| Record Information |
| Version |
3.5 |
| Creation Date |
2005-11-16 08:48:42 -0700 |
| Update Date |
2013-02-08 17:09:07 -0700 |
| HMDB ID |
HMDB00696 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers |
None |
| Metabolite Identification |
| Common Name |
L-Methionine |
| Description |
Methionine is a dietary indispensable amino acid required for normal growth and development of humans, other mammals, and avian species. In addition to being a substrate for protein synthesis, it is an intermediate in transmethylation reactions, serving as the major methyl group donor in vivo, including the methyl groups for DNA and RNA intermediates. Methionine is a methyl acceptor for 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyl transferase (methionine synthase), the only reaction that allows for the recycling of this form of folate, and is also a methyl acceptor for the catabolism of betaine. Methionine is also required for synthesis of cysteine. Methionine is accepted as the metabolic precursor for cysteine. Only the sulfur atom from methionine is transferred to cysteine; the carbon skeleton of cysteine is donated by serine. (PMID 16702340 ). The adequacy range of dietary requirements of specific amino acids in disease states is difficult to determine. Requirements may not be similar in disease with regard to protein synthesis. Requirements for this purpose can be assessed only when such a function can be measured and related to clinical outcome. There is apparent consensus concerning normal sulfur amino acid (SAA) requirements. WHO recommendations amount to 13 mg/kg per 24 h in healthy adults. This amount is roughly doubled in artificial nutrition regimens. In disease or after trauma, requirements may be altered for methionine, cysteine, and taurine. Although in specific cases of congenital enzyme deficiency, prematurity, or diminished liver function, hypermethionemia or hyperhomocysteinemia may occur, SAA supplementation can be considered safe in amounts exceeding 2-3 times the minimal recommended daily intake. Apart from some very specific indications (e.g., acetaminophen poisoning) the usefulness of SAA supplementation is not yet established.(PMID 16702341 ). Methionine is known to exacerbate psychopathological symptoms in schizophrenic patients, there is no evidence of similar effects in healthy subjects. The role of methionine as a precursor of homocysteine is the most notable cause for concern. A "loading dose" of methionine (0.1 g/kg) has been given, and the resultant acute increase in plasma homocysteine has been used as an index of the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease. Although this procedure results in vascular dysfunction, this is acute and unlikely to result in permanent damage. However, a 10-fold larger dose, given mistakenly, resulted in death. Longer-term studies in adults have indicated no adverse consequences of moderate fluctuations in dietary methionine intake, but intakes higher than 5 times normal resulted in elevated homocysteine levels. These effects of methionine on homocysteine and vascular function are moderated by supplements of vitamins B-6, B-12, C, and folic acid. In infants, methionine intakes of 2 to 5 times normal resulted in impaired growth and extremely high plasma methionine levels, but no adverse long-term consequences were observed. (PMID 16702346 ). |
| Structure |
Download:
MOL |
SDF |
SMILES |
InChI
Display:
2D Structure |
3D Structure
|
| Synonyms |
- (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoate
- (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acid
- (L)-methionine
- (S)-(+)-methionine
- (S)-2-amino-4-(methylthio)-Butanoate
- (S)-2-amino-4-(methylthio)-Butanoic acid
- (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoate
- (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid
- (S)-2-amino-4-(methylthio)butyric acid
- (S)-methionine
- 2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butyrate
- 2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butyric acid
- 2-Amino-4-methylthiobutanoate
- 2-Amino-4-methylthiobutanoic acid
- A-Amino-g-methylmercaptobutyrate
- A-Amino-g-methylmercaptobutyric acid
- Acimethin
- alpha-Amino-alpha-aminobutyric acid
- alpha-Amino-gamma-methylmercaptobutyrate
- alpha-Amino-gamma-methylmercaptobutyric acid
- Cymethion
- G-Methylthio-a-aminobutyrate
- G-Methylthio-a-aminobutyric acid
- gamma-Methylthio-alpha-aminobutyrate
- gamma-Methylthio-alpha-aminobutyric acid
- H-Met-h
- H-Met-oh
- L(-)-Amino-alpha-amino-alpha-aminobutyric acid
- L(-)-Amino-gamma-methylthiobutyric acid
- L-(-)-Methionine
- L-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butyric acid
- L-2-Amino-4-methylthiobutyric acid
- L-a-Amino-g-methylthiobutyrate
- L-a-Amino-g-methylthiobutyric acid
- L-alpha-Amino-gamma-methylmercaptobutyric acid
- L-alpha-Amino-gamma-methylthiobutyrate
- L-alpha-Amino-gamma-methylthiobutyric acid
- L-gamma-Methylthio-alpha-aminobutyric acid
- L-Methionin
- L-Methionine
- L-Methioninum
- Liquimeth
- Mepron
- MET
- Methilanin
- Methionine
- Methioninum
- Metionina
- Neo-methidin
- Poly-L-methionine
- Polymethionine
- S-Methionine
- S-Methyl-L-homocysteine
- Toxin WAR
|
| Chemical Formula |
C5H11NO2S |
| Average Molecular Weight |
149.211 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
149.051049291 |
| IUPAC Name |
(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acid |
| Traditional IUPAC Name |
L-methionine |
| CAS Registry Number |
63-68-3 |
| SMILES |
CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O |
| InChI Identifier |
InChI=1S/C5H11NO2S/c1-9-3-2-4(6)5(7)8/h4H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1 |
| InChI Key |
FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N |
| Chemical Taxonomy |
| Kingdom |
Organic Compounds |
| Super Class |
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues |
| Class |
Amino Acids and Derivatives |
| Sub Class |
Alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives |
| Other Descriptors |
- Aliphatic Acyclic Compounds
- Common amino acids(KEGG)
- amino acid zwitterion(ChEBI)
|
| Substituents |
- Carboxylic Acid
- Primary Aliphatic Amine (Alkylamine)
- Thioether
|
| Direct Parent |
Alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives |
| Ontology |
| Status |
Detected and Quantified |
| Origin |
|
| Biofunction |
- Component of Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
- Component of Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
- Component of Histidine metabolism
- Component of Methionine metabolism
- Component of Selenoamino acid metabolism
- Component of Tyrosine metabolism
- Essential amino acids
|
| Application |
Not Available |
| Cellular locations |
|
| Physical Properties |
| State |
Solid |
| Experimental Properties |
| Property |
Value |
Reference |
| Melting Point |
284 °C |
Not Available |
| Boiling Point |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| Water Solubility |
56.6 mg/mL |
YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992) |
| LogP |
-1.87 |
HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
|
| Predicted Properties |
|
| Spectra |
|
| Gas-MS Spectrum |
| 13C NMR Spectrum |
| 1H NMR Spectrum |
| MS/MS Spectrum Quattro_QQQ 10 |
| MS/MS Spectrum Quattro_QQQ 25 |
| MS/MS Spectrum Quattro_QQQ 40 |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10 |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20 |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30 |
| MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40 |
| [1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum |
| [1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum |
|
| Biological Properties |
| Cellular Locations |
|
| Biofluid Locations |
- Blood
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- Urine
|
| Tissue Location |
- Muscle
- Fibroblasts
- Pancreas
- Prostate
- Spleen
|
| Pathways |
|
| Normal Concentrations |
|
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
25.0 (21.0-29.0) uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
33.4 +/- 9 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Not Specified |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
35.0 +/- 5.0 uM |
Newborn (0-30 days old) |
Not Specified |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
27.0 +/- 5.0 uM |
Children (1-13 year old) |
Male |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
32.0 +/- 6.0 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Male |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
27.0 +/- 5.0 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Female |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
29.8 +/- 6.3 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Not Specified |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
5 +/- 4 uM |
Not Specified |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
3.6 +/- 0.98 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Not Specified |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
2.9 +/- 0.69 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
1.9 +/- 0.7 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
6.1 +/- 3.1 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Not Specified |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
4.3 +/- 2.5 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Not Specified |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
4.07 (3.00-5.14) uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
1.0 umol/mmol creatinine |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
2.303 (0.658-3.947) umol/mmol creatinine |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and not Quantified |
|
Not Applicable |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Male |
Normal |
After green tea sonsumption
|
| Urine |
Detected and not Quantified |
|
Not Applicable |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Male |
Normal |
After black tea sonsumption
|
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
1.70 +/- 1.01 umol/mmol creatinine |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
0.065 (0.0-0.13) umol/mmol creatinine |
Newborn (0-30 days old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
0.8 (0.4-1.6) umol/mmol creatinine |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
by LC-MS/MS (Biocrates kit)
|
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
0.611 +/- 0.45 umol/mmol creatinine |
Children (1-13 year old) |
Male |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
1.3 +/- 0.97 umol/mmol creatinine |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Male |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
1.12 +/- 0.97 umol/mmol creatinine |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Female |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
1.4 (0.5-2.5) umol/mmol creatinine |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
urine by NMR
|
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
0.4 umol/mmol creatinine |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
| Urine |
Detected and Quantified |
|
1.21 +/- 1.20 umol/mmol creatinine |
Infant (0-1 year old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
|
| Abnormal Concentrations |
|
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
17.8 (17.0-18.6) uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Epilepsy |
Acute seizures
(0.1, 9.3) 2-6 years:
|
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
775.00 (250.00-1300.00) uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Methionine adenosyl transferase deficiency |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
17.3 +/- 9.5 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Not Specified |
Heart Transplant |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
518.5 (37.00-1000.00) uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
S-Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
750.0 (500.00-1000.00) uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Glycine N-Methyltransferase deficiency |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
20.00 (10.00-30.00) uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Homocystinuria due to defect of N(5,10)-methylene THF deficiency |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
9.00 (0.00-18.00) uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Homocystinuria |
Not Available |
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
415.0 +/- 7.0 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Heart failure |
Non-diabetic patients with chronic heart failure
|
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
2.7 +/- 0.67 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Schizophrenia |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
6.0 +/- 5.3 uM |
Children (1-13 year old) |
Not Specified |
Leukemia |
Not Available |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
Detected and Quantified |
|
3.5 +/- 0.4 uM |
Children (1-13 year old) |
Not Specified |
Leukemia |
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) with Central...
|
|
| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
| Disease References |
| Epilepsy |
- Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24.
Pubmed: 14992292
|
| Leukemia |
- Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14.
Pubmed: 15911239
|
| Heart failure |
- Norrelund H, Wiggers H, Halbirk M, Frystyk J, Flyvbjerg A, Botker HE, Schmitz O, Jorgensen JO, Christiansen JS, Moller N: Abnormalities of whole body protein turnover, muscle metabolism and levels of metabolic hormones in patients with chronic heart failure. J Intern Med. 2006 Jul;260(1):11-21.
Pubmed: 16789974
|
| Schizophrenia |
- Do KQ, Lauer CJ, Schreiber W, Zollinger M, Gutteck-Amsler U, Cuenod M, Holsboer F: gamma-Glutamylglutamine and taurine concentrations are decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of drug-naive patients with schizophrenic disorders. J Neurochem. 1995 Dec;65(6):2652-62.
Pubmed: 7595563
|
| Glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency |
- http://www.metagene.de/program/d.prg?mp=GLYCINE%20N-METHYLTRANSFERASE%20DEFICIENCY
|
| Homocystinuria due to defect of N(5,10)-methylene THF deficiency |
- http://www.metagene.de/program/d.prg?mp=HOMOCYSTINURIA%20DUE%20TO%20DEFECT%20OF%20N(5,10)-METHYLENE%20THF%20DEFICIENCY
|
| Homocystinuria |
- http://www.metagene.de/program/d.prg?mp=HOMOCYSTINURIA%20DUE%20TO%20DEFECT%20OF%20N(5,10)-METHYLENE%20THF%20DEFICIENCY
|
| Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency |
- http://www.metagene.de/program/d.prg?mp=METHIONINE%20ADENOSYL%20TRANSFERASE%20DEFICIENCY
|
| Hypermethioninemia |
- http://www.metagene.de/program/d.prg?mp=S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE%20HYDROLASE%20DEFICIENCY
|
|
| Associated OMIM IDs |
- 181500
(Schizophrenia)
- 236200
(Homocystinuria)
- 613752
(Hypermethioninemia)
- 250850
(Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency)
- 606664
(Glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency)
- 236250
(Homocystinuria due to defect of N(5,10)-methylene THF deficiency)
|
| External Links |
| DrugBank ID |
DB00134  |
| Phenol Explorer Compound ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID |
Not Available |
| FoodDB ID |
FDB012683 |
| KNApSAcK ID |
C00001379  |
| Chemspider ID |
5907  |
| KEGG Compound ID |
C00073  |
| BioCyc ID |
MET  |
| BiGG ID |
33753  |
| Wikipedia Link |
MET  |
| NuGOwiki Link |
HMDB00696  |
| Metagene Link |
HMDB00696  |
| METLIN ID |
5664  |
| PubChem Compound |
6137  |
| PDB ID |
MET  |
| ChEBI ID |
16643  |
| References |
| Synthesis Reference |
Boy, Matthias; Klein, Daniela; Schroeder, Hartwig. Method for the production and recovery of methionine. PCT Int. Appl. (2005), 34 pp. |
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
Download (PDF)
|
| General References |
- Alme B, Bremmelgaard A, Sjovall J, Thomassen P: Analysis of metabolic profiles of bile acids in urine using a lipophilic anion exchanger and computerized gas-liquid chromatorgaphy-mass spectrometry. J Lipid Res. 1977 May;18(3):339-62.
Pubmed: 864325
- Sardharwalla IB, Fowler B, Robins AJ, Komrower GM: Detection of heterozygotes for homocystinuria. Study of sulphur-containing amino acids in plasma and urine after L-methionine loading. Arch Dis Child. 1974 Jul;49(7):553-9.
Pubmed: 4851308
- Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14.
Pubmed: 15911239
- Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6.
Pubmed: 12297216
- Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24.
Pubmed: 14992292
- Alton KB, Hernandez A, Alvarez N, Patrick JE: High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of N-[2(S)-(mercaptomethyl)-3-(2-methylphenyl)-1-oxopropyl]-L-methionine, the active plasma metabolite of a prodrug atriopeptidase inhibitor (SCH 42495), using a thiol selective (Au/Hg) amperometric detector. J Chromatogr. 1992 Sep 2;579(2):307-17.
Pubmed: 1429978
- Fischer JL, Lancia JK, Mathur A, Smith ML: Selenium protection from DNA damage involves a Ref1/p53/Brca1 protein complex. Anticancer Res. 2006 Mar-Apr;26(2A):899-904.
Pubmed: 16619485
- Kersemans V, Cornelissen B, Kersemans K, Bauwens M, Achten E, Dierckx RA, Mertens J, Slegers G: In vivo characterization of 123/125I-2-iodo-L-phenylalanine in an R1M rhabdomyosarcoma athymic mouse model as a potential tumor tracer for SPECT. J Nucl Med. 2005 Mar;46(3):532-9.
Pubmed: 15750170
- Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38.
Pubmed: 2026685
- Ditscheid B, Funfstuck R, Busch M, Schubert R, Gerth J, Jahreis G: Effect of L-methionine supplementation on plasma homocysteine and other free amino acids: a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jun;59(6):768-75.
Pubmed: 15870821
- Hesse A, Heimbach D: Causes of phosphate stone formation and the importance of metaphylaxis by urinary acidification: a review. World J Urol. 1999 Oct;17(5):308-15.
Pubmed: 10552150
- Engelborghs S, Marescau B, De Deyn PP: Amino acids and biogenic amines in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Res. 2003 Aug;28(8):1145-50.
Pubmed: 12834252
- Harth G, Horwitz MA: Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis glutamine synthetase as a novel antibiotic strategy against tuberculosis: demonstration of efficacy in vivo. Infect Immun. 2003 Jan;71(1):456-64.
Pubmed: 12496196
- Takasu A, Shimosegawa T, Shimosegawa E, Hatazawa J, Kimura K, Fujita M, Koizumi M, Kanno I, Toyota T: 11C-methionine uptake to the pancreas and its secretion: a positron emission tomography study in humans. Pancreas. 1999 May;18(4):392-8.
Pubmed: 10231845
- Hagenfeldt L, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Amino acids in plasma and CSF and monoamine metabolites in CSF: interrelationship in healthy subjects. J Neurochem. 1984 Mar;42(3):833-7.
Pubmed: 6198473
- Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4.
Pubmed: 19212411
|
| Enzymes |
| Name: |
Methionine synthase
|
| Reactions: |
- 5-methyltetrahydrofolate + L-homocysteine = tetrahydrofolate + L-methionine [RN:R00946]
|
| Gene Name: |
MTR |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q99707  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Name: |
Arsenite methyltransferase
|
| Reactions: |
- (1) S-adenosyl-L-methionine + arsenite = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + methylarsonate [RN:R05755]
- (2) S-adenosyl-L-methionine + methylarsonite = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + dimethylarsinate [RN:R05756]
|
| Gene Name: |
AS3MT |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q9HBK9  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
|
|
|
|
| Name: |
Methionine synthase reductase
|
| Reactions: |
- 2 [methionine synthase]-methylcob(I)alamin + 2 S-adenosylhomocysteine + NADP+ = 2 [methionine synthase]-cob(II)alamin + NADPH + H+ + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine [RN:R05182]
|
| Gene Name: |
MTRR |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q9UBK8  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
| Name: |
Peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase
|
| Reactions: |
- (1) peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = peptide-L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin [RN:R04120]
- (2) L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin [RN:R07606]
|
| Gene Name: |
MSRA |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q9UJ68  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
|
|
|
|
| Name: |
Glutamine synthetase
|
| Reactions: |
- ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine [RN:R00253]
|
| Gene Name: |
GLUL |
| Uniprot ID: |
P15104  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Methionine aminopeptidase 2
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| Reactions: |
- Release of N-terminal amino acids, preferentially methionine, from peptides and arylamides
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| Gene Name: |
METAP2 |
| Uniprot ID: |
P50579  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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