1. prostaglandin d2
2. PGD2
3. 9S,15S-dihydroxy-11-oxo-5Z,13E-prostadienoic acid
4. 9S,15S-dihydroxy-11-oxo-5Z,13E-prostadienoate
5. 11-Dehydroprostaglandin F2alpha
6. 11-Dehydroprostaglandin F2-alpha
7. (5Z,9alpha,13E,15S)-9,15-dihydroxy-11-oxo-prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
8. (5Z,9alpha,13E,15S)-9,15-dihydroxy-11-oxo-prosta-5,13-dien-1-oate
9. (5Z,9-alpha,13E,15S)-9,15-dihydroxy-11-oxo-Prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
10. (5Z,9-alpha,13E,15S)-9,15-dihydroxy-11-oxo-Prosta-5,13-dien-1-oate
11. (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate
12. (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9a,15-Dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid
13. (5z,13e)-(15s)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate
14. (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate
15. (5Z,13E,15S)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate
16. (5Z,13E,15S)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid
17. (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,15-Dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid
18. (5Z,13E,15S)-9a,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
19. (5Z,13E,15S)-9a,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oate
20. (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9a,15-Dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate
21. (5z,13e)-(15s)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid
22. (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid

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• Membrane (Predicted from LogP)
• Cytoplasm
• endoplasmic reticulum
• Extracellular

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid

• 105800 (Subarachnoid hemorrhage)

1. O'Sullivan S, Dahlen B, Dahlen SE, Kumlin M: Increased urinary excretion of the prostaglandin D2 metabolite 9 alpha, 11 beta-prostaglandin F2 after aspirin challenge supports mast cell activation in aspirin-induced airway obstruction. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Aug;98(2):421-32. [PubMed ]
2. Parsons WG 3rd, Roberts LJ 2nd: Transformation of prostaglandin D2 to isomeric prostaglandin F2 compounds by human eosinophils: a potential mast cell-eosinophil interaction. Adv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot Res. 1989;19:499-502. [PubMed ]
3. Parsons WG 3rd, Roberts LJ 2nd: Transformation of prostaglandin D2 to isomeric prostaglandin F2 compounds by human eosinophils. A potential mast cell-eosinophil interaction. J Immunol. 1988 Oct 1;141(7):2413-9. [PubMed ]
4. Cooper B: Diminished platelet adenylate cyclase activation by prostaglandin D2 in acute thrombosis. Blood. 1979 Sep;54(3):684-93. [PubMed ]
5. Bushfield M, McNicol A, MacIntyre DE: Inhibition of platelet-activating-factor-induced human platelet activation by prostaglandin D2. Differential sensitivity of platelet transduction processes and functional responses to inhibition by cyclic AMP. Biochem J. 1985 Nov 15;232(1):267-71. [PubMed ]
6. Awad JA, Morrow JD, Roberts LJ 2nd: Detection of the major urinary metabolite of prostaglandin D2 in the circulation: demonstration of elevated levels in patients with disorders of systemic mast cell activation. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1994 May;93(5):817-24. [PubMed ]
7. Wolfe LS, Rostworowski K, Pellerin L, Sherwin A: Metabolism of prostaglandin D2 by human cerebral cortex into 9 alpha, 11 beta-prostaglandin F2 by an active NADPH-dependent 11-ketoreductase. J Neurochem. 1989 Jul;53(1):64-70. [PubMed ]
8. Cutler LS, Christian CP, Feinstein MB: Cytochemical localization of adenylate cyclase in the dense tubule system of human blood platelets stimulated by forskolin, prostacyclin and prostaglandin D2. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Jun 30;845(3):403-10. [PubMed ]
9. Murray JJ, Tonnel AB, Brash AR, Roberts LJ 2nd, Gosset P, Workman R, Capron A, Oates JA: Release of prostaglandin D2 into human airways during acute antigen challenge. N Engl J Med. 1986 Sep 25;315(13):800-4. [PubMed ]
10. Liston TE, Roberts LJ 2nd: Transformation of prostaglandin D2 to 9 alpha, 11 beta-(15S)-trihydroxyprosta-(5Z,13E)-dien-1-oic acid (9 alpha, 11 beta-prostaglandin F2): a unique biologically active prostaglandin produced enzymatically in vivo in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(18):6030-4. [PubMed ]
11. Haberl C, Hultner L, Flugel A, Falk M, Geuenich S, Wilmanns W, Denzlinger C: Release of prostaglandin D2 by murine mast cells: importance of metabolite formation for antiproliferative activity. Mediators Inflamm. 1998;7(2):79-84. [PubMed ]
12. Bate C, Kempster S, Williams A: Prostaglandin D2 mediates neuronal damage by amyloid-beta or prions which activates microglial cells. Neuropharmacology. 2006 Feb;50(2):229-37. Epub 2005 Nov 11. [PubMed ]
13. Nishizawa EE, Miller WL, Gorman RR, Bundy GL, Svensson J, Hamberg M: Prostaglandin d2 as a potential antithrombotic agent. Prostaglandins. 1975 Jan;9(1):109-21. [PubMed ]
14. Fuller RW, Dixon CM, Dollery CT, Barnes PJ: Prostaglandin D2 potentiates airway responsiveness to histamine and methacholine. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986 Feb;133(2):252-4. [PubMed ]
15. Lewis RA, Soter NA, Diamond PT, Austen KF, Oates JA, Roberts LJ 2nd: Prostaglandin D2 generation after activation of rat and human mast cells with anti-IgE. J Immunol. 1982 Oct;129(4):1627-31. [PubMed ]
16. Gresele P, Deckmyn H, Huybrechts E, Vermylen J: Serum albumin enhances the impairment of platelet aggregation with thromboxane synthase inhibition by increasing the formation of prostaglandin D2. Biochem Pharmacol. 1984 Jul 1;33(13):2083-8. [PubMed ]
17. VanderEnde DS, Morrow JD: Release of markedly increased quantities of prostaglandin D2 from the skin in vivo in humans after the application of cinnamic aldehyde. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 Jul;45(1):62-7. [PubMed ]
18. Downard CD, Roberts LJ 2nd, Morrow JD: Topical benzoic acid induces the increased biosynthesis of prostaglandin D2 in human skin in vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1995 Apr;57(4):441-5. [PubMed ]
19. Morrow JD, Minton TA, Awad JA, Roberts LJ: Release of markedly increased quantities of prostaglandin D2 from the skin in vivo in humans following the application of sorbic acid. Arch Dermatol. 1994 Nov;130(11):1408-12. [PubMed ]
20. Morrow JD, Awad JA, Oates JA, Roberts LJ 2nd: Identification of skin as a major site of prostaglandin D2 release following oral administration of niacin in humans. J Invest Dermatol. 1992 May;98(5):812-5. [PubMed ]
21. Wikipedia

1. Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase
2. Prostaglandin D2 receptor

1. H-PGDS
2. GST class-sigma
3. Glutathione S-transferase
4. Glutathione-dependent PGD synthase
5. Glutathione-requiring prostaglandin D synthase
6. Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase

MPNYKLTYFNMRGRAEIIRYIFAYLDIQYEDHRIEQADWPEIKSTLPFGKIPILEVDGLT
LHQSLAIARYLTKNTDLAGNTEMEQCHVDAIVDTLDDFMSCFPWAEKKQDVKEQMFNELL
TYNAPHLMQDLDTYLGGREWLIGNSVTWADFYWEICSTTLLVFKPDLLDNHPRLVTLRKK
VQAIPAVANWIKRRPQTKL

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )

• (5Z,13E,15S)-9alpha,11alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = (5Z,13E,15S)-9alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate [RN:R02266]

• GST_C (PF00043 )
• GST_N (PF02798 )

• None

• None

ATGCCAAACTACAAACTCACTTATTTTAATATGAGGGGGAGAGCAGAAATTATTCGTTAC
ATATTTGCTTATTTGGACATACAGTATGAAGACCACAGAATAGAACAAGCTGACTGGCCT
GAAATCAAATCAACTCTCCCATTTGGAAAAATCCCCATTTTGGAAGTTGATGGACTTACT
CTTCACCAGAGCCTAGCAATAGCAAGATATTTGACCAAAAACACAGATTTGGCTGGAAAC
ACAGAAATGGAACAATGTCATGTTGATGCTATTGTGGACACTCTGGATGATTTCATGTCA
TGTTTTCCTTGGGCAGAGAAAAAGCAAGATGTGAAAGAGCAGATGTTCAATGAGCTGCTC
ACGTATAATGCGCCTCATCTTATGCAAGACTTGGACACATATTTAGGGGGGAGAGAATGG
CTTATTGGTAACTCTGTAACTTGGGCAGACTTCTACTGGGAGATTTGCAGTACCACACTT
TTGGTCTTTAAGCCTGACCTGTTAGACAACCATCCAAGGCTGGTGACTTTACGGAAGAAA
GTCCAAGCCATTCCTGCCGTCGCTAACTGGATAAAACGAAGGCCCCAAACCAAACTCTAG

1. Kanaoka Y, Fujimori K, Kikuno R, Sakaguchi Y, Urade Y, Hayaishi O: Structure and chromosomal localization of human and mouse genes for hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase. Conservation of the ancestral genomic structure of sigma-class glutathione S-transferase. Eur J Biochem. 2000 Jun;267(11):3315-22. [PubMed ]
2. Jowsey IR, Thomson AM, Flanagan JU, Murdock PR, Moore GB, Meyer DJ, Murphy GJ, Smith SA, Hayes JD: Mammalian class Sigma glutathione S-transferases: catalytic properties and tissue-specific expression of human and rat GSH-dependent prostaglandin D2 synthases. Biochem J. 2001 Nov 1;359(Pt 3):507-16. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Suzuki T, Watanabe K, Kanaoka Y, Sato T, Hayaishi O: Induction of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase in human megakaryocytic cells by phorbol ester. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Dec 18;241(2):288-93. [PubMed ]
6. Mahmud I, Ueda N, Yamaguchi H, Yamashita R, Yamamoto S, Kanaoka Y, Urade Y, Hayaishi O: Prostaglandin D synthase in human megakaryoblastic cells. J Biol Chem. 1997 Nov 7;272(45):28263-6. [PubMed ]

1. PGD receptor
2. PGD2 receptor
3. Prostanoid DP receptor

MKSPFYRCQNTTSVEKGNSAVMGGVLFSTGLLGNLLALGLLARSGLGWCSRRPLRPLPSV
FYMLVCGLTVTDLLGKCLLSPVVLAAYAQNRSLRVLAPALDNSLCQAFAFFMSFFGLSST
LQLLAMALECWLSLGHPFFYRRHITLRLGALVAPVVSAFSLAFCALPFMGFGKFVQYCPG
TWCFIQMVHEEGSLSVLGYSVLYSSLMALLVLATVLCNLGAMRNLYAMHRRLQRHPRSCT
RDCAEPRADGREASPQPLEELDHLLLLALMTVLFTMCSLPVIYRAYYGAFKDVKEKNRTS
EEAEDLRALRFLSVISIVDPWIFIIFRSPVFRIFFHKIFIRPLRYRSRCSNSTNMESSL

• 7tm_1 (PF00001 )

• None

• 22-42 60-80 108-128 151-171 196-216 263-283 311-331

ATGAAGTCGCCGTTCTACCGCTGCCAGAACACCACCTCTGTGGAAAAAGGCAACTCGGCG
GTGATGGGCGGGGTGCTCTTCAGCACCGGCCTCCTGGGCAACCTGCTGGCCCTGGGGCTG
CTGGCGCGCTCGGGGCTGGGGTGGTGCTCGCGGCGTCCACTGCGCCCGCTGCCCTCGGTC
TTCTACATGCTGGTGTGTGGCCTGACGGTCACCGACTTGCTGGGCAAGTGCCTCCTAAGC
CCGGTGGTGCTGGCTGCCTACGCTCAGAACCGGAGTCTGCGGGTGCTTGCGCCCGCATTG
GACAACTCGTTGTGCCAAGCCTTCGCCTTCTTCATGTCCTTCTTTGGGCTCTCCTCGACA
CTGCAACTCCTGGCCATGGCACTGGAGTGCTGGCTCTCCCTAGGGCACCCTTTCTTCTAC
CGACGGCACATCACCCTGCGCCTGGGCGCACTGGTGGCCCCGGTGGTGAGCGCCTTCTCC
CTGGCTTTCTGCGCGCTACCTTTCATGGGCTTCGGGAAGTTCGTGCAGTACTGCCCCGGC
ACCTGGTGCTTTATCCAGATGGTCCACGAGGAGGGCTCGCTGTCGGTGCTGGGGTACTCT
GTGCTCTACTCCAGCCTCATGGCGCTGCTGGTCCTCGCCACCGTGCTGTGCAACCTCGGC
GCCATGCGCAACCTCTATGCGATGCACCGGCGGCTGCAGCGGCACCCGCGCTCCTGCACC
AGGGACTGTGCCGAGCCGCGCGCGGACGGGAGGGAAGCGTCCCCTCAGCCCCTGGAGGAG
CTGGATCACCTCCTGCTGCTGGCGCTGATGACCGTGCTCTTCACTATGTGTTCTCTGCCC
GTAATTTATCGCGCTTACTATGGAGCATTTAAGGATGTCAAGGAGAAAAACAGGACCTCT
GAAGAAGCAGAAGACCTCCGAGCCTTGCGATTTCTATCTGTGATTTCAATTGTGGACCCT
TGGATTTTTATCATTTTCAGATCTCCAGTATTTCGGATATTTTTTCACAAGATTTTCATT
AGACCTCTTAGGTACAGGAGCCGGTGCAGCAATTCCACTAACATGGAATCCAGTCTGTGA

1. Boie Y, Sawyer N, Slipetz DM, Metters KM, Abramovitz M: Molecular cloning and characterization of the human prostanoid DP receptor. J Biol Chem. 1995 Aug 11;270(32):18910-6. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Town MH, Casals-Stenzel J, Schillinger E: Pharmacological and cardiovascular properties of a hydantoin derivative, BW 245 C, with high affinity and selectivity for PGD2 receptors. Prostaglandins. 1983 Jan;25(1):13-28. [PubMed ]
4. Sharif NA, Williams GW, Davis TL: Pharmacology and autoradiography of human DP prostanoid receptors using [(3)H]-BWA868C, a DP receptor-selective antagonist radioligand. Br J Pharmacol. 2000 Nov;131(6):1025-38. [PubMed ]
5. Oguma T, Palmer LJ, Birben E, Sonna LA, Asano K, Lilly CM: Role of prostanoid DP receptor variants in susceptibility to asthma. N Engl J Med. 2004 Oct 21;351(17):1752-63. [PubMed ]