Hmdb loader
Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:50 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015043
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15043
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCocaine
DescriptionCocaine, also known as coke, is an alkaloid ester obtained from the leaves of the coca plant (PMID: 20857618 ). It is a weakly alkaline compound and can therefore combine with acidic compounds to form white salts or powders (which is how it is typically sold and consumed). Cocaine is a strong stimulant that is most frequently used as a recreational drug. It is the second most frequently used illegal drug globally, after cannabis. The stimulant and hunger suppression properties of cocaine and coca leaf extracts have been known for thousands of years by indigenous groups in central and South America. The coca leaf was, and still is, chewed almost universally by some indigenous communities. Cocaine acts by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. This inhibition leads to a number of mental and physical effects that may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, periods of agitation, along with a rapid heart rate, sweating, and dialated pupils. Cocaine is highly addictive due to its effect on the reward pathway in the brain (PMID: 22856655 ). Cocaine addiction occurs through overexpression of the FosB protein in the nucleus accumbens of the brain, which results in altered transcriptional regulation in neurons within the nucleus accumbens. Cocaine is harmful. Its use increases the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, lung problems (in those who smoke it), blood infections, and sudden cardiac death. Medically, cocaine is infrequently used as a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor to cause loss of feeling or numbness before certain medical procedures (e.g., biopsy, stitches, wound cleaning) (PMID: 28956316 ). Topical cocaine is occasionally used as a local numbing agent to help with painful procedures in the mouth or nose. Cocaine is now predominantly used for nasal and lacrimal duct surgery. It works quickly to numb certain areas of the body (e.g., nose, ear, or throat) about 1-2 minutes after application. Cocaine functions as an anesthesia by reversibly binding to and inactivating sodium channels, thereby inhibiting excitation of nerve endings or by blocking conduction in peripheral nerves. Cocaine and its major metabolites are only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug.
Structure
Data?1582753251
Synonyms
ValueSource
(-)-CocaineChEBI
2-Methyl-3beta-hydroxy-1alphah,5alphah-tropane-2beta-carboxylate benzoate (ester)ChEBI
[1R-(exo,exo)]-3-(Benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylic acid, methyl esterChEBI
BenzoylmethylecgonineChEBI
beta-CocainChEBI
CocainChEBI
CocainaChEBI
CocainumChEBI
KokainChEBI
L-CocainChEBI
L-CocaineChEBI
Methyl [1R-(exo,exo)]-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylateChEBI
Methyl benzoylecgonineChEBI
NeurocaineChEBI
2-Methyl-3b-hydroxy-1alphah,5alphah-tropane-2b-carboxylate benzoate (ester)Generator
2-Methyl-3b-hydroxy-1alphah,5alphah-tropane-2b-carboxylic acid benzoic acid (ester)Generator
2-Methyl-3beta-hydroxy-1alphah,5alphah-tropane-2beta-carboxylic acid benzoic acid (ester)Generator
2-Methyl-3β-hydroxy-1alphah,5alphah-tropane-2β-carboxylate benzoate (ester)Generator
2-Methyl-3β-hydroxy-1alphah,5alphah-tropane-2β-carboxylic acid benzoic acid (ester)Generator
[1R-(exo,exo)]-3-(Benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate, methyl esterGenerator
b-CocainGenerator
Β-cocainGenerator
Methyl [1R-(exo,exo)]-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylic acidGenerator
(−)-cocaineHMDB
Cocaine HCLHMDB
Hydrochloride, cocaineHMDB
Cocaine hydrochlorideHMDB
HCL, CocaineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC17H21NO4
Average Molecular Weight303.3529
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight303.147058165
IUPAC Namemethyl (1R,2R,3S,5S)-3-(benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate
Traditional Namecocaine
CAS Registry Number50-36-2
SMILES
[H][C@]12CC[C@]([H])([C@H]([C@H](C1)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)OC)N2C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C17H21NO4/c1-18-12-8-9-13(18)15(17(20)21-2)14(10-12)22-16(19)11-6-4-3-5-7-11/h3-7,12-15H,8-10H2,1-2H3/t12-,13+,14-,15+/m0/s1
InChI KeyZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acid esters. These are ester derivatives of benzoic acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassBenzoic acids and derivatives
Direct ParentBenzoic acid esters
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Benzoate ester
  • Piperidinecarboxylic acid
  • Tropane alkaloid
  • Benzoyl
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Piperidine
  • N-alkylpyrrolidine
  • Methyl ester
  • Pyrrolidine
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Tertiary amine
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Amine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point195 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility5.03 g/LNot Available
LogP2.3Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M+H]+CBM169.830932474
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility5.03 g/LALOGPS
logP1.97ALOGPS
logP2.28ChemAxon
logS-1.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.85ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area55.84 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity81.16 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability32.36 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+171.5431661259
DarkChem[M-H]-165.4631661259
DeepCCS[M-2H]-204.70130932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+179.2130932474
AllCCS[M+H]+173.632859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+170.432859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+176.532859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+177.432859911
AllCCS[M-H]-173.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-173.332859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-173.432859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Cocaine[H][C@]12CC[C@]([H])([C@H]([C@H](C1)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)OC)N2C3168.9Standard polar33892256
Cocaine[H][C@]12CC[C@]([H])([C@H]([C@H](C1)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)OC)N2C2330.9Standard non polar33892256
Cocaine[H][C@]12CC[C@]([H])([C@H]([C@H](C1)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)OC)N2C2215.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Cocaine EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-001i-9200000000-5262d40bbcdec08759ab2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Cocaine CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-0109000000-319d789d066a157a09662017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Cocaine EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-001i-9200000000-5262d40bbcdec08759ab2018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Cocaine CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0udi-0109000000-319d789d066a157a09662018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Cocaine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0a5a-9620000000-fd84236e0a4ca8f554562017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Cocaine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0009000000-a2004e33ce1140fd0ed12017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-0f89-0908000000-b5abe87da56f09f21f652017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0900000000-ee9c7f3b491476f49e982017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0900000000-2dab4b98f61ec4ba24672017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-0fz9-0900000000-b3c61e257fbaf700b52b2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0900000000-3b1dc1a8c8390bfb6c3e2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0009000000-0479d3211208134ed1402017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0ue9-0709000000-d19680d406708cbbc59b2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-1900000000-5ac8f8a2719f70332b862017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-3900000000-5ff2f6c28b5db03035be2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-053r-8900000000-e597f9f6f5014d501e622017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a5c-9500000000-0fcf099229f1487190782017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0009000000-ee11934dd1158606bb842017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0ue9-0609000000-bd90cd1f98ce1845ba6b2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-1900000000-9fc49ca16ab794b8c37d2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-3900000000-cb0b593e7f379f7c6aef2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-053r-8900000000-2a88bad614aed29eac522017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a59-9500000000-c9713abdcf52a45d6ed22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0900000000-c18cf276038cf1946f202017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0859000000-d8747974615dabc865112016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ac0-0921000000-20e84a94ac21e65e27c32016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-4900000000-1e0f166133422838c0892016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0319000000-e9a39c150cc22fe3585e2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0umi-4955000000-dea1abe1f68405b6dcd22016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cocaine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0fi9-3900000000-c6cb0f24abf4c5d1446d2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00907 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00907 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00907
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00002285
Chemspider ID10194104
KEGG Compound IDC01416
BioCyc IDCPD-9776
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkCocaine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound446220
PDB IDCOC
ChEBI ID27958
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDCOKE
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Siegel RK, Elsohly MA, Plowman T, Rury PM, Jones RT: Cocaine in herbal tea. JAMA. 1986 Jan 3;255(1):40. [PubMed:3940302 ]
  2. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fischman MW, Foltin R, Fowler JS, Franceschi D, Franceschi M, Logan J, Gatley SJ, Wong C, Ding YS, Hitzemann R, Pappas N: Effects of route of administration on cocaine induced dopamine transporter blockade in the human brain. Life Sci. 2000 Aug 11;67(12):1507-15. [PubMed:10983846 ]
  3. Uz T, Akhisaroglu M, Ahmed R, Manev H: The pineal gland is critical for circadian Period1 expression in the striatum and for circadian cocaine sensitization in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003 Dec;28(12):2117-23. [PubMed:12865893 ]
  4. Dimitrijevic N, Dzitoyeva S, Manev H: An automated assay of the behavioral effects of cocaine injections in adult Drosophila. J Neurosci Methods. 2004 Aug 30;137(2):181-4. [PubMed:15262059 ]
  5. McClung CA, Sidiropoulou K, Vitaterna M, Takahashi JS, White FJ, Cooper DC, Nestler EJ: Regulation of dopaminergic transmission and cocaine reward by the Clock gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jun 28;102(26):9377-81. Epub 2005 Jun 20. [PubMed:15967985 ]
  6. Lippi G, Plebani M, Cervellin G: Cocaine in acute myocardial infarction. Adv Clin Chem. 2010;51:53-70. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2423(10)51003-5. [PubMed:20857618 ]
  7. Pomara C, Cassano T, D'Errico S, Bello S, Romano AD, Riezzo I, Serviddio G: Data available on the extent of cocaine use and dependence: biochemistry, pharmacologic effects and global burden of disease of cocaine abusers. Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(33):5647-57. doi: 10.2174/092986712803988811. [PubMed:22856655 ]
  8. Beaulieu P: Anesthetic implications of recreational drug use. Can J Anaesth. 2017 Dec;64(12):1236-1264. doi: 10.1007/s12630-017-0975-0. Epub 2017 Sep 27. [PubMed:28956316 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 17 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Lipid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Hydrolyzes aromatic and aliphatic esters, but has no catalytic activity toward amides or a fatty acyl-CoA ester. Hydrolyzes the methyl ester group of cocaine to form benzoylecgonine. Catalyzes the transesterification of cocaine to form cocaethylene. Displays fatty acid ethyl ester synthase activity, catalyzing the ethyl esterification of oleic acid to ethyloleate.
Gene Name:
CES1
Uniprot ID:
P23141
Molecular weight:
62520.62
Reactions
Cocaine + Water → Ecgonine methyl ester + Benzoic aciddetails
General function:
Lipid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Shows high catalytic efficiency for hydrolysis of cocaine, 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate, heroin and 6-monoacetylmorphine.
Gene Name:
CES2
Uniprot ID:
O00748
Molecular weight:
68898.39
Reactions
Cocaine + Water → Ecgonine methyl ester + Benzoic aciddetails
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Ladona MG, Gonzalez ML, Rane A, Peter RM, de la Torre R: Cocaine metabolism in human fetal and adult liver microsomes is related to cytochrome P450 3A expression. Life Sci. 2000 Dec 15;68(4):431-43. [PubMed:11205892 ]
  2. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
Gene Name:
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID:
P11712
Molecular weight:
55627.365
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
Gene Name:
CYP2D6
Uniprot ID:
P10635
Molecular weight:
55768.94
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
Gene Name:
CYP3A5
Uniprot ID:
P20815
Molecular weight:
57108.065
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
Gene Name:
CYP3A7
Uniprot ID:
P24462
Molecular weight:
57525.03
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. In the epoxidation of arachidonic acid it generates only 14,15- and 11,12-cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol).
Gene Name:
CYP2C8
Uniprot ID:
P10632
Molecular weight:
55824.275
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity
Specific function:
Amine transporter. Terminates the action of dopamine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
Gene Name:
SLC6A3
Uniprot ID:
Q01959
Molecular weight:
68494.255
References
  1. Wilson JM, Levey AI, Bergeron C, Kalasinsky K, Ang L, Peretti F, Adams VI, Smialek J, Anderson WR, Shannak K, Deck J, Niznik HB, Kish SJ: Striatal dopamine, dopamine transporter, and vesicular monoamine transporter in chronic cocaine users. Ann Neurol. 1996 Sep;40(3):428-39. [PubMed:8797532 ]
  2. Kim DI, Schweri MM, Deutsch HM: Synthesis and pharmacology of site specific cocaine abuse treatment agents: 8-substituted isotropane (3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane) dopamine uptake inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2003 Apr 10;46(8):1456-64. [PubMed:12672245 ]
  3. Rothman RB, Baumann MH, Dersch CM, Appel J, Houghten RA: Discovery of novel peptidic dopamine transporter ligands by screening a positional scanning combinatorial hexapeptide library. Synapse. 1999 Sep 1;33(3):239-46. [PubMed:10420171 ]
  4. Carrera MR, Meijler MM, Janda KD: Cocaine pharmacology and current pharmacotherapies for its abuse. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004 Oct 1;12(19):5019-30. [PubMed:15351386 ]
  5. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [PubMed:9537821 ]
General function:
Involved in ion channel activity
Specific function:
This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channel isoform. This channel is responsible for the initial upstroke of the action potential in the electrocardiogram
Gene Name:
SCN5A
Uniprot ID:
Q14524
Molecular weight:
226937.5
References
  1. Antzelevitch C: Brugada syndrome. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2006 Oct;29(10):1130-59. [PubMed:17038146 ]
  2. Satish OS, Yeh KH, Wen MS: Brugada syndrome--an update. Chang Gung Med J. 2005 Feb;28(2):69-76. [PubMed:15880981 ]
  3. Wright SN, Wang SY, Xiao YF, Wang GK: State-dependent cocaine block of sodium channel isoforms, chimeras, and channels coexpressed with the beta1 subunit. Biophys J. 1999 Jan;76(1 Pt 1):233-45. [PubMed:9876137 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity
Specific function:
Amine transporter. Terminates the action of noradrenaline by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
Gene Name:
SLC6A2
Uniprot ID:
P23975
Molecular weight:
69331.42
References
  1. Galli A, DeFelice LJ, Duke BJ, Moore KR, Blakely RD: Sodium-dependent norepinephrine-induced currents in norepinephrine-transporter-transfected HEK-293 cells blocked by cocaine and antidepressants. J Exp Biol. 1995 Oct;198(Pt 10):2197-212. [PubMed:7500004 ]
  2. Burchett SA, Bannon MJ: Serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine transporter mRNAs: heterogeneity of distribution and response to 'binge' cocaine administration. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1997 Oct 3;49(1-2):95-102. [PubMed:9387868 ]
  3. Zhao Y, Sun L: Perinatal cocaine exposure reduces myocardial norepinephrine transporter function in the neonatal rat. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2004 May-Jun;26(3):443-50. [PubMed:15113605 ]
  4. Carrera MR, Meijler MM, Janda KD: Cocaine pharmacology and current pharmacotherapies for its abuse. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004 Oct 1;12(19):5019-30. [PubMed:15351386 ]
General function:
Involved in neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity
Specific function:
Serotonin transporter whose primary function in the central nervous system involves the regulation of serotonergic signaling via transport of serotonin molecules from the synaptic cleft back into the pre-synaptic terminal for re-utilization. Plays a key role in mediating regulation of the availability of serotonin to other receptors of serotonergic systems. Terminates the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner.
Gene Name:
SLC6A4
Uniprot ID:
P31645
Molecular weight:
70324.165
References
  1. Patkar AA, Berrettini WH, Hoehe M, Thornton CC, Gottheil E, Hill K, Weinstein SP: Serotonin transporter polymorphisms and measures of impulsivity, aggression, and sensation seeking among African-American cocaine-dependent individuals. Psychiatry Res. 2002 Jun 1;110(2):103-15. [PubMed:12057823 ]
  2. Barker EL, Moore KR, Rakhshan F, Blakely RD: Transmembrane domain I contributes to the permeation pathway for serotonin and ions in the serotonin transporter. J Neurosci. 1999 Jun 15;19(12):4705-17. [PubMed:10366604 ]
  3. Corey JL, Quick MW, Davidson N, Lester HA, Guastella J: A cocaine-sensitive Drosophila serotonin transporter: cloning, expression, and electrophysiological characterization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Feb 1;91(3):1188-92. [PubMed:8302852 ]
  4. Carrera MR, Meijler MM, Janda KD: Cocaine pharmacology and current pharmacotherapies for its abuse. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004 Oct 1;12(19):5019-30. [PubMed:15351386 ]
  5. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [PubMed:9537821 ]
General function:
Involved in ion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creatinine, amantadine, memantine, acriflavine, 4-[4-(dimethylamino)-styryl]-N-methylpyridinium ASP, amiloride, metformin, N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Cisplatin may develop a nephrotoxic action. Transport of creatinine is inhibited by fluoroquinolones such as DX-619 and LVFX. This transporter is a major determinant of the anticancer activity of oxaliplatin and may contribute to antitumor specificity
Gene Name:
SLC22A2
Uniprot ID:
O15244
Molecular weight:
62564.0
References
  1. Grundemann D, Koster S, Kiefer N, Breidert T, Engelhardt M, Spitzenberger F, Obermuller N, Schomig E: Transport of monoamine transmitters by the organic cation transporter type 2, OCT2. J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 20;273(47):30915-20. [PubMed:9812985 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 17 proteins in total.