. 2005 Nov 1;118(Pt 21):5059-69. Epub 2005 Oct 18. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Schleicher M, Brundin F, Gross S, Muller-Esterl W, Oess S: Cell cycle-regulated inactivation of endothelial NO synthase through NOSIP-dependent targeting to the cytoskeleton. Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Sep;25(18):8251-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Fischmann TO, Hruza A, Niu XD, Fossetta JD, Lunn CA, Dolphin E, Prongay AJ, Reichert P, Lundell DJ, Narula SK, Weber PC: Structural characterization of nitric oxide synthase isoforms reveals striking active-site conservation. Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Mar;6(3):233-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Rosenfeld RJ, Garcin ED, Panda K, Andersson G, Aberg A, Wallace AV, Morris GM, Olson AJ, Stuehr DJ, Tainer JA, Getzoff ED: Conformational changes in nitric oxide synthases induced by chlorzoxazone and nitroindazoles: crystallographic and computational analyses of inhibitor potency. Biochemistry. 2002 Nov 26;41(47):13915-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Yoshimura M, Yasue H, Nakayama M, Shimasaki Y, Sumida H, Sugiyama S, Kugiyama K, Ogawa H, Ogawa Y, Saito Y, Miyamoto Y, Nakao K: A missense Glu298Asp variant in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene is associated with coronary spasm in the Japanese. Hum Genet. 1998 Jul;103(1):65-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Sofowora G, Dishy V, Xie HG, Imamura H, Nishimi Y, Morales CR, Morrow JD, Kim RB, Stein CM, Wood AJ: In-vivo effects of Glu298Asp endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphism. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Dec;11(9):809-14. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 89 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 90 [top]
Enzyme 90 ID 6309
Enzyme 90 Name Protoporphyrinogen oxidase
Enzyme 90 Synonyms
  1. PPO
Enzyme 90 Gene Name PPOX
Enzyme 90 Protein Sequence >Protoporphyrinogen oxidase
MGRTVVVLGGGISGLAASYHLSRAPCPPKVVLVESSERLGGWIRSVRGPNGAIFELGPRG
IRPAGALGARTLLLVSELGLDSEVLPVRGDHPAAQNRFLYVGGALHALPTGLRGLLRPSP
PFSKPLFWAGLRELTKPRGKEPDETVHSFAQRRLGPEVASLAMDSLCRGVFAGNSRELSI
RSCFPSLFQAEQTHRSILLGLLLGAGRTPQPDSALIRQALAERWSQWSLRGGLEMLPQAL
ETHLTSRGVSVLRGQPVCGLSLQAEGRWKVSLRDSSLEADHVISAIPASVLSELLPAEAA
PLARALSAITAVSVAVVNLQYQGAHLPVQGFGHLVPSSEDPGVLGIVYDSVAFPEQDGSP
PGLRVTVMLGGSWLQTLEASGCVLSQELFQQRAQEAAATQLGLKEMPSHCLVHLHKNCIP
QYTLGHWQKLESARQFLTAHRLPLTLAGASYEGVAVNDCIESGRQAAVSVLGTEPNS
Enzyme 90 Number of Residues 477
Enzyme 90 Molecular Weight 50764.8
Enzyme 90 Theoretical pI 8.24
Enzyme 90 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • oxygen-dependent protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • porphyrin biosynthetic process
  • porphyrin metabolic process
  • tetrapyrrole metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 90 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 90 Specific Function Catalyzes the 6-electron oxidation of protoporphyrinogen-IX to form protoporphyrin-IX
Enzyme 90 Pathways
Enzyme 90 Reactions
  • protoporphyrinogen IX + 3 O2 = protoporphyrin IX + 3 H2O2 [RN:R03222]
Enzyme 90 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 90 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 90 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 90 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 90 GenBank ID Protein 55665937 Link Image
Enzyme 90 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P50336 Link Image
Enzyme 90 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPOX_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 90 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 90 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 90 Gene Sequence >1434 bp
ATGGGCCGGACCGTGGTCGTGCTGGGCGGAGGCATCAGCGGCTTGGCCGCCAGTTACCAC
CTGAGCCGGGCCCCCTGCCCCCCTAAGGTGGTCCTAGTGGAGAGCAGTGAGCGTCTGGGA
GGCTGGATTCGCTCCGTTCGAGGCCCTAATGGTGCTATCTTTGAGCTTGGACCTCGGGGA
ATTAGGCCAGCGGGAGCCCTAGGGGCCCGGACCTTGCTCCTGGTTTCTGAGCTTGGCTTG
GATTCAGAAGTGCTGCCTGTCCGGGGAGACCACCCAGCTGCCCAGAACAGGTTCCTCTAC
GTGGGCGGTGCCCTGCATGCCCTACCCACTGGCCTCAGGGGGCTACTCCGCCCTTCACCC
CCCTTCTCCAAACCTCTGTTTTGGGCTGGGCTGAGGGAGCTGACCAAGCCCCGGGGCAAA
GAGCCTGATGAGACTGTGCACAGTTTTGCCCAGCGCCGCCTTGGACCTGAGGTGGCGTCT
CTAGCCATGGACAGTCTCTGCCGTGGAGTGTTTGCAGGCAACAGCCGTGAGCTCAGCATC
AGGTCCTGCTTTCCCAGTCTCTTCCAAGCTGAGCAAACCCATCGTTCCATATTACTGGGC
CTGCTGCTGGGGGCAGGGCGGACCCCACAGCCAGACTCAGCACTCATTCGCCAGGCCTTG
GCTGAGCGCTGGAGCCAGTGGTCACTTCGTGGAGGTCTAGAGATGTTGCCTCAGGCCCTT
GAAACCCACCTGACTAGTAGGGGGGTCAGTGTTCTCAGAGGCCAGCCGGTCTGTGGGCTC
AGCCTCCAGGCAGAAGGGCGCTGGAAGGTATCTCTAAGGGACAGCAGTCTGGAGGCTGAC
CACGTTATTAGTGCCATTCCAGCTTCAGTGCTCAGTGAGCTGCTCCCTGCTGAGGCTGCC
CCTCTGGCTCGTGCCCTGAGTGCCATCACTGCAGTGTCTGTAGCTGTGGTGAATCTGCAG
TACCAAGGAGCCCATCTGCCTGTCCAGGGATTTGGACATTTGGTGCCATCTTCAGAAGAT
CCAGGAGTCCTGGGAATCGTGTATGACTCAGTTGCTTTCCCTGAGCAGGACGGGAGCCCC
CCTGGCCTCAGAGTGACTGTGATGCTGGGAGGTTCCTGGTTACAGACACTGGAGGCTAGT
GGCTGTGTCTTATCTCAGGAGCTGTTTCAACAGCGGGCCCAGGAAGCAGCTGCTACACAA
TTAGGACTGAAGGAGATGCCGAGCCACTGCTTGGTCCATCTACACAAGAACTGCATTCCC
CAGTATACACTAGGTCACTGGCAAAAACTAGAGTCAGCTAGGCAATTCCTGACTGCTCAC
AGGTTGCCCCTGACTCTGGCTGGAGCCTCCTATGAGGGAGTTGCTGTTAATGACTGTATA
GAGAGTGGGCGCCAGGCAGCAGTCAGTGTCCTGGGCACAGAACCTAACAGCTGA
Enzyme 90 GenBank Gene ID AL590714 Link Image
Enzyme 90 GeneCard ID PPOX Link Image
Enzyme 90 GenAtlas ID PPOX Link Image
Enzyme 90 HGNC ID HGNC:9280 Link Image
Enzyme 90 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 90 Locus 1q22
Enzyme 90 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 90 General References
  1. Nishimura K, Taketani S, Inokuchi H: Cloning of a human cDNA for protoporphyrinogen oxidase by complementation in vivo of a hemG mutant of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1995 Apr 7;270(14):8076-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dailey TA, Dailey HA: Human protoporphyrinogen oxidase: expression, purification, and characterization of the cloned enzyme. Protein Sci. 1996 Jan;5(1):98-105. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Puy H, Robreau AM, Rosipal R, Nordmann Y, Deybach JC: Protoporphyrinogen oxidase: complete genomic sequence and polymorphisms in the human gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Sep 4;226(1):226-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Deybach JC, Puy H, Robreau AM, Lamoril J, Da Silva V, Grandchamp B, Nordmann Y: Mutations in the protoporphyrinogen oxidase gene in patients with variegate porphyria. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Mar;5(3):407-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Meissner PN, Dailey TA, Hift RJ, Ziman M, Corrigall AV, Roberts AG, Meissner DM, Kirsch RE, Dailey HA: A R59W mutation in human protoporphyrinogen oxidase results in decreased enzyme activity and is prevalent in South Africans with variegate porphyria. Nat Genet. 1996 May;13(1):95-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Frank J, Poh-Fitzpatrick MB, King LE Jr, Christiano AM: The genetic basis of "Scarsdale Gourmet Diet" variegate porphyria: a missense mutation in the protoporphyrinogen oxidase gene. Arch Dermatol Res. 1998 Aug;290(8):441-5. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 90 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 91 [top]
Enzyme 91 ID 6395
Enzyme 91 Name NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial
Enzyme 91 Synonyms
  1. Complex I-ESSS
  2. CI-ESSS
  3. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase ESSS subunit
  4. Neuronal protein 17.3
  5. Np17.3
  6. p17.3
Enzyme 91 Gene Name NDUFB11
Enzyme 91 Protein Sequence >NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial
MAAGLFGLSARRLLAAAATRGLPAARVRWESSFSRTVVAPSAVAGKRPPEPTTPWQEDPE
PEDENLYEKNPDSHGYDKDPVLDVWNMRLVFFFGVSIILVLGSTFVAYLPDYRMKEWSRR
EAERLVKYREANGLPIMESNCFDPSKIQLPEDE
Enzyme 91 Number of Residues 153
Enzyme 91 Molecular Weight 17316.5
Enzyme 91 Theoretical pI 4.86
Enzyme 91 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 91 General Function Involved in electron transport chain
Enzyme 91 Specific Function Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone
Enzyme 91 Pathways
Enzyme 91 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 91 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 91 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 91 Transmembrane Regions
  • 89-109
Enzyme 91 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 91 GenBank ID Protein 16930809 Link Image
Enzyme 91 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NX14 Link Image
Enzyme 91 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NDUBB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 91 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 91 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 91 Gene Sequence >462 bp
ATGGCGGCTGGGCTGTTTGGTTTGAGCGCTCGCCGTCCTTTGGCGGCAGCGGCGACGCGA
GGCCTCCCGGCCGCCCGCGTCCGCTGGGAATCTAGCTTCTCCAGGACTGTGGTCGCCCCG
TCCGCTGTGGCGGGAAAGCGGCCCCCAGAACCGACCACACCGTGGCAAGAGGACCCAGAA
CCCGAGGACGAAAACTTGTATGAGAAGAACCCAGACTCCCATGGTTATGACAAGGACCCC
GTTTTGGACGTCTGGAACATGCGACTTGTCTTCTTCTTTGGCGTCTCCATCATCCTGGTC
CTTGGCAGCACCTTTGTGGCCTATCTGCCTGACTACAGGATGAAAGAGTGGTCCCGCCGC
GAAGCTGAGAGGCTTGTGAAATACCGAGAGGCCAATGGCCTTCCCATCATGGAATCCAAC
TGCTTCGACCCCAGCAAGATCCAGCTGCCAGAGGATGAGTGA
Enzyme 91 GenBank Gene ID AF044213 Link Image
Enzyme 91 GeneCard ID NDUFB11 Link Image
Enzyme 91 GenAtlas ID NDUFB11 Link Image
Enzyme 91 HGNC ID HGNC:20372 Link Image
Enzyme 91 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 91 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 91 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 91 General References
  1. Cui Y, Yu L, Gong R, Zhang M, Fan Y, Yue P, Zhao S: Cloning and tissue expressional characterization of a full-length cDNA encoding human neuronal protein P17.3. Biochem Genet. 1999 Jun;37(5-6):175-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, Scherer S, McLay K, Muzny D, Platzer M, Howell GR, Burrows C, Bird CP, Frankish A, Lovell FL, Howe KL, Ashurst JL, Fulton RS, Sudbrak R, Wen G, Jones MC, Hurles ME, Andrews TD, Scott CE, Searle S, Ramser J, Whittaker A, Deadman R, Carter NP, Hunt SE, Chen R, Cree A, Gunaratne P, Havlak P, Hodgson A, Metzker ML, Richards S, Scott G, Steffen D, Sodergren E, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Ainscough R, Ambrose KD, Ansari-Lari MA, Aradhya S, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Ballabio A, Banerjee R, Barker GE, Barlow KF, Barrett IP, Bates KN, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Beck A, Bethel G, Blechschmidt K, Brady N, Bray-Allen S, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Brown MJ, Bonnin D, Bruford EA, Buhay C, Burch P, Burford D, Burgess J, Burrill W, Burton J, Bye JM, Carder C, Carrel L, Chako J, Chapman JC, Chavez D, Chen E, Chen G, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chinault C, Ciccodicola A, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Clifford K, Cobley V, Cole CG, Conquer JS, Corby N, Connor RE, David R, Davies J, Davis C, Davis J, Delgado O, Deshazo D, Dhami P, Ding Y, Dinh H, Dodsworth S, Draper H, Dugan-Rocha S, Dunham A, Dunn M, Durbin KJ, Dutta I, Eades T, Ellwood M, Emery-Cohen A, Errington H, Evans KL, Faulkner L, Francis F, Frankland J, Fraser AE, Galgoczy P, Gilbert J, Gill R, Glockner G, Gregory SG, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gu Y, Gwilliam R, Hamilton C, Hart EA, Hawes A, Heath PD, Heitmann K, Hennig S, Hernandez J, Hinzmann B, Ho S, Hoffs M, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hume J, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Isherwood J, Jacob L, Johnson D, Jones S, de Jong PJ, Joseph SS, Keenan S, Kelly S, Kershaw JK, Khan Z, Kioschis P, Klages S, Knights AJ, Kosiura A, Kovar-Smith C, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leversha M, Lewis L, Liu W, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loulseged H, Loveland JE, Lovell JD, Lozado R, Lu J, Lyne R, Ma J, Maheshwari M, Matthews LH, McDowall J, McLaren S, McMurray A, Meidl P, Meitinger T, Milne S, Miner G, Mistry SL, Morgan M, Morris S, Muller I, Mullikin JC, Nguyen N, Nordsiek G, Nyakatura G, O'Dell CN, Okwuonu G, Palmer S, Pandian R, Parker D, Parrish J, Pasternak S, Patel D, Pearce AV, Pearson DM, Pelan SE, Perez L, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Reichwald K, Rhodes S, Ridler KA, Schlessinger D, Schueler MG, Sehra HK, Shaw-Smith C, Shen H, Sheridan EM, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Sotheran EC, Steingruber HE, Steward CA, Storey R, Swann RM, Swarbreck D, Tabor PE, Taudien S, Taylor T, Teague B, Thomas K, Thorpe A, Timms K, Tracey A, Trevanion S, Tromans AC, d'Urso M, Verduzco D, Villasana D, Waldron L, Wall M, Wang Q, Warren J, Warry GL, Wei X, West A, Whitehead SL, Whiteley MN, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams G, Williams L, Williamson A, Williamson H, Wilming L, Woodmansey RL, Wray PW, Yen J, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zoghbi H, Zorilla S, Buck D, Reinhardt R, Poustka A, Rosenthal A, Lehrach H, Meindl A, Minx PJ, Hillier LW, Willard HF, Wilson RK, Waterston RH, Rice CM, Vaudin M, Coulson A, Nelson DL, Weinstock G, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Gibbs RA, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature. 2005 Mar 17;434(7031):325-37. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Murray J, Zhang B, Taylor SW, Oglesbee D, Fahy E, Marusich MF, Ghosh SS, Capaldi RA: The subunit composition of the human NADH dehydrogenase obtained by rapid one-step immunopurification. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13619-22. Epub 2003 Feb 28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 91 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 92 [top]
Enzyme 92 ID 6838
Enzyme 92 Name Alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase, peroxisomal
Enzyme 92 Synonyms
  1. Alkyl-DHAP synthase
  2. Aging-associated gene 5 protein
  3. Alkylglycerone-phosphate synthase
Enzyme 92 Gene Name AGPS
Enzyme 92 Protein Sequence >Alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase, peroxisomal
MAEAAAAAGGTGLGAGASYGSAADRDRDPDPDRAGRRLRVLSGHLLGRPREALSTNECKA
RRAASAATAAPTATPAAQESGTIPKKRQEVMKWNGWGYNDSKFIFNKKGQIELTGKRYPL
SGMGLPTFKEWIQNTLGVNVEHKTTSKASLNPSDTPPSVVNEDFLHDLKETNISYSQEAD
DRVFRAHGHCLHEIFLLREGMFERIPDIVLWPTCHDDVVKIVNLACKYNLCIIPIGGGTS
VSYGLMCPADETRTIISLDTSQMNRILWVDENNLTAHVEAGITGQELERQLKESGYCTGH
EPDSLEFSTVGGWVSTRASGMKKNIYGNIEDLVVHIKMVTPRGIIEKSCQGPRMSTGPDI
HHFIMGSEGTLGVITEATIKIRPVPEYQKYGSVAFPNFEQGVACLREIAKQRCAPASIRL
MDNKQFQFGHALKPQVSSIFTSFLDGLKKFYITKFKGFDPNQLSVATLLFEGDREKVLQH
EKQVYDIAAKFGGLAAGEDNGQRGYLLTYVIAYIRDLALEYYVLGESFETSAPWDRVVDL
CRNVKERITRECKEKGVQFAPFSTCRVTQTYDAGACIYFYFAFNYRGISDPLTVFEQTEA
AAREEILANGGSLSHHHGVGKLRKQWLKESISDVGFGMLKSVKEYVDPNNIFGNRNLL
Enzyme 92 Number of Residues 658
Enzyme 92 Molecular Weight 72911.2
Enzyme 92 Theoretical pI 7.37
Enzyme 92 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 92 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 92 Specific Function 1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol = an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion
Enzyme 92 Pathways
Enzyme 92 Reactions
  • 1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol = an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion [RN:R04311]
Enzyme 92 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 92 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 92 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 92 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 92 GenBank ID Protein 189054871 Link Image
Enzyme 92 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00116 Link Image
Enzyme 92 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADAS_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 92 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 92 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 92 Gene Sequence >1977 bp
ATGGCGGAGGCGGCGGCTGCAGCGGGTGGGACTGGCTTGGGCGCGGGCGCGAGCTACGGG
TCTGCAGCGGACCGGGACCGGGACCCGGACCCGGACCGCGCCGGGCGGAGGCTGCGGGTT
CTCTCTGGCCATCTGCTGGGCCGGCCCCGGGAGGCTCTGAGTACCAATGAGTGCAAAGCG
CGGAGAGCCGCGTCGGCGGCCACGGCAGCGCCCACGGCCACTCCCGCCGCGCAGGAGTCG
GGCACCATCCCAAAGAAGCGGCAAGAAGTTATGAAATGGAATGGATGGGGATATAATGAT
TCTAAATTCATCTTCAATAAGAAGGGCCAAATTGAATTGACTGGGAAAAGGTACCCTCTT
AGTGGCATGGGTTTACCAACATTTAAAGAATGGATCCAAAATACCCTTGGAGTAAATGTG
GAGCATAAAACTACCTCTAAAGCATCCTTAAATCCTAGTGATACACCTCCTTCTGTTGTA
AATGAAGATTTTCTTCATGACCTTAAAGAAACTAATATTTCATATTCACAAGAGGCAGAT
GATCGAGTATTTAGAGCTCATGGTCATTGTCTTCATGAGATATTTTTGCTCAGGGAAGGA
ATGTTTGAGCGAATTCCTGATATAGTTTTATGGCCAACATGCCATGATGATGTAGTTAAG
ATTGTGAATCTAGCTTGCAAATATAATCTTTGTATCATACCAATTGGTGGAGGAACAAGT
GTTTCATATGGCCTGATGTGTCCTGCAGATGAGACAAGAACAATTATTTCTTTGGACACT
TCACAAATGAATCGAATTCTCTGGGTTGATGAGAACAATTTGACAGCTCATGTAGAGGCT
GGCATAACAGGACAAGAGTTGGAAAGACAGCTTAAAGAAAGTGGTTATTGTACAGGTCAT
GAACCAGATTCCCTGGAGTTCAGTACTGTAGGAGGATGGGTATCTACTCGCGCATCAGGC
ATGAAGAAGAATATCTATGGCAATATCGAGGACCTGGTGGTTCATATAAAAATGGTAACA
CCTAGAGGTATAATAGAAAAAAGCTGTCAAGGACCTCGTATGTCAACAGGCCCTGATATC
CATCACTTCATCATGGGATCTGAAGGAACTCTTGGTGTAATAACAGAAGCTACAATAAAA
ATCAGACCAGTCCCTGAATACCAAAAGTATGGCTCAGTAGCTTTCCCTAATTTTGAACAA
GGAGTAGCCTGTTTAAGAGAAATTGCAAAACAGAGATGTGCTCCGGCATCTATTCGCCTC
ATGGACAACAAGCAGTTTCAGTTTGGTCATGCTCTTAAACCTCAGGTTTCCTCTATTTTT
ACATCATTTTTGGACGGATTAAAAAAGTTTTATATTACAAAGTTTAAAGGATTTGACCCA
AATCAGCTAAGTGTAGCCACATTACTGTTTGAGGGGGATCGTGAGAAGGTTCTTCAACAT
GAAAAACAAGTGTATGATATTGCTGCAAAATTTGGTGGGTTGGCAGCTGGAGAAGATAAT
GGACAGAGAGGTTATTTGCTGACCTATGTTATTGCATACATTCGAGACTTGGCTTTGGAA
TACTATGTATTAGGAGAATCTTTTGAGACTTCTGCTCCTTGGGACAGGGTGGTAGATCTC
TGTAGAAATGTAAAAGAAAGAATAACAAGGGAATGCAAAGAGAAGGGTGTTCAGTTTGCT
CCTTTTTCTACATGCAGGGTGACGCAGACTTACGATGCAGGTGCTTGTATCTACTTCTAT
TTTGCCTTTAACTACAGGGGAATTAGTGACCCACTGACCGTATTTGAACAAACTGAGGCA
GCTGCTAGAGAAGAAATCCTTGCTAATGGAGGGAGCCTGTCACATCACCATGGAGTGGGC
AAGTTACGGAAGCAATGGCTAAAGGAAAGTATCTCTGATGTCGGCTTTGGGATGCTGAAG
TCTGTCAAGGAATATGTGGACCCCAATAACATCTTTGGAAACAGAAACCTTTTATAA
Enzyme 92 GenBank Gene ID AK314259 Link Image
Enzyme 92 GeneCard ID AGPS Link Image
Enzyme 92 GenAtlas ID AGPS Link Image
Enzyme 92 HGNC ID HGNC:327 Link Image
Enzyme 92 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 92 Locus 2q31.2
Enzyme 92 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 92 General References
  1. de Vet EC, van den Broek BT, van den Bosch H: Nucleotide sequence of human alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase cDNA reveals the presence of a peroxisomal targeting signal 2. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 May 17;1346(1):25-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. de Vet EC, Ijlst L, Oostheim W, Wanders RJ, van den Bosch H: Alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase. Fate in peroxisome biogenesis disorders and identification of the point mutation underlying a single enzyme deficiency. J Biol Chem. 1998 Apr 24;273(17):10296-301. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Thai TP, Rodemer C, Jauch A, Hunziker A, Moser A, Gorgas K, Just WW: Impaired membrane traffic in defective ether lipid biosynthesis. Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Jan 15;10(2):127-36. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 92 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 93 [top]
Enzyme 93 ID 6936
Enzyme 93 Name Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 93 Synonyms
  1. SBCAD
  2. 2-methyl branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
  3. 2-MEBCAD
  4. 2-methylbutyryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
  5. 2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase
Enzyme 93 Gene Name ACADSB
Enzyme 93 Protein Sequence >Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MEGLAVRLLRGSRLLRRNFLTCLSSWKIPPHVSKSSQSEALLNITNNGIHFAPLQTFTDE
EMMIKSSVKKFAQEQIAPLVSTMDENSKMEKSVIQGLFQQGLMGIEVDPEYGGTGASFLS
TVLVIEELAKVDASVAVFCEIQNTLINTLIRKHGTEEQKATYLPQLTTEKVGSFCLSEAG
AGSDSFALKTRADKEGDYYVLNGSKMWISSAEHAGLFLVMANVDPTIGYKGITSFLVDRD
TPGLHIGKPENKLGLRASSTCPLTFENVKVPEANILGQIGHGYKYAIGSLNEGRIGIAAQ
MLGLAQGCFDYTIPYIKERIQFGKRLFDFQGLQHQVAHVATQLEAARLLTYNAARLLEAG
KPFIKEASMAKYYASEIAGQTTSKCIEWMGGVGYTKDYPVEKYFRDAKIGTIYEGASNIQ
LNTIAKHIDAEY
Enzyme 93 Number of Residues 432
Enzyme 93 Molecular Weight 47485.0
Enzyme 93 Theoretical pI 7.00
Enzyme 93 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 93 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 93 Specific Function Has greatest activity toward short branched chain acyl- CoA derivative such as (s)-2-methylbutyryl-CoA, isobutyryl-CoA, and 2-methylhexanoyl-CoA as well as toward short straight chain acyl-CoAs such as butyryl-CoA and hexanoyl-CoA. Can use valproyl- CoA as substrate and may play a role in controlling the metabolic flux of valproic acid in the development of toxicity of this agent
Enzyme 93 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 93 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 93 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 93 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 93 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 93 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 93 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 93 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P45954 Link Image
Enzyme 93 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACDSB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 93 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 93 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 93 Gene Sequence >1299 bp
ATGGAGGGCCTGGCAGTGCGGTTGCTGCGCGGCAGCAGGCTGCTAAGAAGAAATTTCCTG
ACTTGTTTGTCTTCTTGGAAGATTCCTCCTCATGTCTCAAAATCTTCCCAGTCAGAAGCT
CTACTCAATATAACAAATAATGGAATACACTTTGCTCCCCTGCAAACATTTACAGATGAG
GAAATGATGATAAAGAGTTCAGTTAAAAAATTTGCTCAGGAACAAATTGCACCTTTGGTT
TCAACCATGGATGAAAATTCGAAAATGGAGAAATCAGTAATACAAGGATTATTTCAACAA
GGGTTGATGGGTATTGAAGTTGACCCAGAATATGGAGGCACAGGAGCTTCTTTTTTATCC
ACTGTGCTCGTGATAGAGGAATTAGCCAAAGTTGATGCATCTGTGGCTGTCTTTTGTGAG
ATCCAGAACACATTAATTAACACACTGATTAGAAAACATGGAACAGAAGAACAAAAGGCC
ACCTATTTGCCTCAGCTCACTACAGAAAAAGTAGGAAGTTTCTGCCTTTCAGAGGCTGGA
GCAGGTAGTGACTCATTTGCTTTGAAGACCAGAGCTGATAAAGAGGGAGATTATTATGTC
CTCAATGGATCAAAGATGTGGATCAGCAGTGCTGAGCATGCAGGGCTCTTTCTGGTGATG
GCAAATGTAGACCCTACCATTGGATATAAGGGAATTACCTCCTTCTTAGTAGATCGTGAT
ACTCCGGGCCTTCATATAGGGAAACCTGAAAACAAATTGGGGCTCAGAGCTTCTTCCACC
TGCCCGTTAACATTCGAAAATGTCAAGGTTCCAGAAGCCAATATCTTGGGACAAATTGGA
CATGGCTATAAGTATGCCATAGGGAGTCTCAATGAAGGTAGAATAGGAATTGCTGCACAG
ATGCTGGGACTGGCGCAAGGATGTTTTGACTACACTATTCCATATATTAAAGAAAGGATA
CAATTTGGCAAAAGACTATTTGATTTTCAGGGCCTCCAACACCAAGTGGCTCACGTGGCC
ACCCAGCTGGAAGCTGCAAGATTACTAACATACAATGCTGCTAGGCTTTTAGAAGCTGGA
AAGCCATTCATAAAAGAAGCGTCAATGGCCAAATACTATGCATCAGAGATTGCAGGACAA
ACAACGAGTAAATGTATCGAGTGGATGGGGGGAGTAGGCTACACCAAAGATTACCCTGTG
GAGAAATACTTCCGAGATGCAAAGATTGGTACGATATATGAAGGAGCTTCCAACATCCAG
TTGAACACCATTGCAAAGCATATCGATGCAGAATACTGA
Enzyme 93 GenBank Gene ID U12778 Link Image
Enzyme 93 GeneCard ID ACADSB Link Image
Enzyme 93 GenAtlas ID ACADSB Link Image
Enzyme 93 HGNC ID HGNC:91 Link Image
Enzyme 93 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 93 Locus 10q26.13
Enzyme 93 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 93 General References
  1. Rozen R, Vockley J, Zhou L, Milos R, Willard J, Fu K, Vicanek C, Low-Nang L, Torban E, Fournier B: Isolation and expression of a cDNA encoding the precursor for a novel member (ACADSB) of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene family. Genomics. 1994 Nov 15;24(2):280-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Andresen BS, Christensen E, Corydon TJ, Bross P, Pilgaard B, Wanders RJ, Ruiter JP, Simonsen H, Winter V, Knudsen I, Schroeder LD, Gregersen N, Skovby F: Isolated 2-methylbutyrylglycinuria caused by short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: identification of a new enzyme defect, resolution of its molecular basis, and evidence for distinct acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in isoleucine and valine metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Nov;67(5):1095-103. Epub 2000 Sep 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gibson KM, Burlingame TG, Hogema B, Jakobs C, Schutgens RB, Millington D, Roe CR, Roe DS, Sweetman L, Steiner RD, Linck L, Pohowalla P, Sacks M, Kiss D, Rinaldo P, Vockley J: 2-Methylbutyryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency: a new inborn error of L-isoleucine metabolism. Pediatr Res. 2000 Jun;47(6):830-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Madsen PP, Kibaek M, Roca X, Sachidanandam R, Krainer AR, Christensen E, Steiner RD, Gibson KM, Corydon TJ, Knudsen I, Wanders RJ, Ruiter JP, Gregersen N, Andresen BS: Short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency due to an IVS3+3A>G mutation that causes exon skipping. Hum Genet. 2006 Feb;118(6):680-90. Epub 2005 Nov 30. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 93 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 94 [top]
Enzyme 94 ID 7026
Enzyme 94 Name NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1
Enzyme 94 Synonyms
  1. Azoreductase
  2. DT-diaphorase
  3. DTD
  4. Menadione reductase
  5. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1
  6. Phylloquinone reductase
  7. Quinone reductase 1
  8. QR1
Enzyme 94 Gene Name NQO1
Enzyme 94 Protein Sequence >NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1
MVGRRALIVLAHSERTSFNYAMKEAAAAALKKKGWEVVESDLYAMNFNPIISRKDITGKL
KDPANFQYPAESVLAYKEGHLSPDIVAEQKKLEAADLVIFQFPLQWFGVPAILKGWFERV
FIGEFAYTYAAMYDKGPFRSKKAVLSITTGGSGSMYSLQGIHGDMNVILWPIQSGILHFC
GFQVLEPQLTYSIGHTPADARIQILEGWKKRLENIWDETPLYFAPSSLFDLNFQAGFLMK
KEVQDEEKNKKFGLSVGHHLGKSIPTDNQIKARK
Enzyme 94 Number of Residues 274
Enzyme 94 Molecular Weight 30867.4
Enzyme 94 Theoretical pI 9.34
Enzyme 94 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • coenzyme binding
  • cofactor binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 94 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 94 Specific Function The enzyme apparently serves as a quinone reductase in connection with conjugation reactions of hydroquinons involved in detoxification pathways as well as in biosynthetic processes such as the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in prothrombin synthesis
Enzyme 94 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 94 Reactions
  • NAD(P)H + H+ + a quinone = NAD(P)+ + a hydroquinone [RN:R07358 R07359]
Enzyme 94 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 94 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 94 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 94 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 94 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 94 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P15559 Link Image
Enzyme 94 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NQO1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 94 PDB ID 1KBQ Link Image
Enzyme 94 PDB File Show
Enzyme 94 3D Structure
Enzyme 94 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 94 Gene Sequence >825 bp
ATGGTCGGCAGAAGAGCACTGATCGTACTGGCTCACTCAGAGAGGACCTCCTTCAACTAT
GCCATGAAGGAGGCTGCTGCAGCGGCTTTGAAGAAGAAAGGATGGGAGGTGGTGGAGTCG
GACCTCTATGCCATGAACTTCAATCCCATCATTTCCAGAAAGGACATCACAGGTAAACTG
AAGGACCCTGCGAACTTTCAGTATCCTGCCGAGTCTGTTCTGGCTTATAAAGAAGGCCAT
CTGAGCCCAGATATTGTGGCTGAACAAAAGAAGCTGGAAGCCGCAGACCTTGTGATATTC
CAGTTCCCCCTGCAGTGGTTTGGAGTCCCTGCCATTCTGAAAGGCTGGTTTGAGCGAGTG
TTCATAGGAGAGTTTGCTTACACTTACGCTGCCATGTATGACAAAGGACCCTTCCGGAGT
AAGAAGGCAGTGCTTTCCATCACCACTGGTGGCAGTGGCTCCATGTACTCTCTGCAAGGG
ATCCACGGGGACATGAATGTCATTCTCTGGCCAATTCAGAGTGGCATTCTGCATTTCTGT
GGCTTCCAAGTCTTAGAACCTCAACTGACATATAGCATTGGGCACACTCCAGCAGACGCC
CGAATTCAAATCCTGGAAGGATGGAAGAAACGCCTGGAGAATATTTGGGATGAGACACCA
CTGTATTTTGCTCCAAGCAGCCTCTTTGACCTAAACTTCCAGGCAGGATTCTTAATGAAA
AAAGAGGTACAGGATGAGGAGAAAAACAAGAAATTTGGCCTTTCTGTGGGCCATCACTTG
GGCAAGTCCATCCCAACTGACAACCAGATCAAAGCTAGAAAATGA
Enzyme 94 GenBank Gene ID J03934 Link Image
Enzyme 94 GeneCard ID NQO1 Link Image
Enzyme 94 GenAtlas ID NQO1 Link Image
Enzyme 94 HGNC ID HGNC:2874 Link Image
Enzyme 94 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 94 Locus 16q22.1
Enzyme 94 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 94 General References
  1. Jaiswal AK, McBride OW, Adesnik M, Nebert DW: Human dioxin-inducible cytosolic NAD(P)H:menadione oxidoreductase. cDNA sequence and localization of gene to chromosome 16. J Biol Chem. 1988 Sep 25;263(27):13572-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Jaiswal AK: Human NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) gene structure and induction by dioxin. Biochemistry. 1991 Nov 5;30(44):10647-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Skelly JV, Sanderson MR, Suter DA, Baumann U, Read MA, Gregory DS, Bennett M, Hobbs SM, Neidle S: Crystal structure of human DT-diaphorase: a model for interaction with the cytotoxic prodrug 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954). J Med Chem. 1999 Oct 21;42(21):4325-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Faig M, Bianchet MA, Talalay P, Chen S, Winski S, Ross D, Amzel LM: Structures of recombinant human and mouse NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductases: species comparison and structural changes with substrate binding and release. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Mar 28;97(7):3177-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Winski SL, Faig M, Bianchet MA, Siegel D, Swann E, Fung K, Duncan MW, Moody CJ, Amzel LM, Ross D: Characterization of a mechanism-based inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 by biochemical, X-ray crystallographic, and mass spectrometric approaches. Biochemistry. 2001 Dec 18;40(50):15135-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Faig M, Bianchet MA, Winski S, Hargreaves R, Moody CJ, Hudnott AR, Ross D, Amzel LM: Structure-based development of anticancer drugs: complexes of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 with chemotherapeutic quinones. Structure. 2001 Aug;9(8):659-67. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Asher G, Dym O, Tsvetkov P, Adler J, Shaul Y: The crystal structure of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 in complex with its potent inhibitor dicoumarol. Biochemistry. 2006 May 23;45(20):6372-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Traver RD, Horikoshi T, Danenberg KD, Stadlbauer TH, Danenberg PV, Ross D, Gibson NW: NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase gene expression in human colon carcinoma cells: characterization of a mutation which modulates DT-diaphorase activity and mitomycin sensitivity. Cancer Res. 1992 Feb 15;52(4):797-802. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Kristiansen OP, Larsen ZM, Johannesen J, Nerup J, Mandrup-Poulsen T, Pociot F: No linkage of P187S polymorphism in NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1/DIA4) and type 1 diabetes in the Danish population. DIEGG and DSGD. Danish IDDM Epidemiology and Genetics Group and The Danish Study Group of Diabetes in Childhood. Hum Mutat. 1999;14(1):67-70. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 94 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 95 [top]
Enzyme 95 ID 7114
Enzyme 95 Name Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain
Enzyme 95 Synonyms
  1. CGD91-phox
  2. Cytochrome b(558) subunit beta
  3. Cytochrome b558 subunit beta
  4. Heme-binding membrane glycoprotein gp91phox
  5. NADPH oxidase 2
  6. Neutrophil cytochrome b 91 kDa polypeptide
  7. Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase heavy chain subunit
  8. gp91-1
  9. gp91-phox
  10. p22 phagocyte B-cytochrome
Enzyme 95 Gene Name CYBB
Enzyme 95 Protein Sequence >Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain
MGNWAVNEGLSIFVILVWLGLNVFLFVWYYRVYDIPPKFFYTRKLLGSALALARAPAACL
NFNCMLILLPVCRNLLSFLRGSSACCSTRVRRQLDRNLTFHKMVAWMIALHSAIHTIAHL
FNVEWCVNARVNNSDPYSVALSELGDRQNESYLNFARKRIKNPEGGLYLAVTLLAGITGV
VITLCLILIITSSTKTIRRSYFEVFWYTHHLFVIFFIGLAIHGAERIVRGQTAESLAVHN
ITVCEQKISEWGKIKECPIPQFAGNPPMTWKWIVGPMFLYLCERLVRFWRSQQKVVITKV
VTHPFKTIELQMKKKGFKMEVGQYIFVKCPKVSKLEWHPFTLTSAPEEDFFSIHIRIVGD
WTEGLFNACGCDKQEFQDAWKLPKIAVDGPFGTASEDVFSYEVVMLVGAGIGVTPFASIL
KSVWYKYCNNATNLKLKKIYFYWLCRDTHAFEWFADLLQLLESQMQERNNAGFLSYNIYL
TGWDESQANHFAVHHDEEKDVITGLKQKTLYGRPNWDNEFKTIASQHPNTRIGVFLCGPE
ALAETLSKQSISNSESGPRGVHFIFNKENF
Enzyme 95 Number of Residues 570
Enzyme 95 Molecular Weight 65335.4
Enzyme 95 Theoretical pI 8.76
Enzyme 95 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 95 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 95 Specific Function Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. It is the terminal component of a respiratory chain that transfers single electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across the plasma membrane to molecular oxygen on the exterior. Also functions as a voltage-gated proton channel that mediates the H(+) currents of resting phagocytes. It participates in the regulation of cellular pH and is blocked by zinc
Enzyme 95 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 95 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 95 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 95 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 95 Transmembrane Regions
  • 9-29 49-69 103-123 170-190 201-221 262-282
Enzyme 95 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 95 GenBank ID Protein 6996021 Link Image
Enzyme 95 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P04839 Link Image
Enzyme 95 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CY24B_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 95 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 95 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 95 Gene Sequence >1713 bp
ATGGGGAACTGGGCTGTGAATGAGGGGCTCTCCATTTTTGTCATTCTGGTTTGGCTGGGG
TTGAACGTCTTCCTCTTTGTCTGGTATTACCGGGTTTATGATATTCCACCTAAGTTCTTT
TACACAAGAAAACTTCTTGGGTCAGCACTGGCACTGGCCAGGGCCCCTGCAGCCTGCCTG
AATTTCAACTGCATGCTGATTCTCTTGCCAGTCTGTCGAAATCTGCTGTCCTTCCTCAGG
GGTTCCAGTGCGTGCTGCTCAACAAGAGTTCGAAGACAACTGGACAGGAATCTCACCTTT
CATAAAATGGTGGCATGGATGATTGCACTTCACTCTGCGATTCACACCATTGCACATCTA
TTTAATGTGGAATGGTGTGTGAATGCCCGAGTCAATAATTCTGATCCTTATTCAGTAGCA
CTCTCTGAACTTGGAGACAGGCAAAATGAAAGTTATCTCAATTTTGCTCGAAAGAGAATA
AAGAACCCTGAAGGAGGCCTGTACCTGGCTGTGACCCTGTTGGCAGGCATCACTGGAGTT
GTCATCACGCTGTGCCTCATATTAATTATCACTTCCTCCACCAAAACCATCCGGAGGTCT
TACTTTGAAGTCTTTTGGTACACACATCATCTCTTTGTGATCTTCTTCATTGGCCTTGCC
ATCCATGGAGCTGAACGAATTGTACGTGGGCAGACCGCAGAGAGTTTGGCTGTGCATAAT
ATAACAGTTTGTGAACAAAAAATCTCAGAATGGGGAAAAATAAAGGAATGCCCAATCCCT
CAGTTTGCTGGAAACCCTCCTATGACTTGGAAATGGATAGTGGGTCCCATGTTTCTGTAT
CTCTGTGAGAGGTTGGTGCGGTTTTGGCGATCTCAACAGAAGGTGGTCATCACCAAGGTG
GTCACTCACCCTTTCAAAACCATCGAGCTACAGATGAAGAAGAAGGGGTTCAAAATGGAA
GTGGGACAATACATTTTTGTCAAGTGCCCAAAGGTGTCCAAGCTGGAGTGGCACCCTTTT
ACACTGACATCCGCCCCTGAGGAAGACTTCTTTAGTATCCATATCCGCATCGTTGGGGAC
TGGACAGAGGGGCTGTTCAATGCTTGTGGCTGTGATAAGCAGGAGTTTCAAGATGCGTGG
AAACTACCTAAGATAGCGGTTGATGGGCCCTTTGGCACTGCCAGTGAAGATGTGTTCAGC
TATGAGGTGGTGATGTTAGTGGGAGCAGGGATTGGGGTCACACCCTTCGCATCCATTCTC
AAGTCAGTCTGGTACAAATATTGCAATAACGCCACCAATCTGAAGCTCAAAAAGATCTAC
TTCTACTGGCTGTGCCGGGACACACATGCCTTTGAGTGGTTTGCAGATCTGCTGCAACTG
CTGGAGAGCCAGATGCAGGAAAGGAACAATGCCGGCTTCCTCAGCTACAACATCTACCTC
ACTGGCTGGGATGAGTCTCAGGCCAATCACTTTGCTGTGCACCATGATGAGGAGAAAGAT
GTGATCACAGGCCTGAAACAAAAGACTTTGTATGGACGGCCCAACTGGGATAATGAATTC
AAGACAATTGCAAGTCAACACCCTAATACCAGAATAGGAGTTTTCCTCTGTGGACCTGAA
GCCTTGGCTGAAACCCTGAGTAAACAAAGCATCTCCAACTCTGAGTCTGGCCCTCGGGGA
GTGCATTTCATTTTCAACAAGGAAAACTTCTAA
Enzyme 95 GenBank Gene ID NM_000397.3 Link Image
Enzyme 95 GeneCard ID CYBB Link Image
Enzyme 95 GenAtlas ID CYBB Link Image
Enzyme 95 HGNC ID HGNC:2578 Link Image
Enzyme 95 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 95 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 95 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 95 General References
  1. Royer-Pokora B, Kunkel LM, Monaco AP, Goff SC, Newburger PE, Baehner RL, Cole FS, Curnutte JT, Orkin SH: Cloning the gene for an inherited human disorder--chronic granulomatous disease--on the basis of its chromosomal location. Nature. 1986 Jul 3-9;322(6074):32-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Jirapongsananuruk O, Niemela JE, Malech HL, Fleisher TA: CYBB mutation analysis in X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Clin Immunol. 2002 Jul;104(1):73-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Dinauer MC, Orkin SH, Brown R, Jesaitis AJ, Parkos CA: The glycoprotein encoded by the X-linked chronic granulomatous disease locus is a component of the neutrophil cytochrome b complex. Nature. 1987 Jun 25-Jul 1;327(6124):717-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kumatori A, Faizunnessa NN, Suzuki S, Moriuchi T, Kurozumi H, Nakamura M: Nonhomologous recombination between the cytochrome b558 heavy chain gene (CYBB) and LINE-1 causes an X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Genomics. 1998 Oct 15;53(2):123-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Teahan C, Rowe P, Parker P, Totty N, Segal AW: The X-linked chronic granulomatous disease gene codes for the beta-chain of cytochrome b-245. Nature. 1987 Jun 25-Jul 1;327(6124):720-1. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Henderson LM, Meech RW: Evidence that the product of the human X-linked CGD gene, gp91-phox, is a voltage-gated H(+) pathway. J Gen Physiol. 1999 Dec;114(6):771-86. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Dinauer MC, Curnutte JT, Rosen H, Orkin SH: A missense mutation in the neutrophil cytochrome b heavy chain in cytochrome-positive X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. J Clin Invest. 1989 Dec;84(6):2012-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Bolscher BG, de Boer M, de Klein A, Weening RS, Roos D: Point mutations in the beta-subunit of cytochrome b558 leading to X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Blood. 1991 Jun 1;77(11):2482-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Ariga T, Sakiyama Y, Tomizawa K, Imajoh-Ohmi S, Kanegasaki S, Matsumoto S: A newly recognized point mutation in the cytochrome b558 heavy chain gene replacing alanine57 by glutamic acid, in a patient with cytochrome b positive X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Eur J Pediatr. 1993 Jun;152(6):469-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Ariga T, Sakiyama Y, Matsumoto S: Two novel point mutations in the cytochrome b 558 heavy chain gene, detected in two Japanese patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Hum Genet. 1994 Oct;94(4):441. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Leusen JH, de Boer M, Bolscher BG, Hilarius PM, Weening RS, Ochs HD, Roos D, Verhoeven AJ: A point mutation in gp91-phox of cytochrome b558 of the human NADPH oxidase leading to defective translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47-phox and p67-phox. J Clin Invest. 1994 May;93(5):2120-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Hui YF, Chan SY, Lau YL: Identification of mutations in seven Chinese patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Blood. 1996 Nov 15;88(10):4021-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Jendrossek V, Ritzel A, Neubauer B, Heyden S, Gahr M: An in-frame triplet deletion within the gp91-phox gene in an adult X-linked chronic granulomatous disease patient with residual NADPH-oxidase activity. Eur J Haematol. 1997 Feb;58(2):78-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Rae J, Newburger PE, Dinauer MC, Noack D, Hopkins PJ, Kuruto R, Curnutte JT: X-Linked chronic granulomatous disease: mutations in the CYBB gene encoding the gp91-phox component of respiratory-burst oxidase. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Jun;62(6):1320-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Tsuda M, Kaneda M, Sakiyama T, Inana I, Owada M, Kiryu C, Shiraishi T, Kakinuma K: A novel mutation at a probable heme-binding ligand in neutrophil cytochrome b558 in atypical X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Hum Genet. 1998 Oct;103(4):377-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Dusi S, Nadalini KA, Donini M, Zentilin L, Wientjes FB, Roos D, Giacca M, Rossi F: Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase assembly and activation in EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines of normal and chronic granulomatous disease patients. J Immunol. 1998 Nov 1;161(9):4968-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Ariga T, Furuta H, Cho K, Sakiyama Y: Genetic analysis of 13 families with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease reveals a low proportion of sporadic patients and a high proportion of sporadic carriers. Pediatr Res. 1998 Jul;44(1):85-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Roesler J, Heyden S, Burdelski M, Schafer H, Kreth HW, Lehmann R, Paul D, Marzahn J, Gahr M, Rosen-Wolff A: Uncommon missense and splice mutations and resulting biochemical phenotypes in German patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Exp Hematol. 1999 Mar;27(3):505-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  22. Patino PJ, Perez JE, Lopez JA, Condino-Neto A, Grumach AS, Botero JH, Curnutte JT, Garcia de Olarte D: Molecular analysis of chronic granulomatous disease caused by defects in gp91-phox. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(1):29-37. [PubMed Link Image]
  23. Ishibashi F, Nunoi H, Endo F, Matsuda I, Kanegasaki S: Statistical and mutational analysis of chronic granulomatous disease in Japan with special reference to gp91-phox and p22-phox deficiency. Hum Genet. 2000 May;106(5):473-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  24. Gerard B, El Benna J, Alcain F, Gougerot-Pocidalo MA, Grandchamp B, Chollet-Martin S: Characterization of 11 novel mutations in the X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CYBB gene). Hum Mutat. 2001 Aug;18(2):163. [PubMed Link Image]
  25. Stasia MJ, Lardy B, Maturana A, Rousseau P, Martel C, Bordigoni P, Demaurex N, Morel F: Molecular and functional characterization of a new X-linked chronic granulomatous disease variant (X91+) case with a double missense mutation in the cytosolic gp91phox C-terminal tail. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Apr 24;1586(3):316-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  26. Bionda C, Li XJ, van Bruggen R, Eppink M, Roos D, Morel F, Stasia MJ: Functional analysis of two-amino acid substitutions in gp91 phox in a patient with X-linked flavocytochrome b558-positive chronic granulomatous disease by means of transgenic PLB-985 cells. Hum Genet. 2004 Oct;115(5):418-27. Epub 2004 Aug 24. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 95 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 96 [top]
Enzyme 96 ID 7168
Enzyme 96 Name Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha, mitochondrial
Enzyme 96 Synonyms
  1. Alpha-ETF
Enzyme 96 Gene Name ETFA
Enzyme 96 Protein Sequence >Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha, mitochondrial
MFRAAAPGQLRRAASLLRFQSTLVIAEHANDSLAPITLNTITAATRLGGEVSCLVAGTKC
DKVAQDLCKVAGIAKVLVAQHDVYKGLLPEELTPLILATQKQFNYTHICAGASAFGKNLL
PRVAAKLEVAPISDIIAIKSPDTFVRTIYAGNALCTVKCDEKVKVFSVRGTSFDAAATSG
GSASSEKASSTSPVEISEWLDQKLTKSDRPELTGAKVVVSGGRGLKSGENFKLLYDLADQ
LHAAVGASRAAVDAGFVPNDMQVGQTGKIVAPELYIAVGISGAIQHLAGMKDSKTIVAIN
KDPEAPIFQVADYGIVADLFKVVPEMTEILKKK
Enzyme 96 Number of Residues 333
Enzyme 96 Molecular Weight 35079.2
Enzyme 96 Theoretical pI 8.57
Enzyme 96 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 96 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 96 Specific Function The electron transfer flavoprotein serves as a specific electron acceptor for several dehydrogenases, including five acyl- CoA dehydrogenases, glutaryl-CoA and sarcosine dehydrogenase. It transfers the electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase)
Enzyme 96 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 96 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 96 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 96 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 96 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 96 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 96 GenBank ID Protein 4503607 Link Image
Enzyme 96 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P13804 Link Image
Enzyme 96 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ETFA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 96 PDB ID 1T9G Link Image
Enzyme 96 PDB File Show
Enzyme 96 3D Structure
Enzyme 96 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 96 Gene Sequence >1002 bp
ATGTTCCGAGCGGCGGCTCCGGGGCAGCTCCGGCGGGCGGCCTCATTGCTACGATTTCAG
AGTACCCTGGTAATAGCTGAGCATGCAAATGATTCCCTAGCACCCATTACTTTAAATACC
ATTACTGCAGCCACACGCCTTGGAGGTGAAGTGTCCTGCTTAGTAGCTGGAACCAAATGT
GACAAGGTGGCACAAGATCTCTGTAAAGTAGCAGGCATAGCAAAAGTTCTGGTGGCTCAG
CATGATGTGTACAAAGGCCTACTTCCAGAGGAACTGACACCATTGATTTTGGCAACTCAG
AAGCAGTTCAATTACACACACATCTGTGCTGGAGCATCTGCCTTCGGAAAGAACCTTTTG
CCCAGAGTAGCAGCCAAACTTGAGGTTGCCCCGATTTCTGACATCATTGCAATCAAGTCA
CCTGACACATTTGTGAGAACTATTTATGCAGGAAATGCTCTATGTACAGTGAAGTGTGAT
GAGAAAGTGAAAGTGTTTTCTGTCCGTGGAACATCCTTTGATGCTGCAGCAACAAGTGGC
GGTAGTGCCAGTTCAGAAAAGGCATCAAGTACTTCACCAGTGGAAATATCAGAGTGGCTT
GACCAGAAATTAACAAAAAGTGATCGACCAGAGCTAACAGGTGCCAAAGTGGTGGTATCT
GGTGGTCGAGGCTTGAAGAGTGGAGAGAACTTTAAGTTGTTATATGACTTGGCAGATCAA
CTACATGCTGCAGTTGGTGCTTCCCGTGCTGCTGTTGATGCTGGCTTTGTTCCCAATGAC
ATGCAAGTTGGACAGACGGGAAAAATAGTAGCACCAGAACTTTATATTGCTGTTGGAATA
TCTGGAGCCATCCAACATTTAGCTGGGATGAAAGACAGCAAGACAATTGTGGCAATTAAT
AAAGACCCAGAAGCTCCAATTTTCCAAGTGGCAGATTATGGAATAGTTGCAGATTTATTT
AAGGTAGTTCCTGAAATGACTGAGATATTGAAGAAAAAATGA
Enzyme 96 GenBank Gene ID NM_000126.3 Link Image
Enzyme 96 GeneCard ID ETFA Link Image
Enzyme 96 GenAtlas ID ETFA Link Image
Enzyme 96 HGNC ID HGNC:3481 Link Image
Enzyme 96 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 96 Locus 15q23-q25
Enzyme 96 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 96 General References
  1. Finocchiaro G, Ito M, Ikeda Y, Tanaka K: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNAs encoding the alpha-subunit of human electron transfer flavoprotein. J Biol Chem. 1988 Oct 25;263(30):15773-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Roberts DL, Frerman FE, Kim JJ: Three-dimensional structure of human electron transfer flavoprotein to 2.1-A resolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Dec 10;93(25):14355-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Indo Y, Glassberg R, Yokota I, Tanaka K: Molecular characterization of variant alpha-subunit of electron transfer flavoprotein in three patients with glutaric acidemia type II--and identification of glycine substitution for valine-157 in the sequence of the precursor, producing an unstable mature protein in a patient. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Sep;49(3):575-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Freneaux E, Sheffield VC, Molin L, Shires A, Rhead WJ: Glutaric acidemia type II. Heterogeneity in beta-oxidation flux, polypeptide synthesis, and complementary DNA mutations in the alpha subunit of electron transfer flavoprotein in eight patients. J Clin Invest. 1992 Nov;90(5):1679-86. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Bross P, Pedersen P, Winter V, Nyholm M, Johansen BN, Olsen RK, Corydon MJ, Andresen BS, Eiberg H, Kolvraa S, Gregersen N: A polymorphic variant in the human electron transfer flavoprotein alpha-chain (alpha-T171) displays decreased thermal stability and is overrepresented in very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-deficient patients with mild childhood presentation. Mol Genet Metab. 1999 Jun;67(2):138-47. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 96 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 97 [top]
Enzyme 97 ID 7310
Enzyme 97 Name Putative dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 6
Enzyme 97 Synonyms
  1. Dimethylaniline oxidase 6
  2. Flavin-containing monooxygenase 6
  3. FMO 6
Enzyme 97 Gene Name FMO6P
Enzyme 97 Protein Sequence >Putative dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 6
MSKRVGIIGAGVSGLAAIWCCLEEGLEPTCFERSDDVGGLWKFSDHTEEGRASIYQSVFT
NSSKEMMCFPDFPYPDDYPNYIHHSKLQEYIKTYAQKKDLLRYIQFETLVSGIKKCPSFL
VTGQWVVVTEKDGKQESTIFDAVMICSGHHVYPNLPTDSFPGLDQFRGNYLHSRDYKNPE
AFKGKRVLVIGLGNSGSDIAVELSRLATQVIISTRSASWVMSRVWDDGYPWDMMYVTRFA
SFLRNVLPSFISDWLYVQKMNTWFKHENYGLMPLNGSLRKEPVFNDELPSRILCGTLSIK
PSVKEFTETSAVFEDGTMFEAIDSVIFATGYDYSYPFLDETIMKSRNNEVTLFKGIFPPL
MEKPTLAVIGLVQSLGAAIPTADLQAWWAAKVFANSCTLPTTNEMMDDTDEKMGKKLKCM
FSSFFMFGQSQTLQTDYITYVDELGSFIGAKPNIPWLFLTDPRLALEVYFGPCSPYQFRL
MGPGKWDGARNAILTQWNRTVKPTRTRVVSEVQRPHPFYNLLKMLSFPLLLLAVTLTFY
Enzyme 97 Number of Residues 539
Enzyme 97 Molecular Weight 61290.9
Enzyme 97 Theoretical pI 6.32
Enzyme 97 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • intrinsic to organelle membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 97 General Function Involved in flavin-containing monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 97 Specific Function It is probable that this protein is only produced in very small quantity or not at all as the gene coding for it seems to be unable to produce full length transcripts
Enzyme 97 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 97 Reactions
  • N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R03344]
Enzyme 97 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 97 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 97 Transmembrane Regions
  • 518-538
Enzyme 97 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 97 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 97 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O60774 Link Image
Enzyme 97 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FMO6_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 97 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 97 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 97 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 97 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Enzyme 97 GeneCard ID FMO6P Link Image
Enzyme 97 GenAtlas ID FMO6P Link Image
Enzyme 97 HGNC ID HGNC:24024 Link Image
Enzyme 97 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 97 Locus 1q24.3
Enzyme 97 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 97 General References
  1. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hines RN, Hopp KA, Franco J, Saeian K, Begun FP: Alternative processing of the human FMO6 gene renders transcripts incapable of encoding a functional flavin-containing monooxygenase. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Aug;62(2):320-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Furnes B, Feng J, Sommer SS, Schlenk D: Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Feb;31(2):187-93. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 97 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 98 [top]
Enzyme 98 ID 7345
Enzyme 98 Name 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase
Enzyme 98 Synonyms
  1. 3-beta-hydroxysterol delta-24-reductase
  2. Diminuto/dwarf1 homolog
  3. Seladin-1
Enzyme 98 Gene Name DHCR24
Enzyme 98 Protein Sequence >24-dehydrocholesterol reductase
MEPAVSLAVCALLFLLWVRLKGLEFVLIHQRWVFVCLFLLPLSLIFDIYYYVRAWVVFKL
SSAPRLHEQRVRDIQKQVREWKEQGSKTFMCTGRPGWLTVSLRVGKYKKTHKNIMINLMD
ILEVDTKKQIVRVEPLVTMGQVTALLTSIGWTLPVLPELDDLTVGGLIMGTGIESSSHKY
GLFQHICTAYELVLADGSFVRCTPSENSDLFYAVPWSCGTLGFLVAAEIRIIPAKKYVKL
RFEPVRGLEAICAKFTHESQRQENHFVEGLLYSLDEAVIMTGVMTDEAEPSKLNSIGNYY
KPWFFKHVENYLKTNREGLEYIPLRHYYHRHTRSIFWELQDIIPFGNNPIFRYLFGWMVP
PKISLLKLTQGETLRKLYEQHHVVQDMLVPMKCLQQALHTFQNDIHVYPIWLCPFILPSQ
PGLVHPKGNEAELYIDIGAYGEPRVKHFEARSCMRQLEKFVRSVHGFQMLYADCYMNREE
FWEMFDGSLYHKLREKLGCQDAFPEVYDKICKAARH
Enzyme 98 Number of Residues 516
Enzyme 98 Molecular Weight 60100.8
Enzyme 98 Theoretical pI 8.24
Enzyme 98 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 98 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 98 Specific Function Catalyzes the reduction of the delta-24 double bond of sterol intermediates. Protects cells from oxidative stress by reducing caspase 3 activity during apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Also protects against amyloid-beta peptide-induced apoptosis
Enzyme 98 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 98 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 98 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 98 Signals
  • 1-22
Enzyme 98 Transmembrane Regions
  • 32-52
Enzyme 98 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 98 GenBank ID Protein 10442025 Link Image
Enzyme 98 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q15392 Link Image
Enzyme 98 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DHC24_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 98 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 98 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 98 Gene Sequence >1551 bp
ATGGAGCCCGCCGTGTCGCTGGCCGTGTGCGCGCTGCTCTTCCTGCTGTGGGTGCGCCTG
AAGGGGCTGGAGTTCGTGCTCATCCACCAGCGCTGGGTGTTCGTGTGCCTCTTCCTCCTG
CCGCTCTCGCTTATCTTCGATATCTACTACTACGTGCGCGCCTGGGTGGTGTTCAAGCTC
AGCAGCGCTCCGCGCCTGCACGAGCAGCGCGTGCGGGACATCCAGAAGCAGGTGCGGGAA
TGGAAGGAGCAGGGTAGCAAGACCTTCATGTGCACGGGGCGCCCTGGCTGGCTCACTGTC
TCACTACGTGTCGGGAAGTACAAGAAGACACACAAAAACATCATGATCAACCTGATGGAC
ATTCTGGAAGTGGACACCAAGAAACAGATTGTCCGTGTGGAGCCCTTGGTGACCATGGGC
CAGGTGACTGCCCTGCTGACCTCCATTGGCTGGACTCTCCCCGTGTTGCCTGAGCTTGAT
GACCTCACAGTGGGGGGCTTGATCATGGGCACAGGCATCGAGTCATCATCCCACAAGTAC
GGCCTGTTCCAACACATCTGCACTGCTTACGAGCTGGTCCTGGCTGATGGCAGCTTTGTG
CGATGCACTCCGTCCGAAAACTCAGACCTGTTCTATGCCGTACCCTGGTCCTGTGGGACG
CTGGGTTTCCTGGTGGCCGCTGAGATCCGCATCATCCCTGCCAAGAAGTACGTCAAGCTG
CGTTTCGAGCCAGTGCGGGGCCTGGAGGCTATCTGTGCCAAGTTCACCCACGAGTCCCAG
CGGCAGGAGAACCACTTCGTGGAAGGGCTGCTCTACTCCCTGGATGAGGCTGTCATTATG
ACAGGGGTCATGACAGATGAGGCAGAGCCCAGCAAGCTGAATAGCATTGGCAATTACTAC
AAGCCGTGGTTCTTTAAGCATGTGGAGAACTATCTGAAGACAAACCGAGAGGGCCTGGAG
TACATTCCCTTGAGACACTACTACCACCGCCACACGCGCAGCATCTTCTGGGAGCTCCAG
GACATCATCCCCTTTGGCAACAACCCCATCTTCCGCTACCTCTTTGGCTGGATGGTGCCT
CCCAAGATCTCCCTCCTGAAGCTGACCCAGGGTGAGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGTACGAGCAG
CACCACGTGGTGCAGGACATGCTGGTGCCCATGAAGTGCCTGCAGCAGGCCCTGCACACC
TTCCAAAACGACATCCACGTCTACCCCATCTGGCTGTGTCCGTTCATCCTGCCCAGCCAG
CCAGGCCTAGTGCACCCCAAAGGAAATGAGGCAGAGCTCTACATCGACATTGGAGCATAT
GGGGAGCCGCGTGTGAAACACTTTGAAGCCAGGTCCTGCATGAGGCAGCTGGAGAAGTTT
GTCCGCAGCGTGCATGGCTTCCAGATGCTGTATGCCGACTGCTACATGAACCGGGAGGAG
TTCTGGGAGATGTTTGATGGCTCCTTGTACCACAAGCTGCGAGAGAAGCTGGGTTGCCAG
GACGCCTTCCCCGAGGTGTACGACAAGATCTGCAAGGCCGCCAGGCACTGA
Enzyme 98 GenBank Gene ID AF261758 Link Image
Enzyme 98 GeneCard ID DHCR24 Link Image
Enzyme 98 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 98 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 98 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 98 Locus 1p32.3
Enzyme 98 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 98 General References
  1. Greeve I, Hermans-Borgmeyer I, Brellinger C, Kasper D, Gomez-Isla T, Behl C, Levkau B, Nitsch RM: The human DIMINUTO/DWARF1 homolog seladin-1 confers resistance to Alzheimer's disease-associated neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. J Neurosci. 2000 Oct 1;20(19):7345-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Waterham HR, Koster J, Romeijn GJ, Hennekam RC, Vreken P, Andersson HC, FitzPatrick DR, Kelley RI, Wanders RJ: Mutations in the 3beta-hydroxysterol Delta24-reductase gene cause desmosterolosis, an autosomal recessive disorder of cholesterol biosynthesis. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Oct;69(4):685-94. Epub 2001 Aug 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Nomura N, Miyajima N, Sazuka T, Tanaka A, Kawarabayasi Y, Sato S, Nagase T, Seki N, Ishikawa K, Tabata S: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1. DNA Res. 1994;1(1):27-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Molina H, Horn DM, Tang N, Mathivanan S, Pandey A: Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2199-204. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 98 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 99 [top]
Enzyme 99 ID 7429
Enzyme 99 Name Amyloid beta A4 protein
Enzyme 99 Synonyms
  1. ABPP
  2. APPI
  3. APP
  4. Alzheimer disease amyloid protein
  5. Cerebral vascular amyloid peptide
  6. CVAP
  7. PreA4
  8. Protease nexin-II
  9. PN-II
  10. N-APP
  11. Soluble APP-alpha
  12. S-APP-alpha
  13. Soluble APP-beta
  14. S-APP-beta
  15. C99
  16. Beta-amyloid protein 42
  17. Beta-APP42
  18. Beta-amyloid protein 40
  19. Beta-APP40
  20. C83
  21. P3(42)
  22. P3(40)
  23. C80
  24. Gamma-secretase C-terminal fragment 59
  25. Amyloid intracellular domain 59
  26. AICD-59
  27. AID(59)
  28. Gamma-CTF(59)
  29. Gamma-secretase C-terminal fragment 57
  30. Amyloid intracellular domain 57
  31. AICD-57
  32. AID(57)
  33. Gamma-CTF(57)
  34. Gamma-secretase C-terminal fragment 50
  35. Amyloid intracellular domain 50
  36. AICD-50
  37. AID(50)
  38. Gamma-CTF(50)
  39. C31
Enzyme 99 Gene Name APP
Enzyme 99 Protein Sequence >Amyloid beta A4 protein
MLPGLALLLLAAWTARALEVPTDGNAGLLAEPQIAMFCGRLNMHMNVQNGKWDSDPSGTK
TCIDTKEGILQYCQEVYPELQITNVVEANQPVTIQNWCKRGRKQCKTHPHFVIPYRCLVG
EFVSDALLVPDKCKFLHQERMDVCETHLHWHTVAKETCSEKSTNLHDYGMLLPCGIDKFR
GVEFVCCPLAEESDNVDSADAEEDDSDVWWGGADTDYADGSEDKVVEVAEEEEVAEVEEE
EADDDEDDEDGDEVEEEAEEPYEEATERTTSIATTTTTTTESVEEVVREVCSEQAETGPC
RAMISRWYFDVTEGKCAPFFYGGCGGNRNNFDTEEYCMAVCGSAMSQSLLKTTQEPLARD
PVKLPTTAASTPDAVDKYLETPGDENEHAHFQKAKERLEAKHRERMSQVMREWEEAERQA
KNLPKADKKAVIQHFQEKVESLEQEAANERQQLVETHMARVEAMLNDRRRLALENYITAL
QAVPPRPRHVFNMLKKYVRAEQKDRQHTLKHFEHVRMVDPKKAAQIRSQVMTHLRVIYER
MNQSLSLLYNVPAVAEEIQDEVDELLQKEQNYSDDVLANMISEPRISYGNDALMPSLTET
KTTVELLPVNGEFSLDDLQPWHSFGADSVPANTENEVEPVDARPAADRGLTTRPGSGLTN
IKTEEISEVKMDAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIATVIVITL
VMLKKKQYTSIHHGVVEVDAAVTPEERHLSKMQQNGYENPTYKFFEQMQN
Enzyme 99 Number of Residues 770
Enzyme 99 Molecular Weight 86942.7
Enzyme 99 Theoretical pI 4.45
Enzyme 99 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • endopeptidase inhibitor activity
  • enzyme inhibitor activity
  • enzyme regulator activity
  • peptidase inhibitor activity
  • serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
Process
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 99 General Function Involved in binding
Enzyme 99 Specific Function N-APP binds TNFRSF21 triggering caspase activation and degeneration of both neuronal cell bodies (via caspase-3) and axons (via caspase-6)
Enzyme 99 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 99 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 99 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 99 Signals
  • 1-17
Enzyme 99 Transmembrane Regions
  • 700-723
Enzyme 99 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 99 GenBank ID Protein 4502167 Link Image
Enzyme 99 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P05067 Link Image
Enzyme 99 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 99 PDB ID 1RW6 Link Image
Enzyme 99 PDB File Show
Enzyme 99 3D Structure
Enzyme 99 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 99 Gene Sequence >2313 bp
ATGCTGCCCGGTTTGGCACTGCTCCTGCTGGCCGCCTGGACGGCTCGGGCGCTGGAGGTA
CCCACTGATGGTAATGCTGGCCTGCTGGCTGAACCCCAGATTGCCATGTTCTGTGGCAGA
CTGAACATGCACATGAATGTCCAGAATGGGAAGTGGGATTCAGATCCATCAGGGACCAAA
ACCTGCATTGATACCAAGGAAGGCATCCTGCAGTATTGCCAAGAAGTCTACCCTGAACTG
CAGATCACCAATGTGGTAGAAGCCAACCAACCAGTGACCATCCAGAACTGGTGCAAGCGG
GGCCGCAAGCAGTGCAAGACCCATCCCCACTTTGTGATTCCCTACCGCTGCTTAGTTGGT
GAGTTTGTAAGTGATGCCCTTCTCGTTCCTGACAAGTGCAAATTCTTACACCAGGAGAGG
ATGGATGTTTGCGAAACTCATCTTCACTGGCACACCGTCGCCAAAGAGACATGCAGTGAG
AAGAGTACCAACTTGCATGACTACGGCATGTTGCTGCCCTGCGGAATTGACAAGTTCCGA
GGGGTAGAGTTTGTGTGTTGCCCACTGGCTGAAGAAAGTGACAATGTGGATTCTGCTGAT
GCGGAGGAGGATGACTCGGATGTCTGGTGGGGCGGAGCAGACACAGACTATGCAGATGGG
AGTGAAGACAAAGTAGTAGAAGTAGCAGAGGAGGAAGAAGTGGCTGAGGTGGAAGAAGAA
GAAGCCGATGATGACGAGGACGATGAGGATGGTGATGAGGTAGAGGAAGAGGCTGAGGAA
CCCTACGAAGAAGCCACAGAGAGAACCACCAGCATTGCCACCACCACCACCACCACCACA
GAGTCTGTGGAAGAGGTGGTTCGAGAGGTGTGCTCTGAACAAGCCGAGACGGGGCCGTGC
CGAGCAATGATCTCCCGCTGGTACTTTGATGTGACTGAAGGGAAGTGTGCCCCATTCTTT
TACGGCGGATGTGGCGGCAACCGGAACAACTTTGACACAGAAGAGTACTGCATGGCCGTG
TGTGGCAGCGCCATGTCCCAAAGTTTACTCAAGACTACCCAGGAACCTCTTGCCCGAGAT
CCTGTTAAACTTCCTACAACAGCAGCCAGTACCCCTGATGCCGTTGACAAGTATCTCGAG
ACACCTGGGGATGAGAATGAACATGCCCATTTCCAGAAAGCCAAAGAGAGGCTTGAGGCC
AAGCACCGAGAGAGAATGTCCCAGGTCATGAGAGAATGGGAAGAGGCAGAACGTCAAGCA
AAGAACTTGCCTAAAGCTGATAAGAAGGCAGTTATCCAGCATTTCCAGGAGAAAGTGGAA
TCTTTGGAACAGGAAGCAGCCAACGAGAGACAGCAGCTGGTGGAGACACACATGGCCAGA
GTGGAAGCCATGCTCAATGACCGCCGCCGCCTGGCCCTGGAGAACTACATCACCGCTCTG
CAGGCTGTTCCTCCTCGGCCTCGTCACGTGTTCAATATGCTAAAGAAGTATGTCCGCGCA
GAACAGAAGGACAGACAGCACACCCTAAAGCATTTCGAGCATGTGCGCATGGTGGATCCC
AAGAAAGCCGCTCAGATCCGGTCCCAGGTTATGACACACCTCCGTGTGATTTATGAGCGC
ATGAATCAGTCTCTCTCCCTGCTCTACAACGTGCCTGCAGTGGCCGAGGAGATTCAGGAT
GAAGTTGATGAGCTGCTTCAGAAAGAGCAAAACTATTCAGATGACGTCTTGGCCAACATG
ATTAGTGAACCAAGGATCAGTTACGGAAACGATGCTCTCATGCCATCTTTGACCGAAACG
AAAACCACCGTGGAGCTCCTTCCCGTGAATGGAGAGTTCAGCCTGGACGATCTCCAGCCG
TGGCATTCTTTTGGGGCTGACTCTGTGCCAGCCAACACAGAAAACGAAGTTGAGCCTGTT
GATGCCCGCCCTGCTGCCGACCGAGGACTGACCACTCGACCAGGTTCTGGGTTGACAAAT
ATCAAGACGGAGGAGATCTCTGAAGTGAAGATGGATGCAGAATTCCGACATGACTCAGGA
TATGAAGTTCATCATCAAAAATTGGTGTTCTTTGCAGAAGATGTGGGTTCAAACAAAGGT
GCAATCATTGGACTCATGGTGGGCGGTGTTGTCATAGCGACAGTGATCGTCATCACCTTG
GTGATGCTGAAGAAGAAACAGTACACATCCATTCATCATGGTGTGGTGGAGGTTGACGCC
GCTGTCACCCCAGAGGAGCGCCACCTGTCCAAGATGCAGCAGAACGGCTACGAAAATCCA
ACCTACAAGTTCTTTGAGCAGATGCAGAACTAG
Enzyme 99 GenBank Gene ID NM_000484.3 Link Image
Enzyme 99 GeneCard ID APP Link Image
Enzyme 99 GenAtlas ID APP Link Image
Enzyme 99 HGNC ID HGNC:620 Link Image
Enzyme 99 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 99 Locus 21q21.2|21q21.3
Enzyme 99 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 99 General References
  1. Kang J, Lemaire HG, Unterbeck A, Salbaum JM, Masters CL, Grzeschik KH, Multhaup G, Beyreuther K, Muller-Hill B: The precursor of Alzheimer's disease amyloid A4 protein resembles a cell-surface receptor. Nature. 1987 Feb 19-25;325(6106):733-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ponte P, Gonzalez-DeWhitt P, Schilling J, Miller J, Hsu D, Greenberg B, Davis K, Wallace W, Lieberburg I, Fuller F: A new A4 amyloid mRNA contains a domain homologous to serine proteinase inhibitors. Nature. 1988 Feb 11;331(6156):525-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Lemaire HG, Salbaum JM, Multhaup G, Kang J, Bayney RM, Unterbeck A, Beyreuther K, Muller-Hill B: The PreA4(695) precursor protein of Alzheimer's disease A4 amyloid is encoded by 16 exons. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jan 25;17(2):517-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Yoshikai S, Sasaki H, Doh-ura K, Furuya H, Sakaki Y: Genomic organization of the human amyloid beta-protein precursor gene. Gene. 1990 Mar 15;87(2):257-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Yoshikai S, Sasaki H, Doh-ura K, Furuya H, Sakaki Y: Genomic organization of the human-amyloid beta-protein precursor gene. Gene. 1991 Jun 30;102(2):291-2. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Konig G, Monning U, Czech C, Prior R, Banati R, Schreiter-Gasser U, Bauer J, Masters CL, Beyreuther K: Identification and differential expression of a novel alternative splice isoform of the beta A4 amyloid precursor protein (APP) mRNA in leukocytes and brain microglial cells. J Biol Chem. 1992 May 25;267(15):10804-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Hattori M, Tsukahara F, Furuhata Y, Tanahashi H, Hirose M, Saito M, Tsukuni S, Sakaki Y: A novel method for making nested deletions and its application for sequencing of a 300 kb region of human APP locus. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 May 1;25(9):1802-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Tang K, Wang C, Shen C, Sheng S, Ravid R, Jing N: Identification of a novel alternative splicing isoform of human amyloid precursor protein gene, APP639. Eur J Neurosci. 2003 Jul;18(1):102-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Mita S, Sadlock J, Herbert J, Schon EA: A cDNA specifying the human amyloid beta precursor protein (ABPP) encodes a 95-kDa polypeptide. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Oct 11;16(19):9351. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. La Fauci G, Lahiri DK, Salton SR, Robakis NK: Characterization of the 5'-end region and the first two exons of the beta-protein precursor gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Feb 28;159(1):297-304. [PubMed Link Image]
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  112. Kamino K, Orr HT, Payami H, Wijsman EM, Alonso ME, Pulst SM, Anderson L, O'dahl S, Nemens E, White JA, et al.: Linkage and mutational analysis of familial Alzheimer disease kindreds for the APP gene region. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Nov;51(5):998-1014. [PubMed Link Image]
  113. Hendriks L, van Duijn CM, Cras P, Cruts M, Van Hul W, van Harskamp F, Warren A, McInnis MG, Antonarakis SE, Martin JJ, et al.: Presenile dementia and cerebral haemorrhage linked to a mutation at codon 692 of the beta-amyloid precursor protein gene. Nat Genet. 1992 Jun;1(3):218-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  114. Mullan M, Crawford F, Axelman K, Houlden H, Lilius L, Winblad B, Lannfelt L: A pathogenic mutation for probable Alzheimer's disease in the APP gene at the N-terminus of beta-amyloid. Nat Genet. 1992 Aug;1(5):345-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  115. Jones CT, Morris S, Yates CM, Moffoot A, Sharpe C, Brock DJ, St Clair D: Mutation in codon 713 of the beta amyloid precursor protein gene presenting with schizophrenia. Nat Genet. 1992 Jul;1(4):306-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  116. Carter DA, Desmarais E, Bellis M, Campion D, Clerget-Darpoux F, Brice A, Agid Y, Jaillard-Serradt A, Mallet J: More missense in amyloid gene. Nat Genet. 1992 Dec;2(4):255-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  117. Liepnieks JJ, Ghetti B, Farlow M, Roses AD, Benson MD: Characterization of amyloid fibril beta-peptide in familial Alzheimer's disease with APP717 mutations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Dec 15;197(2):386-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  118. Peacock ML, Murman DL, Sima AA, Warren JT Jr, Roses AD, Fink JK: Novel amyloid precursor protein gene mutation (codon 665Asp) in a patient with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol. 1994 Apr;35(4):432-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  119. Farlow M, Murrell J, Ghetti B, Unverzagt F, Zeldenrust S, Benson M: Clinical characteristics in a kindred with early-onset Alzheimer's disease and their linkage to a G-->T change at position 2149 of the amyloid precursor protein gene. Neurology. 1994 Jan;44(1):105-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  120. Brooks WS, Martins RN, De Voecht J, Nicholson GA, Schofield PR, Kwok JB, Fisher C, Yeung LU, Van Broeckhoven C: A mutation in codon 717 of the amyloid precursor protein gene in an Australian family with Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett. 1995 Oct 27;199(3):183-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  121. Eckman CB, Mehta ND, Crook R, Perez-tur J, Prihar G, Pfeiffer E, Graff-Radford N, Hinder P, Yager D, Zenk B, Refolo LM, Prada CM, Younkin SG, Hutton M, Hardy J: A new pathogenic mutation in the APP gene (I716V) increases the relative proportion of A beta 42(43). Hum Mol Genet. 1997 Nov;6(12):2087-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  122. Cras P, van Harskamp F, Hendriks L, Ceuterick C, van Duijn CM, Stefanko SZ, Hofman A, Kros JM, Van Broeckhoven C, Martin JJ: Presenile Alzheimer dementia characterized by amyloid angiopathy and large amyloid core type senile plaques in the APP 692Ala-->Gly mutation. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 1998 Sep;96(3):253-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  123. Ancolio K, Dumanchin C, Barelli H, Warter JM, Brice A, Campion D, Frebourg T, Checler F: Unusual phenotypic alteration of beta amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP) maturation by a new Val-715 --> Met betaAPP-770 mutation responsible for probable early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 30;96(7):4119-24. [PubMed Link Image]
  124. Finckh U, Muller-Thomsen T, Mann U, Eggers C, Marksteiner J, Meins W, Binetti G, Alberici A, Hock C, Nitsch RM, Gal A: High prevalence of pathogenic mutations in patients with early-onset dementia detected by sequence analyses of four different genes. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Jan;66(1):110-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  125. Kwok JB, Li QX, Hallupp M, Whyte S, Ames D, Beyreuther K, Masters CL, Schofield PR: Novel Leu723Pro amyloid precursor protein mutation increases amyloid beta42(43) peptide levels and induces apoptosis. Ann Neurol. 2000 Feb;47(2):249-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  126. Murrell JR, Hake AM, Quaid KA, Farlow MR, Ghetti B: Early-onset Alzheimer disease caused by a new mutation (V717L) in the amyloid precursor protein gene. Arch Neurol. 2000 Jun;57(6):885-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  127. Kumar-Singh S, De Jonghe C, Cruts M, Kleinert R, Wang R, Mercken M, De Strooper B, Vanderstichele H, Lofgren A, Vanderhoeven I, Backhovens H, Vanmechelen E, Kroisel PM, Van Broeckhoven C: Nonfibrillar diffuse amyloid deposition due to a gamma(42)-secretase site mutation points to an essential role for N-truncated A beta(42) in Alzheimer's disease. Hum Mol Genet. 2000 Nov 1;9(18):2589-98. [PubMed Link Image]
  128. Grabowski TJ, Cho HS, Vonsattel JP, Rebeck GW, Greenberg SM: Novel amyloid precursor protein mutation in an Iowa family with dementia and severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Ann Neurol. 2001 Jun;49(6):697-705. [PubMed Link Image]
  129. Walsh DM, Hartley DM, Condron MM, Selkoe DJ, Teplow DB: In vitro studies of amyloid beta-protein fibril assembly and toxicity provide clues to the aetiology of Flemish variant (Ala692-->Gly) Alzheimer's disease. Biochem J. 2001 May 1;355(Pt 3):869-77. [PubMed Link Image]
  130. Nilsberth C, Westlind-Danielsson A, Eckman CB, Condron MM, Axelman K, Forsell C, Stenh C, Luthman J, Teplow DB, Younkin SG, Naslund J, Lannfelt L: The 'Arctic' APP mutation (E693G) causes Alzheimer's disease by enhanced Abeta protofibril formation. Nat Neurosci. 2001 Sep;4(9):887-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  131. Pasalar P, Najmabadi H, Noorian AR, Moghimi B, Jannati A, Soltanzadeh A, Krefft T, Crook R, Hardy J: An Iranian family with Alzheimer's disease caused by a novel APP mutation (Thr714Ala). Neurology. 2002 May 28;58(10):1574-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  132. Greenberg SM, Shin Y, Grabowski TJ, Cooper GE, Rebeck GW, Iglesias S, Chapon F, Tournier-Lasserve E, Baron JC: Hemorrhagic stroke associated with the Iowa amyloid precursor protein mutation. Neurology. 2003 Mar 25;60(6):1020-2. [PubMed Link Image]
  133. Rossi G, Giaccone G, Maletta R, Morbin M, Capobianco R, Mangieri M, Giovagnoli AR, Bizzi A, Tomaino C, Perri M, Di Natale M, Tagliavini F, Bugiani O, Bruni AC: A family with Alzheimer disease and strokes associated with A713T mutation of the APP gene. Neurology. 2004 Sep 14;63(5):910-2. [PubMed Link Image]
  134. Obici L, Demarchi A, de Rosa G, Bellotti V, Marciano S, Donadei S, Arbustini E, Palladini G, Diegoli M, Genovese E, Ferrari G, Coverlizza S, Merlini G: A novel AbetaPP mutation exclusively associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Ann Neurol. 2005 Oct;58(4):639-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  135. Edwards-Lee T, Ringman JM, Chung J, Werner J, Morgan A, St George Hyslop P, Thompson P, Dutton R, Mlikotic A, Rogaeva E, Hardy J: An African American family with early-onset Alzheimer disease and an APP (T714I) mutation. Neurology. 2005 Jan 25;64(2):377-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 99 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 100 [top]
Enzyme 100 ID 7478
Enzyme 100 Name Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta
Enzyme 100 Synonyms
  1. Beta-ETF
Enzyme 100 Gene Name ETFB
Enzyme 100 Protein Sequence >Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta
MAELRVLVAVKRVIDYAVKIRVKPDRTGVVTDGVKHSMNPFCEIAVEEAVRLKEKKLVKE
VIAVSCGPAQCQETIRTALAMGADRGIHVEVPPAEAERLGPLQVARVLAKLAEKEKVDLV
LLGKQAIDDDCNQTGQMTAGFLDWPQGTFASQVTLEGDKLKVEREIDGGLETLRLKLPAV
VTADLRLNEPRYATLPNIMKAKKKKIEVIKPGDLGVDLTSKLSVISVEDPPQRTAGVKVE
TTEDLVAKLKEIGRI
Enzyme 100 Number of Residues 255
Enzyme 100 Molecular Weight 27843.4
Enzyme 100 Theoretical pI 8.31
Enzyme 100 GO Classification
Function
  • electron carrier activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 100 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Enzyme 100 Specific Function The electron transfer flavoprotein serves as a specific electron acceptor for several dehydrogenases, including five acyl- CoA dehydrogenases, glutaryl-CoA and sarcosine dehydrogenase. It transfers the electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase)
Enzyme 100 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 100 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 100 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 100 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 100 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 100 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 100 GenBank ID Protein 4503609 Link Image
Enzyme 100 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P38117 Link Image
Enzyme 100 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ETFB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 100 PDB ID 1T9G Link Image
Enzyme 100 PDB File Show
Enzyme 100 3D Structure
Enzyme 100 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 100 Gene Sequence >768 bp
ATGGCGGAGCTGCGCGTGCTCGTAGCTGTCAAGAGGGTCATCGACTACGCCGTGAAGATC
CGAGTGAAGCCTGACAGGACCGGTGTGGTCACGGATGGTGTGAAGCACTCCATGAACCCC
TTCTGTGAGATCGCGGTGGAGGAGGCTGTGCGGCTCAAGGAGAAGAAGCTGGTGAAGGAG
GTCATCGCCGTCAGCTGTGGGCCTGCACAGTGCCAGGAGACGATTCGTACCGCCCTGGCC
ATGGGTGCAGACCGAGGTATCCACGTGGAGGTGCCCCCAGCAGAAGCAGAACGCTTGGGT
CCCCTGCAGGTGGCTCGGGTCCTGGCCAAGCTGGCAGAGAAGGAGAAGGTGGACCTGGTG
CTGCTGGGCAAACAGGCCATCGATGATGACTGTAACCAGACAGGGCAGATGACAGCTGGA
TTTCTTGACTGGCCACAGGGCACATTCGCCTCCCAGGTGACGCTGGAGGGGGACAAGTTG
AAAGTGGAGCGGGAGATCGATGGGGGCCTGGAGACCCTGCGCCTGAAGCTGCCAGCTGTG
GTGACAGCTGACCTGAGGCTCAACGAGCCCCGCTACGCCACGCTGCCCAACATCATGAAA
GCCAAGAAGAAGAAGATCGAGGTGATCAAGCCTGGGGACCTGGGTGTGGACCTGACCTCC
AAGCTCTCTGTGATCAGTGTGGAGGACCCGCCCCAGCGCACGGCCGGCGTCAAGGTGGAG
ACCACTGAGGACCTGGTGGCCAAGCTGAAGGAGATTGGGCGGATTTGA
Enzyme 100 GenBank Gene ID NM_001985.2 Link Image
Enzyme 100 GeneCard ID ETFB Link Image
Enzyme 100 GenAtlas ID ETFB Link Image
Enzyme 100 HGNC ID HGNC:3482 Link Image
Enzyme 100 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 100 Locus 19q13.3
Enzyme 100 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 100 General References
  1. Finocchiaro G, Colombo I, Garavaglia B, Gellera C, Valdameri G, Garbuglio N, Didonato S: cDNA cloning and mitochondrial import of the beta-subunit of the human electron-transfer flavoprotein. Eur J Biochem. 1993 May 1;213(3):1003-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Olsen RK, Andresen BS, Christensen E, Bross P, Skovby F, Gregersen N: Clear relationship between ETF/ETFDH genotype and phenotype in patients with multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency. Hum Mutat. 2003 Jul;22(1):12-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Wan D, Gong Y, Qin W, Zhang P, Li J, Wei L, Zhou X, Li H, Qiu X, Zhong F, He L, Yu J, Yao G, Jiang H, Qian L, Yu Y, Shu H, Chen X, Xu H, Guo M, Pan Z, Chen Y, Ge C, Yang S, Gu J: Large-scale cDNA transfection screening for genes related to cancer development and progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 2;101(44):15724-9. Epub 2004 Oct 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Colombo I, Finocchiaro G, Garavaglia B, Garbuglio N, Yamaguchi S, Frerman FE, Berra B, DiDonato S: Mutations and polymorphisms of the gene encoding the beta-subunit of the electron transfer flavoprotein in three patients with glutaric acidemia type II. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Mar;3(3):429-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Roberts DL, Frerman FE, Kim JJ: Three-dimensional structure of human electron transfer flavoprotein to 2.1-A resolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Dec 10;93(25):14355-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Bross P, Pedersen P, Winter V, Nyholm M, Johansen BN, Olsen RK, Corydon MJ, Andresen BS, Eiberg H, Kolvraa S, Gregersen N: A polymorphic variant in the human electron transfer flavoprotein alpha-chain (alpha-T171) displays decreased thermal stability and is overrepresented in very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-deficient patients with mild childhood presentation. Mol Genet Metab. 1999 Jun;67(2):138-47. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 100 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 101 [top]
Enzyme 101 ID 7521
Enzyme 101 Name Proline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 101 Synonyms
  1. Proline oxidase
  2. Proline oxidase 2
  3. p53-induced gene 6 protein
Enzyme 101 Gene Name PRODH
Enzyme 101 Protein Sequence >Proline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MLEFVMREWKKSRKLLGQRLFNKLMKMTFYGHFVAGEDQESIQPLLRHYRAFGVSAILDY
GVEEDLSPEEAEHKEMESCTSAAERDGSGTNKRDKQYQAHRAFGDRRNGVISARTYFYAN
EAKCDSHMETFLRCIEASGRVSDDGFIAIKLTALGRPQFLLQFSEVLAKWRCFFHQMAVE
QGQAGLAAMDTKLEVAVLQESVAKLGIASRAEIEDWFTAETLGVSGTMDLLDWSSLIDSR
TKLSKHLVVPNAQTGQLEPLLSRFTEEEELQMTRMLQRMDVLAKKATEMGVRLMVDAEQT
YFQPAISRLTLEMQRKFNVEKPLIFNTYQCYLKDAYDNVTLDVELARREGWCFGAKLVRG
AYLAQERARAAEIGYEDPINPTYEATNAMYHRCLDYVLEELKHNAKAKVMVASHNEDTVR
FALRRMEELGLHPADHQVYFGQLLGMCDQISFPLGQAGYPVYKYVPYGPVMEVLPYLSRR
ALENSSLMKGTHRERQLLWLELLRRLRTGNLFHRPA
Enzyme 101 Number of Residues 516
Enzyme 101 Molecular Weight 59230.4
Enzyme 101 Theoretical pI 6.88
Enzyme 101 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors
  • proline dehydrogenase activity
Process
  • cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
  • cellular amino acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • glutamate biosynthetic process
  • glutamate metabolic process
  • glutamine family amino acid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • proline catabolic process
  • proline metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 101 General Function Involved in proline dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 101 Specific Function Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate
Enzyme 101 Pathways
Enzyme 101 Reactions
  • L-proline + acceptor = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + reduced acceptor [RN:R01253]
Enzyme 101 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 101 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 101 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 101 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 101 GenBank ID Protein 2677802 Link Image
Enzyme 101 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O43272 Link Image
Enzyme 101 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PROD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 101 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 101 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 101 Gene Sequence >1551 bp
ATGCTGGAATTTGTGATGAGAGAGTGGAAAAAATCCAGGAAACTTCTAGGACAGAGGCTA
TTCAACAAGCTCATGAAGATGACCTTCTATGGGCATTTTGTAGCCGGGGAGGACCAGGAG
TCCATCCAGCCCCTGCTTCGGCACTACAGGGCCTTCGGTGTCAGCGCCATCCTGGACTAT
GGAGTGGAGGAGGACCTGAGCCCCGAGGAGGCAGAGCACAAGGAGATGGAGTCCTGCTCC
TCGGCTGCGGAGAGGGATGGCAGTGGCACGAATAAGCGGGACAAGCAATACCAGGCCCAC
CGGGCTTTCGGGGACCGCAGGAATGGTGTCATCAGTGCCCGCACCTACTTCTACGCCAAT
GAGGCCAAGTGCGACAGCCACATGGAGACATTCTTGCGCTGCATCGAAGCCTCAGGTAGA
GTCAGCGATGACGGCTTCATAGCCATTAAGCTCACAGCACTGGGGAGACCCCAGTTTCTG
CTGCAGTTCTCAGAGGTGCTGGCCAAGTGGAGGTGCTTCTTTCACCAAATGGCTGTGGAG
CAAGGGCAGGCGGGCCTGGCTGCCATGGACACCAAGCTGGAGGTGGCGGTGCTGCAGGAA
AGTGTCGCAAAGTTGGGCATCGCATCCAGGGCTGAGATTGAGGACTGGTTCACGGCAGAG
ACCCTGGGAGTGTCTGGCACCATGGACCTGCTGGACTGGAGCAGCCTCATCGACAGCAGG
ACCAAGCTGTCCAAGCACCTGGTAGTCCCCAACGCACAGACAGGACAGCTGGAGCCCCTG
CTGTCCCGGTTCACTGAGGAGGAGGAGCTACAGATGACCAGGATGCTACAGCGGATGGAT
GTCCTGGCCAAGAAAGCCACAGAGATGGGCGTGCGGCTGATGGTGGATGCCGAGCAGACC
TACTTCCAGCCGGCCATCAGCCGCCTGACGCTGGAGATGCAGCGGAAGTTCAATGTGGAG
AAGCCGCTCATCTTCAACACATACCAGTGCTACCTCAAGGATGCCTATGACAATGTGACC
CTGGACGTGGAGCTGGCTCGCCGTGAGGGCTGGTGTTTTGGGGCCAAGCTGGTGCGGGGC
GCATACCTGGCCCAGGAGCGAGCCCGTGCGGCAGAGATCGGCTATGAGGACCCCATCAAC
CCCACGTACGAGGCCACCAACGCCATGTACCACAGGTGCCTGGACTACGTGTTGGAGGAG
CTGAAGCACAACGCCAAGGCCAAGGTGATGGTGGCCTCCCACAATGAGGACACAGTGCGC
TTCGCACTGCGCAGGATGGAGGAGCTGGGCCTGCATCCTGCTGACCACCAGGTGTACTTT
GGACAGCTGCTAGGCATGTGTGACCAGATCAGCTTCCCGCTGGGCCAGGCCGGCTACCCC
GTGTACAAGTACGTGCCCTATGGCCCCGTGATGGAGGTGCTGCCCTACTTGTCCCGCCGT
GCCCTGGAGAACAGCAGCCTCATGAAGGGCACCCATCGGGAGCGGCAGTTGCTGTGGCTG
GAGCTCTTGAGGCGGCTCCGAACTGGCAACCTCTTCCATCGCCCTGCCTAG
Enzyme 101 GenBank Gene ID U82381 Link Image
Enzyme 101 GeneCard ID PRODH Link Image
Enzyme 101 GenAtlas ID PRODH Link Image
Enzyme 101 HGNC ID HGNC:9453 Link Image
Enzyme 101 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 101 Locus 22q11.21
Enzyme 101 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 101 General References
  1. Campbell HD, Webb GC, Young IG: A human homologue of the Drosophila melanogaster sluggish-A (proline oxidase) gene maps to 22q11.2, and is a candidate gene for type-I hyperprolinaemia. Hum Genet. 1997 Nov;101(1):69-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gogos JA, Santha M, Takacs Z, Beck KD, Luine V, Lucas LR, Nadler JV, Karayiorgou M: The gene encoding proline dehydrogenase modulates sensorimotor gating in mice. Nat Genet. 1999 Apr;21(4):434-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Bender HU, Almashanu S, Steel G, Hu CA, Lin WW, Willis A, Pulver A, Valle D: Functional consequences of PRODH missense mutations. Am J Hum Genet. 2005 Mar;76(3):409-20. Epub 2005 Jan 20. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Polyak K, Xia Y, Zweier JL, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B: A model for p53-induced apoptosis. Nature. 1997 Sep 18;389(6648):300-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Jacquet H, Raux G, Thibaut F, Hecketsweiler B, Houy E, Demilly C, Haouzir S, Allio G, Fouldrin G, Drouin V, Bou J, Petit M, Campion D, Frebourg T: PRODH mutations and hyperprolinemia in a subset of schizophrenic patients. Hum Mol Genet. 2002 Sep 15;11(19):2243-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Liu H, Heath SC, Sobin C, Roos JL, Galke BL, Blundell ML, Lenane M, Robertson B, Wijsman EM, Rapoport JL, Gogos JA, Karayiorgou M: Genetic variation at the 22q11 PRODH2/DGCR6 locus presents an unusual pattern and increases susceptibility to schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Mar 19;99(6):3717-22. Epub 2002 Mar 12. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Raux G, Bumsel E, Hecketsweiler B, van Amelsvoort T, Zinkstok J, Manouvrier-Hanu S, Fantini C, Breviere GM, Di Rosa G, Pustorino G, Vogels A, Swillen A, Legallic S, Bou J, Opolczynski G, Drouin-Garraud V, Lemarchand M, Philip N, Gerard-Desplanches A, Carlier M, Philippe A, Nolen MC, Heron D, Sarda P, Lacombe D, Coizet C, Alembik Y, Layet V, Afenjar A, Hannequin D, Demily C, Petit M, Thibaut F, Frebourg T, Campion D: Involvement of hyperprolinemia in cognitive and psychiatric features of the 22q11 deletion syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 2007 Jan 1;16(1):83-91. Epub 2006 Nov 29. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 101 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 102 [top]
Enzyme 102 ID 7925
Enzyme 102 Name D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 102 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 102 Gene Name D2HGDH
Enzyme 102 Protein Sequence >D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MLPRRPLAWPAWLLRGAPGAAGSWGRPVGPLARRGCCSAPGTPEVPLTRERYPVRRLPFS
TVSKQDLAAFERIVPGGVVTDPEALQAPNVDWLRTLRGCSKVLLRPRTSEEVSHILRHCH
ERNLAVNPQGGNTGMVGGSVPVFDEIILSTARMNRVLSFHSVSGILVCQAGCVLEELSRY
VEERDFIMPLDLGAKGSCHIGGNVATNAGGLRFLRYGSLHGTVLGLEVVLADGTVLDCLT
SLRKDNTGYDLKQLFIGSEGTLGIITTVSILCPPKPRAVNVAFLGCPGFAEVLQTFSTCK
GMLGEILSAFEFMDAVCMQLVGRHLHLASPVQESPFYVLIETSGSNAGHDAEKLGHFLEH
ALGSGLVTDGTMATDQRKVKMLWALRERITEALSRDGYVYKYDLSLPVERLYDIVTDLRA
RLGPHAKHVVGYGHLGDGNLHLNVTAEAFSPSLLAALEPHVYEWTAGQQGSVSAEHGVGF
RKRDVLGYSKPPGALQLMQQLKALLDPKGILNPYKTLPSQA
Enzyme 102 Number of Residues 521
Enzyme 102 Molecular Weight 56415.6
Enzyme 102 Theoretical pI 8.05
Enzyme 102 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 102 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 102 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidation of D-2-hydroxyglutarate to alpha-ketoglutarate
Enzyme 102 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 102 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 102 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 102 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 102 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 102 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 102 GenBank ID Protein 34192567 Link Image
Enzyme 102 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8N465 Link Image
Enzyme 102 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name D2HDH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 102 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 102 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 102 Gene Sequence >1566 bp
ATGCTGCCCCGTCGGCCTCTGGCGTGGCCCGCGTGGCTGTTGCGGGGTGCTCCGGGAGCC
GCGGGTTCTTGGGGTCGGCCGGTTGGCCCCCTGGCCCGCAGAGGCTGCTGCTCCGCCCCG
GGGACCCCCGAGGTGCCGCTGACCCGGGAGCGCTACCCCGTGCAGCGCTTGCCGTTCTCC
ACGGTGTCTAAGCAGGACCTGGCCGCCTTTGAGCGCATCGTGCCCGGCGGGGTCGTCACG
GACCCGGAAGCGCTGCAGGCTCCCAACGTGGACTGGTTGCGGACGCTGCGAGGCTGTAGC
AAGGTGCTGCTGAGGCCACGGACGTCGGAGGAGGTGTCCCACATCCTCAGGCACTGCCAC
GAGAGGAACCTGGCCGTGAACCCACAGGGGGGCAACACAGGCATGGTGGGTGGCAGCGTC
CCCGTCTTTGACGAGATCATCCTCTCCACTGCCCGCATGAACCGGGTCCTCAGCTTCCAC
AGCGTGTCTGGAATTCTGGTTTGCCAGGCGGGCTGCGTCCTGGAGGAGCTGAGCCGGTAT
GTGGAGGAACGGGACTTCATCATGCCGCTGGACTTAGGAGCCAAGGGCAGCTGCCACATC
GGGGGAAACGTGGCAACCAACGCTGGAGGCCTGCGGTTTCTTCGATATGGCTCACTGCAT
GGGACTGTCCTGGGCCTGGAAGTGGTGCTGGCCGACGGCACTGTCCTGGACTGCCTGACC
TCCCTGAGGAAGGACAACACGGGCTATGACCTGAAGCAGCTGTTCATCGGGTCGGAGGGC
ACTTTGGGGATCATCACCACGGTGTCCATCTTGTGTCCACCCAAGCCCAGGGCTGTGAAC
GTGGCTTTCCTCGGCTGCCCAGGCTTTGCTGAGGTTCTGCAGACCTTCAGCACCTGCAAG
GGGATGCTGGGTGAGATCCTGTCTGCATTCGAGTTCATGGATGCTGTGTGCATGCAGCTG
GTCGGGCGCCATCTCCACCTGGCCAGCCCGGTGCAAGAGAGTCCGTTTTACGTCCTCATC
GAGACTTCAGGCTCCAACGCAGGCCATGACGCTGAGAAGCTGGGCCACTTCCTGGAGCAC
GCGCTGGGCTCCGGCCTGGTGACCGATGGGACCATGGCCACCGACCAGAGGAAAGTCAAG
ATGCTGTGGGCCCTGAGGGAAAGGATCACAGAGGCGCTGAGCCGGGATGGCTACGTGTAC
AAGTACGACCTCTCCCTCCCTGTGGAGCGGCTCTACGACATCGTGACTGACCTGCGCGCC
CGCCTCGGCCCGCACGCCAAGCACGTGGTGGGCTATGGCCACCTTGGAGATGGTAACCTG
CACCTCAATGTGACGGCGGAGGCCTTCAGCCCCTCGCTCCTGGCTGCCCTGGAGCCCCAC
GTGTACGAGTGGACGGCCGGGCAGCAGGGCAGCGTCAGCGCGGAGCACGGAGTGGGCTTC
AGGAAGAGGGACGTCCTGGGCTACAGCAAGCCACCGGGGGCCCTGCAGCTCATGCAGCAG
CTCAAGGCCCTGCTGGACCCCAAGGGCATCCTCAACCCCTACAAGACGCTGCCCAGCCAG
GCCTGA
Enzyme 102 GenBank Gene ID BC036604 Link Image
Enzyme 102 GeneCard ID D2HGDH Link Image
Enzyme 102 GenAtlas ID D2HGDH Link Image
Enzyme 102 HGNC ID HGNC:28358 Link Image
Enzyme 102 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 102 Locus 2q37.3
Enzyme 102 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 102 General References
  1. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Achouri Y, Noel G, Vertommen D, Rider MH, Veiga-Da-Cunha M, Van Schaftingen E: Identification of a dehydrogenase acting on D-2-hydroxyglutarate. Biochem J. 2004 Jul 1;381(Pt 1):35-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Struys EA, Salomons GS, Achouri Y, Van Schaftingen E, Grosso S, Craigen WJ, Verhoeven NM, Jakobs C: Mutations in the D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase gene cause D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. Am J Hum Genet. 2005 Feb;76(2):358-60. Epub 2004 Dec 17. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Struys EA, Korman SH, Salomons GS, Darmin PS, Achouri Y, van Schaftingen E, Verhoeven NM, Jakobs C: Mutations in phenotypically mild D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. Ann Neurol. 2005 Oct;58(4):626-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Misra VK, Struys EA, O'brien W, Salomons GS, Glover T, Jakobs C, Innis JW: Phenotypic heterogeneity in the presentation of D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria in monozygotic twins. Mol Genet Metab. 2005 Sep-Oct;86(1-2):200-5. Epub 2005 Aug 2. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Struys EA, Verhoeven NM, Salomons GS, Berthelot J, Vianay-Saban C, Chabrier S, Thomas JA, Tsai AC, Gibson KM, Jakobs C: D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria in three patients with proven SSADH deficiency: genetic coincidence or a related biochemical epiphenomenon? Mol Genet Metab. 2006 May;88(1):53-7. Epub 2006 Jan 25. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 102 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 103 [top]
Enzyme 103 ID 7987
Enzyme 103 Name L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 103 Synonyms
  1. Duranin
Enzyme 103 Gene Name L2HGDH
Enzyme 103 Protein Sequence >L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MVPALRYLVGACGRARGRFAGGSPGACGFASGRPRPLCGGSRSASTSSFDIVIVGGGIVG
LASARALILRHPSLSIGVLEKEKDLAVHQTGHNSGVIHSGIYYKPESLKAKLCVQGAALL
YEYCQQKGISYKQCGKLIVAVEQEEIPRLQALYEKGLQNGVPGLRLIQQEDIKKKEPYCR
GLMAIDCPHTGIVDYRQVALSFAQDFQEAGGSVLTNFEVKGIEMAKESPSRSIDGMQYPI
VIKNTKGEEIRCQYVVTCAGLYSDRISELSGCTPDPRIVPFRGDYLLLKPEKCYLVKGNI
YPVPDSRFPFLGVHFTPRMDGSIWLGPNAVLAFKREGYRPFDFSATDVMDIIINSGLIKL
ASQNFSYGVTEMYKACFLGATVKYLQKFIPEITISDILRGPAGVRAQALDRDGNLVEDFV
FDAGVGDIGNRILHVRNAPSPAATSSIAISGMIADEVQQRFEL
Enzyme 103 Number of Residues 463
Enzyme 103 Molecular Weight 50358.6
Enzyme 103 Theoretical pI 8.34
Enzyme 103 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 103 General Function Involved in 2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 103 Specific Function (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor = 2- oxoglutarate + reduced acceptor
Enzyme 103 Pathways
Enzyme 103 Reactions
  • (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor = 2-oxoglutarate + reduced acceptor [RN:R00298]
Enzyme 103 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 103 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 103 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 103 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 103 GenBank ID Protein 10434215 Link Image
Enzyme 103 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9H9P8 Link Image
Enzyme 103 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name L2HDH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 103 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 103 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 103 Gene Sequence >1392 bp
ATGGTGCCAGCGCTGCGTTATTTGGTTGGTGCCTGCGGACGGGCCCGCGGGCTTTTCGCC
GGTGGCTCCCCTGGGGCGTGCGGGTTCGCGTCTGGGAGGCCAAGACCGCTGTGTGGAGGT
AGCCGCAGCGCCAGCACCAGCTCATTTGATATAGTCATCGTTGGTGGCGGAATTGTGGGG
CTTGCCTCTGCCAGAGCACTCATCCTGCGACATCCATCACTTTCTATTGGTGTTCTGGAA
AAGGAGAAAGATTTAGCTGTTCACCAGACTGGACATAACAGTGGTGTCATACATAGTGGA
ATTTATTATAAACCTGAGTCTCTGAAAGCCAAATTATGTGTACAAGGTGCAGCCCTCCTC
TATGAGTACTGTCAGCAAAAGGGGATTTCCTACAAGCAGTGTGGCAAGCTTATAGTAGCT
GTTGAACAAGAAGAAATTCCCAGACTTCAGGCCCTATATGAGAAAGGCCTCCAGAATGGT
GTCCCGGGCCTGAGGCTGATCCAGCAGGAGGATATAAAAAAGAAGGAGCCATATTGTAGG
GGTCTAATGGCTATTGATTGTCCACATACTGGCATTGTGGACTATCGGCAGGTGGCTTTG
TCATTTGCCCAGGATTTCCAAGAAGCAGGTGGCTCTGTCTTGACCAATTTTGAAGTAAAA
GGTATTGAAATGGCTAAAGAAAGTCCTTCAAGAAGTATAGATGGAATGCAATATCCAATT
GTTATAAAGAATACAAAGGGAGAGGAAATTCGATGTCAGTATGTTGTGACATGTGCAGGA
CTTTACTCAGACCGTATTTCAGAGTTGAGTGGCTGCACTCCTGATCCTCGAATTGTACCA
TTCCGGGGAGATTACCTGCTTTTGAAGCCAGAAAAATGTTATCTTGTAAAAGGAAATATT
TATCCGGTCCCAGATAGCCGGTTTCCTTTCCTAGGAGTTCACTTCACACCAAGGATGGAT
GGCAGTATTTGGCTAGGGCCTAATGCAGTTCTTGCCTTTAAACGAGAGGGTTACAGACCC
TTTGACTTCAGTGCCACAGATGTTATGGATATAATTATCAATAGTGGCTTGATTAAACTG
GCATCCCAGAATTTTTCCTATGGAGTTACTGAAATGTATAAAGCATGTTTTCTTGGTGCA
ACAGTGAAGTATCTTCAAAAATTCATCCCTGAAATTACTATCAGTGATATACTTAGGGGC
CCAGCTGGAGTAAGAGCCCAGGCCCTGGATAGAGATGGAAATCTGGTAGAAGATTTTGTA
TTTGATGCAGGAGTTGGGGATATTGGAAATCGCATTCTTCATGTGAGAAATGCACCTTCT
CCTGCTGCTACTTCTTCCATTGCAATTTCTGGAATGATTGCAGATGAAGTACAACAAAGA
TTTGAATTATAA
Enzyme 103 GenBank Gene ID AK022680 Link Image
Enzyme 103 GeneCard ID L2HGDH Link Image
Enzyme 103 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 103 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 103 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 103 Locus 14q21.3
Enzyme 103 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 103 General References
  1. Rzem R, Veiga-da-Cunha M, Noel G, Goffette S, Nassogne MC, Tabarki B, Scholler C, Marquardt T, Vikkula M, Van Schaftingen E: A gene encoding a putative FAD-dependent L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase is mutated in L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 30;101(48):16849-54. Epub 2004 Nov 17. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Rzem R, Van Schaftingen E, Veiga-da-Cunha M: The gene mutated in l-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria encodes l-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase. Biochimie. 2006 Jan;88(1):113-6. Epub 2005 Jun 23. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Topcu M, Jobard F, Halliez S, Coskun T, Yalcinkayal C, Gerceker FO, Wanders RJ, Prud'homme JF, Lathrop M, Ozguc M, Fischer J: L-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria: identification of a mutant gene C14orf160, localized on chromosome 14q22.1. Hum Mol Genet. 2004 Nov 15;13(22):2803-11. Epub 2004 Sep 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Vilarinho L, Cardoso ML, Gaspar P, Barbot C, Azevedo L, Diogo L, Santos M, Carrilho I, Fineza I, Kok F, Chorao R, Alegria P, Martins E, Teixeira J, Cabral Fernandes H, Verhoeven NM, Salomons GS, Santorelli FM, Cabral P, Amorim A, Jakobs C: Novel L2HGDH mutations in 21 patients with L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria of Portuguese origin. Hum Mutat. 2005 Oct;26(4):395-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 103 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 104 [top]
Enzyme 104 ID 8105
Enzyme 104 Name Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase
Enzyme 104 Synonyms
  1. Kynurenine 3-hydroxylase
Enzyme 104 Gene Name KMO
Enzyme 104 Protein Sequence >Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase
MDSSVIQRKKVAVIGGGLVGSLQACFLAKRNFQIDVYEAREDTRVATFTRGRSINLALSH
RGRQALKAVGLEDQIVSQGIPMRARMIHSLSGKKSAIPYGTKSQYILSVSRENLNKDLLT
AAEKYPNVKMHFNHRLLKCNPEEGMITVLGSDKVPKDVTCDLIVGCDGAYSTVRSHLMKK
PRFDYSQQYIPHGYMELTIPPKNGDYAMEPNYLHIWPRNTFMMIALPNMNKSFTCTLFMP
FEEFEKLLTSNDVVDFFQKYFPDAIPLIGEKLLVQDFFLLPAQPMISVKCSSFHFKSHCV
LLGDAAHAIVPFFGQGMNAGFEDCLVFDELMDKFSNDLSLCLPVFSRLRIPDDHAISDLS
MYNYIEMRAHVNSSWFIFQKNMERFLHAIMPSTFIPLYTMVTFSRIRYHEAVQRWHWQKK
VINKGLFFLGSLIAISSTYLLIHYMSPRSFLRLRRPWNWIAHFRNTTCFPAKAVDSLEQI
SNLISR
Enzyme 104 Number of Residues 486
Enzyme 104 Molecular Weight 55809.4
Enzyme 104 Theoretical pI 9.34
Enzyme 104 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 104 General Function Involved in monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 104 Specific Function Catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) to form 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (L-3OHKyn). Required for synthesis of quinolinic acid, a neurotoxic NMDA receptor antagonist and potential endogenous inhibitor of NMDA receptor signaling in axonal targeting, synaptogenesis and apoptosis during brain development. Quinolinic acid may also affect NMDA receptor signaling in pancreatic beta cells, osteoblasts, myocardial cells, and the gastrointestinal tract
Enzyme 104 Pathways
Enzyme 104 Reactions
  • L-kynurenine + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R01960]
Enzyme 104 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 104 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 104 Transmembrane Regions
  • 385-404 425-445
Enzyme 104 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 104 GenBank ID Protein 2239124 Link Image
Enzyme 104 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O15229 Link Image
Enzyme 104 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name KMO_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 104 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 104 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 104 Gene Sequence >1461 bp
ATGGACTCATCTGTCATTCAAAGGAAAAAAGTAGCTGTCATTGGTGGTGGCTTGGTTGGC
TCATTACAAGCATGCTTTCTTGCAAAGAGGAATTTCCAGATTGATGTATATGAAGCTAGG
GAAGATACTCGAGTGGCTACCTTCACACGTGGAAGAAGCATTAACTTAGCCCTTTCTCAT
AGAGGACGACAAGCCTTGAAAGCTGTTGGCCTGGAAGATCAGATTGTATCCCAAGGTATT
CCCATGAGAGCAAGAATGATCCACTCTCTTTCAGGAAAAAAGTCTGCAATTCCCTATGGG
ACAAAGTCTCAGTATATTCTTTCTGTAAGCAGAGAAAATCTAAACAAGGATCTATTGACT
GCTGCTGAGAAATACCCCAATGTGAAAATGCACTTTAACCACAGGCTGTTGAAATGTAAT
CCAGAGGAAGGAATGATCACAGTGCTTGGATCTGACAAAGTTCCCAAAGATGTCACTTGT
GACCTCATTGTAGGATGTGATGGAGCCTATTCAACTGTCAGATCTCACCTGATGAAGAAA
CCTCGCTTTGATTACAGTCAGCAGTACATTCCTCATGGGTACATGGAGTTGACTATTCCA
CCTAAGAACGGAGATTATGCCATGGAACCTAATTATCTGCATATTTGGCCTAGAAATACC
TTTATGATGATTGCACTTCCTAACATGAACAAATCATTCACATGTACTTTGTTCATGCCC
TTTGAAGAGTTTGAAAAACTTCTAACCAGTAATGATGTGGTAGATTTCTTCCAGAAATAC
TTTCCGGATGCCATCCCTCTAATTGGAGAGAAACTCCTAGTGCAAGATTTCTTCCTGTTG
CCTGCCCAGCCCATGATATCTGTAAAGTGCTCTTCATTTCACTTTAAATCTCACTGTGTA
CTGCTGGGAGATGCAGCTCATGCTATAGTGCCGTTTTTTGGGCAAGGAATGAATGCGGGC
TTTGAAGACTGCTTGGTATTTGATGAGTTAATGGATAAATTCAGTAACGACCTTAGTTTG
TGTCTTCCTGTGTTCTCAAGATTGAGAATCCCAGATGATCACGCGATTTCAGACCTATCC
ATGTACAATTACATAGAGATGCGAGCACATGTCAACTCAAGCTGGTTCATTTTTCAGAAG
AACATGGAGAGATTTCTTCATGCGATTATGCCATCGACCTTTATCCCTCTCTATACAATG
GTCACTTTTTCCAGAATAAGATACCATGAGGCTGTGCAGCGTTGGCATTGGCAAAAAAAG
GTGATAAACAAAGGACTCTTTTTCTTGGGATCACTGATAGCCATCAGCAGTACCTACCTA
CTTATACACTACATGTCACCACGATCTTTCCTCTGCTTGAGAAGACCATGGAACTGGATA
GCTCACTTCCGGAATACAACATGTTTCCCCGCAAAGGCCGTGGACTCCCTAGAACAAATT
TCCAATCTCATTAGCAGGTGA
Enzyme 104 GenBank Gene ID Y13153 Link Image
Enzyme 104 GeneCard ID KMO Link Image
Enzyme 104 GenAtlas ID KMO Link Image
Enzyme 104 HGNC ID HGNC:6381 Link Image
Enzyme 104 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 104 Locus 1q42-q44
Enzyme 104 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 104 General References
  1. Alberati-Giani D, Cesura AM, Broger C, Warren WD, Rover S, Malherbe P: Cloning and functional expression of human kynurenine 3-monooxygenase. FEBS Lett. 1997 Jun 30;410(2-3):407-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Breton J, Avanzi N, Magagnin S, Covini N, Magistrelli G, Cozzi L, Isacchi A: Functional characterization and mechanism of action of recombinant human kynurenine 3-hydroxylase. Eur J Biochem. 2000 Feb;267(4):1092-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Stone TW, Darlington LG: Endogenous kynurenines as targets for drug discovery and development. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2002 Aug;1(8):609-20. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 104 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 105 [top]
Enzyme 105 ID 8133
Enzyme 105 Name Spermine oxidase
Enzyme 105 Synonyms
  1. Polyamine oxidase 1
  2. PAO-1
  3. PAOh1
Enzyme 105 Gene Name SMOX
Enzyme 105 Protein Sequence >Spermine oxidase
MQSCESSGDSADDPLSRGLRRRGQPRVVVIGAGLAGLAAAKALLEQGFTDVTVLEASSHI
GGRVQSVKLGHATFELGATWIHGSHGNPIYHLAEANGLLEETTDGERSVGRISLYSKNGV
ACYLTNHGRRIPKDVVEEFSDLYNEVYNLTQEFFRHDKPVNAESQNSVGVFTREEVRNRI
RNDPDDPEATKRLKLAMIQQYLKVESCESSSHSMDEVSLSAFGEWTEIPGAHHIIPSGFM
RVVELLAEGIPAHVIQLGKPVRCIHWDQASARPRGPEIEPRGEGDHNHDTGEGGQGGEEP
RGGRWDEDEQWSVVVECEDCELIPADHVIVTVSLGVLKRQYTSFFRPGLPTEKVAAIHRL
GIGTTDKIFLEFEEPFWGPECNSLQFVWEDEAESHTLTYPPELWYRKICGFDVLYPPERY
GHVLSGWICGEEALVMEKCDDEAVAEICTEMLRQFTGNPNIPKPRRILRSAWGSNPYFRG
SYSYTQVGSSGADVEKLAKPLPYTESSKTAPMQVLFSGEATHRKYYSTTHGALLSGQREA
ARLIEMYRDLFQQGT
Enzyme 105 Number of Residues 555
Enzyme 105 Molecular Weight 61818.8
Enzyme 105 Theoretical pI 5.15
Enzyme 105 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 105 General Function Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Enzyme 105 Specific Function Flavoenzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of spermine to spermidine. Can also use N(1)-acetylspermine and spermidine as substrates, with different affinity depending on the isoform (isozyme) and on the experimental conditions. Plays an important role in the regulation of polyamine intracellular concentration and has the potential to act as a determinant of cellular sensitivity to the antitumor polyamine analogs. May contribute to beta-alanine production via aldehyde dehydrogenase conversion of 3-amino-propanal
Enzyme 105 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 105 Reactions
  • spermine + O2 + H2O = spermidine + 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 [RN:R09076]
Enzyme 105 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 105 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 105 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 105 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 105 GenBank ID Protein 28559074 Link Image
Enzyme 105 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NWM0 Link Image
Enzyme 105 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SMOX_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 105 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 105 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 105 Gene Sequence >1668 bp
ATGCAAAGTTGTGAATCCAGTGGTGACAGTGCGGATGACCCTCTCAGTCGCGGCCTACGG
AGAAGGGGACAGCCTCGTGTGGTGGTGATCGGCGCCGGCTTGGCTGGCCTGGCTGCAGCC
AAAGCACTTCTTGAGCAGGGTTTCACGGATGTCACTGTGCTTGAGGCTTCCAGCCACATC
GGAGGCCGTGTGCAGAGTGTGAAACTTGGACACGCCACCTTTGAGCTGGGAGCCACCTGG
ATCCATGGCTCCCATGGGAACCCTATCTATCATCTAGCAGAAGCCAACGGCCTCCTGGAA
GAGACAACCGATGGGGAACGCAGCGTGGGCCGCATCAGCCTCTATTCCAAGAATGGCGTG
GCCTGCTACCTTACCAACCACGGCCGCAGGATCCCCAAGGACGTGGTTGAGGAATTCAGC
GATTTATACAACGAGGTCTATAACTTGACCCAGGAGTTCTTCCGGCACGATAAACCAGTC
AATGCTGAAAGTCAAAATAGCGTGGGGGTGTTCACCCGAGAGGAGGTGCGTAACCGCATC
AGGAATGACCCTGACGACCCAGAGGCTACCAAGCGCCTGAAGCTCGCCATGATCCAGCAG
TACCTGAAGGTGGAGAGCTGTGAGAGCAGCTCACACAGCATGGACGAGGTGTCCCTGAGC
GCCTTCGGGGAGTGGACCGAGATCCCCGGCGCTCACCACATCATCCCCTCGGGCTTCATG
CGGGTTGTGGAGCTGCTGGCGGAGGGCATCCCTGCCCACGTCATCCAGCTAGGGAAACCT
GTCCGCTGCATTCACTGGGACCAGGCCTCAGCCCGCCCCAGAGGCCCTGAGATTGAGCCC
CGGGGTGAGGGCGACCACAATCACGACACTGGGGAGGGTGGCCAGGGTGGAGAGGAGCCC
CGGGGGGGCAGGTGGGATGAGGATGAGCAGTGGTCGGTGGTGGTGGAGTGCGAGGACTGT
GAGCTGATCCCGGCGGACCATGTGATTGTGACCGTGTCGCTAGGTGTGCTAAAGAGGCAG
TACACCAGTTTCTTCCGGCCAGGCCTGCCCACAGAGAAGGTGGCTGCCATCCACCGCCTG
GGCATTGGCACCACCGACAAGATCTTTCTGGAATTCGAGGAGCCCTTCTGGGGCCCTGAG
TGCAACAGCCTACAGTTTGTGTGGGAGGACGAAGCAGAGAGCCACACCCTCACCTACCCA
CCTGAGCTCTGGTACCGCAAGATCTGCGGCTTTGATGTCCTCTACCCGCCTGAGCGCTAC
GGCCATGTGCTGAGCGGCTGGATCTGCGGGGAGGAGGCCCTCGTCATGGAGAAGTGTGAT
GACGAGGCAGTGGCCGAGATCTGCACGGAGATGCTGCGTCAGTTCACAGGGAACCCCAAC
ATTCCAAAACCTCGGCGAATCTTGCGCTCGGCCTGGGGCAGCAACCCTTACTTCCGCGGC
TCCTATTCATACACGCAGGTGGGCTCCAGCGGGGCGGATGTGGAGAAGCTGGCCAAGCCC
CTGCCGTACACAGAGAGCTCAAAGACAGCGCCCATGCAGGTGCTGTTTTCCGGTGAGGCC
ACCCACCGCAAGTACTATTCCACCACCCACGGTGCTCTGCTGTCCGGCCAGCGTGAGGCT
GCCCGCCTCATTGAGATGTACCGAGACCTCTTCCAGCAGGGGACCTGA
Enzyme 105 GenBank Gene ID NM_175839.1 Link Image
Enzyme 105 GeneCard ID SMOX Link Image
Enzyme 105 GenAtlas ID SMOX Link Image
Enzyme 105 HGNC ID HGNC:15862 Link Image
Enzyme 105 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 105 Locus 20p13
Enzyme 105 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 105 General References
  1. Wang Y, Devereux W, Woster PM, Stewart TM, Hacker A, Casero RA Jr: Cloning and characterization of a human polyamine oxidase that is inducible by polyamine analogue exposure. Cancer Res. 2001 Jul 15;61(14):5370-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Murray-Stewart T, Wang Y, Devereux W, Casero RA Jr: Cloning and characterization of multiple human polyamine oxidase splice variants that code for isoenzymes with different biochemical characteristics. Biochem J. 2002 Dec 15;368(Pt 3):673-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Wang Y, Murray-Stewart T, Devereux W, Hacker A, Frydman B, Woster PM, Casero RA Jr: Properties of purified recombinant human polyamine oxidase, PAOh1/SMO. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 May 16;304(4):605-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Vujcic S, Diegelman P, Bacchi CJ, Kramer DL, Porter CW: Identification and characterization of a novel flavin-containing spermine oxidase of mammalian cell origin. Biochem J. 2002 Nov 1;367(Pt 3):665-75. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Seiler N: Catabolism of polyamines. Amino Acids. 2004 Jun;26(3):217-33. Epub 2004 Apr 20. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 105 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 106 [top]
Enzyme 106 ID 8175
Enzyme 106 Name Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial
Enzyme 106 Synonyms
  1. Programmed cell death protein 8
Enzyme 106 Gene Name AIFM1
Enzyme 106 Protein Sequence >Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial
MFRCGGLAAGALKQKLVPLVRTVCVRSPRQRNRLPGNLFQRWHVPLELQMTRQMASSGAS
GGKIDNSVLVLIVGLSTVGAGAYAYKTMKEDEKRYNERISGLGLTPEQKQKKAALSASEG
EEVPQDKAPSHVPFLLIGGGTAAFAAARSIRARDPGARVLIVSEDPELPYMRPPLSKELW
FSDDPNVTKTLRFKQWNGKERSIYFQPPSFYVSAQDLPHIENGGVAVLTGKKVVQLDVRD
NMVKLNDGSQITYEKCLIATGGTPRSLSAIDRAGAEVKSRTTLFRKIGDFRSLEKISREV
KSITIIGGGFLGSELACALGRKARALGTEVIQLFPEKGNMGKILPEYLSNWTMEKVRREG
VKVMPNAIVQSVGVSSGKLLIKLKDGRKVETDHIVAAVGLEPNVELAKTGGLEIDSDFGG
FRVNAELQARSNIWVAGDAACFYDIKLGRRRVEHHDHAVVSGRLAGENMTGAAKPYWHQS
MFWSDLGPDVGYEAIGLVDSSLPTVGVFAKATAQDNPKSATEQSGTGIRSESETESEASE
ITIPPSTPAVPQAPVQGEDYGKGVIFYLRDKVVVGIVLWNIFNRMPIARKIIKDGEQHED
LNEVAKLFNIHED
Enzyme 106 Number of Residues 613
Enzyme 106 Molecular Weight 66900.1
Enzyme 106 Theoretical pI 9.39
Enzyme 106 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • cell redox homeostasis
  • cellular homeostasis
  • cellular process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 106 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 106 Specific Function Probable oxidoreductase that acts as a caspase- independent mitochondrial effector of apoptotic cell death. Extramitochondrial AIF induces nuclear chromatin condensation and large scale DNA fragmentation (in vitro). Binds to DNA in a sequence-independent manner
Enzyme 106 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 106 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 106 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 106 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 106 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 106 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 106 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 106 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95831 Link Image
Enzyme 106 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AIFM1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 106 PDB ID 1M6I Link Image
Enzyme 106 PDB File Show
Enzyme 106 3D Structure
Enzyme 106 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 106 Gene Sequence >1842 bp
ATGTTCCGGTGTGGAGGCCTGGCGGCGGGTGCTTTGAAGCAGAAGCTGGTGCCCTTGGTG
CGGACCGTGTGCGTCCGAAGCCCGAGGCAGAGGAACCGGCTCCCAGGCAACTTGTTCCAG
CGATGGCATGTTCCTCTAGAACTCCAGATGACAAGACAAATGGCTAGCTCTGGTGCATCA
GGGGGCAAAATCGATAATTCTGTGTTAGTCCTTATTGTGGGCTTATCAACAGTAGGAGCT
GGTGCCTATGCCTACAAGACTATGAAAGAGGACGAAAAAAGATACAATGAAAGAATTTCA
GGGTTAGGGCTGACACCAGAACAGAAACAGAAAAAGGCCGCGTTATCTGCTTCAGAAGGA
GAGGAAGTTCCTCAAGACAAGGCGCCAAGTCATGTTCCTTTCCTGCTAATTGGTGGAGGC
ACAGCTGCTTTTGCTGCAGCCAGATCCATCCGGGCTCGGGATCCTGGGGCCAGGGTACTG
ATTGTATCTGAAGATCCTGAGCTGCCGTACATGCGACCTCCTCTTTCAAAAGAACTGTGG
TTTTCAGATGACCCAAATGTCACAAAGACACTGCGATTCAAACAGTGGAATGGAAAAGAG
AGAAGCATATATTTCCAGCCACCTTCTTTCTATGTCTCTGCTCAGGACCTGCCTCATATT
GAGAATGGTGGTGTGGCTGTCCTCACTGGGAAGAAGGTAGTACAGCTGGATGTGAGAGAC
AACATGGTGAAACTTAATGATGGCTCTCAAATAACCTATGAAAAGTGCTTGATTGCAACA
GGAGGTACTCCAAGAAGTCTGTCTGCCATTGATAGGGCTGGAGCAGAGGTGAAGAGTAGA
ACAACGCTTTTCAGAAAGATTGGAGACTTTAGAAGCTTGGAGAAGATTTCACGGGAAGTC
AAATCAATTACGATTATCGGTGGGGGCTTCCTTGGTAGCGAACTGGCCTGTGCTCTTGGC
AGAAAGGCTCGAGCCTTGGGCACAGAAGTGATTCAACTCTTCCCCGAGAAAGGAAATATG
GGAAAGATCCTCCCCGAATACCTCAGCAACTGGACCATGGAAAAAGTCAGACGAGAGGGG
GTTAAGGTGATGCCCAATGCTATTGTGCAATCCGTTGGAGTCAGCAGTGGCAAGTTACTT
ATCAAGCTGAAAGACGGCAGGAAGGTAGAAACTGACCACATAGTGGCAGCTGTGGGCCTG
GAGCCCAATGTTGAGTTGGCCAAGACTGGTGGCCTGGAAATAGACTCAGATTTTGGTGGC
TTCCGGGTAAATGCAGAGCTACAAGCACGCTCTAACATCTGGGTGGCAGGAGATGCTGCA
TGCTTCTACGATATAAAGTTGGGAAGGAGGCGGGTAGAGCACCATGATCACGCTGTTGTG
AGTGGAAGATTGGCTGGAGAAAATATGACTGGAGCTGCTAAGCCGTACTGGCATCAGTCA
ATGTTCTGGAGTGATTTGGGCCCCGATGTTGGCTATGAAGCTATTGGTCTTGTGGACAGT
AGTTTGCCCACAGTTGGTGTTTTTGCAAAAGCAACTGCACAAGACAACCCCAAATCTGCC
ACAGAGCAGTCAGGAACTGGTATCCGATCAGAGAGTGAGACAGAGTCCGAGGCCTCAGAA
ATTACTATTCCTCCCAGCACCCCGGCAGTTCCACAGGCTCCCGTCCAGGGGGAGGACTAC
GGCAAAGGTGTCATCTTCTACCTCAGGGACAAAGTGGTCGTGGGGATTGTGCTATGGAAC
ATCTTTAACCGAATGCCAATAGCAAGGAAGATCATTAAGGACGGTGAGCAGCATGAAGAT
CTCAATGAAGTAGCCAAACTATTCAACATTCATGAAGACTGA
Enzyme 106 GenBank Gene ID AF100928 Link Image
Enzyme 106 GeneCard ID AIFM1 Link Image
Enzyme 106 GenAtlas ID AIFM1 Link Image
Enzyme 106 HGNC ID HGNC:8768 Link Image
Enzyme 106 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 106 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 106 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 106 General References
  1. Susin SA, Lorenzo HK, Zamzami N, Marzo I, Snow BE, Brothers GM, Mangion J, Jacotot E, Costantini P, Loeffler M, Larochette N, Goodlett DR, Aebersold R, Siderovski DP, Penninger JM, Kroemer G: Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature. 1999 Feb 4;397(6718):441-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, Scherer S, McLay K, Muzny D, Platzer M, Howell GR, Burrows C, Bird CP, Frankish A, Lovell FL, Howe KL, Ashurst JL, Fulton RS, Sudbrak R, Wen G, Jones MC, Hurles ME, Andrews TD, Scott CE, Searle S, Ramser J, Whittaker A, Deadman R, Carter NP, Hunt SE, Chen R, Cree A, Gunaratne P, Havlak P, Hodgson A, Metzker ML, Richards S, Scott G, Steffen D, Sodergren E, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Ainscough R, Ambrose KD, Ansari-Lari MA, Aradhya S, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Ballabio A, Banerjee R, Barker GE, Barlow KF, Barrett IP, Bates KN, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Beck A, Bethel G, Blechschmidt K, Brady N, Bray-Allen S, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Brown MJ, Bonnin D, Bruford EA, Buhay C, Burch P, Burford D, Burgess J, Burrill W, Burton J, Bye JM, Carder C, Carrel L, Chako J, Chapman JC, Chavez D, Chen E, Chen G, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chinault C, Ciccodicola A, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Clifford K, Cobley V, Cole CG, Conquer JS, Corby N, Connor RE, David R, Davies J, Davis C, Davis J, Delgado O, Deshazo D, Dhami P, Ding Y, Dinh H, Dodsworth S, Draper H, Dugan-Rocha S, Dunham A, Dunn M, Durbin KJ, Dutta I, Eades T, Ellwood M, Emery-Cohen A, Errington H, Evans KL, Faulkner L, Francis F, Frankland J, Fraser AE, Galgoczy P, Gilbert J, Gill R, Glockner G, Gregory SG, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gu Y, Gwilliam R, Hamilton C, Hart EA, Hawes A, Heath PD, Heitmann K, Hennig S, Hernandez J, Hinzmann B, Ho S, Hoffs M, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hume J, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Isherwood J, Jacob L, Johnson D, Jones S, de Jong PJ, Joseph SS, Keenan S, Kelly S, Kershaw JK, Khan Z, Kioschis P, Klages S, Knights AJ, Kosiura A, Kovar-Smith C, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leversha M, Lewis L, Liu W, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loulseged H, Loveland JE, Lovell JD, Lozado R, Lu J, Lyne R, Ma J, Maheshwari M, Matthews LH, McDowall J, McLaren S, McMurray A, Meidl P, Meitinger T, Milne S, Miner G, Mistry SL, Morgan M, Morris S, Muller I, Mullikin JC, Nguyen N, Nordsiek G, Nyakatura G, O'Dell CN, Okwuonu G, Palmer S, Pandian R, Parker D, Parrish J, Pasternak S, Patel D, Pearce AV, Pearson DM, Pelan SE, Perez L, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Reichwald K, Rhodes S, Ridler KA, Schlessinger D, Schueler MG, Sehra HK, Shaw-Smith C, Shen H, Sheridan EM, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Sotheran EC, Steingruber HE, Steward CA, Storey R, Swann RM, Swarbreck D, Tabor PE, Taudien S, Taylor T, Teague B, Thomas K, Thorpe A, Timms K, Tracey A, Trevanion S, Tromans AC, d'Urso M, Verduzco D, Villasana D, Waldron L, Wall M, Wang Q, Warren J, Warry GL, Wei X, West A, Whitehead SL, Whiteley MN, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams G, Williams L, Williamson A, Williamson H, Wilming L, Woodmansey RL, Wray PW, Yen J, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zoghbi H, Zorilla S, Buck D, Reinhardt R, Poustka A, Rosenthal A, Lehrach H, Meindl A, Minx PJ, Hillier LW, Willard HF, Wilson RK, Waterston RH, Rice CM, Vaudin M, Coulson A, Nelson DL, Weinstock G, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Gibbs RA, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature. 2005 Mar 17;434(7031):325-37. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Daugas E, Nochy D, Ravagnan L, Loeffler M, Susin SA, Zamzami N, Kroemer G: Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF): a ubiquitous mitochondrial oxidoreductase involved in apoptosis. FEBS Lett. 2000 Jul 7;476(3):118-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Wilkinson JC, Wilkinson AS, Galban S, Csomos RA, Duckett CS: Apoptosis-inducing factor is a target for ubiquitination through interaction with XIAP. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Jan;28(1):237-47. Epub 2007 Oct 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Ye H, Cande C, Stephanou NC, Jiang S, Gurbuxani S, Larochette N, Daugas E, Garrido C, Kroemer G, Wu H: DNA binding is required for the apoptogenic action of apoptosis inducing factor. Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Sep;9(9):680-4. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 106 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 107 [top]
Enzyme 107 ID 8242
Enzyme 107 Name Cryptochrome-1
Enzyme 107 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 107 Gene Name CRY1
Enzyme 107 Protein Sequence >Cryptochrome-1
MGVNAVHWFRKGLRLHDNPALKECIQGADTIRCVYILDPWFAGSSNVGINRWRFLLQCLE
DLDANLRKLNSRLFVIRGQPADVFPRLFKEWNITKLSIEYDSEPFGKERDAAIKKLATEA
GVEVIVRISHTLYDLDKIIELNGGQPPLTYKRFQTLISKMEPLEIPVETITSEVIEKCTT
PLSDDHDEKYGVPSLEELGFDTDGLSSAVWPGGETEALTRLERHLERKAWVANFERPRMN
ANSLLASPTGLSPYLRFGCLSCRLFYFKLTDLYKKVKKNSSPPLSLYGQLLWREFFYTAA
TNNPRFDKMEGNPICVQIPWDKNPEALAKWAEGRTGFPWIDAIMTQLRQEGWIHHLARHA
VACFLTRGDLWISWEEGMKVFEELLLDADWSINAGSWMWLSCSSFFQQFFHCYCPVGFGR
RTDPNGDYIRRYLPVLRGFPAKYIYDPWNAPEGIQKVAKCLIGVNYPKPMVNHAEASRLN
IERMKQIYQQLSRYRGLGLLASVPSNPNGNGGFMGYSAENIPGCSSSGSCSQGSGILHYA
HGDSQQTHLLKQGRSSMGTGLSGGKRPSQEEDTQSIGPKVQRQSTN
Enzyme 107 Number of Residues 586
Enzyme 107 Molecular Weight 66394.2
Enzyme 107 Theoretical pI 8.08
Enzyme 107 GO Classification
Function
  • DNA photolyase activity
  • carbon-carbon lyase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • lyase activity
Process
  • DNA metabolic process
  • DNA repair
  • cellular macromolecule metabolic process
  • macromolecule metabolic process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 107 General Function Involved in DNA photolyase activity
Enzyme 107 Specific Function Blue light-dependent regulator of the circadian feedback loop. Inhibits CLOCK|NPAS2-ARNTL E box-mediated transcription. Acts, in conjunction with CRY2, in maintaining period length and circadian rhythmicity. Has no photolyase activity. Capable of translocating circadian clock core proteins such as PER proteins to the nucleus. May inhibit CLOCK|NPAS2-ARNTL transcriptional activity through stabilizing the unphosphorylated form of ARNTL
Enzyme 107 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 107 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 107 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 107 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 107 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 107 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 107 GenBank ID Protein 22539647 Link Image
Enzyme 107 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16526 Link Image
Enzyme 107 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CRY1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 107 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 107 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 107 Gene Sequence >1761 bp
ATGGGGGTGAACGCCGTGCACTGGTTCCGAAAGGGGCTCCGGCTCCACGACAACCCCGCC
CTGAAGGAGTGCATTCAGGGCGCCGACACCATCCGCTGCGTCTACATCCTGGACCCCTGG
TTCGCCGGCTCCTCCAATGTGGGCATCAACAGGTGGCGATTTTTGCTTCAGTGTCTTGAG
GATCTTGATGCCAATCTACGAAAATTAAACTCCCGTCTGTTTGTGATTCGTGGACAACCA
GCAGATGTGTTTCCCAGGCTTTTCAAGGAATGGAACATTACTAAACTTTCAATTGAGTAT
GATTCTGAGCCCTTTGGAAAGGAACGAGACGCAGCTATTAAGAAACTGGCAACTGAAGCT
GGAGTAGAAGTCATTGTAAGAATTTCACATACATTATATGACCTAGACAAGATCATAGAA
CTCAATGGTGGACAACCGCCTCTAACTTATAAAAGATTCCAGACTCTCATCAGCAAAATG
GAACCACTAGAGATACCAGTAGAGACAATTACTTCAGAAGTGATAGAAAAGTGCACAACT
CCTCTGTCTGATGACCATGATGAGAAATATGGAGTCCCTTCACTGGAAGAGCTAGGTTTT
GATACAGATGGCTTATCCTCTGCAGTGTGGCCAGGCGGAGAAACTGAAGCACTTACTCGT
TTGGAAAGGCATTTGGAAAGAAAAGCTTGGGTGGCAAATTTTGAAAGACCTCGAATGAAT
GCGAATTCTCTGCTTGCAAGCCCTACTGGACTTAGTCCTTATCTCCGATTTGGTTGTTTG
TCATGTCGACTGTTTTACTTCAAACTAACAGATCTCTACAAAAAGGTAAAGAAGAACAGT
TCCCCTCCCCTTTCCCTTTATGGGCAACTGTTATGGCGTGAATTTTTCTATACAGCAGCA
ACAAATAATCCACGCTTTGATAAAATGGAAGGAAACCCTATCTGTGTTCAGATTCCTTGG
GATAAAAATCCTGAGGCTTTAGCCAAATGGGCGGAAGGCCGGACAGGCTTTCCATGGATT
GATGCCATCATGACACAGCTTCGTCAGGAGGGTTGGATTCATCATCTAGCCAGGCATGCA
GTTGCTTGCTTCCTGACACGAGGGGACCTGTGGATTAGTTGGGAAGAAGGAATGAAGGTA
TTTGAAGAATTATTGCTTGATGCAGATTGGAGCATAAATGCTGGAAGTTGGATGTGGCTG
TCTTGTAGTTCCTTTTTTCAACAGTTTTTTCACTGCTATTGCCCTGTTGGTTTTGGTAGG
AGAACAGATCCCAATGGAGACTATATCAGGCGTTATTTGCCTGTCCTAAGAGGCTTCCCT
GCAAAATATATCTATGATCCCTGGAATGCACCAGAAGGTATCCAAAAGGTAGCCAAATGT
TTGATAGGAGTTAATTATCCTAAACCAATGGTGAACCATGCTGAGGCAAGCCGTTTGAAT
ATCGAAAGGATGAAACAGATCTATCAGCAGCTTTCACGATATAGAGGACTAGGTCTTCTG
GCATCAGTACCTTCTAATCCTAATGGGAATGGAGGCTTCATGGGATATTCTGCAGAAAAT
ATCCCAGGTTGTAGCAGCAGTGGAAGTTGCTCTCAAGGGAGTGGTATTTTACACTATGCT
CATGGCGACAGTCAGCAAACTCACCTGTTGAAGCAAGGAAGAAGCTCCATGGGCACTGGT
CTCAGTGGTGGGAAACGTCCTAGTCAGGAAGAGGACACACAGAGTATTGGTCCTAAAGTC
CAGAGACAGAGCACTAATTAG
Enzyme 107 GenBank Gene ID BC030519 Link Image
Enzyme 107 GeneCard ID CRY1 Link Image
Enzyme 107 GenAtlas ID CRY1 Link Image
Enzyme 107 HGNC ID HGNC:2384 Link Image
Enzyme 107 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 107 Locus 12q23-q24.1
Enzyme 107 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 107 General References
  1. Hsu DS, Zhao X, Zhao S, Kazantsev A, Wang RP, Todo T, Wei YF, Sancar A: Putative human blue-light photoreceptors hCRY1 and hCRY2 are flavoproteins. Biochemistry. 1996 Nov 5;35(44):13871-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. van der Spek PJ, Kobayashi K, Bootsma D, Takao M, Eker AP, Yasui A: Cloning, tissue expression, and mapping of a human photolyase homolog with similarity to plant blue-light receptors. Genomics. 1996 Oct 15;37(2):177-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Todo T, Ryo H, Yamamoto K, Toh H, Inui T, Ayaki H, Nomura T, Ikenaga M: Similarity among the Drosophila (6-4)photolyase, a human photolyase homolog, and the DNA photolyase-blue-light photoreceptor family. Science. 1996 Apr 5;272(5258):109-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Griffin EA Jr, Staknis D, Weitz CJ: Light-independent role of CRY1 and CRY2 in the mammalian circadian clock. Science. 1999 Oct 22;286(5440):768-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Busino L, Bassermann F, Maiolica A, Lee C, Nolan PM, Godinho SI, Draetta GF, Pagano M: SCFFbxl3 controls the oscillation of the circadian clock by directing the degradation of cryptochrome proteins. Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):900-4. Epub 2007 Apr 26. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 107 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 108 [top]
Enzyme 108 ID 8628
Enzyme 108 Name Dual oxidase 2
Enzyme 108 Synonyms
  1. Large NOX 2
  2. Long NOX 2
  3. NADH/NADPH thyroid oxidase p138-tox
  4. NADPH oxidase/peroxidase DUOX2
  5. NADPH thyroid oxidase 2
  6. Thyroid oxidase 2
  7. p138 thyroid oxidase
Enzyme 108 Gene Name DUOX2
Enzyme 108 Protein Sequence >Dual oxidase 2
MLRARPEALMLLGALLTGSLGPSGNQDALSLPWEVQRYDGWFNNLRHHERGAVGCRLQRR
VPANYADGVYQALEEPQLPNPRRLSNAATRGIAGLPSLHNRTVLGVFFGYHVLSDVVSVE
TPGCPAEFLNIRIPPGDPVFDPDQRGDVVLPFQRSRWDPETGRSPSNPRDLANQVTGWLD
GSAIYGSSHSWSDALRSFSGGQLASGPDPAFPRDSQNPLLMWAAPDPATGQNGPRGLYAF
GAERGNREPFLQALGLLWFRYHNLWAQRLARQHPDWEDEELFQHARKRVIATYQNIAVYE
WLPSFLQKTLPEYTGYRPFLDPSISPEFVVASEQFFSTMVPPGVYMRNASCHFRKVLNKG
FQSSQALRVCNNYWIRENPNLNSTQEVNELLLGMASQISELEDNIVVEDLRDYWPGPGKF
SRTDYVASSIQRGRDMGLPSYSQALLAFGLDIPRNWSDLNPNVDPQVLEATAALYNQDLS
QLELLLGGLLESHGDPGPLFSAIVLDQFVRLRDGDRYWFENTRNGLFSKKEIEDIRNTTL
RDVLVAVINIDPSALQPNVFVWHKGAPCPQPKQLTTDGLPQCAPLTVLDFFEGSSPGFAI
TIIALCCLPLVSLLLSGVVAYFRGREHKKLQKKLKESVKKEAAKDGVPAMEWPGPKERSS
PIIIQLLSDRCLQVLNRHLTVLRVVQLQPLQQVNLILSNNRGCRTLLLKIPKEYDLVLLF
SSEEERGAFVQQLWDFCVRWALGLHVAEMSEKELFRKAVTKQQRERILEIFFRHLFAQVL
DINQADAGTLPLDSSQKVREALTCELSRAEFAESLGLKPQDMFVESMFSLADKDGNGYLS
FREFLDILVVFMKGSPEDKSRLMFTMYDLDENGFLSKDEFFTMMRSFIEISNNCLSKAQL
AEVVESMFRESGFQDKEELTWEDFHFMLRDHDSELRFTQLCVKGGGGGGNGIRDIFKQNI
SCRVSFITRTPGERSHPQGLGPPAPEAPELGGPGLKKRFGKKAAVPTPRLYTEALQEKMQ
RGFLAQKLQQYKRFVENYRRHIVCVAIFSAICVGVFADRAYYYGFASPPSDIAQTTLVGI
ILSRGTAASVSFMFSYILLTMCRNLITFLRETFLNRYVPFDAAVDFHRWIAMAAVVLAIL
HSAGHAVNVYIFSVSPLSLLACIFPNVFVNDGSKLPQKFYWWFFQTVPGMTGVLLLLVLA
IMYVFASHHFRRRSFRGFWLTHHLYILLYALLIIHGSYALIQLPTFHIYFLVPAIIYGGD
KLVSLSRKKVEISVVKAELLPSGVTYLQFQRPQGFEYKSGQWVRIACLALGTTEYHPFTL
TSAPHEDTLSLHIRAVGPWTTRLREIYSSPKGNGCAGYPKLYLDGPFGEGHQEWHKFEVS
VLVGGGIGVTPFASILKDLVFKSSLGSQMLCKKIYFIWVTRTQRQFEWLADIIQEVEEND
HQDLVSVHIYVTQLAEKFDLRTTMLYICERHFQKVLNRSLFTGLRSITHFGRPPFEPFFN
SLQEVHPQVRKIGVFSCGPPGMTKNVEKACQLVNRQDRAHFMHHYENF
Enzyme 108 Number of Residues 1548
Enzyme 108 Molecular Weight 175362.9
Enzyme 108 Theoretical pI 7.90
Enzyme 108 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • antioxidant activity
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • peroxidase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • response to oxidative stress
  • response to stimulus
  • response to stress
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 108 General Function Involved in calcium ion binding
Enzyme 108 Specific Function Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain
Enzyme 108 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 108 Reactions
  • NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O2 [RN:R07171 R07172]
Enzyme 108 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 108 Signals
  • 1-25
Enzyme 108 Transmembrane Regions
  • 602-622 1042-1062 1077-1097 1149-1169 1186-1206 1224-1244 1245-1265
Enzyme 108 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 108 GenBank ID Protein 132566532 Link Image
Enzyme 108 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NRD8 Link Image
Enzyme 108 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DUOX2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 108 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 108 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 108 Gene Sequence >4647 bp
ATGCTCCGTGCAAGACCAGAGGCACTGATGCTCCTGGGAGCTCTTCTGACTGGATCCCTG
GGTCCATCGGGCAATCAGGACGCACTCTCACTGCCCTGGGAAGTGCAGCGCTATGACGGC
TGGTTTAACAACCTGAGGCACCACGAGCGTGGTGCTGTTGGCTGCCGGTTGCAGCGCCGC
GTACCAGCCAATTACGCCGACGGTGTGTATCAGGCTCTGGAGGAGCCGCAGCTGCCCAAC
CCGCGCCGGCTCAGCAACGCAGCCACGCGGGGCATAGCCGGCCTGCCGTCGCTCCACAAC
CGCACCGTACTGGGGGTCTTCTTTGGCTACCATGTTCTTTCCGACGTGGTGAGCGTGGAA
ACGCCCGGTTGCCCCGCCGAGTTCCTCAACATCCGCATCCCACCTGGAGACCCCGTGTTC
GACCCCGACCAGCGCGGGGACGTGGTGCTGCCCTTCCAGAGGAGCCGCTGGGACCCCGAG
ACCGGACGGAGTCCCAGCAACCCCCGGGACCTGGCCAACCAGGTGACGGGCTGGCTGGAC
GGCAGCGCCATCTATGGCTCCTCGCACTCCTGGAGCGACGCGCTGCGGAGCTTCTCGGGG
GGACAGCTGGCGTCGGGGCCCGACCCCGCTTTCCCCCGAGACTCGCAGAACCCCCTGCTC
ATGTGGGCGGCGCCCGACCCCGCCACCGGGCAGAACGGGCCCCGGGGGCTGTACGCCTTC
GGGGCAGAGAGAGGGAACCGGGAACCCTTCCTGCAGGCGCTGGGCCTGCTCTGGTTCCGC
TACCACAACCTGTGGGCGCAGAGGCTGGCCCGCCAGCACCCAGACTGGGAGGACGAGGAG
CTGTTCCAGCACGCACGCAAGAGGGTCATCGCCACCTACCAGAACATCGCTGTGTATGAG
TGGCTGCCCAGCTTCCTGCAGAAAACACTCCCGGAGTATACAGGATACCGTCCTTTCCTA
GACCCCAGCATCTCCCCGGAATTTGTGGTGGCCTCTGAGCAGTTCTTCTCTACCATGGTG
CCCCCTGGTGTCTACATGAGAAATGCCAGCTGTCATTTCCGGAAGGTCCTGAACAAGGGT
TTTCAAAGCTCCCAAGCTCTCAGGGTCTGCAACAACTACTGGATTCGGGAGAACCCCAAT
CTGAACAGTACCCAGGAGGTGAATGAGCTGCTGCTGGGAATGGCCTCCCAGATTTCGGAG
TTGGAGGACAACATAGTGGTTGAAGATCTGAGGGATTACTGGCCTGGCCCTGGCAAATTC
TCCCGTACAGACTATGTGGCCAGCAGCATCCAACGTGGCCGAGATATGGGGCTGCCCAGC
TATAGCCAGGCCCTGCTGGCCTTTGGGCTGGACATCCCAAGGAACTGGAGTGATCTCAAC
CCTAATGTGGACCCCCAGGTGCTGGAGGCCACAGCTGCCCTGTACAACCAGGACCTATCC
CAGCTAGAGCTGCTCCTTGGGGGGCTCCTGGAGAGCCATGGGGACCCTGGACCCCTGTTC
AGTGCCATTGTCCTCGACCAGTTTGTACGGCTGCGGGATGGTGACCGCTACTGGTTTGAG
AACACCAGGAATGGGCTGTTCTCCAAGAAGGAGATTGAAGACATCCGAAATACCACCCTG
CGGGACGTGCTGGTCGCTGTTATCAACATTGACCCCAGTGCCCTGCAGCCCAATGTCTTT
GTCTGGCATAAAGGTGCACCCTGCCCTCAACCTAAGCAGCTCACAACTGACGGCCTGCCC
CAGTGTGCACCCCTGACTGTGCTTGACTTCTTTGAAGGCAGCAGCCCTGGTTTTGCCATC
ACCATCATTGCTCTCTGCTGCCTTCCCTTAGTGAGTCTGCTTCTCTCTGGAGTGGTGGCC
TATTTCCGGGGCCGAGAACACAAGAAGCTACAAAAGAAACTCAAAGAGAGCGTGAAGAAG
GAAGCAGCCAAAGATGGAGTGCCAGCGATGGAGTGGCCAGGCCCCAAGGAGAGGAGCAGT
CCCATCATCATCCAGCTGCTGTCAGACAGGTGTCTGCAGGTCCTGAACAGGCATCTCACT
GTGCTCCGTGTGGTCCAGCTGCAGCCTCTGCAGCAGGTCAACCTCATCCTGTCCAACAAC
CGAGGATGCCGCACCCTGCTGCTCAAGATCCCTAAGGAGTATGACCTGGTGCTGCTGTTT
AGTTCTGAAGAGGAACGGGGCGCCTTTGTGCAGCAGCTATGGGACTTCTGCGTGCGCTGG
GCTCTGGGCCTCCATGTGGCTGAGATGAGCGAGAAGGAGCTATTTAGGAAGGCTGTGACA
AAGCAGCAGCGGGAACGCATCCTGGAGATCTTCTTCAGACACCTTTTTGCTCAGGTGCTG
GACATCAACCAGGCCGACGCAGGGACCCTGCCCCTGGACTCCTCCCAGAAGGTGCGGGAG
GCCCTGACCTGCGAGCTGAGCAGGGCCGAGTTTGCCGAGTCCCTGGGCCTCAAGCCCCAG
GACATGTTTGTGGAGTCCATGTTCTCTCTGGCTGACAAGGATGGCAATGGCTACCTGTCC
TTCCGAGAGTTCCTGGACATCCTGGTGGTCTTCATGAAAGGCTCCCCAGAGGATAAGTCC
CGTCTAATGTTTACCATGTATGACCTGGATGAGAATGGCTTCCTCTCCAAGGACGAATTC
TTCACCATGATGCGATCCTTCATCGAGATCTCCAACAACTGCCTGTCCAAGGCCCAGCTG
GCCGAGGTGGTGGAGTCTATGTTCCGGGAGTCGGGATTCCAGGACAAGGAGGAGCTGACA
TGGGAGGATTTTCACTTCATGCTGCGGGACCATGACAGCGAGCTCCGCTTCACGCAGCTC
TGTGTCAAAGGTGGAGGTGGAGGTGGAAATGGTATTAGAGATATCTTTAAACAAAACATC
AGCTGTCGAGTCTCGTTCATCACTCGGACACCTGGGGAGCGCTCCCACCCCCAGGGACTG
GGGCCCCCTGCCCCAGAAGCCCCAGAGCTGGGAGGCCCTGGACTGAAGAAGAGGTTTGGC
AAAAAGGCAGCAGTGCCCACTCCCCGGCTGTACACAGAGGCGCTGCAAGAGAAGATGCAG
CGAGGCTTCCTAGCCCAAAAGCTGCAGCAGTACAAGCGCTTCGTGGAGAACTACCGGAGG
CACATCGTGTGTGTGGCAATCTTCTCGGCCATCTGTGTTGGCGTGTTTGCAGATCGTGCT
TACTACTATGGCTTTGCCTCGCCACCCTCGGACATTGCACAGACCACCCTCGTGGGCATC
ATCCTGTCACGAGGCACGGCGGCCAGCGTCTCCTTCATGTTCTCTTATATCTTGCTCACC
ATGTGCCGCAACCTCATAACCTTCCTGCGAGAGACTTTCCTCAACCGCTATGTGCCTTTT
GATGCCGCAGTGGACTTCCACCGCTGGATCGCCATGGCTGCTGTTGTCCTGGCCATTTTG
CACAGTGCTGGCCACGCAGTCAATGTCTACATCTTCTCAGTCAGCCCACTCAGCCTGCTG
GCCTGCATATTCCCCAACGTCTTTGTGAATGATGGGTCCAAGCTTCCCCAGAAGTTCTAT
TGGTGGTTCTTCCAGACCGTCCCAGGTATGACAGGTGTGCTTCTGCTCCTGGTCCTGGCC
ATCATGTATGTCTTCGCCTCCCACCACTTCCGCCGCCGCAGCTTCCGGGGCTTCTGGCTG
ACCCACCACCTCTACATCCTGCTCTATGCCCTGCTCATCATCCATGGCAGCTATGCTCTG
ATCCAGCTGCCCACTTTCCACATCTACTTCCTGGTCCCGGCAATCATCTATGGAGGTGAC
AAGCTGGTGAGCCTGAGCCGGAAGAAGGTGGAGATCAGCGTGGTGAAGGCGGAGCTGCTG
CCCTCAGGAGTGACCTACCTGCAATTCCAGAGGCCCCAAGGCTTTGAGTACAAGTCAGGA
CAGTGGGTGCGGATCGCCTGCCTGGCTCTGGGGACCACCGAGTACCACCCCTTCACACTG
ACCTCCGCGCCCCATGAGGACACACTCAGCCTGCACATCCGGGCAGTGGGGCCCTGGACC
ACTCGCCTCAGGGAGATCTACTCATCCCCAAAGGGCAATGGCTGTGCTGGATACCCAAAG
CTGTACCTTGATGGACCGTTTGGAGAGGGCCATCAGGAGTGGCATAAATTTGAGGTGTCA
GTGTTGGTGGGAGGGGGCATTGGGGTCACCCCCTTTGCCTCCATCCTCAAAGACCTGGTC
TTCAAGTCATCCTTGGGCAGCCAAATGCTGTGTAAGAAGATCTACTTCATCTGGGTGACA
CGGACCCAGCGTCAGTTTGAGTGGCTGGCTGACATCATCCAAGAGGTGGAGGAGAACGAC
CACCAGGACCTGGTGTCTGTGCACATTTATGTCACCCAGCTGGCTGAGAAGTTCGACCTC
AGGACCACCATGCTATACATCTGCGAGCGGCACTTCCAGAAAGTGCTGAACCGGAGTCTG
TTCACGGGCCTGCGCTCCATCACCCACTTTGGCCGTCCCCCCTTCGAGCCCTTCTTCAAC
TCCCTGCAGGAGGTCCACCCACAGGTGCGCAAGATCGGGGTGTTCAGCTGCGGCCCTCCA
GGAATGACCAAGAATGTAGAGAAGGCCTGTCAGCTCGTCAACAGGCAGGACCGAGCCCAC
TTCATGCACCACTATGAGAACTTCTGA
Enzyme 108 GenBank Gene ID NM_014080.4 Link Image
Enzyme 108 GeneCard ID DUOX2 Link Image
Enzyme 108 GenAtlas ID DUOX2 Link Image
Enzyme 108 HGNC ID HGNC:13273 Link Image
Enzyme 108 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 108 Locus 15q15.3
Enzyme 108 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 108 General References
  1. De Deken X, Wang D, Many MC, Costagliola S, Libert F, Vassart G, Dumont JE, Miot F: Cloning of two human thyroid cDNAs encoding new members of the NADPH oxidase family. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 28;275(30):23227-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Edens WA, Sharling L, Cheng G, Shapira R, Kinkade JM, Lee T, Edens HA, Tang X, Sullards C, Flaherty DB, Benian GM, Lambeth JD: Tyrosine cross-linking of extracellular matrix is catalyzed by Duox, a multidomain oxidase/peroxidase with homology to the phagocyte oxidase subunit gp91phox. J Cell Biol. 2001 Aug 20;154(4):879-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Zody MC, Garber M, Sharpe T, Young SK, Rowen L, O'Neill K, Whittaker CA, Kamal M, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Kodira CD, Madan A, Qin S, Yang X, Abbasi N, Abouelleil A, Arachchi HM, Baradarani L, Birditt B, Bloom S, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Burke J, Butler J, Cook A, DeArellano K, DeCaprio D, Dorris L 3rd, Dors M, Eichler EE, Engels R, Fahey J, Fleetwood P, Friedman C, Gearin G, Hall JL, Hensley G, Johnson E, Jones C, Kamat A, Kaur A, Locke DP, Madan A, Munson G, Jaffe DB, Lui A, Macdonald P, Mauceli E, Naylor JW, Nesbitt R, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Ratcliffe A, Rounsley S, She X, Sneddon KM, Stewart S, Sougnez C, Stone SM, Topham K, Vincent D, Wang S, Zimmer AR, Birren BW, Hood L, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: Analysis of the DNA sequence and duplication history of human chromosome 15. Nature. 2006 Mar 30;440(7084):671-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Dupuy C, Ohayon R, Valent A, Noel-Hudson MS, Deme D, Virion A: Purification of a novel flavoprotein involved in the thyroid NADPH oxidase. Cloning of the porcine and human cdnas. J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 24;274(52):37265-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. De Deken X, Wang D, Dumont JE, Miot F: Characterization of ThOX proteins as components of the thyroid H(2)O(2)-generating system. Exp Cell Res. 2002 Feb 15;273(2):187-96. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Moreno JC, Bikker H, Kempers MJ, van Trotsenburg AS, Baas F, de Vijlder JJ, Vulsma T, Ris-Stalpers C: Inactivating mutations in the gene for thyroid oxidase 2 (THOX2) and congenital hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 11;347(2):95-102. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Geiszt M, Witta J, Baffi J, Lekstrom K, Leto TL: Dual oxidases represent novel hydrogen peroxide sources supporting mucosal surface host defense. FASEB J. 2003 Aug;17(11):1502-4. Epub 2003 Jun 3. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Schwarzer C, Machen TE, Illek B, Fischer H: NADPH oxidase-dependent acid production in airway epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 27;279(35):36454-61. Epub 2004 Jun 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. El Hassani RA, Benfares N, Caillou B, Talbot M, Sabourin JC, Belotte V, Morand S, Gnidehou S, Agnandji D, Ohayon R, Kaniewski J, Noel-Hudson MS, Bidart JM, Schlumberger M, Virion A, Dupuy C: Dual oxidase2 is expressed all along the digestive tract. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 May;288(5):G933-42. Epub 2004 Dec 9. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Wang D, De Deken X, Milenkovic M, Song Y, Pirson I, Dumont JE, Miot F: Identification of a novel partner of duox: EFP1, a thioredoxin-related protein. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jan 28;280(4):3096-103. Epub 2004 Nov 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Ameziane-El-Hassani R, Morand S, Boucher JL, Frapart YM, Apostolou D, Agnandji D, Gnidehou S, Ohayon R, Noel-Hudson MS, Francon J, Lalaoui K, Virion A, Dupuy C: Dual oxidase-2 has an intrinsic Ca2+-dependent H2O2-generating activity. J Biol Chem. 2005 Aug 26;280(34):30046-54. Epub 2005 Jun 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Vigone MC, Fugazzola L, Zamproni I, Passoni A, Di Candia S, Chiumello G, Persani L, Weber G: Persistent mild hypothyroidism associated with novel sequence variants of the DUOX2 gene in two siblings. Hum Mutat. 2005 Oct;26(4):395. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Varela V, Rivolta CM, Esperante SA, Gruneiro-Papendieck L, Chiesa A, Targovnik HM: Three mutations (p.Q36H, p.G418fsX482, and g.IVS19-2A>C) in the dual oxidase 2 gene responsible for congenital goiter and iodide organification defect. Clin Chem. 2006 Feb;52(2):182-91. Epub 2005 Dec 1. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 108 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 109 [top]
Enzyme 109 ID 8855
Enzyme 109 Name OTTHUMP00000017001
Enzyme 109 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 109 Gene Name DDO
Enzyme 109 Protein Sequence >OTTHUMP00000017001
MRPARHWETRFGARDFGGFQDCFFRDRLMDTARIAVVGAGVVGLSTAVCISKLVPRCSVT
IISDKFTPDTTSDVAAGMLIPHTYPDTPIHTQKQWFRETFNHLFAIANSAEAGDAGVHLV
SGWQIFQSTPTEEVPFWADVVLGFRKMTEAELKKFPQYVFGQAFTTLKCECPAYLPWLEK
RIKGSGGWTLTRRIEDLWELHPSFDIVVNCSGLGSRQLAGDSKIFPVRGQVLQVQAPWVE
HFIRDGSGLTYIYPGTSHVTLGGTRQKGDWNLSPDAENSREILSRCCALEPSLHGACNIR
EKVGLRPYRPGVRLQTELLARDGQRLPVVHHYGHGSGGISVHWGTALEAARLVSECVHAL
RTPIPKSNL
Enzyme 109 Number of Residues 369
Enzyme 109 Molecular Weight 40993
Enzyme 109 Theoretical pI 8.28
Enzyme 109 GO Classification
Function
  • D-amino-acid oxidase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 109 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 109 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 109 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 109 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 109 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 109 Signals Not Available
Enzyme 109 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 109 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 109 GenBank ID Protein 57208418 Link Image
Enzyme 109 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q5JXM5 Link Image
Enzyme 109 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Q5JXM5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 109 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 109 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 109 Gene Sequence >1110 bp
ATGAGACCAGCCAGGCACTGGGAAACAAGGTTTGGTGCCAGAGATTTTGGTGGCTTCCAA
GACTGCTTTTTCAGAGACAGGCTCATGGACACAGCACGGATTGCAGTTGTCGGGGCAGGT
GTGGTGGGGCTCTCCACGGCTGTGTGCATCTCCAAACTGGTGCCCCGATGCTCCGTTACC
ATCATTTCAGACAAGTTTACTCCAGATACCACCAGTGATGTGGCAGCCGGAATGCTTATT
CCTCACACTTATCCAGATACACCCATTCACACGCAGAAGCAGTGGTTCAGAGAAACCTTT
AATCACCTCTTTGCAATTGCCAATTCTGCAGAAGCTGGAGATGCTGGTGTTCATTTGGTA
TCAGGTTGGCAGATATTTCAGAGCACTCCGACTGAAGAAGTGCCATTCTGGGCTGACGTG
GTTCTGGGATTTCGAAAGATGACTGAGGCTGAGCTGAAGAAATTCCCCCAGTATGTGTTT
GGTCAGGCTTTTACAACCCTGAAATGTGAATGCCCTGCCTACCTCCCGTGGTTGGAGAAA
AGGATAAAGGGAAGTGGAGGCTGGACACTCACTCGGCGAATAGAAGACCTGTGGGAACTT
CATCCGTCCTTTGACATCGTGGTCAACTGTTCAGGCCTTGGAAGCAGACAGCTTGCAGGA
GACTCAAAGATTTTCCCTGTAAGGGGCCAAGTCCTCCAAGTTCAGGCTCCCTGGGTGGAG
CATTTTATCCGAGATGGCAGTGGGCTGACATATATTTATCCTGGTACATCCCATGTAACC
CTAGGTGGAACTAGGCAAAAAGGGGACTGGAATCTGTCCCCGGATGCAGAAAATAGCAGA
GAGATTCTTTCCCGATGCTGTGCTCTGGAGCCCTCCCTCCACGGAGCCTGCAACATCAGG
GAGAAGGTGGGCTTGAGGCCCTACAGGCCAGGCGTGCGACTGCAGACAGAGCTCCTTGCG
CGAGATGGACAGAGGCTGCCTGTAGTCCACCACTATGGCCATGGGAGTGGGGGCATCTCA
GTGCACTGGGGCACTGCTCTGGAGGCCGCCAGGCTGGTGAGCGAGTGTGTCCATGCCCTC
AGGACCCCCATTCCCAAGTCAAACCTGTAG
Enzyme 109 GenBank Gene ID AL050350 Link Image
Enzyme 109 GeneCard ID DDO Link Image
Enzyme 109 GenAtlas ID DDO Link Image
Enzyme 109 HGNC ID HGNC:2727 Link Image
Enzyme 109 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 109 Locus 6q21
Enzyme 109 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 109 General References Not Available
Enzyme 109 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 110 [top]
Enzyme 110 ID 9170
Enzyme 110 Name Probable D-lactate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 110 Synonyms
  1. DLD
  2. Lactate dehydrogenase D
Enzyme 110 Gene Name LDHD
Enzyme 110 Protein Sequence >Probable D-lactate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MARLLRSATWELFPWRGYCSQKAKGELCRDFVEALKAVVGGSHVSTAAVVREQHGRDESV
HRCEPPDAVVWPQNVEQVSRLAALCYRQGVPIIPFGTGTGLEGGVCAVQGGVCVNLTHMD
RILELNQEDFSVVVEPGVTRKALNAHLRDSGLWFPVDPGADASLCGMAATGASGTNAVRY
GTMRDNVLNLEVVLPDGRLLHTAGRGRHFRFGFWPEIPHHTAWYSPCVSLGRRKSAAGYN
LTGLFVGSEGTLGLITATTLRLHPAPEATVAATCAFPSVQAAVDSTVHILQAAVPVARIE
FLDEVMMDACNRYSKLNCLVAPTLFLEFHGSQQALEEQLQRTEEIVQQNGASDFSWAKEA
EERSRLWTARHNAWYAALATRPGCKGYSTDVCVPISRLPEIVVQTKEDLNASGLTGSIVG
HVGDGNFHCILLVNPDDAEELGRVKAFAEQLGRRALALHGTCTGEHGIGMGKRQLLQEEV
GAVGVETMRQLKAVLDPQGLMNPGKVL
Enzyme 110 Number of Residues 507
Enzyme 110 Molecular Weight 54870.2
Enzyme 110 Theoretical pI 6.65
Enzyme 110 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 110 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 110 Specific Function (R)-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c = pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c
Enzyme 110 Pathways
Enzyme 110 Reactions
  • (R)-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c = pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c [RN:R00197]
Enzyme 110 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 110 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 110 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 110 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 110 GenBank ID Protein 37595754 Link Image
Enzyme 110 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q86WU2 Link Image
Enzyme 110 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LDHD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 110 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 110 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 110 Gene Sequence >1524 bp
ATGGCCCGACTGCTCAGGTCTGCAACCTGGGAGCTGTTCCCCTGGAGGGGCTACTGCTCC
CAGAAGGCAAAGGGAGAGCTCTGCAGGGACTTCGTAGAGGCTCTGAAGGCCGTGGTGGGC
GGCTCCCACGTGTCCACTGCCGCGGTGGTCCGAGAGCAGCACGGGCGCGATGAGTCGGTG
CACAGGTGCGAACCTCCTGATGCTGTGGTGTGGCCCCAGAACGTGGAGCAGGTCAGCCGG
CTGGCAGCCCTGTGCTATCGCCAAGGTGTGCCCATCATCCCATTCGGCACCGGCACCGGG
CTTGAGGGTGGCGTCTGTGCTGTGCAGGGCGGCGTCTGCGTTAACCTGACGCATATGGAC
CGAATCCTGGAGCTGAACCAGGAGGACTTCTCTGTGGTGGTGGAGCCAGGTGTCACCCGC
AAAGCCCTCAACGCCCACCTGCGGGACAGCGGCCTCTGGTTTCCCGTGGACCCAGGCGCG
GACGCCTCTCTCTGTGGCATGGCGGCCACCGGGGCGTCGGGGACCAACGCGGTCCGCTAC
GGCACCATGCGGGACAACGTGCTCAACCTGGAGGTGGTGCTGCCCGACGGGCGGCTGCTG
CACACGGCGGGCCGAGGCCGGCATTTCCGCTTCGGCTTCTGGCCAGAAATCCCTCATCAC
ACAGCCTGGTACTCACCTTGTGTGTCCCTGGGACGTAGGAAGAGTGCAGCCGGCTACAAC
CTCACGGGGCTCTTCGTGGGCTCCGAGGGGACGCTGGGCCTCATCACAGCCACCACCCTG
CGCCTGCACCCTGCCCCTGAGGCCACAGTGGCCGCCACGTGTGCGTTCCCCAGTGTCCAG
GCTGCTGTGGACAGCACTGTACACATCCTCCAGGCTGCAGTGCCCGTAGCCCGCATTGAG
TTCCTGGATGAAGTCATGATGGATGCCTGCAACAGGTACAGCAAGCTGAATTGCTTAGTG
GCGCCCACACTCTTCCTGGAGTTCCATGGCTCCCAGCAGGCACTGGAGGAGCAGCTGCAG
CGCACAGAGGAGATAGTCCAGCAGAACGGAGCCTCTGACTTCTCCTGGGCCAAGGAGGCC
GAGGAGCGCAGCCGGCTTTGGACAGCACGGCACAATGCCTGGTACGCAGCCCTGGCCACG
CGGCCAGGCTGCAAGGGCTACTCCACGGATGTGTGTGTGCCCATCTCCCGGCTGCCGGAG
ATCGTGGTGCAGACCAAGGAGGATCTGAATGCCTCAGGACTCACAGGAAGCATTGTCGGG
CATGTGGGTGACGGCAACTTCCACTGCATCCTGCTGGTCAACCCTGATGACGCCGAGGAA
CTGGGCAGGGTCAAGGCTTTTGCAGAACAGCTGGGCAGGCGGGCACTGGCTCTCCACGGA
ACGTGCACGGGGGAGCATGGCATCGGAATGGGCAAGCGGCAGCTGCTGCAGGAGGAGGTG
GGCGCCGTGGGCGTGGAGACCATGCGGCAGCTCAAGGCCGTGCTAGACCCCCAAGGCCTC
ATGAATCCAGGCAAAGTGCTGTGA
Enzyme 110 GenBank Gene ID NM_153486.2 Link Image
Enzyme 110 GeneCard ID LDHD Link Image
Enzyme 110 GenAtlas ID LDHD Link Image
Enzyme 110 HGNC ID HGNC:19708 Link Image
Enzyme 110 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 110 Locus 16q23.1
Enzyme 110 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 110 General References
  1. Flick MJ, Konieczny SF: Identification of putative mammalian D-lactate dehydrogenase enzymes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Jul 26;295(4):910-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 110 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 111 [top]
Enzyme 111 ID 10872
Enzyme 111 Name Isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 111 Synonyms
  1. Activator-recruited cofactor 42 kDa component
  2. ARC42
  3. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 8
  4. ACAD-8
Enzyme 111 Gene Name ACAD8
Enzyme 111 Protein Sequence >Isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MLWSGCRRFGARLGCLPGGLRVLVQTGHRSLTSCIDPSMGLNEEQKEFQKVAFDFAAREM
APNMAEWDQKELFPVDVMRKAAQLGFGGVYIQTDVGGSGLSRLDTSVIFEALATGCTSTT
AYISIHNMCAWMIDSFGNEEQRHKFCPPLCTMEKFASYCLTEPGSGSDAASLLTSAKKQG
DHYILNGSKAFISGAGESDIYVVMCRTGGPGPKGISCIVVEKGTPGLSFGKKEKKVGWNS
QPTRAVIFEDCAVPVANRIGSEGQGFLIAVRGLNGGRINIASCSLGAAHASVILTRDHLN
VRKQFGEPLASNQYLQFTLADMATRLVAARLMVRNAAVALQEERKDAVALCSMAKLFATD
ECFAICNQALQMHGGYGYLKDYAVQQYVRDSRVHQILEGSNEVMRILISRSLLQE
Enzyme 111 Number of Residues 415
Enzyme 111 Molecular Weight 45069.4
Enzyme 111 Theoretical pI 7.91
Enzyme 111 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 111 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 111 Specific Function Has very high activity toward isobutyryl-CoA. Is an isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase that functions in valine catabolism. Plays a role in transcriptional coactivation within the ARC complex
Enzyme 111 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 111 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 111 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 111 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 111 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 111 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 111 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 111 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UKU7 Link Image
Enzyme 111 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACAD8_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 111 PDB ID 1RX0 Link Image
Enzyme 111 PDB File Show
Enzyme 111 3D Structure
Enzyme 111 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 111 Gene Sequence >1248 bp
ATGCTGTGGAGCGGCTGCCGGCGTTTCGGGGCGCGCCTCGGCTGCCTGCCCGGCGGTCTC
CGGGTCCTCGTCCAGACCGGCCACCGGAGCTTGACCTCCTGCATCGACCCTTCCATGGGA
CTTAATGAAGAGCAGAAAGAATTTCAAAAAGTGGCCTTTGACTTTGCTGCCCGAGAGATG
GCTCCAAATATGGCAGAGTGGGACCAGAAGGAGCTGTTCCCAGTGGATGTGATGCGGAAG
GCAGCCCAGCTAGGCTTCGGAGGGGTCTACATACAAACAGATGTGGGCGGGTCTGGGCTG
TCACGTCTTGATACCTCTGTCATTTTTGAAGCCTTGGCTACAGGCTGCACCAGCACCACA
GCCTATATAAGCATCCACAACATGTGTGCCTGGATGATTGATAGCTTCGGAAATGAGGAA
CAGAGGCACAAATTTTGCCCACCGCTCTGTACCATGGAGAAGTTTGCTTCCTACTGCCTC
ACTGAACCAGGAAGTGGGAGTGATGCTGCCTCTCTTCTGACCTCCGCTAAGAAACAGGGA
GATCATTACATCCTCAATGGCTCCAAGGCCTTCATCAGTGGTGCTGGTGAGTCAGACATC
TATGTGGTCATGTGCCGAACAGGAGGACCAGGCCCCAAGGGCATCTCATGCATAGTTGTT
GAGAAGGGGACCCCTGGCCTCAGCTTTGGCAAGAAGGAGAAAAAGGTGGGGTGGAACTCC
CAGCCAACACGAGCTGTGATCTTCGAAGACTGTGCTGTCCCTGTGGCCAACAGAATTGGG
AGCGAGGGGCAGGGCTTCCTCATTGCCGTGAGAGGACTGAACGGAGGGAGGATCAATATT
GCTTCCTGCTCCCTGGGGGCTGCCCACGCCTCTGTCATCCTCACCCGAGACCACCTCAAT
GTCCGGAAGCAGTTTGGAGAGCCTCTGGCCAGTAACCAGTACTTGCAATTCACACTGGCT
GATATGGCAACAAGGCTGGTGGCCGCGCGGCTGATGGTCCGCAATGCAGCAGTGGCTCTG
CAGGAGGAGAGGAAGGATGCAGTGGCCTTGTGCTCCATGGCCAAGCTCTTTGCTACAGAT
GAATGCTTTGCCATCTGCAACCAGGCCTTGCAGATGCACGGGGGCTACGGCTACCTGAAG
GATTACGCTGTTCAGCAGTACGTGCGGGACTCCAGGGTCCACCAGATTCTAGAAGGTAGC
AATGAAGTGATGAGGATACTGATCTCTAGAAGCCTGCTTCAGGAGTAG
Enzyme 111 GenBank Gene ID AF126245 Link Image
Enzyme 111 GeneCard ID ACAD8 Link Image
Enzyme 111 GenAtlas ID ACAD8 Link Image
Enzyme 111 HGNC ID HGNC:87 Link Image
Enzyme 111 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 111 Locus 11q25
Enzyme 111 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 111 General References
  1. Telford EA, Moynihan LM, Markham AF, Lench NJ: Isolation and characterisation of a cDNA encoding the precursor for a novel member of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene family. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Sep 3;1446(3):371-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Andresen BS, Christensen E, Corydon TJ, Bross P, Pilgaard B, Wanders RJ, Ruiter JP, Simonsen H, Winter V, Knudsen I, Schroeder LD, Gregersen N, Skovby F: Isolated 2-methylbutyrylglycinuria caused by short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: identification of a new enzyme defect, resolution of its molecular basis, and evidence for distinct acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in isoleucine and valine metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Nov;67(5):1095-103. Epub 2000 Sep 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Naar AM, Beaurang PA, Zhou S, Abraham S, Solomon W, Tjian R: Composite co-activator ARC mediates chromatin-directed transcriptional activation. Nature. 1999 Apr 29;398(6730):828-32. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Battaile KP, Nguyen TV, Vockley J, Kim JJ: Structures of isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase and enzyme-product complex: comparison with isovaleryl- and short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 16;279(16):16526-34. Epub 2004 Jan 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Nguyen TV, Andresen BS, Corydon TJ, Ghisla S, Abd-El Razik N, Mohsen AW, Cederbaum SD, Roe DS, Roe CR, Lench NJ, Vockley J: Identification of isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase and its deficiency in humans. Mol Genet Metab. 2002 Sep-Oct;77(1-2):68-79. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Sass JO, Sander S, Zschocke J: Isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: isobutyrylglycinuria and ACAD8 gene mutations in two infants. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2004;27(6):741-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Pedersen CB, Bischoff C, Christensen E, Simonsen H, Lund AM, Young SP, Koeberl DD, Millington DS, Roe CR, Roe DS, Wanders RJ, Ruiter JP, Keppen LD, Stein Q, Knudsen I, Gregersen N, Andresen BS: Variations in IBD (ACAD8) in children with elevated C4-carnitine detected by tandem mass spectrometry newborn screening. Pediatr Res. 2006 Sep;60(3):315-20. Epub 2006 Jul 20. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 111 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 112 [top]
Enzyme 112 ID 10874
Enzyme 112 Name Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9, mitochondrial
Enzyme 112 Synonyms
  1. ACAD-9
Enzyme 112 Gene Name ACAD9
Enzyme 112 Protein Sequence >Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9, mitochondrial
MSGCGLFLRTTAAARACRGLVVSTANRRLLRTSPPVRAFAKELFLGKIKKKEVFPFPEVS
QDELNEINQFLGPVEKFFTEEVDSRKIDQEGKIPDETLEKLKSLGLFGLQVPEEYGGLGF
SNTMYSRLGEIISMDGSITVTLAAHQAIGLKGIILAGTEEQKAKYLPKLASGEHIAAFCL
TEPASGSDAASIRSRATLSEDKKHYILNGSKVWITNGGLANIFTVFAKTEVVDSDGSVKD
KITAFIVERDFGGVTNGKPEDKLGIRGSNTCEVHFENTKIPVENILGEVGDGFKVAMNIL
NSGRFSMGSVVAGLLKRLIEMTAEYACTRKQFNKRLSEFGLIQEKFALMAQKAYVMESMT
YLTAGMLDQPGFPDCSIEAAMVKVFSSEAAWQCVSEALQILGGLGYTRDYPYERILRDTR
ILLIFEGTNEILRMYIALTGLQHAGRILTTRIHELKQAKVSTVMDTVGRRLRDSLGRTVD
LGLTGNHGVVHPSLADSANKFEENTYCFGRTVETLLLRFGKTIMEEQLVLKRVANILINL
YGMTAVLSRASRSIRIGLRNHDHEVLLANTFCVEAYLQNLFSLSQLDKYAPENLDEQIKK
VSQQILEKRAYICAHPLDRTC
Enzyme 112 Number of Residues 621
Enzyme 112 Molecular Weight 68759.7
Enzyme 112 Theoretical pI 8.05
Enzyme 112 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 112 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 112 Specific Function Has a dehydrogenase activity on palmitoyl-CoA (C16:0) and stearoyl-CoA (C18:0). It is three times more active on palmitoyl-CoA then on stearoyl-CoA. Has little activity on octanoyl-CoA (C8:0), butyryl-CoA (C4:0) or isovaleryl-CoA (5:0)
Enzyme 112 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 112 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 112 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 112 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 112 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 112 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 112 GenBank ID Protein 18028283 Link Image
Enzyme 112 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9H845 Link Image
Enzyme 112 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACAD9_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 112 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 112 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 112 Gene Sequence >1866 bp
ATGAGCGGCTGCGGGCTCTTCCTGCGCACCACGGCTGCGGCTCGTGCCTGCCGGGGTCTG
GTGGTCTCTACCGCGAACCGGCGGCTACTGCGCACCAGCCCGCCTGTACGAGCTTTCGCC
AAAGAGCTTTTCCTAGGCAAAATCAAGAAGAAAGAAGTTTTCCCATTTCCAGAAGTTAGC
CAAGATGAACTTAATGAAATCAATCAGTTCTTGGGACCCGTGGAAAAATTCTTCACTGAA
GAGGTGGACTCCCGAAAAATTGACCAGGAAGGGAAAATCCCAGATGAAACTTTGGAGAAA
TTGAAGAGCCTAGGGCTTTTTGGGCTGCAAGTCCCAGAAGAATATGGTGGCCTGGGCTTC
TCCAACACCATGTACTCAAGACTAGGGGAGATCATCAGCATGGATGGGTCCATCACTGTG
ACCCTGGCAGCGCACCAGGCTATTGGCCTCAAGGGGATCATCTTGGCTGGCACTGAGGAG
CAGAAAGCCAAATACTTGCCTAAACTGGCGTCCGGGGAGCACATTGCAGCCTTCTGCCTC
ACGGAGCCAGCCAGTGGGAGCGATGCAGCCTCAATCCGGAGCAGAGCCACACTAAGTGAA
GACAAGAAGCACTACATCCTCAATGGCTCCAAGGTCTGGATTACTAATGGAGGACTGGCC
AATATTTTTACTGTGTTTGCAAAGACTGAGGTCGTTGATTCTGATGGATCAGTGAAAGAC
AAAATCACAGCATTCATAGTAGAAAGAGACTTTGGTGGAGTCACTAATGGGAAACCCGAA
GATAAATTAGGCATTCGGGGCTCCAACACTTGTGAAGTCCATTTTGAAAACACCAAGATA
CCTGTGGAAAACATCCTTGGAGAGGTCGGAGATGGGTTTAAGGTGGCCATGAACATCCTC
AACAGCGGCCGGTTCAGCATGGGCAGCGTCGTGGCTGGGCTGCTCAAGAGATTGATTGAA
ATGACTGCTGAGTACGCCTGCACAAGGAAACAGTTTAACAAGAGGCTCAGTGAATTTGGA
TTGATTCAGGAGAAATTTGCACTGATGGCTCAGAAGGCTTACGTCATGGAGAGTATGACC
TACCTCACAGCAGGGATGCTGGACCAACCTGGCTTTCCCGACTGCTCCATCGAGGCAGCC
ATGGTGAAGGTGTTCAGCTCCGAGGCCGCCTGGCAGTGTGTGAGTGAGGTGCTGCAGATC
CTCGGGGGCTTGGGCTACACAAGGGACTATCCGTACGAGCGCATATTGCGTGACACCCGC
ATCCTCCTCATCTTCGAGGGAACCAATGAGATTCTCCGGATGTACATCGCCCTGACGGGT
CTGCAGCATGCCGGCCGCATCCTGACTACCAGGATCCATGAGCTTAAACAGGCCAAAGTG
AGCACAGTCATGGATACCGTTGGCCGGAGGCTTCGGGACTCGCTGGGCCGAACTGTGGAC
CTGGGGCTGACAGGCAACCATGGAGTTGTGCACCCCAGTCTTGCGGACAGTGCCAACAAG
TTTGAGGAGAACACCTACTGCTTCGGCCGGACCGTGGAGACACTGCTGCTCCGCTTTGGC
AAGACCATCATGGAGGAGCAGCTGGTACTGAAGCGGGTGGCCAACATCCTCATCAACCTG
TATGGCATGACGGCCGTGCTGTCGCGGGCCAGCCGCTCCATCCGCATTGGGCTCCGCAAC
CACGACCACGAGGTTCTCTTGGCCAACACCTTCTGCGTGGAAGCTTACTTGCAGAATCTC
TTCAGCCTCTCTCAGCTGGACAAGTATGCTCCAGAAAACCTAGATGAGCAGATTAAGAAA
GTGTCCCAGCAGATCCTTGAGAAGCGAGCCTATATCTGTGCCCACCCTCTGGACAGGACA
TGCTGA
Enzyme 112 GenBank Gene ID AF327351 Link Image
Enzyme 112 GeneCard ID ACAD9 Link Image
Enzyme 112 GenAtlas ID ACAD9 Link Image
Enzyme 112 HGNC ID HGNC:21497 Link Image
Enzyme 112 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 112 Locus 3q21.3
Enzyme 112 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 112 General References
  1. Zhang J, Zhang W, Zou D, Chen G, Wan T, Zhang M, Cao X: Cloning and functional characterization of ACAD-9, a novel member of human acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Oct 4;297(4):1033-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. He M, Rutledge SL, Kelly DR, Palmer CA, Murdoch G, Majumder N, Nicholls RD, Pei Z, Watkins PA, Vockley J: A new genetic disorder in mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation: ACAD9 deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 2007 Jul;81(1):87-103. Epub 2007 Jun 4. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 112 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 113 [top]
Enzyme 113 ID 10959
Enzyme 113 Name Probable proline dehydrogenase 2
Enzyme 113 Synonyms
  1. Kidney and liver proline oxidase 1
  2. HsPOX1
  3. Probable proline oxidase 2
Enzyme 113 Gene Name PRODH2
Enzyme 113 Protein Sequence >Probable proline dehydrogenase 2
MSPRVVSNSSVLASQSVGITNVRTVFSNVFNNTTAFPILRGSNCHKITAPGLGKGQLVNL
LPPENLPWCGGSQGPRMLRTCYVLCSQAGPPSRGWQSLSFDGGAFHLKGTGELTRALLVL
RLCAWPPLVTHGLLLQAWSRRLLGSRLSGAFLRASVYGQFVAGETAEEVKGCVQQLRTLS
LRPLLAVPTEEEPDSAAKSGEAWYEGNLGAMLRCVDLSRGLLEPPSLAEASLMQLKVTAL
TSTRLCKELASWVRRPGASLELSPERLAEAMDSGQNLQVSCLNAEQNQHLRASLSRLHRV
AQYARAQHVRLLVDAEYTSLNPALSLLVAALAVRWNSPGEGGPWVWNTYQACLKDTFERL
GRDAEAAHRAGLAFGVKLVRGAYLDKERAVAQLHGMEDPTQPDYEATSQSYSRCLELMLT
HVARHGPMCHLMVASHNEESVRQATKRMWELGIPLDGTVCFGQLLGMCDHVSLALGQAGY
VVYKSIPYGSLEEVIPYLIRRAQENRSVLQGARREQELLSQELWRRLLPGCRRIPH
Enzyme 113 Number of Residues 536
Enzyme 113 Molecular Weight 58870.1
Enzyme 113 Theoretical pI 8.67
Enzyme 113 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors
  • proline dehydrogenase activity
Process
  • cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
  • cellular amino acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • glutamate biosynthetic process
  • glutamate metabolic process
  • glutamine family amino acid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • proline catabolic process
  • proline metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 113 General Function Involved in proline dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 113 Specific Function Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (Probable)
Enzyme 113 Pathways
Enzyme 113 Reactions
  • L-proline + acceptor = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + reduced acceptor [RN:R01253]
Enzyme 113 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 113 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 113 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 113 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 113 GenBank ID Protein 6649583 Link Image
Enzyme 113 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UF12 Link Image
Enzyme 113 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PROD2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 113 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 113 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 113 Gene Sequence >1611 bp
ATGTCGCCCAGGGTAGTCTCAAACTCCTCGGTCTTGGCCTCCCAAAGTGTTGGGATTACA
AACGTGAGAACCGTATTTTCAAATGTATTCAATAACACTACAGCGTTTCCAATTTTAAGA
GGAAGCAATTGCCACAAAATCACTGCCCCTGGTCTGGGCAAGGGGCAGTTGGTGAACTTG
CTGCCTCCAGAGAACCTTCCCTGGTGTGGAGGCAGCCAGGGACCCAGGATGCTCCGGACC
TGTTACGTGCTCTGTTCCCAAGCTGGTCCCCCCTCCAGGGGCTGGCAGTCCCTGAGCTTT
GATGGCGGGGCCTTCCACCTTAAGGGCACAGGAGAGCTGACACGGGCCTTGCTGGTTCTC
CGGCTGTGTGCCTGGCCCCCACTCGTCACTCACGGGCTGTTGCTCCAGGCCTGGTCTCGG
CGACTCCTGGGCTCCCGGCTCTCAGGCGCATTTCTCCGAGCATCCGTCTATGGGCAGTTT
GTGGCTGGTGAGACAGCAGAGGAGGTGAAGGGCTGCGTGCAGCAGCTGCGGACCCTCAGC
CTCCGACCACTGCTGGCAGTGCCCACTGAGGAGGAGCCGGACTCTGCTGCCAAGAGTGGT
GAGGCGTGGTATGAGGGGAACCTCGGTGCTATGCTGCGGTGTGTGGACCTGTCACGGGGC
CTCCTGGAGCCCCCCAGCCTGGCTGAGGCCAGCCTCATGCAGCTGAAGGTGACGGCGCTG
ACCAGTACTCGGCTCTGTAAGGAGCTAGCCTCGTGGGTCAGAAGGCCAGGAGCCTCCTTG
GAGCTGAGCCCCGAGAGGCTGGCTGAAGCTATGGACTCTGGGCAGAACCTCCAGGTCTCC
TGCCTCAATGCTGAGCAGAACCAGCACCTCCGGGCCTCCCTCAGCCGCCTGCATCGGGTG
GCACAGTATGCCCGGGCCCAGCACGTGCGGCTCCTGGTGGATGCGGAGTACACCTCACTG
AACCCTGCGCTCTCGCTGCTGGTGGCTGCCCTGGCTGTGCGCTGGAACAGCCCGGGTGAA
GGCGGGCCCTGGGTGTGGAACACCTACCAGGCCTGTCTAAAGGACACATTCGAGCGGCTG
GGGAGGGATGCAGAGGCTGCGCACAGGGCCGGCCTGGCCTTCGGAGTGAAGCTGGTACGA
GGTGCATATCTGGACAAGGAGAGAGCGGTGGCCCAGCTCCATGGGATGGAAGACCCCACT
CAGCCTGACTATGAGGCCACCAGTCAGAGTTACAGCCGCTGCCTGGAACTGATGCTGACG
CACGTGGCCCGCCATGGCCCCATGTGCCACCTCATGGTGGCTTCCCACAATGAGGAATCT
GTTCGCCAGGCAACCAAGCGCATGTGGGAGCTGGGCATTCCTCTGGATGGGACTGTCTGT
TTCGGACAACTTCTGGGCATGTGTGACCACGTCTCTCTAGCACTGGGGCAGGCCGGCTAT
GTAGTGTATAAGTCCATTCCCTATGGCTCCTTGGAGGAGGTAATCCCCTACCTGATCCGG
AGGGCCCAGGAGAACCGGAGCGTGCTTCAGGGTGCCCGCAGGGAACAGGAGCTGCTCAGC
CAAGAACTGTGGCGGCGGCTGCTGCCAGGATGCCGAAGGATACCCCACTAG
Enzyme 113 GenBank Gene ID U80018 Link Image
Enzyme 113 GeneCard ID PRODH2 Link Image
Enzyme 113 GenAtlas ID PRODH2 Link Image
Enzyme 113 HGNC ID HGNC:17325 Link Image
Enzyme 113 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 113 Locus 19q13.1
Enzyme 113 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 113 General References Not Available
Enzyme 113 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 114 [top]
Enzyme 114 ID 12689
Enzyme 114 Name Dual oxidase 1
Enzyme 114 Synonyms
  1. Large NOX 1
  2. Long NOX 1
  3. NADPH thyroid oxidase 1
  4. Thyroid oxidase 1
Enzyme 114 Gene Name DUOX1
Enzyme 114 Protein Sequence >Dual oxidase 1
MGFCLALAWTLLVGAWTPLGAQNPISWEVQRFDGWYNNLMEHRWGSKGSRLQRLVPASYA
DGVYQPLGEPHLPNPRDLSNTISRGPAGLASLRNRTVLGVFFGYHVLSDLVSVETPGCPA
EFLNIRIPPGDPMFDPDQRGDVVLPFQRSRWDPETGRSPSNPRDPANQVTGWLDGSAIYG
SSHSWSDALRSFSRGQLASGPDPAFPRDSQNPLLMWAAPDPATGQNGPRGLYAFGAERGN
REPFLQALGLLWFRYHNLWAQRLARQHPDWEDEELFQHARKRVIATYQNIAVYEWLPSFL
QKTLPEYTGYRPFLDPSISSEFVAASEQFLSTMVPPGVYMRNASCHFQGVINRNSSVSRA
LRVCNSYWSREHPSLQSAEDVDALLLGMASQIAEREDHVLVEDVRDFWPGPLKFSRTDHL
ASCLQRGRDLGLPSYTKARAALGLSPITRWQDINPALSRSNDTVLEATAALYNQDLSWLE
LLPGGLLESHRDPGPLFSTIVLEQFVRLRDGDRYWFENTRNGLFSKKEIEEIRNTTLQDV
LVAVINIDPSALQPNVFVWHKGDPCPQPRQLSTEGLPACAPSVVRDYFEGSGFGFGVTIG
TLCCFPLVSLLSAWIVARLRMRNFKRLQGQDRQSIVSEKLVGGMEALEWQGHKEPCRPVL
VYLQPGQIRVVDGRLTVLRTIQLQPPQKVNFVLSSNRGRRTLLLKIPKEYDLVLLFNLEE
ERQALVENLRGALKESGLSIQEWELREQELMRAAVTREQRRHLLETFFRHLFSQVLDINQ
ADAGTLPLDSSQKVREALTCELSRAEFAESLGLKPQDMFVESMFSLADKDGNGYLSFREF
LDILVVFMKGSPEEKSRLMFRMYDFDGNGLISKDEFIRMLRSFIEISNNCLSKAQLAEVV
ESMFRESGFQDKEELTWEDFHFMLRDHNSELRFTQLCVKGVEVPEVIKDLCRRASYISQD
MICPSPRVSARCSRSDIETELTPQRLQCPMDTDPPQEIRRRFGKKVTSFQPLLFTEAHRE
KFQRSCLHQTVQQFKRFIENYRRHIGCVAVFYAIAGGLFLERAYYYAFAAHHTGITDTTR
VGIILSRGTAASISFMFSYILLTMCRNLITFLRETFLNRYVPFDAAVDFHRLIASTAIVL
TVLHSVGHVVNVYLFSISPLSVLSCLFPGLFHDDGSELPQKYYWWFFQTVPGLTGVVLLL
ILAIMYVFASHHFRRRSFRGFWLTHHLYILLYVLLIIHGSFALIQLPRFHIFFLVPAIIY
GGDKLVSLSRKKVEISVVKAELLPSGVTHLRFQRPQGFEYKSGQWVRIACLALGTTEYHP
FTLTSAPHEDTLSLHIRAAGPWTTRLREIYSAPTGDRCARYPKLYLDGPFGEGHQEWHKF
EVSVLVGGGIGVTPFASILKDLVFKSSVSCQVFCKKIYFIWVTRTQRQFEWLADIIREVE
ENDHQDLVSVHIYITQLAEKFDLRTTMLYICERHFQKVLNRSLFTGLRSITHFGRPPFEP
FFNSLQEVHPQVRKIGVFSCGPPGMTKNVEKACQLINRQDRTHFSHHYENF
Enzyme 114 Number of Residues 1551
Enzyme 114 Molecular Weight 177233.5
Enzyme 114 Theoretical pI 7.94
Enzyme 114 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • antioxidant activity
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • peroxidase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • response to oxidative stress
  • response to stimulus
  • response to stress
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 114 General Function Involved in calcium ion binding
Enzyme 114 Specific Function Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain
Enzyme 114 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 114 Reactions
  • NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O2 [RN:R07171 R07172]
Enzyme 114 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 114 Signals
  • 1-21
Enzyme 114 Transmembrane Regions
  • 597-617 1045-1065 1081-1101 1149-1171 1189-1209 1227-1247 1249-1269
Enzyme 114 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 114 GenBank ID Protein 20149640 Link Image
Enzyme 114 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NRD9 Link Image
Enzyme 114 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DUOX1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 114 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 114 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 114 Gene Sequence >4656 bp
ATGGGCTTCTGCCTGGCTCTAGCATGGACACTTCTGGTTGGGGCATGGACCCCTCTGGGA
GCTCAGAACCCCATTTCGTGGGAGGTGCAGCGATTTGATGGGTGGTACAACAACCTCATG
GAGCACAGATGGGGCAGCAAAGGCTCCCGGCTGCAGCGCCTGGTCCCAGCCAGCTATGCA
GATGGCGTGTACCAGCCCTTGGGAGAACCCCACCTGCCCAACCCCCGAGACCTTAGCAAC
ACCATCTCAAGGGGCCCTGCAGGGCTGGCCTCCCTGAGAAACCGCACAGTGTTGGGGGTC
TTCTTTGGCTATCACGTGCTTTCAGACCTGGTGAGCGTGGAAACTCCCGGCTGCCCCGCC
GAGTTCCTCAACATTCGCATCCCGCCCGGAGACCCCATGTTCGACCCCGACCAGCGCGGG
GACGTGGTGCTGCCCTTCCAGAGAAGCCGCTGGGACCCCGAGACCGGACGGAGTCCCAGC
AATCCCCGGGACCCGGCCAACCAGGTGACGGGCTGGCTGGACGGCAGCGCCATCTATGGT
TCCTCGCATTCCTGGAGCGACGCGCTGCGGAGCTTCTCCAGGGGACAGCTGGCGTCGGGG
CCCGACCCCGCTTTTCCCCGAGACTCGCAGAACCCCCTGCTCATGTGGGCGGCGCCCGAC
CCCGCCACCGGGCAGAACGGGCCCCGGGGGCTGTACGCCTTCGGGGCAGAGAGAGGGAAC
CGGGAACCCTTCCTGCAGGCGCTGGGCCTGCTCTGGTTCCGCTACCACAACCTGTGGGCG
CAGAGGCTGGCCCGCCAGCACCCAGACTGGGAGGACGAGGAGCTGTTCCAGCACGCACGC
AAGAGGGTCATCGCCACCTACCAGAACATCGCTGTGTATGAGTGGCTGCCCAGCTTCCTG
CAGAAAACACTCCCGGAGTATACAGGATACCGGCCATTTCTGGACCCCAGCATCTCCTCA
GAGTTCGTGGCGGCCTCTGAGCAGTTCCTGTCCACCATGGTGCCCCCTGGCGTCTACATG
AGAAATGCCAGCTGCCACTTCCAGGGGGTCATCAATCGGAACTCAAGTGTCTCCAGAGCT
CTCCGGGTCTGCAACAGCTACTGGAGCCGTGAGCACCCAAGCCTACAAAGTGCTGAAGAT
GTGGATGCACTGCTGCTGGGCATGGCCTCCCAGATCGCAGAGCGAGAGGACCATGTGTTG
GTTGAAGATGTGCGGGATTTCTGGCCTGGGCCACTGAAGTTTTCCCGCACAGACCACCTG
GCCAGCTGCCTGCAGCGGGGCCGGGATCTGGGCCTGCCCTCTTACACCAAGGCCAGGGCA
GCACTGGGCTTGTCTCCCATTACCCGCTGGCAGGACATCAACCCTGCACTCTCCCGGAGC
AATGACACTGTACTGGAGGCCACAGCTGCCCTGTACAACCAGGACTTATCCTGGCTAGAG
CTGCTCCCTGGGGGACTCCTGGAGAGCCACCGGGACCCTGGACCTCTGTTCAGCACCATC
GTCCTTGAACAATTTGTGCGGCTACGGGATGGTGACCGCTACTGGTTTGAGAACACCAGG
AATGGGCTGTTCTCCAAGAAGGAGATTGAAGAAATCCGAAATACCACCCTGCAGGACGTG
CTGGTCGCTGTTATCAACATTGACCCCAGTGCTCTGCAGCCCAATGTCTTTGTCTGGCAT
AAAGGAGACCCCTGTCCGCAGCCGAGACAGCTCAGCACTGAAGGCCTGCCAGCGTGTGCT
CCCTCTGTTGTTCGTGACTATTTTGAGGGCAGTGGATTTGGCTTCGGGGTCACCATCGGG
ACCCTCTGTTGCTTCCCTTTGGTGAGCCTGCTCAGTGCCTGGATTGTTGCCCGGCTCCGG
ATGAGAAATTTCAAGAGGCTCCAGGGCCAGGACCGCCAGAGCATCGTGTCTGAGAAGCTC
GTGGGAGGCATGGAAGCTTTGGAATGGCAAGGCCACAAGGAGCCCTGCCGGCCCGTGCTT
GTGTACCTGCAGCCCGGGCAGATCCGTGTGGTAGATGGCAGGCTCACCGTGCTCCGCACC
ATCCAGCTGCAGCCTCCACAGAAGGTCAACTTCGTCCTGTCCAGCAACCGTGGACGCCGC
ACTCTGCTGCTCAAGATCCCCAAGGAGTATGACCTGGTGCTGCTGTTTAACTTGGAGGAA
GAGCGGCAGGCGCTGGTGGAAAATCTCCGGGGAGCTCTGAAGGAGAGCGGGTTGAGCATC
CAGGAGTGGGAGCTGCGGGAGCAGGAGCTGATGAGAGCAGCTGTGACACGGGAGCAGCGG
AGGCACCTCCTGGAGACCTTTTTCAGGCACCTTTTCTCCCAGGTGCTGGACATCAACCAG
GCCGACGCAGGGACCCTGCCCCTGGACTCCTCCCAGAAGGTGCGGGAGGCCCTGACCTGT
GAGCTGAGCAGGGCCGAGTTTGCCGAGTCCCTGGGCCTCAAGCCCCAGGACATGTTTGTG
GAGTCCATGTTCTCTCTGGCTGACAAGGATGGCAATGGCTACCTGTCCTTCCGAGAGTTC
CTGGACATCCTGGTGGTCTTCATGAAAGGCTCTCCTGAGGAAAAGTCTCGCCTTATGTTC
CGCATGTACGACTTTGATGGGAATGGCCTCATTTCCAAGGATGAGTTCATCAGGATGCTG
AGATCCTTCATCGAGATCTCCAACAACTGCCTGTCCAAGGCCCAGCTGGCTGAGGTGGTG
GAGTCCATGTTCCGGGAGTCGGGATTCCAGGACAAGGAGGAACTGACATGGGAAGATTTT
CACTTCATGCTGCGGGACCACAATAGCGAGCTCCGCTTCACGCAGCTCTGTGTCAAAGGG
GTGGAGGTGCCTGAAGTCATCAAGGACCTCTGCCGGCGAGCCTCCTACATCAGCCAGGAT
ATGATCTGTCCCTCTCCCAGAGTGAGTGCCCGCTGTTCCCGCAGCGACATTGAGACTGAG
TTGACACCTCAGAGACTGCAGTGCCCCATGGACACAGACCCTCCCCAGGAGATTCGGCGG
AGGTTTGGCAAGAAGGTAACGTCATTCCAGCCCTTGCTGTTCACTGAGGCGCACCGAGAG
AAGTTCCAACGCAGCTGTCTCCACCAGACGGTGCAACAGTTCAAGCGCTTCATTGAGAAC
TACCGGCGCCACATCGGCTGCGTGGCCGTGTTCTACGCCATCGCTGGGGGGCTTTTCCTG
GAGAGGGCCTACTACTACGCCTTTGCCGCACATCACACGGGCATCACAGACACCACCCGC
GTGGGAATCATCCTGTCGCGGGGCACAGCAGCCAGCATCTCTTTCATGTTCTCCTACATC
TTGCTCACCATGTGCCGCAACCTCATCACCTTCCTGCGAGAAACCTTCCTCAACCGCTAC
GTGCCCTTCGACGCCGCCGTGGACTTCCATCGCCTCATTGCCTCCACCGCCATCGTCCTC
ACAGTCTTACACAGTGTGGGCCATGTGGTGAATGTGTACCTGTTCTCCATCAGCCCCCTC
AGCGTCCTCTCTTGCCTCTTTCCTGGCCTCTTCCATGATGATGGGTCTGAGCTCCCCCAG
AAGTATTACTGGTGGTTCTTCCAGACCGTACCAGGCCTCACGGGGGTTGTGCTGCTCCTG
ATCCTGGCCATCATGTATGTCTTTGCCTCCCACCACTTCCGCCGCCGCAGTTTCCGGGGC
TTCTGGCTGACCCACCACCTCTACATCCTGCTCTATGTCCTGCTCATCATCCATGGTAGC
TTTGCCCTGATCCAGCTGCCCCGTTTCCACATCTTCTTCCTGGTCCCAGCAATCATCTAT
GGGGGCGACAAGCTGGTGAGCCTGAGCCGGAAGAAGGTGGAGATCAGCGTGGTGAAGGCG
GAGCTGCTGCCCTCAGGAGTGACCCACCTGCGGTTCCAGCGGCCCCAGGGCTTTGAGTAC
AAGTCAGGGCAGTGGGTGCGGATCGCTTGCCTGGCTCTGGGGACCACCGAGTACCACCCC
TTCACACTGACCTCTGCGCCCCATGAGGACACGCTTAGCCTGCACATCCGGGCAGCAGGG
CCCTGGACCACTCGCCTCAGGGAGATCTACTCAGCCCCGACGGGTGACAGATGTGCCAGA
TACCCAAAGCTGTACCTTGATGGACCATTTGGAGAGGGCCACCAGGAGTGGCATAAGTTT
GAGGTGTCAGTGTTAGTGGGAGGGGGCATTGGGGTCACCCCTTTTGCCTCCATCCTCAAA
GACCTGGTCTTCAAGTCATCCGTCAGCTGCCAAGTGTTCTGTAAGAAGATCTACTTCATC
TGGGTGACGCGGACCCAGCGTCAGTTTGAGTGGCTGGCTGACATCATCCGAGAGGTGGAG
GAGAATGACCACCAGGACCTGGTGTCTGTGCACATCTACATCACCCAGCTGGCTGAGAAG
TTCGACCTCAGGACCACTATGCTGTACATCTGTGAGCGGCACTTCCAGAAGGTTCTGAAC
CGGAGTCTATTCACAGGCCTGCGCTCCATCACCCACTTTGGCCGTCCCCCCTTTGAGCCC
TTCTTCAACTCCCTGCAGGAGGTCCACCCCCAGGTCCGGAAGATCGGGGTGTTTAGCTGT
GGCCCCCCTGGCATGACCAAGAATGTGGAAAAGGCCTGTCAGCTCATCAACAGGCAGGAC
CGGACTCACTTCTCCCACCATTATGAGAACTTCTAG
Enzyme 114 GenBank Gene ID NM_017434.3 Link Image
Enzyme 114 GeneCard ID DUOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 114 GenAtlas ID DUOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 114 HGNC ID HGNC:3062 Link Image
Enzyme 114 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 114 Locus 15q15.3
Enzyme 114 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 114 General References
  1. De Deken X, Wang D, Many MC, Costagliola S, Libert F, Vassart G, Dumont JE, Miot F: Cloning of two human thyroid cDNAs encoding new members of the NADPH oxidase family. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 28;275(30):23227-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Edens WA, Sharling L, Cheng G, Shapira R, Kinkade JM, Lee T, Edens HA, Tang X, Sullards C, Flaherty DB, Benian GM, Lambeth JD: Tyrosine cross-linking of extracellular matrix is catalyzed by Duox, a multidomain oxidase/peroxidase with homology to the phagocyte oxidase subunit gp91phox. J Cell Biol. 2001 Aug 20;154(4):879-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Zody MC, Garber M, Sharpe T, Young SK, Rowen L, O'Neill K, Whittaker CA, Kamal M, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Kodira CD, Madan A, Qin S, Yang X, Abbasi N, Abouelleil A, Arachchi HM, Baradarani L, Birditt B, Bloom S, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Burke J, Butler J, Cook A, DeArellano K, DeCaprio D, Dorris L 3rd, Dors M, Eichler EE, Engels R, Fahey J, Fleetwood P, Friedman C, Gearin G, Hall JL, Hensley G, Johnson E, Jones C, Kamat A, Kaur A, Locke DP, Madan A, Munson G, Jaffe DB, Lui A, Macdonald P, Mauceli E, Naylor JW, Nesbitt R, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Ratcliffe A, Rounsley S, She X, Sneddon KM, Stewart S, Sougnez C, Stone SM, Topham K, Vincent D, Wang S, Zimmer AR, Birren BW, Hood L, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: Analysis of the DNA sequence and duplication history of human chromosome 15. Nature. 2006 Mar 30;440(7084):671-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. De Deken X, Wang D, Dumont JE, Miot F: Characterization of ThOX proteins as components of the thyroid H(2)O(2)-generating system. Exp Cell Res. 2002 Feb 15;273(2):187-96. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Geiszt M, Witta J, Baffi J, Lekstrom K, Leto TL: Dual oxidases represent novel hydrogen peroxide sources supporting mucosal surface host defense. FASEB J. 2003 Aug;17(11):1502-4. Epub 2003 Jun 3. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Schwarzer C, Machen TE, Illek B, Fischer H: NADPH oxidase-dependent acid production in airway epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 27;279(35):36454-61. Epub 2004 Jun 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Harper RW, Xu C, Eiserich JP, Chen Y, Kao CY, Thai P, Setiadi H, Wu R: Differential regulation of dual NADPH oxidases/peroxidases, Duox1 and Duox2, by Th1 and Th2 cytokines in respiratory tract epithelium. FEBS Lett. 2005 Aug 29;579(21):4911-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Wang D, De Deken X, Milenkovic M, Song Y, Pirson I, Dumont JE, Miot F: Identification of a novel partner of duox: EFP1, a thioredoxin-related protein. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jan 28;280(4):3096-103. Epub 2004 Nov 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Ameziane-El-Hassani R, Morand S, Boucher JL, Frapart YM, Apostolou D, Agnandji D, Gnidehou S, Ohayon R, Noel-Hudson MS, Francon J, Lalaoui K, Virion A, Dupuy C: Dual oxidase-2 has an intrinsic Ca2+-dependent H2O2-generating activity. J Biol Chem. 2005 Aug 26;280(34):30046-54. Epub 2005 Jun 22. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 114 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 115 [top]
Enzyme 115 ID 12722
Enzyme 115 Name Thioredoxin reductase 3
Enzyme 115 Synonyms
  1. Thioredoxin and glutathione reductase
  2. Thioredoxin reductase TR2
Enzyme 115 Gene Name TXNRD3
Enzyme 115 Protein Sequence >Thioredoxin reductase 3
VRVASEGSVRRPSGPVPAPQPPAFRFVSRPGRARSESETLERSPPQSPGPGKAGDAPNRR
SGHVRGARVLSPPGRRARLSSPGPSRSSEAREELRRHLVGLIERSRVVIFSKSYCPHSTR
VKELFSSLGVECNVLELDQVDDGARVQEVLSEITNQKTVPNIFVNKVHVGGCDQTFQAYQ
SGLLQKLLQEDLAYDYDLIIIGGGSGGLSCAKEAAILGKKVMVLDFVVPSPQGTSWGLGG
TCVNVGCIPKKLMHQAALLGQALCDSRKFGWEYNQQVRHNWETMTKAIQNHISSLNWGYR
LSLREKAVAYVNSYGEFVEHHKIKATNKKGQETYYTAAQFVIATGERPRYLGIQGDKEYC
ITSDDLFSLPYCPGKTLVVGASYVALECAGFLAGFGLDVTVMVRSILLRGFDQEMAEKVG
SYMEQHGVKFLRKFIPVMVQQLEKGSPGKLKVLAKSTEGTETIEGVYNTVLLAIGRDSCT
RKIGLEKIGVKINEKSGKIPVNDVEQTNVPYVYAVGDILEDKPELTPVAIQSGKLLAQRL
FGASLEKCDYINVPTTVFTPLEYGCCGLSEEKAIEVYKKENLEIYHTLFWPLEWTVAGRE
NNTCYAKIICNKFDHDRVIGFHILGPNAGEVTQGFAAAMKCGLTKQLLDDTIGIHPTCGE
VFTTLEITKSSGLDITQKGCUG
Enzyme 115 Number of Residues 682
Enzyme 115 Molecular Weight 74822.1
Enzyme 115 Theoretical pI 8.30
Enzyme 115 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NADP or NADPH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • antioxidant activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • disulfide oxidoreductase activity
  • electron carrier activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
  • protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity
Process
  • cell redox homeostasis
  • cellular homeostasis
  • cellular process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 115 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 115 Specific Function Displays thioredoxin reductase, glutaredoxin and glutathione reductase activities. Catalyzes disulfide bond isomerization. Promotes disulfide bond formation between GPX4 and various sperm proteins and may play a role in sperm maturation by promoting formation of sperm structural components
Enzyme 115 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 115 Reactions
  • thioredoxin + NADP+ = thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH + H+ [RN:R02016]
Enzyme 115 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 115 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 115 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 115 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 115 GenBank ID Protein 291045266 Link Image
Enzyme 115 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q86VQ6 Link Image
Enzyme 115 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name TRXR3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 115 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 115 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 115 Gene Sequence >1932 bp
CTGGAGCGGTCGCCGCCGCAGTCGCCCGGGCCGGGAAAGGCGGGCGATGCCCCCAACCGC
CGCTCGGGCCATGTCCGAGGGGCGCGCGTGTTGTCGCCGCCGGGGCGCCGTGCCCGCCTG
TCGTCCCCCGGGCCCAGCCGCTCGTCCGAGGCCCGCGAGGAGCTGCGCCGCCACCTCGTG
GGCCTCATCGAGCGCAGCCGGGTGGTGATCTTCAGCAAGAGCTACTGTCCCCATAGTACT
CGGGTGAAAGAACTCTTTTCTTCTTTGGGAGTCGAATGTAATGTCTTGGAACTTGATCAA
GTTGATGATGGGGCCAGGGTTCAAGAAGTGCTGTCAGAAATCACTAATCAGAAAACTGTG
CCCAATATTTTCGTGAATAAAGTGCATGTAGGTGGATGTGACCAAACTTTCCAGGCATAT
CAGAGTGGTTTGTTACAGAAGCTCCTTCAGGAAGATTTGGCATATGATTATGATCTCATC
ATCATCGGTGGTGGTTCTGGAGGCCTTTCATGTGCGAAGGAAGCTGCCATTTTGGGAAAG
AAAGTTATGGTGCTAGACTTTGTTGTCCCGTCACCTCAGGGCACATCCTGGGGTCTTGGT
GGCACTTGTGTAAATGTAGGTTGTATTCCTAAGAAATTGATGCATCAGGCTGCCCTTTTG
GGGCAGGCATTATGTGACTCAAGGAAATTTGGCTGGGAATATAATCAACAAGTGAGGCAC
AACTGGGAGACAATGACAAAAGCGATTCAGAACCACATCAGCTCTCTAAACTGGGGCTAC
AGGTTGTCTCTGAGGGAAAAGGCTGTGGCCTATGTCAATTCCTATGGAGAATTTGTTGAA
CATCATAAAATAAAGGCAACCAATAAAAAAGGACAGGAGACTTATTATACTGCTGCACAG
TTTGTCATAGCAACGGGTGAAAGGCCACGGTATTTAGGAATCCAAGGAGATAAAGAATAC
TGTATTACTAGTGATGACCTTTTTTCTCTGCCTTATTGCCCTGGCAAAACATTAGTGGTG
GGTGCCTCTTATGTTGCCCTGGAGTGTGCAGGGTTTCTGGCTGGCTTTGGCCTAGATGTC
ACAGTTATGGTACGCTCAATCCTTCTCCGTGGCTTCGACCAAGAAATGGCAGAAAAAGTG
GGTTCCTACATGGAGCAGCATGGTGTGAAGTTCCTACGGAAATTCATACCTGTGATGGTT
CAACAGTTGGAGAAAGGTTCACCTGGAAAGCTGAAAGTGTTGGCTAAATCCACTGAAGGA
ACAGAAACAATTGAAGGAGTCTATAACACAGTTTTGTTAGCTATTGGTCGTGACTCCTGT
ACAAGGAAAATAGGCTTGGAGAAGATTGGTGTCAAAATTAATGAGAAGAGTGGAAAAATA
CCTGTAAATGATGTGGAACAGACCAATGTGCCATATGTCTATGCTGTTGGTGATATTTTG
GAGGATAAGCCAGAGCTCACTCCTGTCGCCATACAGTCAGGCAAGCTGCTAGCTCAGAGA
CTTTTTGGGGCCTCTTTAGAAAAGTGTGATTATATTAATGTTCCGACTACAGTGTTTACT
CCTCTGGAGTATGGTTGCTGTGGATTATCTGAAGAGAAAGCTATTGAAGTATATAAAAAA
GAGAATCTAGAAATATATCATACTTTGTTCTGGCCTCTTGAATGGACAGTAGCTGGCAGA
GAGAACAACACTTGTTACGCAAAGATAATCTGCAATAAATTCGACCATGATCGGGTGATA
GGATTTCATATTCTTGGACCAAACGCCGGTGAGGTTACCCAAGGATTTGCAGCTGCAATG
AAATGTGGGCTCACAAAACAGCTACTTGATGACACCATTGGAATTCACCCCACATGTGGG
GAGGTGTTCACGACTTTGGAAATCACAAAGTCGTCAGGACTAGACATCACTCAGAAAGGC
TGCTGAGGCTAG
Enzyme 115 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Enzyme 115 GeneCard ID TXNRD3 Link Image
Enzyme 115 GenAtlas ID TXNRD3 Link Image
Enzyme 115 HGNC ID HGNC:20667 Link Image
Enzyme 115 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 115 Locus 3q21.3
Enzyme 115 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 115 General References
  1. Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Kaul R, Wang J, Yu J, Sudbrak R, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Wei S, Wheeler DA, Wright MW, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clendenning J, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Chen R, Chen Z, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Dong W, Draper H, Ernst S, Fu G, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Garcia DK, Gillett W, Gu J, Hao B, Haugen E, Havlak P, He X, Hennig S, Hu S, Huang W, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Kube M, Levy R, Li Z, Liu B, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Palmeiri A, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Phelps KA, Plopper FJ, Qiang B, Raymond C, Rodriguez R, Saenphimmachak C, Santibanez J, Shen H, Shen Y, Subramanian S, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang J, Wang J, Wang Q, Williams GA, Wong GK, Yao Z, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhao G, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Nelson D, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Naylor SL, Yang H, Olson M, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3. Nature. 2006 Apr 27;440(7088):1194-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Sun QA, Wu Y, Zappacosta F, Jeang KT, Lee BJ, Hatfield DL, Gladyshev VN: Redox regulation of cell signaling by selenocysteine in mammalian thioredoxin reductases. J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 27;274(35):24522-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 115 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 116 [top]
Enzyme 116 ID 12882
Enzyme 116 Name NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 1
Enzyme 116 Synonyms
  1. b5R.1
  2. Humb5R2
  3. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase type 3 polypeptide A2
Enzyme 116 Gene Name CYB5R1
Enzyme 116 Protein Sequence >NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 1
MGIQTSPVLLASLGVGLVTLLGLAVGSYLVRRSRRPQVTLLDPNEKYLLRLLDKTTVSHN
TKRFRFALPTAHHTLGLPVGKHIYLSTRIDGSLVIRPYTPVTSDEDQGYVDLVIKVYLKG
VHPKFPEGGKMSQYLDSLKVGDVVEFRGPSGLLTYTGKGHFNIQPNKKSPPEPRVAKKLG
MIAGGTGITPMLQLIRAILKVPEDPTQCFLLFANQTEKDIILREDLEELQARYPNRFKLW
FTLDHPPKDWAYSKGFVTADMIREHLPAPGDDVLVLLCGPPPMVQLACHPNLDKLGYSQK
MRFTY
Enzyme 116 Number of Residues 305
Enzyme 116 Molecular Weight 34094.6
Enzyme 116 Theoretical pI 9.82
Enzyme 116 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 116 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 116 Specific Function NADH-cytochrome b5 reductases are involved in desaturation and elongation of fatty acids, cholesterol biosynthesis, drug metabolism, and, in erythrocyte, methemoglobin reduction
Enzyme 116 Pathways
Enzyme 116 Reactions
  • NADH + 2 ferricytochrome b5 = NAD+ + H+ + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 [RN:R00100]
Enzyme 116 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 116 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 116 Transmembrane Regions
  • 8-28
Enzyme 116 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 116 GenBank ID Protein 33150662 Link Image
Enzyme 116 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UHQ9 Link Image
Enzyme 116 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NB5R1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 116 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 116 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 116 Gene Sequence >918 bp
ATGGGGATCCAGACGAGCCCCGTCCTGCTGGCCTCCCTGGGGGTGGGGCTGGTCACTCTG
CTCGGCCTGGCTGTGGGCTCCTACTTGGTTCGGAGGTCCCGCCGGCCTCAGGTCACTCTC
CTGGACCCCAATGAAAAGTACCTGCTACGACTGCTAGACAAGACGACTGTGAGCCACAAC
ACCAAGAGGTTCCGCTTTGCCCTGCCCACCGCCCACCACACTCTGGGGCTGCCTGTGGGC
AAACATATCTACCTCTCCACCCGAATTGATGGCAGCCTGGTCATCAGGCCATACACTCCT
GTCACCAGTGATGAGGATCAAGGCTATGTGGATCTTGTCATCAAGGTCTACCTGAAGGGT
GTGCACCCCAAATTTCCTGAGGGAGGGAAGATGTCTCAGTACCTGGATAGCCTGAAGGTT
GGGGATGTGGTGGAGTTTCGGGGGCCAAGCGGGTTGCTCACTTACACTGGAAAAGGGCAT
TTTAACATTCAGCCCAACAAGAAATCTCCACCAGAACCCCGAGTGGCGAAGAAACTGGGA
ATGATTGCCGGCGGGACAGGAATCACCCCAATGCTACAGCTGATCCGGGCCATCCTGAAA
GTCCCTGAAGATCCAACCCAGTGCTTTCTGCTTTTTGCCAACCAGACAGAAAAGGATATC
ATCTTGCGGGAGGACTTAGAGGAACTGCAGGCCCGCTATCCCAATCGCTTTAAGCTCTGG
TTCACTCTGGATCATCCCCCAAAAGATTGGGCCTACAGCAAGGGCTTTGTGACTGCCGAC
ATGATCCGGGAACACCTGCCCGCTCCAGGGGATGATGTGCTGGTACTGCTTTGTGGGCCA
CCCCCAATGGTGCAGCTGGCCTGCCATCCCAACTTGGACAAACTGGGCTACTCACAAAAG
ATGCGATTCACCTACTGA
Enzyme 116 GenBank Gene ID AF087912 Link Image
Enzyme 116 GeneCard ID CYB5R1 Link Image
Enzyme 116 GenAtlas ID CYB5R1 Link Image
Enzyme 116 HGNC ID HGNC:13397 Link Image
Enzyme 116 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 116 Locus 1p36.13-q41
Enzyme 116 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 116 General References
  1. Zhu H, Qiu H, Yoon HW, Huang S, Bunn HF: Identification of a cytochrome b-type NAD(P)H oxidoreductase ubiquitously expressed in human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Dec 21;96(26):14742-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Otsuki T, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Hayashi K, Suzuki Y, Yamamoto J, Wakamatsu A, Kimura K, Sakamoto K, Hatano N, Kawai Y, Ishii S, Saito K, Kojima S, Sugiyama T, Ono T, Okano K, Yoshikawa Y, Aotsuka S, Sasaki N, Hattori A, Okumura K, Nagai K, Sugano S, Isogai T: Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries. DNA Res. 2005;12(2):117-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 116 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 117 [top]
Enzyme 117 ID 12883
Enzyme 117 Name NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 2
Enzyme 117 Synonyms
  1. b5R.2
Enzyme 117 Gene Name CYB5R2
Enzyme 117 Protein Sequence >NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 2
MNSRRREPITLQDPEAKYPLPLIEKEKISHNTRRFRFGLPSPDHVLGLPVGNYVQLLAKI
DNELVVRAYTPVSSDDDRGFVDLIIKIYFKNVHPQYPEGGKMTQYLENMKIGETIFFRGP
RGRLFYHGPGNLGIRPDQTSEPKKTLADHLGMIAGGTGITPMLQLIRHITKDPSDRTRMS
LIFANQTEEDILVRKELEEIARTHPDQFNLWYTLDRPPIGWKYSSGFVTADMIKEHLPPP
AKSTLILVCGPPPLIQTAAHPNLEKLGYTQDMIFTY
Enzyme 117 Number of Residues 276
Enzyme 117 Molecular Weight 31458.0
Enzyme 117 Theoretical pI 8.83
Enzyme 117 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 117 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 117 Specific Function NADH-cytochrome b5 reductases are involved in desaturation and elongation of fatty acids, cholesterol biosynthesis, drug metabolism, and, in erythrocyte, methemoglobin reduction. Responsible for NADH-dependent lucigenin chemiluminescence in spermatozoa by reducing both lucigenin and 2-[4-iodophenyl]-3-[4-nitrophenyl]-5-[2,4- disulfophenyl]-2H tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-1)
Enzyme 117 Pathways
Enzyme 117 Reactions
  • NADH + 2 ferricytochrome b5 = NAD+ + H+ + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 [RN:R00100]
Enzyme 117 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 117 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 117 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 117 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 117 GenBank ID Protein 6166390 Link Image
Enzyme 117 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q6BCY4 Link Image
Enzyme 117 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NB5R2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 117 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 117 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 117 Gene Sequence >831 bp
ATGAACTCCAGGAGGAGAGAGCCAATCACCTTACAGGACCCTGAAGCCAAGTACCCGCTG
CCATTGATTGAGAAAGAGAAAATCAGCCACAACACCCGGAGGTTCCGCTTTGGACTGCCT
TCGCCGGACCATGTCTTAGGGCTTCCTGTAGGTAACTATGTCCAGCTCTTGGCAAAAATC
GATAATGAATTGGTGGTCAGGGCTTACACCCCTGTCTCCAGTGATGATGACAGAGGCTTT
GTGGACCTAATTATAAAGATCTACTTCAAAAATGTACACCCCCAATATCCTGAAGGTGGG
AAGATGACTCAGTATTTGGAGAACATGAAAATCGGGGAGACCATCTTTTTTCGAGGCCCA
AGGGGACGCTTGTTTTACCATGGGCCACGGAATCTTGGAATCAGACCAGACCAGACGAGT
GAGCCTAAAAAAACACTGGCCGATCACCTGGGAATGATTGCTGGGGGCACAGGCATCACA
CCCATGTTGCAGCTCATTCGCCACATCACCAAGGACCCCAGTGACAGGACCAGGATGTCC
CTCATCTTTGCCAACCAGACAGAGGAGGATATCTTGGTCAGAAAAGAGCTTGAAGAAATT
GCCAGGACTCACCCAGACCAGTTCGACCTGTGGTACACCCTGGACAGGCCTCCCATTGGC
TGGAAGTACAGCTCAGGCTTCGTTACTGCCGACATGATCAAGGAGCACCTTCCTCCTCCA
GCGAAGTCCACGCTCATCCTGGTGTGTGGCCCGCCAACACTGATCCAGACGGCGGCTCAC
CCTAACCTGGAGAAGCTGGGTTATACCCAGGACATGATTTTCACCTACTAA
Enzyme 117 GenBank Gene ID AF169802 Link Image
Enzyme 117 GeneCard ID CYB5R2 Link Image
Enzyme 117 GenAtlas ID CYB5R2 Link Image
Enzyme 117 HGNC ID HGNC:24376 Link Image
Enzyme 117 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 117 Locus 11p15.4
Enzyme 117 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 117 General References
  1. Zhu H, Qiu H, Yoon HW, Huang S, Bunn HF: Identification of a cytochrome b-type NAD(P)H oxidoreductase ubiquitously expressed in human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Dec 21;96(26):14742-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Baker MA, Krutskikh A, Curry BJ, Hetherington L, Aitken RJ: Identification of cytochrome-b5 reductase as the enzyme responsible for NADH-dependent lucigenin chemiluminescence in human spermatozoa. Biol Reprod. 2005 Aug;73(2):334-42. Epub 2005 Apr 27. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 117 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 118 [top]
Enzyme 118 ID 12884
Enzyme 118 Name Cytochrome b5 reductase 4
Enzyme 118 Synonyms
  1. Flavohemoprotein b5/b5R
  2. b5+b5R
  3. N-terminal cytochrome b5 and cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase domain-containing protein
  4. cb5/cb5R
Enzyme 118 Gene Name CYB5R4
Enzyme 118 Protein Sequence >Cytochrome b5 reductase 4
MLNVPSQSFPAPRSQQRVASGGRSKVPLKQGRSLMDWIRLTKSGKDLTGLKGRLIEVTEE
ELKKHNKKDDCWICIRGFVYNVSPYMEYHPGGEDELMRAAGSDGTELFDQVHRWVNYESM
LKECLVGRMAIKPAVLKDYREEEKKVLNGMLPKSQVTDTLAKEGPSYPSYDWFQTDSLVT
IAIYTKQKDINLDSIIVDHQNDSFRAETIIKDCLYLIHIGLSHEVQEDFSVRVVESVGKI
EIVLQKKENTSWDFLGHPLKNHNSLIPRKDTGLYYRKCQLISKEDVTHDTRLFCLMLPPS
THLQVPIGQHVYLKLPITGTEIVKPYTPVSGSLLSEFKEPVLPNNKYIYFLIKIYPTGLF
TPELDRLQIGDFVSVSSPEGNFKISKFQELEDLFLLAAGTGFTPMVKILNYALTDIPSLR
KVKLMFFNKTEDDIIWRSQLEKLAFKDKRLDVEFVLSAPISEWNGKQGHISPALLSEFLK
RNLDKSKVLVCICGPVPFTEQGVRLLHDLNFSKNEIHSFTA
Enzyme 118 Number of Residues 521
Enzyme 118 Molecular Weight 59473.2
Enzyme 118 Theoretical pI 7.82
Enzyme 118 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 118 General Function Involved in heme binding
Enzyme 118 Specific Function NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase involved in endolasmic reticulum stress response pathway. Plays a critical role in protecting pancreatic beta-cells against oxidant stress, possibly by protecting the cell from excess buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Reduces a variety of substrates in vitro, such as cytochrome c, feericyanide and methemoglobin
Enzyme 118 Pathways
Enzyme 118 Reactions
  • NADH + 2 ferricytochrome b5 = NAD+ + H+ + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 [RN:R00100]
Enzyme 118 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 118 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 118 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 118 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 118 GenBank ID Protein 84875541 Link Image
Enzyme 118 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q7L1T6 Link Image
Enzyme 118 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NB5R4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 118 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 118 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 118 Gene Sequence >1566 bp
ATGCTGAACGTCCCTTCCCAGTCTTTCCCGGCCCCCAGGTCGCAGCAGCGTGTCGCCTCC
GGGGGGCGTAGCAAGGTACCTTTAAAACAGGGCAGAAGCCTTATGGATTGGATTCGACTG
ACCAAAAGTGGAAAGGATCTAACGGGATTAAAAGGCAGGTTAATTGAAGTAACTGAAGAA
GAACTTAAGAAACACAACAAAAAAGATGATTGTTGGATATGCATAAGAGGTTTCGTTTAT
AATGTCAGCCCTTATATGGAGTATCATCCTGGTGGAGAAGATGAACTAATGAGAGCAGCA
GGATCAGATGGTACTGAACTTTTTGATCAGGTTCATCGTTGGGTCAATTATGAATCCATG
CTGAAAGAATGCCTGGTTGGCAGAATGGCCATTAAACCTGCTGTTCTGAAAGACTATCGT
GAGGAGGAAAAGAAAGTCTTAAATGGCATGCTTCCCAAGAGCCAAGTGACAGATACACTT
GCCAAAGAAGGTCCTAGTTATCCAAGCTATGATTGGTTCCAAACAGACTCTTTAGTCACC
ATTGCCATATATACTAAACAGAAGGATATCAATTTAGACTCAATAATAGTTGATCATCAG
AATGATTCCTTTAGAGCAGAAACAATTATTAAGGATTGTTTATATCTTATACATATTGGG
CTAAGCCATGAGGTTCAGGAAGATTTTTCTGTGCGGGTTGTTGAGAGTGTGGGAAAAATA
GAGATTGTTCTACAAAAAAAAGAGAATACTTCTTGGGACTTTCTTGGCCATCCCCTGAAG
AATCATAATTCACTTATTCCAAGGAAAGATACAGGTTTGTACTACAGAAAGTGCCAGTTA
ATTTCCAAGGAAGATGTTACTCATGATACGAGGCTTTTCTGTTTGATGCTGCCACCAAGC
ACTCATCTTCAAGTGCCCATTGGGCAACATGTTTACCTCAAGCTACCTATTACAGGTACA
GAAATAGTAAAGCCATATACACCTGTATCTGGTTCCTTACTCTCAGAGTTCAAGGAACCA
GTTCTTCCCAACAATAAATACATCTACTTTTTGATAAAAATCTATCCCACTGGACTCTTC
ACACCAGAGCTTGATCGTCTTCAGATTGGAGATTTTGTTTCTGTAAGCAGTCCTGAGGGC
AATTTTAAAATATCCAAGTTCCAAGAATTAGAAGATCTCTTTTTGTTGGCAGCTGGAACA
GGCTTCACACCAATGGTTAAAATACTGAATTATGCTTTGACTGATATACCCAGTCTCAGG
AAAGTGAAGCTGATGTTCTTCAATAAAACAGAAGATGATATAATTTGGAGAAGCCAATTG
GAGAAATTAGCATTTAAAGATAAAAGACTGGATGTTGAATTTGTTCTCTCAGCACCTATT
TCTGAATGGAATGGCAAACAGGGACATATTTCACCAGCTCTTCTTTCTGAATTTTTGAAA
AGAAATTTGGACAAATCCAAAGTTCTCGTCTGCATTTGTGGACCAGTGCCATTTACAGAA
CAAGGAGTAAGGTTGCTGCATGATCTCAACTTTTCCAAAAATGAGATCCATAGTTTTACA
GCATAA
Enzyme 118 GenBank Gene ID NM_016230.3 Link Image
Enzyme 118 GeneCard ID CYB5R4 Link Image
Enzyme 118 GenAtlas ID CYB5R4 Link Image
Enzyme 118 HGNC ID HGNC:20147 Link Image
Enzyme 118 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 118 Locus 6pter-q22.33
Enzyme 118 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 118 General References
  1. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Zhu H, Qiu H, Yoon HW, Huang S, Bunn HF: Identification of a cytochrome b-type NAD(P)H oxidoreductase ubiquitously expressed in human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Dec 21;96(26):14742-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Andersen G, Wegner L, Rose CS, Xie J, Zhu H, Larade K, Johansen A, Ek J, Lauenborg J, Drivsholm T, Borch-Johnsen K, Damm P, Hansen T, Bunn HF, Pedersen O: Variation in NCB5OR: studies of relationships to type 2 diabetes, maturity-onset diabetes of the young, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 2004 Nov;53(11):2992-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Zhu H, Larade K, Jackson TA, Xie J, Ladoux A, Acker H, Berchner-Pfannschmidt U, Fandrey J, Cross AR, Lukat-Rodgers GS, Rodgers KR, Bunn HF: NCB5OR is a novel soluble NAD(P)H reductase localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 16;279(29):30316-25. Epub 2004 May 6. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 118 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 119 [top]
Enzyme 119 ID 12885
Enzyme 119 Name NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase-like
Enzyme 119 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 119 Gene Name CYB5RL
Enzyme 119 Protein Sequence >NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase-like
MAEREEDDDTEEAWMQLRPTEPLPSQCCGSGCSPCVFDLYHRDLARWEAAQASKDRSLLR
GPESQSCPSKLNPETFVAFCIIAMDRLTKDTYRVRFALPGNSQLGLRPGQHLILRGIVDD
LEIQRAYTPISPANAEGYFEVLIKCYQMGLMSRYVESWRVGDTAFWRGPFGDFFYKPNQY
GELLLLAAGTGLAPMVPILQSITDNENDETFVTLVGCFKTFESIYLKTFLQEQARFWNVR
TFFVLSQESSSEQLPWSYQEKTHFGHLGQDLIKELVSCCRRKPFALVCGSAEFTKDIARC
LLCAGLTEDSYFLF
Enzyme 119 Number of Residues 314
Enzyme 119 Molecular Weight 35760.4
Enzyme 119 Theoretical pI 4.79
Enzyme 119 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 119 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 119 Specific Function NADH-cytochrome b5 reductases are involved in desaturation and elongation of fatty acids, cholesterol biosynthesis, drug metabolism, and, in erythrocyte, methemoglobin reduction
Enzyme 119 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 119 Reactions
  • NADH + 2 ferricytochrome b5 = NAD+ + H+ + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 [RN:R00100]
Enzyme 119 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 119 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 119 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 119 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 119 GenBank ID Protein 134133308 Link Image
Enzyme 119 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q6IPT4 Link Image
Enzyme 119 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NB5R5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 119 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 119 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 119 Gene Sequence >948 bp
ATGATGGCTGAGAGGGAAGAGGACGACGACACTGAGGAAGCCTGGATGCAGCTACGGCCC
ACAGAACCCTTGCCTTCCCAGTGCTGCGGCAGTGGCTGCTCACCCTGTGTGTTTGACCTC
TATCACCGAGATCTGGCAAGGTGGGAGGCAGCCCAAGCCAGCAAGGACAGGAGCCTGCTG
CGTGGGCCAGAGTCACAGAGCTGCCCCTCCAAGCTGAACCCAGAGACCTTCGTGGCCTTC
TGCATCATTGCCATGGACAGGCTCACTAAGGACACCTACCGTGTCCGGTTTGCTCTACCC
GGGAACAGCCAGCTTGGCCTGCGGCCCGGCCAGCACCTCATCCTACGAGGGATAGTAGAT
GACTTAGAAATTCAGAGAGCCTATACGCCCATCAGCCCTGCCAACGCAGAAGGATACTTT
GAAGTGTTAATTAAGTGCTACCAGATGGGGCTGATGTCCCGGTATGTTGAGTCCTGGAGA
GTAGGAGACACAGCTTTCTGGCGAGGACCTTTCGGAGATTTCTTCTATAAACCAAACCAG
TATGGTGAGCTCCTCTTGCTGGCTGCGGGCACGGGCCTGGCCCCCATGGTGCCTATCCTG
CAGAGCATCACAGACAATGAGAATGACGAGACTTTTGTCACTCTGGTCGGTTGCTTCAAG
ACCTTTGAGAGCATCTACCTGAAAACCTTCCTCCAAGAGCAGGCCCGTTTCTGGAATGTC
CGTACCTTCTTTGTACTCAGCCAGGAGAGCTCCTCAGAGCAGCTTCCCTGGAGTTACCAA
GAGAAAACCCACTTTGGCCACCTGGGCCAGGACCTAATTAAAGAGCTGGTCAGCTGCTGT
CGGAGAAAGCCATTCGCACTGGTCTGTGGCTCGGCTGAGTTCACCAAAGACATAGCCAGG
TGCTTACTGTGCGCAGGCCTCACTGAGGACTCCTATTTCCTCTTCTAG
Enzyme 119 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Enzyme 119 GeneCard ID CYB5RL Link Image
Enzyme 119 GenAtlas ID CYB5RL Link Image
Enzyme 119 HGNC ID HGNC:32220 Link Image
Enzyme 119 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 119 Locus 1p32.3
Enzyme 119 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 119 General References
  1. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 119 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 120 [top]
Enzyme 120 ID 13008
Enzyme 120 Name Putative uncharacterized protein DKFZp686B0215
Enzyme 120 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 120 Gene Name DKFZp686B0215
Enzyme 120 Protein Sequence >Putative uncharacterized protein DKFZp686B0215
MWTFLGIATFTYFYKKFGDFITLANREVLLCVLVFLSLGLVLSYRCRHRNGGLLGRQQSG
SQFALFSDILSGLPFIGFFWAKSPPESENKEQLEARRRRKGTNISETSLIGTAACTSTSS
QNDPEVIIVGAGVLGSALAAVLSRDGRKVTVIERDLKEPDRIVGEFLQPGGYHVLKDLGL
GDTVEGLDAQVVNGYMIHDQESKSEVQIPYPLSENNQVQSGRAFHHGRFIMSLRKAAMAE
PNAKFIEGVVLQLLEEDDVVMGVQYKDKETGDIKELHAPLTVVADGLFSKFRKSLVSNKV
SVSSHFVGFLMKNAPQFKANHAELILANPGPVLIYQISSSETRVLVDIRGEMPRNLREYM
VEKIYPQIPDHLKEPFLEATDNSHLRSMPASFLPPSSVKKRGVLLLGDAYNMRHPLTGGG
MTVAFKDIKLWRKLLKGIPDLYDDAAIFEAKKSFYWARKTSHSFVVNILAQALYELFSAT
DDSLHQLGKACFLYFKLGGECVAGPVGLLSVLSPNPLVLIGHFFAVAIYAVYFCFKSEPW
ITKPRALLSSGAVLYKACSVIFPLIYSEMKYMVH
Enzyme 120 Number of Residues 574
Enzyme 120 Molecular Weight 63793.4
Enzyme 120 Theoretical pI 8.73
Enzyme 120 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • squalene monooxygenase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 120 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 120 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 120 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 120 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 120 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 120 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 120 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 120 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 120 GenBank ID Protein 57997512 Link Image
Enzyme 120 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q5HYI4 Link Image
Enzyme 120 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Q5HYI4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 120 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 120 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 120 Gene Sequence >1725 bp
ATGTGGACTTTTCTGGGCATTGCCACTTTCACCTATTTTTATAAGAAGTTCGGGGACTTC
ATCACTTTGGCCAACAGGGAGGTCCTGTTGTGCGTGCTGGTGTTCCTCTCGCTGGGCCTG
GTGCTCTCCTACCGCTGTCGCCACCGAAACGGGGGTCTCCTCGGGCGCCAGCAGAGCGGC
TCCCAGTTCGCCCTCTTCTCGGATATTCTCTCAGGCCTGCCTTTCATTGGCTTCTTCTGG
GCCAAATCCCCCCCTGAATCAGAAAATAAGGAGCAGCTCGAGGCCAGGAGGCGCAGAAAA
GGAACCAATATTTCAGAAACAAGCTTAATAGGAACAGCTGCCTGTACATCAACATCTTCT
CAGAATGACCCAGAAGTTATCATCGTGGGAGCTGGCGTGCTTGGCTCTGCTTTGGCAGCT
GTGCTTTCCAGAGATGGAAGAAAGGTGACAGTCATTGAGAGAGACTTAAAAGAGCCTGAC
AGAATAGTTGGAGAATTCCTGCAGCCGGGTGGTTATCATGTTCTCAAAGACCTTGGTCTT
GGAGATACAGTGGAAGGTCTTGATGCCCAGGTTGTAAATGGTTACATGATTCATGATCAG
GAAAGCAAATCAGAGGTTCAGATTCCTTACCCTCTGTCAGAAAACAATCAAGTGCAGAGT
GGAAGAGCTTTCCATCACGGAAGATTCATCATGAGTCTCCGGAAAGCAGCTATGGCAGAG
CCCAATGCAAAGTTTATTGAAGGTGTTGTGTTACAGTTATTAGAGGAAGATGATGTTGTG
ATGGGAGTTCAGTACAAGGATAAAGAGACTGGAGATATCAAGGAACTCCATGCTCCACTG
ACTGTTGTTGCAGATGGGCTTTTCTCCAAGTTCAGGAAAAGCCTGGTCTCCAATAAAGTT
TCTGTATCATCTCATTTTGTTGGCTTTCTTATGAAGAATGCACCACAGTTTAAAGCAAAT
CATGCTGAACTTATTTTAGCTAACCCGGGTCCAGTTCTCATCTACCAGATTTCATCCAGT
GAAACTCGAGTACTTGTTGACATTAGAGGAGAAATGCCAAGGAATTTAAGAGAATACATG
GTTGAAAAAATTTACCCACAAATACCTGATCACCTGAAAGAACCATTCTTAGAAGCCACT
GACAATTCTCATCTGAGGTCCATGCCAGCAAGCTTCCTTCCTCCTTCATCAGTGAAGAAA
CGAGGTGTTCTTCTTTTGGGAGACGCATATAATATGAGGCATCCACTTACTGGTGGAGGA
ATGACTGTTGCTTTTAAAGATATAAAACTATGGAGAAAACTGCTAAAGGGTATCCCTGAC
CTTTATGATGATGCAGCTATTTTCGAGGCCAAAAAATCATTTTACTGGGCAAGAAAAACA
TCTCATTCCTTTGTCGTGAATATCCTTGCTCAGGCTCTTTATGAATTATTTTCTGCCACA
GATGATTCCCTGCATCAACTAGGAAAAGCCTGTTTTCTTTATTTCAAACTTGGTGGCGAA
TGTGTTGCGGGTCCTGTTGGGCTGCTTTCTGTATTGTCTCCTAACCCTCTAGTTTTAATT
GGACACTTCTTTGCTGTTGCAATCTATGCCGTGTATTTTTGCTTTAAGTCAGAACCTTGG
ATTACAAAACCTCGAGCCCTTCTCAGTAGTGGTGCTGTATTGTACAAAGCGTGTTCTGTA
ATATTTCCTCTAATTTACTCAGAAATGAAGTATATGGTTCATTAA
Enzyme 120 GenBank Gene ID BX647605 Link Image
Enzyme 120 GeneCard ID DKFZp686B0215 Link Image
Enzyme 120 GenAtlas ID DKFZp686B0215 Link Image
Enzyme 120 HGNC ID HGNC:11279 Link Image
Enzyme 120 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 120 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 120 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 120 General References Not Available
Enzyme 120 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 121 [top]
Enzyme 121 ID 13016
Enzyme 121 Name cDNA FLJ76840, highly similar to Homo sapiens succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein
Enzyme 121 Synonyms
  1. Fp
  2. SDHA, mRNA
  3. Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein
  4. Fp, isoform CRA_b
Enzyme 121 Gene Name SDHA
Enzyme 121 Protein Sequence >cDNA FLJ76840, highly similar to Homo sapiens succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein
MSGVRGLSRLLSARRLALAKAWPTVLQTGTRGFHFTVDGNKRASAKVSDSISAQYPVVDH
EFDAVVVGAGGAGLRAAFGLSEAGFNTACVTKLFPTRSHTVAAQGGINAALGNMEEDNWR
WHFYDTVKGSDWLGDQDAIHYMTEQAPAAVVELENYGMPFSRTEDGKIYQRAFGGQSLKF
GKGGQAHRCCCVADRTGHSLLHTLYGRSLRYDTSYFVEYFALDLLMENGECRGVIALCIE
DGSIHRIRAKNTVVATGGYGRTYFSCTSAHTSTGDGTAMITRAGLPCQDLEFVQFHPTGI
YGAGCLITEGCRGEGGILINSQGERFMERYAPVAKDLASRDVVSRSMTLEIREGRGCGPE
KDHVYLQLHHLPPEQLATRLPGISETAMIFAGVDVTKEPIPVLPTVHYNMGGIPTNYKGQ
VLRHVNGQDQIVPGLYACGEAACASVHGANRLGANSLLDLVVFGRACALSIEESCRPGDK
VPPIKPNAGEESVMNLDKLRFADGSIRTSELRLSMQKSMQNHAAVFRVGSVLQEGCGKIS
KLYGDLKHLKTFDRGMVWNTDLVETLELQNLMLCALQTIYGAEARKESRGAHAREDYKVR
IDEYDYSKPIQGQQKKPFEEHWRKHTLSYVDVGTGKVTLEYRPVIDKTLNEADCATVPPA
IRSY
Enzyme 121 Number of Residues 664
Enzyme 121 Molecular Weight 72692
Enzyme 121 Theoretical pI 7.41
Enzyme 121 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 121 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 121 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 121 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 121 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 121 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 121 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 121 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 121 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 121 GenBank ID Protein 158256058 Link Image
Enzyme 121 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A8K5J6 Link Image
Enzyme 121 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A8K5J6_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 121 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 121 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 121 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 121 GenBank Gene ID AK291311 Link Image
Enzyme 121 GeneCard ID A8K5J6 Link Image
Enzyme 121 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 121 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 121 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 121 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 121 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 121 General References Not Available
Enzyme 121 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 122 [top]
Enzyme 122 ID 13021
Enzyme 122 Name cDNA FLJ76015, highly similar to Homo sapiens glutaryl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase
Enzyme 122 Synonyms
  1. GCDH, nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, transcript variant 1, mRNA
  2. Glutaryl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, isoform CRA_a
Enzyme 122 Gene Name GCDH
Enzyme 122 Protein Sequence >cDNA FLJ76015, highly similar to Homo sapiens glutaryl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase
MALRGVSVRLLSRGPGLHVLRTWVSSAAQTEKGGRTQSQLAKSSRPEFDWQDPLVLEEQL
TTDEILIRDTFRTYCQERLMPRILLANRNEVFHREIISEMGELGVLGPTIKGYGCAGVSS
VAYGLLARELERVDSGYRSAMSVQSSLVMHPIYAYGSEEQRQKYLPQLAKGELLGCFGLT
EPNSGSDPSSMETRAHYNSSNKSYTLNGTKTWITNSPMADLFVVWARCEDGCIRGFLLEK
GMRGLSAPRIQGKFSLRASATGMIIMDGVEVPEENVLPGASSLGGPFGCLNNARYGIAWG
VLGASEFCLHTARQYALDRMQFGVPLARNQLIQKKLADMLTEITLGLHACLQLGRLKDQD
KAAPEMVSLLKRNNCGKALDIARQARDMLGGNGISDEYHVIRHAMNLEAVNTYEGTHDIH
ALILGRAITGIQAFTASK
Enzyme 122 Number of Residues 438
Enzyme 122 Molecular Weight 48128
Enzyme 122 Theoretical pI 8.15
Enzyme 122 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 122 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 122 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 122 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 122 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 122 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 122 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 122 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 122 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 122 GenBank ID Protein 158261837 Link Image
Enzyme 122 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A8K2Z2 Link Image
Enzyme 122 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A8K2Z2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 122 PDB ID 1SIR Link Image
Enzyme 122 PDB File Show
Enzyme 122 3D Structure
Enzyme 122 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 122 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 122 GenBank Gene ID AK290407 Link Image
Enzyme 122 GeneCard ID A8K2Z2 Link Image
Enzyme 122 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 122 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 122 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 122 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 122 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 122 General References Not Available
Enzyme 122 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 123 [top]
Enzyme 123 ID 13023
Enzyme 123 Name Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, long chain
Enzyme 123 Synonyms
  1. Putative uncharacterized protein ACADL
Enzyme 123 Gene Name ACADL
Enzyme 123 Protein Sequence >Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, long chain
MAARLLRGSLRVLGGHRAPRQLPAARCSHSGGEERLETPSAKKLTDIGIRRIFSPEHDIF
RKSVRKFFQEEVIPHHSEWEKAGEVSREVWEKAGKQGLLGVNIAEHLGGIGGDLYSAAIV
WEEQAYSNCSGPGFSIHSGIVMSYITNHGSEEQIKHFIPQMTAGKCIGAIAMTEPGAGSD
LQGIKTNAKKDGSDWILNGSKVFISNGSLSDVVIVVAVTNHEAPSPAHGISLFLVENGMK
GFIKGRKLHKMGLKAQDTAELFFEDIRLPASALLGEENKGFYYIMKELPQERLLIADVAI
SASEFMFEETRNYVKQRKAFGKTVAHLQTVQHKLAELKTHICVTRAFVDNCLQLHEAKRL
DSATACMAKYWASELQNSVAYDCVQLHGGWGYMWEYPIAKAYVDARVQPIYGGTNEIMKE
LIAREIVFDK
Enzyme 123 Number of Residues 430
Enzyme 123 Molecular Weight 47656
Enzyme 123 Theoretical pI 7.89
Enzyme 123 GO Classification
Function
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 123 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 123 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 123 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 123 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 123 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 123 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 123 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 123 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 123 GenBank ID Protein 24660234 Link Image
Enzyme 123 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8IUN8 Link Image
Enzyme 123 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Q8IUN8_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 123 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 123 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 123 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 123 GenBank Gene ID BC039063 Link Image
Enzyme 123 GeneCard ID Q8IUN8 Link Image
Enzyme 123 GenAtlas ID ACADL Link Image
Enzyme 123 HGNC ID HGNC:88 Link Image
Enzyme 123 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 123 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 123 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 123 General References
  1. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD, Altschul SF, Zeeberg B, Buetow KH, Schaefer CF, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Jordan H, Moore T, Max SI, Wang J, Hsieh F, Diatchenko L, Marusina K, Farmer AA, Rubin GM, Hong L, Stapleton M, Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brownstein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Prange C, Raha SS, Loquellano NA, Peters GJ, Abramson RD, Mullahy SJ, Bosak SA, McEwan PJ, McKernan KJ, Malek JA, Gunaratne PH, Richards S, Worley KC, Hale S, Garcia AM, Gay LJ, Hulyk SW, Villalon DK, Muzny DM, Sodergren EJ, Lu X, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madan A, Young AC, Shevchenko Y, Bouffard GG, Blakesley RW, Touchman JW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Krzywinski MI, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Marra MA: Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 123 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 124 [top]
Enzyme 124 ID 13047
Enzyme 124 Name cDNA FLJ75492, highly similar to Homo sapiens glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2
Enzyme 124 Synonyms
  1. mitochondrial
  2. GPD2, mRNA
  3. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2
  4. Mitochondrial, isoform CRA_b
  5. cDNA FLJ78257, highly similar to Homo sapiens glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2
  6. mitochondrial
  7. GPD2, mRNA
Enzyme 124 Gene Name GPD2
Enzyme 124 Protein Sequence >cDNA FLJ75492, highly similar to Homo sapiens glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2
MAFQKAVKGTILVGGGALATVLGLSQFAHYRRKQMNLAYVKAADCISEPVNREPPSREAQ
LLTLQNTSEFDILVIGGGATGSGCALDAVTRGLKTALVERDDFSSGTSSRSTKLIHGGVR
YLQKAIMKLDIEQYRMVKEALHERANLLEIAPHLSAPLPIMLPVYKWWQLPYYWVGIKLY
DLVAGSNCLKSSYVLSKSRALEHFPMLQKDKLVGAIVYYDGQHNDARMNLAIALTAARYG
AATANYMEVVSLLKKTDPQTGKVHVSGARCKDVLTGQEFDVRAKCVINATGPFTDSVRKM
DDKDAAAICQPSAGVHIVMPGYYSPESMGLLDPATSDGRVIFFLPWQKMTIAGTTDTPTD
VTHHPIPSEEDINFILNEVRNYLSCDVEVRRGDVLAAWSGIRPLVTDPKSADTQSISRNH
VVDISESGLITIAGGKWTTYRSMAEDTINAAVKTHNLKAGPSRTVGLFLQGGKDWSPTLY
IRLVQDYGLESEVAQHLAATYGDKAFEVAKMASVTGKRWPIVGVRLVSEFPYIEAEVKYG
IKEYACTAVDMISRRTRLAFLNVQAAEEALPRIVELMGRELNWDDYKKQEQLETARKFLY
YEMGYKSRSEQLTDRSEISLLPSDIDRYKKRFHKFDADQKGFITIVDVQRVLESINVQMD
ENTLHEILNEVDLNKNGQVELNEFLQLMSAIQKGRVSGSRLAILMKTAEENLDRRVPIPV
DRSCGGL
Enzyme 124 Number of Residues 727
Enzyme 124 Molecular Weight 80835
Enzyme 124 Theoretical pI 7.58
Enzyme 124 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 124 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 124 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 124 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 124 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 124 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 124 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 124 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 124 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 124 GenBank ID Protein 158255566 Link Image
Enzyme 124 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A8K4V0 Link Image
Enzyme 124 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A8K4V0_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 124 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 124 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 124 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 124 GenBank Gene ID AK291065 Link Image
Enzyme 124 GeneCard ID A8K4V0 Link Image
Enzyme 124 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 124 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 124 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 124 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 124 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 124 General References Not Available
Enzyme 124 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 125 [top]
Enzyme 125 ID 13102
Enzyme 125 Name FAD synthase
Enzyme 125 Synonyms
  1. FAD pyrophosphorylase
  2. FMN adenylyltransferase
  3. Flavin adenine dinucleotide synthase
  4. Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein-like region
  5. FAD synthase region
Enzyme 125 Gene Name FLAD1
Enzyme 125 Protein Sequence >FAD synthase
MGWDLGTRLFQRQEQRSRLSRIWLEKTRVFLEGSTRTPALPHCLFWLLQVPSTQDPLFPG
YGPQCPVDLAGPPCLRPLFGGLGGYWRALQRGREGRTMTSRASELSPGRSVTAGIIIVGD
EILKGHTQDTNTFFLCRTLRSLGVQVCRVSVVPDEVATIAAEVTSFSNRFTHVLTAGGIG
PTHDDVTFEAVAQAFGDELKPHPKLEAATKALGGEGWEKLSLVPSSARLHYGTDPCTGQP
FRFPLVSVRNVYLFPGIPELLRRVLEGMKGLFQNPAVQFHSKELYVAADEASIAPILAEA
QAHFGRRLGLGSYPDWGSNYYQVKLTLDSEEEGPLEECLAYLTARLPQGSLVPYMPNAVE
QASEAVYKLAESGSSLGKKVAGALQTIETSLAQYSLTQLCVGFNGGKDCTALLHLFHAAV
QRKLPDVPNPLQILYIRSISPFPELEQFLQDTIKRYNLQMLEAEGSMKQALGELQARHPQ
LEAVLMGTRRTDPYSCSLCPFSPTDPGWPAFMRINPLLDWTYRDIWDFLRQLFVPYCILY
DRGYTSLGSRENTVRNPALKCLSPGGHPTYRPAYLLENEEEERNSRT
Enzyme 125 Number of Residues 587
Enzyme 125 Molecular Weight 65264.9
Enzyme 125 Theoretical pI 6.92
Enzyme 125 GO Classification
Function
  • FMN adenylyltransferase activity
  • adenylyltransferase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleotidyltransferase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
  • FAD biosynthetic process
  • FADH2 metabolic process
  • Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • coenzyme biosynthetic process
  • coenzyme metabolic process
  • cofactor metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 125 General Function Involved in FMN adenylyltransferase activity
Enzyme 125 Specific Function Catalyzes the adenylation of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) to form flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) coenzyme
Enzyme 125 Pathways
Enzyme 125 Reactions
  • ATP + FMN = diphosphate + FAD [RN:R00161]
Enzyme 125 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 125 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 125 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 125 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 125 GenBank ID Protein 41872389 Link Image
Enzyme 125 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8NFF5 Link Image
Enzyme 125 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FAD1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 125 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 125 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 125 Gene Sequence >1764 bp
ATGGGTTGGGATTTGGGAACACGTTTATTCCAGAGGCAGGAACAAAGGAGTCGCTTGTCA
AGGATCTGGTTAGAGAAGACTAGGGTCTTCCTCGAAGGAAGCACGCGCACGCCTGCTCTC
CCCCATTGTCTTTTCTGGCTTCTCCAGGTTCCCTCGACCCAGGACCCCCTGTTCCCAGGC
TATGGCCCCCAGTGCCCTGTAGACCTGGCAGGCCCCCCGTGCTTGCGACCCCTATTTGGG
GGTCTGGGTGGCTACTGGAGGGCCTTGCAGAGGGGCAGAGAAGGCAGGACCATGACATCT
AGGGCCTCTGAACTTTCTCCGGGGCGCAGCGTGACGGCTGGCATCATCATTGTTGGAGAT
GAGATCCTTAAGGGACACACTCAGGACACCAACACCTTCTTTCTGTGCCGGACACTGCGC
TCCCTAGGGGTCCAGGTTTGCCGAGTCTCAGTTGTACCTGATGAGGTAGCCACCATTGCA
GCTGAGGTCACTTCTTTCTCCAACCGCTTCACCCATGTCCTCACAGCAGGGGGCATCGGC
CCCACTCATGATGATGTGACCTTTGAGGCAGTGGCACAGGCCTTTGGAGATGAGCTGAAG
CCACACCCCAAGTTGGAAGCAGCCACCAAAGCCCTAGGAGGGGAAGGCTGGGAGAAGCTA
TCATTGGTGCCCTCCTCTGCCCGCCTGCATTATGGCACAGATCCTTGCACTGGTCAACCT
TTCAGATTCCCTCTGGTCTCCGTCCGAAACGTCTACCTCTTCCCAGGCATTCCAGAGCTG
CTGCGGCGGGTGCTGGAGGGGATGAAGGGACTATTCCAAAACCCAGCTGTTCAGTTCCAC
TCAAAGGAGCTATATGTGGCTGCTGATGAAGCCTCCATCGCCCCCATTCTGGCTGAGGCC
CAGGCCCACTTTGGACGTAGGCTTGGCCTGGGTTCCTACCCTGACTGGGGCAGCAACTAC
TATCAGGTGAAGCTGACTCTAGACTCAGAGGAAGAAGGACCCCTGGAGGAATGCTTGGCC
TACCTGACTGCCCGTTTGCCCCAGGGATCGCTGGTCCCCTACATGCCCAACGCTGTGGAG
CAGGCCAGTGAGGCTGTATACAAACTCGCTGAATCAGGGTCTTCTTTGGGGAAAAAGGTG
GCAGGTGCCCTACAGACCATTGAGACCTCCCTGGCTCAGTACAGCCTCACCCAGCTCTGT
GTGGGCTTCAACGGGGGCAAAGACTGCACTGCCCTCCTGCACCTCTTCCATGCAGCTGTG
CAGAGGAAATTACCTGATGTTCCAAACCCCCTCCAGATCCTGTATATCCGCAGCATCTCC
CCTTTCCCTGAGCTGGAACAGTTTCTACAGGACACTATCAAGAGGTATAATCTGCAGATG
TTGGAAGCTGAGGGCAGCATGAAGCAGGCCCTGGGTGAACTGCAGGCACGGCACCCCCAG
CTGGAGGCTGTCCTTATGGGCACCCGCCGGACTGACCCCTACTCCTGTAGCCTCTGCCCT
TTCAGCCCCACTGACCCAGGCTGGCCCGCATTCATGCGCATCAACCCACTGCTGGACTGG
ACCTACAGAGACATCTGGGATTTTCTGCGTCAGCTGTTTGTCCCATACTGTATCCTGTAT
GACCGAGGATACACATCACTGGGGAGTCGGGAGAATACCGTGCGGAACCCGGCCCTGAAG
TGCCTGAGCCCAGGAGGACACCCCACATACCGTCCAGCCTATCTACTGGAGAACGAAGAA
GAGGAGCGGAACTCCCGCACATGA
Enzyme 125 GenBank Gene ID NM_025207.4 Link Image
Enzyme 125 GeneCard ID FLAD1 Link Image
Enzyme 125 GenAtlas ID FLAD1 Link Image
Enzyme 125 HGNC ID HGNC:24671 Link Image
Enzyme 125 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 125 Locus 1q21.3
Enzyme 125 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 125 General References
  1. Brizio C, Galluccio M, Wait R, Torchetti EM, Bafunno V, Accardi R, Gianazza E, Indiveri C, Barile M: Over-expression in Escherichia coli and characterization of two recombinant isoforms of human FAD synthetase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Jun 9;344(3):1008-16. Epub 2006 Apr 19. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Wan D, Gong Y, Qin W, Zhang P, Li J, Wei L, Zhou X, Li H, Qiu X, Zhong F, He L, Yu J, Yao G, Jiang H, Qian L, Yu Y, Shu H, Chen X, Xu H, Guo M, Pan Z, Chen Y, Ge C, Yang S, Gu J: Large-scale cDNA transfection screening for genes related to cancer development and progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 2;101(44):15724-9. Epub 2004 Oct 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, Ricafrente JY, Wentland MA, Lennon G, Gibbs RA: Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing. Genome Res. 1997 Apr;7(4):353-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Beausoleil SA, Villen J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;24(10):1285-92. Epub 2006 Sep 10. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Galluccio M, Brizio C, Torchetti EM, Ferranti P, Gianazza E, Indiveri C, Barile M: Over-expression in Escherichia coli, purification and characterization of isoform 2 of human FAD synthetase. Protein Expr Purif. 2007 Mar;52(1):175-81. Epub 2006 Sep 12. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Oppermann FS, Gnad F, Olsen JV, Hornberger R, Greff Z, Keri G, Mann M, Daub H: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1751-64. Epub 2009 Apr 15. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 125 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 126 [top]
Enzyme 126 ID 13122
Enzyme 126 Name Ubiquinone biosynthesis monooxygenase COQ6
Enzyme 126 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 126 Gene Name COQ6
Enzyme 126 Protein Sequence >Ubiquinone biosynthesis monooxygenase COQ6
MAARLVSRCGAVRAAPHSGPLVSWRRWSGASTDTVYDVVVSGGGLVGAAMACALGYDIHF
HDKKILLLEAGPKKVLEKLSETYSNRVSSISPGSATLLSSFGAWDHICNMRYRAFRRMQV
WDACSEALIMFDKDNLDDMGYIVENDVIMHALTKQLEAVSDRVTVLYRSKAIRYTWPCPF
PMADSSPWVHITLGDGSTFQTKLLIGADGHNSGVRQAVGIQNVSWNYDQSAVVATLHLSE
ATENNVAWQRFLPSGPIALLPLSDTLSSLVWSTSHEHAAELVSMDEEKFVDAVNSAFWSD
ADHTDFIDTAGAMLQYAVSLLKPTKVSARQLPPSVARVDAKSRVLFPLGLGHAAEYVRPR
VALIGDAAHRVHPLAGQGVNMGFGDISSLAHHLSTAAFNGKDLGSVSHLTGYETERQRHN
TALLAATDLLKRLYSTSASPLVLLRTWGLQATNAVSPLKEQIMAFASK
Enzyme 126 Number of Residues 468
Enzyme 126 Molecular Weight 50869.4
Enzyme 126 Theoretical pI 7.32
Enzyme 126 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • monooxygenase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • coenzyme metabolic process
  • cofactor metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process
  • ubiquinone biosynthetic process
  • ubiquinone metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 126 General Function Involved in monooxygenase activity
Enzyme 126 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 126 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 126 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 126 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 126 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 126 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 126 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 126 GenBank ID Protein 4680659 Link Image
Enzyme 126 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9Y2Z9 Link Image
Enzyme 126 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name COQ6_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 126 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 126 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 126 Gene Sequence >1407 bp
ATGGCGGCCCGGCTTGTCAGCCGATGCGGGGCTGTGCGTGCAGCTCCCCACAGCGGCCCG
CTGGCTGTCCTGGCGCAGGTGGTCCGGCGCTCAACAGACACCGTGTATGACGTGGTGGTG
TCGGGTGGAGGCCTGGTGGGCGCTGCCATGGCCTGTGCCTTGGGATATGATATTCACTTT
CATGACAAGAAAATCCTGTTGCTCGAAGCAGGTCCAAAGAAAGTACTGGAGAAATTGTCA
GAAACTTACAGCAACAGGGTCAGCTCCATTTCCCCTGGCTCTGCAACGCTTCTCAGTAGT
TTTGGTGCCTGGGACCATATCTGCAACATGAGATACAGAGCCTTTCGGCGAATGCAGGTG
TGGGACGCCTGCTCAGAGGCCCTGATAATGTTTGATAAGGATAATTTAGATGACATGGGC
TATATCGTGGAGAATGATGTCATCATGCATGCTCTCACTAAGCAGTTGGAGGCTGTGTCT
GACCGAGTGACGGTTCTCTACAGGAGCAAAGCCATTCGCTATACCTGGCCTTGTCCATTT
CCTATGGCCGACTCCAGCCCTTGGGTTCATATTACCCTAGGTGATGGCAGCACCTTCCAG
ACCAAATTGTTGATAGGTGCAGATGGTCACAACTCCGGAGTACGGCAGGCTGTTGGAATC
CAGAATGTGAGCTGGAACTATGACCAGTCTGCTGTTGTGGCTACTCTGCATTTATCAGAG
GCCACAGAAAACAACGTAGCCTGGCAGAGATTTCTTCCCTCTGGGCCTATTGCTCTGCTC
CCGCTCTCAGACACCTTGAGTTCCTTGGTTTGGTCCACGTCCCATGAACATGCAGCAGAG
CTAGTTAGCATGGATGAGGAAAAATTTGTGGATGCCGTTAACTCTGCCTTTTGGAGTGAT
GCTGACCACACGGACTTCATCGACACAGCTGGTGCCATGCTGCAGTATCCTGTCAGCCTT
CTGAAGCCCACTAAGGTCTCGGCTCGCCAGCTGCCCCCAAGCGTACCATGGGTGGATGCC
AAAAGCCGAGTTCTGTTTCCTCTTGGGTTGGGACATGCTGCTGAGTACGTCAGGCCTCGG
GTGGCGCTCATTGGGGATGCAGCCCACAGAGTCCATCCGCTTGCAGGACAGGGTGTCAAC
ATGGGCTTTGGGGATATCTCCAGCTTGGCCCATCACCTCAGTACGGCAGCCTTCAATGGG
AAGGACTTAGGTTCCGTGAGCCACCTCACAGGTTATGAAACAGAAAGACAGCGTCACAAC
ACTGCTCTTCTGGCTGCTACAGACTTACTAAAAAGGCTCTATTCTACCAGTGCCTCCCCG
CTTGTGTTGCTCAGGACGTGGGGCTTGCAGGCCACAAATGCAGTGTCTCCACTCAAAGAA
CAGATTATGGCCTTTGCAAGCAAATGA
Enzyme 126 GenBank Gene ID AF132944 Link Image
Enzyme 126 GeneCard ID COQ6 Link Image
Enzyme 126 GenAtlas ID COQ6 Link Image
Enzyme 126 HGNC ID HGNC:20233 Link Image
Enzyme 126 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 126 Locus 14q24.3
Enzyme 126 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 126 General References
  1. Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W: Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics. Genome Res. 2000 May;10(5):703-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 126 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 127 [top]
Enzyme 127 ID 13555
Enzyme 127 Name NADPH oxidase 5
Enzyme 127 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 127 Gene Name NOX5
Enzyme 127 Protein Sequence >NADPH oxidase 5
MNTSGDPAQTGPEGCRGTMSAEEDARWLRWVTQQFKTIAGEDGEISLQEFKAALHVKESF
FAERFFALFDSDRSGTITLQELQEALTLLIHGSPMDKLKFLFQVYDIDVCARQGASAGTE
WGAGAGPHWASSPLGTGSGSIDPDELRTVLQSCLRESAISLPDEKLDQLTLALFESADAD
GNGAITFEELRDELQRFPGVMENLTISAAHWLTAPAPRPRPRRPRQLTRAYWHNHRSQLF
CLATYAGLHVLLFGLAASAHRDLGASVMVAKGCGQCLNFDCSFIAVLMLRRCLTWLRATW
LAQVLPLDQNIQFHQLMGYVVVGLSLVHTVAHTVNFVLQAQAEASPFQFWELLLTTRPGI
GWVHGSASPTGVALLLLLLLMFICSSSCIRRSGHFEVFYWTHLSYLLVWLLLIFHGPNFW
KWLLVPGILFFLEKAIGLAVSRMAAVCIMEVNLLPSKVTHLLIKRPPFFHYRPGDYLYLN
IPTIARYEWHPFTISSAPEQKDTIWLHIRSQGQWTNRLYESFKASDPLGRGSKRLSRSVT
MRKSQRSSKGSEILLEKHKFCNIKCYIDGPYGTPTRRIFASEHAVLIGAGIGITPFASIL
QSIMYRHQKRKHTCPSCQHSWIEGVQDNMKLHKVDFIWINRDQRSFEWFVSLLTKLEMDQ
AEEAQYGRFLELHMYMTSALGKNDMKAIGLQMALDLLANKEKKDSITGLQTRTQPGRPDW
SKVFQKVAAEKKGKVQVFFCGSPALAKVLKGHCEKFGFRFFQENF
Enzyme 127 Number of Residues 765
Enzyme 127 Molecular Weight 86438.1
Enzyme 127 Theoretical pI 8.72
Enzyme 127 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 127 General Function Involved in calcium ion binding
Enzyme 127 Specific Function Calcium-dependent NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide. Also functions as a calcium-dependent proton channel and may regulate redox-dependent processes in lymphocytes and spermatozoa. May play a role in cell growth and apoptosis
Enzyme 127 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 127 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 127 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 127 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 127 Transmembrane Regions
  • 239-259 267-289 318-338 363-383 395-417 435-455 584-604
Enzyme 127 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 127 GenBank ID Protein 296278229 Link Image
Enzyme 127 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96PH1 Link Image
Enzyme 127 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NOX5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 127 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 127 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 127 Gene Sequence >2298 bp
ATGAACACATCTGGAGACCCAGCCCAGACGGGCCCTGAAGGCTGTAGAGGCACCATGAGT
GCCGAGGAGGATGCCAGGTGGCTCCGGTGGGTGACTCAGCAGTTTAAGACCATTGCAGGA
GAAGATGGGGAGATCAGCCTGCAAGAATTCAAAGCAGCTCTGCATGTGAAAGAGTCCTTC
TTTGCAGAGCGATTCTTTGCCCTATTTGACTCCGATAGAAGTGGCACCATCACCCTCCAG
GAGCTGCAGGAGGCACTGACCCTGCTCATCCATGGCAGCCCCATGGACAAACTCAAATTC
CTCTTCCAGGTGTATGACATCGATGTGTGTGCACGGCAGGGGGCGTCTGCAGGTACAGAG
TGGGGTGCTGGGGCAGGCCCGCACTGGGCTTCATCCCCACTCGGGACAGGCAGTGGCTCC
ATTGACCCGGATGAGCTGCGCACTGTGCTGCAGTCGTGTCTGCGCGAGAGCGCCATCTCG
CTGCCTGACGAGAAGCTGGACCAGCTGACGCTGGCGCTCTTCGAATCGGCCGACGCGGAC
GGCAACGGGGCCATCACCTTCGAGGAGCTCCGGGACGAGCTGCAGCGCTTCCCCGGAGTC
ATGGAGAACCTGACCATCAGCGCTGCCCACTGGCTGACGGCCCCCGCCCCCCGCCCACGC
CCGCGCCGGCCGCGCCAGCTGACCCGCGCCTACTGGCACAACCACCGCAGCCAGCTGTTC
TGCCTGGCCACCTATGCAGGCCTCCACGTGCTGCTCTTCGGGCTGGCGGCCAGCGCGCAC
CGGGACCTCGGCGCCAGCGTCATGGTGGCCAAGGGCTGCGGCCAGTGCCTCAACTTCGAC
TGCAGCTTCATCGCGGTGCTGATGCTCAGACGCTGCCTCACCTGGCTGCGGGCCACGTGG
CTGGCTCAAGTCCTACCACTGGACCAGAACATCCAGTTCCACCAGCTTATGGGCTACGTG
GTAGTGGGGCTGTCCCTCGTGCACACCGTGGCTCACACTGTGAACTTTGTACTCCAGGCT
CAGGCGGAGGCCAGCCCTTTCCAGTTCTGGGAGCTGCTGCTCACCACGAGGCCTGGCATT
GGCTGGGTACACGGTTCGGCCTCCCCGACAGGTGTCGCTCTGCTGCTGCTGCTCCTCCTC
ATGTTCATCTGCTCCAGTTCCTGCATCCGCAGGAGTGGCCACTTTGAGGTGTTCTATTGG
ACTCACCTGTCCTACCTCCTCGTGTGGCTTCTGCTCATCTTTCATGGGCCCAACTTCTGG
AAGTGGCTGCTGGTGCCTGGAATCTTGTTTTTCCTGGAGAAGGCCATCGGACTGGCAGTG
TCCCGCATGGCAGCCGTGTGCATCATGGAAGTCAACCTCCTCCCCTCCAAGGTCACTCAT
CTCCTCATCAAGCGGCCCCCTTTTTTTCACTATAGACCTGGTGACTACTTGTATCTGAAC
ATCCCCACCATTGCTCGCTATGAGTGGCACCCCTTCACCATCAGCAGTGCTCCTGAGCAG
AAAGACACTATCTGGCTGCACATTCGGTCCCAAGGCCAGTGGACAAACAGGCTGTATGAG
TCCTTCAAGGCATCAGACCCACTGGGCCGTGGTTCTAAGAGGCTGTCGAGGAGTGTGACA
ATGAGAAAGAGTCAAAGGTCGTCCAAGGGCTCTGAGATACTTTTGGAGAAACACAAATTC
TGTAACATCAAGTGCTACATCGATGGGCCTTATGGGACCCCCACCCGCAGGATCTTTGCC
TCTGAGCATGCCGTGCTCATCGGGGCAGGCATCGGCATCACCCCCTTTGCTTCCATTCTG
CAGAGTATCATGTACAGGCACCAGAAAAGAAAGCATACTTGCCCCAGCTGCCAGCACTCC
TGGATCGAAGGTGTCCAAGACAACATGAAGCTCCATAAGGTGGACTTTATCTGGATCAAC
AGAGACCAGCGGTCTTTCGAGTGGTTTGTGAGCCTGCTGACTAAACTGGAGATGGACCAG
GCCGAGGAGGCTCAATACGGCCGCTTCCTGGAGCTGCATATGTACATGACATCTGCACTG
GGCAAGAATGACATGAAGGCCATTGGCCTGCAGATGGCCCTTGACCTCCTGGCCAACAAG
GAGAAGAAAGACTCCATCACGGGGCTGCAGACGCGCACCCAGCCTGGGCGGCCTGACTGG
AGCAAGGTGTTCCAGAAAGTGGCTGCTGAGAAGAAGGGCAAGGTGCAGGTCTTCTTCTGT
GGCTCCCCAGCTCTGGCCAAGGTGCTGAAGGGCCATTGTGAGAAGTTCGGCTTCAGATTT
TTCCAAGAGAATTTCTAG
Enzyme 127 GenBank Gene ID NM_024505.3 Link Image
Enzyme 127 GeneCard ID NOX5 Link Image
Enzyme 127 GenAtlas ID NOX5 Link Image
Enzyme 127 HGNC ID HGNC:14874 Link Image
Enzyme 127 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 127 Locus 15q23
Enzyme 127 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 127 General References
  1. Banfi B, Molnar G, Maturana A, Steger K, Hegedus B, Demaurex N, Krause KH: A Ca(2+)-activated NADPH oxidase in testis, spleen, and lymph nodes. J Biol Chem. 2001 Oct 5;276(40):37594-601. Epub 2001 Aug 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Kawahara T, Ritsick D, Cheng G, Lambeth JD: Point mutations in the proline-rich region of p22phox are dominant inhibitors of Nox1- and Nox2-dependent reactive oxygen generation. J Biol Chem. 2005 Sep 9;280(36):31859-69. Epub 2005 Jun 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Cheng G, Cao Z, Xu X, van Meir EG, Lambeth JD: Homologs of gp91phox: cloning and tissue expression of Nox3, Nox4, and Nox5. Gene. 2001 May 16;269(1-2):131-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Brar SS, Corbin Z, Kennedy TP, Hemendinger R, Thornton L, Bommarius B, Arnold RS, Whorton AR, Sturrock AB, Huecksteadt TP, Quinn MT, Krenitsky K, Ardie KG, Lambeth JD, Hoidal JR: NOX5 NAD(P)H oxidase regulates growth and apoptosis in DU 145 prostate cancer cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2003 Aug;285(2):C353-69. Epub 2003 Apr 9. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Banfi B, Tirone F, Durussel I, Knisz J, Moskwa P, Molnar GZ, Krause KH, Cox JA: Mechanism of Ca2+ activation of the NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5). J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 30;279(18):18583-91. Epub 2004 Feb 24. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Cucoranu I, Clempus R, Dikalova A, Phelan PJ, Ariyan S, Dikalov S, Sorescu D: NAD(P)H oxidase 4 mediates transforming growth factor-beta1-induced differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Circ Res. 2005 Oct 28;97(9):900-7. Epub 2005 Sep 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Kamiguti AS, Serrander L, Lin K, Harris RJ, Cawley JC, Allsup DJ, Slupsky JR, Krause KH, Zuzel M: Expression and activity of NOX5 in the circulating malignant B cells of hairy cell leukemia. J Immunol. 2005 Dec 15;175(12):8424-30. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 127 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 128 [top]
Enzyme 128 ID 13934
Enzyme 128 Name NADPH oxidase 3
Enzyme 128 Synonyms
  1. Mitogenic oxidase 2
  2. MOX-2
  3. gp91phox homolog 3
  4. GP91-3
Enzyme 128 Gene Name NOX3
Enzyme 128 Protein Sequence >NADPH oxidase 3
MMGCWILNEGLSTILVLSWLGINFYLFIDTFYWYEEEESFHYTRVILGSTLAWARASALC
LNFNCMLILIPVSRNLISFIRGTSICCRGPWRRQLDKNLRFHKLVAYGIAVNATIHIVAH
FFNLERYHWSQSEEAQGLLAALSKLGNTPNESYLNPVRTFPTNTTTELLRTIAGVTGLVI
SLALVLIMTSSTEFIRQASYELFWYTHHVFIVFFLSLAIHGTGRIVRGQTQDSLSLHNIT
FCRDRYAEWQTVAQCPVPQFSGKEPSAWKWILGPVVLYACERIIRFWRFQQEVVITKVVS
HPSGVLELHMKKRGFKMAPGQYILVQCPAISSLEWHPFTLTSAPQEDFFSVHIRAAGDWT
AALLEAFGAEGQALQEPWSLPRLAVDGPFGTALTDVFHYPVCVCVAAGIGVTPFAALLKS
IWYKCSEAQTPLKLSKVYFYWICRDARAFEWFADLLLSLETRMSEQGKTHFLSYHIFLTG
WDENQALHIALHWDENTDVITGLKQKTFYGRPNWNNEFKQIAYNHPSSSIGVFFCGPKAL
SRTLQKMCHLYSSADPRGVHFYYNKESF
Enzyme 128 Number of Residues 568
Enzyme 128 Molecular Weight 64934.3
Enzyme 128 Theoretical pI 8.07
Enzyme 128 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 128 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 128 Specific Function NADPH oxidase which constitutively produces superoxide upon formation of a complex with CYBA/p22phox. Plays a role in the biogenesis of otoconia/otolith, which are crystalline structures of the inner ear involved in the perception of gravity
Enzyme 128 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 128 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 128 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 128 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 128 Transmembrane Regions
  • 14-34 52-72 104-124 168-188 202-222 396-416
Enzyme 128 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 128 GenBank ID Protein 10441613 Link Image
Enzyme 128 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9HBY0 Link Image
Enzyme 128 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NOX3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 128 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 128 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 128 Gene Sequence >1707 bp
ATGATGGGGTGCTGGATTTTGAATGAGGGTCTCTCCACCATATTAGTACTCTCATGGCTG
GGAATAAATTTTTATCTGTTTATTGACACGTTCTACTGGTATGAAGAGGAGGAGTCTTTC
CATTACACACGAGTTATTTTGGGTTCAACACTGGCTTGGGCACGAGCATCCGCACTGTGC
CTGAATTTTAACTGCATGCTAATTCTAATACCTGTCAGTCGAAACCTTATTTCATTCATA
AGAGGAACAAGTATTTGCTGCAGAGGACCGTGGAGGAGGCAATTAGACAAAAACCTCAGA
TTTCACAAACTGGTCGCCTATGGGATAGCTGTTAATGCAACCATCCACATCGTGGCGCAT
TTCTTCAACCTGGAACGCTACCACTGGAGCCAGTCCGAGGAGGCCCAGGGACTTCTGGCC
GCACTTTCCAAGCTGGGCAACACCCCTAACGAGAGCTACCTCAACCCTGTCCGGACCTTC
CCCACAAACACAACCACTGAATTGCTAAGGACAATAGCAGGCGTCACCGGTCTGGTGATC
TCTCTGGCTTTAGTCTTGATCATGACCTCGTCAACTGAGTTCATCAGACAGGCCTCCTAT
GAGTTGTTCTGGTACACACACCATGTTTTCATCGTCTTCTTTCTCAGCCTGGCCATCCAT
GGGACGGGTCGGATTGTTCGAGGCCAAACCCAAGACAGTCTCTCTCTGCACAACATCACC
TTCTGTAGAGACCGCTATGCAGAATGGCAGACAGTGGCCCAATGCCCCGTGCCTCAATTT
TCTGGCAAGGAACCCTCGGCTTGGAAATGGATTTTAGGCCCTGTGGTCTTGTATGCATGT
GAAAGAATAATTAGGTTCTGGCGATTTCAACAAGAAGTTGTCATTACCAAGGTGGTAAGC
CACCCCTCTGGAGTCCTGGAACTTCACATGAAAAAGCGTGGCTTTAAAATGGCGCCAGGG
CAGTACATCTTGGTGCAGTGCCCAGCCATATCTTCGCTGGAGTGGCACCCCTTCACCCTT
ACCTCTGCCCCCCAGGAAGACTTTTTCAGCGTGCACATCCGGGCAGCAGGAGACTGGACA
GCAGCGCTACTGGAGGCCTTTGGGGCAGAGGGACAGGCCCTCCAGGAGCCCTGGAGCCTG
CCAAGGCTGGCAGTGGACGGGCCCTTTGGAACTGCCCTGACAGATGTATTTCACTACCCA
GTGTGTGTGTGCGTTGCCGCGGGGATCGGAGTCACTCCCTTCGCTGCTCTTCTGAAATCT
ATATGGTACAAATGCAGTGAGGCACAGACCCCACTGAAGCTGAGCAAGGTGTATTTCTAC
TGGATTTGCCGGGATGCAAGAGCTTTTGAGTGGTTTGCTGATCTCTTACTCTCCCTGGAA
ACACGGATGAGTGAGCAGGGGAAAACTCACTTTCTGAGTTATCATATATTTCTTACCGGC
TGGGATGAAAATCAGGCTCTTCACATAGCTTTACACTGGGACGAAAATACTGACGTGATT
ACAGGCTTAAAGCAGAAGACCTTCTATGGGAGGCCCAACTGGAACAATGAGTTCAAGCAG
ATTGCCTACAATCACCCCAGCAGCAGTATTGGCGTGTTCTTCTGTGGACCTAAAGCTCTC
TCGAGGACACTTCAAAAGATGTGCCACTTGTATTCATCAGCTGACCCCAGAGGTGTTCAT
TTCTATTACAACAAGGAGAGCTTCTAG
Enzyme 128 GenBank Gene ID AF190122 Link Image
Enzyme 128 GeneCard ID NOX3 Link Image
Enzyme 128 GenAtlas ID NOX3 Link Image
Enzyme 128 HGNC ID HGNC:7890 Link Image
Enzyme 128 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 128 Locus 6q25.3
Enzyme 128 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 128 General References
  1. Cheng G, Cao Z, Xu X, van Meir EG, Lambeth JD: Homologs of gp91phox: cloning and tissue expression of Nox3, Nox4, and Nox5. Gene. 2001 May 16;269(1-2):131-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Kikuchi H, Hikage M, Miyashita H, Fukumoto M: NADPH oxidase subunit, gp91(phox) homologue, preferentially expressed in human colon epithelial cells. Gene. 2000 Aug 22;254(1-2):237-43. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Cheng G, Ritsick D, Lambeth JD: Nox3 regulation by NOXO1, p47phox, and p67phox. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 13;279(33):34250-5. Epub 2004 Jun 4. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ueno N, Takeya R, Miyano K, Kikuchi H, Sumimoto H: The NADPH oxidase Nox3 constitutively produces superoxide in a p22phox-dependent manner: its regulation by oxidase organizers and activators. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 17;280(24):23328-39. Epub 2005 Apr 11. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 128 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 129 [top]
Enzyme 129 ID 13970
Enzyme 129 Name Metalloreductase STEAP3
Enzyme 129 Synonyms
  1. Dudulin-2
  2. Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3
  3. Tumor suppressor-activated pathway protein 6
  4. hTSAP6
  5. pHyde
  6. hpHyde
Enzyme 129 Gene Name STEAP3
Enzyme 129 Protein Sequence >Metalloreductase STEAP3
MPEEMDKPLISLHLVDSDSSLAKVPDEAPKVGILGSGDFARSLATRLVGSGFKVVVGSRN
PKRTARLFPSAAQVTFQEEAVSSPEVIFVAVFREHYSSLCSLSDQLAGKILVDVSNPTEQ
EHLQHRESNAEYLASLFPTCTVVKAFNVISAWTLQAGPRDGNRQVPICGDQPEAKRAVSE
MALAMGFMPVDMGSLASAWEVEAMPLRLLPAWKVPTLLALGLFVCFYAYNFVRDVLQPYV
QESQNKFFKLPVSVVNTTLPCVAYVLLSLVYLPGVLAAALQLRRGTKYQRFPDWLDHWLQ
HRKQIGLLSFFCAALHALYSFCLPLRRAHRYDLVNLAVKQVLANKSHLWVEEEVWRMEIY
LSLGVLALGTLSLLAVTSLPSIANSLNWREFSFVQSSLGFVALVLSTLHTLTYGWTRAFE
ESRYKFYLPPTFTLTLLVPCVVILAKALFLLPCISRRLARIRRGWERESTIKFTLPTDHA
LAEKTSHV
Enzyme 129 Number of Residues 488
Enzyme 129 Molecular Weight 54600.1
Enzyme 129 Theoretical pI 8.74
Enzyme 129 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
  • cell part
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane part
Enzyme 129 General Function Involved in iron ion binding
Enzyme 129 Specific Function Endosomal ferrireductase required for efficient transferrin-dependent iron uptake in erythroid cells. Participates in erythroid iron homeostasis by reducing Fe(3+) to Fe(2+). Can also reduce of Cu(2+) to Cu(1+), suggesting that it participates in copper homeostasis. Uses NAD(+) as acceptor. May play a role downstream of p53/TP53 to interface apoptosis and cell cycle progression. Indirectly involved in exosome secretion by facilitating the secretion of proteins such as TCTP
Enzyme 129 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 129 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 129 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 129 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 129 Transmembrane Regions
  • 208-228 259-279 305-325 359-379 391-411 434-454
Enzyme 129 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 129 GenBank ID Protein 56549147 Link Image
Enzyme 129 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q658P3 Link Image
Enzyme 129 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name STEA3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 129 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 129 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 129 Gene Sequence >1467 bp
ATGCCAGAAGAGATGGACAAGCCACTGATCAGCCTCCACCTGGTGGACAGCGATAGTAGC
CTTGCCAAGGTCCCCGATGAGGCCCCCAAAGTGGGCATCCTGGGTAGCGGGGACTTTGCC
CGCTCCCTGGCCACACGCCTGGTGGGCTCTGGCTTCAAAGTGGTGGTGGGGAGCCGCAAC
CCCAAACGCACAGCCAGGCTGTTTCCCTCAGCGGCCCAAGTGACTTTCCAAGAGGAGGCA
GTGAGCTCCCCGGAGGTCATCTTTGTGGCTGTGTTCCGGGAGCACTACTCTTCACTGTGC
AGTCTCAGTGACCAGCTGGCGGGCAAGATCCTGGTGGATGTGAGCAACCCTACAGAGCAA
GAGCACCTTCAGCATCGTGAGTCCAATGCTGAGTACCTGGCCTCCCTCTTCCCCACTTGC
ACAGTGGTCAAGGCCTTCAATGTCATCTCTGCCTGGACCCTGCAGGCTGGCCCAAGGGAT
GGTAACAGGCAGGTGCCCATCTGCGGTGACCAGCCAGAAGCCAAGCGTGCTGTCTCGGAG
ATGGCGCTCGCCATGGGCTTCATGCCCGTGGACATGGGATCCCTGGCGTCAGCCTGGGAG
GTGGAGGCCATGCCCCTGCGCCTCCTCCCGGCCTGGAAGGTGCCCACCCTGCTGGCCCTG
GGGCTCTTCGTCTGCTTCTATGCCTACAACTTCGTCCGGGACGTTCTGCAGCCCTATGTG
CAGGAAAGCCAGAACAAGTTCTTCAAGCTGCCCGTGTCCGTGGTCAACACCACACTGCCG
TGCGTGGCCTACGTGCTGCTGTCACTCGTGTACTTGCCCGGCGTGCTGGCGGCTGCCCTG
CAGCTGCGGCGCGGCACCAAGTACCAGCGCTTCCCCGACTGGCTGGACCACTGGCTACAG
CACCGCAAGCAGATCGGGCTGCTCAGCTTCTTCTGCGCCGCCCTGCACGCCCTCTACAGC
TTCTGCTTGCCGCTGCGCCGCGCCCACCGCTACGACCTGGTCAACCTGGCAGTCAAGCAG
GTCTTGGCCAACAAGAGCCACCTCTGGGTGGAGGAGGAGGTCTGGCGGATGGAGATCTAC
CTCTCCCTGGGAGTGCTGGCCCTCGGCACGTTGTCCCTGCTGGCCGTGACCTCACTGCCG
TCCATTGCAAACTCGCTCAACTGGAGGGAGTTCAGCTTCGTTCAGTCCTCACTGGGCTTT
GTGGCCCTCGTGCTGAGCACACTGCACACGCTCACCTACGGCTGGACCCGCGCCTTCGAG
GAGAGCCGCTACAAGTTCTACCTGCCTCCCACCTTCACGCTCACGCTGCTGGTGCCCTGC
GTCGTCATCCTGGCCAAAGCCCTGTTTCTCCTGCCCTGCATCAGCCGCAGACTCGCCAGG
ATCCGGAGAGGCTGGGAGAGGGAGAGCACCATCAAGTTCACGCTGCCCACAGACCACGCC
CTGGCCGAGAAGACGAGCCACGTATGA
Enzyme 129 GenBank Gene ID NM_001008410.1 Link Image
Enzyme 129 GeneCard ID STEAP3 Link Image
Enzyme 129 GenAtlas ID STEAP3 Link Image
Enzyme 129 HGNC ID HGNC:24592 Link Image
Enzyme 129 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 129 Locus 2q14.2
Enzyme 129 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 129 General References
  1. Passer BJ, Nancy-Portebois V, Amzallag N, Prieur S, Cans C, Roborel de Climens A, Fiucci G, Bouvard V, Tuynder M, Susini L, Morchoisne S, Crible V, Lespagnol A, Dausset J, Oren M, Amson R, Telerman A: The p53-inducible TSAP6 gene product regulates apoptosis and the cell cycle and interacts with Nix and the Myt1 kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 4;100(5):2284-9. Epub 2003 Feb 26. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Korkmaz CG, Korkmaz KS, Kurys P, Elbi C, Wang L, Klokk TI, Hammarstrom C, Troen G, Svindland A, Hager GL, Saatcioglu F: Molecular cloning and characterization of STAMP2, an androgen-regulated six transmembrane protein that is overexpressed in prostate cancer. Oncogene. 2005 Jul 21;24(31):4934-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Steiner MS, Zhang X, Wang Y, Lu Y: Growth inhibition of prostate cancer by an adenovirus expressing a novel tumor suppressor gene, pHyde. Cancer Res. 2000 Aug 15;60(16):4419-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Porkka KP, Nupponen NN, Tammela TL, Vessella RL, Visakorpi T: Human pHyde is not a classical tumor suppressor gene in prostate cancer. Int J Cancer. 2003 Sep 20;106(5):729-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Amzallag N, Passer BJ, Allanic D, Segura E, Thery C, Goud B, Amson R, Telerman A: TSAP6 facilitates the secretion of translationally controlled tumor protein/histamine-releasing factor via a nonclassical pathway. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 29;279(44):46104-12. Epub 2004 Aug 19. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Coulouarn C, Derambure C, Lefebvre G, Daveau R, Hiron M, Scotte M, Francois A, Daveau M, Salier JP: Global gene repression in hepatocellular carcinoma and fetal liver, and suppression of dudulin-2 mRNA as a possible marker for the cirrhosis-to-tumor transition. J Hepatol. 2005 Jun;42(6):860-9. Epub 2005 Apr 11. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Ohgami RS, Campagna DR, Greer EL, Antiochos B, McDonald A, Chen J, Sharp JJ, Fujiwara Y, Barker JE, Fleming MD: Identification of a ferrireductase required for efficient transferrin-dependent iron uptake in erythroid cells. Nat Genet. 2005 Nov;37(11):1264-9. Epub 2005 Oct 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Yu X, Harris SL, Levine AJ: The regulation of exosome secretion: a novel function of the p53 protein. Cancer Res. 2006 May 1;66(9):4795-801. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 129 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 130 [top]
Enzyme 130 ID 13971
Enzyme 130 Name Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 130 Synonyms
  1. VLCAD
Enzyme 130 Gene Name ACADVL
Enzyme 130 Protein Sequence >Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
MQAARMAASLGRQLLRLGGGSSRLTALLGQPRPGPARRPYAGGAAQLALDKSDSHPSDAL
TRKKPAKAESKSFAVGMFKGQLTTDQVFPYPSVLNEEQTQFLKELVEPVSRFFEEVNDPA
KNDALEMVEETTWQGLKELGAFGLQVPSELGGVGLCNTQYARLVEIVGMHDLGVGITLGA
HQSIGFKGILLFGTKAQKEKYLPKLASGETVAAFCLTEPSSGSDAASIRTSAVPSPCGKY
YTLNGSKLWISNGGLADIFTVFAKTPVTDPATGAVKEKITAFVVERGFGGITHGPPEKKM
GIKASNTAEVFFDGVRVPSENVLGEVGSGFKVAMHILNNGRFGMAAALAGTMRGIIAKAV
DHATNRTQFGEKIHNFGLIQEKLARMVMLQYVTESMAYMVSANMDQGATDFQIEAAISKI
FGSEAAWKVTDECIQIMGGMGFMKEPGVERVLRDLRIFRIFEGTNDILRLFVALQGCMDK
GKELSGLGSALKNPFGNAGLLLGEAGKQLRRRAGLGSGLSLSGLVHPELSRSGELAVRAL
EQFATVVEAKLIKHKKGIVNEQFLLQRLADGAIDLYAMVVVLSRASRSLSEGHPTAQHEK
MLCDTWCIEAAARIREGMAALQSDPWQQELYRNFKSISKALVERGGVVTSNPLGF
Enzyme 130 Number of Residues 655
Enzyme 130 Molecular Weight 70389.6
Enzyme 130 Theoretical pI 9.10
Enzyme 130 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 130 General Function Involved in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Enzyme 130 Specific Function Active toward esters of long-chain and very long chain fatty acids such as palmitoyl-CoA, mysritoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA. Can accomodate substrate acyl chain lengths as long as 24 carbons, but shows little activity for substrates of less than 12 carbons
Enzyme 130 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 130 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 130 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 130 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 130 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 130 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 130 GenBank ID Protein 12653261 Link Image
Enzyme 130 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49748 Link Image
Enzyme 130 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACADV_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 130 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 130 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 130 Gene Sequence >1968 bp
ATGCAGGCGGCTCGGATGGCCGCGAGCTTGGGGCGGCAGCTGCTGAGGCTCGGGGGCGGA
AGCTCGCGGCTCACGGCGCTCCTGGGGCAGCCCCGGCCCGGCCCTGCCCGGCGGCCCTAT
GCCGGGGGTGCCGCTCAGCTGGCTCTGGACAAGTCAGATTCCCACCCCTCTGACGCTCTG
ACCAGGAAAAAACCGGCCAAGGCGGAATCTAAGTCCTTTGCTGTGGGAATGTTCAAAGGC
CAGCTCACCACAGATCAGGTGTTCCCATACCCGTCCGTGCTCAACGAAGAGCAGACACAG
TTTCTTAAAGAGCTGGTGGAGCCTGTGTCCCGTTTCTTCGAGGAAGTGAACGATCCCGCC
AAGAATGACGCTCTGGAGATGGTGGAGGAGACCACTTGGCAGGGCCTCAAGGAGCTGGGG
GCCTTTGGTCTGCAAGTGCCCAGTGAGCTGGGTGGTGTGGGCCTTTGCAACACCCAGTAC
GCCCGTTTGGTGGAGATCGTGGGCATGCATGACCTTGGCGTGGGCATTACCCTGGGGGCC
CATCAGAGCATCGGTTTCAAAGGCATCCTGCTCTTTGGCACAAAGGCCCAGAAAGAAAAA
TACCTCCCCAAGCTGGCATCTGGGGAGACTGTGGCCGCTTTCTGTCTAACCGAGCCCTCA
AGCGGGTCAGATGCAGCCTCCATCCGAACCTCTGCTGTGCCCAGCCCCTGTGGAAAATAC
TATACCCTCAATGGAAGCAAGCTTTGGATCAGTAATGGGGGCCTAGCAGACATCTTCACG
GTCTTTGCCAAGACACCAGTTACAGATCCAGCCACAGGAGCCGTGAAGGAGAAGATCACA
GCTTTTGTGGTGGAGAGGGGCTTCGGGGGCATTACCCATGGGCCCCCTGAGAAGAAGATG
GGCATCAAGGCTTCAAACACAGCAGAGGTGTTCTTTGATGGAGTACGGGTGCCATCGGAG
AACGTGCTGGGTGAGGTTGGGAGTGGCTTCAAGGTTGCCATGCACATCCTCAACAATGGA
AGGTTTGGCATGGCTGCGGCCCTGGCAGGTACCATGAGAGGCATCATTGCTAAGGCGGTA
GATCATGCCACTAATCGTACCCAGTTTGGGGAGAAAATTCACAACTTTGGGCTGATCCAG
GAGAAGCTGGCACGGATGGTTATGCTGCAGTATGTAACTGAGTCCATGGCTTACATGGTG
AGTGCTAACATGGACCAGGGAGCCACGGACTTCCAGATAGAGGCCGCCATCAGCAAAATC
TTTGGCTCGGAGGCAGCCTGGAAGGTGACAGATGAATGCATCCAAATCATGGGGGGTATG
GGCTTCATGAAGGAACCTGGAGTAGAGCGTGTGCTCCGAGATCTTCGCATCTTCCGGATC
TTTGAGGGGACAAATGACATTCTTCGGCTGTTTGTGGCTCTGCAGGGCTGTATGGACAAA
GGAAAGGAGCTCTCTGGGCTTGGCAGTGCTCTAAAGAATCCCTTTGGGAATGCTGGCCTC
CTGCTAGGAGAGGCAGGCAAACAGCTGAGGCGGCGGGCAGGGCTGGGCAGCGGCCTGAGT
CTCAGCGGACTTGTCCACCCGGAGTTGAGTCGGAGTGGCGAGCTGGCAGTACGGGCTCTG
GAGCAGTTTGCCACTGTGGTGGAGGCCAAGCTGATAAAACACAAGAAGGGGATTGTCAAT
GAACAGTTTCTGCTGCAGCGGCTGGCAGACGGGGCCATCGACCTCTATGCCATGGTGGTG
GTTCTCTCGAGGGCCTCAAGATCCCTGAGTGAGGGCCACCCCACGGCCCAGCATGAGAAA
ATGCTCTGTGACACCTGGTGTATCGAGGCTGCAGCTCGGATCCGAGAGGGCATGGCCGCC
CTGCAGTCTGACCCCTGGCAGCAAGAGCTCTACCGCAACTTCAAAAGCATCTCCAAGGCC
TTGGTGGAGCGGGGTGGTGTGGTCACCAGCAACCCACTTGGCTTCTGA
Enzyme 130 GenBank Gene ID BC000399 Link Image
Enzyme 130 GeneCard ID ACADVL Link Image
Enzyme 130 GenAtlas ID ACADVL Link Image
Enzyme 130 HGNC ID HGNC:92 Link Image
Enzyme 130 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 130 Locus 17p13.1
Enzyme 130 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 130 General References
  1. Aoyama T, Souri M, Ueno I, Kamijo T, Yamaguchi S, Rhead WJ, Tanaka K, Hashimoto T: Cloning of human very-long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and molecular characterization of its deficiency in two patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Aug;57(2):273-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Andresen BS, Bross P, Vianey-Saban C, Divry P, Zabot MT, Roe CR, Nada MA, Byskov A, Kruse TA, Neve S, Kristiansen K, Knudsen I, Corydon MJ, Gregersen N: Cloning and characterization of human very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase cDNA, chromosomal assignment of the gene and identification in four patients of nine different mutations within the VLCAD gene. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Apr;5(4):461-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Orii KO, Aoyama T, Souri M, Orii KE, Kondo N, Orii T, Hashimoto T: Genomic DNA organization of human mitochondrial very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and mutation analysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Dec 26;217(3):987-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Aoyama T, Souri M, Ushikubo S, Kamijo T, Yamaguchi S, Kelley RI, Rhead WJ, Uetake K, Tanaka K, Hashimoto T: Purification of human very-long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and characterization of its deficiency in seven patients. J Clin Invest. 1995 Jun;95(6):2465-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Andresen BS, Olpin S, Poorthuis BJ, Scholte HR, Vianey-Saban C, Wanders R, Ijlst L, Morris A, Pourfarzam M, Bartlett K, Baumgartner ER, deKlerk JB, Schroeder LD, Corydon TJ, Lund H, Winter V, Bross P, Bolund L, Gregersen N: Clear correlation of genotype with disease phenotype in very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Feb;64(2):479-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. McAndrew RP, Wang Y, Mohsen AW, He M, Vockley J, Kim JJ: Structural basis for substrate fatty acyl chain specificity: crystal structure of human very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem. 2008 Apr 4;283(14):9435-43. Epub 2008 Jan 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Souri M, Aoyama T, Orii K, Yamaguchi S, Hashimoto T: Mutation analysis of very-long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency: identification and characterization of mutant VLCAD cDNAs from four patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Jan;58(1):97-106. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Smelt AH, Poorthuis BJ, Onkenhout W, Scholte HR, Andresen BS, van Duinen SG, Gregersen N, Wintzen AR: Very long chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency with adult onset. Ann Neurol. 1998 Apr;43(4):540-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Mathur A, Sims HF, Gopalakrishnan D, Gibson B, Rinaldo P, Vockley J, Hug G, Strauss AW: Molecular heterogeneity in very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency causing pediatric cardiomyopathy and sudden death. Circulation. 1999 Mar 16;99(10):1337-43. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 130 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 131 [top]
Enzyme 131 ID 13972
Enzyme 131 Name Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase-like protein
Enzyme 131 Synonyms
  1. Acyl-CoA oxidase-like protein
Enzyme 131 Gene Name ACOXL
Enzyme 131 Protein Sequence >Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase-like protein
MRALTVQRVKFAMDLPLLKRAGQDLAEKTKNFVSRSLVIGEVLSMADMATGVKCGIIYWL
FGGAIRNLGSPEHVTKWFQPLQEQKYTGMFAMTERGHGSNARGIQTEATFDLSAQEFVID
TPCENAEKMYIGNAMYGNYAAVFAQLIIDGRSQGPHCFIVPVRDENGSLYPGVTAIDMMY
KEGLHGVDNGILIFDKVRIPRENLLDKFGSVAPDGQYHSPIRNKSARFNAMLAALTPSRL
AVAFQAMGAMKLGLTIAIRYSHSRRQFGPKTKEEVKIIEHQTQTLRLMPHLATALALTFV
SRYAGALLDEDVFQGKELVNSRSLQALVAGLKAYSTWENIRCLQDCRECTGGMGYMMENR
ISGLKCDTDVFATFEGDDVVMLQVVGRELLAQYTKQYEEKPLFGLLQNWAESVGDKLRTS
FLAFNMDTVDDLAFLLKAVKFRERVLQRGLVARIYYKVKTKKEDFFHAWNSCLHHVASLS
LAHTHRVTLEQFSLAVKSCPDQEDQTLLMKFCLLYGTKLVFQERAWYLEHKYLTPMASTR
IRNQERC
Enzyme 131 Number of Residues 547
Enzyme 131 Molecular Weight 61795.0
Enzyme 131 Theoretical pI 8.68
Enzyme 131 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
  • acyl-CoA oxidase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • fatty acid beta-oxidation
  • fatty acid catabolic process
  • fatty acid metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
  • organic acid metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • oxoacid metabolic process
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
  • membrane-bounded organelle
  • microbody
  • organelle
  • peroxisome
Enzyme 131 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
Enzyme 131 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 131 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 131 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 131 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 131 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 131 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 131 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 131 GenBank ID Protein 119570743 Link Image
Enzyme 131 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NUZ1 Link Image
Enzyme 131 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACOXL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 131 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 131 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 131 Gene Sequence >1778 bp


>1743 BP
ATGAGAGCTTTGACAGTTCAGAGAGTGAAGTTTGCCATGGACCTGCCTCTGTTAAAACGT
GCAGGTCAGGATCTGGCAGAGAAAACAAAGAATTTTGTCAGCCGAAGCCTTGTCATAGGA
GAAGTCCTCTCCATGGCGGACATGGCCACAGGAGTGAAGTGCGGAATAATTTATTGGCTA
TTTGGTGGTGCTATCAGGAATCTCGGAAGCCCTGAACATGTTACTAAGTGGTTTCAGCCA
CTCCAGGAGCAGAAATACACTGGGATGTTTGCAATGACCGAGAGGGGCCATGGGAGCAAC
GCGAGAGGGATCCAGACCGAAGCCACCTTTGACCTCTCTGCCCAGGAGTTTGTAATTGAC
ACGCCGTGTGAAAATGCGGAGAAGATGTATATTGGAAATGCCATGTACGGGAATTATGCA
GCTGTCTTTGCCCAGCTCATCATAGATGGAAGATCTCAAGGGCCCCACTGTTTCATCGTT
CCTGTCCGGGATGAAAACGGAAGCTTGTACCCAGGAGTCACAGCTATTGATATGATGTAC
AAGGAGGGTCTGCATGGTGTGGACAATGGGATATTAATATTTGACAAGGTTCGGATACCC
AGGGAGAACCTGCTGGATAAGTTTGGTTCCGTGGCTCCAGATGGACAGTACCATTCGCCT
ATTAGGAACAAGAGTGCAAGATTCAATGCCATGCTGGCAGCACTGACCCCTTCGAGATTA
GCTGTGGCTTTCCAAGCTATGGGTGCCATGAAGCTTGGGTTGACGATAGCCATTCGCTAT
AGCCACAGCCGGAGGCAGTTTGGGCCCAAAACCAAGGAAGAGGTGAAGATCATTGAGCAC
CAAACACAGACCCTGCGGCTGATGCCCCACCTGGCCACAGCCTTGGCCCTGACCTTCGTC
AGCAGGTATGCTGGGGCCCTCCTGGATGAGGATGTCTTCCAGGGAAAGGAGCTGGTCAAC
AGTCGCTCGCTGCAGGCTCTGGTGGCGGGGCTGAAGGCCTACAGCACCTGGGAGAACATC
CGCTGCCTGCAGGACTGCCGCGAGTGCACTGGAGGCATGGTTGTGGGGCGGGAACTGCTG
GCCCAATACACCAAACAGTATGAAGAAAAACCACTCTTTGGCCTGCTCCAAAACTGGGCT
GAATCTGTGGGGGACAAGCTGAGAACCAGTTTCCTGGCATTTAACATGGACACAGTTGAT
GATCTCGCCTTTCTGTTGAAAGCAGTGAAATTTCGTGAAAGGGTTCTTCAGCGGGGTTTG
GTGGCCAGAATTTATTATAAGGTAAAGACCAAGAAGGAGGATTTTTTCCATGCCTGGAAC
TCGTGTCTGCACCACGTGGCTTCTCTGTCCCTGGCACACACTCACCGAGTTACCTTAGAG
CAGTTCTCCCTAGCAGTGAAGAGCTGTCCTGACCAAGAGGACCAGACTTTGTTAATGAAG
TTTTGTCTGTTGTATGGAACCAAGCTGGTGTTTCAGGAGCGGGCCTGGTATTTAGAACAT
AAATACTTGACTCCCATGGCCAGCACGAGGATCAGGAATCAGTTGCTGGATTTGTGCGAC
TCGGTGAAGGATGATGCCCGGAGGGTGATCTCGACCTTTAACATTCCACACACCTACCTC
CACGCACCAATCGCCGGAATCTCCAACCCGCGGGCCGCGTGGGCTTTCTACCCTGCACCG
CTGCAGCCGCGGCCACGGGAAGAGGCGCGCTCCCGGCGGCCCAAGCTGGGAGCCAAGCTC
TAA
Enzyme 131 GenBank Gene ID CH471237 Link Image
Enzyme 131 GeneCard ID ACOXL Link Image
Enzyme 131 GenAtlas ID ACOXL Link Image
Enzyme 131 HGNC ID HGNC:25621 Link Image
Enzyme 131 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 131 Locus 2q13
Enzyme 131 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 131 General References
  1. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 131 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 132 [top]
Enzyme 132 ID 13973
Enzyme 132 Name Apoptosis-inducing factor 2
Enzyme 132 Synonyms
  1. Apoptosis-inducing factor homologous mitochondrion-associated inducer of death
  2. Apoptosis-inducing factor-like mitochondrion-associated inducer of death
  3. p53-responsive gene 3 protein
Enzyme 132 Gene Name AIFM2
Enzyme 132 Protein Sequence >Apoptosis-inducing factor 2
MGSQVSVESGALHVVIVGGGFGGIAAASQLQALNVPFMLVDMKDSFHHNVAALRASVETG
FAKKTFISYSVTFKDNFRQGLVVGIDLKNQMVLLQGGEALPFSHLILATGSTGPFPGKFN
EVSSQQAAIQAYEDMVRQVQRSRFIVVVGGGSAGVEMAAEIKTEYPEKEVTLIHSQVALA
DKELLPSVRQEVKEILLRKGVQLLLSERVSNLEELPLNEYREYIKVQTDKGTEVATNLVI
LCTGIKINSSAYRKAFESRLASSGALRVNEHLQVEGHSNVYAIGDCADVRTPKMAYLAGL
HANIAVANIVNSVKQRPLQAYKPGALTFLLSMGRNDGVGQISGFYVGRLMVRLTKSRDLF
VSTSWKTMRQSPP
Enzyme 132 Number of Residues 373
Enzyme 132 Molecular Weight 40526.4
Enzyme 132 Theoretical pI 9.55
Enzyme 132 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 132 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 132 Specific Function Oxidoreductase, which may play a role in mediating a TP53/p53-dependent apoptosis response. Probable oxidoreductase that acts as a caspase-independent mitochondrial effector of apoptotic cell death. Binds to DNA in a sequence-independent manner. May contribute to genotoxin-induced growth arrest
Enzyme 132 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 132 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 132 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 132 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 132 Transmembrane Regions
  • 7-27
Enzyme 132 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 132 GenBank ID Protein 18478646 Link Image
Enzyme 132 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9BRQ8 Link Image
Enzyme 132 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AIFM2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 132 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 132 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 132 Gene Sequence >1122 bp
ATGGGGTCCCAGGTCTCGGTGGAATCGGGAGCTCTGCACGTGGTGATTGTGGGTGGGGGC
TTTGGCGGGATCGCAGCAGCCAGCCAGCTGCAGGCCCTGAACGTCCCCTTCATGCTGGTG
GACATGAAGGACTCCTTCCACCACAATGTGGCTGCTCTCCGAGCCTCCGTGGAGACAGGG
TTCGCCAAAAAGACATTCATTTCTTACTCGGTGACTTTCAAGGACAACTTCCGGCAGGGG
CTAGTAGTGGGGATAGACCTGAAGAACCAGATGGTGCTGCTGCAGGGTGGCGAGGCCCTG
CCCTTCTCTCATCTTATCCTGGCCACGGGCAGCACTGGGCCCTTCCCGGGCAAGTTTAAT
GAGGTTTCCAGCCAGCAGGCCGCTATCCAGGCCTATGAGGACATGGTGAGGCAGGTCCAG
CGCTCACGGTTCATCGTGGTGGTGGGAGGAGGCTCGGCTGGAGTGGAGATGGCAGCAGAG
ATTAAAACAGAATATCCTGAGAAAGAGGTCACTCTCATTCACTCCCAAGTGGCCCTGGCT
GACAAGGAGCTCCTGCCCTCCGTCCGGCAGGAAGTGAAGGAGATCCTCCTCCGGAAGGGC
GTGCAGCTGCTGCTGAGTGAGCGGGTGAGCAATCTGGAGGAGCTGCCTCTCAATGAGTAT
CGAGAGTACATCAAAGTGCAGACGGACAAAGGCACAGAGGTGGCCACCAACCTGGTGATT
CTCTGCACCGGCATCAAGATCAACAGCTCCGCCTACCGCAAAGCATTTGAGAGCAGACTA
GCCAGCAGTGGTGCTCTGAGAGTGAACGAGCACCTCCAGGTGGAGGGCCACAGCAACGTC
TACGCCATTGGTGACTGTGCCGACGTGAGGACGCCCAAGATGGCCTATCTTGCCGGCCTC
CACGCCAACATCGCCGTGGCCAACATCGTCAACTCTGTGAAGCAGCGGCCTCTCCAGGCC
TACAAGCCGGGTGCACTGACGTTCCTCCTGTCCATGGGGAGAAATGACGGTGTGGGCCAA
ATCAGTGGCTTCTATGTGGGCCGGCTCATGGTTCGGCTGACCAAGAGCCGGGACCTGTTC
GTCTCTACGAGCTGGAAAACCATGAGGCAGTCTCCACCTTGA
Enzyme 132 GenBank Gene ID AF337957 Link Image
Enzyme 132 GeneCard ID AIFM2 Link Image
Enzyme 132 GenAtlas ID AIFM2 Link Image
Enzyme 132 HGNC ID HGNC:21411 Link Image
Enzyme 132 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 132 Locus 10q22.1
Enzyme 132 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 132 General References
  1. Ohiro Y, Garkavtsev I, Kobayashi S, Sreekumar KR, Nantz R, Higashikubo BT, Duffy SL, Higashikubo R, Usheva A, Gius D, Kley N, Horikoshi N: A novel p53-inducible apoptogenic gene, PRG3, encodes a homologue of the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). FEBS Lett. 2002 Jul 31;524(1-3):163-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Wu M, Xu LG, Li X, Zhai Z, Shu HB: AMID, an apoptosis-inducing factor-homologous mitochondrion-associated protein, induces caspase-independent apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jul 12;277(28):25617-23. Epub 2002 Apr 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Wu M, Xu LG, Su T, Tian Y, Zhai Z, Shu HB: AMID is a p53-inducible gene downregulated in tumors. Oncogene. 2004 Sep 2;23(40):6815-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Marshall KR, Gong M, Wodke L, Lamb JH, Jones DJ, Farmer PB, Scrutton NS, Munro AW: The human apoptosis-inducing protein AMID is an oxidoreductase with a modified flavin cofactor and DNA binding activity. J Biol Chem. 2005 Sep 2;280(35):30735-40. Epub 2005 Jun 15. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 132 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 133 [top]
Enzyme 133 ID 13974
Enzyme 133 Name Apoptosis-inducing factor 3
Enzyme 133 Synonyms
  1. Apoptosis-inducing factor-like protein
Enzyme 133 Gene Name AIFM3
Enzyme 133 Protein Sequence >Apoptosis-inducing factor 3
MGGCFSKPKPVELKIEVVLPEKERGKEELSASGKGSPRAYQGNGTARHFHTEERLSTPHP
YPSPQDCVEAAVCHVKDLENGQMREVELGWGKVLLVKDNGEFHALGHKCPHYGAPLVKGV
LSRGRVRCPWHGACFNISTGDLEDFPGLDSLHKFQVKIEKEKVYVRASKQALQLQRRTKV
MAKCISPSAGYSSSTNVLIVGAGAAGLVCAETLRQEGFSDRIVLCTLDRHLPYDRPKLSK
SLDTQPEQLALRPKEFFRAYGIEVLTEAQVVTVDVRTKKVVFKDGFKLEYSKLLLAPGSS
PKTLSCKGKEVENVFTIRTPEDANRVVRLARGRNVVVVGAGFLGMEVAAYLTEKAHSVSV
VELEETPFRRFLGERVGRALMKMFENNRVKFYMQTEVSELRGQEGKLKEVVLKSSKVVRA
DVCVVGIGAVPATGFLRQSGIGLDSRGFIPVNKMMQTNVPGVFAAGDAVTFPLAWRNNRK
VNIPHWQMAHAQGRVAAQNMLAQEAEMSTVPYLWTAMFGKSLRYAGYGEGFDDVIIQGDL
EELKFVAFYTKGDEVIAVASMNYDPIVSKVAEVLASGRAIRKREVELFVLHSKTGDMSWL
TGKGS
Enzyme 133 Number of Residues 605
Enzyme 133 Molecular Weight 66790.7
Enzyme 133 Theoretical pI 9.49
Enzyme 133 GO Classification
Function
  • 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • cell redox homeostasis
  • cellular homeostasis
  • cellular process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
  • cell part
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular part
Enzyme 133 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 133 Specific Function Induces apoptosis through a caspase dependent pathway. Reduces mitochondrial membrane potential
Enzyme 133 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 133 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 133 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 133 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 133 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 133 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 133 GenBank ID Protein 21389617 Link Image
Enzyme 133 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96NN9 Link Image
Enzyme 133 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AIFM3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 133 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 133 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 133 Gene Sequence >1818 bp
ATGGGCGGCTGCTTCTCCAAACCCAAACCAGTGGAGCTCAAGATCGAGGTGGTGCTGCCT
GAGAAGGAGCGAGGCAAGGAGGAGCTGTCGGCCAGTGGGAAGGGCAGCCCCCGGGCCTAC
CAGGGCAATGGCACGGCCCGCCACTTCCACACGGAGGAGCGCCTGTCCACCCCTCACCCC
TACCCCAGCCCTCAGGATTGCGTGGAGGCTGCTGTCTGCCACGTCAAGGACCTCGAGAAT
GGCCAGATGCGGGAAGTGGAGCTGGGCTGGGGGAAGGTGTTGCTGGTGAAGGACAATGGG
GAGTTCCACGCCCTGGGCCATAAGTGTCCGCACTACGGCGCACCCCTGGTGAAAGGCGTT
CTGTCCCGTGGTCGGGTGCGCTGCCCCTGGCACGGCGCCTGCTTCAACATCAGCACTGGG
GACCTGGAGGACTTCCCTGGCCTGGACAGTCTACACAAGTTCCAGGTGAAGATTGAGAAG
GAGAAGGTGTACGTCCGGGCCAGCAAGCAGGCCCTACAGCTGCAGCGAAGGACCAAGGTG
ATGGCCAAGTGTATCTCTCCAAGTGCTGGGTACAGCAGTAGCACCAATGTGCTCATTGTG
GGTGCAGGTGCAGCTGGCCTGGTGTGTGCAGAGACACTGCGGCAGGAGGGCTTCTCCGAC
CGGATCGTCCTGTGCACGCTAGACCGGCACCTTCCCTACGACCGTCCCAAGCTCAGCAAG
TCCCTGGACACACAGCCTGAGCAGCTGGCCCTGAGGCCCAAGGAGTTTTTCCGAGCCTAT
GGCATCGAGGTGCTCACCGAGGCTCAGGTGGTCACAGTGGACGTGAGAACTAAGAAGGTC
GTGTTCAAGGATGGCTTCAAGCTGGAGTACAGCAAGCTGCTGCTGGCACCAGGGAGCAGC
CCCAAGACTCTGAGCTGCAAAGGCAAAGAAGTGGAGAACGTGTTCACTATCCGGACGCCA
GAGGATGCCAATCGCGTGGTGAGGCTGGCCCGAGGCCGCAACGTGGTCGTCGTGGGAGCC
GGCTTCCTGGGGATGGAGGTGGCCGCTTACCTGACGGAGAAGGCCCACTCTGTGTCTGTG
GTGGAGCTGGAGGAGACGCCCTTCAGGAGGTTCCTGGGGGAGCGCGTGGGTCGTGCCCTC
ATGAAGATGTTTGAGAACAACCGGGTGAAGTTCTACATGCAGACGGAGGTGTCTGAGCTG
CGGGGCCAGGAGGGAAAGCTGAAGGAGGTTGTGCTGAAGAGCAGCAAGGTCGTGCGGGCT
GACGTCTGCGTGGTGGGCATTGGTGCAGTGCCCGCCACAGGCTTCCTGAGGCAAAGCGGC
ATCGGTTTGGATTCCCGAGGCTTCATCCCTGTCAACAAGATGATGCAGACCAATGTCCCA
GGCGTGTTTGCAGCTGGCGATGCTGTCACCTTCCCCCTTGCCTGGAGGAACAACCGCAAA
GTGAACATTCCACATTGGCAGATGGCTCATGCTCAGGGGCGCGTGGCAGCCCAGAACATG
TTGGCGCAGGAGGCGGAGATGAGCACTGTGCCCTACCTCTGGACCGCCATGTTTGGCAAG
AGCCTGCGCTACGCGGGCTACGGAGAAGGCTTCGACGACGTCATCATCCAGGGGGATCTG
GAGGAGCTGAAGTTTGTGGCTTTTTACACTAAAGGCGACGAGGTGATCGCCGTGGCCAGC
ATGAACTACGATCCCATTGTGTCCAAGGTCGCTGAGGTGCTGGCCTCAGGCCGTGCCATC
CGGAAGCGGGAGGTGGAGCTGTTTGTGCTGCACAGCAAGACTGGCGACATGTCCTGGCTT
ACGGGGAAAGGATCCTGA
Enzyme 133 GenBank Gene ID NM_144704.2 Link Image
Enzyme 133 GeneCard ID AIFM3 Link Image
Enzyme 133 GenAtlas ID AIFM3 Link Image
Enzyme 133 HGNC ID HGNC:26398 Link Image
Enzyme 133 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 133 Locus 22q11.21
Enzyme 133 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 133 General References
  1. Xie Q, Lin T, Zhang Y, Zheng J, Bonanno JA: Molecular cloning and characterization of a human AIF-like gene with ability to induce apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2005 May 20;280(20):19673-81. Epub 2005 Mar 11. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 133 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 134 [top]
Enzyme 134 ID 13975
Enzyme 134 Name FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR
Enzyme 134 Synonyms
  1. Augmenter of liver regeneration
  2. hERV1
  3. Hepatopoietin
Enzyme 134 Gene Name GFER
Enzyme 134 Protein Sequence >FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR
MAAPGERGRFHGGNLFFLPGGARSEMMDDLATDARGRGAGRRDAAASASTPAQAPTSDSP
VAEDASRRRPCRACVDFKTWMRTQQKRDTKFREDCPPDREELGRHSWAVLHTLAAYYPDL
PTPEQQQDMAQFIHLFSKFYPCEECAEDLRKRLCRNHPDTRTRACFTQWLCHLHNEVNRK
LGKPDFDCSKVDERWRDGWKDGSCD
Enzyme 134 Number of Residues 205
Enzyme 134 Molecular Weight 23448.9
Enzyme 134 Theoretical pI 7.68
Enzyme 134 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • thiol oxidase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 134 General Function Involved in thiol oxidase activity
Enzyme 134 Specific Function FAD-dependent sulfhydryl oxidase that catalyzes disulfide bond formation
Enzyme 134 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 134 Reactions
  • 4 R'C(R)SH + O2 = 2 R'C(R)S-S(R)CR' + 2 H2O [RN:R00057]
Enzyme 134 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 134 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 134 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 134 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 134 GenBank ID Protein 54112432 Link Image
Enzyme 134 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P55789 Link Image
Enzyme 134 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ALR_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 134 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 134 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 134 Gene Sequence >618 bp
ATGGCGGCGCCCGGCGAGCGGGGCCGCTTCCACGGCGGGAACCTCTTCTTCCTGCCGGGG
GGCGCGCGCTCCGAGATGATGGACGACCTGGCGACCGACGCGCGGGGCCGGGGCGCGGGG
CGGAGAGACGCGGCCGCCTCGGCCTCGACGCCAGCCCAGGCGCCGACCTCCGATTCTCCT
GTCGCCGAGGACGCCTCCCGGAGGCGGCCGTGCCGGGCCTGCGTCGACTTCAAGACGTGG
ATGCGGACGCAGCAGAAGCGGGACACCAAGTTTAGGGAGGACTGCCCGCCGGATCGCGAG
GAACTGGGCCGCCACAGCTGGGCTGTCCTCCACACCCTGGCCGCCTACTACCCCGACCTG
CCCACCCCAGAACAGCAGCAAGACATGGCCCAGTTCATACATTTATTTTCTAAGTTTTAC
CCCTGTGAGGAGTGTGCTGAAGACCTAAGAAAAAGGCTGTGCAGGAACCACCCAGACACC
CGCACCCGGGCATGCTTCACACAGTGGCTGTGCCACCTGCACAATGAAGTGAACCGCAAG
CTGGGCAAGCCTGACTTCGACTGCTCAAAAGTGGATGAGCGCTGGCGCGACGGCTGGAAG
GATGGCTCCTGTGACTAG
Enzyme 134 GenBank Gene ID NM_005262.2 Link Image
Enzyme 134 GeneCard ID GFER Link Image
Enzyme 134 GenAtlas ID GFER Link Image
Enzyme 134 HGNC ID HGNC:4236 Link Image
Enzyme 134 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 134 Locus 16p13.3-p13.12
Enzyme 134 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 134 General References
  1. Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. Nature. 2004 Dec 23;432(7020):988-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Cheng J, Zhong Y: [Cloning and sequence analysis of human genomic DNA of augmenter of liver regeneration hepatitis] Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2000 Feb;8(1):12-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lisowsky T, Weinstat-Saslow DL, Barton N, Reeders ST, Schneider MC: A new human gene located in the PKD1 region of chromosome 16 is a functional homologue to ERV1 of yeast. Genomics. 1995 Oct 10;29(3):690-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Di Fonzo A, Ronchi D, Lodi T, Fassone E, Tigano M, Lamperti C, Corti S, Bordoni A, Fortunato F, Nizzardo M, Napoli L, Donadoni C, Salani S, Saladino F, Moggio M, Bresolin N, Ferrero I, Comi GP: The mitochondrial disulfide relay system protein GFER is mutated in autosomal-recessive myopathy with cataract and combined respiratory-chain deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 May;84(5):594-604. Epub 2009 Apr 30. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 134 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 135 [top]
Enzyme 135 ID 13976
Enzyme 135 Name Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1B
Enzyme 135 Synonyms
  1. Flavin-containing amine oxidase domain-containing protein 1
  2. Lysine-specific histone demethylase 2
Enzyme 135 Gene Name KDM1B
Enzyme 135 Protein Sequence >Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1B
MATPRGRTKKKASFDHSPDSLPLRSSGRQAKKKATETTDEDEDGGSEKKYRKCEKAGCTA
TCPVCFASASERCAKNGYTSRWYHLSCGEHFCNECFDHYYRSHKDGYDKYTTWKKIWTSN
GKTEPSPKAFMADQQLPYWVQCTKPECRKWRQLTKEIQLTPQIAKTYRCGMKPNTAIKPE
TSDHCSLPEDLRVLEVSNHWWYSMLILPPLLKDSVAAPLLSAYYPDCVGMSPSCTSTNRA
AATGNASPGKLEHSKAALSVHVPGMNRYFQPFYQPNECGKALCVRPDVMELDELYEFPEY
SRDPTMYLALRNLILALWYTNCKEALTPQKCIPHIIVRGLVRIRCVQEVERILYFMTRKG
LINTGVLSVGADQYLLPKDYHNKSVIIIGAGPAGLAAARQLHNFGIKVTVLEAKDRIGGR
VWDDKSFKGVTVGRGAQIVNGCINNPVALMCEQLGISMHKFGERCDLIQEGGRITDPTID
KRMDFHFNALLDVVSEWRKDKTQLQDVPLGEKIEEIYKAFIKESGIQFSELEGQVLQFHL
SNLEYACGSNLHQVSARSWDHNEFFAQFAGDHTLLTPGYSVIIEKLAEGLDIQLKSPQVQ
CIDYSGDEVQVTTTDGTGYSAQKVLVTVPLALLQKGAIQFNPPLSEKKMKAINSLGAGII
EKIALQFPYRFWDSKVQGADFFGHVPPSASKRGLFAVFYDMDPQKKHSVLMSVIAGEAVA
SVRTLDDKQVLQQCMATLRELFKEQEVPDPTKYFVTRWSTDPWIQMAYSFVKTGGSGEAY
DIIAEDIQGTVFFAGEATNRHFPQTVTGAYLSGVREASKIAAF
Enzyme 135 Number of Residues 823
Enzyme 135 Molecular Weight 92225.7
Enzyme 135 Theoretical pI 7.93
Enzyme 135 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • transition metal ion binding
  • zinc ion binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 135 General Function Involved in zinc ion binding
Enzyme 135 Specific Function Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation, thereby acting as a corepressor. Required for de novo DNA methylation of a subset of imprinted genes during oogenesis. Acts by oxidizing the substrate by FAD to generate the corresponding imine that is subsequently hydrolyzed. Demethylates both mono- and di-methylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3. Has no effect on tri- methylated 'Lys-4', mono-, di- or tri-methylated 'Lys-9', mono-, di- or tri-methylated 'Lys-27', mono-, di- or tri-methylated 'Lys- 36' of histone H3, or on mono-, di- or tri-methylated 'Lys-20' of histone H4
Enzyme 135 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 135 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 135 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 135 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 135 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 135 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 135 GenBank ID Protein 297677229 Link Image
Enzyme 135 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8NB78 Link Image
Enzyme 135 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name KDM1B_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 135 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 135 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 135 Gene Sequence >2475 bp
ATGGCAACCCCACGGGGGAGGACAAAGAAAAAAGCATCTTTTGATCATTCTCCGGATAGC
CTTCCTTTGAGGAGCTCCGGTAGGCAGGTAGTGGCGAAGAAGAAAGCAACAGAGACAACA
GATGAGGATGAAGATGGTGGGTCAGAGAAGAAGTACAGGAAATGTGAAAAGGCAGGCTGT
ACGGCAACATGTCCTGTGTGCTTTGCGAGTGCTTCTGAAAGATGTGCCAAAAATGGCTAC
ACCTCCCGATGGTATCATCTCTCCTGTGGGGAACATTTCTGTAATGAATGCTTTGACCAT
TACTACAGAAGCCATAAGGATGGATATGACAAATATACTACATGGAAAAAAATATGGACT
AGCAATGGCAAAACTGAACCTAGTCCCAAAGCTTTCATGGCAGACCAGCAACTCCCCTAC
TGGGTTCAGTGTACAAAACCTGAGTGTAGAAAATGGAGGCAGCTTACCAAGGAAATCCAG
CTTACTCCACAGATAGCCAAGACTTATCGATGTGGTATGAAACCAAATACTGCTATTAAG
CCTGAGACCTCAGATCATTGTTCCCTTCCAGAGGATCTAAGAGTATTGGAAGTTTCCAAC
CATTGGTGGTACTCTATGCTCATCCTACCTCCTTTGCTGAAAGACAGCGTGGCAGCGCCC
CTGCTGTCTGCCTACTACCCCGACTGTGTTGGCATGAGCCCCTCCTGCACCAGCACAAAC
CGTGCCGCTGCCATTGGCGATGCCAGCCCTGGGAAGCTGGAGCACTCCAAGGCTGCCCTC
TCCGTGCACGTTCCAGGCATGAACCGATACTTCCAGCCTTTCTACCAGCCCAATGAGTGT
GGCAAAGCCCTCTGTGTGAGGCCGGATGTGATGGAACTGGATGAGCTCTATGAGTTTCCA
GAGTATTCCCGAGACCCCACCATGTACCTGGCTTTGAGAAACCTCATCCTCGCACTGTGG
TATACTAACTGCAAAGAAGCTCTTACTCCTCAGAAATGTATTCCTCACATCATCGTCCGG
GGTCTTGTGCGTATTCGATGCGTTCAGGAAGTGGAGAGAATACTGTATTTTATGACCAGA
AAAGGTCTCATCAACACTGGAGTTCTCAGCGTGGGAGCCGACCAGTATCTTCTCCCTAAG
GACTACCACAATAAATCAGTCATCATTATCGGGGCTGGTCCCGCAGGATTAGCAGCTGCT
AAGCAACTGCATAACTTTGGAATTAAGGTGACTGTCCTGGAAGCCAAAGACAGAATTGGA
GGCCGAGTCTGGGATGATAAATCTTTTAAAGGCGTCACAGTGGGAAGAGGAGCTCAGATT
GTCAATGGGTGTATTAACAACCCAGTAGCATTAATGTGTGAGCAACTTGGCATCAGCATG
CATAAATTTGGAGAAAGATGTGACTTAATTCAGGAAGGTGGAAGAATAACTGACCCCACT
ATTGACAAGCGCATGGATTTTCATTTTAATGCTCTCTTGGATGTTGTCTCTGAGTGGAGA
AAGGATAAGACTCAGCTCCAAGATGTCCCTTTAGGAGAAAAGATAGAAGAGATCTACAAG
GCATTTATTAAGGAATCTGGTATCCAATTCAGTGAGCTGGAGGGACAGGTGCTTCAGTTC
CATCTCAGTAACCTGGAGTACGCCTGTGGCAGCAACCTTCACCAGGTATCTGCTCGCTCC
TGGGACCACAATGAATTCTTTGCCCAGTTTGCTGGTGACCACACTCTGCTAACTCCCGGG
TACTCAGTGATAATTGAAAAACTGGCAGAAGGGCTCGACATTCGACTCAAATCTCCAGTG
CAGTGTATTGATTATTCTGGAGGTGAAGTGCAGGTTACCACTACAGATGGCACAGGGTAT
TCTGCACAAAAGGTATTAGTCACTGTACCACTGGCTTTACTACAGAAAGGTGCCATTCAG
TTTAATCCACCATTATCAGAGAAGAAGATGAAGGCTATCAACAGCTTAGGCGCAGGCATC
ATTGAAAAGATTGCCTTGCAATTTCCATATAGATTTTGGGACAGTAAAGTTCAAGGGGCT
GACTTTTTTGGTCACGTTCCTCCCAGTGCCAGCAAGCGAGGGCTTTTTGCCGTGTTCTAT
GATATGGATCCCCAGAAGAAGCACAGCGTGCTGATGTCTGTGATTGCCGGGGAGGCTGTC
GCGTCCGTGAGGACCCTGGAAGACAAACAGGTGCTGCAGCAGTGCATGGCCACGCTCCGG
GAGCTGTTCAAGGAGCAGGAGGTCCCAGATCCCACAAAGTATTTTGTCACTCGGTGGAGC
ACAGACCCATGGATCCAGATGGCATACAGTTTTGTGAAGACAGGTGGAAGTGGGGAGGCC
TATGATATCATTGCTGAAGACATTCAAGGAACCGTCTTTTTCGCTGGTGAGGCAACAAAC
AGGCATTTCCCACAAACTGTTACAGGGGCATATTTGAGTGGCGTTCGAGAAGCAAGCAAG
ATTGCAGCATTTTAA
Enzyme 135 GenBank Gene ID XM_002816464 Link Image
Enzyme 135 GeneCard ID KDM1B Link Image
Enzyme 135 GenAtlas ID KDM1B Link Image
Enzyme 135 HGNC ID HGNC:21577 Link Image
Enzyme 135 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 135 Locus 6p22.3
Enzyme 135 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 135 General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Cantin GT, Yi W, Lu B, Park SK, Xu T, Lee JD, Yates JR 3rd: Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis. J Proteome Res. 2008 Mar;7(3):1346-51. Epub 2008 Jan 26. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 135 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 136 [top]
Enzyme 136 ID 13977
Enzyme 136 Name Cryptochrome-2
Enzyme 136 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 136 Gene Name CRY2
Enzyme 136 Protein Sequence >Cryptochrome-2
MAATVATAAAVAPAPAPGTDSASSVHWFRKGLRLHDNPALLAAVRGARCVRCVYILDPWF
AASSSVGINRWRFLLQSLEDLDTSLRKLNSRLFVVRGQPADVFPRLFKEWGVTRLTFEYD
SEPFGKERDAAIMKMAKEAGVEVVTENSHTLYDLDRIIELNGQKPPLTYKRFQAIISRME
LPKKPVGLVTSQQMESCRAEIQENHDETYGVPSLEELGFPTEGLGPAVWQGGETEALARL
DKHLERKAWVANYERPRMNANSLLASPTGLSPYLRFGCLSCRLFYYRLWDLYKKVKRNST
PPLSLFGQLLWREFFYTAATNNPRFDRMEGNPICIQIPWDRNPEALAKWAEGKTGFPWID
AIMTQLRQEGWIHHLARHAVACFLTRGDLWVSWESGVRVFDELLLDADFSVNAGSWMWLS
CSAFFQQFFHCYCPVGFGRRTDPSGDYIRRYLPKLKAFPSRYIYEPWNAPESIQKAAKCI
IGVDYPRPIVNHAETSRLNIERMKQIYQQLSRYRGLCLLASVPSCVEDLSHPVAEPSSSQ
AGSMSSAGPRPLPSGPASPKRKLEAAEEPPGEELSKRARVAELPTPELPSKDA
Enzyme 136 Number of Residues 593
Enzyme 136 Molecular Weight 66945.9
Enzyme 136 Theoretical pI 8.45
Enzyme 136 GO Classification
Function
  • DNA photolyase activity
  • carbon-carbon lyase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • lyase activity
Process
  • DNA metabolic process
  • DNA repair
  • cellular macromolecule metabolic process
  • macromolecule metabolic process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 136 General Function Involved in DNA photolyase activity
Enzyme 136 Specific Function Blue light-dependent regulator of the circadian feedback loop. Inhibits CLOCK|NPAS2-ARNTL E box-mediated transcription. Acts, in conjunction with CRY2, in maintaining period length and circadian rhythmicity. Has no photolyase activity. Capable of translocating circadian clock core proteins such as PER proteins to the nucleus. May inhibit CLOCK|NPAS2-ARNTL transcriptional activity through stabilizing the unphosphorylated form of ARNTL
Enzyme 136 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 136 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 136 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 136 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 136 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 136 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 136 GenBank ID Protein 27469701 Link Image
Enzyme 136 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q49AN0 Link Image
Enzyme 136 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CRY2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 136 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 136 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 136 Gene Sequence >1782 bp
ATGGCGGCGACTGTGGCGACGGCGGCAGCTGTGGCCCCGGCGCCAGCGCCCGGCACGGAC
AGCGCCTCTTCGGTGCACTGGTTCCGCAAAGGGCTGCGACTCCACGACAACCCGGCGTTG
CTGGCGGCCGTGCGCGGGGCGCGCTGCGTGCGCTGCGTTTACATTCTCGACCCGTGGTTC
GCGGCCTCCTCCTCAGTCGGGATCAACCGATGGAGGTTCCTACTTCAGTCTCTGGAAGAT
TTGGACACAAGTTTAAGGAAACTGAACTCCCGCCTGTTTGTAGTCCGGGGACAGCCAGCC
GACGTGTTCCCAAGGCTGTTCAAGGAATGGGGAGTGACCCGCTTGACCTTTGAATATGAC
TCTGAACCCTTTGGGAAAGAACGGGATGCAGCCATCATGAAGATGGCCAAGGAGGCTGGT
GTGGAAGTAGTGACGGAGAATTCTCATACCCTCTATGACCTGGACAGGATCATTGAGCTG
AATGGGCAGAAGCCACCCCTTACATACAAGCGCTTTCAGGCCATCATCAGCCGCATGGAG
CTGCCCAAGAAGCCAGTGGGCTTGGTGACCAGCCAGCAGATGGAGAGCTGCAGGGCCGAG
ATCCAGGAGAACCACGACGAGACCTACGGCGTGCCCTCCCTGGAGGAGCTGGGGTTCCCC
ACTGAAGGACTTGGTCCAGCTGTCTGGCAGGGAGGAGAGACAGAAGCTCTGGCCCGCCTG
GATAAGCACTTGGAACGGAAGGCCTGGGTTGCCAACTATGAGAGACCCCGAATGAACGCC
AACTCCCTCCTGGCCAGCCCCACAGGCCTCAGCCCCTACCTGCGCTTTGGTTGTCTCTCC
TGCCGCCTCTTCTACTACCGCCTGTGGGACCTGTATAAAAAGGTGAAGCGGAACAGCACA
CCTCCCCTCTCCCTATTTGGGCAACTCCTATGGCGAGAGTTCTTCTACACGGCAGCTACC
AACAACCCCAGGTTTGACCGCATGGAGGGGAACCCCATCTGCATCCAGATCCCCTGGGAC
CGCAATCCTGAGGCCCTGGCCAAGTGGGCTGAGGGCAAGACAGGCTTCCCTTGGATTGAT
GCCATCATGACCCAACTGAGGCAGGAGGGCTGGATCCACCACCTGGCCCGGCATGCCGTG
GCCTGCTTCCTGACCCGCGGGGACCTCTGGGTCAGCTGGGAGAGCGGGGTCCGGGTATTT
GATGAGCTGCTCCTGGATGCAGATTTCAGCGTGAACGCAGGCAGCTGGATGTGGCTGTCC
TGCAGTGCTTTCTTCCAGCAGTTCTTCCACTGCTACTGCCCTGTGGGCTTTGGCCGTCGC
ACGGACCCCAGTGGGGACTACATCAGGCGATACCTGCCCAAATTGAAAGCGTTCCCCTCT
CGATACATCTATGAGCCCTGGAATGCCCCAGAGTCAATTCAGAAGGCAGCCAAGTGCATC
ATTGGTGTGGACTACCCACGGCCCATCGTCAACCATGCCGAGACCAGCCGGCTTAACATT
GAACGAATGAAGCAGATTTACCAGCAGCTTTCGCGCTACCGGGGACTCTGTCTACTGGCA
TCTGTCCCTTCCTGTGTGGAAGACCTCAGTCACCCTGTGGCAGAGCCCAGCTCGAGCCAG
GCTGGCAGCATGAGCAGTGCAGGCCCAAGACCACTACCCAGTGGCCCAGCATCCCCCAAA
CGCAAGCTGGAAGCAGCCGAGGAACCACCTGGTGAAGAACTCAGCAAACGGGCCCGGGTG
GCAGAGTTGCCAACCCCAGAGCTGCCGAGCAAGGATGCCTGA
Enzyme 136 GenBank Gene ID BC041814 Link Image
Enzyme 136 GeneCard ID CRY2 Link Image
Enzyme 136 GenAtlas ID CRY2 Link Image
Enzyme 136 HGNC ID HGNC:2385 Link Image
Enzyme 136 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 136 Locus 11p11.2
Enzyme 136 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 136 General References
  1. Hsu DS, Zhao X, Zhao S, Kazantsev A, Wang RP, Todo T, Wei YF, Sancar A: Putative human blue-light photoreceptors hCRY1 and hCRY2 are flavoproteins. Biochemistry. 1996 Nov 5;35(44):13871-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Taylor TD, Noguchi H, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Dewar K, Lloyd C, Itoh T, Takeda T, Kim DW, She X, Barlow KF, Bloom T, Bruford E, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Eichler E, FitzGerald MG, Jaffe DB, LaButti K, Nicol R, Park HS, Seaman C, Sougnez C, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Zody MC, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Rogers J, Lander ES, Sakaki Y: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):497-500. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ishikawa K, Nagase T, Suyama M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. X. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro. DNA Res. 1998 Jun 30;5(3):169-76. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kobayashi K, Kanno S, Smit B, van der Horst GT, Takao M, Yasui A: Characterization of photolyase/blue-light receptor homologs in mouse and human cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Nov 15;26(22):5086-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Griffin EA Jr, Staknis D, Weitz CJ: Light-independent role of CRY1 and CRY2 in the mammalian circadian clock. Science. 1999 Oct 22;286(5440):768-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Busino L, Bassermann F, Maiolica A, Lee C, Nolan PM, Godinho SI, Draetta GF, Pagano M: SCFFbxl3 controls the oscillation of the circadian clock by directing the degradation of cryptochrome proteins. Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):900-4. Epub 2007 Apr 26. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 136 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 137 [top]
Enzyme 137 ID 13978
Enzyme 137 Name tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 1-like
Enzyme 137 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 137 Gene Name DUS1L
Enzyme 137 Protein Sequence >tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 1-like
MPKLQGFEFWSRTLRGARHVVAPMVDQSELAWRLLSRRHGAQLCYTPMLHAQVFVRDANY
RKENLYCEVCPEDRPLIVQFCANDPEVFVQAALLAQDYCDAIDLNLGCPQMIAKRGHYGA
FLQDEWDLLQRMILLAHEKLSVPVTCKIRVFPEIDKTVRYAQMLEKAGCQLLTVHGRTKE
QKGPLSGAASWEHIKAVRKAVAIPVFANGNIQCLQDVERCLRDTGVQGVMSAEGNLHNPA
LFEGRSPAVWELAEEYLDIVREHPCPLSYVRAHLFKLWHHTLQVHQELREELAKVKTLEG
IAAVSQELKLRCQEEISRQEGAKPTGDLPFHWICQPYIRPGPREGSKEKAGARSKRALEE
EEGGTEVLSKNKQKKQLRNPHKTFDPSLKPKYAKCDQCGNPKGNRCVFSLCRGCCKKRAS
KETADCPGHGLLFKTKLEKSLAWKEAQPELQEPQPAAPGTPGGFSEVMGSALA
Enzyme 137 Number of Residues 473
Enzyme 137 Molecular Weight 53230.0
Enzyme 137 Theoretical pI 8.37
Enzyme 137 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • tRNA dihydrouridine synthase activity
Process
  • RNA metabolic process
  • cellular macromolecule metabolic process
  • macromolecule metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • ncRNA metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • tRNA metabolic process
  • tRNA processing
Component
Enzyme 137 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 137 Specific Function Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs
Enzyme 137 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 137 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 137 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 137 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 137 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 137 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 137 GenBank ID Protein 40807366 Link Image
Enzyme 137 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q6P1R4 Link Image
Enzyme 137 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DUS1L_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 137 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 137 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 137 Gene Sequence >1422 bp
ATGCCAAAGCTGCAGGGCTTCGAGTTCTGGAGCCGCACCCTGCGAGGGGCCCGCCACGTC
GTGGCCCCCATGGTGGACCAGAGCGAGCTGGCCTGGAGGCTGCTGAGCCGGCGCCACGGG
GCACAGCTCTGCTACACGCCCATGCTGCATGCCCAGGTCTTTGTCCGCGACGCCAACTAC
CGGAAGGAGAACCTGTACTGCGAGGTGTGCCCCGAGGACCGGCCCCTCATCGTGCAGTTC
TGTGCCAATGACCCGGAGGTGTTTGTTCAGGCGGCTCTCCTGGCTCAGGATTACTGTGAC
GCCATTGACCTGAACTTGGGCTGCCCACAGATGATAGCCAAGAGAGGTCACTATGGCGCC
TTTCTGCAGGACGAGTGGGACCTGCTCCAAAGAATGATTTTGCTGGCCCACGAGAAACTC
TCTGTTCCTGTCACGTGCAAAATCCGTGTCTTCCCGGAGATTGACAAGACCGTGAGGTAC
GCCCAGATGCTGGAGAAGGCCGGCTGCCAGTTGCTGACGGTGCACGGACGCACCAAGGAG
CAGAAGGGGCCCCTGTCGGGTGCAGCGTCCTGGGAGCATATCAAGGCTGTGCGGAAGGCT
GTGGCCATCCCTGTGTTTGCTAACGGGAACATCCAGTGCCTGCAGGACGTGGAGCGCTGC
CTCCGGGACACGGGTGTGCAGGGCGTCATGAGCGCAGAGGGCAACCTGCACAACCCCGCC
CTGTTCGAGGGCCGGAGCCCTGCCGTGTGGGAGCTGGCCGAGGAGTATCTGGACATCGTG
CGGGAGCACCCCTGCCCCCTGTCCTACGTCCGGGCCCACCTCTTCAAGCTGTGGCACCAC
ACGCTGCAGGTGCACCAGGAGCTGCGAGAGGAGCTGGCCAAGGTGAAGACCCTGGAGGGC
ATCGCTGCTGTGAGCCAGGAGCTGAAGCTGCGGTGTCAGGAGGAGATATCCAGGCAGGAG
GGAGCGAAGCCCACCGGCGACTTGCCCTTCCACTGGATCTGCCAGCCCTACATCCGGCCG
GGGCCCAGGGAGGGGAGCAAGGAGAAGGCAGGTGCGCGCAGCAAGCGGGCCCTGGAGGAA
GAGGAGGGTGGCACGGAGGTCCTGTCCAAGAACAAGCAAAAGAAGCAGCTGAGGAACCCC
CACAAGACCTTCGACCCCTCTCTGAAGCCAAAATATGCAAAGTGTGACCAGTGTGGAAAC
CCAAAGGGCAACAGATGTGTGTTCAGCCTGTGCCGCGGCTGCTGCAAGAAGCGAGCCTCC
AAAGAGACTGCAGACTGCCCAGGTCACGGATTGCTTTTTAAAACCAAATTGGAGAAGTCT
CTGGCCTGGAAAGAGGCCCAGCCTGAGCTGCAGGAGCCTCAGCCAGCAGCACCTGGAACA
CCAGGTGGCTTCTCCGAAGTCATGGGCAGTGCCCTGGCCTGA
Enzyme 137 GenBank Gene ID NM_022156.3 Link Image
Enzyme 137 GeneCard ID DUS1L Link Image
Enzyme 137 GenAtlas ID DUS1L Link Image
Enzyme 137 HGNC ID HGNC:30086 Link Image
Enzyme 137 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 137 Locus 17q25.3
Enzyme 137 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 137 General References
  1. Zody MC, Garber M, Adams DJ, Sharpe T, Harrow J, Lupski JR, Nicholson C, Searle SM, Wilming L, Young SK, Abouelleil A, Allen NR, Bi W, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Bugalter BE, Butler J, Chang JL, Chen CK, Cook A, Corum B, Cuomo CA, de Jong PJ, DeCaprio D, Dewar K, FitzGerald M, Gilbert J, Gibson R, Gnerre S, Goldstein S, Grafham DV, Grocock R, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hart E, Norman CH, Humphray S, Jaffe DB, Jones M, Kamal M, Khodiyar VK, LaButti K, Laird G, Lehoczky J, Liu X, Lokyitsang T, Loveland J, Lui A, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews L, Mauceli E, McCarroll SA, Mihalev AH, Mudge J, Nguyen C, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Osoegawa K, Schwartz DC, Shaw-Smith C, Stankiewicz P, Steward C, Swarbreck D, Venkataraman V, Whittaker CA, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Bradley A, Hubbard T, Birren BW, Rogers J, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage. Nature. 2006 Apr 20;440(7087):1045-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 137 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 138 [top]
Enzyme 138 ID 13979
Enzyme 138 Name tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 3-like
Enzyme 138 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 138 Gene Name DUS3L
Enzyme 138 Protein Sequence >tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 3-like
MAEGTAEAPLENGGGGDSGAGALERGVAPIKRQYLTTKEQFHQFLEAKGQEKTCRETEVG
DPAGNELAEPEAKRIRLEDGQTADGQTEEAAEPGEQLQTQKRARGQNKGRPHVKPTNYDK
NRLCPSLIQESAAKCFFGDRCRFLHDVGRYLETKPADLGPRCVLFETFGRCPYGVTCRFA
GAHLRPEGQNLVQEELAARGTQPPSIRNGLDKALQQQLRKREVRFERAEQALRRFSQGPT
PAAAVPEGTAAEGAPRQENCGAQQVPAGPGTSTPPSSPVRTCGPLTDEDVVRLRPCEKKR
LDIRGKLYLAPLTTCGNLPFRRICKRFGADVTCGEMAVCTNLLQGQMSEWALLKRHQCED
IFGVQLEGAFPDTMTKCAELLSRTVEVDFVDINVGCPIDLVYKKGGGCALMNRSTKFQQI
VRGMNQVLDVPLTVKIRTGVQERVNLAHRLLPELRDWGVALVTLHGRSREQRYTKLADWQ
YIEECVQAASPMPLFGNGDILSFEDANRAMQTGVTGIMIARGALLKPWLFTEIKEQRHWD
ISSSERLDILRDFTNYGLEHWGSDTQGVEKTRRFLLEWLSFLCRYVPVGLLERLPQRINE
RPPYYLGRDYLETLMASQKAADWIRISEMLLGPVPPSFAFLPKHKANAYK
Enzyme 138 Number of Residues 650
Enzyme 138 Molecular Weight 72593.3
Enzyme 138 Theoretical pI 8.11
Enzyme 138 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleic acid binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • tRNA dihydrouridine synthase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
  • zinc ion binding
Process
  • RNA metabolic process
  • cellular macromolecule metabolic process
  • macromolecule metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • ncRNA metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • tRNA metabolic process
  • tRNA processing
Component
Enzyme 138 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 138 Specific Function Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs
Enzyme 138 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 138 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 138 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 138 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 138 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 138 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 138 GenBank ID Protein 10436076 Link Image
Enzyme 138 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96G46 Link Image
Enzyme 138 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DUS3L_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 138 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 138 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 138 Gene Sequence >1953 bp
ATGGCGGAGGGAACGGCGGAGGCTCCTCTAGAGAATGGTGGTGGTGGCGACTCGGGAGCC
GGAGCTTTGGAACGAGGAGTGGCGCCCATTAAGCGTCAATACCTCACCACCAAGGAGCAG
TTTCACCAATTCCTGGAAGCCAAAGGGCAGGAGAAGACTTGCCGGGAAACCGAGGTAGGA
GACCCTGCTGGCAATGAGCTGGCTGAGCCTGAGGCTAAGCGGATCCGACTGGAGGATGGA
CAGACGGCGGACGGGCAGACGGAGGAGGCAGCAGAGCCCGGGGAGCAGCTACAGACTCAG
AAGAGGGCCCGGGGACAAAACAAGGGCCGGCCCCATGTGAAGCCCACGAACTACGACAAG
AACAGGCTGTGTCCCTCCCTAATCCAGGAGTCGGCTGCTAATTGTTTCTTCGGTGATCGC
TGCCGCTTTCTGCACGACGTGGGGCGCTACCTGGAGACCAAGCCGGCCGACCTGGGCCCC
CGCTGCGTGCTCTTCGAGACCTTCGGCCGGTGCCCCTACGGCGTGACCTGCCGCTTCGCT
GGGGCCCACCTGAGGCCCGAGGGACAGAACCTGGTGCAGGAGGAGTTGGCGGCCCGCGGG
ACCCAGCCCCCGTCCATCCGCAACGGCCTGGACAAAGCCCTGCAGCAGCAGCTGCGGAAG
CGCGAGGTCCGCTTCGAGCGAGCTGAGCAGGCCCTGCGCCGGTTCAGCCAGGGCCCCACA
CCCGCTGCCGCTGTCCCCGAGGGCACGGCAGCCGAGGGCGCTCCCAGGCAGGAAAACTGT
GGTGCCCAGCAGGTCCCCGCAGGGCCGGGCACTAGCACCCCTCCCAGCAGCCCCGTGCGG
ACCTGCGGGCCCCTGACGGATGAGGACGTGGTCAGGCTGCGGCCCTGTGAGAAGAAGCGG
CTGGACATCCGTGGCAAACTTTACCTGGCCCCCCTCACCACGTGTGGGAACCTGCCCTTC
CGACGGATCTGCAAGCGCTTCGGGGCGGATGTGACATGTGGAGAGATGGCCGTCTGCACC
AACCTGCTGCAGGGCCAGATGTCCGAGTGGGCCCTACTCAAACGCCACCAGTGTGAGGAC
ATCTTTGGCGTCCAGCTGGAGGGCGCCTTCCCCGACACCATGACCAAGTGTGCCGAGCTG
CTGAGCCGCACCGTGGAGGTGGACTTTGTGGACATCAACGTCGGCTGCCCCATCGACCTC
GTGTACAAGAAGGGTGGGGGCTGTGCCCTCATGAATCGCTCCACCAAGTTCCAGCAGATC
GTCCGTGGCATGAACCAGGTGCTGGATGTGCCGCTGACTGTGAAGATCCGCACAGGCGTC
CAGGAGCGTGTGAACCTGGCGCACCGCCTGCTGCCCGAGCTGCGGGACTGGGGCGTGGCA
CTCGTCACGCTCCACGGCCGCTCTCGGGAGCAGCGCTACACCAAGCTAGCCGACTGGCAG
TACATCGAGGAGTGCGTGCAGGCCGCCAGCCCCATGCCCCTGTTCGGAAATGGGGACATC
TTGTCATTTGAGGATGCCAACCGCGCCATGCAGACTGGTGTCACCGGGATCATGATTGCC
CGTGGCGCCCTGCTCAAGCCGTGGCTCTTCACGGAGATCAAGGAGCAGCGGCACTGGGAC
ATCTCGTCGTCCGAGCGCCTGGACATCCTGCGGGACTTCACCAACTACGGCCTGGAGCAC
TGGGGCTCGGACACGCAGGGCGTGGAGAAGACCCGGCGCTTTCTGCTCGAGTGGCTGTCC
TTCCTGTGCCGGTACGTGCCCGTGGGGCTGCTGGAGCGGCTCCCACAGAGGATCAACGAG
CGGCCGCCCTACTACCTGGGCCGCGACTACCTGGAGACGCTGATGGCCAGCCAGAAGGCA
GCCGACTGGATCCGCATCAGCGAGATGCTCCTTGGGCCAGTGCCCCCCAGCTTCGCCTTC
TTGCCGAAGCACAAGGCCAACGCGTACAAGTAG
Enzyme 138 GenBank Gene ID AK023958 Link Image
Enzyme 138 GeneCard ID DUS3L Link Image
Enzyme 138 GenAtlas ID DUS3L Link Image
Enzyme 138 HGNC ID HGNC:26920 Link Image
Enzyme 138 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 138 Locus 19p13.3
Enzyme 138 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 138 General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Cantin GT, Yi W, Lu B, Park SK, Xu T, Lee JD, Yates JR 3rd: Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis. J Proteome Res. 2008 Mar;7(3):1346-51. Epub 2008 Jan 26. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 138 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 139 [top]
Enzyme 139 ID 13980
Enzyme 139 Name tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 4-like
Enzyme 139 Synonyms
  1. pp35
Enzyme 139 Gene Name DUS4L
Enzyme 139 Protein Sequence >tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase 4-like
MKSDCMQTTICQERKKDPIEMFHSGQLVKVCAPMVRYSKLAFRTLVRKYSCDLCYTPMIV
AADFVKSIKARDSEFTTNQGDCPLIVQFAANDARLLSDAARIVCPYANGIDINCGCPQRW
AMAEGYGACLINKPELVQDMVKQVRNQVETPGFSVSIKIRIHDDLKRTVDLCQKAEATGV
SWITVHGRTAEERHQPVHYDSIKIIKENMSIPVIANGDIRSLKEAENVWRITGTDGVMVA
RGLLANPAMFAGYEETPLKCIWDWVDIALELGTPYMCFHQHLMYMMEKITSRQEKRVFNA
LSSTSAIIDYLTDHYGI
Enzyme 139 Number of Residues 317
Enzyme 139 Molecular Weight 35816.2
Enzyme 139 Theoretical pI 7.37
Enzyme 139 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • tRNA dihydrouridine synthase activity
Process
  • RNA metabolic process
  • cellular macromolecule metabolic process
  • macromolecule metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • ncRNA metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • tRNA metabolic process
  • tRNA processing
Component
Enzyme 139 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 139 Specific Function Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs
Enzyme 139 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 139 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 139 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 139 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 139 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 139 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 139 GenBank ID Protein 31742496 Link Image
Enzyme 139 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95620 Link Image
Enzyme 139 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DUS4L_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 139 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 139 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 139 Gene Sequence >954 bp
ATGAAGAGTGACTGCATGCAAACGACAATATGTCAGGAAAGAAAAAAAGATCCCATAGAA
ATGTTTCATTCTGGACAGCTGGTAAAAGTCTGTGCCCCAATGGTTCGATATTCAAAGTTG
GCTTTTAGGACACTAGTAAGAAAATATAGTTGTGATCTGTGTTACACACCAATGATTGTT
GCCGCTGATTTTGTCAAATCTATAAAAGCCAGAGACAGCGAATTTACCACAAATCAAGGT
GATTGCCCATTGATTGTTCAGTTTGCTGCTAACGATGCAAGACTTTTATCTGATGCTGCT
CGTATAGTCTGTCCTTATGCGAATGGAATAGACATTAACTGTGGTTGCCCTCAGAGGTGG
GCAATGGCAGAAGGTTATGGGGCTTGCTTAATAAACAAGCCAGAGCTTGTTCAAGACATG
GTGAAACAAGTAAGAAATCAAGTGGAAACCCCTGGATTTTCAGTTTCTATTAAAATAAGG
ATCCATGATGACCTTAAAAGAACTGTAGATCTTTGTCAAAAGGCTGAAGCAACAGGAGTT
TCATGGATTACAGTCCATGGAAGAACTGCTGAAGAAAGACATCAGCCAGTGCACTATGAT
TCCATTAAAATAATTAAGGAAAATATGTCTATACCTGTAATTGCTAATGGAGACATCAGA
AGCTTAAAGGAAGCAGAAAATGTGTGGCGGATTACTGGGACAGATGGTGTGATGGTTGCA
AGAGGACTCTTAGCAAACCCGGCCATGTTTGCTGGATATGAGGAAACCCCACTGAAATGC
ATCTGGGACTGGGTTGACATTGCTCTTGAACTCGGGACTCCTTACATGTGTTTCCATCAA
CATTTAATGTACATGATGGAAAAGATAACTTCAAGGCAGGAAAAAAGGGTATTTAATGCT
CTGTCAAGCACATCAGCAATCATAGATTACCTTACAGACCATTATGGCATTTGA
Enzyme 139 GenBank Gene ID NM_181581.1 Link Image
Enzyme 139 GeneCard ID DUS4L Link Image
Enzyme 139 GenAtlas ID DUS4L Link Image
Enzyme 139 HGNC ID HGNC:21517 Link Image
Enzyme 139 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 139 Locus 7q22-q31
Enzyme 139 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 139 General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 139 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 140 [top]
Enzyme 140 ID 13981
Enzyme 140 Name ERO1-like protein alpha
Enzyme 140 Synonyms
  1. ERO1-L
  2. ERO1-L-alpha
  3. Endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1-like protein
  4. Oxidoreductin-1-L-alpha
Enzyme 140 Gene Name ERO1L
Enzyme 140 Protein Sequence >ERO1-like protein alpha
MGRGWGFLFGLLGAVWLLSSGHGEEQPPETAAQRCFCQVSGYLDDCTCDVETIDRFNNYR
LFPRLQKLLESDYFRYYKVNLKRPCPFWNDISQCGRRDCAVKPCQSDEVPDGIKSASYKY
SEEANNLIEECEQAERLGAVDESLSEETQKAVLQWTKHDDSSDNFCEADDIQSPEAEYVD
LLLNPERYTGYKGPDAWKIWNVIYEENCFKPQTIKRPLNPLASGQGTSEENTFYSWLEGL
CVEKRAFYRLISGLHASINVHLSARYLLQETWLEKKWGHNITEFQQRFDGILTEGEGPRR
LKNLYFLYLIELRALSKVLPFFERPDFQLFTGNKIQDEENKMLLLEILHEIKSFPLHFDE
NSFFAGDKKEAHKLKEDFRLHFRNISRIMDCVGCFKCRLWGKLQTQGLGTALKILFSEKL
IANMPESGPSYEFHLTRQEIVSLFNAFGRISTSVKELENFRNLLQNIH
Enzyme 140 Number of Residues 468
Enzyme 140 Molecular Weight 54392.1
Enzyme 140 Theoretical pI 5.41
Enzyme 140 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, disulfide as acceptor
  • protein binding
  • purine nucleoside binding
Process
  • cellular protein metabolic process
  • macromolecule metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • protein folding
  • protein metabolic process
  • protein thiol-disulfide exchange
Component
  • cell part
  • endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • membrane
  • organelle membrane
Enzyme 140 General Function Involved in protein binding
Enzyme 140 Specific Function Essential oxidoreductase that oxidizes proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum to produce disulfide bonds. Acts by oxidizing directly P4HB/PDI isomerase through a direct disulfide exchange. Does not act as a direct oxidant of folding substrate, but relies on P4HB/PDI to transfer oxidizing equivalent. Associates with ERP44 but not with GRP54, demonstrating that it does not oxidize all PDI related proteins and can discriminate between PDI and related proteins. Its reoxidation probably involves electron transfer to molecular oxygen via FAD. Acts independently of glutathione. May be responsible for a significant proportion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell, thereby being a source of oxidative stress. Required for the folding of immunoglobulin proteins. Responsible for the release of the unfolded cholera toxin from reduced P4HB/PDI in case of infection by V.cholerae, thereby playing a role in retrotranslocation of the toxin
Enzyme 140 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 140 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 140 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 140 Signals
  • 1-23
Enzyme 140 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 140 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 140 GenBank ID Protein 7021226 Link Image
Enzyme 140 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96HE7 Link Image
Enzyme 140 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ERO1A_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 140 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 140 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 140 Gene Sequence >1407 bp
ATGGGCCGCGGCTGGGGATTCTTGTTTGGCCTCCTGGGCGCCGTGTGGCTGCTCAGCTCG
GGCCACGGAGAGGAGCAGCCCCCGGAGACAGCGGCACAGAGGTGCTTCTGCCAGGTTAGT
GGTTACTTGGATGATTGTACCTGTGATGTTGAAACCATTGATAGATTTAATAACTACAGG
CTTTTCCCAAGACTACAAAAACTTCTTGAAAGTGACTACTTTAGGTATTACAAGGTAAAC
CTGAAGAGGCCGTGTCCTTTCTGGAATGACATCAGCCAGTGTGGAAGAAGGGACTGTGCT
GTCAAACCATGTCAATCTGATGAAGTTCCTGATGGAATTAAATCTGCGAGCTACAAGTAT
TCTGAAGAAGCCAATAATCTCATTGAAGAATGTGAACAAGCTGAACGACTTGGAGCAGTG
GATGAATCTCTGAGTGAGGAAACACAGAAGGCTGTTCTTCAGTGGACCAAGCATGATGAT
TCTTCAGATAACTTCTGTGAAGCTGATGACATTCAGTCCCCTGAAGCTGAATATGTAGAT
TTGCTTCTTAATCCTGAGCGCTACACTGGTTACAAGGGACCAGATGCTTGGAAAATATGG
AATGTCATCTACGAAGAAAACTGTTTTAAGCCACAGACAATTAAAAGACCTTTAAATCCT
TTGGCTTCTGGTCAAGGGACAAGTGAAGAGAACACTTTTTACAGTTGGCTAGAAGGTCTC
TGTGTAGAAAAAAGAGCATTCTACAGACTTATATCTGGCCTACATGCAAGCATTAATGTG
CATTTGAGTGCAAGATATCTTTTACAAGAGACCTGGTTAGAAAAGAAATGGGGACACAAC
ATTACAGAATTTCAACAGCGATTTGATGGAATTTTGACTGAAGGAGAAGGTCCAAGAAGG
CTTAAGAACTTGTATTTTCTCTACTTAATAGAACTAAGGGCTTTATCCAAAGTGTTACCA
TTCTTCGAGCGCCCAGATTTTCAACTCTTTACTGGAAATAAAATTCAGGATGAGGAAAAC
AAAATGTTACTTCTGGAAATACTTCATGAAATCAAGTCATTTCCTTTGCATTTTGATGAG
AATTCATTTTTTGCTGGGGATAAAAAAGAAGCACACAAACTAAAGGAGGACTTTCGACTG
CATTTTAGAAATATTTCAAGAATTATGGATTGTGTTGGTTGTTTTAAATGTCGTCTGTGG
GGAAAGCTTCAGACTCAGGGTTTGGGCACTGCTCTGAAGATCTTATTTTCTGAGAAATTG
ATAGCAAATATGCCAGAAAGTGGACCTAGTTATGAATTCCATCTAACCAGACAAGAAATA
GTATCATTATTCAACGCATTTGGAAGAATTTCTACAAGTGTGAAAGAATTAGAAAACTTC
AGGAACTTGTTACAGAATATTCATTAA
Enzyme 140 GenBank Gene ID AF081886 Link Image
Enzyme 140 GeneCard ID ERO1L Link Image
Enzyme 140 GenAtlas ID ERO1L Link Image
Enzyme 140 HGNC ID HGNC:13280 Link Image
Enzyme 140 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 140 Locus 14q22.1
Enzyme 140 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 140 General References
  1. Cabibbo A, Pagani M, Fabbri M, Rocchi M, Farmery MR, Bulleid NJ, Sitia R: ERO1-L, a human protein that favors disulfide bond formation in the endoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 18;275(7):4827-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Heilig R, Eckenberg R, Petit JL, Fonknechten N, Da Silva C, Cattolico L, Levy M, Barbe V, de Berardinis V, Ureta-Vidal A, Pelletier E, Vico V, Anthouard V, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Sun H, Du H, Pepin K, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Cruaud C, Bruls T, Jaillon O, Friedlander L, Samson G, Brottier P, Cure S, Segurens B, Aniere F, Samain S, Crespeau H, Abbasi N, Aiach N, Boscus D, Dickhoff R, Dors M, Dubois I, Friedman C, Gouyvenoux M, James R, Madan A, Mairey-Estrada B, Mangenot S, Martins N, Menard M, Oztas S, Ratcliffe A, Shaffer T, Trask B, Vacherie B, Bellemere C, Belser C, Besnard-Gonnet M, Bartol-Mavel D, Boutard M, Briez-Silla S, Combette S, Dufosse-Laurent V, Ferron C, Lechaplais C, Louesse C, Muselet D, Magdelenat G, Pateau E, Petit E, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Trybou A, Vega-Czarny N, Bataille E, Bluet E, Bordelais I, Dubois M, Dumont C, Guerin T, Haffray S, Hammadi R, Muanga J, Pellouin V, Robert D, Wunderle E, Gauguet G, Roy A, Sainte-Marthe L, Verdier J, Verdier-Discala C, Hillier L, Fulton L, McPherson J, Matsuda F, Wilson R, Scarpelli C, Gyapay G, Wincker P, Saurin W, Quetier F, Waterston R, Hood L, Weissenbach J: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. 2003 Feb 6;421(6923):601-7. Epub 2003 Jan 1. [PubMed Link Image]
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