1. (2S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutanoate
2. (2S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutanoic acid
3. (S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutanoate
4. (S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutanoic acid
5. (S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutyrate
6. (S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutyric acid
7. (S)-2-amino-3-methyl-Butanoate
8. (S)-2-amino-3-methyl-Butanoic acid
9. (S)-Valine
10. (S)-a-Amino-b-methylbutyrate
11. (S)-a-Amino-b-methylbutyric acid
12. 2-Amino-3-methylbutanoate
13. 2-Amino-3-methylbutanoic acid
14. 2-Amino-3-methylbutyrate
15. 2-Amino-3-methylbutyric acid
16. L-(+)-a-Aminoisovalerate
17. L-(+)-a-Aminoisovaleric acid
18. L-a-Amino-b-methylbutyrate
19. L-a-Amino-b-methylbutyric acid
20. L-valine
21. valine
22. (S)-alpha-Amino-beta-methylbutyrate
23. (S)-alpha-Amino-beta-methylbutyric acid
24. L-(+)-alpha-Aminoisovalerate
25. L-(+)-alpha-Aminoisovaleric acid
26. L-alpha-Amino-beta-methylbutyrate
27. L-alpha-Amino-beta-methylbutyric acid

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• Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
• Extracellular
• mitochondria

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Saliva
• Urine

• 104300 (Alzheimer's disease)
• 277100 (Hypervalinemia)
• 211980 (Lung Cancer)
• 248600 (Maple syrup urine disease)
• 261600 (Phenylketonuria)

1. Deng C, Shang C, Hu Y, Zhang X: Rapid diagnosis of phenylketonuria and other aminoacidemias by quantitative analysis of amino acids in neonatal blood spots by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Jul 25;775(1):115-20. [PubMed ]
2. Stickel F, Osterreicher CH, Datz C, Ferenci P, Wolfel M, Norgauer W, Kraus MR, Wrba F, Hellerbrand C, Schuppan D: Prediction of progression to cirrhosis by a glutathione S-transferase P1 polymorphism in subjects with hereditary hemochromatosis. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Sep 12;165(16):1835-40. [PubMed ]
3. Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14. [PubMed ]
4. Wudy SA, Hartmann M, Solleder C, Homoki J: Determination of 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone in human plasma by routine isotope dilution mass spectrometry using benchtop gas chromatography-mass selective detection. Steroids. 2001 Oct;66(10):759-62. [PubMed ]
5. Szpetnar M, Pasternak K, Boguszewska A: Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) in heart diseases (ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction). Ann Univ Mariae Curie Sklodowska [Med]. 2004;59(2):91-5. [PubMed ]
6. Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6. [PubMed ]
7. Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24. [PubMed ]
8. Bairaktari E, Katopodis K, Siamopoulos KC, Tsolas O: Paraquat-induced renal injury studied by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of urine. Clin Chem. 1998 Jun;44(6 Pt 1):1256-61. [PubMed ]
9. Hongpaisan J: Inhibition of proliferation of contaminating fibroblasts by D-valine in cultures of smooth muscle cells from human myometrium. Cell Biol Int. 2000;24(1):1-7. [PubMed ]
10. Wevers RA, Engelke U, Wendel U, de Jong JG, Gabreels FJ, Heerschap A: Standardized method for high-resolution 1H-NMR of cerebrospinal fluid. Clin Chem. 1995 May;41(5):744-51. [PubMed ]
11. Deligezer U, Akisik EE, Dalay N: Homozygosity at the C677T of the MTHFR gene is associated with increased breast cancer risk in the Turkish population. In Vivo. 2005 Sep-Oct;19(5):889-93. [PubMed ]
12. Silwood CJ, Lynch E, Claxson AW, Grootveld MC: 1H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic analysis of human saliva. J Dent Res. 2002 Jun;81(6):422-7. [PubMed ]
13. Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed ]
14. McInturff JE, Wang SJ, Machleidt T, Lin TR, Oren A, Hertz CJ, Krutzik SR, Hart S, Zeh K, Anderson DH, Gallo RL, Modlin RL, Kim J: Granulysin-derived peptides demonstrate antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects against Propionibacterium acnes. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Aug;125(2):256-63. [PubMed ]
15. Nicholson JK, O'Flynn MP, Sadler PJ, Macleod AF, Juul SM, Sonksen PH: Proton-nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies of serum, plasma and urine from fasting normal and diabetic subjects. Biochem J. 1984 Jan 15;217(2):365-75. [PubMed ]
16. Jensen PK, Jacobsen NO: Studies of D-amino acid oxidase activity in human epidermis and cultured human epidermal cells. Arch Dermatol Res. 1984;276(1):57-64. [PubMed ]
17. Hagenfeldt L, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Amino acids in plasma and CSF and monoamine metabolites in CSF: interrelationship in healthy subjects. J Neurochem. 1984 Mar;42(3):833-7. [PubMed ]
18. Kurpad AV, Regan MM, Raj TD, Gnanou JV, Rao VN, Young VR: The daily valine requirement of healthy adult Indians determined by the 24-h indicator amino acid balance approach. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug;82(2):373-9. [PubMed ]
19. Wikipedia

1. Propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial
2. Catechol O-methyltransferase
3. Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic
4. Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial
5. Valyl-tRNA synthetase
6. Valyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial
7. cDNA, FLJ95372, highly similar to Homo sapiens branched chain aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial(BCAT2), mRNA (Branched chain aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial)
8. Valyl-tRNA synthetase (Valyl-tRNA synthetase, isoform CRA_a)

1. PCCase subunit beta
2. Propanoyl-CoA:carbon dioxide ligase subunit beta

MAAALRVAAVGARLSVLASGLRAAVRSLCSQATSVNERIENKRRTALLGGGQRRIDAQHK
RGKLTARERISLLLDPGSFVESDMFVEHRCADFGMAADKNKFPGDSVVTGRGRINGRLVY
VFSQDFTVFGGSLSGAHAQKICKIMDQAITVGAPVIGLNDSGGARIQEGVESLAGYADIF
LRNVTASGVIPQISLIMGPCAGGAVYSPALTDFTFMVKDTSYLFITGPDVVKSVTNEDVT
QEELGGAKTHTTMSGVAHRAFENDVDALCNLRDFFNYLPLSSQDPAPVRECHDPSDRLVP
ELDTIVPLESTKAYNMVDIIHSVVDEREFFEIMPNYAKNIIVGFARMNGRTVGIVGNQPK
VASGCLDINSSVKGARFVRFCDAFNIPLITFVDVPGFLPGTAQEYGGIIRHGAKLLYAFA
EATVPKVTVITRKAYGGAYDVMSSKHLCGDTNYAWPTAEIAVMGAKGAVEIIFKGHENVE
AAQAEYIEKFANPFPAAVRGFVDDIIQPSSTRARICCDLDVLASKKVQRPWRKHANIPL

• Propanoate Metabolism (map00640 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• ATP + propanoyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA [RN:R01859]

• Carboxyl_trans (PF01039 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGGCGGCATTACGGGTGGCGGCGGTCGGGGCAAGGCTCAGCGTTCTGGCGAGCGGT
CTCCGCGCCGCGGTCCGCAGCCTTTGCAGCCAGGCCACCTCTGTTAACGAACGCATCGAA
AACAAGCGCCGGACCGCGCTGCTGGGAGGGGGCCAACGCCGTATTGACGCGCAGCACAAG
CGAGGAAAGCTAACAGCCAGGGAGAGGATCAGTCTCTTGCTGGACCCTGGCAGCTTTGTT
GAGAGCGACATGTTTGTGGAACACAGATGTGCAGATTTTGGAATGGCTGCTGACAAGAAT
AAGTTTCCTGGAGACAGCGTGGTCACTGGACGAGGCCGAATCAATGGAAGATTGGTTTAT
GTCTTCAGTCAGGATTTTACAGTTTTTGGAGGCAGTCTGTCAGGAGCACATGCCCAAAAG
ATCTGCAAAATCATGGACCAGGCCATAACGGTGGGGGCTCCAGTGATTGGGCTGAATGAC
TCTGGGGGAGCACGGATCCAAGAAGGAGTGGAGTCTTTGGCTGGCTATGCAGACATCTTT
CTGAGGAATGTTACGGCATCCGGAGTCATCCCTCAGATTTCTCTGATCATGGGCCCATGT
GCTGGTGGGGCCGTCTACTCCCCAGCCCTAACAGACTTCACGTTCATGGTAAAGGACACC
TCCTACCTGTTCATCACTGGCCCTGATGTTGTGAAGTCTGTCACCAATGAGGATGTTACC
CAGGAGGAGCTCGGTGGTGCCAAGACCCACACCACCATGTCAGGTGTGGCCCACAGAGCT
TTTGAAAATGATGTTGATGCCTTGTGTAATCTCCGGGATTTCTTCAACTACCTGCCCCTG
AGCAGTCAGGACCCGGCTTCCGTCCGTGAGTGCCACGATCCCAGTGACCGTCTGGTTCCT
GAGCTTGACACAATTGTCCCTTTGGAATCAACCAAAGCCTACAACATGGTGGACATCATA
CACTCTGTTGTTGATGAGCGTGAATTTTTTGAGATCATGCCCAATTATGCCAAGAACATC
ATTGTTGGTTTTGCAAGAATGAATGGGAGGACTGTTGGAATTGTTGGCAACCAACCTAAG
GTGGCCTCAGGATGCTTGGATATTAATTCATCTGTGAAAGGGGCTCGTTTTGTCAGATTC
TGTGATGCATTCAATATTCCACTCATCACTTTTGTTGATGTCCCTGGCTTTCTACCTGGC
ACAGCACAGGAATACGGGGGCATCATCCGGCATGGTGCCAAGCTTCTCTACGCATTTGCT
GAGGCAACTGTACCCAAAGTCACAGTCATCACCAGGAAGGCCTATGGAGGTGCCTATGAT
GTCATGAGCTCTAAGCACCTTTGTGGTGATACCAACTATGCCTGGCCCACCGCAGAGATT
GCAGTCATGGGAGCAAAGGGCGCTGTGGAGATCATCTTCAAAGGGCATGAGAATGTGGAA
GCTGCTCAGGCAGAGTACATCGAGAAGTTTGCCAACCCTTTCCCTGCAGCAGTGCGAGGG
TTTGTGGATGACATCATCCAACCTTCTTCCACACGTGCCCGAATCTGCTGTGACCTGGAT
GTCTTGGCCAGCAAGAAGGTACAACGTCCTTGGAGAAAACATGCAAATATTCCATTGTAA

1. Lamhonwah AM, Leclerc D, Loyer M, Clarizio R, Gravel RA: Correction of the metabolic defect in propionic acidemia fibroblasts by microinjection of a full-length cDNA or RNA transcript encoding the propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta subunit. Genomics. 1994 Feb;19(3):500-5. [PubMed ]
2. Ohura T, Ogasawara M, Ikeda H, Narisawa K, Tada K: The molecular defect in propionic acidemia: exon skipping caused by an 8-bp deletion from an intron in the PCCB allele. Hum Genet. 1993 Oct;92(4):397-402. [PubMed ]
3. Rodriguez-Pombo P, Hoenicka J, Muro S, Perez B, Perez-Cerda C, Richard E, Desviat LR, Ugarte M: Human propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta subunit gene: exon-intron definition and mutation spectrum in Spanish and Latin American propionic acidemia patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Aug;63(2):360-9. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Lamhonwah AM, Barankiewicz TJ, Willard HF, Mahuran DJ, Quan F, Gravel RA: Isolation of cDNA clones coding for the alpha and beta chains of human propionyl-CoA carboxylase: chromosomal assignments and DNA polymorphisms associated with PCCA and PCCB genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4864-8. [PubMed ]
6. Tahara T, Kraus JP, Rosenberg LE: An unusual insertion/deletion in the gene encoding the beta-subunit of propionyl-CoA carboxylase is a frequent mutation in Caucasian propionic acidemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(4):1372-6. [PubMed ]
7. Tahara T, Kraus JP, Ohura T, Rosenberg LE, Fenton WA: Three independent mutations in the same exon of the PCCB gene: differences between Caucasian and Japanese propionic acidaemia. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(2):353-60. [PubMed ]
8. Muro S, Rodriguez-Pombo P, Perez B, Perez-Cerda C, Desviat LR, Sperl W, Skladal D, Sass JO, Ugarte M: Identification of novel mutations in the PCCB gene in European propionic acidemia patients. Mutation in brief no. 253. Online. Hum Mutat. 1999;14(1):89-90. [PubMed ]
9. Ugarte M, Perez-Cerda C, Rodriguez-Pombo P, Desviat LR, Perez B, Richard E, Muro S, Campeau E, Ohura T, Gravel RA: Overview of mutations in the PCCA and PCCB genes causing propionic acidemia. Hum Mutat. 1999;14(4):275-82. [PubMed ]
10. Muro S, Perez B, Desviat LR, Rodriguez-Pombo P, Perez-Cerda C, Clavero S, Ugarte M: Effect of PCCB gene mutations on the heteromeric and homomeric assembly of propionyl-CoA carboxylase. Mol Genet Metab. 2001 Dec;74(4):476-83. [PubMed ]
11. Yorifuji T, Kawai M, Muroi J, Mamada M, Kurokawa K, Shigematsu Y, Hirano S, Sakura N, Yoshida I, Kuhara T, Endo F, Mitsubuchi H, Nakahata T: Unexpectedly high prevalence of the mild form of propionic acidemia in Japan: presence of a common mutation and possible clinical implications. Hum Genet. 2002 Aug;111(2):161-5. Epub 2002 Jul 4. [PubMed ]
12. Perez B, Desviat LR, Rodriguez-Pombo P, Clavero S, Navarrete R, Perez-Cerda C, Ugarte M: Propionic acidemia: identification of twenty-four novel mutations in Europe and North America. Mol Genet Metab. 2003 Jan;78(1):59-67. [PubMed ]
13. Yang X, Sakamoto O, Matsubara Y, Kure S, Suzuki Y, Aoki Y, Yamaguchi S, Takahashi Y, Nishikubo T, Kawaguchi C, Yoshioka A, Kimura T, Hayasaka K, Kohno Y, Iinuma K, Ohura T: Mutation spectrum of the PCCA and PCCB genes in Japanese patients with propionic acidemia. Mol Genet Metab. 2004 Apr;81(4):335-42. [PubMed ]

MPEAPPLLLAAVLLGLVLLVVLLLLLRHWGWGLCLIGWNEFILQPIHNLLMGDTKEQRIL
NHVLQHAEPGNAQSVLEAIDTYCEQKEWAMNVGDKKGKIVDAVIQEHQPSVLLELGAYCG
YSAVRMARLLSPGARLITIEINPDCAAITQRMVDFAGVKDKVTLVVGASQDIIPQLKKKY
DVDTLDMVFLDHWKDRYLPDTLLLEECGLLRKGTVLLADNVICPGAPDFLAHVRGSSCFE
CTHYQSFLEYREVVDGLEKAIYKGPGSEAGP

• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )

• S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol [RN:R07330]

• Methyltransf_3 (PF01596 )

• None

• 7-26

ATGCCGGAGGCCCCGCCTCTGCTGTTGGCAGCTGTGTTGCTGGGCCTGGTGCTGCTGGTG
GTGCTGCTGCTGCTTCTGAGGCACTGGGGCTGGGGCCTGTGCCTTATCGGCTGGAACGAG
TTCATCCTGCAGCCCATCCACAACCTGCTCATGGGTGACACCAAGGAGCAGCGCATCCTG
AACCACGTGCTGCAGCATGCGGAGCCCGGGAACGCACAGAGCGTGCTGGAGGCCATTGAC
ACCTACTGCGAGCAGAAGGAGTGGGCCATGAACGTGGGCGACAAGAAAGGCAAGATCGTG
GACGCCGTGATTCAGGAGCACCAGCCCTCCGTGCTGCTGGAGCTGGGGGCCTACTGTGGC
TACTCAGCTGTGCGCATGGCCCGCCTGCTGTCACCAGGGGCGAGGCTCATCACCATCGAG
ATCAACCCCGACTGTGCCGCCATCACCCAGCGGATGGTGGATTTCGCTGGCGTGAAGGAC
AAGGTCACCCTTGTGGTTGGAGCGTCCCAGGACATCATCCCCCAGCTGAAGAAGAAGTAT
GATGTGGACACACTGGACATGGTCTTCCTCGACCACTGGAAGGACCGGTACCTGCCGGAC
ACGCTTCTCTTGGAGGAATGTGGCCTGCTGCGGAAGGGGACAGTGCTACTGGCTGACAAC
GTGATCTGCCCAGGTGCGCCAGACTTCCTAGCACACGTGCGCGGGAGCAGCTGCTTTGAG
TGCACACACTACCAATCGTTCCTGGAATACAGGGAGGTGGTGGACGGCCTGGAGAAGGCC
ATCTACAAGGGCCCAGGCAGCGAAGCAGGGCCCTGA

1. Lundstrom K, Salminen M, Jalanko A, Savolainen R, Ulmanen I: Cloning and characterization of human placental catechol-O-methyltransferase cDNA. DNA Cell Biol. 1991 Apr;10(3):181-9. [PubMed ]
2. Bertocci B, Miggiano V, Da Prada M, Dembic Z, Lahm HW, Malherbe P: Human catechol-O-methyltransferase: cloning and expression of the membrane-associated form. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1416-20. [PubMed ]
3. Tenhunen J, Salminen M, Lundstrom K, Kiviluoto T, Savolainen R, Ulmanen I: Genomic organization of the human catechol O-methyltransferase gene and its expression from two distinct promoters. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Aug 1;223(3):1049-59. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed ]
6. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed ]
7. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
8. Vilbois F, Caspers P, da Prada M, Lang G, Karrer C, Lahm HW, Cesura AM: Mass spectrometric analysis of human soluble catechol O-methyltransferase expressed in Escherichia coli. Identification of a product of ribosomal frameshifting and of reactive cysteines involved in S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Jun 1;222(2):377-86. [PubMed ]
9. Tilgmann C, Kalkkinen N: Purification and partial sequence analysis of the soluble catechol-O-methyltransferase from human placenta: comparison to the rat liver enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Jan 31;174(2):995-1002. [PubMed ]
10. Ulmanen I, Lundstrom K: Cell-free synthesis of rat and human catechol O-methyltransferase. Insertion of the membrane-bound form into microsomal membranes in vitro. Eur J Biochem. 1991 Dec 18;202(3):1013-20. [PubMed ]
11. Rutherford K, Le Trong I, Stenkamp RE, Parson WW: Crystal structures of human 108V and 108M catechol O-methyltransferase. J Mol Biol. 2008 Jun 27;380(1):120-30. Epub 2008 Apr 23. [PubMed ]
12. Lachman HM, Papolos DF, Saito T, Yu YM, Szumlanski CL, Weinshilboum RM: Human catechol-O-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: description of a functional polymorphism and its potential application to neuropsychiatric disorders. Pharmacogenetics. 1996 Jun;6(3):243-50. [PubMed ]
13. Tiihonen J, Hallikainen T, Lachman H, Saito T, Volavka J, Kauhanen J, Salonen JT, Ryynanen OP, Koulu M, Karvonen MK, Pohjalainen T, Syvalahti E, Hietala J: Association between the functional variant of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene and type 1 alcoholism. Mol Psychiatry. 1999 May;4(3):286-9. [PubMed ]
14. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed ]
15. Lee SG, Joo Y, Kim B, Chung S, Kim HL, Lee I, Choi B, Kim C, Song K: Association of Ala72Ser polymorphism with COMT enzyme activity and the risk of schizophrenia in Koreans. Hum Genet. 2005 Mar;116(4):319-28. Epub 2005 Jan 12. [PubMed ]
16. Rutherford K, Alphandery E, McMillan A, Daggett V, Parson WW: The V108M mutation decreases the structural stability of catechol O-methyltransferase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Jul-Aug;1784(7-8):1098-105. Epub 2008 Apr 24. [PubMed ]
17. Annerbrink K, Westberg L, Nilsson S, Rosmond R, Holm G, Eriksson E: Catechol O-methyltransferase val158-met polymorphism is associated with abdominal obesity and blood pressure in men. Metabolism. 2008 May;57(5):708-11. [PubMed ]

1. BCAT(c)
2. Protein ECA39

MKDCSNGCSAECTGEGGSKEVVGTFKAKDLIVTPATILKEKPDPNNLVFGTVFTDHMLTV
EWSSEFGWEKPHIKPLQNLSLHPGSSALHYAVELFEGLKAFRGVDNKIRLFQPNLNMDRM
YRSAVRATLPVFDKEELLECIQQLVKLDQEWVPYSTSASLYIRPTFIGTEPSLGVKKPTK
ALLFVLLSPVGPYFSSGTFNPVSLWANPKYVRAWKGGTGDCKMGGNYGSSLFAQCEAVDN
GCQQVLWLYGEDHQITEVGTMNLFLYWINEDGEEELATPPLDGIILPGVTRRCILDLAHQ
WGEFKVSERYLTMDDLTTALEGNRVREMFGSGTACVVCPVSDILYKGETIHIPTMENGPK
LASRILSKLTDIQYGREESDWTIVLS

• Pantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis (map00770 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• L-leucine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-glutamate [RN:R01090]

• Aminotran_4 (PF01063 )

• None

• None

ATGAAGGATTGCAGTAACGGATGCTCCGCAGAGTGTACCGGAGAAGGAGGATCAAAAGAG
GTGGTGGGGACTTTTAAGGCTAAAGACCTAATAGTCACACCAGCTACCATTTTAAAGGAA
AAACCAGACCCCAATAATCTGGTTTTTGGAACTGTGTTCACGGATCATATGCTGACGGTG
GAGTGGTCCTCAGAGTTTGGATGGGAGAAACCTCATATCAAGCCTCTTCAGAACCTGTCA
TTGCACCCTGGCTCATCAGCTTTGCACTATGCAGTGGAATTATTTGAAGGATTGAAGGCA
TTTCGAGGAGTAGATAATAAAATTCGACTGTTTCAGCCAAACCTCAACATGGATAGAATG
TATCGCTCTGCTGTGAGGGCAACTCTGCCGGTATTTGACAAAGAAGAGCTCTTAGAGTGT
ATTCAACAGCTTGTGAAATTGGATCAAGAATGGGTCCCATATTCAACATCTGCTAGTCTG
TATATTCGTCCTACATTCATTGGAACTGAGCCTTCTCTTGGAGTCAAGAAGCCTACCAAA
GCCCTGCTCTTTGTACTCTTGAGCCCAGTGGGACCTTATTTTTCAAGTGGAACCTTTAAT
CCAGTGTCCCTGTGGGCCAATCCCAAGTATGTAAGAGCCTGGAAAGGTGGAACTGGGGAC
TGCAAGATGGGAGGGAATTACGGCTCATCTCTTTTTGCCCAATGTGAAGCAGTAGATAAT
GGGTGTCAGCAGGTCCTGTGGCTCTATGGAGAGGACCATCAGATCACTGAAGTGGGAACT
ATGAATCTTTTTCTTTACTGGATAAATGAAGATGGAGAAGAAGAACTGGCAACTCCTCCA
CTAGATGGCATCATTCTTCCAGGAGTGACAAGGCGGTGCATTCTGGACCTGGCACATCAG
TGGGGTGAATTTAAGGTGTCAGAGAGATACCTCACCATGGATGACTTGACAACAGCCCTG
GAGGGGAACAGAGTGAGAGAGATGTTTGGCTCTGGTACAGCCTGTGTTGTTTGCCCAGTT
TCTGATATACTGTACAAAGGCGAGACAATACACATTCCAACTATGGAGAATGGTCCTAAG
CTGGCAAGCCGCATCTTGAGCAAATTAACTGATATCCAGTATGGAAGAGAAGAGAGCGAC
TGGACAATTGTGCTATCCTGA

1. Schuldiner O, Eden A, Ben-Yosef T, Yanuka O, Simchen G, Benvenisty N: ECA39, a conserved gene regulated by c-Myc in mice, is involved in G1/S cell cycle regulation in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jul 9;93(14):7143-8. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Scherer SE, Muzny DM, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Montgomery KT, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Lovering RC, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Draper H, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Havlak P, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Li L, Li Z, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Plopper FJ, Santibanez J, Shen H, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang Q, Williams GA, Zhang J, Zhou J, Allen CC, Amin AG, Anyalebechi V, Bailey M, Barbaria JA, Bimage KE, Bryant NP, Burch PE, Burkett CE, Burrell KL, Calderon E, Cardenas V, Carter K, Casias K, Cavazos I, Cavazos SR, Ceasar H, Chacko J, Chan SN, Chavez D, Christopoulos C, Chu J, Cockrell R, Cox CD, Dang M, Dathorne SR, David R, Davis CM, Davy-Carroll L, Deshazo DR, Donlin JE, D'Souza L, Eaves KA, Egan A, Emery-Cohen AJ, Escotto M, Flagg N, Forbes LD, Gabisi AM, Garza M, Hamilton C, Henderson N, Hernandez O, Hines S, Hogues ME, Huang M, Idlebird DG, Johnson R, Jolivet A, Jones S, Kagan R, King LM, Leal B, Lebow H, Lee S, LeVan JM, Lewis LC, London P, Lorensuhewa LM, Loulseged H, Lovett DA, Lucier A, Lucier RL, Ma J, Madu RC, Mapua P, Martindale AD, Martinez E, Massey E, Mawhiney S, Meador MG, Mendez S, Mercado C, Mercado IC, Merritt CE, Miner ZL, Minja E, Mitchell T, Mohabbat F, Mohabbat K, Montgomery B, Moore N, Morris S, Munidasa M, Ngo RN, Nguyen NB, Nickerson E, Nwaokelemeh OO, Nwokenkwo S, Obregon M, Oguh M, Oragunye N, Oviedo RJ, Parish BJ, Parker DN, Parrish J, Parks KL, Paul HA, Payton BA, Perez A, Perrin W, Pickens A, Primus EL, Pu LL, Puazo M, Quiles MM, Quiroz JB, Rabata D, Reeves K, Ruiz SJ, Shao H, Sisson I, Sonaike T, Sorelle RP, Sutton AE, Svatek AF, Svetz LA, Tamerisa KS, Taylor TR, Teague B, Thomas N, Thorn RD, Trejos ZY, Trevino BK, Ukegbu ON, Urban JB, Vasquez LI, Vera VA, Villasana DM, Wang L, Ward-Moore S, Warren JT, Wei X, White F, Williamson AL, Wleczyk R, Wooden HS, Wooden SH, Yen J, Yoon L, Yoon V, Zorrilla SE, Nelson D, Kucherlapati R, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12. Nature. 2006 Mar 16;440(7082):346-51. [PubMed ]
4. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
5. Goto M, Miyahara I, Hirotsu K, Conway M, Yennawar N, Islam MM, Hutson SM: Structural determinants for branched-chain aminotransferase isozyme-specific inhibition by the anticonvulsant drug gabapentin. J Biol Chem. 2005 Nov 4;280(44):37246-56. Epub 2005 Sep 1. [PubMed ]

1. BCAT(m)
2. Placental protein 18
3. PP18

MAAAALGQIWARKLLSVPWLLCGPRRYASSSFKAADLQLEMTQKPHKKPGPGEPLVFGKT
FTDHMLMVEWNDKGWGQPRIQPFQNLTLHPASSSLHYSLQLFEGMKAFKGKDQQVRLFRP
WLNMDRMLRSAMRLCLPSFDKLELLECIRRLIEVDKDWVPDAAGTSLYVRPVLIGNEPSL
GVSQPTRALLFVILCPVGAYFPGGSVTPVSLLADPAFIRAWVGGVGNYKLGGNYGPTVLV
QQEALKRGCEQVLWLYGPDHQLTEVGTMNIFVYWTHEDGVLELVTPPLNGVILPGVVRQS
LLDMAQTWGEFRVVERTITMKQLLRALEEGRVREVFGSGTACQVCPVHRILYKDRNLHIP
TMENGPELILRFQKELKEIQYGIRAHEWMFPV

• Pantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis (map00770 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• L-leucine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-glutamate [RN:R01090]

• Aminotran_4 (PF01063 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCGCAGCCGCTCTGGGGCAGATCTGGGCACGAAAGCTTCTCTCTGTCCCTTGGCTT
CTGTGTGGTCCCAGAAGATATGCCTCCTCCAGTTTCAAGGCTGCAGACCTGCAGCTGGAA
ATGACACAGAAGCCTCATAAGAAGCCTGGCCCCGGCGAGCCCCTGGTGTTTGGGAAGACA
TTTACCGACCACATGCTGATGGTGGAATGGAATGACAAGGGCTGGGGCCAGCCCCGAATC
CAGCCCTTCCAGAACCTCACGCTGCACCCAGCCTCCTCCAGCCTCCACTACTCCCTGCAG
CTGTTTGAGGGCATGAAGGCGTTCAAAGGCAAAGACCAGCAGGTGCGCCTCTTCCGCCCC
TGGCTCAACATGGACCGGATGCTGCGCTCAGCCATGCGCCTGTGCCTGCCGAGTTTCGAC
AAGCTGGAGTTGCTGGAGTGCATCCGCCGGCTCATCGAAGTGGACAAGGACTGGGTCCCC
GATGCCGCCGGCACCAGCCTCTATGTGCGGCCTGTGCTCATTGGGAACGAGCCCTCGCTG
GGTGTCAGCCAGCCCACGCGCGCGCTCCTGTTCGTCATTCTCTGCCCAGTGGGTGCCTAC
TTCCCTGGAGGCTCCGTGACCCCGGTCTCCCTCCTGGCCGACCCAGCCTTCATCCGGGCC
TGGGTGGGCGGGGTCGGCAACTACAAGTTAGGTGGGAATTATGGGCCCACCGTGTTAGTG
CAACAGGAGGCACTCAAGCGGGGCTGTGAACAGGTCCTCTGGCTGTATGGGCCCGACCAC
CAGCTCACCGAGGTGGGAACCATGAACATCTTTGTCTACTGGACCCACGAAGATGGGGTG
CTGGAGCTGGTGACGCCCCCGCTGAATGGTGTTATCCTGCCTGGAGTGGTCAGACAGAGT
CTACTGGACATGGCTCAGACCTGGGGTGAGTTCCGGGTGGTGGAGCGCACGATCACCATG
AAGCAGTTGCTGCGGGCCCTGGAGGAGGGCCGCGTGCGGGAAGTCTTTGGCTCGGGCACC
GCTTGCCAGGTCTGCCCAGTGCACCGAATCCTGTACAAAGACAGGAACCTCCACATTCCC
ACCATGGAAAATGGGCCTGAGCTGATCCTCCGCTTCCAGAAGGAGCTGAAGGAGATCCAG
TACGGAATCAGAGCCCACGAGTGGATGTTCCCGGTGTGA

1. Bledsoe RK, Dawson PA, Hutson SM: Cloning of the rat and human mitochondrial branched chain aminotransferases (BCATm). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Apr 25;1339(1):9-13. [PubMed ]
2. Than NG, Sumegi B, Than GN, Bellyei S, Bohn H: Molecular cloning and characterization of placental tissue protein 18 (PP18a)/human mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferase (BCATm) and its novel alternatively spliced PP18b variant. Placenta. 2001 Feb-Mar;22(2-3):235-43. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Eden A, Simchen G, Benvenisty N: Two yeast homologs of ECA39, a target for c-Myc regulation, code for cytosolic and mitochondrial branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases. J Biol Chem. 1996 Aug 23;271(34):20242-5. [PubMed ]
6. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
7. Yennawar N, Dunbar J, Conway M, Hutson S, Farber G: The structure of human mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferase. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2001 Apr;57(Pt 4):506-15. [PubMed ]
8. Yennawar NH, Conway ME, Yennawar HP, Farber GK, Hutson SM: Crystal structures of human mitochondrial branched chain aminotransferase reaction intermediates: ketimine and pyridoxamine phosphate forms. Biochemistry. 2002 Oct 1;41(39):11592-601. [PubMed ]
9. Goto M, Miyahara I, Hirotsu K, Conway M, Yennawar N, Islam MM, Hutson SM: Structural determinants for branched-chain aminotransferase isozyme-specific inhibition by the anticonvulsant drug gabapentin. J Biol Chem. 2005 Nov 4;280(44):37246-56. Epub 2005 Sep 1. [PubMed ]
10. Yennawar NH, Islam MM, Conway M, Wallin R, Hutson SM: Human mitochondrial branched chain aminotransferase isozyme: structural role of the CXXC center in catalysis. J Biol Chem. 2006 Dec 22;281(51):39660-71. Epub 2006 Oct 18. [PubMed ]

1. Protein G7a
2. Valine--tRNA ligase
3. ValRS

MSTLYVSPHPDAFPSLRALIAARYGEAGEGPGWGGAHPRICLQPPPTSRTPFPPPRLPAL
EQGPGGLWVWGATAVAQLLWPAGLGGPGGSRAAVLVQQWVSYADTELIPAACGATLPALG
LRSSAQDPQAVLGALGRALSPLEEWLRLHTYLAGEAPTLADLAAVTALLLPFRYVLDPPA
RRIWNNVTRWFVTCVRQPEFRAVLGEVVLYSGARPLSHQPGPEAPALPKTAAQLKKEAKK
REKLEKFQQKQKIQQQQPPPGEKKPKPEKREKRDPGVITYDLPTPPGEKKDVSGPMPDSY
SPRYVEAAWYPWWEQQGFFKPEYGRPNVSAANPRGVFMMCIPPPNVTGSLHLGHALTNAI
QDSLTRWHRMRGETTLWNPGCDHAGIATQVVVEKKLWREQGLSRHQLGREAFLQEVWKWK
EEKGDRIYHQLKKLGSSLDWDRACFTMDPKLSAAVTEAFVRLHEEGIIYRSTRLVNWSCT
LNSAISDIEVDKKELTGRTLLSVPGYKEKVEFGVLVSFAYKVQGSDSDEEVVVATTRIET
MLGDVAVAVHPKDTRYQHLKGKNVIHPFLSRSLPIVFDEFVDMDFGTGAVKITPAHDQND
YEVGQRHGLEAISIMDSRGALINVPPPFLGLPRFEARKAVLVALKERGLFRGIEDNPMVV
PLCNRSKDVVEPLLRPQWYVRCGEMAQAASAAVTRGDLRILPEAHQRTWHAWMDNIREWC
ISRQLWWGHRIPAYFVTVSDPAVPPGEDPDGRYWVSGRNEAEAREKAAKEFGVSPDKISL
QQDEDVLDTWFSSGLFPLSILGWPNQSEDLSVFYPGTLLETGHDILFFWVARMVMLGLKL
TGRLPFREVYLHAIVRDAHGRKMSKSLGNVIDPLDVIYGISLQGLHNQLLNSNLDPSEVE
KAKEGQKADFPAGIPECGTDALRFGLCAYMSQGRDINLDVNRILGYRHFCNKLWNATKFA
LRGLGKGFVPSPTSQPGGHESLVDRWIRSRLTEAVRLSNQGFQAYDFPAVTTAQYSFWLY
ELCDVYLECLKPVLNGVDQVAAECARQTLYTCLDVGLRLLSPFMPFVTEELFQRLPRRMP
QAPPSLCVTPYPEPSECSWKDPEAEAALELALSITRAVRSLRADYNLTRIRPDCFLEVAD
EATGALASAVSGYVQALASAGVVAVLALGAPAPQGCAVALASDRCSIHLQLQGLVDPARE
LGKLQAKRVEAQRQAQRLRERRAASGYPVKVPLEVQEADEAKLQQTEAELRKVDEAIALF
QKML

• Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (map00970 )

• ATP + L-valine + tRNAVal = AMP + diphosphate + L-valyl-tRNAVal [RN:R03665]

• Anticodon_1 (PF08264 )
• GST_C (PF00043 )
• GST_N (PF02798 )
• tRNA-synt_1 (PF00133 )

• None

• None

ATGTCCACCCTCTACGTCTCCCCTCACCCAGATGCCTTCCCCAGCCTCCGAGCCCTCATA
GCCGCTCGCTATGGGGAGGCTGGGGAGGGTCCCGGATGGGGAGGAGCCCACCCCCGCATC
TGTCTCCAGCCACCCCCGACTAGCAGGACTCCCTTTCCCCCACCCCGCCTGCCGGCCCTG
GAGCAGGGGCCCGGTGGGCTCTGGGTGTGGGGGGCCACGGCTGTGGCCCAGCTGCTGTGG
CCAGCAGGCCTGGGGGGCCCAGGGGGCAGCCGGGCGGCTGTCCTTGTCCAACAGTGGGTC
AGTTACGCCGACACGGAGTTAATACCAGCTGCCTGTGGAGCAACGCTGCCGGCCCTGGGA
CTCCGAAGCTCGGCCCAGGACCCCCAGGCTGTGCTGGGGGCCCTGGGCAGGGCCCTGAGC
CCCTTGGAGGAGTGGCTTCGGCTGCACACCTACTTGGCCGGGGAGGCCCCCACTCTGGCT
GACCTGGCGGCTGTCACAGCCTTGCTGCTGCCTTTCCGATACGTCCTAGACCCACCTGCC
CGCCGGATCTGGAATAATGTGACTCGCTGGTTTGTCACGTGTGTCCGGCAGCCAGAATTC
CGAGCCGTGCTAGGAGAAGTGGTTCTATACTCAGGAGCCAGGCCTCTCTCTCATCAGCCA
GGCCCCGAGGCTCCTGCCCTCCCAAAGACAGCTGCTCAGCTCAAGAAAGAGGCAAAGAAA
CGGGAGAAGCTAGAGAAATTCCAACAGAAGCAGAAGATCCAACAGCAGCAGCCACCTCCA
GGGGAGAAGAAACCAAAACCAGAGAAGAGGGAGAAACGGGATCCTGGGGTCATTACCTAT
GACCTCCCAACCCCACCCGGGGAAAAGAAAGATGTCAGTGGCCCCATGCCCGACTCCTAC
AGCCCTCGGTATGTGGAGGCTGCCTGGTACCCTTGGTGGGAGCAGCAGGGCTTCTTCAAG
CCAGAGTATGGGCGTCCTAATGTGTCAGCAGCAAATCCCCGAGGTGTCTTCATGATGTGC
ATCCCACCCCCCAATGTGACAGGCTCCCTGCACCTGGGCCATGCACTCACCAACGCCATC
CAGGACTCCCTGACTCGATGGCACCGCATGCGTGGGGAGACCACCCTGTGGAACCCTGGC
TGTGACCATGCAGGTATTGCCACCCAGGTGGTGGTGGAGAAGAAGCTATGGCGTGAGCAG
GGACTGAGCCGGCACCAGCTGGGCCGCGAGGCCTTTCTACAGGAAGTCTGGAAGTGGAAG
GAGGAGAAAGGTGACCGGATTTACCACCAGTTGAAGAAGCTTGGCAGCTCCTTGGACTGG
GATCGAGCCTGTTTCACCATGGACCCTAAACTCTCAGCAGCTGTGACAGAGGCCTTTGTC
CGGCTTCACGAGGAAGGCATCATCTATCGCAGTACCCGCCTTGTTAACTGGTCCTGCACC
CTCAACTCCGCCATCTCTGACATTGAGGTGGATAAGAAGGAGCTGACAGGTCGCACCCTG
CTCTCCGTGCCTGGCTACAAGGAGAAGGTGGAGTTCGGGGTCCTCGTGTCCTTTGCCTAT
AAGGTCCAAGGCTCAGATAGCGACGAGGAGGTGGTGGTGGCAACAACTCGGATCGAGACA
ATGCTGGGAGATGTGGCTGTAGCTGTGCACCCCAAAGATACCAGATACCAGCACCTGAAG
GGGAAGAACGTGATCCACCCATTCCTGTCTCGGAGCCTTCCCATTGTCTTCGATGAATTT
GTGGACATGGACTTTGGCACAGGTGCTGTGAAGATCACCCCCGCACATGACCAAAATGAC
TATGAAGTTGGGCAGCGGCACGGGCTGGAGGCCATCAGCATCATGGACTCCCGGGGGGCC
CTCATCAATGTGCCTCCGCCTTTCCTGGGCCTGCCCAGGTTTGAGGCCAGGAAAGCGGTG
CTGGTGGCGCTGAAGGAGCGGGGACTGTTCCGTGGCATTGAGGACAACCCCATGGTGGTG
CCACTTTGCAACCGGTCGAAGGACGTGGTAGAGCCTCTGCTGCGGCCGCAGTGGTACGTT
CGCTGCGGGGAGATGGCCCAGGCTGCCAGCGCCGCTGTGACTCGGGGTGACCTCCGCATC
CTGCCTGAGGCCCATCAGCGCACATGGCATGCCTGGATGGACAACATCCGGGAGTGGTGC
ATTTCCAGGCAGCTGTGGTGGGGCCATCGCATCCCAGCCTACTTTGTCACTGTCAGTGAC
CCAGCGGTGCCCCCTGGGGAGGACCCTGATGGGCGGTACTGGGTGAGTGGACGCAATGAG
GCGGAGGCCCGGGAGAAGGCAGCCAAGGAGTTCGGAGTGTCCCCTGACAAGATCAGTCTC
CAGCAAGATGAGGATGTATTGGATACCTGGTTCTCCTCTGGCCTCTTCCCCTTATCCATT
TTGGGCTGGCCCAACCAGTCAGAAGACCTGAGTGTGTTCTACCCCGGGACACTGCTGGAG
ACCGGTCATGACATCCTCTTCTTCTGGGTGGCCCGGATGGTCATGCTGGGCCTGAAGCTC
ACGGGCAGGCTGCCCTTTAGAGAGGTCTACCTCCATGCCATCGTGCGAGATGCTCACGGC
CGGAAGATGAGCAAGTCTCTAGGCAATGTCATCGATCCCCTGGATGTCATCTATGGAATC
TCCCTGCAGGGCCTCCACAACCAGCTGCTGAACAGCAACCTGGATCCCAGCGAGGTGGAG
AAGGCCAAAGAAGGGCAGAAAGCTGACTTCCCAGCGGGGATTCCTGAATGTGGCACCGAT
GCTCTCCGGTTTGGATTATGTGCCTACATGTCCCAGGGTCGTGACATCAACCTGGATGTG
AACCGGATACTGGGTTACCGCCACTTCTGCAACAAGCTCTGGAATGCCACCAAGTTTGCC
CTTCGTGGCCTTGGGAAGGGTTTTGTGCCCTCACCCACCTCCCAGCCCGGAGGCCATGAG
AGCCTGGTGGACCGCTGGATCCGCAGCCGCCTGACAGAGGCTGTGAGGCTCAGCAATCAA
GGCTTCCAGGCCTACGACTTCCCGGCCGTCACCACTGCCCAGTACAGCTTCTGGCTCTAT
GAGCTCTGTGATGTCTACTTGGAGTGCCTGAAACCTGTACTGAATGGGGTGGACCAGGTG
GCAGCTGAGTGTGCCCGCCAGACCCTGTACACTTGCCTGGACGTTGGCCTGCGGCTGCTC
TCACCCTTCATGCCCTTCGTGACGGAGGAGCTGTTCCAGAGGCTGCCCCGGAGGATGCCG
CAAGCTCCCCCTAGCCTCTGTGTTACCCCCTACCCGGAGCCCTCAGAGTGCTCCTGGAAG
GACCCCGAGGCAGAAGCCGCCCTTGAGCTGGCGCTAAGCATCACGCGAGCCGTGCGCTCC
CTGCGGGCCGACTACAACCTCACCCGGATCCGGCCTGACTGTTTCCTGGAAGTGGCGGAT
GAGGCCACGGGCGCCCTGGCATCGGCGGTGTCGGGCTACGTGCAGGCCCTGGCCAGCGCA
GGTGTGGTGGCTGTTCTGGCCCTGGGGGCTCCCGCCCCCCAGGGTTGCGCTGTGGCTCTG
GCTTCTGATCGCTGCTCCATCCACCTGCAGCTTCAGGGGCTGGTGGACCCTGCACGGGAG
CTGGGCAAGCTGCAAGCCAAGCGAGTTGAGGCCCAGCGGCAGGCCCAGCGTCTGCGGGAA
CGCCGTGCTGCCTCGGGCTATCCTGTCAAGGTGCCGCTCGAAGTCCAGGAGGCAGATGAA
GCCAAGCTCCAACAGACAGAAGCAGAGCTCAGGAAGGTGGATGAGGCCATCGCCCTATTC
CAGAAGATGCTGTGA

1. Hsieh SL, Campbell RD: Evidence that gene G7a in the human major histocompatibility complex encodes valyl-tRNA synthetase. Biochem J. 1991 Sep 15;278 ( Pt 3):809-16. [PubMed ]
2. Xie T, Rowen L, Aguado B, Ahearn ME, Madan A, Qin S, Campbell RD, Hood L: Analysis of the gene-dense major histocompatibility complex class III region and its comparison to mouse. Genome Res. 2003 Dec;13(12):2621-36. [PubMed ]
3. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Vilalta A, Donovan D, Wood L, Vogeli G, Yang DC: Cloning, sequencing and expression of a cDNA encoding mammalian valyl-tRNA synthetase. Gene. 1993 Jan 30;123(2):181-6. [PubMed ]
6. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed ]
7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. Valine--tRNA ligase
2. ValRS
3. Valyl-tRNA synthetase-like

MPHLPLASFRPPFWGLRHSRGLPRFHSVSTQSEPHGSPISRRNREAKQKRLREKQATLEA
EIAGESKSPAESIKAWRPKELVLYEIPTKPGEKKDVSGPLPPAYSPRYVEAAWYPWWVRE
GFFKPEYQARLPQATGETFSMCIPPPNVTGSLHIGHALTVAIQDALVRWHRMRGDQVLWV
PGSDHAGIATQAVVEKQLWKERGVRRHELSREAFLREVWQWKEAKGGEICEQLRALGASL
DWDRECFTMDVGSSVAVTEAFVRLYKAGLLYRNHQLVNWSCALRSAISDIEVENRPLPGH
TQLRLPGCPTPVSFGLLFSVAFPVDGEPDAEVVVGTTRPETLPGDVAVAVHPDDSRYTHL
HGRQLRHPLMGQPLPLITDYAVQPHVGTGAVKVTPAHSPADAEMGARHGLSPLNVIAEDG
TMTSLCGDWLQGLHRFVAREKIMSVLSEWGLFRGLQNHPMVLPICSRSGDVIEYLLKNQW
FVRCQEMGARAAKAVESGALELSPSFHQKNWQHWFSHIGDWCVSRQLWWGHQIPAYLVVE
DHAQGEEDCWVVGRSEAEAREVAAELTGRPGAELTLERDPDVLDTWFSSALFPFSALGWP
QETPDLARFYPLSLLETGSDLLLFWVGRMVMLGTQLTGQLPFSKVLLHPMVRDRQGRKMS
KSLGNVLDPRDIISGVEMQVLQEKLRSGNLDPAELAIVAAAQKKDFPHGIPECGTDALRF
TLCSHGVQAGDLHLSVSEVQSCRHFCNKIWNALRFILNALGEKFVPQPAEELSPSSPMDA
WILSRLALAAQECERGFLTRELSLVTHALHHFWLHNLCDVYLEAVKPVLWHSPRPLGPPQ
VLFSCADLGLRLLAPLMPFLAEELWQRLPPRPGCPPAPSISVAPYPSACSLEHWRQPELE
RRFSRVQEVVQVLRALRATYQLTKARPRVLLQSSEPGDQGLFEAFLEPLGTLGYCGAVGL
LPPGAAAPSGWAQAPLSDTAQVYMELQGLVDPQIQLPLLAARRYKLQKQLDSLTARTPSE
GEAGTQRQQKLSSLQLELSKLDKAASHLRQLMDEPPAPGSPEL

• ATP + L-valine + tRNAVal = AMP + diphosphate + L-valyl-tRNAVal [RN:R03665]

• Anticodon_1 (PF08264 )
• tRNA-synt_1 (PF00133 )

• None

• None

ATGCCTCATTTGCCTCTCGCCTCTTTTCGACCACCATTTTGGGGGCTGAGGCACTCACGG
GGCCTCCCCAGGTTTCACTCCGTTTCTACACAGTCGGAGCCCCATGGATCTCCCATCTCC
CGGAGGAACCGTGAAGCCAAACAGAAGCGCCTGCGAGAGAAGCAGGCGACTCTGGAGGCT
GAGATAGCAGGGGAGAGCAAGTCACCTGCAGAATCCATTAAGGCCTGGAGGCCTAAGGAG
TTAGTATTGTATGAAATCCCTACGAAACCCGGTGAAAAGAAAGATGTCTCTGGGCCCCTG
CCTCCTGCATACAGCCCCCGATATGTTGAGGCTGCCTGGTACCCGTGGTGGGTACGAGAG
GGCTTCTTCAAACCAGAATATCAGGCCCGGCTGCCCCAAGCTACAGGGGAGACCTTTTCC
ATGTGTATCCCACCTCCCAATGTCACTGGCTCCCTGCACATTGGCCACGCACTCACGGTG
GCCATACAGGATGCCCTCGTGCGCTGGCACCGGATGCGTGGGGATCAAGTGCTGTGGGTC
CCTGGTTCAGATCATGCAGGAATTGCTACACAAGCTGTGGTGGAGAAACAACTGTGGAAG
GAACGGGGAGTGAGGAGACATGAGCTGAGCCGGGAGGCCTTCCTTAGGGAGGTGTGGCAG
TGGAAGGAGGCGAAAGGTGGAGAGATCTGTGAGCAGCTGCGAGCTCTGGGTGCCTCCCTG
GACTGGGATCGAGAGTGTTTTACCATGGATGTTGGCTCCTCAGTGGCTGTGACTGAAGCT
TTTGTGCGGCTCTACAAGGCGGGGTTGCTGTACCGGAACCATCAGCTTGTCAACTGGTCA
TGTGCTTTAAGATCAGCCATCTCGGACATTGAGGTGGAGAACCGGCCCCTGCCTGGCCAC
ACACAGCTTCGACTGCCTGGCTGCCCCACCCCCGTGTCTTTTGGCCTCCTATTTTCTGTT
GCCTTCCCCGTGGATGGAGAGCCTGATGCAGAGGTTGTGGTAGGAACCACAAGGCCAGAG
ACGCTGCCTGGAGATGTGGCTGTGGCCGTTCATCCAGACGACTCGCGATACACACATCTA
CACGGGCGACAGCTTCGTCACCCCTTGATGGGGCAGCCTCTTCCCCTCATCACAGACTAT
GCTGTTCAGCCACATGTGGGCACGGGGGCAGTGAAGGTGACTCCAGCTCACAGTCCTGCC
GATGCTGAGATGGGGGCCCGACATGGCTTGAGCCCCTTGAATGTCATTGCGGAGGATGGG
ACCATGACCTCCCTCTGCGGGGACTGGCTGCAGGGTCTTCACCGGTTTGTGGCCCGGGAA
AAGATAATGTCTGTGCTGAGTGAATGGGGCCTGTTCCGGGGCCTCCAGAACCACCCCATG
GTACTGCCCATCTGCAGCCGTTCTGGGGATGTGATAGAATACCTGCTGAAGAACCAGTGG
TTTGTCCGCTGCCAGGAAATGGGGGCCCGAGCTGCCAAGGCTGTGGAGTCGGGGGCCCTG
GAGCTCAGTCCCTCCTTCCACCAGAAGAACTGGCAGCACTGGTTTTCCCATATTGGGGAC
TGGTGTGTCTCCCGGCAGCTGTGGTGGGGCCATCAGATTCCAGCCTACCTGGTTGTAGAG
GACCATGCGCAGGGAGAAGAGGACTGTTGGGTGGTTGGGCGGTCAGAGGCTGAGGCCAGA
GAGGTAGCAGCGGAACTGACAGGGAGGCCAGGGGCAGAGCTGACCCTGGAGAGGGATCCT
GATGTCCTAGACACATGGTTTTCTTCTGCCCTGTTCCCCTTTTCTGCCCTGGGCTGGCCC
CAAGAGACCCCAGACCTTGCTCGTTTCTACCCCCTGTCACTTTTGGAAACGGGCAGCGAC
CTTCTGCTGTTCTGGGTGGGCCGCATGGTCATGTTGGGGACCCAGCTCACAGGGCAGCTG
CCCTTCAGCAAGGTGCTTCTTCATCCCATGGTTCGGGACAGGCAGGGCCGGAAGATGAGC
AAGTCCCTGGGGAATGTGCTGGACCCAAGAGACATCATCAGTGGGGTGGAGATGCAGGTG
CTGCAGGAAAAGCTGAGAAGCGGAAATTTGGACCCTGCAGAGCTGGCCATTGTGGCTGCA
GCACAGAAAAAGGACTTTCCTCACGGGATCCCTGAGTGTGGGACAGATGCCCTGAGATTC
ACACTCTGCTCCCATGGAGTTCAGGCGGGCGACTTGCACCTGTCAGTCTCTGAGGTCCAG
AGCTGCCGACATTTCTGCAACAAGATCTGGAATGCTCTTCGCTTTATCCTCAATGCTTTA
GGGGAGAAATTTGTGCCACAGCCTGCTGAGGAGCTGTCTCCCTCCTCCCCGATGGATGCC
TGGATCCTGAGCCGCCTTGCCCTGGCTGCCCAGGAGTGTGAGCGGGGCTTCCTCACCCGA
GAGCTCTCGCTCGTCACTCATGCCCTGCACCACTTCTGGCTTCACAACCTCTGTGACGTC
TACCTGGAGGCTGTGAAGCCCGTGCTGTGGCACTCGCCCCGCCCCCTGGGGCCCCCTCAG
GTCCTGTTCTCCTGCGCTGACCTCGGCCTCCGCCTCCTGGCCCCACTGATGCCCTTCCTG
GCTGAAGAGCTCTGGCAGAGGCTGCCCCCCAGGCCTGGTTGCCCCCCTGCCCCCAGCATC
TCGGTTGCCCCCTACCCCAGCGCCTGCAGCTTGGAGCACTGGCGCCAGCCAGAGCTGGAG
CGGCGCTTCTCCCGGGTCCAAGAGGTCGTGCAGGTGCTAAGGGCTCTCCGAGCCACGTAC
CAGCTCACCAAAGCCCGGCCCCGAGTGCTGCTGCAGAGCTCAGAGCCTGGGGACCAGGGC
CTCTTCGAGGCCTTCTTGGAGCCCCTGGGCACCCTGGGCTACTGTGGGGCTGTGGGCCTG
TTACCCCCAGGCGCAGCAGCTCCCTCCGGCTGGGCCCAGGCTCCACTCAGTGACACGGCT
CAAGTCTACATGGAGCTGCAGGGCCTGGTGGACCCGCAGATCCAGCTACCTCTGTTAGCC
GCCCGAAGGTACAAGTTGCAGAAGCAGCTTGACAGCCTCACAGCCAGGACCCCATCAGAA
GGGGAGGCAGGGACTCAGAGGCAACAAAAGCTTTCTTCCCTCCAGCTGGAATTGTCAAAA
CTGGACAAGGCAGCCTCTCACCTCCGGCAGCTGATGGATGAGCCTCCAGCCCCAGGGAGC
CCGGAGCTCTAA

1. Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXI. The complete sequences of 60 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins. DNA Res. 2001 Aug 31;8(4):179-87. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]

MAAAALGQIWARKLLSVPWLLCGPRRYASSSFKAADLQLEMTQKPHKKPGPGEPLVFGKT
FTDHMLMVEWNDKGWGQPRIQPFQNLTLHPASSSLHYSLQLFEGMKAFKGKDQQVRLFRP
WLNMDRMLRSAMRLCLPSFDKLELLECIRRLIEVDKDWVPDAAGTSLYVRPVLIGNEPSL
GVSQPTRALLFVILCPVGAYFPGGSVTPVSLLADPAFIRAWVGGVGNYKLGGNYGPTVLV
QQEALKRGCEQVLWLYGPDHQLTEVGTMNIFVYWTHEDGVLELVTPPLNGVILPGVVRQS
LLDMAQTWGEFRVVERTITMKQLLRALEEGRVREVFGSGTACQVCPVHRILYKDRNLHIP
TMENGPELILRFQKELKEIQYGIRAHEWMFPV

• Aminotran_4 (PF01063 )

• None

• None

MSTLYVSPHPDAFPSLRALIAARYGEAGEGPGWGGAHPRICLQPPPTSRTPFPPPRLPAL
EQGPGGLWVWGATAVAQLLWPAGLGGPGGSRAAVLVQQWVSYADTELIPAACGATLPALG
LRSSAQDPQAVLGALGRALSPLEEWLRLHTYLAGEAPTLADLAAVTALLLPFRYVLDPPA
RRIWNNVTRWFVTCVRQPEFRAVLGEVVLYSGARPLSHQPGPEAPALPKTAAQLKKEAKK
REKLEKFQQKQKIQQQQPPPGEKKPKPEKREKRDPGVITYDLPTPPGEKKDVSGPMPDSY
SPRYVEAAWYPWWEQQGFFKPEYGRPNVSAANPRGVFMMCIPPPNVTGSLHLGHALTNAI
QDSLTRWHRMRGETTLWNPGCDHAGIATQVVVEKKLWREQGLSRHQLGREAFLQEVWKWK
EEKGDRIYHQLKKLGSSLDWDRACFTMDPKLSAAVTEAFVRLHEEGIIYRSTRLVNWSCT
LNSAISDIEVDKKELTGRTLLSVPGYKEKVEFGVLVSFAYKVQGSDSDEEVVVATTRIET
MLGDVAVAVHPKDTRYQHLKGKNVIHPFLSRSLPIVFDEFVDMDFGTGAVKITPAHDQND
YEVGQRHGLEAISIMDSRGALINVPPPFLGLPRFEARKAVLVALKERGLFRGIEDNPMVV
PLCNRSKDVVEPLLRPQWYVRCGEMAQAASAAVTRGDLRILPEAHQRTWHAWMDNIREWC
ISRQLWWGHRIPAYFVTVSDPAVPPGEDPDGRYWVSGRNEAEAREKAAKEFGVSPDKISL
QQDEDVLDTWFSSGLFPLSILGWPNQSEDLSVFYPGTLLETGHDILFFWVARMVMLGLKL
TGRLPFREVYLHAIVRDAHGRKMSKSLGNVIDPLDVIYGISLQGLHNQLLNSNLDPSEVE
KAKEGQKADFPAGIPECGTDALRFGLCAYMSQGRDINLDVNRILGYRHFCNKLWNATKFA
LRGLGKGFVPSPTSQPGGHESLVDRWIRSRLTEAVRLSNQGFQAYDFPAVTTAQYSFWLY
ELCDVYLECLKPVLNGVDQVAAECARQTLYTCLDVGLRLLSPFMPFVTEELFQRLPRRMP
QAPPSLCVTPYPEPSECSWKDPEAEAALELALSITRAVRSLRADYNLTRIRPDCFLEVAD
EATGALASAVSGYVQALASAGVVAVLALGAPAPQGCAVALASDRCSIHLQLQGLVDPARE
LGKLQAKRVEAQRQAQRLRERRAASGYPVKVPLEVQEADEAKLQQTEAELRKVDEAIALF
QKML

• Anticodon_1 (PF08264 )
• GST_C (PF00043 )
• GST_N (PF02798 )
• tRNA-synt_1 (PF00133 )

• None

• None