1. (-)-tryptophan
2. (2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid
3. (S)-1H-Indole-3-alanine
4. (S)-2-Amino-3-(3-indolyl)propionic acid
5. (S)-a-Amino-1H-indole-3-propanoate
6. (S)-a-Amino-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid
7. (S)-a-Aminoindole-3-propionate
8. (S)-a-Aminoindole-3-propionic acid
9. (S)-alpha-Amino-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid
10. (S)-alpha-Amino-beta-(3-indolyl)-propionic acid
11. (S)-alpha-Aminoindole-3-propionic acid
12. (l)-tryptophan
13. (s)-a-amino-b-indolepropionate
14. (s)-a-amino-b-indolepropionic acid
15. (s)-alpha-amino-beta-indolepropionic acid
16. (s)-tryptophan
17. 1-beta-3-Indolylalanine
18. 1H-Indole-3-Alanine
19. 1beta-3-Indolylalanine
20. 2-Amino-3-indolylpropanoate
21. 2-Amino-3-indolylpropanoic acid
22. 3-Indol-3-ylalanine
23. Ardeytropin
24. H-TRP-oh
25. Indole-3-alanine
26. Kalma
27. L-(-)-tryptophan
28. L-Tryptophan
29. 3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-L-Alanine
30. L-alpha-amino-3-indolepropionic acid
31. L-alpha-aminoindole-3-propionic acid
32. L-beta-3-indolylalanine
33. L-tryptofan
34. L-tryptophane
35. Lopac-T-0254
36. Lyphan
37. Optimax
38. Pacitron
39. Sedanoct
40. Triptofano
41. Trofan
42. Tryptacin
43. Tryptan
44. Tryptophan
45. Tryptophane
46. Tryptophanum
47. alpha'-Amino-3-indolepropionic acid
48. alpha-Aminoindole-3-propionic acid
49. l-b-3-Indolylalanine
50. (S)-alpha-Amino-1H-indole-3-propanoate
51. (S)-alpha-Aminoindole-3-propionate
52. (s)-alpha-amino-beta-indolepropionate
53. (2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoate

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• Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
• Extracellular

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Saliva
• Urine

• 104300 (Alzheimer's disease)
• 229300 (Friedreich's ataxia)
• 234500 (Hartnup disease)
• 182601 (Hereditary spastic paraplegia)
• 218700 (Hypothyroidism)
• 181500 (Schizophrenia)

1. Jonas AJ, Butler IJ: Circumvention of defective neutral amino acid transport in Hartnup disease using tryptophan ethyl ester. J Clin Invest. 1989 Jul;84(1):200-4. [PubMed ]
2. Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14. [PubMed ]
3. Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6. [PubMed ]
4. Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24. [PubMed ]
5. Guchhait RB, Janson C, Price WH: Validity of plasma factor in schizophrenia as measured by tryptophan uptake. Biol Psychiatry. 1975 Jun;10(3):303-14. [PubMed ]
6. Sjoberg S, Eriksson M, Nordin C: L-thyroxine treatment and neurotransmitter levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of hypothyroid patients: a pilot study. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998 Nov;139(5):493-7. [PubMed ]
7. Koskiniemi M, Laakso J, Kuurne T, Laipio M, Harkonen M: Indole levels in human lumbar and ventricular cerebrospinal fluid and the effect of L-tryptophan administration. Acta Neurol Scand. 1985 Feb;71(2):127-32. [PubMed ]
8. Kennedy JS, Gwirtsman HE, Schmidt DE, Johnson BW, Fielstein E, Salomon RM, Shiavi RG, Ebert MH, Parris WC, Loosen PT: Serial cerebrospinal fluid tryptophan and 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid concentrations in healthy human subjects. Life Sci. 2002 Aug 23;71(14):1703-15. [PubMed ]
9. Bender KI, Lutsevich NF, Lutsevich AN, Kupchikov VV: [Endogenous metabolites as modulators of the transport of drugs by serum albumin] Farmakol Toksikol. 1990 May-Jun;53(3):72-80. [PubMed ]
10. Eklundh T, Eriksson M, Sjoberg S, Nordin C: Monoamine precursors, transmitters and metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid: a prospective study in healthy male subjects. J Psychiatr Res. 1996 May-Jun;30(3):201-8. [PubMed ]
11. Heiman-Patterson TD, Bird SJ, Parry GJ, Varga J, Shy ME, Culligan NW, Edelsohn L, Tatarian GT, Heyes MP, Garcia CA, et al.: Peripheral neuropathy associated with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. Ann Neurol. 1990 Oct;28(4):522-8. [PubMed ]
12. Talbert AM, Tranter GE, Holmes E, Francis PL: Determination of drug-plasma protein binding kinetics and equilibria by chromatographic profiling: exemplification of the method using L-tryptophan and albumin. Anal Chem. 2002 Jan 15;74(2):446-52. [PubMed ]
13. Dunner DL, Heiber S, Perel JM: The effect of L-tryptophan administration on the concentration of probenecid in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in patients. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1977 Aug 16;53(3):305-8. [PubMed ]
14. Heyes MP, Saito K, Crowley JS, Davis LE, Demitrack MA, Der M, Dilling LA, Elia J, Kruesi MJ, Lackner A, et al.: Quinolinic acid and kynurenine pathway metabolism in inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurological disease. Brain. 1992 Oct;115 ( Pt 5):1249-73. [PubMed ]
15. George CF, Millar TW, Hanly PJ, Kryger MH: The effect of L-tryptophan on daytime sleep latency in normals: correlation with blood levels. Sleep. 1989 Aug;12(4):345-53. [PubMed ]
16. Buczko W, Cylwik D, Stokowska W: [Metabolism of tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway in saliva] Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2005;59:283-9. [PubMed ]
17. Gutsche B, Grun C, Scheutzow D, Herderich M: Tryptophan glycoconjugates in food and human urine. Biochem J. 1999 Oct 1;343 Pt 1:11-9. [PubMed ]
18. Wikipedia

1. Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
2. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1
3. Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
4. Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1
5. Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 2
6. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic
7. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial
8. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2
9. cDNA FLJ75236, highly similar to Human tryptophan oxygenase
10. cDNA, FLJ94340, Homo sapiens tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase 2 (mitochondrial)(WARS2), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA (Tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase 2 (Mitochondrial), isoform CRA_a)

1. AADC
2. DOPA decarboxylase
3. DDC

MNASEFRRRGKEMVDYVANYMEGIEGRQVYPDVEPGYLRPLIPAAAPQEPDTFEDIINDV
EKIIMPGVTHWHSPYFFAYFPTASSYPAMLADMLCGAIGCIGFSWAASPACTELETVMMD
WLGKMLELPKAFLNEKAGEGGGVIQGSASEATLVALLAARTKVIHRLQAASPELTQAAIM
EKLVAYSSDQAHSSVERAGLIGGVKLKAIPSDGNFAMRASALQEALERDKAAGLIPFFMV
ATLGTTTCCSFDNLLEVGPICNKEDIWLHVDAAYAGSAFICPEFRHLLNGVEFADSFNFN
PHKWLLVNFDCSAMWVKKRTDLTGAFRLDPTYLKHSHQDSGLITDYRHWQIPLGRRFRSL
KMWFVFRMYGVKGLQAYIRKHVQLSHEFESLVRQDPRFEICVEVILGLVCFRLKGSNKVN
EALLQRINSAKKIHLVPCHLRDKFVLRFAICSRTVESAHVQRAWEHIKELAADVLRAERE

• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )
• Indole and ipecac alkaloid biosynthesis (map00901 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )
• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )

• (1) 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine = dopamine + CO2 [RN:R02080]
• (2) 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan = 5-hydroxytryptamine + CO2 [RN:R02701]

• Pyridoxal_deC (PF00282 )

• None

• None

ATGAACGCAAGTGAATTCCGAAGGAGAGGGAAGGAGATGGTGGATTACGTGGCCAACTAC
ATGGAAGGCATTGAGGGACGCCAGGTCTACCCTGACGTGGAGCCCGGGTACCTGCGGCCG
CTGATCCCTGCCGCTGCCCCTCAGGAGCCAGACACGTTTGAGGACATCATCAACGACGTT
GAGAAGATAATCATGCCTGGGGTGACGCACTGGCACAGCCCCTACTTCTTCGCCTACTTC
CCCACTGCCAGCTCGTACCCGGCCATGCTTGCGGACATGCTGTGCGGGGCCATTGGCTGC
ATCGGCTTCTCCTGGGCGGCAAGCCCAGCATGCACAGAGCTGGAGACTGTGATGATGGAC
TGGCTCGGGAAGATGCTGGAACTACCAAAGGCATTTTTGAATGAGAAAGCTGGAGAAGGG
GGAGGAGTGATCCAGGGAAGTGCCAGTGAAGCCACCCTGGTGGCCCTGCTGGCCGCTCGG
ACCAAAGTGATCCATCGGCTGCAGGCAGCGTCCCCAGAGCTCACACAGGCCGCTATCATG
GAGAAGCTGGTGGCTTACTCATCCGATCAGGCACACTCCTCAGTGGAAAGAGCTGGGTTA
ATTGGTGGAGTGAAATTAAAAGCCATCCCCTCAGATGGCAACTTCGCCATGCGTGCGTCT
GCCCTGCAGGAAGCCCTGGAGAGAGACAAAGCGGCTGGCCTGATTCCTTTCTTTATGGTT
GCCACCCTGGGGACCACAACATGCTGCTCCTTTGACAATCTCTTAGAAGTCGGTCCTATC
TGCAACAAGGAAGACATATGGCTGCACGTTGATGCAGCCTACGCAGGCAGTGCATTCATC
TGCCCTGAGTTCCGGCACCTTCTGAATGGAGTGGAGTTTGCAGATTCATTCAACTTTAAT
CCCCACAAATGGCTATTGGTGAATTTTGACTGTTCTGCCATGTGGGTGAAAAAGAGAACA
GACTTAACGGGAGCCTTTAGACTGGACCCCACTTACCTGAAGCACAGCCATCAGGATTCA
GGGCTTATCACTGACTACCGGCATTGGCAGATACCACTGGGCAGAAGATTTCGCTCTTTG
AAAATGTGGTTTGTATTTAGGATGTATGGAGTCAAAGGACTGCAGGCTTATATCCGCAAG
CATGTCCAGCTGTCCCATGAGTTTGAGTCACTGGTGCGCCAGGATCCCCGCTTTGAAATC
TGTGTGGAAGTCATTCTGGGGCTTGTCTGCTTTCGGCTAAAGGGTTCCAACAAAGTGAAT
GAAGCTCTTCTGCAAAGAATAAACAGTGCCAAAAAAATCCACTTGGTTCCATGTCACCTC
AGGGACAAGTTTGTCCTGCGCTTTGCCATCTGTTCTCGCACGGTGGAATCTGCCCATGTG
CAGCGGGCCTGGGAACACATCAAAGAGCTGGCGGCCGACGTGCTGCGAGCAGAGAGGGAG
TAG

1. Ichinose H, Kurosawa Y, Titani K, Fujita K, Nagatsu T: Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Nov 15;164(3):1024-30. [PubMed ]
2. Scherer LJ, McPherson JD, Wasmuth JJ, Marsh JL: Human dopa decarboxylase: localization to human chromosome 7p11 and characterization of hepatic cDNAs. Genomics. 1992 Jun;13(2):469-71. [PubMed ]
3. Sumi-Ichinose C, Ichinose H, Takahashi E, Hori T, Nagatsu T: Molecular cloning of genomic DNA and chromosomal assignment of the gene for human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, the enzyme for catecholamine and serotonin biosynthesis. Biochemistry. 1992 Mar 3;31(8):2229-38. [PubMed ]
4. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Le Van Thai A, Coste E, Allen JM, Palmiter RD, Weber MJ: Identification of a neuron-specific promoter of human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase gene. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1993 Mar;17(3-4):227-38. [PubMed ]
7. Craig SP, Thai AL, Weber M, Craig IW: Localisation of the gene for human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (DDC) to chromosome 7p13-->p11 by in situ hybridisation. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1992;61(2):114-6. [PubMed ]
8. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed ]
9. Chang YT, Sharma R, Marsh JL, McPherson JD, Bedell JA, Knust A, Brautigam C, Hoffmann GF, Hyland K: Levodopa-responsive aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Ann Neurol. 2004 Mar;55(3):435-8. [PubMed ]
10. Pons R, Ford B, Chiriboga CA, Clayton PT, Hinton V, Hyland K, Sharma R, De Vivo DC: Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: clinical features, treatment, and prognosis. Neurology. 2004 Apr 13;62(7):1058-65. [PubMed ]

1. IDO-1
2. Indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase

MAHAMENSWTISKEYHIDEEVGFALPNPQENLPDFYNDWMFIAKHLPDLIESGQLRERVE
KLNMLSIDHLTDHKSQRLARLVLGCITMAYVWGKGHGDVRKVLPRNIAVPYCQLSKKLEL
PPILVYADCVLANWKKKDPNKPLTYENMDVLFSFRDGDCSKGFFLVSLLVEIAAASAIKV
IPTVFKAMQMQERDTLLKALLEIASCLEKALQVFHQIHDHVNPKAFFSVLRIYLSGWKGN
PQLSDGLVYEGFWEDPKEFAGGSAGQSSVFQCFDVLLGIQQTAGGGHAAQFLQDMRRYMP
PAHRNFLCSLESNPSVREFVLSKGDAGLREAYDACVKALVSLRSYHLQIVTKYILIPASQ
QPKENKTSEDPSKLEAKGTGGTDLMNFLKTVRSTTEKSLLKEG

• (1) D-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-D-kynurenine [RN:R07362]
• (2) L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine [RN:R00678]

• IDO (PF01231 )

• None

• None

ATGGCACACGCTATGGAAAACTCCTGGACAATCAGTAAAGAGTACCATATTGATGAAGAA
GTGGGCTTTGCTCTGCCAAATCCACAGGAAAATCTACCTGATTTTTATAATGACTGGATG
TTCATTGCTAAACATCTGCCTGATCTCATAGAGTCTGGCCAGCTTCGAGAAAGAGTTGAG
AAGTTAAACATGCTCAGCATTGATCATCTCACAGACCACAAGTCACAGCGCCTTGCACGT
CTAGTTCTGGGATGCATCACCATGGCATATGTGTGGGGCAAAGGTCATGGAGATGTCCGT
AAGGTCTTGCCAAGAAATATTGCTGTTCCTTACTGCCAACTCTCCAAGAAACTGGAACTG
CCTCCTATTTTGGTTTATGCAGACTGTGTCTTGGCAAACTGGAAGAAAAAGGATCCTAAT
AAGCCCCTGACTTATGAGAACATGGACGTTTTGTTCTCATTTCGTGATGGAGACTGCAGT
AAAGGATTCTTCCTGGTCTCTCTATTGGTGGAAATAGCAGCTGCTTCTGCAATCAAAGTA
ATTCCTACTGTATTCAAGGCAATGCAAATGCAAGAACGGGACACTTTGCTAAAGGCGCTG
TTGGAAATAGCTTCTTGCTTGGAGAAAGCCCTTCAAGTGTTTCACCAAATCCACGATCAT
GTGAACCCAAAAGCATTTTTCAGTGTTCTTCGCATATATTTGTCTGGCTGGAAAGGCAAC
CCCCAGCTATCAGACGGTCTGGTGTATGAAGGGTTCTGGGAAGACCCAAAGGAGTTTGCA
GGGGGCAGTGCAGGCCAAAGCAGCGTCTTTCAGTGCTTTGACGTCCTGCTGGGCATCCAG
CAGACTGCTGGTGGAGGACATGCTGCTCAGTTCCTCCAGGACATGAGAAGATATATGCCA
CCAGCTCACAGGAACTTCCTGTGCTCATTAGAGTCAAATCCCTCAGTCCGTGAGTTTGTC
CTTTCAAAAGGTGATGCTGGCCTGCGGGAAGCTTATGACGCCTGTGTGAAAGCTCTGGTC
TCCCTGAGGAGCTACCATCTGCAAATCGTGACTAAGTACATCCTGATTCCTGCAAGCCAG
CAGCCAAAGGAGAATAAGACCTCTGAAGACCCTTCAAAACTGGAAGCCAAAGGAACTGGA
GGCACTGATTTAATGAATTTCCTGAAGACTGTGAGAAGTACAACTGAGAAATCCCTTTTG
AAGGAAGGTTAA

1. Dai W, Gupta SL: Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of human interferon-gamma-inducible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase cDNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Apr 16;168(1):1-8. [PubMed ]
2. Tone S, Takikawa O, Habara-Ohkubo A, Kadoya A, Yoshida R, Kido R: Primary structure of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase deduced from the nucleotide sequence of its cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jan 25;18(2):367. [PubMed ]
3. Kadoya A, Tone S, Maeda H, Minatogawa Y, Kido R: Gene structure of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Nov 30;189(1):530-6. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Metz R, Duhadaway JB, Kamasani U, Laury-Kleintop L, Muller AJ, Prendergast GC: Novel tryptophan catabolic enzyme IDO2 is the preferred biochemical target of the antitumor indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitory compound D-1-methyl-tryptophan. Cancer Res. 2007 Aug 1;67(15):7082-7. [PubMed ]
7. Yuasa HJ, Takubo M, Takahashi A, Hasegawa T, Noma H, Suzuki T: Evolution of vertebrate indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenases. J Mol Evol. 2007 Dec;65(6):705-14. Epub 2007 Nov 17. [PubMed ]
8. Sugimoto H, Oda S, Otsuki T, Hino T, Yoshida T, Shiro Y: Crystal structure of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: catalytic mechanism of O2 incorporation by a heme-containing dioxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 21;103(8):2611-6. Epub 2006 Feb 13. [PubMed ]

1. TDO
2. Tryptamin 2,3-dioxygenase
3. Tryptophan oxygenase
4. TO
5. TRPO
6. Tryptophan pyrrolase
7. Tryptophanase

MSGCPFLGNNFGYTFKKLPVEGSEEDKSQTGVNRASKGGLIYGNYLHLEKVLNAQELQSE
TKGNKIHDEHLFIITHQAYELWFKQILWELDSVREIFQNGHVRDERNMLKVVSRMHRVSV
ILKLLVQQFSILETMTALDFNDFREYLSPASGFQSLQFRLLENKIGVLQNMRVPYNRRHY
RDNFKGEENELLLKSEQEKTLLELVEAWLERTPGLEPHGFNFWGKLEKNITRGLEEEFIR
IQAKEESEEKEEQVAEFQKQKEVLLSLFDEKRHEHLLSKGERRLSYRALQGALMIYFYRE
EPRFQVPFQLLTSLMDIDSLMTKWRYNHVCMVHRMLGSKAGTGGSSGYHYLRSTVSDRYK
VFVDLFNLSTYLIPRHWIPKMNPTIHKFLYTAEYCDSSYFSSDESD

• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )

• L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine [RN:R00678]

• Trp_dioxygenase (PF03301 )

• None

• None

ATGAGTGGGTGCCCATTTTTAGGAAACAACTTTGGATATACTTTTAAAAAACTCCCCGTA
GAAGGCAGCGAAGAAGACAAATCACAAACTGGTGTGAATAGAGCCAGCAAAGGAGGTCTT
ATCTATGGGAACTACCTGCATTTGGAAAAAGTTTTGAATGCACAAGAACTGCAAAGTGAA
ACAAAAGGAAATAAAATCCATGATGAACATCTTTTTATCATAACTCATCAAGCTTATGAA
CTCTGGTTTAAGCAAATCCTCTGGGAGTTGGATTCTGTTCGAGAGATCTTTCAGAATGGC
CATGTCAGAGATGAAAGGAACATGCTTAAGGTTGTTTCTCGGATGCACCGAGTGTCAGTG
ATCCTGAAACTGCTGGTGCAGCAGTTTTCCATTCTGGAGACGATGACAGCCTTGGACTTC
AATGACTTCAGAGAGTACTTATCTCCAGCATCAGGCTTCCAGAGTTTGCAATTCCGACTA
TTAGAAAACAAGATAGGTGTTCTTCAGAACATGAGAGTCCCTTATAACAGAAGACATTAT
CGTGATAACTTCAAAGGAGAAGAAAATGAACTGCTACTTAAATCTGAGCAGGAAAAGACA
CTTCTGGAATTAGTGGAGGCATGGCTGGAAAGAACTCCAGGTTTAGAGCCACATGGATTT
AACTTCTGGGGAAAGCTTGAAAAAAATATCACCAGAGGCCTGGAAGAGGAATTCATAAGG
ATTCAGGCTAAAGAAGAGTCTGAAGAAAAAGAGGAACAGGTGGCTGAATTTCAGAAGCAA
AAAGAGGTGCTACTGTCCTTATTTGATGAGAAACGTCATGAACATCTCCTTAGTAAAGGT
GAAAGACGGCTGTCATACAGAGCACTTCAGGGAGCATTGATGATATATTTTTACAGGGAA
GAGCCTAGGTTCCAGGTGCCTTTTCAGTTGCTGACTTCTCTTATGGACATAGATTCACTG
ATGACCAAATGGAGATATAACCATGTGTGCATGGTGCACAGAATGCTGGGCAGCAAAGCT
GGCACCGGTGGTTCCTCAGGCTATCACTACCTGCGATCAACTGTGAGTGATAGGTACAAG
GTATTTGTAGATTTATTTAATCTTTCAACATACCTGATTCCCCGACACTGGATACCGAAG
ATGAACCCAACCATTCACAAATTTCTATATACAGCAGAATACTGTGATAGCTCCTACTTC
AGCAGTGATGAATCAGATTAA

1. Comings DE, Muhleman D, Dietz G, Sherman M, Forest GL: Sequence of human tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2): presence of a glucocorticoid response-like element composed of a GTT repeat and an intronic CCCCT repeat. Genomics. 1995 Sep 20;29(2):390-6. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Tao WA, Wollscheid B, O'Brien R, Eng JK, Li XJ, Bodenmiller B, Watts JD, Hood L, Aebersold R: Quantitative phosphoproteome analysis using a dendrimer conjugation chemistry and tandem mass spectrometry. Nat Methods. 2005 Aug;2(8):591-8. [PubMed ]

1. Tryptophan 5-monooxygenase 1

MIEDNKENKDHSLERGRASLIFSLKNEVGGLIKALKIFQEKHVNLLHIESRKSKRRNSEF
EIFVDCDINREQLNDIFHLLKSHTNVLSVNLPDNFTLKEDGMETVPWFPKKISDLDHCAN
RVLMYGSELDADHPGFKDNVYRKRRKYFADLAMNYKHGDPIPKVEFTEEEIKTWGTVFQE
LNKLYPTHACREYLKNLPLLSKYCGYREDNIPQLEDVSNFLKERTGFSIRPVAGYLSPRD
FLSGLAFRVFHCTQYVRHSSDPFYTPEPDTCHELLGHVPLLAEPSFAQFSQEIGLASLGA
SEEAVQKLATCYFFTVEFGLCKQDGQLRVFGAGLLSSISELKHALSGHAKVKPFDPKITC
KQECLITTFQDVYFVSESFEDAKEKMREFTKTIKRPFGVKYNPYTRSIQILKDTKSITSA
MNELQHDLDVVSDALAKVSRKPSI

• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )

• L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin [RN:R07213]

• ACT (PF01842 )
• Biopterin_H (PF00351 )

• None

• None

ATGATTGAAGACAATAAGGAGAACAAAGACCATTCCTTAGAAAGGGGAAGAGCAAGTCTC
ATTTTTTCCTTAAAGAATGAAGTTGGAGGACTTATAAAAGCCCTGAAAATCTTTCAGGAG
AAGCATGTGAATCTGTTACATATCGAGTCCCGAAAATCAAAAAGAAGAAACTCAGAATTT
GAGATTTTTGTTGACTGTGACATCAACAGAGAACAATTGAATGATATTTTTCATCTGCTG
AAGTCTCATACCAATGTTCTCTCTGTGAATCTACCAGATAATTTTACTTTGAAGGAAGAT
GGTATGGAAACTGTTCCTTGGTTTCCAAAGAAGATTTCTGACCTGGACCATTGTGCCAAC
AGAGTTCTGATGTATGGATCTGAACTAGATGCAGACCATCCTGGCTTCAAAGACAATGTC
TACCGTAAACGTCGAAAGTATTTTGCGGACTTGGCTATGAACTATAAACATGGAGACCCC
ATTCCAAAGGTTGAATTCACTGAAGAGGAGATTAAGACCTGGGGAACCGTATTCCAAGAG
CTCAACAAACTCTACCCAACCCATGCTTGCAGAGAGTATCTCAAAAACTTACCTTTGCTT
TCTAAATATTGTGGATATCGGGAGGATAATATCCCACAATTGGAAGATGTCTCCAACTTT
TTAAAAGAGCGTACAGGTTTTTCCATCCGTCCTGTGGCTGGTTACTTATCACCAAGAGAT
TTCTTATCAGGTTTAGCCTTTCGAGTTTTTCACTGCACTCAATATGTGAGACACAGTTCA
GATCCCTTCTATACCCCAGAGCCAGATACCTGCCATGAACTCTTAGGTCATGTCCCGCTT
TTGGCTGAACCTAGTTTTGCCCAATTCTCCCAAGAAATTGGCTTGGCTTCTCTTGGCGCT
TCAGAGGAGGCTGTTCAAAAACTGGCAACGTGCTACTTTTTCACTGTGGAGTTTGGTCTA
TGTAAACAAGATGGACAGCTAAGAGTCTTTGGTGCTGGCTTACTTTCTTCTATCAGTGAA
CTCAAACATGCACTTTCTGGACATGCCAAAGTAAAGCCCTTTGATCCCAAGATTACCTGC
AAACAGGAATGTCTTATCACAACTTTTCAAGATGTCTACTTTGTATCTGAAAGTTTTGAA
GATGCAAAGGAGAAGATGAGAGAATTTACCAAAACAATTAAGCGTCCATTTGGAGTGAAG
TATAATCCATATACACGGAGTATTCAGATCCTGAAAGACACCAAGAGCATAACCAGTGCC
ATGAATGAGCTGCAGCATGATCTCGATGTTGTCAGTGATGCCCTTGCTAAGGTCAGCAGG
AAGCCGAGTATCTAA

1. Boularand S, Darmon MC, Ganem Y, Launay JM, Mallet J: Complete coding sequence of human tryptophan hydroxylase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jul 25;18(14):4257. [PubMed ]
2. Tipper JP, Citron BA, Ribeiro P, Kaufman S: Cloning and expression of rabbit and human brain tryptophan hydroxylase cDNA in Escherichia coli. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1994 Dec;315(2):445-53. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Wang GA, Coon SL, Kaufman S: Alternative splicing at the 3'-cDNA of human tryptophan hydroxylase. J Neurochem. 1998 Oct;71(4):1769-72. [PubMed ]
5. Wang L, Erlandsen H, Haavik J, Knappskog PM, Stevens RC: Three-dimensional structure of human tryptophan hydroxylase and its implications for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin. Biochemistry. 2002 Oct 22;41(42):12569-74. [PubMed ]

1. Neuronal tryptophan hydroxylase
2. Tryptophan 5-monooxygenase 2

MQPAMMMFSSKYWARRGFSLDSAVPEEHQLLGSSTLNKPNSGKNDDKGNKGSSKREAATE
SGKTAVVFSLKNEVGGLVKALRLFQEKRVNMVHIESRKSRRRSSEVEIFVDCECGKTEFN
ELIQLLKFQTTIVTLNPPENIWTEEEELEDVPWFPRKISELDKCSHRVLMYGSELDADHP
GFKDNVYRQRRKYFVDVAMGYKYGQPIPRVEYTEEETKTWGVVFRELSKLYPTHACREYL
KNFPLLTKYCGYREDNVPQLEDVSMFLKERSGFTVRPVAGYLSPRDFLAGLAYRVFHCTQ
YIRHGSDPLYTPEPDTCHELLGHVPLLADPKFAQFSQEIGLASLGASDEDVQKLATCYFF
TIEFGLCKQEGQLRAYGAGLLSSIGELKHALSDKACVKAFDPKTTCLQECLITTFQEAYF
VSESFEEAKEKMRDFAKSITRPFSVYFNPYTQSIEILKDTRSIENVVQDLRSDLNTVCDA
LNKMNQYLGI

• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )

• L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin [RN:R07213]

• ACT (PF01842 )
• Biopterin_H (PF00351 )

• None

• None

ATGCAGCCAGCAATGATGATGTTTTCCAGTAAATACTGGGCACGGAGAGGGTTTTCCCTG
GATTCAGCAGTGCCCGAAGAGCATCAGCTACTTGGCAGCTCAACACTAAATAAACCTAAC
TCTGGCAAAAATGACGACAAAGGCAACAAGGGAAGCAGCAAACGTGAAGCTGCTACCGAA
AGTGGCAAGACAGCAGTTGTTTTCTCCTTGAAGAATGAAGTTGGTGGATTGGTAAAAGCA
CTGAGGCTCTTTCAGGAAAAACGTGTCAACATGGTTCATATTGAATCCAGGAAATCTCGG
CGAAGAAGTTCTGAGGTTGAAATCTTTGTGGACTGTGAGTGTGGGAAAACAGAATTCAAT
GAGCTCATTCAGTTGCTGAAATTTCAAACCACTATTGTGACGCTGAATCCTCCAGAGAAC
ATTTGGACAGAGGAAGAAGAGCTAGAGGATGTGCCCTGGTTCCCTCGGAAGATCTCTGAG
TTAGACAAATGCTCTCACAGAGTTCTCATGTATGGTTCTGAGCTTGATGCTGACCACCCA
GGATTTAAGGACAATGTCTATCGACAGAGAAGAAAGTATTTTGTGGATGTGGCCATGGGT
TATAAATATGGTCAGCCCATTCCCAGGGTGGAGTATACTGAAGAAGAAACTAAAACTTGG
GGTGTTGTATTCCGGGAGCTCTCCAAACTCTATCCCACTCATGCTTGCCGAGAGTATTTG
AAAAACTTCCCTCTGCTGACTAAATACTGTGGCTACAGAGAGGACAATGTGCCTCAACTC
GAAGATGTCTCCATGTTTCTGAAAGAAAGGTCTGGCTTCACGGTGAGGCCGGTGGCTGGA
TACCTGAGCCCACGAGACTTTCTGGCAGGACTGGCCTACAGAGTGTTCCACTGTACCCAG
TACATCCGGCATGGCTCAGATCCCCTCTACACCCCAGAACCAGACACATGCCATGAACTC
TTGGGACATGTTCCACTACTTGCGGATCCTAAGTTTGCTCAGTTTTCACAAGAAATAGGT
CTGGCGTCTCTGGGAGCATCAGATGAAGATGTTCAGAAACTAGCCACGTGCTATTTCTTC
ACAATCGAGTTTGGCCTTTGCAAGCAAGAAGGGCAACTGCGGGCATATGGAGCAGGACTC
CTTTCCTCCATTGGAGAATTAAAGCACGCCCTTTCTGACAAGGCATGTGTGAAAGCCTTT
GACCCAAAGACAACTTGCTTACAGGAATGCCTTATCACCACCTTCCAGGAAGCCTACTTT
GTTTCAGAAAGTTTTGAAGAAGCCAAAGAAAAGATGAGGGACTTTGCAAAGTCAATTACC
CGTCCCTTCTCAGTATACTTCAATCCCTACACACAGAGTATTGAAATTCTGAAAGACACC
AGAAGTATTGAAAATGTGGTGCAGGACCTTCGCAGCGACTTGAATACAGTGTGTGATGCT
TTAAACAAAATGAACCAATATCTGGGGATTTGA

1. Walther DJ, Peter JU, Bashammakh S, Hortnagl H, Voits M, Fink H, Bader M: Synthesis of serotonin by a second tryptophan hydroxylase isoform. Science. 2003 Jan 3;299(5603):76. [PubMed ]
2. Scherer SE, Muzny DM, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Montgomery KT, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Lovering RC, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Draper H, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Havlak P, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Li L, Li Z, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Plopper FJ, Santibanez J, Shen H, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang Q, Williams GA, Zhang J, Zhou J, Allen CC, Amin AG, Anyalebechi V, Bailey M, Barbaria JA, Bimage KE, Bryant NP, Burch PE, Burkett CE, Burrell KL, Calderon E, Cardenas V, Carter K, Casias K, Cavazos I, Cavazos SR, Ceasar H, Chacko J, Chan SN, Chavez D, Christopoulos C, Chu J, Cockrell R, Cox CD, Dang M, Dathorne SR, David R, Davis CM, Davy-Carroll L, Deshazo DR, Donlin JE, D'Souza L, Eaves KA, Egan A, Emery-Cohen AJ, Escotto M, Flagg N, Forbes LD, Gabisi AM, Garza M, Hamilton C, Henderson N, Hernandez O, Hines S, Hogues ME, Huang M, Idlebird DG, Johnson R, Jolivet A, Jones S, Kagan R, King LM, Leal B, Lebow H, Lee S, LeVan JM, Lewis LC, London P, Lorensuhewa LM, Loulseged H, Lovett DA, Lucier A, Lucier RL, Ma J, Madu RC, Mapua P, Martindale AD, Martinez E, Massey E, Mawhiney S, Meador MG, Mendez S, Mercado C, Mercado IC, Merritt CE, Miner ZL, Minja E, Mitchell T, Mohabbat F, Mohabbat K, Montgomery B, Moore N, Morris S, Munidasa M, Ngo RN, Nguyen NB, Nickerson E, Nwaokelemeh OO, Nwokenkwo S, Obregon M, Oguh M, Oragunye N, Oviedo RJ, Parish BJ, Parker DN, Parrish J, Parks KL, Paul HA, Payton BA, Perez A, Perrin W, Pickens A, Primus EL, Pu LL, Puazo M, Quiles MM, Quiroz JB, Rabata D, Reeves K, Ruiz SJ, Shao H, Sisson I, Sonaike T, Sorelle RP, Sutton AE, Svatek AF, Svetz LA, Tamerisa KS, Taylor TR, Teague B, Thomas N, Thorn RD, Trejos ZY, Trevino BK, Ukegbu ON, Urban JB, Vasquez LI, Vera VA, Villasana DM, Wang L, Ward-Moore S, Warren JT, Wei X, White F, Williamson AL, Wleczyk R, Wooden HS, Wooden SH, Yen J, Yoon L, Yoon V, Zorrilla SE, Nelson D, Kucherlapati R, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12. Nature. 2006 Mar 16;440(7082):346-51. [PubMed ]
3. Molina H, Horn DM, Tang N, Mathivanan S, Pandey A: Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2199-204. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed ]
4. Cichon S, Winge I, Mattheisen M, Georgi A, Karpushova A, Freudenberg J, Freudenberg-Hua Y, Babadjanova G, Van Den Bogaert A, Abramova LI, Kapiletti S, Knappskog PM, McKinney J, Maier W, Jamra RA, Schulze TG, Schumacher J, Propping P, Rietschel M, Haavik J, Nothen MM: Brain-specific tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2): a functional Pro206Ser substitution and variation in the 5'-region are associated with bipolar affective disorder. Hum Mol Genet. 2008 Jan 1;17(1):87-97. Epub 2007 Sep 27. [PubMed ]
5. Zhang X, Gainetdinov RR, Beaulieu JM, Sotnikova TD, Burch LH, Williams RB, Schwartz DA, Krishnan KR, Caron MG: Loss-of-function mutation in tryptophan hydroxylase-2 identified in unipolar major depression. Neuron. 2005 Jan 6;45(1):11-6. [PubMed ]
6. McKinney J, Johansson S, Halmoy A, Dramsdahl M, Winge I, Knappskog PM, Haavik J: A loss-of-function mutation in tryptophan hydroxylase 2 segregating with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Apr;13(4):365-7. [PubMed ]
7. McKinney JA, Turel B, Winge I, Knappskog PM, Haavik J: Functional properties of missense variants of human tryptophan hydroxylase 2. Hum Mutat. 2009 May;30(5):787-94. [PubMed ]

1. Interferon-induced protein 53
2. IFP53
3. Tryptophan--tRNA ligase
4. TrpRS
5. hWRS
6. T1-TrpRS
7. T2-TrpRS

MPNSEPASLLELFNSIATQGELVRSLKAGNASKDEIDSAVKMLVSLKMSYKAAAGEDYKA
DCPPGNPAPTSNHGPDATEAEEDFVDPWTVQTSSAKGIDYDKLIVRFGSSKIDKELINRI
ERATGQRPHHFLRRGIFFSHRDMNQVLDAYENKKPFYLYTGRGPSSEAMHVGHLIPFIFT
KWLQDVFNVPLVIQMTDDEKYLWKDLTLDQAYSYAVENAKDIIACGFDINKTFIFSDLDY
MGMSSGFYKNVVKIQKHVTFNQVKGIFGFTDSDCIGKISFPAIQAAPSFSNSFPQIFRDR
TDIQCLIPCAIDQDPYFRMTRDVAPRIGYPKPALLHSTFFPALQGAQTKMSASDPNSSIF
LTDTAKQIKTKVNKHAFSGGRDTIEEHRQFGGNCDVDVSFMYLTFFLEDDDKLEQIRKDY
TSGAMLTGELKKALIEVLQPLIAEHQARRKEVTDEIVKEFMTPRKLSFDFQ

• Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (map00970 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )

• ATP + L-tryptophan + tRNATrp = AMP + diphosphate + L-tryptophyl-tRNATrp [RN:R03664]

• tRNA-synt_1b (PF00579 )
• WHEP-TRS (PF00458 )

• None

• None

ATGCCCAACAGTGAGCCCGCATCTCTGCTGGAGCTGTTCAACAGCATCGCCACACAAGGG
GAGCTCGTAAGGTCCCTCAAAGCGGGAAATGCGTCAAAGGATGAAATTGATTCTGCAGTA
AAGATGTTGGTGTCATTAAAAATGAGCTACAAAGCTGCCGCGGGGGAGGATTACAAGGCT
GACTGTCCTCCAGGGAACCCAGCACCTACCAGTAATCATGGCCCAGATGCCACAGAAGCT
GAAGAGGATTTTGTGGACCCATGGACAGTACAGACAAGCAGTGCAAAAGGCATAGACTAC
GATAAGCTCATTGTTCGGTTTGGAAGTAGTAAAATTGACAAAGAGCTAATAAACCGAATA
GAGAGAGCCACCGGCCAAAGACCACACCACTTCCTGCGCAGAGGCATCTTCTTCTCACAC
AGAGATATGAATCAGGTTCTTGATGCCTATGAAAATAAGAAGCCATTTTATCTGTACACG
GGCCGGGGCCCCTCTTCTGAAGCAATGCATGTAGGTCACCTCATTCCATTTATTTTCACA
AAGTGGCTCCAGGATGTATTTAACGTGCCCTTGGTGATCCAGATGACGGATGACGAGAAG
TATCTGTGGAAGGACCTGACCCTGGACCAGGCCTATAGCTATGCTGTGGAGAATGCCAAG
GACATCATCGCCTGTGGCTTTGACATCAACAAGACTTTCATATTCTCTGACCTGGACTAC
ATGGGGATGAGCTCAGGTTTCTACAAAAATGTGGTGAAGATTCAAAAGCATGTTACCTTC
AACCAAGTGAAAGGCATTTTCGGCTTCACTGACAGCGACTGCATTGGGAAGATCAGTTTT
CCTGCCATCCAGGCTGCTCCCTCCTTCAGCAACTCATTCCCACAGATCTTCCGAGACAGG
ACGGATATCCAGTGCCTTATCCCATGTGCCATTGACCAGGATCCTTACTTTAGAATGACA
AGGGACGTCGCCCCCAGGATCGGCTATCCTAAACCAGCCCTGTTGCACTCCACCTTCTTC
CCAGCCCTGCAGGGCGCCCAGACCAAAATGAGTGCCAGCGACCCCAACTCCTCCATCTTC
CTCACCGACACGGCCAAGCAGATCAAAACCAAGGTCAATAAGCATGCGTTTTCTGGAGGG
AGAGACACCATCGAGGAGCACAGGCAGTTTGGGGGCAACTGTGATGTGGACGTGTCTTTC
ATGTACCTGACCTTCTTCCTCGAGGACGACGACAAGCTCGAGCAGATCAGGAAGGATTAC
ACCAGCGGAGCCATGCTCACCGGTGAGCTCAAGAAGGCACTCATAGAGGTTCTGCAGCCC
TTGATCGCAGAGCACCAGGCCCGGCGCAAGGAGGTCACGGATGAGATAGTGAAAGAGTTC
ATGACTCCCCGGAAGCTGTCCTTCGACTTTCAGTAG

1. Rubin BY, Anderson SL, Xing L, Powell RJ, Tate WP: Interferon induces tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase expression in human fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 1991 Dec 25;266(36):24245-8. [PubMed ]
2. Fleckner J, Rasmussen HH, Justesen J: Human interferon gamma potently induces the synthesis of a 55-kDa protein (gamma 2) highly homologous to rabbit peptide chain release factor and bovine tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 15;88(24):11520-4. [PubMed ]
3. Frolova LYu, Sudomoina MA, Grigorieva AYu, Zinovieva OL, Kisselev LL: Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the structural gene encoding for human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. Gene. 1991 Dec 30;109(2):291-6. [PubMed ]
4. Buwitt U, Flohr T, Bottger EC: Molecular cloning and characterization of an interferon induced human cDNA with sequence homology to a mammalian peptide chain release factor. EMBO J. 1992 Feb;11(2):489-96. [PubMed ]
5. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
6. Heilig R, Eckenberg R, Petit JL, Fonknechten N, Da Silva C, Cattolico L, Levy M, Barbe V, de Berardinis V, Ureta-Vidal A, Pelletier E, Vico V, Anthouard V, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Sun H, Du H, Pepin K, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Cruaud C, Bruls T, Jaillon O, Friedlander L, Samson G, Brottier P, Cure S, Segurens B, Aniere F, Samain S, Crespeau H, Abbasi N, Aiach N, Boscus D, Dickhoff R, Dors M, Dubois I, Friedman C, Gouyvenoux M, James R, Madan A, Mairey-Estrada B, Mangenot S, Martins N, Menard M, Oztas S, Ratcliffe A, Shaffer T, Trask B, Vacherie B, Bellemere C, Belser C, Besnard-Gonnet M, Bartol-Mavel D, Boutard M, Briez-Silla S, Combette S, Dufosse-Laurent V, Ferron C, Lechaplais C, Louesse C, Muselet D, Magdelenat G, Pateau E, Petit E, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Trybou A, Vega-Czarny N, Bataille E, Bluet E, Bordelais I, Dubois M, Dumont C, Guerin T, Haffray S, Hammadi R, Muanga J, Pellouin V, Robert D, Wunderle E, Gauguet G, Roy A, Sainte-Marthe L, Verdier J, Verdier-Discala C, Hillier L, Fulton L, McPherson J, Matsuda F, Wilson R, Scarpelli C, Gyapay G, Wincker P, Saurin W, Quetier F, Waterston R, Hood L, Weissenbach J: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. 2003 Feb 6;421(6923):601-7. Epub 2003 Jan 1. [PubMed ]
7. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
8. Sokolova IV, Narovlianskii AN, Amchenkova AM, Turpaev KT: [Alternative splicing of 5'-terminal exons of the human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase gene] Mol Biol (Mosk). 1996 Mar-Apr;30(2):319-29. [PubMed ]
9. Frolova LY, Grigorieva AY, Sudomoina MA, Kisselev LL: The human gene encoding tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase: interferon-response elements and exon-intron organization. Gene. 1993 Jun 30;128(2):237-45. [PubMed ]
10. Reano A, Richard MH, Denoroy L, Viac J, Benedetto JP, Schmitt D: Gamma interferon potently induces tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase expression in human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 1993 Jun;100(6):775-9. [PubMed ]
11. Wakasugi K, Slike BM, Hood J, Otani A, Ewalt KL, Friedlander M, Cheresh DA, Schimmel P: A human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase as a regulator of angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jan 8;99(1):173-7. Epub 2002 Jan 2. [PubMed ]
12. Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, Gesser B, Celis JE, Vandekerckhove J: Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Electrophoresis. 1992 Dec;13(12):960-9. [PubMed ]
13. Bange FC, Flohr T, Buwitt U, Bottger EC: An interferon-induced protein with release factor activity is a tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. FEBS Lett. 1992 Mar 30;300(2):162-6. [PubMed ]
14. Tolstrup AB, Bejder A, Fleckner J, Justesen J: Transcriptional regulation of the interferon-gamma-inducible tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase includes alternative splicing. J Biol Chem. 1995 Jan 6;270(1):397-403. [PubMed ]
15. Otani A, Slike BM, Dorrell MI, Hood J, Kinder K, Ewalt KL, Cheresh D, Schimmel P, Friedlander M: A fragment of human TrpRS as a potent antagonist of ocular angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jan 8;99(1):178-83. Epub 2002 Jan 2. [PubMed ]
16. Tzima E, Reader JS, Irani-Tehrani M, Ewalt KL, Schwartz MA, Schimmel P: Biologically active fragment of a human tRNA synthetase inhibits fluid shear stress-activated responses of endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Dec 9;100(25):14903-7. Epub 2003 Nov 20. [PubMed ]
17. Wakasugi K, Nakano T, Morishima I: Oxidative stress-responsive intracellular regulation specific for the angiostatic form of human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. Biochemistry. 2005 Jan 11;44(1):225-32. [PubMed ]
18. Kim JE, Tannenbaum SR, White FM: Global phosphoproteome of HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. J Proteome Res. 2005 Jul-Aug;4(4):1339-46. [PubMed ]
19. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
20. Yang XL, Otero FJ, Skene RJ, McRee DE, Schimmel P, Ribas de Pouplana L: Crystal structures that suggest late development of genetic code components for differentiating aromatic side chains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Dec 23;100(26):15376-80. Epub 2003 Dec 11. [PubMed ]
21. Yu Y, Liu Y, Shen N, Xu X, Xu F, Jia J, Jin Y, Arnold E, Ding J: Crystal structure of human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase catalytic fragment: insights into substrate recognition, tRNA binding, and angiogenesis activity. J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 27;279(9):8378-88. Epub 2003 Dec 5. [PubMed ]
22. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. (Mt)TrpRS
2. Tryptophan--tRNA ligase
3. TrpRS

MALHSMRKARERWSFIRALHKGSAAAPALQKDSKKRVFSGIQPTGILHLGNYLGAIESWV
RLQDEYDSVLYSIVDLHSITVPQDPAVLRQSILDMTAVLLACGINPEKSILFQQSQVSEH
TQLSWILSCMVRLPRLQHLHQWKAKTTKQKHDGTVGLLTYPVLQAADILLYKSTHVPVGE
DQVQHMELVQDLAQGFNKKYGEFFPVPESILTSMKKVKSLRDPSAKMSKSDPDKLATVRI
TDSPEEIVQKFRKAVTDFTSEVTYDPAGRAGVSNIVAVHAAVTGLSVEEVVRRSAGMNTA
RYKLAVADAVIEKFAPIKREIEKLKLDKDHLEKVLQIGSAKAKELAYTVCQEVKKLVGFL

• Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (map00970 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )

• ATP + L-tryptophan + tRNATrp = AMP + diphosphate + L-tryptophyl-tRNATrp [RN:R03664]

• tRNA-synt_1b (PF00579 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGCTGCACTCAATGCGGAAAGCGCGTGAGCGCTGGAGCTTCATCCGGGCACTTCAT
AAGGGATCCGCAGCTGCTCCCGCTCTCCAGAAAGACAGCAAGAAGCGAGTATTTTCCGGC
ATTCAACCTACAGGAATCCTCCACCTGGGCAATTACCTGGGAGCCATTGAGAGCTGGGTG
AGGTTACAGGATGAATATGACTCTGTATTATACAGCATTGTTGACCTCCACTCCATTACT
GTCCCCCAAGACCCAGCTGTCCTTCGGCAGAGCATCCTGGACATGACTGCTGTTCTTCTT
GCCTGTGGCATAAACCCGGAAAAAAGCATCCTTTTCCAACAATCTCAGGTGTCTGAACAC
ACACAATTAAGTTGGATCCTTTCCTGCATGGTCAGACTACCTCGATTACAACATTTACAT
CAGTGGAAGGCAAAGACTACCAAGCAGAAGCACGATGGCACGGTGGGCCTGCTCACATAC
CCAGTACTCCAGGCAGCCGACATTCTGTTGTACAAGTCCACACACGTTCCTGTTGGGGAG
GATCAAGTCCAGCACATGGAACTAGTTCAGGATCTAGCACAAGGTTTCAACAAGAAGTAT
GGGGAGTTCTTTCCAGTGCCCGAGTCCATTCTCACATCCATGAAGAAGGTAAAATCCCTA
CGTGATCCTTCTGCCAAAATGTCGAAATCAGACCCTGACAAACTGGCCACCGTCCGAATA
ACAGACAGCCCAGAGGAGATAGTGCAGAAATTCCGCAAGGCTGTGACAGACTTCACCTCG
GAGGTCACCTATGACCCGGCTGGCCGCGCTGGCGTGTCCAACATAGTGGCGGTGCATGCC
GCGGTGACGGGGCTCTCCGTGGAGGAAGTGGTGCGCCGCAGCGCGGGCATGAACACTGCT
CGCTACAAGCTGGCCGTGGCAGATGCTGTGATTGAGAAGTTTGCCCCAATTAAGCGTGAA
ATTGAAAAACTGAAGCTGGACAAGGACCATTTAGAGAAGGTTTTACAAATTGGATCAGCA
AAAGCCAAAGAATTAGCATACACTGTGTGCCAGGAGGTGAAGAAATTGGTGGGTTTTCTA
TAG

1. Jorgensen R, Sogaard TM, Rossing AB, Martensen PM, Justesen J: Identification and characterization of human mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jun 2;275(22):16820-6. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. IDO-2
2. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-like protein 1
3. Indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase-like protein 1

MEPHRPNVKTAVPLSLESYHISEEYGFLLPDSLKELPDHYRPWMEIANKLPQLIDAHQLQ
AHVDKMPLLSCQFLKGHREQRLAHLVLSFLTMGYVWQEGEAQPAEVLPRNLALPFVEVSR
NLGLPPILVHSDLVLTNWTKKDPDGFLEIGNLETIISFPGGESLHGFILVTALVEKEAVP
GIKALVQATNAILQPNQEALLQALQRLRLSIQDITKTLGQMHDYVDPDIFYAGIRIFLSG
WKDNPAMPAGLMYEGVSQEPLKYSGGSAAQSTVLHAFDEFLGIRHSKESGDFLYRMRDYM
PPSHKAFIEDIHSAPSLRDYILSSGQDHLLTAYNQCVQALAELRSYHITMVTKYLITAAA
KAKHGKPNHLPGPPQALKDRGTGGTAVMSFLKSVRDKTLESILHPRG

• IDO (PF01231 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGCCCCACAGACCGAATGTGAAGACAGCAGTGCCATTGTCTTTGGAAAGCTATCAC
ATATCTGAAGAGTATGGCTTTCTTCTTCCAGATTCTCTGAAAGAACTTCCAGATCATTAT
AGGCCTTGGATGGAAATTGCCAACAAACTTCCTCAATTGATTGATGCTCACCAGCTTCAA
GCTCATGTGGACAAGATGCCCCTGCTGAGCTGCCAGTTCCTGAAGGGTCACCGGGAGCAG
CGCCTGGCCCACCTGGTCCTGAGCTTCCTCACCATGGGTTATGTCTGGCAGGAAGGAGAG
GCGCAGCCTGCAGAGGTCCTGCCAAGGAATCTTGCCCTTCCATTTGTCGAAGTCTCCAGG
AACTTGGGGCTCCCTCCTATCCTGGTCCACTCAGACTTGGTGCTGACGAACTGGACCAAA
AAAGATCCAGACGGATTCCTGGAAATTGGGAACCTGGAGACCATCATCTCATTTCCTGGG
GGAGAGAGCCTGCATGGTTTTATACTGGTGACTGCTTTGGTAGAGAAAGAAGCAGTGCCT
GGGATAAAGGCTCTTGTTCAGGCCACGAATGCTATCTTGCAGCCCAACCAGGAGGCCCTG
CTCCAAGCCCTGCAGCGACTGAGACTGTCTATTCAGGACATCACCAAAACCTTAGGACAG
ATGCATGATTATGTAGATCCAGACATATTTTATGCAGGCATCCGGATCTTTCTCTCTGGA
TGGAAAGACAACCCAGCAATGCCTGCAGGGCTGATGTATGAAGGAGTTTCCCAAGAGCCC
CTGAAATACTCCGGCGGGAGTGCAGCTCAGAGCACAGTGCTTCATGCCTTTGATGAGTTC
TTAGGCATTCGTCATAGCAAGGAAAGTGGTGACTTTCTGTACAGAATGAGGGATTACATG
CCTCCTTCCCATAAGGCCTTCATAGAAGACATCCACTCAGCACCTTCCCTGAGGGACTAC
ATCCTGTCCTCTGGACAGGACCACTTGCTGACAGCTTATAACCAGTGTGTGCAGGCCCTG
GCAGAGCTGCGGAGCTATCACATCACCATGGTCACCAAATACCTCATCACAGCTGCAGCC
AAGGCAAAGCATGGGAAGCCAAACCATCTCCCAGGGCCTCCTCAGGCTTTAAAAGACAGG
GGCACAGGTGGAACCGCAGTTATGAGCTTTCTTAAGAGTGTCAGGGATAAGACCTTGGAG
TCAATCCTTCACCCACGTGGTTAG

1. Ball HJ, Sanchez-Perez A, Weiser S, Austin CJ, Astelbauer F, Miu J, McQuillan JA, Stocker R, Jermiin LS, Hunt NH: Characterization of an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-like protein found in humans and mice. Gene. 2007 Jul 1;396(1):203-13. Epub 2007 Apr 18. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
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1. TDOmRNA
2. Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, isoform CRA_b

MSGCPFLGNNFGYTFKKLPVEGSEEDKSQTGVNRASKGGLIYGNYLHLEKVLNAQELQSE
TKGNKIHDEHLFIITHQAYELWFKQILWELDSVREIFQNGHVRDERNMLKVVSRMHRVSV
ILKLLVQQFSILETMTALDFNDFREYLSPASGFQSLQFRLLENKIGVLQNMRVPYNRRHY
RDNFKGEENELLLKSEQEKTLLELVEAWLERTPGLEPHGFNFWGKLEKNITRGLEEEFIR
IQAKEESEEKEEQVAEFQKQKEVLLSLFDEKRHEHLLSKGERRLSYRALQGALMIYFYRE
EPRFQVPFQLLTSLMDIDSLMTKWRYNHVCMVHRMLGSKAGTGGSSGYHYLRSTVSDRYK
VFVDLFNLSTYLIPRHWIPKMNPTIHKFLYTAEYCDSSYFSSDESD

• None

• None

MALHSMRKARERWSFIRALHKGSAAAPALQKDSKKRVFSGIQPTGILHLGNYLGAIESWV
RLQDEYDSVLYSIVDLHSITVPQDPAVLRQSILDMTAVLLACGINPEKSILFQQSQVSEH
TQLSWILSCMVRLPRLQHLHQWKAKTTKQKHDGTVGLLTYPVLQAADILLYKSTHVPVGE
DQVQHMELVQDLAQGFNKKYGEFFPVPESILTSMKKVKSLRDPSAKMSKSDPDKLATVRI
TDSPEEIVQKFRKAVTDFTSEVTYDPAGRAGVSNIVAVHAAVTGLSVEEVVRRSAGMNTA
RYKLAVADAVIEKFAPIKREIEKLKLDKDHLEKVLQIGSAKAKELAYTVCQEVKKLVGFL

• tRNA-synt_1b (PF00579 )

• None

• None