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Human Metabolome Database Version 3.5

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Showing metabocard for Carbon dioxide (HMDB01967)

Record Information
Version 3.5
Creation Date 2006-05-22 08:17:29 -0600
Update Date 2013-02-08 11:21:39 -0700
HMDB ID HMDB01967
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Metabolite Identification
Common Name Carbon dioxide
Description Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. Carbon dioxide is produced during respiration by all animals, fungi and microorganisms that depend on living and decaying plants for food, either directly or indirectly. It is, therefore, a major component of the carbon cycle. Additionally, carbon dioxide is used by plants during photosynthesis to make sugars which may either be consumed again in respiration or used as the raw material to produce polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose, proteins and the wide variety of other organic compounds required for plant growth and development. When inhaled at concentrations much higher than usual atmospheric levels, it can produce a sour taste in the mouth and a stinging sensation in the nose and throat. These effects result from the gas dissolving in the mucous membranes and saliva, forming a weak solution of carbonic acid. Carbon dioxide is used by the food industry, the oil industry, and the chemical industry. Carbon dioxide is used to produce carbonated soft drinks and soda water. Traditionally, the carbonation in beer and sparkling wine comes about through natural fermentation, but some manufacturers carbonate these drinks artificially.
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
  1. Carbon oxide
  2. Carbon-12 dioxide
  3. Carbonic acid anhydride
  4. Carbonic acid gas
  5. Carbonic anhydride
Chemical Formula CO2
Average Molecular Weight 44.0095
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 43.989829244
IUPAC Name methanedione
Traditional IUPAC Name carbon dioxide
CAS Registry Number 124-38-9
SMILES O=C=O
InChI Identifier InChI=1S/CO2/c2-1-3
InChI Key CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic Compounds
Super Class Aliphatic Acyclic Compounds
Class N/A
Sub Class N/A
Other Descriptors
  • a small molecule(Cyc)
  • carbon oxide(ChEBI)
Substituents
  • N/A
Direct Parent Aliphatic Acyclic Compounds
Ontology
Status Detected and Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
Biofunction
  • Osmolyte, enzyme cofactor, signalling
Application Not Available
Cellular locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Peroxisome
Physical Properties
State Liquid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Reference
Melting Point -56.5 °C Not Available
Boiling Point Not Available Not Available
Water Solubility 1.48 mg/mL at 25 °C Not Available
LogP 0.83 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
LogP -0.63 ALOGPS
LogP -0.28 ChemAxon
LogS 0.63 ALOGPS
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 2 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area 34.14 A2 ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count 0 ChemAxon
Refractivity 6.38 ChemAxon
Polarizability 2.57 ChemAxon
Formal Charge 0 ChemAxon
Physiological Charge 0 ChemAxon
Spectra
Not Available
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Peroxisome
Biofluid Locations
  • Blood
Tissue Location Not Available
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Glycine and Serine Metabolism SMP00004 map00260 Link_out
Ketone Body Metabolism SMP00071 map00072 Link_out
Histidine Metabolism SMP00044 map00340 Link_out
Methionine Metabolism SMP00033 map00270 Link_out
Ammonia Recycling SMP00009 map00910 Link_out
Citric Acid Cycle SMP00057 map00020 Link_out
Pentose Phosphate Pathway SMP00031 map00030 Link_out
Threonine and 2-Oxobutanoate Degradation SMP00452 Not Available
Vitamin K Metabolism SMP00464 Not Available
Carnitine Synthesis SMP00465 Not Available
Transfer of Acetyl Groups into Mitochondria SMP00466 Not Available
Catecholamine Biosynthesis SMP00012 map00350 Link_out
Spermidine and Spermine Biosynthesis SMP00445 Not Available
Folate Metabolism SMP00053 map00670 Link_out
Normal Concentrations
Biofluid Status Value Age Sex Condition Comments
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
25600.0 +/- 1430.0 uM Adult (>18 years old) Female Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
17000.00 (11100.0-21200.0) uM Newborn (0-30 days old) Both Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
20900.0 +/- 1100.0 uM Children (1-13 year old) Not Specified Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
21600.0 +/- 600.0 uM Adult (>18 years old) Male Normal Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References None
Associated OMIM IDs None
DrugBank ID Not Available
Phenol Explorer Compound ID Not Available
Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID Not Available
FoodDB ID FDB014084
KNApSAcK ID Not Available
Chemspider ID 274 Link_out
KEGG Compound ID C00011 Link_out
BioCyc ID Not Available
BiGG ID 33506 Link_out
Wikipedia Link Carbon Dioxide Link_out
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01967 Link_out
Metagene Link HMDB01967 Link_out
METLIN ID 3199 Link_out
PubChem Compound 280 Link_out
PDB ID CO2 Link_out
ChEBI ID 16526 Link_out
References
Synthesis Reference Callahan, Richard A. Process and apparatus for producing liquid carbon dioxide. U.S. (1993), 11 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Download (PDF)
General References Not Available
Enzymes
Name: Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • pyruvate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] lipoyllysine = [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine + CO2 [RN:R01699]
Gene Name: PDHB
Uniprot ID: P11177 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • malonyl-CoA = acetyl-CoA + CO2 [RN:R00233]
Gene Name: MLYCD
Uniprot ID: O95822 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • succinyl-CoA + glycine = 5-aminolevulinate + CoA + CO2 [RN:R00830]
Gene Name: ALAS1
Uniprot ID: P13196 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Fatty acid synthase
Reactions:
  • a (3R)-3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = a hexadec-2-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O [RN:R04462]
Gene Name: FASN
Uniprot ID: P49327 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • pyruvate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] lipoyllysine = [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine + CO2 [RN:R01699]
Gene Name: PDHA1
Uniprot ID: P08559 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • pyruvate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] lipoyllysine = [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine + CO2 [RN:R01699]
Gene Name: PDHA2
Uniprot ID: P29803 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [acylating], mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + CoA + H2O + NAD+ = propanoyl-CoA + HCO3- + NADH [RN:R00922]
Gene Name: ALDH6A1
Uniprot ID: Q02252 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • protein N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + NAD+ = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + NADH + H+ [RN:R08550]
Gene Name: DLD
Uniprot ID: P09622 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • acetyl-CoA + enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine = CoA + enzyme N6-(S-acetyldihydrolipoyl)lysine [RN:R02569]
Gene Name: DLAT
Uniprot ID: P10515 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Tyrosinase
Reactions:
  • L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2 = L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O [RN:R02078]
Gene Name: TYR
Uniprot ID: P14679 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • glutaryl-CoA + acceptor = crotonoyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced acceptor [RN:R02488]
Gene Name: GCDH
Uniprot ID: Q92947 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase
Reactions:
  • a steryl ester + H2O = a sterol + a fatty acid [RN:R02115]
Gene Name: LIPA
Uniprot ID: P38571 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • uroporphyrinogen III = coproporphyrinogen III + 4 CO2 [RN:R03197]
Gene Name: UROD
Uniprot ID: P06132 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • coproporphyrinogen III + O2 + 2 H+ = protoporphyrinogen-IX + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O [RN:R03220]
Gene Name: CPOX
Uniprot ID: P36551 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • 2-amino-3-(3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)but-2-enedioate = 2-aminomuconate semialdehyde + CO2 [RN:R04323]
Gene Name: ACMSD
Uniprot ID: Q8TDX5 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: C-4 methylsterol oxidase
Reactions:
  • (1) (1a) 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + H2O [RN:R04501 R05736]
  • (2) (1b) 4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O [RN:R05733 R05737]
  • (3) (1c) 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ + H2O [RN:R05734 R05738]
Gene Name: SC4MOL
Uniprot ID: Q15800 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase, decarboxylating
Reactions:
  • 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ = 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one + CO2 + NAD(P)H [RN:R04483 R07149]
Gene Name: NSDHL
Uniprot ID: Q15738 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Phytanoyl-CoA dioxygenase, peroxisomal
Reactions:
  • phytanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2 [RN:R05722]
Gene Name: PHYH
Uniprot ID: O14832 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • (1) 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine = dopamine + CO2 [RN:R02080]
  • (2) 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan = 5-hydroxytryptamine + CO2 [RN:R02701]
Gene Name: DDC
Uniprot ID: P20711 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit beta, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] lipoyllysine = [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine + CO2 [RN:R01701]
Gene Name: BCKDHB
Uniprot ID: P21953 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] lipoyllysine = [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine + CO2 [RN:R01701]
Gene Name: BCKDHA
Uniprot ID: P12694 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-2
Reactions:
  • procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2 [RN:R03219]
Gene Name: P4HA2
Uniprot ID: O15460 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1
Reactions:
  • procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2 [RN:R03219]
Gene Name: P4HA1
Uniprot ID: P13674 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating]
Reactions:
  • nicotinate D-ribonucleotide + diphosphate + CO2 = pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate [RN:R03348]
Gene Name: QPRT
Uniprot ID: Q15274 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase [ammonia], mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • 2 ATP + NH3 + CO2 + H2O = 2 ADP + phosphate + carbamoyl phosphate [RN:R00149]
Gene Name: CPS1
Uniprot ID: P31327 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase
Reactions:
  • 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + succinate + CO2 [RN:R02397]
Gene Name: BBOX1
Uniprot ID: O75936 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme
Reactions:
  • S-adenosyl-L-methionine = (5-deoxy-5-adenosyl)(3-aminopropyl)methylsulfonium salt + CO2 [RN:R00178]
Gene Name: AMD1
Uniprot ID: P17707 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • 2-oxoglutarate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] lipoyllysine = [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine + CO2 [RN:R01700]
Gene Name: OGDH
Uniprot ID: Q02218 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1
Reactions:
  • L-lysine-[procollagen] + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = (2S,5R)- 5-hydroxy-L-lysine-[procollagen] + succinate + CO2
Gene Name: PLOD1
Uniprot ID: Q02809 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2
Reactions:
  • L-lysine-[procollagen] + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = (2S,5R)- 5-hydroxy-L-lysine-[procollagen] + succinate + CO2
Gene Name: PLOD2
Uniprot ID: O00469 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 3
Reactions:
  • L-lysine-[procollagen] + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = (2S,5R)- 5-hydroxy-L-lysine-[procollagen] + succinate + CO2
Gene Name: PLOD3
Uniprot ID: O60568 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Liver carboxylesterase 1
Reactions:
  • a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]
Gene Name: CES1
Uniprot ID: P23141 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carboxylesterase 2
Reactions:
  • a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]
Gene Name: CES2
Uniprot ID: O00748 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Beta-ureidopropionase
Reactions:
  • N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine + H2O = beta-alanine + CO2 + NH3 [RN:R00905]
Gene Name: UPB1
Uniprot ID: Q9UBR1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • [protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine + tetrahydrofolate = [protein]-dihydrolipoyllysine + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NH3 [RN:R04125]
Gene Name: AMT
Uniprot ID: P48728 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Glutamate decarboxylase 2
Reactions:
  • L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 [RN:R00261]
Gene Name: GAD2
Uniprot ID: Q05329 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Glutamate decarboxylase 1
Reactions:
  • L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 [RN:R00261]
Gene Name: GAD1
Uniprot ID: Q99259 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1
Reactions:
  • (5-L-glutamyl)-peptide + an amino acid = peptide + 5-L-glutamyl amino acid [RN:R04159]
Gene Name: GGT1
Uniprot ID: P19440 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2
Reactions:
  • ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate [RN:R00200]
Gene Name: PKM2
Uniprot ID: P14618 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Pyruvate kinase isozymes R/L
Reactions:
  • ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate [RN:R00200]
Gene Name: PKLR
Uniprot ID: P30613 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Glycine dehydrogenase [decarboxylating], mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • glycine + H-protein-lipoyllysine = H-protein-S-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine + CO2 [RN:R03425]
Gene Name: GLDC
Uniprot ID: P23378 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
Reactions:
  • 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + O2 = homogentisate + CO2 [RN:R02521]
Gene Name: HPD
Uniprot ID: P32754 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: 3-keto-steroid reductase
Reactions:
  • 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NADP+ = 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one + NADPH + H+ [RN:R05691]
Gene Name: HSD17B7
Uniprot ID: P56937 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: NADP-dependent malic enzyme
Reactions:
  • (S)-malate + NADP+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH [RN:R00216]
Gene Name: ME1
Uniprot ID: P48163 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: NADP-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • (S)-malate + NADP+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH [RN:R00216]
Gene Name: ME3
Uniprot ID: Q16798 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: NAD-dependent malic enzyme, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • (S)-malate + NAD+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH [RN:R00214]
Gene Name: ME2
Uniprot ID: P23368 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Histidine decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • L-histidine = histamine + CO2 [RN:R01167]
Gene Name: HDC
Uniprot ID: P19113 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Serine palmitoyltransferase 1
Reactions:
  • palmitoyl-CoA + L-serine = CoA + 3-dehydro-D-sphinganine + CO2 [RN:R01281]
Gene Name: SPTLC1
Uniprot ID: O15269 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Serine palmitoyltransferase 2
Reactions:
  • palmitoyl-CoA + L-serine = CoA + 3-dehydro-D-sphinganine + CO2 [RN:R01281]
Gene Name: SPTLC2
Uniprot ID: O15270 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]
Reactions:
  • GTP + oxaloacetate = GDP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2 [RN:R00431]
Gene Name: PCK1
Uniprot ID: P35558 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Multifunctional protein ADE2
Reactions:
  • ATP + 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + L-aspartate = ADP + phosphate + (S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4- carboxamido]succinate [RN:R04591]
Gene Name: PAICS
Uniprot ID: P22234 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • (1) isocitrate + NADP+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADPH + H+ (overall reaction) [RN:R00267]
  • (2) (1a) isocitrate + NADP+ = oxalosuccinate + NADPH + H+ [RN:R01899]
  • (3) (1b) oxalosuccinate = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 [RN:R00268]
Gene Name: IDH2
Uniprot ID: P48735 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH [RN:R00709]
Gene Name: IDH3B
Uniprot ID: O43837 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic
Reactions:
  • (1) isocitrate + NADP+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADPH + H+ (overall reaction) [RN:R00267]
  • (2) (1a) isocitrate + NADP+ = oxalosuccinate + NADPH + H+ [RN:R01899]
  • (3) (1b) oxalosuccinate = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 [RN:R00268]
Gene Name: IDH1
Uniprot ID: O75874 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH [RN:R00709]
Gene Name: IDH3A
Uniprot ID: P50213 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH [RN:R00709]
Gene Name: IDH3G
Uniprot ID: P51553 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • 3-sulfino-L-alanine = hypotaurine + CO2 [RN:R02466]
Gene Name: CSAD
Uniprot ID: Q9Y600 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase
Reactions:
  • 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + NADP+ + H2O = tetrahydrofolate + CO2 + NADPH + H+ [RN:R00941]
Gene Name: ALDH1L1
Uniprot ID: O75891 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • ATP + (R)-5-diphosphomevalonate = ADP + phosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate + CO2 [RN:R01121]
Gene Name: MVD
Uniprot ID: P53602 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase
Reactions:
  • peptide-L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = peptide-3-hydroxy-L-aspartate + succinate + CO2 [RN:R04073]
Gene Name: ASPH
Uniprot ID: Q12797 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor
Reactions:
  • peptide-L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = peptide-3-hydroxy-L-aspartate + succinate + CO2 [RN:R04073]
Gene Name: HIF1AN
Uniprot ID: Q9NWT6 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Ornithine decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • L-ornithine = putrescine + CO2 [RN:R00670]
Gene Name: ODC1
Uniprot ID: P11926 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 1
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA1
Uniprot ID: P00915 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 2
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA2
Uniprot ID: P00918 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Arginine decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • L-arginine = agmatine + CO2 [RN:R00566]
Gene Name: ADC
Uniprot ID: Q96A70 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme
Reactions:
  • phosphatidyl-L-serine = phosphatidylethanolamine + CO2 [RN:R02055]
Gene Name: PISD
Uniprot ID: Q9UG56 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA5A
Uniprot ID: P35218 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 3
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA3
Uniprot ID: P07451 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA5B
Uniprot ID: Q9Y2D0 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 12
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA12
Uniprot ID: O43570 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase
Reactions:
  • N-[(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine = pantotheine 4'-phosphate + CO2 [RN:R03269]
Gene Name: PPCDC
Uniprot ID: Q96CD2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 4
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA4
Uniprot ID: P22748 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase 1
Reactions:
  • UDP-D-glucuronate = UDP-D-xylose + CO2 [RN:R01384]
Gene Name: UXS1
Uniprot ID: Q8NBZ7 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 9
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA9
Uniprot ID: Q16790 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 13
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA13
Uniprot ID: Q8N1Q1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Trimethyllysine dioxygenase, mitochondrial
Reactions:
  • N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 3-hydroxy-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine + succinate + CO2 [RN:R03451]
Gene Name: TMLHE
Uniprot ID: Q9NVH6 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Carbonic anhydrase 7
Reactions:
  • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
Gene Name: CA7
Uniprot ID: P43166 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Gamma-glutamyltransferase 6
Reactions:
  • (5-L-glutamyl)-peptide + an amino acid = peptide + 5-L-glutamyl amino acid [RN:R04159]
Gene Name: GGT6
Uniprot ID: Q6P531 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
Name: Putative uncharacterized protein PGD
Reactions:
    Gene Name: PGD
    Uniprot ID: A9Z1X1 Link_out
    Protein Sequence: FASTA
    Gene Sequence: FASTA
    Name: 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase-like, mitochondrial
    Reactions:
      Gene Name: OGDHL
      Uniprot ID: Q9ULD0 Link_out
      Protein Sequence: FASTA
      Gene Sequence: FASTA
      Name: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-3
      Reactions:
      • procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2 [RN:R03219]
      Gene Name: P4HA3
      Uniprot ID: Q7Z4N8 Link_out
      Protein Sequence: FASTA
      Gene Sequence: FASTA
      Name: 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, mitochondrial
      Reactions:
      • an acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = a 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + CO2 + an [acyl-carrier protein] [RN:R02768]
      Gene Name: OXSM
      Uniprot ID: Q9NWU1 Link_out
      Protein Sequence: FASTA
      Gene Sequence: FASTA
      Name: GGT7 protein
      Reactions:
        Gene Name: GGT7
        Uniprot ID: A0PJJ9 Link_out
        Protein Sequence: FASTA
        Gene Sequence: FASTA
        Name: Gamma-glutamyltransferase 5
        Reactions:
          Gene Name: GGT5
          Uniprot ID: P36269 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Carbonic anhydrase 6
          Reactions:
          • H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O [RN:R00132]
          Gene Name: CA6
          Uniprot ID: P23280 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Carboxylesterase 7
          Reactions:
          • a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]
          Gene Name: CES7
          Uniprot ID: Q6NT32 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: D-dopachrome decarboxylase
          Reactions:
          • D-dopachrome = 5,6-dihydroxyindole + CO2 [RN:R07313]
          Gene Name: DDT
          Uniprot ID: P30046 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Carbonic anhydrase-related protein
          Reactions:
            Gene Name: CA8
            Uniprot ID: P35219 Link_out
            Protein Sequence: FASTA
            Gene Sequence: FASTA